2020年高考英语二轮复习考点学与练专题01 名词与冠词(高考押题)(含解析)
高考英语二轮专题训练模块1专题3第1讲冠词模拟精练巧押题含解析新人教版
专题3 第1讲Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2020·衡水中学高三下学期四调)Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over past 25 years，while rice has increased only 7 percent.【答案】the【解析】考查定冠词。
句意：玉米产量在过去25年里增长了近125%，而大米只增长了7%。
故是特指在过去的25年里。
故填the。
2．(2020·合肥市一模)Having fun at work is essential part of many large companies today.【答案】an【解析】考查不定冠词。
句意：在工作中获得乐趣是当今许多大公司的重要组成部分。
此处的part是可数名词，需要用冠词修饰，根据句意可知此处表泛指，且essential的发音以元音音素开头。
故填an。
3．(2020·衡水中学高三下学期十调)Chinese films have long faced uphill，cross-cultural challenge to break the code regarding what attracts international interest.【答案】an【解析】考查不定冠词。
句意：长期以来，中国电影一直面临着一个艰难的跨文化挑战，即打破吸引国际关注的规则。
此处指面临“一个”挑战，所以名词challenge前用不定冠词，且名词前修饰词uphill是以元音因素开头的名词。
故填an。
4．(2020·北京海淀一模)On sketchbook I forced myself to draw whatever interested me.【答案】 a【解析】考查冠词。
本题无提示词，且位置是在介词后名词前，考虑冠词。
冠词分为泛指和特指，由于本题前面没有出现过 sketchbook，可以使用冠词 a，句意为“我强迫自己在速写本上画任何让我感兴趣的东西”。
2020届高考英语二轮复习专题1：名词和冠词版含解析
— I would like a coffee and two beers. 我想喝一杯咖啡和两瓶啤酒。
3.用于序数词前，表示 “又一，再一 ”。
He missed the gold in the high jump but will get a second chance in the long jump.
2.用于序数词和形容词或副词最高级以及形容词
only, very, same 等之前。
Yang Liwei is the first man who has been into space in China. 在中国，杨利伟成为第一位登上太空的人。
易错警示 ：
（ 1） only ,very, same, main 等形容词修饰名词时， 前面也用定冠词 the。
2.【 2018?天津卷】 The__________ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to
explore the outer space.
A. advice
B. order
预测今后考点将分布在对不定冠词的考查， 定冠词的考查， 不用冠词的情况以及一些固定词组中冠词的正 确使用。
解答这块试题时， 要从翻译的角度去做， 如果能够准确地翻译出句子的意思， 就能够解答此题； 多做练习， 能够提高熟悉语境的能力，很多考题要和语境相联系起来考查。
知识 与技巧的 梳理
考点 1 名词词义辨析
专题一
名词和冠词
考向预测
名词和冠词是中学英语的重要词汇， 也是历年高考的重要考点。 从近几年的高考试题中， 可以发现它们经 常放在一起，通过具体语境进行考查。
2024届高考英语二轮复习语法专题一名词和冠词(带答案)
【专题一】名词& 冠词一、单项选择：从A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
—Hello！Could I speak to Mr. Smith—Sorry, wrong number. There isn’t Mr. Smith here.A. aB. anC. theD. /According to World Health Organization, health-care plans are needed in all big cities to prevent spread of the novel coronavirus.A. a; theB. the; aC. the; theD. a; aHe devotes most of his time to football and I am sure he promisesexcellent footballer.A. the; anB. /; anC./; aD. /; theJohn is university student from European country.A. an; aB. an; anC. a; anD. a; aIt is known to us all that light travels faster than sound.A. the; theB. the; /C. /; /D. /; theThis kind of dress was popular and my mother bought one .A. in the 1980s; in her twentiesB. in 1980s; in her twentyC.in 1980s; in twentiesD. in the 1980s; twentiesstudents and teachers account for the majority in our school.A. Girls; womenB. Girl; womenC. Girls; womanD. Girl; womanCarbon dioxide, which makes a between us and the sun, prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the earth is becoming warmer.A. differenceB. comparisonC. connectionD. barrierWhenever I make mistakes, my teacher, Mr. Smith points them out with .A. curiosityB. satisfactionC. envyD. patience.The accident caused some to my car, but it’s nothing serious.A. harmB. injuryC. damageD. ruin二、填空题：根据句意和句子结构，在空格处填入一个适当的单词或括号中所给词的正确形式。
2020年高考英语精选考点专题01冠词和名词(解析版).pdf
专题01 冠词和名词I.单项填空1.【2019·江苏卷】26.Nowadays the ___________ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.A. priorityB. potentialC. proportionD. pension【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意：当今，旅行的重点从购物转变成了品尝美食和欣赏风景。
A. priority优先；优先权；B. potential潜在的，可能的； C. proportion比例，占比； D. pension退休金，抚恤金。
故选A。
2.【2019·天津卷】7.We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made a(n) ___________on our lives inmany ways.A. statementB. impactC. impressionD. judgment【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
句意：我们能够看到人工智能在许多方面已经对我们的生活产生了强烈的影响。
statement“陈述说明”；impact“强烈的影响，冲击力”；impression“印象，感想”；judgement“判断力判断”。
故选B。
3.【2018·天津】6. The__________ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists toexplore the outer space.A. adviceB. orderC. possibilityD. invitation【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。
句意：宇宙中其它星球上存在生命这种可能性总是激励科学家们去探索外部空间。
高考英语二轮复习专题01名词与冠词押题专练含解析
培养良好的学习习惯（一）教学内容：培养良好的学习习惯（一）教学目标：1.仔细观察课本上的图或教学挂图，反复训练正确的读书写字姿势，培养良好的读书、写字的习惯。
2.通过反复训练，使学生了解读书写字时必须要达到的要求，并能在实际操作过程中不仅自己自觉做到，还能督促别人做到，逐渐形成习惯。
1、a o e教学内容：1、aoe教学目标：1.学习ɑ o e 3个单韵母，能够读准音，认清形，正确书写。
2.认识“ˉˊˇˋ”4个声调符号，能正确读出ɑ o e的四声。
3.认识和学习使用汉语拼音拼音四线格。
教学重、难点：1.ɑ o e 的正确发音，o和e读音的比较。
2.ɑ o e的四声读法。
教具准备：彩色挂图、ɑ o e的四声卡片、画有四线格和描红笔顺的小黑板，学生各带小镜子一面。
2、i u ü教学内容：2、i u ü教学目标：1. 学会ｉｕü3个单韵母，读准音，认清形，正确书写。
2 .掌握iｕü的4个声调，能直接读出带调韵母的音。
教学重、难点：1.īu ü的正确发音。
2.īu ü的四声读法。
教具准备：认一认1教学内容：认一认1教学目标：认识16个生字教学重、难点：记住16个汉字的读音。
教具准备：3、b p m f 教学内容： 3、b p m f教学目标：1. 学会ｂｐｍｆ4个声母，读准音，认清形，正确书写。
2. 学习ｂｐｍｆ与单韵母组成的音节及四声。
3 .学习带调拼读音节，开始练习直呼音节。
教学重、难点：1.b p m f 的正确发音。
2.认清字形，区别b 和p 的半圆位置。
教具准备：4、d t n l 容：4、d t n l教学目标：1. 学会ｄｔｎl4个声母，读准音，认清形，正确书写。
2. 继续学习拼读方法，学习看图读带调音节和音节词。
教学重、难点：1.d t n l 的正确发音。
2.认清字形，区别b 和d 的字形教具准备：教学内容：5、g k h教学目标：1. 学会3个声母g k h，能够读准字音，认清形，正确书写。
2020江苏高考英语二轮讲义：专题一第一讲 名词和冠词
语法基础是高考江苏卷的重要考查内容，主要通过单项填空题来考查。
单项填空是高考江苏卷的重要题型，重点考查基础语法运用、词汇辨析、交际用语及习语。
本书进行系统化复习，词汇与语法并重；加强训练，提高理解应用能力；讲练环环相扣，帮助考生高效备考，轻松增分！第一讲 名词和冠词[学生用书P2]命题者说|Ｋ) 单项填空对名词的考查主要包括名词的辨析、单复数、名词的固定搭配、名词的格、名词在特殊语境中的应用、名词的熟词生义等。
冠词在近几年高考中未考查，但对冠词的基本用法也应掌握。
[学生用书P2] 名词词义辨析(Ⅰ) 示之以范____________________________________原则这样运用1．(2019·江苏卷)Nowadays the ________ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.A．priority B．potentialC．proportion D．pensionA 解析：考查名词辨析。
句意：现在旅游的优先事项从购物转移到了食物和风景。
priority“优先事项，首要事情”；potential“可能性”；proportion“比例”；pension“养老金”。
2．(2018·江苏卷)Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the________ you’ve made.A．assignment B．associationC．acquisition D．assumptionD 解析：考查名词辨析。
根据句中的actually可知选择assumption，表示“要努力弄懂事实上正在发生的事情而不是把你的行为建立在假设之上”。
assignment“任务，作业”；association“协会，团体，联系，联想”；acquisition“获得，习得”。
2020高考英语深化复习+命题热点提分专题01名词和冠词
【最新】20xx年高考英语深化复习+命题热点提分专题01名词和冠词1．His ____ of life has changed a lot since the experience he had in Africa three years ago.A. sightB. attitudeC. viewD. altitude【答案】C2．Asking them to boycott meetings when others do not agree with their demands is a(n) ________ to a very unhappy life of fighting with other people, ________ them their future happiness.C. invitation, costingD. affection, having lost【答案】C3．Tu Youyou was given the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine of 20xx due to her ________ to discovering a new drug to treat parasitic diseases.7．We can't make ______ of what the teacher is saying.A. senseB. a senseC. sensesD. tense【答案】A【解析】句意：对老师说的我们没弄懂。
make sense of sth.“理解，弄懂”，根据句意选A.8．He and his wife have the same ________; they both want their son to go to college.A. soulB. spiritC. heartD. mind【答案】D9．At the meeting they discussed three different ________ to the study of mathematics.A. approachesB. meansC. methodsD. ways【答案】A【解析】本题四个名词都表示方法，但只有approach后面要接介词to，构成the approach to...，表示“……的方法”。
2020年高考英语二轮复习考点学与练专题01 名词与冠词(讲)(含解析)
专题1 名词与冠词单项填空对名词的考查主要包括名词的辨析、单复数、名词的固定搭配、名词的格、名词在特殊语境中的应用、名词的熟词生义等。
冠词在近几年高考中未考查，但对冠词的基本用法也应掌握。
考查要点主要包括：1．考查名词词义辨析和习惯搭配。
名词词义辨析包括同义词辨析、近义词辨析、同形词辨析和不同词义的名词在语境中的辨析。
另外，高考还考查容易混淆的名词的辨形、辨义以及名词的惯用法等。
2．考查名词的数(可数与不可数、单数与复数)、名词所有格、抽象名词的具体化、物质名词的量化、名词和冠词的搭配以及主谓一致等。
3．考查名词的“旧词新意”和“名词动化”现象。
这种现象主要以隐形考查的方式出现在阅读理解和完形填空试题中。
如：shelter n．庇护，避难所→vt.保护，躲避，避难；storm n. 暴风雨，大动荡→vi.&vt.横冲直撞，猛攻；shoulder n. 肩，肩膀，肩部→vt.肩负，承担；trail n．小径，痕迹→vt.追踪。
知识点一、名词的单复数1．可数名词复数的规则变化可数名词复数的构成，通常是在单数形式后面加－s或－es，其规则如下：构成方法例词一般情况在词尾加－scat—cats girl—girlspage—pages以s, x, sh, ch结尾的词在词尾加－esbus—buses box—boxeswatch—watchesbrush—brushes但有例外：stomach—stomachs以y结尾的专有名词或“元音字母＋y”结尾的名词变复数时，直接在词尾加－stwo Marysthree Henrysmonkey—monkeysholiday—holidays boy—boys以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的词，把y变成i加－es baby—babies city—cities factory—factories story—stories以“辅音字母＋o”结尾的词，在词尾加－es tomato—tomatoes hero—heroes potato—potatoes但有例外：photo—photos piano—pianos以“元音字母＋o”结尾的词在词尾加－sradio—radioszoo—zoos以f或fe结尾的词，多数变f或fe为v加－es knife—knives wife—wives half—halves leaf—leaves但仍有例外：belief—beliefs roof—roofs handkerchief—handkerchiefs/handkerchieves【特别提醒】因为汉语中没有名词的单复数形式变化，所以英语中名词的单复数也就成了易错点。
2020年高考英语二轮复习考点学与练专题01 名词与冠词(高考押题)(含解析)
高考押题专练1．When you enter a hotel, the top ________ is to find out where all the available exit routes are in case you need to get out in an emergency.A．privilege B．priorityC．preference D．principle【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意：当你进入酒店时，你的首要任务是找出所有可用的出口路线，以防你需要在紧急情况下离开。
priority“优先事项，首要事情”，符合句意。
privilege“特权”；preference“偏爱，偏爱的事物”；principle“规范，原则”。
2．The health of garden plants depends on the soil ________ —the proper balance of mineral pieces, organic matter, air, and water.A．construction B．conservationC．corporation D．composition【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意：园艺植物的健康取决于土壤的组成成分——矿物质、有机物质、空气和水的适当平衡。
composition“构成，成分”，符合语境。
construction“建造，建筑”；conservation“保存，保护”；corporation“法人，大型公司”。
3．The audience burst into laughter because of the ________ of the tongue from the host, who said, “Good ladies, evening and gentlemen.”A．slip B．slideC．seal D．spit【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。
(课标专用)天津市2020高考英语二轮复习专题一名词与冠词课件
第一部分
专题一 名词与冠词
考情概览
考点整合
新题演练
-18-
突破点一 突破点二 突破点三 突破点四 突破点五 突破点六
经典例题
(2018·天津耀华中学二模)The visitors here are greatly impressed
by the fact that
people from all walks of life are working hard
the
“这”或“那”
the scholars mentioned just now 刚
才提到的学者们
不定冠 词a
用于以辅音音素开头 的单数可数名词前, 表示泛指,意为 “一”
a university 一所大学 a European city 一个欧洲城市 a popular song 一首流行歌曲
第一部分
普通名词shoe做定语,应用其单数形式。故C项正确。句意:在两位
女售货员的帮助下,他成功地在一家大的鞋店里找到了他一直寻找
的运动鞋。
答案:C
第一部分
专题一 名词与冠词
考情概览
考点整合
突破点一 突破点二 突破点三 突破点四 突破点五 突破点六
新题演练
-10-
冠词的基本用法
考查方向
冠词 基本用法
举例
the progress he’s made 他已经取 定冠词 用来表示特指,意为 得的进步
这儿的参观者都被各行各业的人们为一个全新的天津而努力工作
的事实深深打动了。
答案:A
第一部分
专题一 名词与冠词
考情概览
考点整合
突破点一 突破点二 突破点三 突破点四 突破点五 突破点六
2020届新高考英语二轮教师用书：第一讲 名词和冠词 Word版含解析
第一讲名词和冠词语法项目(一) 名词语法填空题对名词的考查主要包括名词的单复数和所有格，以及给出动词、形容词等提示词要求写出适当的名词形式。
短文改错重点考查名词的单复数、不可数名词、名词与其他词类的词性转化等。
解答有关名词的题目时，一定要注意名词前的修饰成分，如数词、量词、常修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词的词或短语等，来判断其是需要可数名词单数形式、复数形式还是不可数名词；有的还要结合语境分析句子成分，来判断是否需要作主语、宾语、表语或定语的名词。
如何确定填单复数、所有格还是派生为名词[思考趋向]1．填名词的单复数若提示词是名词，分析句子成分后发现词性不需要改变，此时应考虑填名词的单复数。
2．填名词的所有格提示词为名词时，如果作定语表示“……的”，则一般考查名词的所有格。
3．派生为名词[典例感悟][典例1](2017·全国卷Ⅲ)She has turned down several ________ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.解析：invitations invitation“邀请”是可数名词，其前有several修饰，应用复数形式。
[典例2](2019·湖南师大附中模拟)This could be ________ (Mary) motto——the expression that best captures her spirit.解析：Mary's此题考查名词的所有格，根据语境应该表示“玛丽的格言”。
[典例3](2017·浙江卷11月)Of course you have to work at it.You wouldn't think that a few ________ (month) of exercise in your teens would be enough for the rest of your life，and that's also true for building your vocabulary—you have to keep at it daily，and pretty soon you will find that you have an excellent vocabulary.解析：months考查名词的数。
2020年新高考英语二轮复习专题01 名词与冠词押题(学生版)
高考押题专练1．When you enter a hotel, the top ________ is to find out where all the available exit routes are in case you need to get out in an emergency.A．privilege B．priorityC．preference D．principle2．The health of garden plants depends on the soil ________ —the proper balance of mineral pieces, organic matter, air, and water.A．construction B．conservationC．corporation D．composition3．The audience burst into laughter because of the ________ of the tongue from the host, who said, “Good ladies, evening and gentlemen.”A．slip B．slideC．seal D．spit4．Mo Yan, a most widelyread writer，takes a complete new________ to describing China’s rural and folk culture.A．way B．approachC．passage D．entry5．Music grows and evolves through the ________ of different cultures and styles.A．interaction B．competitionC．connection D．interpretation6．She was admitted to college and she had to make some ________ and learn to lead an independent life there.A．progress B．adjustmentC．difference D．assessment7．The survey shows that the US is still a favorite ________ for studying abroad.A．opportunity B．destinationC．challenge D．qualification8．—Mr. Smith, when can I go to America?—I’ve made a ________ for you on the morning flight.A．regulation B．presentationC．reservation D．contribution9．Many people think that the sentence of death is too severe a(n) ________ for any crime.A．defeat B．treatmentC．punishment D．injury10．W hen asked what is the ________ of happiness, different people will give different answers.A．habit B．sourceC．origin D．resource11．Though spending much time on events out of their control, they felt some ________ to be at an advantage finally.A．amazement B．reliefC．curiosity D．nervousness12．Finding information in today’s world is easy.The ________ is how you can tell whether the information you get is useful or not.A．knowledge B．abilityC．competition D．challenge13．It is astonishing what you can do with chocolate if you have enough of it.Give full play to your ________ and have a try!A．imagination B．puzzlementC．attention D．qualification14．The patient’s family has expressed their ________ to the press in letters for the money raised.A．purpose B．apologiesC．gratitude D．sympathy15．When you cast a________for others, you help them see their potential and their possibilities.A．glance B．doubtC．shadow D．vision16．The ________ of cultures between Europeans and the Romanies led to many nations taking action against them.A．cooperation B．similarityC．convention D．collision17．As is often the case, teachers’ ________ with parents involve complaints about children’s misbehaviors and laziness in school.A．acquaintances B．negotiationsC．conferences D．consultations18．For sustainable development, the government has decided to give ________ to those energyconserving and environmentfriendly businesses in many aspects.A．permission B．profitC．preference D．phenomenon19．The local authorities provide every college student this year with an annual________ of 4，000 yuan for food and tuition fees.A．award B．admissionC．allowance D．acquisition20．In Beijing opera, performers are required to paint their faces in patterns and colors to help show the________and depths of the characters’ personalities.A．dimensions B．certificatesC．occupations D．consciences21．Many parents received a message about the class________ because of hazy days in Beijing.A．inspection B．suspensionC．anticipation D．participation22．As a qualified lawyer, he must always consider the best interests of his ________．A．clients B．colleaguesC．organizations D．companions23．Many people tend to assume that________ just means creating something new, but actually it’s more than that—it’s an attitude of doing things.A．imitation B．imaginationC．innovation D．inspiration24．When you think of “a life without limits” you have a(n) ________ to think that you can do anything.A．opportunity B．situationC．tendency D．advantage25．Having a regular bedtime________is something people can do to lower their risk of becoming overweight.A．arrangement B．activityC．trend D．routine26．A trip to the forest park is a wonderful________ of my happy childhood，when I had no end of fun with my playmates.A．adventure B．celebrationC．reminder D．attraction27．She has a________for literature and reading classic books or articles has become part of her routine.A．talent B．passionC．requirement D．reputation28．—The rapid ________ of our city has caused many social and economic problems.—That’s true.Our city is bigger than before, but our life isn’t as quiet as before.A．exploration B．expansionC．explosion D．evolution29．He was faced with the________of whether to go abroad for further study or find a job to support his family after he graduated from college.A．contrast B．differenceC．adjustment D．dilemma30．What I know is that I should sell healthy fruit to my customers, which is to say, I should follow my ________．A．conscience B．dreamC．nose D．passion31．I often have ________ chat with my friends on ________ phone in my spare time.A．a；the B．the；/C．the；the D．a；/32．Health care workers are at the risk of getting infectious diseases because of their ________ to patients.A．exposure B．discriminationC．guidance D．response33．If you want to see a doctor，you fix a date with him ahead of time.That is a common ________ in the USA.A．view B．exerciseC．practice D．reality34．In 2013，Beijing adopted an emergency ____ program for air pollution.A．behavior B．actionC．response D．situation35．Usually the Player of the Year title is given to a big name from the best team.But this time there is a(n) ________.A．break B．improvementC．exception D．tradition36．The fear of failing exams can cause you to panic and stress can be a(n)________ to your performance at school.A．solution B．invitationC．block D．access37．Although war still exists on our planet，I do believe it’s possible for different ethnic groups to live together in ________.A．agreement B．harmonyC．connection D．comparison38．Unfortunately，_____ stone hit him on ______ head and he got injured.A．the；a B．a；/C．a；the D．the；the39．I prefer writing ________ letters to talking on ________ phone.A．the；a B．/；theC．the；the D．/；a40．It was a difficult job for him.He had tried everything but it made little ________.A．use B．goodC．difference D．result41．This is our contribution to ________ world of the 21st century，________ world of independence and mutual understanding.A．the；a B．/；aC．a；the D．the；/42．For the final ______ of our journey，we decided to take the coach.A．leg B．roundC．distance D．path43．Jianbing，one of the most popular snacks in China，appeals to almost everyone in America and has become new ________ food there.A．usual B．hitC．common D．success44．My neighbor Molly is very kind-hearted.She usually volunteers to help ________ poor in our community out of ________ sympathy.A．/；the B．the；/C．a；the D．the；the45．Time and time again she was warned of the________of her action.A．effects B．resultsC．importance D．consequences46．I don’t fully understand what you said，but I have got ________ rough idea of ________ plan.A．a；/ B．/；theC．a；the D．the；the47．It is important to pay your electricity bill on time，as late payments may affect your ________.A．condition B．incomeC．credit D．status48．When the captain found the ship was rapidly sinking，he ordered his men to send out a ________ for help.A．signal B．signC．symbol D．signature49．One of ________ most common illnesses in our society is “time sickness”，________ sense of time pressure and hurry that causes anxiety and tension.A．/；a B．/；theC．the；a D．the；the50．True happiness does not lie in the ________ of money，but the joy of achievement.A．possession B．professionC．permission D．persuasion以下内容为：高中英语到底怎么学？开学伊始，对于所有的同学来说，都是新的开始，新学期到底该如何学好英语? 这是很多同学高中三年都一直追问的问题。
备战2020年高考英语 考点一遍过 考点01 冠词(含解析)
考点01 冠词【命题解读】冠词是历年高考的必考点，常出现在语篇型语法填空和短文改错中。
但从整套试题来看，在短文改错、书面表达、阅读理解等题型中对冠词的隐性考查可谓无处不在。
在日常交际中，几乎每说一句话、每写一篇日记、每读一篇文章都会涉及冠词的运用。
故不论高考的考查形式如何变化，冠词仍应是高考复习的重点.【命题预测】预计2020年的高考仍然会以考查冠词在具体语境中的正确使用为主,以语篇型语法填空和短文改错的形式出现，它可能把冠词的各种用法结合名词一起进行考查.【复习建议】复习冠词须把握好以下三个原则：1。
单数可数名词用不定冠词a/an表示泛指；2.复数可数名词及不可数名词表示泛指时，其前不加冠词；3。
无论可数名词还是不可数名词，表示特指时，其前都要加定冠词the。
考向一不定冠词1。
不定冠词有a和an 两种形式。
a用在以辅音音素开头的名词前，an用在以元音音素开头的词前。
In a university，a European and a one—eyed man walked along a one—way road with a useful tool. This is a usual thing。
在一所大学里，一个欧洲人和一个一只眼的人拿着一件有用的工具沿着一条单行道走着。
这是一件平常之事.An hour ago，an honest man accepted an unusual gift and went to finish an honorable task.一小时前,一个诚实的人接受了一件非同寻常的礼物，去完成一项光荣的任务.2。
不定冠词a/an用在单数可数名词前表示泛指，泛指某一人或某一物。
The ＂Chinese Dream＂is a dream to improve people's well—being and a dream of harmony,peace and development。
(课标专用)天津市2020高考英语二轮复习专题一名词与冠词课件
突破点一 突破点二 突破点三 突破点四 突破点五 突破点六
不定冠词的特殊用法
考查方向 1.a(n) 用于抽象名词前,表示具体含义 如:a failure一个失败的人;一件失败的事 a surprise一件令人惊讶的事 a success一个成功的人;一件成功的事 2.a(n)用于物质名词前表示种类或特定的量 如:a heavy rain 一场大雨 a good tea一种好茶 a coffee 一杯咖啡 a drink 一杯饮料
第一部分
专题一 名词与冠词
考情概览
考点整合
新题演练
-13-
突破点一 突破点二 突破点三 突破点四 突破点五 突破点六
定冠词的特殊用法 考查方向 1.“the+形容词”表示一类人 如:the young/elderly/living/injured...年轻人/老年人/活着的人/受 伤的人 2.the用于形容词或副词最高级之前 如:the most useful 最有用的 3.the用于中国传统节日之前 如:the Spring Festival 春节 the Mid-Autumn Festival中秋节 the Lantern Festival 元宵节 the Dragon Boat Festival 端午节
A.advice
B.order
C.possibility
D.invitation
思路点拨该题考查名词词义辨析。advice“建议,劝告”;order“秩
序,订购,命令”;possibility“可能性”;invitation“邀请”。从题干中的
inspired scientists to explore the outer space可以判断life on other planets有“可能性”,所以C项符合句意。句意:宇宙中其他行星存在 生命的可能性一直激励着科学家们探索外层太空。
2020届高考英语二轮复习语法专题训练：名词和冠词 Word版含解析
语法专题名词和冠词一、用所给词的适当形式或适当冠词填空1.Tom is thinking of celebrating the coming birthday of Jane,one of his best (friend).答案:friends2.prize for the winner of the competition is two-week holiday in Paris.答案:The;a3.With the college (enter) examination drawing near,how I wish I could have a face-to-face talk with you!答案:entrance4.In the new factory all the (equip) was up to date.答案:equipment5.You shouldn’t laugh at other people’s (believe).答案:beliefs6.The paper is due next month,and I am working seven days week,often long into night.答案:a;the7.Now,years later,this river is one of most outstanding examples of environment protection.答案:the8.Marco Polo is said to have sailed on Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in thirteenth century.答案:the;the9.Four and half hours of discussion took us up to midnight,andbreak for cheese,chocolate and tea with sugar.答案:a;a10.They are getting things together in preparation for journey they have planned.答案:the二、单句改错1.Suddenly,a man riding his motorcycle passed us rapidly,missing Li Dong by several inch.答案:inch→inches2.I hope all my dream will come true in the near future.答案:dream→dreams3.If you want to know the trick of making such tasty cakes,just follow the direction in the cookbook.答案:direction→directions4.Now woman are working as teachers,scientists,and even leaders.答案:woman→women5.When tea got popular in Britain,there was a crying need for good cup with handles to suit British habits.答案:cup→cups6.Experts think that a recently discovered painting may be a Picasso.答案:第一个a→the7.In communication,a smile is usually a strong sign of a friendly and a open attitude.答案:去掉open前的a8.A enriched after-school life makes one a clever boy!答案:A→An9.If we sit near the front of the bus,we’ll have the better view.答案:第三个the→a10.First impressions are a most lasting.After all,you never get a second chance to makea first impression.答案:第一个a→the三、语篇填空SmilingSmile is a universal language,which is 1.(wide) used throughout the world.However,the meaning of a smile in different cultures may be different.Depending on different cultures,smiling can express joy and 2.(amuse),but it can also indicate embarrassment.The following examples show this point of view: In an attempt to be open and 3.(friend),people in the United States smile a lot.Every one smiles at each other and this nonverbal communication shows being polite in the United States.But in China,smiling is not only 4.expression of happiness,but also a way to avoid 5.(be)embarrassed.Chinese people like smiling when they are embarrassed in order to avoid embarrassment.Smiling is a kind of good will but not sneer(嘲笑).For example:When a child 6.(fall)off from a bike,the adults in China may smile,7.is a kind of gentle encouragement and may not be a kind of impolite laugh.What is related 8.the smile is the laugh.Also,different cultures have different 9.(meaning)about laugh.Americans can enjoy a very heartfelt belly(腹部)laugh that comes from the deepest emotions while most Chinese“微笑”有不同的定义。
(江苏专版)2020版高考英语大二轮复习专题1语法知识第十一节名词与冠词学案牛津译林版
第十一节名词与冠词1.名词词义辨析、易混淆的名词的辨形、辨义以及名词的惯用法等是高考的热点。
如：symptom(症状)和sympathy(同情)；accommodation(住宿)和occupation(职业)；adaptation(适应，改编)和appreciation(欣赏)；commitment(承诺，保证)和assessment(评估，估计)；competence(能力，权限)和consequence(后果)。
2.考查名词的“熟词新义”和“名词动化”现象。
要在平时多阅读、多积累。
如：shelter n.庇护，避难所→vt.保护vi.躲避storm n.暴风雨→vi.突击，猛攻shoulder n.肩，肩膀→vt.肩负，承担trail n.小径，痕迹→vt.跟踪，追踪reserve n.保护区→vt.预定，预留3.掌握名词的数(可数与不可数、单数与复数)、名词所有格、抽象名词的具体化、物质名词的量化、名词和冠词的搭配以及主谓一致等。
4.理解和区分不定冠词a，an；定冠词the的用法。
5.零冠词的用法。
1.Nowadaysthefortravellingisshiftedfromshoppingtofoodandscenery.(2019·江苏，26) A.priority B.potentialCproportion D.pension答案 A解析考查名词辨析。
句意为：如今旅游的重点从购物转向了食物和风景。
priority优先事项，首要事情；potential可能性；proportion比例；pension养老金。
2.Wecanobservethatartificialintelligencehasalreadymadea(n) onourlivesinmanyways.(2019·天津，7)A.statementB.impactC.impressionD.judgment答案 B解析考查名词辨析。
专题01冠词-3年高考2年模拟1年备战2020高考精品系列之英语(解析版)word版含解析
专题01 冠词-3年高考2年模拟1年备战2020高考精品系列之英语（解析版）word版含解析专题01 冠词【2020年高考命题预测】冠词是高考中的高频考点，主要以考查冠词在具体语境中的正确使用为主。
预测今后考点分布在对不定冠词的考查；定冠词的考查；不用冠词的情况以及一些固定词组中冠词的正确使用。
从高考命题来看，冠词考点常以单项填空、语法填空（语篇）和短文改错的形式出现，它可能把冠词的各种用法结合名词一起进行考查。
建议在复习时：1．掌握冠词的基本用法；2．掌握冠词的习惯用法；3．在解答试题时，要从翻译的角度去做，如果能够准确地翻译出句子的意思，就能够解答此题。
复习建议1. 根据知识网络将冠词的基本用法记牢，这是你做好试题的前提。
2. 熟悉一些名词的用法，和冠词结合。
有很多不可数名词，有时候被具体化的情况，也是考查的重点。
3. 多做练习，能够提高熟悉语境的能力，很多考题是要和语境相联系起来考查的，这方面一定要重视。
【考点定位】2020考纲解读和近几年考点分布冠词是历年高考的必考知识点，常出现在单项选择、语法填空（语篇）和短文改错中。
虽说只有两类，共三个（不定冠词a, an和定冠词the)，但其使用规则很复杂，一直是让考生感到很头痛的一类命题。
需要说明的是：在近年高考试题中，冠词主要是在语法填空的语篇中进行考查。
但从整套试题来看，在短文改错、书面表达、阅读理解等题型中对冠词的隐性考查可谓无处不在。
在日常交际中，几乎每说一句话、每写一篇日记、每读一篇文章都会涉及到冠词的运用。
因而不论高考的考查形式如何变化，冠词仍应是高考复习的重点知识。
纵观历年高考试题，冠词考点主要集中在以下内容：1.考查不定冠词 a ，an表示个别或泛指的用法；2.考查定冠词the特指某一个人或事物的用法；3.考查不定冠词和定冠词在固定搭配中的用法；4.考查零冠词（即省略冠词)表示泛指及其习惯搭配用法；5.考查冠词在表示类别名词前的用法；6.考查不定冠词在具体化抽象名词前的用法；7.考查冠词在其他特殊结构中的用法。
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高考押题专练1．When you enter a hotel, the top ________ is to find out where all the available exit routes are in case you need to get out in an emergency.A．privilege B．priorityC．preference D．principle【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意：当你进入酒店时，你的首要任务是找出所有可用的出口路线，以防你需要在紧急情况下离开。
priority“优先事项，首要事情”，符合句意。
privilege“特权”；preference“偏爱，偏爱的事物”；principle“规范，原则”。
2．The health of garden plants depends on the soil ________ —the proper balance of mineral pieces, organic matter, air, and water.A．construction B．conservationC．corporation D．composition【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意：园艺植物的健康取决于土壤的组成成分——矿物质、有机物质、空气和水的适当平衡。
composition“构成，成分”，符合语境。
construction“建造，建筑”；conservation“保存，保护”；corporation“法人，大型公司”。
3．The audience burst into laughter because of the ________ of the tongue from the host, who said, “Good ladies, evening and gentlemen.”A．slip B．slideC．seal D．spit【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意：由于主持人的口误，观众突然大笑起来，主持人说：“女士们好，晚上和先生们。
” a slip of the tongue“口误”，符合语境。
slide“滑动”；seal“印章，封条”；spit“唾沫”。
4．Mo Yan, a most widelyread writer，takes a complete new________ to describing China’s rural and folk culture.A．way B．approachC．passage D．entry【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意：莫言的作品被广泛阅读，他采用了全新的方法来描述中国的乡村民间文化。
an approach to为固定搭配，相当于a way of，意为“……的方法”；passage指人们行走的“通道，走廊”，不符合本句要求；entry意为“进入，进入权，入口处”，不符合本句要求。
5．Music grows and evolves through the ________ of different cultures and styles.A．interaction B．competitionC．connection D．interpretation【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意：音乐是通过不同文化和风格的互相影响而发展和演变的。
interaction“互相影响，互相作用”；competition“竞争”；connection“联系”；interpretation“理解，演绎”。
6．She was admitted to college and she had to make some ________ and learn to lead an independent life there.A．progress B．adjustmentC．difference D．assessment【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意：她被大学录取了，因此她不得不做些调整并学会在那儿独立生活。
adjustment“调整，调节”，符合语境。
progress“进步”；difference“差异，不同”；assessment“评价，评估”。
7．The survey shows that the US is still a favorite ________ for studying abroad.A．opportunity B．destinationC．challenge D．qualification【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意：调查表明，美国依旧是人们出国留学最喜欢的目的地。
根据句意可知，此处应填destination“目的地”，故答案选B项。
8．—Mr. Smith, when can I go to America?—I’ve made a ________ for you on the morning flight.A．regulation B．presentationC．reservation D．contribution【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意：——史密斯先生，我什么时候能去美国？——我已经为你预订了一个早班飞机的座位。
根据句意，表示“预订”要用make a reservation。
regulation“管理，规则”；presentation“展示，描述，陈述”；contribution“贡献，捐献”，均不符合句意。
9．Many people think that the sentence of death is too severe a(n) ________ for any crime.A．defeat B．treatmentC．punishment D．injury【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意：许多人认为死刑对任何犯罪来说都是太严厉的处罚。
a severe punishment 表示“严厉的处罚”，故选punishment。
10．W hen asked what is the ________ of happiness, different people will give different answers.A．habit B．sourceC．origin D．resource【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意：当被问到什么是快乐的源泉这个问题时，不同的人会给出不同的答案。
habit“习惯，习性”；source“根源，来源”；origin“起源，血统”；resource“资源”。
11．Though spending much time on events out of their control, they felt some ________ to be at an advantage finally.A．amazement B．reliefC．curiosity D．nervousness【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意：尽管在不受他们控制的事情上花了大量时间，但最终能够处于优势让他们略感宽慰。
amazement“惊讶”；relief“宽慰，轻松”；curiosity“好奇心”；nervousness“紧张不安”。
12．Finding information in today’s world is easy.The ________ is how you can tell whether the information you get is useful or not.A．knowledge B．abilityC．competition D．challenge【答案】D【解析】句意：当今世界找信息很容易，挑战在于你如何辨别你所获得的信息是否有用。
A.知识；B.能力；C.竞赛；D.挑战，艰巨任务。
故选D。
13．It is astonishing what you can do with chocolate if you have enough of it.Give full play to your ________ and have a try!A．imagination B．puzzlementC．attention D．qualification【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意：如果你有足够多的巧克力，你能用它做出来的东西令人吃惊。
充分发挥你的想象力去尝试一下吧！根据语境可知，此空填imagination“想象力”。
puzzlement“疑惑”；attention“注意力”；qualification“资格”。
14．The patient’s family has expressed their ________ to the press in letters for the money raised.A．purpose B．apologiesC．gratitude D．sympathy【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意：病人家属在信中为收到的捐款向媒体表达了感激之情。
purpose“目的”；apology“道歉”；gratitude“感激；感谢”；sympathy“同情”。
15．When you cast a________for others, you help them see their potential and their possibilities.A．glance B．doubtC．shadow D．vision【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意：当你为他人投射一个愿景时，你帮助他们看到自己的潜力和可能性。
glance意为“一瞥”；doubt意为“怀疑”；shadow意为“影子”；vision意为“构想，设想”。
根据句意可知应选D 项。
16．The ________ of cultures between Europeans and the Romanies led to many nations taking action against them.A．cooperation B．similarityC．convention D．collision【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意：欧洲人和吉卜赛人之间的文化冲突导致了许多国家对他们采取行动。
cooperation“合作”；similarity“相似处”；convention“习俗”；collision“碰撞，冲突”。
根据语境可知选D项。
17．As is often the case, teachers’ ________ with parents involve complaints about children’s misbehaviors and laziness in school.A．acquaintances B．negotiationsC．conferences D．consultations【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。