四六级翻译详解
(完整)英语四六级段落翻译常用词汇:中国社会历史文化详解
英语四六级段落翻译常用词汇中国社会:多元文化论 cultural pluralism文化适应 acculturation社会保障 social security班车 shuttle bus相定迁户 a relocated unit or household大龄青年 single youth above the normal matrimonial age独生子女 the only child in a family单亲 single parent福利彩票 welfare lotteries家政服务 household management service民工 migrant laborers名人 celebrity农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labor/laborers青春期 puberty全民健身运动 nationwide fitness campaign全国人口普查 nationwide census社会保险 social insurance暂住证 temporary residence permit/card青少年犯罪 juvenile delinquency性骚扰 sexual harassment走私 smuggling性别歧视 gender/sexual discrimination年龄歧视 age discrimination工作歧视 job discrimination享乐主义hedonism文盲 illiteracy贫富分化 disparity between the rich and the poor盗版 pirated/illegal copies一国两制 One Country, Two Systems三个代表 the Three Represents Theory两会(人大、政协)Two Conferences (NPC and CPPCC)南南合作 South-South Cooperation南北对话 North-South Dialog人大常委会 People’s Congress Standing Committee法制观念 awareness of law法制国家 a country with an adequate legal system改革开放 reform and opening-up公务员 civil servants官僚主义作风 the bureaucratic style of work和谐并存 harmonious coexistence计划生育 family planning计划生育基本国策 the basic state policy of family planning 精神文明建设 the construction of spiritual civilization居委会 neighborhood committee科教兴国 national rejuvenation through science and education可持续发展 sustainable development廉洁高效 honesty and high efficiency两岸关系 cross—straits relations两岸谈判 cross—straits negotiations领土完整 territorial integrity民族精神 national spirit普选制 general election system求同存异 seek common ground while shelving differences 人大代表NPC member物质文明和精神文明 material and spiritual civilization 小康社会 a well—off society小康水平 a well—off standard一个中国原则 the one-China principle与时俱进 keep pace with the times综合国力 overall national strength共同愿望common desire“走出去”(战略)going global不结盟 non-alignment单边主义 unilateralism多边政策 multilateralism多极世界 multipolar world人口老龄化 aging of population人口出生率birth rate社区月服务 community service道德法庭 court of ethics盗用公款embezzlement成人夜校 night school for adults在职进修班 on—job training courses政治思想教育 political and ideological education毕业生分配 graduate placement; assignment of graduate充电 update one’s knowledge初等教育 elementary education大学城 college town大学社区 college community高等教育 higher education高等教育“211 工程” the “211 Project” for higher education 高等学府 institution of higher education综合性大学 comprehensive university文科院校 colleges of (liberal) arts理工科大学 college / university of science and engineering师范学院 teachers’ college; normal college高分低能 high scores and low abilities高考(university/college) entrance examination高校扩招 the college expansion plan教育界 education circle教育投入 input in education九年义务教育 nine-year compulsory education考研 take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools课外活动 extracurricular activities必修课 required/compulsory course选修课 elective/optional course基础课 basic courses专业课 specialized courses课程表 school schedule教学大纲 teaching program; syllabus学习年限 period of schooling学历 record of formal schooling学分 credit启发式教学 heuristic teaching人才交流 talent exchange人才战 competition for talented people商务英语证书 Business English Certificate (BEC)适龄儿重入学率 enrollment rate for children of school age升学率 proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade;enrollment rate中国历史与文化京剧 Peking opera秦腔 Qin opera功夫Kungfo太极Tai Chi口技 ventriloquism木偶戏puppet show皮影戏 shadowplay折子戏 opera highlights杂技 acrobatics相声 witty dialogue comedy刺绣 embroidery苏绣 Suzhou embroidery泥人 clay figure书法 calligraphy中国画 traditional Chinese painting水墨画 Chinese brush painting中国结 Chinese knot中国古代四大发明 the four great inventions of ancient China 火药 gunpowder印刷术printing造纸术 paper—making指南针 the compass青铜器 bronze ware瓷器 porcelain; china唐三彩 tri-color glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty景泰蓝cloisonne秋千swing武术 martial arts儒家思想Confucianism儒家文化 Confucian culture道教 Taoism墨家Mohism法家 Legalism佛教 Buddhism孔子 Confucius孟子 Mencius老子 Lao Tzu庄子 Chuang Tzu墨子 Mo Tzu孙子Sun Tzu象形文字 pictographic characters文房四宝(笔墨纸观)the Four Treasures of the Study (brush, ink stick,paper, and ink stone)《大学》The Great Learning《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean《论语》The Analects of Confucius《孟子》The Mencius《孙子兵法》The Art of War《三国演义》Three Kingdoms《西游爷己》Journey to the West《红楼梦》Dream of the Red Mansions《水浒传》Heroes of the Marshes《山海经》The Classic of Mountains and Rivers 《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals《史记》Historical Records《诗经》The Book of Songs《易经》The I Ching; The Book of Changes《礼记》The Book of Rites《三字经》Three-character Scriptures八股文 eight-part essay五言绝句 five—character quatrain七言律诗 seven-character octave旗袍 cheongsam中山装 Chinese tunic suit唐装 Tang suit风水 Fengshui; geomantic omen阳历 Solar calendar阴历 Lunar calendar闰年 leap year十二生肖zodiac春节 the Spring Festival元宵节 the Lantern Festival清明节 the Tomb-sweeping Day端午节 the Dragon—boat Festival中秋节 the Mid-autumn Day重阳节 the Double—ninth Day七夕节 the Double—seventh Day春联 spring couplets庙会 temple fair爆竹 firecracker年画(traditional) New Year pictures 压岁钱 New Year gift—money舞龙dragon dance元宵 sweet sticky rice dumplings花灯 festival lantern灯谜 lantern riddle舞狮 lion dance踩高跷 stilt walking赛龙舟 dragon boat race胡同hutong山东菜 Shandong cuisine川菜 Sichuan cuisine粤菜 Canton cuisine扬州菜 Yangzhou cuisine月饼 moon cake年糕 rice cake油条 deep-fried dough sticks豆浆 soybean milk馒头 steamed buns花卷 steamed twisted rolls包子 steamed stuffed buns北京烤鸭 Beijing roast duck拉面 hand—stretched noodles馄饨 wonton (dumplings in soup)豆腐 tofu? bean curd麻花 fried dough twist烧饼 clay oven rolls皮蛋 100—year egg; century egg蛋炒饭 fried rice with egg糖葫芦 tomatoes on sticks火锅hot pot长城 the Great Wall of China烽火台 beacon tower秦士台皇陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang 兵马俑 Terracotta Warriors and Horses大雁塔 Big Wild Goose Pagoda丝绸之路the Silk Road敦煌莫高窟Mogao Grottoes华清池 Huaqing Hot Springs五台山”Wutai Mountain九华山 Jiuhua Mountain蛾眉山Mount Emei泰山 Mount Tai(完整)英语四六级段落翻译常用词汇:中国社会历史文化详解黄山 Mount Huangshan; the Yellow Mountain故宫 the Imperial Palace天坛 the Temple of Heaven午门 Meridian Gate大运河 Grand Canal护城河the Moat回音壁Echo Wall居庸关 Juyongguan Pass九龙壁 the Nine Dragon Wall黄帝陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi十三陵 the Ming Tombs苏州园林 Suzhou gardens西湖 West Lake九寨沟 Jiuzhaigou Valley日月潭 Sun Moon Lake布达拉宫Potala Palace鼓楼 drum tower四合院 quadrangle; courtyard complex孔庙 Confucius Temple乐山大佛 Leshan Giant Buddha十八罗汉 the Eighteen Disciples of the Buddha喇嘛Lama。
大学英语四级中译英技巧讲解(超详细!绝对有用!)
解析3 解析
通读全句,考查点是谓语动词和多重定 语,以及固定搭配。本句包含的信息比 较广;首先,“没能够做到某事”对应 的英语表达是fail to do sth.;其次, “没能做到的事情”是“提供事实”, 即supply facts;第三,“与案件有关 的”relevant to the case则是定语, 修饰“事实”;而“正在讨论(中)的” 则是“案件”的定语,对应的英语词组 是in question;这部分因此应翻译成 failed to supply the facts relevant to the case in question。
解析 5
本句已经给出情态动词can,“很难”可以使 用hardly这一副词, “达到某人的期 望”live up to someone’s expectations; “因为父母们要求太多”可以使用一个as引导 的状语从句,即as their parents ask for too much;所以这个句子可以翻译为 hardly live up to the expectations of their parents as their parents ask for too much。 注意,状语从句中的their parents 无须用 they替换,这是因为如果替换成they的话,既 可以指主句中的主语many children,也可以 指状语从句中的their parents,容易误解。
3.
Contrary to our expectation, he ______________________________ _____(没能够提供与正在辩论的案件 有关的事实).
failed to supply the facts relevant to the case in question
英语四六级语法常用现象及翻译真题解析 CET4&CET6
2012年6月1.Those flowers looked as if they hadn’t been watered for quite a longtime.As if 的用法:通常都要用虚拟语气,表示与现在的情况相反;但表示的情况是事实或极有可能是事实是则用陈述句语气。
有关情态动词的语法:情态动词 (Model Verbs) 又称为情态助动词 (Model Auxil-iaries).英语中助动词主要有两类:一是基本助动词,如have, do, be;二是情态助动词,如may, must, need等.情态动词与其他动词连用表示说话人的语气.情态动词可表达建议,要求,可能和意愿等.情态动词没有人称和数的变化.在大学英语四,六级考试中,情态动词部分重点测试以下内容:(1)情态动词+行为动词完成式(2)情态动词+行为动词进行式(3)情态动词+行为动词完成进行式(4)某些情态动词的特殊用法一,情态动词+行为动词完成式情态动词+行为动词完成式即"情态动词+ have + v-ed分词",表示对过去行为或动作进行推测,评论或判断.1. must have v-edmust have v-ed 表示推测过去某事"一定"发生了.其否定形式为:can't / couldn't have v-ed, 表示过去不可能发生某事.例如:1) Since the ditch is full of water, it must have rained last night.2) You couldn't have met my grandmother. She died before you were born.2. could have v-edcould have v-ed 表示推测过去某动作"很可能"发生了.例如:1)"The dictionary has disappeared. Who could have taken it?"2)"Tom could have taken it. He was alone yesterday."3.may / might have v-edmay / might have v-ed 表示推测过去某事"也许"发生了.may 比might 表示的可能性在说话人看来稍大些.例如:I can't find my keys. I may / might have left them at the school yesterday.4. ought to / should have v-ed 和 ought not to / shouldn't have v-edought to / should have v-ed 和 ought not to / shouldn't have v-ed 用于对已发生的情况表示"责备","不满",分别表示"本应该…"和"本不应该…".例如:1) With all the work finished, I should have gone to the party last night.2) You ought not to have made fun of him. He is not the one you laugh at but learn from.5. needn't have v-edneedn't have v-ed 表示过去做了某事,但没有做的必要, 意为"本没必要…".例如:You needn't have waken me up; I don't have to go to work today.注:表示推测过去某动作发生的可能性时,就表示的可能性程度而言,must最大,could其次,may更次之,might最小.例如:"I wonder how Tom knew about your past.""He must / could / may / might have heard of it from Mary." 二,情态动词+行为动词进行式情态动词+行为动词进行式(即情态动词+ be + v-ing形式),表示推测或评论某动作现在是否正在进行.例如:1) He must be playing basketball in the room.2) She may be staying at home.三,情态动词+行为动词完成进行式情态动词+行为动词完成进行式(即情态动词+ have been + v-ing 形式),表示推测或评论过去某动作是否正在进行或一直在进行.例如:1) They should have been meeting to discuss the problem.2) He may / might have been buying stamps in the post office when you saw him.四,某些情态动词的特殊用法1. need考试中主要测试 need 作情态动词与作实义动词的区别,对此,可参见表1.need 作情态动词时,后面跟不带to 的动词不定式,即 "need do".通常用在疑问句和否定句中,表示询问是否有"必要",其否定形式为needn't,表示"不必";疑问形式为Need … do 极少用于肯定句.例如:1) I don't think we need turn the light on at that time.2) Need you ride a bike to the school?真题:2011年6月Jane is tired of dealing with customer complaints and wishes that she______________________.(能被分配做另一项工作)2012年6月It is suggested that the air conditioner ______________.(要安装在窗户旁)should的型虚拟语气,表示主观愿望的词。
英语四六级翻译讲解
一、翻译什么时候做?
写作听力部分结束后,建议大家先做仔细阅读, 再做信息匹配,下一项就是翻译,最后做选词填空。 原则是先做分值高且容易得分的题,以求在有限的 考试时间内得到更多的分数。(采用这种做题顺序时 要注意答题卡不要填涂错位)翻译答题时间建议控制 在25分钟以内,至少要为阅读预留出5分钟时间。
五、句子解析
高铁列车的运行速度还将继续提升,更多的城市将修建高铁 站。高铁大大缩短了人们出行的时间。
The speed of the CRH (China Railway High-Speed) train will continue to increase and more cities will build highspeed rail stations, The CRH train has greatly reduced people's travel time.
中国目前拥有世界上最大最快的高速铁路网。高铁列车的运行速 度还将继续提升,更多的城市将修建高铁站。高铁大大缩短了人 们出行的时间。相对飞机而言,高铁列车的突出优势在于准时, 因为基本不受天气或交通管制的影响。高铁极大地改变了中国人 的生活方式。如今,它已经成了很多人商务旅行的首选交通工具。 越来越多的人也在假日乘高铁外出旅游。还有不少年轻人选择在 一个城市工作而在邻近城市居住,每天乘高铁上下班。
修饰1:流经不同的生态系统 travel across different kinds of ecosystems
修饰2:诸多濒危物种: numerous endangered animals
修饰3:中国五分十一的(土地):a fifth of the land in China
英语四级翻译附答案和讲解
英语四级翻译附答案和讲解英语四级翻译附答案和讲解1:在中国,琴(qin)是所有中国乐器中最令人尊敬的,它大约有5000年的历史。
早在战国时期的孔子时代,古琴(guqin)已成为才子们必弹的乐器。
古琴数千年来一直与才子(gifted scholar)们的生活密切相关。
他们弹奏古琴来表达自己的情感和梦想。
古琴甚至已经超越了音乐的范畴,成为了良好人格的象征。
大量古琴杰作被保存了下来,组成了中国音乐巨大的、有价值的音乐集锦。
参考翻译:In China, qin is the most respectable of all Chinese musical instruments,and it has a histoiy ofabout 5,000 years.As early as the age of Confucius in the Warring States Period, guqin hasalready been the must-play musical instrument for gifted scholars.Guqin is closely associatedwith life of gifted scholars for thousands of years.They play this instrument to express theiremotions and dreams.Guqin has even already surpassed the scope of music,and become thesymbol of good personality.A large number of guqin masterpieces were left,which form thehuge and valuable collection of Chinese music.1.在中国,琴是所有中国乐器中最令人尊敬的,它大约有5000年的历史:“最令人尊敬的”可译为themost respectable,respectable表示“值得尊敬的”respectful意为“对人尊敬的”,respected表示“受人尊敬的”;“有...的历史”可译为 have a histoiy of。
大学英语四六级翻译详解
➢have difficulty (in) doing sth 短语09年和06年都 有考
(2009年6月) Soon after he transferred to the new school, Ali found that he had much difficulty (in) catching up with his classmates (很难跟上班里的同学) in math and English.
➢“the +比较级,the + 比较级” 表示一方的程度随 着另一方的变化而变化。06年也有考查这一搭配。
4. (2006年6月) The more you explain, the more confused I am (我愈糊涂).
5. (2009年6月) It is said that those who are stressed or working overtime are more likely to put on weight (更有可能增加体重).
解析:本题考查It is suggested that结构中主语从句中 要用虚拟语气的用法,即should + 动词原形,should可 以省略。此处还要注意隐性被动。
4. (2006年6月) The professor required that we (should) hand
in our research report (我们交研究报告) by Wednesday.
解析:①request的用法。request v. 要求;当request 表示“要求”时,引导的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气,即 (should)+ 动词原形。②定语从句。“我借的书”, the book (that) I borrowed;
英语翻译技巧6大类解析(专业四八级、四六级通用)
英语专业四八级、大学英语四六级翻译技巧6大类解析一、确立主干确立主语1、避免主语机械对应这个地区雨比较多。
Itrains a lot in this area.2、方位词或时间词在主语位置山下住着一位老妇人。
Therelives an old lady at the foot of the mountain.3、用it做主语翻译主语是复合结构的汉语信不信是你的事。
It is your concern whether you believe me or not.最好是等他们回来。
It is advisable to wait till they come back.勤能补拙。
It is diligence that makes fordeficiency.2、确立谓语:英语的动词通常只能由某个动词或者系表结构担任。
在人际关系上我们不要太浪漫主义。
We shouldn't be too romantic about personal relationship.当他活着一天,总要尽量多工作、多学习,不肯虚度年华,不让时间白白地浪费掉。
As long as he is living, he always work and study as hard as possible, unwilling to dream hislife away, let alone waste even a single moment oflife.二、语序调整(1)定语的位置:英语中,单词充当定语时多为前置,短语和从句充当定语时多为后置。
钓鱼是一项能陶冶性情的运动,有益于身心健康。
Fishing is an outdoor sport that can cultivate your mind and it is good for your mentaland physical health.(2)状语的位置他是1970年5月20日在北京朝阳区出生的。
翻译题四六级真题答案及解析
翻译题四六级真题答案及解析一直是英语四六级考试中最难的一道题目,凭借着其综合能力的考察能力,我们可以通过了解学生在英语语法、词汇、句型、表达能力等各个方面的水平。
然而,由于的总分不高,有时候我们倾向于将其忽略。
因此,我们往往在备考时不够重视的训练。
但是,事实上,不仅在四级中出现频率高,在六级中也占有重要的位置。
为了给大家提供一些帮助,本文将为大家提供一道四级的参考答案和解析。
希望能对大家的备考提供一些帮助和启示。
以下是题目:"In order to achieve the goal of quality education, we should stick to the basic strategy of striking a balance among building better institutions, improving the quality of teaching and making education more accessible."参考译文及解析:为了实现优质教育的目标,我们应坚持在加强建设更好的机构、提高教学质量和提高教育可及性之间取得平衡的基本策略。
首先,本题的翻译要求不涉及具体的政治内容,而是要准确表达出原文的意思。
因此,我们在翻译时应该注重原意的传达,避免出现主观臆断或意思不准确的情况。
其次,在翻译过程中,我们可以将一些长句进行拆分,以保证翻译的准确性和流畅度。
比如,原文中的“building better institutions”可以翻译为“加强建设更好的机构”。
再次,注意使用适当的连词和语态。
这样能够使翻译更加准确和流畅。
比如,原文中的“building better institutions, improv ingthe quality of teaching and making education more accessible.” 可以翻译为“加强建设更好的机构、提高教学质量和提高教育可及性”。
英语四六级翻译技巧之词的翻译
外教一对一英语四六级翻译技巧之词的翻译1.词义选择所谓词义选择,是指词本来就有这个意思,问题是要我们将其在特定场合的正确意思选出来。
正确选词是保证译文质量的重要环节,如果能做到在词语意义和字面形式上都对等当然最好,如果不能兼顾,则取意义,舍形式。
越是普通的词,越是拥有繁多的释义和搭配,翻译过程中的词义也就越难以确定。
选词时,要注意词义的广狭、所处的语境、词义的褒贬和感情色彩。
例1原文:但通常每个家庭都会在除夕夜团聚,一起吃年夜饭。
译文:However, New Year's Eveis usually an occasion for Chinese families to gatherfor the annual reuniondinner.分析:“年夜饭”此处实际就是每年一度的团圆饭,为了让译文更符合英语国家的习惯,这里用的是annualreunion dinner,理解起来更容易。
例2原文:人们还会在门上粘贴红色的对联(couplets)……译文:And doors will be decorated with red couplets…分析:原文中“粘贴”的意思其实就是用对联装饰门窗,如果直译的话表达不出真实的意图,因此这里用了“decorate”,表意更直接。
2、词类转换词类转换是汉译英常用的一种手段。
汉语的动态性和具体性特点使其在语言运用上多用动词。
英语则因其静态性和抽象性特点在语言使用上呈现出名词化和介词化倾向。
在汉译英的过程中,适当转换词性,可以使泽文更符合英语表达习惯。
(1)动词→名词汉语巾动词使用比较频繁,而且动词既没有时态变化的约束,也没有谓语动词和非谓语动词的形式之分,动词甚至可以充当句子的各种成分。
相反,英语动词的使用受到形态变化规则的严格限制。
一个句子往往只有一个谓语动词,大量原来应该由动词表达的概念,常需借助于名词,因为名词比较不受形态规则变化的束缚,使用相对灵活、方便。
英语四六级考试译文笔记第1篇[学习]
英语作文写作及翻译老师笔记(四六级考试)1.为了保证每个学生的受教育权利,当地学校要满足有诵读困难的孩子的特殊教育需求。
receive education(2.受教育), local With a view to guaranteeing(1.为了保证)every student’s rights toschools need to meet the special educational needs(3.满足特殊教育需求)of the dyslexic(4.诵读困难的)children.1-with a view to (doing) something是一个固定表达,含义是“目的是,为了”with the aim of doing something 目的是,为了These measures have been taken with a view to increasing the company's profits.采取这些措施的目的是为了增加公司的利润。
外刊例句:Chelsea’s mission in the summer will be to strengthen further, adding morehigh-calibre players to an already capable squad, with a view to using this season’s success as a springboard to rejoining the European elite. (TheGuardian)可供替换的表达还有:in order to do something / with the aim of doing something注意:with a view to guaranteeing 不可以替换成with a view to protecting,因为protect的含义是to make sure that somebody/something is not harmed, injured, damaged, etc.本句是保证需求,因此protect不可与guarantee替换2-receive education是一个固定搭配,含义是“接受教育”,也可以写成get / have educationeducation[?ed.j?'ke?.??n]noun[S or U]ESSENTIAL■the process of teaching or learning in a school or college, or theknowledge that you get from this 教育;受教育获得的知识As a child he received most of his education at home.童年时他主要在家中接受教育。
四六级翻译中的常见语法错误解析
四六级翻译中的常见语法错误解析在英语四六级考试的翻译题中,语法错误是一个常见的问题。
考生在翻译过程中容易出现一些语法错误,这些错误可能会影响到整体的语义理解,因此需要引起考生的重视。
本文将分析四六级翻译中常见的语法错误,并给出解析。
介词错误介词是英语中一个非常重要的语法部分,但是很多考生在翻译时容易出现介词错误。
例如,考生可能会将介词"at"错误地翻译成"在",而实际上应该使用"在...上"或"在...处"。
同样地,考生也容易将"on"翻译成"在",而正确的翻译应该是"在...上"。
因此,在翻译中要特别关注介词的使用,并正确运用在句子中。
冠词错误冠词在英语中具有很重要的作用,但是考生在翻译中常常容易犯冠词错误。
例如,考生可能会将不定冠词"a"或"an"误用为定冠词"the",或者将定冠词"the"误用为不定冠词"a"或"an"。
这种错误会导致整个句子的语义发生变化,因此要特别注意冠词的正确使用。
时态错误时态是翻译中一个常见的问题,考生在翻译时容易出现时态错误。
例如,考生可能会将过去时态误用为现在时态,或者将现在时态误用为将来时态。
时态错误会导致句子的时间概念不准确,因此要特别注意在翻译时选择正确的时态。
主谓一致错误在英语中,主语和谓语动词需要保持一致。
然而,考生在翻译时常常出现主谓不一致的错误。
例如,考生可能会将单数主语所对应的动词形式误用为复数形式,或者将复数主语所对应的动词形式误用为单数形式。
这种错误会导致句子的逻辑关系混乱,因此需要特别注意主谓一致的问题。
语序错误语序是英语翻译中的一个非常重要的内容,考生在翻译时容易出现语序错误。
例如,考生可能会将中文的主语放在动词之后,或者将修饰词放在被修饰词之前。
大学英语四六级中国文化重点翻译
兵马俑Terra cotta army of the Qin Dynasty
青花瓷Blue and white porcelain
儒道佛Confucianism Daoism Buddhism
诸子百家the hundred schools of thought
Purpose of his teaching: to help his students acquire necessary skill to get into politics.因人施教
四书五经【The “Four Books”:
The Great Learning
The Doctrine of the Mean
《论语》The Analects of Confucius
《道德经》Classic of the way and virtue
四大发明Paper Making Printing Gunpowder Compass
四大名著 )三国:romance of the three kingdoms
水浒:water margin 西游:pilgrim to the west红楼:a dream of red mansions
three basic rules and five constant virtues (三纲五常)】
The five constant virtues: benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, and fidelity (仁、义、礼、智、信)
The doctrine of Four Noble Truths (四谛): life is suffering, the cause of suffering is sin, sin can be exterminated, and suffering can be alleviated by the right path of understanding, meditation and endeavour (following the Eight Right Ways八正道).
英语四六级考试(翻译)真题与答案解析
1四级真题四级真题1.The substance does not dissolve in water ________________(不管是否加热)。
whether (it is) heated or not2.Not only _______________(他向我收费过高),but he didn’t do a good repair job either. Not only did he charge me too much 或Not only did he overcharge me3. Your losses in trade this year are nothing ____________________(与我的相比)。
compared with mine 或 in comparison with mine4. On average, it is said, visitors spend only _____________________(一半的钱) in a day in Leeds as in London.5. By contrast, American mothers were more likely____________________ (把孩子的成功归因于) natural talent.to attribute/ascribe their children’s success to6 Having spent some time in the city, he had no trouble ______(找到去历史博物馆的路). finding the way to the history museum7 __________(为了挣钱供我上学), Mother often takes on more work than is good for her. In order to support my university studies (或:to finance my education ;to pay for my education/to pay my tuition fees )8 The professor required that __________________(我们交研究报告)。
四六级翻译练习题讲解及答案
[翻译技巧] 名师总结2011四六级考试翻译主要考点四级翻译部分为汉译英,共5个句子,一句一题,句长为15-30词,句中的一部分已用英文给出,考生需根据全句意思将汉语部分译成英语,考试时间5分钟。
翻译题重点考察考生对语法结构及常用英语表达习惯的掌握情况。
若考生语法功底较好且句型和词组储备丰富,那么此题不会太为难。
和作文相比,翻译虽只是个把句子,但来路不明难以猜测。
作文尚可背诵模板以备执笔急需之用,而翻译则全无,它微小零星却锋利难防,并将考生模板式作文的画皮扯下,暴露其撰句能力的真实面目,所以令人可畏。
根据近几年的翻译真题来看,针对某项语法重复考察率比较高,所以对曾经考察过的语法点依然不可松懈。
下面所提一些重点语法工程,并提出一些建议,希望对大家的备考有所帮助。
(1)句型以及其倒装使用2008年6月翻译真题第91题:__________________________(直到他完成使命)did he realize that he was seriously ill. (Key:Not until he accomplished / finished the mission )建议:以此类推,掌握如下常用句型(以倒装方式给出)Not only ……..but also……So ( Such )…that……..Not until……….Neither…..nor……..Hardly …..when……..No sooner ……than…….Only by /through /in …., …………..例:Not only __________ (他向我收费过高)but he didn’t do a good repair. (key:did he charge me too much)(2)从句a. 定语从句2008年12月翻译真题第87题:Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems _________________(他们至今还没有答案) (Key :which/that they haven’t found answers to)b. 状语从句真题中出现过如if 条件状语从句(2007 年6月第91题),no matter引导的让步状语从句(2007年12月第89题和2008年6月第89题)建议:关于定语从句,到目前为止所考察的均为关系代词which/ that等所引导的,所以考生需额外留意关系副词where/ when/how 所引导的定语从句。
四六级常用英语单词
四六级常用英语单词一、abundant /əˈbʌndənt/-解析:意为“丰富的;充裕的”。
通常用来形容资源、物产等数量很多。
-例句:The country is abundant in natural resources.(这个国家自然资源丰富。
)二、acquire /əˈkwaɪə(r)/-解析:“获得;取得”。
可以指通过努力、学习、购买等方式得到某物。
-例句:He acquired a good knowledge of French during his stay in Paris.(他在巴黎期间学会了很好的法语。
)三、adverse /ˈædvɜːs; ədˈvɜːs/-解析:“不利的;有害的”。
常用来描述情况、条件等对某人或某事不利。
-例句:The adverse weather conditions made the journey very difficult.(恶劣的天气状况使旅途变得非常艰难。
)四、beneficial /ˌbenɪˈfɪʃl/-解析:“有益的;有利的”。
强调对某人或某事有好处。
-例句:Regular exercise is beneficial to health.(经常锻炼对健康有益。
)五、compatible /kəmˈpætəbl/-解析:“兼容的;能共处的”。
可以用来形容人、事物之间能够和谐相处或配合使用。
-例句:The new software is compatible with older versions.(这个新软件与旧版本兼容。
)六、consistent /kənˈsɪstənt/-解析:“一致的;始终如一的”。
表示行为、观点等前后一致。
-例句:His actions are consistent with his words.(他言行一致。
)七、diverse /daɪˈvɜːs/-解析:“不同的;多种多样的”。
强调多样性。
四六级翻译句子经典
第九章翻译(Translation)第一节翻译的题型特点.一、题型特点四级汉译英包括5个句子,每句长度大约在15-30词之间。
句子的一部分已用英文给出,要求考生根据所给汉语意思完成整个句子。
此部分所占分值比例为5%,考试时间为5分钟。
二、测试重点汉译英主要测试考生对英语基本语法及重点词汇,短语及句型的掌握。
在这一章主要介绍重点语法知识和句式。
第二节翻译的答题策略和技巧一、重点句型1.虚拟语气(1)If条件句中A.与现在的事实相反:If + were/did…,… + would do…【例句】If I were you,I would marry him.如果我是你,就会嫁给他。
B.与过去的事实相反:If + had done…,…+would have done…【例句】If you had worked hard,you would have passed the exam。
如果你用功学习,就会通过考试了。
C.与将来的事实可能相反:If …+ should do…,…+ would do…【例句】If it should rain tomorrow,what would you do?如果明天下雨,你怎么办?(2)在动词suggest, order, demand, propose, command, request, desire, insist, require, decide, promise, resolve, argue, maintain, determine, recommend,advise, advocate, persuade等表示“命令”、“建议”、“要求”动词后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气should+动词原形,should可以省略。
如果上述动requirement, suggestion, idea, recommendation, request, plan, 等名词后的主语从句或表语从句中,使用虚拟语气should+动词原形,should 可以省略。
大学英语四六级翻译新题型精讲
大学英语四六级翻译新题型精讲目录大学英语四六级翻译新题型精讲 (1)Unit 1 无主句 (2)①被动语态 (3)②增添主语 (4)③动词短语 (5)④特殊句型 (6)Unit 2主语的选择 (8)①名词特性 (8)②搭配合理 (8)③主题突出 (9)④注意尾重 (10)⑤注意连贯 (11)Unit 3 时态语态 (13)动词的时态 (13)动词的语态 (16)Unit 1 无主句E C①形合意合冬天到了,春天还远吗?If winter comes, can spring be far behind?C→E 合E C②静态动态…that we here highly resolve that these dead shall nothave died in vain--that this nation, under God, shall havea new birth of freedom--and that government of thepeople, by the people, for the people, shall not perishfrom the earth.E C③省略重复moral graveHistories make men wise;poets witty;the mathematics subtle;natural philosophy deep;moral grave;logic and rhetoric able to contend.E C④前重心后重心不是每一次努力都会有收获,但是,每一次收获都必须努力,这是一个不公平的不可逆转的命题。
(张爱玲)It is an unfair yet irreversible truth that not every effort is rewarded yet every rewardrequires effort.坚持保护环境的基本国策,深入实施可持续发展战略;坚持预防为主、综合治理,全面推进、重点突破,着力解决危害人民群众健康的突出环境问题;坚持创新体制机制,依靠科技进步,强化环境法治,发挥社会各方面的积极性。
四六级翻译技巧汉译英
四六级翻译技巧汉译英四六级考试的翻译部分考察的是考生的翻译能力,要求考生从中文到英文进行翻译。
在解答翻译题时,需要考生具备一定的翻译技巧和方法,本文将介绍一些四六级翻译的技巧和注意事项。
1.了解语境:翻译前需要对句子的语境进行了解,包括句子前后的内容以及整个文章的大意。
只有了解了语境,才能准确把握句子的意思。
2.注意词语的搭配:英语中有很多固定的词语搭配,翻译时需要注意词语的正确搭配。
可以通过查阅词典或者翻译软件来确认词语的正确搭配。
3.避免逐字翻译:中英文的表达方式存在一定的差异,所以在翻译时要避免逐字逐句的翻译,要根据中文的意思选择合适的英文表达方式。
4.控制句子的长度:英文中有很多短语和定语从句,所以在翻译时要尽量控制句子的长度,避免句子过长而导致理解困难。
5.注意语法结构:中英文的语法结构有很大的差异,所以在翻译时要注意语法的正确性,避免出现语法错误。
6.避免使用中式英语:中式英语是指将中文的思维方式和表达方式直接用于英文中,这样的翻译方式会导致英文表达不准确。
所以在翻译时要避免使用中式英语。
1.注意时态的转换:中英文的时态表达方式不同,所以在翻译时要根据句子意思选择正确的时态。
2.确保词义准确:中英文的词语有时存在多义性,在翻译时要确保词义的准确性,避免歧义。
3.确保句子通顺:翻译的句子应该通顺、流畅,符合英文的表达习惯。
4.注意大小写和标点符号的使用:英文中有很多规定的大小写和标点符号的使用,需要考生在翻译时注意遵守这些规定。
5.涉及固定搭配时要准确无误地表达:英文有很多固定的搭配用法,翻译时要准确地表达这些搭配,避免直译。
总结来说,四六级翻译需要考生具备一定的翻译技巧和方法,在翻译时要注意语境、词语搭配、句子长度、语法结构等方面,避免逐字翻译、中式英语的使用,同时还要注意时态的转换、词义的准确性、句子的通顺以及大小写和标点符号的使用等问题。
通过掌握这些翻译技巧和注意事项,考生可以提高翻译的准确性和流畅性,更好地完成四六级考试的翻译部分。
四六级翻译技巧及常考词汇汇总
四六级翻译技巧及常考词汇汇总一、英语四级段落翻译4大题型翻译技巧翻译,是指在准确通顺的基础上,把一种语言信息转变成另一种语言信息的活动。
那么翻译有没有什么技巧呢?怎样翻译出来的文章能够更地道呢?很多同学都认为四级翻译最重要的是词汇,我们不能否认四级翻译中词汇的重要性,但是最重要的还应该是句式。
一个好的句式能瞬间提升阅卷老师的印象,分数提高一个档次。
下面我们就结合例题来为大家讲解一下。
1.四级段落翻译技巧:修饰后置例题:•做秘书是一份非常复杂的需要组织、协调和沟通能力的工作。
Being a secretary is a very complex job which needs the ability to organize, coordinate and communicate.分析:本句中“非常复杂的需要组织、协调和沟通能力”是修饰工作的,所以修饰部分放在后面用which引导定语从句。
同学们在备考时也要注意,不要逐字翻译进行单词的罗列,一定注意句式分开层次。
2.四级段落翻译技巧:插入语插入语一般对一句话作一些附加的说明。
它是中学英语(课程)语法的重点,也是高考(课程)的考点。
通常与句中其它部分没有语法上的联系,将它删掉之后,句子结构仍然完整。
插入语在句中有时是对一句话的一些附加解释、说明或总结;有时表达说话者的态度和看法;有时起强调的作用;有时是为了引起对方的注意;还可以起转移话题或说明事由的作用;也可以承上启下,使句子衔接得更紧密一些。
•插入语真题重现:•中国结(the Chinese knot)最初是由手工艺人发明的,经过数百年不断的改进,已经成为一种优雅多彩的艺术和工艺。
•The Chinese knot, originally invented by craftsman, has become an elegant and colorful art and craft after hundred years of improvement.分析:本句中“最初是由手工艺人发明的”是对中国结的补充说明,将它删掉之后主句依然完整,故在译文中将其作为插入语。
四六级翻译技巧
1、词类转换英语语言的一个很重要的特点,就是词类变形和词性转换,尤其是名词、动词、形容词之间的转换.[例]她的书给我们的印象很深.译文:Her book impressed us deeply.批注:在这里汉语中的名词需转化成英语中的动词"impress".2、语态转换语态分为被动语态和主动语态,汉语中主动语态出现频率较高,而与之相反,姆此中被动语态的使用率较高.因此考生在译时.要注意语态之间的转换.[例]这个小女孩在上学的路上受了伤.译文:The little girl was hurt on her way to school.批注:这里,“受了伤〞的主动语态转换为"was hurt"的被动语态.3、正反表达正反表达翻逢可以分为两种情况:1.汉语从正面表达时,英语从反面表达.小编简称为“汉正英反〞.2.汉语从反面表达时,译文从正面表达.小编简称为“汉反英正〞.[例]他的演讲不充实.译文:His speech is pretty thin.批注:以上用法属于“汉反英正〞的用法.4、语序变换为了适应英文的修辞防止歧义,有时需要对原文的语序进行调整.5、增词法在译段落时.为了能充分的表达原文含义,以求达意,译时有必要增加词语来使英文的表达更加顺畅.[例]虚心使人进步,骄傲使人落后.译文:Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind.批注:中间加上了增连词whereas, 以使西吐的句子表达更加有逻辑性.6、减词法英语的表达倾向简洁.汉语比拟喜欢重复.重复,作为一种汉语修辞方法, 在某种场合下,重复的表达一个意思,是为了强调,增强语气.为了有更强的节奏感和押韵,汉语中也经常会出现排比句.考生在译这些句子时,为了符合英文表达的逻辑,就要有所删减或省略.[例]这是革命的春天,这是人民的春天,这是科学的春天!让我们张开双臂,热烈拥抱这个春天吧!译文:Let us stretch out our arms to embrace the spring, which is one of the revolution, of the people, and of science.批注:如遇到重复的汉语排比句,汉译英时记得遵守其正的逻辑表达,用定语从句来fW,使英文句子读起来也朗朗上口.四六级译中最常用到的就是分句法与合句法,下面我们重点来讲解一下这两个方法. 很多情况下,译句子的时候.需要调整原来的句子结构,分句法和合句法是调整原文句子的两种重要的方法.所谓分句法就是把原文的一个简单句译为两个或两个以上的句子.所谓合句法就是把原文两个或两个以上的简单句或一个复合句译成一个单句.7、合句法把汉语内容关系密切的两个句子甚至更多句子合译为英语的一句就是合句译法.翻逢时,既可以合译为一个主从句,也可合译为成分较为复杂 (如包含非谓语动词等)的简单句.其优点在于不仅用词不多,而且句子显得流畅.合句译法的方法主要有:(1)在关联词处合译[例]每去一次,我的药量就减少一些,最后医生告诉我说,不必再服药了.With each visit ) the dose of medicine prescribed to mewould be progressively reduced until the time came when the doctor said that I would no longer need them.这句话的后半局部表示的是结果,在译时用一个定语从句the time came when the doctor said thatIwould no longer need them 将其连接起来.(2)按内容连贯合译[例]老年人有长处,但也有很大的弱点,老年人容易固执,因此老年人也要有点自觉性.Old people have strengths but also great weaknesses--they tend to be stubborn ) for example--and they should be aware of that.原文的几个短句可被分为两个局部, 后面一局部补充说明前面一局部的“弱点〞.使用破折号可以简单明了地表达出补充说明的关系.(3)从主语变换处合译[例]不注意眼睛的休息,长时间近距离用眼或长期的不正确姿势,会使人眼处于视疲劳状态,进而形成近视眼.If they are used for a long time without rest ) or kept close to the object or with your body in an improper posture , your eyes will be in a stateof visual fatigue ) which will gradually lead to nearsightedness.8、分句法汉译英时,需要分译的句子多数是长句,或者是结构复杂的复句.这种句10子如果译成一个长句,就会使译文冗长、累赘、意思表达不清楚,也不符合英文习惯.如果采用分译,那么会使译文简洁、易懂、层次清楚.(1)从主语变换处断句[例]与会者对这个问题的观点差异太大,以致发生了争吵,一时会场的气氛紧张起来.The opinions of the attendants about this issue were far from unanimous so that some of them began to quarrel with each other.The atmosphere at the11 meeting became tense at the moment.(2)从关联词(如转折处)断句[例]昨天出了好几起交通事故,或许是由于有大雾的缘故吧!There were several traffic accidents yesterday.Maybe it is because of the heavy fog.(3)从意义完整、独立处断句[例]一转眼,20年就这样过去了, 回首往事,是幸福,还是惆怅,恐怕连自己也难以搞清.12Twenty years has elapsed in the twinkling of an eye.When looking back, I ' m afraid that we won ' t know what we can find in the past ) happiness or sadness(4)原文出现总说或分述时要断句[例]我们恢复和采取这些贸易方式的原因很简单:由于我们出口商品就是为了我们国外客户的需要.The reason why we have restored and adopted these trade practices is very simple.13Our export commodities are for the use and consumption of our foreign customers.(5)为了强调语气而采用断句[例]我们主张对我国神圣领土台湾实行和平统一,有关的政策,也是众所周知和不会改变的,并且正在深入全中华民族的心坎.We want peaceful reunification with Taiwan which is part of our sacred territory.Our policyin this regard is also known to all and will not change.The desire for peaceful reunification of the14 motherland is taking hold in the hearts of the entire Chinese nation.面列举了30个常用的句型,路过的童鞋们快来看看是否已经掌握了呢?1)It is + 形容词 + thatIt is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.可想而知,知识在我们的一生中扮演着一个重要的角色.2)It is + 形容词 + to do/ doing15She had said what it was necessary to say.她已经说了一切有必要说的话.3)祈使句/名词+ and/ orWork hard, and you will finally be able to reach your destination.努力工作,你就能实现自己的目标.4) as+many/ much +名词 + asIt is said that visitors spend only half as much money in a day in Leeds as in London.16 据说,游客每天在利兹的花销仅为在伦敦的一半.5〕倍数词+ as +形容词+ asThe reservoir is three times as big as it was ten years ago. 这个水库的面积是十年前三倍. 6〕倍数词+ more +名词/形容词十than Smoking is so harmful to personal health that it kills seven times more people each year than automobile accidents.17吸烟对人体健康的危害极大,每年死于吸烟的人比死于车祸的人多七倍.7)〔not〕 as/ so…as 〔和....... 〔不〕一样〕The environmental problems are not as serious as they suggested in their report.环境问题没有他们在报告中说得那么严重.8)no more...than 〔与 ....... ——样不〕She is no more fit to be a manager than a schoolgirl would be.18 一个女学生固然不宜当经理,她也同样不宜.9)Nothing is more...than 〔没有比……更……的;……是最……的〕Nothing is more important than to receive education.没有比接受教育更重要的事.10〕感官动词+ of+名词They hurriedly escaped into a cave that smelt of terror.他们仓皇地逃人一个充满恐怖气氛的山洞.1911)without/ not so much as〔甚至没有)Disappointed with her husband ) Mary lefthome without so much as looking back at him 出于对丈夫的失望,玛丽离开了家, 甚至都没有回头看他一眼.12)may/ might as well (…as)(与其……还不如……)One may as well not know a thing at all as know but imperfectly.与其一知半解还不如彻底蒙在鼓里.2013)too...to 〔太....... 而不能极其地〕It was not too bright of them to settle in an area where earthquakes frequently occur.他们选择在地震多发的地区定居,这可不是个明智的决定.14)only to find/ see 〔结果却;没想到会〕He spent almost all his money to buy the hen which was said to be able to lay gold eggs, only to find it could not lay eggs at all.21为了买那只据说能下金蛋的母鸡,他几乎倾家荡产,没想到这只鸡根本不会下蛋. 15)It is undoubted that/ There is no doubt that 〔毫无疑问, 〕There is no doubt that war can be avoided if we get down to peace talk.毫无疑问,如果我们肯认真和谈就能防止战争.16)rather than 〔而不是... 〕22Rather than pursue money to achieve happiness )weshould focus on the improvement of ourselves.我们应该集中精力改善自我,而不是追求金钱的享乐.17)not... until (直到 .......... 才)We can t release the film until we have theapproval from the authority concerned.直到获得有关当局的批准我们才能发行那部电影.18)so/ such (…)that (如此♦…以至于)23With the rumor spreading fast, their anxiety was such that they could not sleep/they became so anxious that they could not sleep.在谣言迅速散播的情况下,他们焦虑异常,无法人睡.19)(The) chances are that (很巨能……) Chances are that she has already known it, and there is no need for us to keep the secret.她很可能已经知道了,所以我们没有必要再保守这个秘密.2420)It occurred to sb. that然想到・・・・・・)It had never occurred toCinderella she would become a princess someday.辛德瑞拉从来没有想到她会成为一位王妃.21)not…but... (不是.... 而是……)To our disappointment, the plan caused not development but destruction.25 让我们失望的是,这个方案带来的不是进步而是破坏.〔突22)It is taken for granted that 〔……被认为是理所当然的〕It has been taken for granted that women should take on all the housework.多年来人们一直认为女性做家务是理所当然的.23)It is/ was said that 〔据说〕It is said that man is the least biologically determined species of all because he possesses26features absent in other natural species.据说人类是生物学上最难归类的物种,由于人类拥有其他天然物种所缺乏的特性. 24)When it comes to... 〔提及,当提到... 的时候〕When it comes to physics, I know nothing.谈到物理学,我一无所知.25)be not much of a... 〔是个不太好的... 〕27Mike is not much of a teacher for he often skips from one subject to another.麦克不是个好老师,由于他总是从一 个话题跳转到另一个话题.26) As far as sb. /sth. is concerned (就 MW, 在来)As far as I am concerned, fashion belongs to women.在我看来,时尚是属于女性的.Shakespeare is not only a great playwright but also a brilliant poet.27) not only...but 而且 .... )also (不但 28莎士比亚不仅是一位伟大的剧作家而且是一位才华横溢的诗人.28)(n) either...(n) or... (既不……也不……;或者……或者……)Liking neither the story nor the background music, he fell asleep in the cinema.他既不喜欢故事情节也不喜欢背景音乐,所以在电影院里睡着了.2929)no sooner than/ hardly when/ scarcely when 〔刚 .............. 就 ... 〕I had hardly opened the door when he rushedin.我刚开门他就冲进来了.30)the more ・・ the more 〔越..... 越... 〕The faster a country ' s economy develops, the slower its population grows.一个国家的经济开展越快,它的人口增长就越慢.30。