延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换
延续性动词及非延续性动词
持续性动词与非持续性动词及其变换动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为持续性动词与非持续性动词。
一.持续性动词表示能够持续的动作 ,如： learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。
持续性动词能够与表示时间段的状语连用。
表示时间段的短语有 :for+一段时间 ,如：for 2 years，for a long time; since 从句 , 如： since he came here; since+时间点名词 , 如： since last year, since 5 days ago; how long等。
请看例句has lived here for 6 years.请看例句can keep the book for 5 days.请看例句stayed there for 2 weeks last year.请看例句long did you stay there last year请看例句brother has joined the army for two years ．（误）My brother has been a soldier for two years .（正）我哥哥自 1999 年就从军了。
请看例句brother has joined the army since 1999．（误）My brother has been a soldier since 1999(正)你哥哥从军多久了请看例句long has your brother joined the army （误）How long has your brother been a soldier（正）二.非持续性动词也称停止性动词、瞬时动词或点动词 ,表示不可以持续的动作 ,这类动作发生后立刻结束。
连续性动词与非连续性动词及其转换[整理版]
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延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。
一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。
延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。
表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间,for 2 years; since从句,since he came here; since+时间点名词,since last year, since 5 days ago; how long; for a long time等。
二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。
如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。
非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：two years ago; at 5 o'clock;否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。
三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：leave --- be away, borrow --- keep, buy --- have, begin/start --- be on, die --- be dead, finish --- be over, join --- be in+组织机构, be a member of+组织机构, open sth --- keep sth open, fall ill --- be ill, get up---be up, catch a cold --- have acold, come here --- be here, go there --- be there, become --- be, come back --- be back, fall asleep --- be asleep, get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in), leave --- be away from, get to know --- know, go (get) out →be out，put on→ wear；catch a cold →have a cold等。
延续与延续性动词转换
延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。
一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。
延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。
表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间,for 2 years; since从句,since he came here; since+时间点名词,since last year, since 5 days ago; how long; for a long time等。
二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。
如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。
非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：two years ago; at 5 o'clock;否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。
三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：leave --- be away, borrow --- keep, buy --- have, begin/start --- be on, die --- be dead, finish --- be over, join --- be in+组织机构, be a member of+组织机构, open sth --- keep sth open, fall ill --- be ill, get up---be up, catch a cold --- have a cold, come here --- be here, go there --- be there, become --- be, come back --- be back, fall asleep --- be asleep, get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in), leave --- be away from, getto know --- know, go (get) out →be out，put on→wear；catch a cold →have a cold等。
现在完成时英语延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换
中考英语延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。
一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。
延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。
表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间,for 2 years; since从句,since he came here; since+时间点名词,since last year, since 5 days ago; how long; for a long time等。
例:He has lived here for 6 years. You can keep the book for 5 days.I stayed there for 2 weeks last year. How long did you stay there last year二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束不能与时间段连用。
如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。
如果要与时间段连用，就把它转为延续性动词使用。
非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：two years ago; at 5 o'clock;例:He died 5 years ago.但否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。
例:I haven't left here for 3 years. I haven't heard from him for 3 weeks.三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：leave --- be away, borrow --- keep, buy --- have, begin/start --- be on, die --- be dead, finish--- be over, join --- be in+组织机构, be a member of+组织机构, open---be open, close--- be closed fall ill --- be ill, get up---be up, catch a cold --- have a cold, come here --- be here, go there --- be there, become --- be, come back --- be back, fall asleep --- be asleep, get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in), leave --- be away, go (get) out →be out，put on→ wear get married ---- be married 等。
英语延续动词与非延续动词的转换
英语延续动词与非延续动词的转换动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。
一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。
延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。
表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间,for 2 years; since从句,since he came here; since+时间点名词,since last year, since 5 days ago; how long; for a long time等。
例:He has lived here for 6 years. You can keep the book for 5 days. I stayed there for 2 weeks last year. How long did you stay there last year?二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。
如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。
非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：two years ago; at 5 o'clock;例:He died 5 years ago.否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。
例:I haven't left here for 3 years. I haven't heard from him for 3 weeks.三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：leave --- be away, borrow --- keep, buy --- have, begin/start --- be on, die --- be dead, finish --- be over, join --- be in+组织机构, be a member of+组织机构, open sth --- keep sth open, fall ill --- be ill, get up---be up, catch a cold --- have a cold, come here --- be here, go there --- be there, become --- be, come back --- be back, fall asleep --- be asleep, get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in), leave --- be away from, get to know --- know, go (get) out →be out，put on→wear；catch a cold →have a cold 等。
延续动词与非延续动词的转换
1.直接用延续性动词买buy– have 借borrow/lend—keep 患感冒catch(get) a cold –have a cold 来去成为come/go /become—be 穿上put on—wear fall ill—be ill2.转换成be+名词join—be a member of+组织机构入党join the Party –be a Party member参军join the army – be a soldier 上学go to school– be a student ,3转换成be+形容词或副词死die—be dead 完成结束finish – be over 开始begin/start—be on走离开leave/go—be away 入睡fall asleep – be asleep 关close – be closed开open---be open 起床get up—be up 结束finish — be over到这come here— be here 去那go there— be there 回来come back —be back 到达get to/ arrive/reach — be (in) 结婚marry —be married4.转换成be+介词短语join— be in--- +组织机构join the army – be in the armygo to school– be in school1.直接用延续性动词买buy– have 借borrow/lend—keep 患感冒catch(get) a cold –have a cold 来去成为come/go /become—be 穿上put on—wear fall ill—be ill2.转换成be+名词join—be a member of+组织机构入党join the Party –be a Party member参军join the army – be a soldier 上学go to school– be a student ,3转换成be+形容词或副词死die—be dead 完成结束finish – be over 开始begin/start—be on走离开leave/go—be away 入睡fall asleep – be asleep 关close – be closed开open---be open 起床get up—be up 结束finish — be over到这come here— be here 去那go there— be there 回来come back —be back 到达get to/ arrive/reach — be (in) 结婚marry —be married4.转换成be+介词短语join— be in--- +组织机构join the army – be in the armygo to school– be in school。
延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换
延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。
一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。
延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。
表示时间段的短语有: ⑴for+一段时间, 如：for 2 years; ⑵since从句, 如since he came here; since+过去时间点名词, 如since last year, since 5 days ago。
例: He has lived here for 6 years. You can keep the book for 5 days.二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词, 表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。
如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。
非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：two years ago; at 5 o'clock;例:He died 5 years ago.三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：（考试重点，学生易错。
）例：He left five minutes ago. = He has been away for five minutes.这句话的意思是指他离开的动作是5分钟之前发生的，是过去时。
就是说从他离开到现在已经有五分钟了，这个动作是延续的，要用现在完成时，并且要把原来的短暂性动词改为延续性动词。
一些短暂性动词及相应的延续性动词：arrive（get to /reach）→ be here (in) begin(start) → be on die → be dead come here（back）→be here（back）leave → be away (from) fall ill(sick, asleep)→be ill(sick, asleep) get up→ be up go/ get out（there）→ be out（there）finish → be over put on → wear 或be onopen → be open（keep sth open）join → be in或be a member of…+组织机构close → be closed go to school → be a studentborrow →keep buy/get →have catch(a cold) → have(a cold) get to know → know begin to study → studycome to work → work move to → live infinish/end → be over come to → be insit down → be seated marry → be marrieddress → be dressed become → be。
现在完成时英语延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换
中考英语延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。
一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。
延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。
例二.go,例here for 3 years. I haven't heard from him for 3 weeks.三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：leave --- be away, borrow --- keep, buy --- have, begin/start --- be on, die --- be dead, finish --- be over, join --- be in+组织机构, be a member of+组织机构, open---be open, close--- be closed fall ill --- be ill, get up---be up, catch a cold --- havea cold, come here --- be here, go there --- be there, become --- be, come back --- be back, fall asleep --- be asleep, get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in), leave --- be away, go (get) out →be out，put on→wear get married ---- be married 等。
例:The old man died 4 years ago. ----The old man has been dead for 4for 1.3.4.5.You mustn't ________ until he comes back.A. be awayB. leaveC. be left6.The meeting _______ for a week now.A. has finishedB. has endedC. has been over7.Miss Gao ______ this school for nearly 5 years.A. has been inB. has come toC. has taught8.Ben ______ a teacher for 4 years .A. has beenB. has becomeC. wasD. became9. I ______ home for a week.A. have returnedB. have been backC. returnedA. has stoppedB. stoppedC. has been18.He ________ foe 2 hours.A. got upB. has got upC. has been up19. Tom is ill in hospital. He _______ a cold for several days.A. isB. catchesC. has caughtD. has had20.----- How long can I ______ the book? ------ Two weeks.A. borrowB. lendC. getD. keep。
延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换
延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换介绍：动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。
概念：表示动作一发生即告结束的动词叫终止性动词表示持续一段时间的动词叫持续性动词（注：这种依据动作是否可以延续的分类在英语中是一种极其重要而又非常有价值的，使用时一定要格外小心，不然就会犯错误。
）一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。
延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。
表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间,for 2 years;since从句,since he came here;since+时间点名词,since last year, since 5 days ago;how long; for a long time等。
例: He has lived here for 6 years.You can keep the book for 5 days.I stayed there for 2 weeks last year.How long did you stay there last year?二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。
如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。
非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：two years ago; at 5 o'clock;例:He died 5 years ago.否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。
例:I haven't left here for 3 years. I haven't heard from him for 3 weeks.三.常见的非延续性动词与延续性动词之间的转换：leave --- be away, borrow --- keep,buy --- have, begin/start --- be on,die --- be dead, finish --- be over,open sth --- keep sth open, fall ill --- be ill,get up---be up, catch a cold --- have a cold, come here --- be here, go there --- be there,become --- be, come back --- be back,fall asleep --- be asleep, get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in), leave --- be away from, get to know --- know,go (get) out →be out，put on→ wear；catch a cold →have a cold等。
延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换-参考模板
延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。
一. 延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。
延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。
表示时间段的短语有: ⑴for+一段时间, 如：for 2 years; ⑵since从句, 如since he came here; since+过去时间点名词, 如since last year, since 5 days ago. 例:He has lived here for 6 years. You can keep the book for 5 days.二. 非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词, 表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。
如: open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。
非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：two years ago; at 5 o'clock;例: He died 5 years ago.三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：例：He left five minutes ago. = He has been away for five minutes.这句话的意思是指他离开的动作是5分钟之前发生的，是过去时。
也就是说从他离开到现在已经有五分钟了，这个动作是延续的，要用现在完成时，并且要把原来的短暂性动词改为延续性动词。
下面是一些短暂性动词及相应的延续性动词，须牢记。
leave --- be away, borrow --- keep, buy --- have,begin/start --- be on, die --- be dead, finish --- be over,join --- be in+组织机构, be a member of+组织机构,open sth --- keep sth open, fall ill --- be ill, get up---be up,catch a cold --- have a cold, come here --- be here,go there --- be there, become --- be, come back --- be back,fall asleep --- be asleep, get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in),leave --- be away from, get to know --- know,go (get) out →be out，put on→wear；catch a cold →have a cold等。
非延续性动词与延续性动词的转变
非延续性动词与延续性动词的转变动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。
一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。
延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。
表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间,for 2 years; since从句,since he came here; since+时间点名词,since last year, since 5 days ago; how long; for a long time等。
例:He has lived here for 6 years. You can keep the book for 5 days. I stayed there for 2 weeks last year. How long did you stay there last year?二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。
如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。
非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：two years ago; at 5 o'clock; 例:He died 5 years ago.三. 非延续性动词与延续性动词之间的转换：1.leave → be away (from),例句：He left Shanghai 3 days ago .=He has been away from Shanghai for 3days/since 3 days ago.2.borrow --- keep,例句：I borrowed the book a week ago.= I have kept the book for a week /since a week ago .3.buy --- have,例句：He bought the pen three weeks ago .= He has had the pen for threeweeks./since three weeks ago.4.begin/start --- be on,例句：The film started half an hour ago.=The film has been on for harf an hour/since half an hour ago.5.die --- be dead,例句：Jack died ten years ago .= Jack has been dead for ten years /since ten years ago.6.finish --- be over, 例句：The meeting finished ten minutes ago.= The meeting has been over for ten minutes/since tenminutes ago.7.join --- be in+组织机构, 或be a member of+组织机构,例句：My uncle joined the Party(共产党) nine years ago. = My uncle has been in the Party for nine years. = My uncle has been a member of the Party / been a Party member for nine years8.open --- be open,例句：The shop opened five years ago.= The shop has been open for five years. 9.catch a cold --- have a cold,例句：He caught a cold yesterday. = He has had a cold since yesterday.e to / go to --- be (in)例句：I came here twenty years ago. = I have been here for twenty years / since twenty years ago.He went to New York last month.= He has been in New York since last month/ for a month.11.become --- be,例句：I became a teacher in 1998.= I have been a teacher since 1998.e back --- be back,例句：My mother came back two hours ago .= My mother has been back for two hours.13.fall asleep --- be asleep,例句：The baby fell asleep at 7 pm.-= The baby has been asleep since 7pm.14.get to/ arrive( in/at) /reach -------- be (in),例句：She arrived in Beijing / got to Beijing / reached Beijing two months ago. = She has been in Beijing for two months/ since two months ago.15.get to know --- know,例句：We got to know each other ten years ago .= We have known each other for ten years.16.put on→ wear；例句：She put on the jeans two days ago.= She has worn the jeans since two days ago.补充练习：1. When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus ________ for 20 minutes.A. has leftB. had leftC. has been awayD. had been away2. I ______ the League for 5 years so far.A. joinedB. have joinedC. have been in3. The factory ________ since the February of 1988.A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened4. Mary and Rose _______friends since they met in 2000.A. have madeB. have beenC. madeD. have become5.You mustn't ________ until he comes back.A. be awayB. leaveC. be left6.The meeting _______ for a week now.A. has finishedB. has endedC. has been over7.Miss Gao ______ this school for nearly 5 years.A. has been inB. has come toC. has taught8.Ben ______ a teacher for 4 years .A. has beenB. has becomeC. wasD. became9. I ______ home for a week.A. have returnedB. have been backC. returned10. How long _______ he ________ ?A. diedB. has, diedC. has, been dead11. He ______ at eight yesterday afternoon.A. sleptB. was sleepingC. has sleepD. had slept12.He ________ the car for a week.A. boughtB. has boughtC. has had13.-----How long _____ you _____ ill ? -----Two weeks.A. did fallB. have, fellC. have, been14.Since 2000, he _____ his hometown.A. has leftB. has moved awayC. has been away from15.I'll lend you the book , but you can only _____ it for 2 days.A. borrowB. keepC. take 16.The bus ______ on the road for 2 hours so far.A. has stoppedB. stoppedC. has been17.Are you _____ the jacket these days?A. wearingB. putting onC. dressingD. on18.He ________ foe 2 hours.A. got upB. has got upC. has been up19. Tom is ill in hospital. He _______ a cold for several days.A. isB. catchesC. has caughtD. has had20.----- How long can I ______ the book? ------ Two weeks.A. borrowB. lendC. getD. keep。
延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换非延续性动词转换表格
延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换非延续性动词转换表格延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。
一延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have,wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。
延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。
表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间for 2 years; since从句,since he came here; since+时间点名词,since last year, since 5 days ago; how long; for a long time等。
例:He has lived here for 6 years.You can keep the book for 5 days.I stayed there for 2 weeks last year.How long did you stay there last year?二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。
如:open, die, close, begin,finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。
非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：two years ago; at 5 o’clock;例:He died 5 years ago.否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。
例:I haven’t left here for 3 years. I haven’theard from him for 3 weeks.三延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：leave --- be away, borrow --- keep, buy --- have,begin/start --- be on,die --- be dead,finish --- be over,join --- be in+组织机构, be a member of+组织机构open sth --- keep sth open,fall ill --- be ill,get up---be up,catch a cold --- have a cold,come here --- be here, go there --- be there,become --- be,come back --- be back,fall asleep --- be asleep,get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in),leave --- be away from,get to know --- know, go (get) out →be output on→wear；catch a cold →have a cold等。
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延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。
一 . 延续性动词表示能够延续的动作 , 如:learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。
延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。
表示时间段的短语有 : ⑴ for+一段时间 , 如 :for 2 years; ⑵ since 从句 , 如 since he came here; since+过去时间点名词 , 如 since last year, since 5 days ago. 例 :He has lived here for 6 years. Y ou can keep the book for 5 days.二 . 非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词 , 表示不能延续的动作 , 这种动作发生后立即结束。
如 : open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy 等。
非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用,如:two years ago; at 5o'clock;例 : He died 5 years ago.三 . 延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换:例:He left five minutes ago. = He has been away for five minutes.这句话的意思是指他离开的动作是 5分钟之前发生的,是过去时。
也就是说从他离开到现在已经有五分钟了,这个动作是延续的,要用现在完成时,并且要把原来的短暂性动词改为延续性动词。
下面是一些短暂性动词及相应的延续性动词,须牢记。
leave --- be away, borrow --- keep, buy --- have,begin/start --- be on, die --- be dead, finish --- be over,join --- be in+组织机构 , be a member of+组织机构 ,open sth --- keep sth open, fall ill --- be ill, get up---be up,catch a cold --- have a cold, come here --- be here,go there --- be there, become --- be, come back --- be back,fall asleep --- be asleep, get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in,leave --- be away from, get to know --- know,go (get out → be out, put on→ wear ; catch a cold → have a cold等。
练习 :1. The old man died 4 years ago.----The old man___________________for 4 years.2. He joined the Party 2 years ago.-----He __________________the Party for 2 years.3. I bought the book 5 days ago.--- I _________________the book for 5 days.现在完成时(一现在完成时是初三教材中的一个重点语法项目,下面我们就来学习它的构成。
1.现在完成时的基本句式是“have (has +过去分词” 。
如:① I have seen that film.我已经看过那部影片了。
② We have just finished our homework.我们刚刚做完家庭作业。
③ She has gone home.她回家去了。
注意:1该句式中的 have 或 has 是助动词, has 用于第三人称单数,其它人称一律用 have 。
2该句式中 have (has 和过去分词之间可用 just 插入。
3 把该句式译成汉语时,往往用“ 已经” 、“ 刚刚” 、“ 过” 或“ 了” 等。
2.现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词 have 或 has 提到主语之前。
如:④Have you read this story book yet?你读过这本故事书吗?⑤ Has he eaten that apple yet?他吃那个苹果了吗?注意:1现在完成时的一般疑问句往往在句末加 yet 。
2把现在完成时的一般疑问句译成汉语时,往往译成“…… 过吗? ” 、“ 还有…… 吗? ” 等。
3其肯定回答用:Y es , . . . have (has .否定回答用:No , . . . haven't (hasn't .有时用: No , not yet.或 No , never .3.现在完成时的否定句式是“have (has +过去分词” 。
如:⑥ We haven't studied Unit 2yet.我们还没学习第二单元。
⑦ The train hasn't stopped yet.火车还没有停下来。
注意:1现在完成时的否定句句末往往加 yet 。
2否定句常译为“ 还没有……” 等。
现在完成时(二现在完成时表示过去发生或完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
如: Have you read that story?你读过那个故事吗?(“ 读” 这一动作发生在过去,对现在造成的影响是:是否知道故事的内容I have bought two apples.我买了两个苹果。
(“ 买” 这一动作发生在过去,对现在造成的结果是:拥有两个苹果在学习这一概念的同时,还应注意常与现在完成时连用的几个副词:already , just , yet , ever , never 等。
already , just 多用于肯定句中, yet , ever , never 多用于疑问句和否定句中。
如:I have already finished my homework.我已经做完家庭作业了。
He has just had his meal.他刚吃过饭。
Have you ever sung this English song?你曾唱过这首英文歌吗?They haven't started yet.他们还没有动身。
W e have never heard of it.我们从来没有听说过这件事。
现在完成时(三1.现在完成时态既涉及过去,又联系现在,它可表示动作或状态过去已经开始一直延续到现在,和由 for 或 since 引导的时间状语连用。
例如:W e have lived here for five years.我们在这里住了五年了。
I have known him since he was a boy.我从他还是个孩子的时候就认识他了。
注意:现在完成时与一般过去时的区别:现在完成时强调过去发生的事对现在造成的影响;一般过去时指过去发生的事实。
请看下面对话中一般过去时和现在完成时的不同。
A :Have you seen the film?B :Y es , I have.A :When did you see it?B :I saw it a year ago.2.延续性动词与非延续性动词在现在完成时中的使用。
(1 延续性动词:be , have , know , live , work , study , learn , teach , speak , talk , draw , wait , wear , walk , sleep 等,这些动词可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。
例如:Uncle Wang has worked in this factory for ten years.王伯伯在这家工厂工作十年了。
(2 非延续性动词:come , go , arrive , reach , see , hear , close , leave , begin , start , lose , buy , fall , join , die 等,这些动词可用于完成时态,说明某个动作的结果还存在,但不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。
例如:【正】 The play has begun.戏开演了。
(戏正在演着【误】 The play has begun for half an hour.戏开演半小时了。
3.非延续性动词表示状态有三种方法:(1用相应的延续性动词来替换非延续性动词。
句中的谓语动词一般用现在完成时, 时间状语为“for +时间段” 或“since +时间点 (过去某一时刻或非延续性动词的一般过去时从句” 或用在 how long的问句中。
例如:They have been here for five years. 他们来这里已经五年了。
(这里 come 这一非延续性动词改成了 be 。
常见的非延续性动词与延续性动词转换如下:come→be , come to→be in /at , go out→be out , leave→be away , begin /start→be on , buy→have , borrow→keep ,join→be a member of /be a. . . member , die→be dead, put on→wear , catch a cold→ have a cold, get to know→know , become a teacher→be a teacher, fall asleep→be asleep, go to sleep→sleep 等。
(2用“ 非延续性动词的一般过去时+一段时间+ago” 这一句型(即用一般过去时。
例如:They came here five years ago.他们是五年前来这里的。
(3用“It is(has been+时间段+since 从句(从句的谓语动词用非延续性动词的过去式” 这一句型。
例如:It is five years since they came here.自从他们来到这里已经有五年了。
现在完成时与中考题选择填空。
1. I_______ a letter from him since he left. (天津市A . didn't receive B. haven't got C. didn't have D. haven't heard2. — Where have you _______ these days ? — I have to Dazhu with my friends . (重庆市 A . been ; gone B. been ; been C. gone ; been D. gone ; gone3. How long have you _______ this book?(哈尔滨市A . bought B. borrowed C. had D. lent4. — Where's Peter? — He _______ to Nanjing. (沈阳市A . is going B. has been C. has gone D. went5. Y ou've never seen such a wonderful film before, _______ ?(河北省 A . haven't you B. have you C. do you D. don't you6. W e have lived here _______ five years ago. (河南省A . when B. since C. before D. after7. — I have watched the game. — When you _______ it?(长沙市A . have ; watched B. do ; watch C. did ; watch D. will ; watch8. — How do you like Beijing, Mr Black? — Oh , I _______ such a beautiful city . (江西省 A . don't visit B. didn't visit C. haven't visited D. hadn't visited 9. The old people _______ lonely at all since we began to visit them once a week . (广州市 A . don't feel B. hasn't felt C. haven't felt D. didn't feel10. My grandfather_______ in the small town all his life. He always says he likes the town. (四川省 A . lived B. have lived C. has lived D. is living 11. Miss Brown_______ to the Great Wall twice. (贵阳市A . have been B. has been C. have gone D. has gone12. His brother has been to Stone Forest twice _______ he came to Yunnan. (昆明市 A . after B. before C. since D. for13. His grandpa _______ for two years. (广西A . was died B. has been dead C. was dead D. has died14. — Have you ever_______ to Haikou?— Y es , I_______ there with my family last August. (海南省A . gone ; went B. been ; went C . been ; went to D. been ; was in 15. His sister_______ her hometown for three years . She'll return next year . (合肥市 A . left B. has left C . has been away D. has been away from (Key :1— 5BBCCB 6— 10BCCCC 11—15BCBBD。