初中英语非谓语动词(教师用)
英语语法中非谓语动词知识讲解(人教版)
2) 作表语 1. The most urgent problem they are facing nowC is ___ to get prepared for the contest. A. make their effort B. to their every effort C. to make their effort D. make their effort 2. Several prominent scientists who B before participated in the space program ___ the welcome reception this evening. A. are appearing B. are to appear C. appears D. will be appearing
B on vinegar and 4. Byron is said ___ potatoes. A. to be living B. to have lived C. live D. to living D 5. A man in a red coat was noticed ___ the bank before the robbery. A. entering B. enter C. entered D. to eect + infinitive • 这些动词一般是: • Advise, allow, ask, believe, command, compel, consider, declare, discover, encourage, forbid, force, get, have, urge, require etc
动词find与help之后,不定式可带 to也可不带 eg. He was surprised to find the sheep (to) break fence at this season. Help me ( to ) get him to bed. Practice 1.The wounded soldier had the A message________ straight to army commander. A) sent B) to send C) to be sent D) being sent
初中英语：“非谓语动词”知识点全总结
初中英语：“非谓语动词”知识点全总结成才路上特级教师与奥数国家一级教练联手执教。
01非谓语动词的概念在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫作非谓语动词。
02非谓语动词的使用条件一个句子中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词），又没有连词的情况下，若还有其他动词出现，该动词则充当了非谓语动词。
如：He teaches us to dance on weekends.（teaches主语后，作谓语词；to dance不定式作宾补）03非谓语动词的形式非谓语动词包含四种形式，即不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。
具体形式如下：1. 不定式：to do（表示主动，并且一般表示将来）例如：The teacher told us to do morning exercises .老师让我们做早操。
2. 动名词：doing （表示主动）例如：Travelling in space by ordinary people will be common in the future.在未来，普通人在太空旅行将会是普遍的事情。
3. 现在分词：doing （表示主动和进行）例如：He sat there，reading a newspaper.他坐在那里，读着一张报纸。
4. 过去分词：done及物动词的过去分词表示被动或完成；不及物动词的过去分词表示主动或完成。
polluted river 被污染的河流（及物动词pollute和river之间是被动关系，即“河流被污染”）fallen leaves 落叶（不及物动词fall和leaves之间是主动关系，即“叶子落下来”）注意：非谓语动词本身不能表示现在和过去。
非谓语动词表示进行和将来是相对于谓语动作来说的：和谓语动作同时发生表示进行；发生在谓语动作之后表示将来04非谓语动词的作用非谓语动词除去不能做谓语之外，其它所有成分都可以做。
具体如下。
动词不定式一、特点：1. 没有人称和数的变化2. 可以有自己的宾语和状语3. 有时态和语态的变化（被动语态形式为to be+动词的过去分词）二、句法作用：做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。
初中英语语法公式非谓语动词
初中英语语法公式非谓语动词
非谓语动词是指在句子中不表示谓语关系，可作主语、宾语、定语、
状语等的动词形式。
在初中英语语法中，常见的非谓语动词有动词不定式、动名词和分词。
1.动词不定式
a. 主动形式：to + 动词原形（to do）
b. 被动形式：to be + 动词过去分词（to be done）
c. 完成形式：to have + 动词过去分词（to have done）
2.动名词
动名词的形式为动词 + -ing（doing）
3.分词
a. 现在分词：动词原形 + -ing（doing）
b. 过去分词：动词过去式或不规则过去分词形式（done）
非谓语动词在句子中具有以下用法：
1. 作主语：To travel is his dream.（不定式）
2. 作宾语：I like swimming.（动名词） / She wants to join
the club.（不定式）
3. 作定语：The book on the table is mine.（现在分词） / The girl with a red hat is my friend.（分词）。
初中三年级英语语法：非谓语动词
三一文库（）/初中三年级〔初中三年级英语语法：非谓语动词〕非谓语动词1.定义：动词除在句子中作谓语以外，还具有名词、形容词及副词的性质，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等，这就是动词的非谓语动词。
可分为三种：动词不定式、分词和动名词。
2.动词不定式：to + 动词原形(在某些情况下可以不带to )。
(没有人称和数的变化，可以有自己的宾语和状语，可以有时态和语态的变化)○1 一般式：主动语态：to do , 被动语态：to be + 动词过去分词 (表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生或之后发生)○2 进行式：主动语态：to be doing , 被动语态：无(表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生) ○3 完成式：主动语态：to have +动词过去分词，被动语态：to have been +动词过去分词 (表示动作或状态在谓语动作之前就发生)○4 用法：A. 作主语：To learn a foreign language is not easy . = It's not easy to learn a foreign language .B. 作表语：The most important thing is to finish the work on time .C. 作宾语：a. 动词+to do . He decided to buy a new watch . (agree, choose, want, hope, like, wish, learn, love, plan, try, start, afford …)b. 动词+疑问词+to do I don't know where to put the bike .c. 动词+形式宾语(it)+宾补+to do I find it important to learn a second foreign language .D. 作补语：a. 动词+宾语+to do Tom asked me to show him the new shoes . (tell, wish, ask, want, like, beg, invite, allow, encourage…)b. 动词+宾语+不带to的动词 He often saw Tom play football .(see, hear, feel, watch, notice, have, make, let…)E. 作状语：a. 表示目的：He went to Guangzhou to see his sons . He got up early in order to catch the first bus .b. 表示结果：He is too tired to walk any farther . They aren't old enough to go to school .c. 表示原因：He is sorry to hear that . I am glad to see you .F.作定语： I have something to tell you . I want to buy something to eat .○5 动词不定式to 的省略：A. 在感官动词feel, hear, see, watch, notice 及使役动词have, let, make等后面要省to，但在变被动语态时要还原不定式to。
（完整版）初中英语非谓语动词讲解
（完整版）初中英语⾮谓语动词讲解⾮谓语动词之“动词不定式”详解⾮谓语动词就是不充当谓语的动词，分两种。
⼀是动词不定式。
⼆是动词ing形式。
1）作主语To learn English well is not easy. 或It is not easy to learn English well.[说明]动词不定式作主语时，往往⽤it作形式主语，这种句型可归纳为下⾯的句型：e.g. It is + adj.+ 动词不定式如果要说明不定式表⽰的动作执⾏者，可以⽤for+sb.e.g. It is + adj.+ for sb.to do sth.2）作表语（表语⽤来说明主语的⾝份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词的-ing形式、不定式、从句来充当，它常位于系动词（be, become, appear, seem, look, sound, feel, get, smell等词）之后。
）e.g. My wish is to become a teacher.3）作宾语或者宾语补⾜语e.g. Most of us like to watch football matches.e.g. He told me to be here on time.4）作定语：e.g. I have nothing to say about that thing.5）作状语：e.g. He stopped to have a look.[说明] 动词不定式的否定形式：not + to + 动词原形构成e.g. He asked me not to make such a mistake.2、动词不定式与疑问词连⽤：疑问词who, what, which和疑问副词when, where, how, why等后⾯可以按动词不定式，构成动词不定式短语。
e.g. (1) He doesn’t know how to use the machine.(2) How to use the machine is a question.(3) The question is when to go there.3、省去了to 的动词不定式1）let, have, make+do2）感官动词see, watch, look at, notice, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find +to。
初中英语语法知识复习集之非谓语动词
非谓语动词定义在句中不充当谓语的动词，叫做非谓语动词三种形式to do 要做去做还未做(plan/decide/...)doing 做过常做正在做（regret/like/busy）done 完成或者被动(finished/fallen leaves/falling leaves)注意：1.其他的动词形式均是谓语动词，如do，does，did,have/has done等；2.中考英语中必考的时态题、祈使句其实就是考察为谓语动词形式。
九个+doing：“饿狼厕所门口放炮却不死”E L C S M K F P B Sdoing E: enjoy 喜欢做某事L: look forward to 期盼做某事C: can't help doing sth 情不自禁做某事M: mind 介意做某事K: keep 坚持做某事F: finish 完成做某事P: practise 练习做某事B: busy/worth 忙于/值得做某事S: spend 花费做某事九个+to do：“土豆片胖娃娃哦”to do T：tell 告诉D：decide 决定P：promise 承诺，允诺P：plan 计划Wa：would like，ask 想要，请求Wa：want，allow 想要，允许O：offer 主动提供，提出接不定式或动名词作宾语意思相同的动词like to do sth./like doing sth. 喜欢做某事love to do sth./love doing sth. 喜欢做某事hate to do sth./hate doing sth. 讨厌做某事prefer to do sth./prefer doing sth. 宁可做某事begin to do sth./begin doing sth. 开始做某事start to do sth./start doing sth. 开始做某事continue to do sth./continue doing sth. 继续做某事接不定式或动名词作宾语意思不同的动词to do 表示“未发生”doing 表示“已发生”forget 忘记要做某事忘记做过某事remember 记得要去做某事记得做过某事stop 停下一切去做某事停止正在做的事regret 遗憾未做某事后悔做了某事try 尽力做某事尝试做某事mean 打算做某事意味着做某事can't help 不能帮助做某事情不自禁做某事go on 做完某事后接着做另一件事继续做同一件事动词不定式省略to的三种情况1.使役动词使/让某人做某事使/让某人....make make sb do sth make sb+ adjlet let sb do sth let sb +adj2.感官实义动词doing 表示“正发生；反复的动作”do表示“经常发生；动作全过程”see 看见某人正在做某事看见某人经常做某事/全过程watch 看见某人正在做某事看见某人经常做某事/全过程hear 听见某人正在做某事听见某人经常做某事/全过程notice 注意到某人正在做某事听见某人经常做某事/全过程3.had better（not）do sth最好做某事/would rather（not）do sth宁愿做某事4.help to (do) sth注意：在用于被动语态时，to要还原She is made to our monitor.动词不定式to do 的用法①作主语It’s nice to hear from you.②作宾语I forgot to lock the door.③作宾补He ordered her to leave at once.④作表语My job is to pick up letters.⑤作定语He is always the first one to get there.⑥作状语常常翻译成“为了...”。
中学英语非谓语动词讲解
中学英语非谓语动词讲解非谓语动词是指动词的非时态形式，它包括不定式、动名词和分词（包括现在分词和过去分词）。
非谓语动词可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等成分，具有多种语法功能和句法结构。
在中学英语中，非谓语动词被广泛使用，掌握非谓语动词的用法对于学生的语言表达能力和阅读理解能力提升非常重要。
一、不定式（Infinitives）1. 不定式作主语：- To learn a foreign language is beneficial to your future.- It's important to exercise regularly.2. 不定式作宾语：- I want to go shopping after school.- He promised to finish the report by tomorrow.3. 不定式作表语：- Her dream is to become a doctor.- The most important thing is to believe in yourself.4. 不定式作定语：- She has a lot of books to read during the summer vacation.- This is a good place to have a picnic.5. 不定式作状语：- I wake up early to catch the bus.- She studied hard to pass the exam.二、动名词（Gerunds）1. 动名词作主语：- Swimming is my favorite sport.- Dancing helps improve coordination.2. 动名词作宾语：- She enjoys reading novels.- He hates doing the dishes.3. 动名词作表语：- His hobby is playing the piano.- The key to success is working hard.4. 动名词作定语：- I have a meeting with my boss tomorrow morning. - The running water sounds relaxing.5. 动名词作状语：- She left the room, crying loudly.- He drove to work, listening to music.三、分词（Participles）1. 现在分词作定语：- The exciting movie kept us on the edge of our seats. - The running boy bumped into a lady.2. 现在分词作状语：- Smiling happily, she accepted the gift.- With his homework finished, he went to bed.3. 过去分词作定语：- The broken chair needs to be repaired.- The lost dog was found by its owner.4. 过去分词作状语：- Inspired by her teacher, she decided to pursue a career in art.- Exhausted from the long journey, they went straight to bed.总结起来，中学英语非谓语动词的用法主要包括不定式、动名词和分词。
中学英文中的非谓语动词用法详解
中学英文中的非谓语动词用法详解一、非谓语动词的基本概念非谓语动词是指在句子中不担任谓语成分的动词形式，主要包括动名词、不定式和分词（现在分词和过去分词）三种形式。
它们在句子中可以担任除谓语以外的各种成分，如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。
二、动名词的用法1. 动名词作主语动名词作主语时，通常表示一种习惯性的动作或抽象的概念。
例如：Reading books is a good habit.（读书是个好习惯。
）2. 动名词作宾语动名词常作为某些动词的宾语，如like, enjoy, finish等。
例如：I enjoy swimming in the river.（我喜欢在河里游泳。
）3. 动名词作定语动名词还可以作为定语，修饰名词。
例如：a sleeping bag（睡袋）三、不定式的用法1. 不定式作主语不定式作主语时，常表示具体的、一次性的动作或未来的动作。
例如：To see is to believe.（眼见为实。
）2. 不定式作宾语不定式也常作为某些动词的宾语，如want, decide, hope等。
例如：I want to be a teacher.（我想成为一名教师。
）3. 不定式作补足语不定式还可以作为形容词或名词的补足语，进一步说明其意义。
例如：He is said to have gone abroad.（据说他出国了。
）4. 不定式作状语不定式有时也可以作为状语，表示目的、原因等。
例如：I came here to see you.（我来这里是为了见你。
）四、分词的用法1. 现在分词的用法现在分词主要表示主动和进行的意义。
1.1 现在分词作定语现在分词作定语时，通常放在它所修饰的名词之前。
例如：a running car（一辆正在行驶的汽车）1.2 现在分词作状语现在分词作状语时，通常表示伴随的动作或状态。
例如：Standing by the window, he looked out at the garden.（他站在窗边，望着花园。
初中英语语法专题七 非谓语动词
2．不定式的句法作用 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的作用，它 可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语 等。 (1)作主语 动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将 真正的主语放在句末，It＋be＋形容词＋(for sb.)＋动 词不定式。
It's important (for us) to protect the environment. (对我们来说)保护环境是很重要的。 注：当在 kind，good，nice，clever 等表示人的品 质的形容词后，不用 for 而用 of。 It's very kind of you to help me.你帮助我真是太好 啦。
Please try to do better next time. 请下次设法做得更 好些。 He tried speak ing English to us. 他试着用英语和我 们谈话。
Go on to do the other exercise after you finish this one. 做完这个练习题后，接着做另一个练习题。 Go on doing the exercise after a short rest. 休息一会儿之后继续做练习。
其后既可以接动词 -ing形式，也可接动词不定 式 的动词及动词词组 有love， like， prefe r， be gin， s tart， continue， remembe r，try， s top， forget， hate，need，allow，go on等。
介词后接动词-ing形式的动词短语有 keep...from，stop...from，make a contribution to， look forward to，spend...(in)，be afraid of，be proud of，be used for，feel like，give up，be interested in，put off等。
非谓语动词做状语(讲课用)
3. When the library is completed, it will be open to the public next year. _________________ When completed, the library will be open to the public next year. 4.When she was asked why she did it,
she began to cry. Asked why she did it, they kept running. __________________
5.The children came into the classroom,
and they laughed and talked.(并列句)
Even if what we need is just a glass of water, she will also keep it in mind. When ________(notice) noticing her grey hairs and the wrinkles around her eyes, I realize I have grown up while she is no longer young. It’s time that I should do something for her, even only _______(give) back some messages making giving or ________(make)a cup of tea for her. It can make her feel that she seems to be the happiest woman in the world. Do you know who she is? She is our Mom
初中英语语法——非谓语动词(27张PPT)
the little panda. （2016年四川）
技巧10：形容词/形容词物主代词 /名词所有格+名词
五，解题步骤？
总结提升
解题四步走
复读全文, 前后连贯 根据语义, 确定词形 先易后难，固定搭配 通读全文,理解大意
shoulder and shouting. finally, when we came to the next stop, the
boy ran up to the door of the bus. i heard an excited conversation. then the driver stood up and asked,“______8. anyonDeidlose a
Welcome to rational close 语法填空
Step one :
To fight rational cloze, one must know rational cloze.
Homework:
one morning, i was waiting at the bus stop, worried about _
blue sky. And all _t_h_a_t lemon tree. I'm turning
Imcyanhesaede._I_t’u_s_pj_u_staandYedlolowwn.
I'm turning turning turning turning turning around And all that I can see. It’s just __a_n_o_th_e_r__lemon tree
初中英语语法-非谓语动词讲解 上课资料
2)主语是物，多用不定式； It began to rain. / The snow began to melt.
3)其后的动词是表示情感的或与智力有关的，要用不定式，如：know, realize, hate, love, understand , wonder, remember, forget. 我开始意识到英语的重要性。 I began to realize the importance of English.
研究表明，《时代》排名前100名的毕业生雇主单位中有将近一半 计划今年将扩大毕业生接收规模，为新的毕业生增加可利用的空缺 职位数量，这个数量与2006年的新成员水平相比，会增加10%以上。
动词的非谓语形式有三种
1.不定式：to +v 2.动名词：v-ing 3.分词
1)现在分词：v-ing 2)过去分词：v-ed
well.
动名词与不定式作主语时的区别
1.对称原则:主语和表语对称 Seeing is believing. To see is to believe.
2.动名词做主语表示抽象的、经常性的动作， 不定式表示具体的、某一次或将来的动作。 Climbing mountains is interesting. To climb this mountain will take us two hours.
Write here Something
A company is an association or collection of individuals, whether natural persons, legal persons, or a mixture of both. Company members
初中英语语法学习之非谓语动词精讲
初中英语语法学习之非谓语动词精讲一、构成与特征动词不定式是动词的一种非限定形式，由“to+动词原形”构成，在句中起名词、形容词或副词的作用，同时也保留动词的一些特征，可以带宾语、状语或宾语补足语等。
例如：He tried to work out the problem in five minutes.他试图在五分钟之内算出这道题。
(带宾语和状语)This country, my country, is a place of dreamers who have the faith and the will to make dreamscometrue.这个国家，我的祖国，是一片让那些有信心和意志让梦想成真的人梦寐以求的国土。
(带宾语和补足语)I am sorry to have kept youwaiting.对不起，让您久等了。
(完成时)I am glad to have been given a chance to visit your country.我很高兴有机会访问贵国。
(完成时，被动语态)不定式在许多场合具有情态意义。
作主语时，相当于一个带有情态动词的主语从句；作定语时，相当于一个带有情态动词的定语从句；作宾语时，相当于一个带有情态动词的宾语从句；作目的状语时，相当于由sothat或in order that引导的目的状语从句。
例如：It is right for her to say so.她这样说是对的。
(=It is right that she should say so.)He has a lot of work to do.他有许多工作要做。
(=...that heshould/ must do.)I don't know where to get theticket.我不知道在哪里能弄到票。
(=..where I could get the ticket.) She opened the door for the children to come in.她开了门，让孩子们进来。
初中英语语法大全——非谓语动词(共24张PPT)
知识归纳 常用it作形式主语的句式 It is no use/ good doing..做...是没有用的不好的。 It is a waste of time doing...做..是浪费时间的。 It is useful/ enjoyable/ tiring doing...
做...是有用的/ 令人高兴的/累人的
(6)不定式作状语
①不定式作状语主要表示目的等。表示目的时常位于句首，表 示原因和结果时常位于句尾。 eg: To arrive there on time, I got up one hour earlier than usual. eg: In ancient China, food was stored with ice to kee p it fresh.
常接动名词作宾语的(短语)动词
enjoy喜欢
finish完成
practise练习
suggest建议
mind介意
avoid避免
admit承认
consider考虑
give up放弃
look forward to盼望
imagine想象
be busy忙于 put off推迟
feel like想要
be worth值得
(4)不定式作宾语补足语
eg: Lucy asked him to turn down the radio. eg: Mr. White persuaded Tom not to smoke any more. eg: I sat near her and heard her sing the new song. eg: The peaceful music in the CD made the students feel relax.
2023年人教版英语九年级中考复习语法之非谓语动词(动名词、分词)讲义
人教版英语九年级复习之非谓语动词（动名词、分词）非谓语动词是指在句中充当除谓语以外的其他句子成分的动词形式，可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语等，在句中起名词、形容词、副词的作用。
非谓语动词包含三种形式：动词不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)。
考点一：动名词动名词，即动词-ing形式动词的-ing形式由“动词原形+-ing”构成，其否定形式为“not+动词的-ing形式”。
动词的-ing形式在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语等。
1、作主语动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数，大多数情况下可以和不定式互换Watching TV too much is a waste of time. = To watch TV too much is a waste of time.看电视太久是在浪费时间。
典型例题：1._________ an English club ______ a good way to improve English.A.Joining; isB. Join; areC. To join; isD. Joins; are2. ________ lots of vegetables ________ good for our health.A. Eating; isB. Eat; areC. To eat; isD. Eats; are参考答案：1.A 2. A2、作宾语。
(1).在初中阶段我们需要掌握的后跟动词-ing形式作宾语的词语有dislike, consider, enjoy, finish, imagine, keep, mind, practice, suggest, give up, put off, keep on, be busy, have fun, be afraid of, be good at, be interested in, be \get used to, look forward to, feel like, thanks for等。
七年级上册英语非谓语动词讲解
七年级上册英语非谓语动词讲解非谓语动词是英语中的一种特殊形式，它不具备人称和数的特点，也不具备时态的变化。
在句子中，非谓语动词可以作为主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等成分。
本文将对七年级上册英语中常见的非谓语动词进行讲解。
一、动词不定式（infinitives）动词不定式的结构是“to + 动词原形”，它可以有自己的主语，也可以没有主语。
1.作主语：To learn a second language is useful in today's global society.学习第二语言在当今的全球社会是有用的。
2.作宾语：I want to eat ice cream.我想要吃冰淇淋。
3.作表语：His dream is to become a famous dancer.他的梦想是成为一名著名的舞蹈家。
4.作定语：This is a good place to have a picnic.这是一个适合野餐的好地方。
5.作状语：She studies hard to pass the exam.她努力学习以通过考试。
二、动名词（gerunds）动名词的结构是“动词基本形式 + -ing”，它可以具备名词的功能，可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。
1.作主语：Swimming is my favorite sport.游泳是我最喜欢的运动。
2.作宾语：She enjoys dancing.她喜欢跳舞。
3.作表语：Her job is teaching English.她的工作是教英语。
4.作定语：The running water is very clean.流动的水非常干净。
5.作状语：He left without saying goodbye.他离开时没有说再见。
三、分词（Participles）分词有现在分词和过去分词两种形式，它们可以作定语、状语、补语等。
1.现在分词作定语：I saw a girl sitting on the bench.我看见一个女孩坐在长凳上。
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初中英语一非谓语动词非谓语动词指的是在句中起名词，形容词或副词作用的动词形式，而不是作谓语的动词形式。
动词的非谓语形式分为动名词，分词，动词不定式。
Climbi ng mou nta in is a good exercise. （Climbi ng...,动名词起名词作用）Do you know the man wearing a white shirt. （wearing ..分词起形容词作用）He gets up early to catch the first bus. （to catch 不定式起副词作用）谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别：1）谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语，而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。
Miss Mary teaches us English.玛丽教我们英语。
（teaches动词作谓语）Mr.Li came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week.（to have a talk....不定式作状语）2）谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制，而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。
Mike likes the pop music.（动词用单数第三人称形式）Lucy has nothing to do today°（do 用原形）非谓语动词的特征：1如果非谓语动词是及物动词，后面须跟宾语。
Studying English is my favorite. （studying 后跟宾语）To help him is my duty.帮助他是我的责任。
（help后跟宾语）2非谓语动词可以带有自己的状语或逻辑主语。
Working under such a condition is terrible. （under such a condition 是working 的状语）It's too difficult for him to master English in such a short time. （for him 作不定式的逻辑主语）3非谓语动词仍有语态和时态的变化。
I am sorry to have kept you waiting long.（to have kept..是不定式的完成形式）Seen from the mountain, the city looks much more beautiful. （Seen from...是分词的被动形式）4非谓语动词在句中可以当成名词或者形容词来使用。
Our coming made him happy.（coming 起名词作用）There are two big swimming pools here. （swimming 起形容词作用）非谓语动词的形式变化：完成hav ing writte n hav ing bee n writte n•动词不定式：动词不定式是由 to +动词原形构成，在句中起名词，形容词和副词的作用，可以担任 除谓语以外的其它任何成分。
1.动词不定式作主语：To mast a Ian guage is not an easy thing. To teach En glish is my favorite. It's my pleasure to help you.动词不定式作主语时可以放在后面，而用it 作形式主语放在原主语的位置上。
It's very kind of you to have give n us much help. 你给了我们那么多的帮助真是太好了。
It's necessary to find the witness. 有必要找至U 目击者。
2. 动词不定式作宾语：某些及物动词可以用动词不定式作宾语，这些动词有 decide, begi n, help, begi n, want, wish,like, forget, lear n, ask.What I wish is to lear n En glish well. I like to help others if I can. 3. 动词不定式作宾语补语。
We expect you to be with us.我们希望你和我们在一起。
Please ask him to come here quickly.请叫他快过来。
4. 动词不定式作表语：What I should do is to fin ish the task soo n.我应该做的是赶快完成任务。
The most urgent thi ng is to find the boy immediately. 当务之急是马上去找孩子。
5. 动词不定式作定语：There are many ways to solve the problem. 有许多方法能解决这个问题。
I have somethi ng importa nt to tell you. 我有重要的事情要告诉你。
6. 不定式作状语：We went to the hospital to see our teacher.我们去医院看了我们的老师。
She is making a test to get a kind of useful medici ne from a Tibet flower. 她在做试验，从一种西藏花中提取某种有用的药物。
动词不定式的否定形式：不定式 主 动被 动一 般 to writeto be writte n 进 行 to be writ ing完 成 to have writte n to have bee n writte n完成进行 to have bee n writ ing现在分词 主 动 被 动一般 writi ngbeing writte n 完 成 hav ing writte n hav ing bee n writte n 过去分词 主动 被 动一般 writte n动名词 主动被 动般 writ ing being writte nnot + to + 动词原形The teacher told us n ot to swim in that river.老师告诉我们不要在那条河里游泳。
It's un fair not to tell us.没告诉我们真是不公平。
带疑问词的不定式：疑问词who, what,which,when, where, how, why 可以加在不定式的前面，构成不定式短语，使含义更加具体。
Where to go is not known yet.去什么地方还不知道。
I don't know whe n to begi n.我不知道什么时间开始。
Can you tell me where to get the battery.你能告诉我哪儿能买到电池吗？Do you kn ow how to get to the statio n. 你知道怎样去车站吗？带逻辑主语的不定式：动词不定式可以带有自己的逻辑主语，构成方法是：for +逻辑主语+不定式。
注意：逻辑主语用宾格形式，for本身无实际意义，它只表明后面的主语从逻辑上分析是不定式的主语。
It's necessary for us to help each other.我们互相帮忙是必要的。
There are much work for me to fini sh, 有许多工作要我去完成。
动词不定式的被动形式：表示不定式动词同所修饰的名词是被动关系。
He is the man to be exam in ed. 他是受检查的人。
There are much work to be done. 有好多工作要做。
•动名词动名词是由动词原形+ ing构成，同现在分词形式一样，在句中可作主语，宾语，表语和定语。
1）动名词作主语：Talk ing like that is not polite.Lear ning from others is importa nt .Putt ing on more clothes is not so good .（注：动名词可以象动词不定式一样，用it先行祠代替，而把动名词写在后面。
It's no use wait ing here, let's go home.It's very difficult climb ing this mountain.2）动名词作表语The nurse's job is looking after the patients.Seeing is believi ng.3）动名词作宾语有些动词须用动名词来作宾语，它们是begi n, mi nd, suggest, fin ish, stop, n eed, enjoy, miss, keep.Please stop smok ing in the house.I like reading in the forest.Do you mi nd my ope ning the win dows?4）动名词作定语She is study ing in the readi ng room.He slept in the sleep ing bag.（动名词的否定形式：not +动名词He prete nd not kno wi ng it at all. 他假装全然不知。
We con sidered n ot doi ng it now.我们考虑现在不做这件事。
动名词的被动形式：（当动名词和它的逻辑主语是被动关系时，用动名词的被动形式来表示。
）His being looked dow n upon made him sick.I can't really sta nd being treated like that.动名词的几种特殊情况：1）有些动词的后面能跟动名词做宾语，有些动词能跟不定式，有些两者都可以，它们的具体含义有时还不一样。
能跟动名词的动词有：avoid, consider, delay, deny, dislike, endure, enjoy, escape, forgive, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, pardon, prevent, resist, suggest, understand, can't help, 等。
能跟不定式的动词有：decide, desire, expect, hope, mean, prete nd, promise, refuse, un dertake, want, wish, agree, man age,能跟动名词和不定式的动词有：love, like, hate, prefer, dislike, begi n, con ti nue, intend, attempt, propose, want, n eed, remember, forget, regret, try, deserve, start,动词后面跟动名词还是不定式，含义不相同，总的来说，表示习惯的，一般性的动作多跟动名词，一次性的具体的被动动作多跟不定式。