《美国文学》期末考试试卷(A卷)答案
美国文学复习题有答案
美国文学复习题有答案
1. 谁是美国文学史上第一位重要的诗人？
答案：爱德华·泰勒（Edward Taylor）。
2. 19世纪美国文学中，哪位作家的作品以幽默和讽刺著称？
答案：马克·吐温（Mark Twain）。
3. 简述赫尔曼·梅尔维尔的《白鲸》中的主要冲突。
答案：《白鲸》中的主要冲突是船长亚哈对白鲸莫比·迪克的复仇。
4. 谁是“垮掉的一代”文学运动中最著名的诗人？
答案：艾伦·金斯伯格（Allen Ginsberg）。
5. 在菲茨杰拉德的《了不起的盖茨比》中，盖茨比的悲剧结局是什么？
答案：盖茨比被威尔逊误杀，因为他认为盖茨比是导致他妻子死亡
的罪魁祸首。
6. 描述艾米莉·狄金森的诗歌风格。
答案：艾米莉·狄金森的诗歌风格以简洁、使用短句和强烈个人情
感表达为特点。
7. 谁是20世纪美国文学中“南方文艺复兴”的代表人物？
答案：威廉·福克纳（William Faulkner）。
8. 在《杀死一只知更鸟》中，阿提克斯·芬奇律师为何受到小镇居民
的尊敬？
答案：阿提克斯·芬奇律师因坚持正义和平等，为一个被错误指控
的黑人辩护而受到尊敬。
9. 简述海明威的“冰山理论”。
答案：海明威的“冰山理论”是指在写作中只展示故事的表面部分，而将更深层的意义和情感留给读者去揣摩。
10. 在《愤怒的葡萄》中，约德一家的旅程象征着什么？
答案：约德一家的旅程象征着美国大萧条时期农民的苦难和对更
好生活的不懈追求。
美国文学本科试题及答案
美国文学本科试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 以下哪部作品是马克·吐温的代表作？A. 《白鲸》B. 《了不起的盖茨比》C. 《汤姆·索亚历险记》D. 《老人与海》答案：C2. 爱德加·爱伦·坡的哪部作品被认为是哥特式小说的典范？A. 《红字》B. 《呼啸山庄》C. 《乌鸦》D. 《简·爱》答案：C3. 以下哪位作家被誉为“美国现代小说之父”？A. 亨利·詹姆斯B. 威廉·福克纳C. 赫尔曼·梅尔维尔D. 约翰·斯坦贝克答案：A4. 《愤怒的葡萄》是哪个作家的作品？A. 约翰·斯坦贝克B. 欧内斯特·海明威C. 威廉·福克纳D. 弗朗西斯·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德答案：A5. 《草叶集》是哪个诗人的代表作？A. 罗伯特·弗罗斯特B. 华尔特·惠特曼C. 艾米莉·狄金森D. 埃德加·爱伦·坡答案：B6. 以下哪部作品是威廉·福克纳的代表作？A. 《老人与海》B. 《喧哗与骚动》C. 《太阳照样升起》D. 《了不起的盖茨比》答案：B7. 《红字》的作者是谁？A. 纳撒尼尔·霍桑B. 赫尔曼·梅尔维尔C. 爱德加·爱伦·坡D. 马克·吐温答案：A8. 《了不起的盖茨比》的作者是谁？A. 威廉·福克纳B. 弗朗西斯·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德C. 约翰·斯坦贝克D. 赫尔曼·梅尔维尔答案：B9. 《白鲸》的作者是谁？A. 爱德加·爱伦·坡B. 赫尔曼·梅尔维尔C. 马克·吐温D. 纳撒尼尔·霍桑答案：B10. 《简·爱》的作者是谁？A. 夏洛蒂·勃朗特B. 艾米莉·勃朗特C. 乔治·艾略特D. 简·奥斯汀答案：A二、填空题（每空1分，共20分）11. 《汤姆·索亚历险记》中的主人公汤姆·索亚是一个__________的男孩。
美国文学期末考试试卷
2012-2013学年第二学期《美国文学》期末考试试卷（A卷）专业：英语年级：2010级考试方式：闭卷学分：2 考试时间：110分钟I．Multiple Choices(每小题 1分，共20分)Directions: Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question.II．Explain the Following Literary Terms Briefly (每小题7分，共14分) Directions: Please write down the answers on the Answer Sheet.Local ColorismTranscendentalismIII．Identification of Fragments (每小题7分，共21分)Directions: Please give the name of the author and the title of the literary work from which it is taken and then briefly comment on it in English. Please write down the answers on the Answer Sheet.23. “…That‟s right.‟ He said; …I‟m no good now. I was all right. I had money. I‟m going to quit this,‟ and, with death in his heart, he started down toward the Bowery. People had turned on the gas before and died; why shouldn‟t he? He remembered a lodging house where there were little, close rooms, with gas-jet in them, almost pre-arranged, he thought, for what he wanted to do, which rented for fifteen cents. Then he remembered that he had no fifteen cents.”25. “Her skeleton was small and spare; perhaps that was why that would have been merely plumpness in another was obesity in her. She looked bloated, like a body long submerged in motionless water, and of that pallid hue.24. “…Mr. Gatz, I thought you might want to take the body West.‟He shook his head. …Jimmy always liked it better down East. He rose up to his position in the East. Were you a friend of my boy‟s, Mr. -?‟…We were close friends.‟…He had a big future before him, you know. He was only a young man, but he had a lot of brain power here.”25. “Two were lying open-eyed in sawdust; a third pumped blood down the dress of the main one- the woman schoolteacher bragged about, the one he said made fine ink, damn good soup, pressed his collars they way he liked besides having at least ten breeding years left.IV. Short Essay Questions(每小题10分，共 30 分)Directions: Please write down the answers on the Answer Sheet.V．Appreciating a Literary Work(计 15 分)Directions: In this part, you are required to write a commentary paper in no less than 100 words.Please write it on the Answer Sheet.。
美国文学选读期末试卷
美国文学选读期末试卷美国文学选读期末试卷(A);PartⅠ:Choosetherelevantm;(10pointsinall,2pointfor;Group1;ColumnACol umnB;1.BenjaminFranklina.Mo;2.EdgarAllanPoeb.TheCa;3.RalphWaldoEmersonc. T;4.NathanielHawtho美国文学选读期末试卷 (A)Part Ⅰ: Choose the relevant match from Column B for each item in Column A.(10 points in all, 2 point for each)Group 1Column A Column B1. Benjamin Franklin a. Moby Dick2.Edgar Allan Poe b. The Cast of Amontillado3. Ralph Waldo Emerson c. The Scarlet letter4. Nathaniel Hawthorne d. Self-Reliance5. Herman Melville e. The AutobiographyPart ⅠⅠ: Gap filling (10 points in all, 1 point for each).1.2.3.4. ?The Old Man and the Sea? is written by _______ . Samuel Langhorne Clemens is better known by the pen name ______ _______ . ?the remains of my relations? means __________________ in Chinese. ?I must not only punish but punish with impunity? means___________________________in Chinese.5. _________ is regarded as the first person to write the detective novel in the west.6. Ralph Waldo Emerson is the supporter of _________.7. Herman Melville is the famous _________and poet of America.8. In 1836, a little book came out which made a tremendous impact on the intellectual life of America. It was entitled _________ by Emerson.9. The historical novel ?Scarlet Letter? describes the17th century?s life style of the___________________________ in North America.10. In Herman Melville?s Moby Dick?, as the opposite of the human being, the whale stands for __________________.Part ⅠⅠⅠ: Reading Comprehension (40 points in all, 2 points for each).AI travel a lot, and I find out different “styles” (风格) of directions every time 1 ask “How can I get to the post office?”Foreign tourists are often confused (困惑) in Japan because most streets there don?t have names; in Japan, people use landmarks (地标) in their directions instead of street names. For example, the Japanese will say to travelers, “Go straight down to the corner. Turn left at the big hotel and go past a fruit market. The post office is across from the bus stop.”In the countryside of the American Midwest, there are not usually many landmarks. There are no mountains, so the land is very flat; in many places there are no towns or buildings within miles. Instead of landmarks, people will tell you directions and distances. In Kansas or Iowa, for example, people will say, “Go north two miles. Turn east, and then go another mile.”People in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of distance on the map; they measure distance in time, not miles. “How far away is the post offi ce?” you ask. “Oh,” they answer, “it?sabout five minutes from here.” You say, “Yes, but how many miles away is it?” They don?t know. It?s true that a person doesn?t know the answer to your question sometimes. What happens in such a situation? A New Yorker might say, ?Sorry, I have no idea.” But in Yucatan, Mexico, no one answers “I don?t know.” People in Yucatan believe that “Idon?t know” is impolite, they usually give an answer, often a wrong one.A tourist can get very, very lost in Yucatan!1. When a tourist asks the Japanese the way to a certain place they usually _________A. describe the place carefullyB. show him a map of the placeC. tell him the names of the streetsD. refer to recognizable buildings and places2. What is the place where people measure distance in time?_________A. New York.B. Los Angeles.C. Kansas.D. Iowa.3. People in Yucatan may give a tourist a wrong answer ________A. in order to save timeB. as a testC. so as to be politeD. for fun4. What can we infer from the text? _________A. It?s important for travelers to understand cultural differences.B. It?s useful for travelers to know how to ask the way properly.C. People have similar understandings of politeness.D. New Yorkers are generally friendly to visitors.BHeroes of Our TimeA good heartDikembe Mutombo grew up in Africa among great poverty and disease. He came to Georgetown University on a scholarshipto study medicine ―but Coach John Thompson got a look at Dikembe and had a different idea. Dikembe became a star in the NBA, and a citizen of the United States.But he never forgot the land of his birth, or the duty to share hisfortune with others. He built a new hospital in his old hometown in the Congo. A friend has said of this good-hearted man: “Mutombo believesthat God has given him this chance to do great things.”Success and kindnessAfter her daughter was born, Julie Aigner-Clark searched for ways to share her love of music and art with her child. So she borrowed some equipment, and began filming children?s videos in her own house. The Baby Einstein Company was born, and in just five years her business grew to more than $20 million in sales. And she is using her success to help others ― producing child safety videos with John Walsh of the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children. Julie says of her new program: “I believe it?s the most important thing that I have ever done. I believe that children have the right to live in a world that is safe.”Bravery and courageA few weeks ago, Wesley Autrey was waiting at a Harlem subwaystation with his two little girls when he saw a man fall into the pathof a train. With seconds to act, Wesley jumped onto the tracks, pulled the man into the space between the rails, and held him as the train passed right above their heads. He insists he?s not a hero. He says: “We have got to show each other some love.”A. Being a star in the NBA.B. Being a student of medicine.C. His work in the church.D. His willingness to help the needy..A. helpful to his personal developmentB. something he should do for his homelandC. a chance for his friends to share his moneyD. a way of showing his respect to the NBAA. Produce safety equipment for children.B. Make videos to help protect children.C. Sell children?s music and artwork.D. Look for missing and exploited children.A. He helped a man get across the rails.B. He stopped a man from destroying the rails.C. He protected two little girls from getting hurt.D. He saved a person without considering his own safety.CTom was one of the brightest boys in the year, with supportive parents. But when he was 15 he suddenly stopped trying. He left school at 16 with only two scores for secondary school subjects. One of the reasons that made it cool for him not to care was the power of his peer group.The lack of right male role models in many of their lives ― at home and particularly in the school environment ― means that their peers are the only people they have to judge themselves against.They don?t see men succeeding in society so it doesn?t occur to them that they could make something of themselves. Without male teachers as a role model, the effect of peer actions and street culture is all powerful. Boys want to be part of a club. However, schools can provide the environment for change, and provide the right role models for them. Teachers need to be trained to stop that but not in front of a child?s peers. You have to do it one to one, because that is when you see the real child.It?s pointless sending a child home if he or she has done wrong. They see it as a welcome day off to watch television or play computer games. Instead, schools should have a special unit where a child who has done wrong goes for the day and gets advice about his problems ― somewhere he can work away from his peers and go home after the other children.A. He disliked his teachers.B. His parents no longer supported him.C. It?s cool for boys of his age not to care about studies.D. There were too many subjects in his secondary school..A. Peer groups.B. A special unit.C. The student judges.D. The home environment.A. Wait for their change patiently.B. Train leaders of their peer groups.C. Stop the development of street culture.D. Give them lessons in a separate area.12. A teacher?s work is most effective with a schoolboy when heA. is with the boy alone B. teaches the boy a lessonC. sends the boy home as punishmentD. works together with another teacherDFar from the land of Antarctica, a huge shelf of ice meets the ocean. At the underside of the shelf there lives a small fish, the Antarctic cod.For forty years scientists have been curious about that fish. How does it live where most fish would freeze to death? It must have some secret. The Antarctic is not a comfortable place to work and researchhas been slow. Now it seems we have an answer.Research was begun by cutting holes in the ice and catching the fish. Scientists studied the fish?s blood and measured its freezing point.The fish were taken from seawater that had a temperature of-1.88°C and many tiny pieces of ice floating in it. The blood of the fish didnot begin to freeze until its temperature was lowered to -2.05°C. That small difference is enough for the fish to live at the freezing temperature of the ice-salt mixture.The scientists? next research job was clear: Find out what in the fish?s blood kept it from freezing. Their search led to some really strange thing made up of a protein never before seen in put back, the blood again had its antifreeze quality and a lowered freezing point.Study showed that it is an unusual kind of protein. It has many small sugar molecules(分子)held in special positions within each big protein molecule. Because of its sugar content, it is called a glycoprotein. So it has come to be called the antifreeze fish glycoprotein, or AFGP..A. The terrible conditions in the Antarctic.B. A special fish living in freezing waters.C. The ice shelf around Antarctica.D. Protection of the Antarctic cod..A. The seawater has a temperature of -1.88°C.B. it loves to live in the ice-salt mixtureC. A special protein keeps it from freezing.D. Its blood has a temperature lower than -2.05°C.15. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?A.A type of ice-salt mixture. B. A newly found protein.C. Fish blood.D. Sugar molecule.16. What does “glyco-” in the underlined word “glycoprotein” in the last paragraphA. sugarB. iceC. bloodD. moleculeEIf your boss asks you to work in Moscow this year, he?d better offer you more money to doso ― or even double that depending on where you live now. That?s because Moscow has just been found to be the world?s most expensive city for the second year in a row by Mercer Human Resources Consulting.Using the cost of living in New York as a base, Mercer determined Moscow is 34.4 percent more expensive including the cost of housing, transportation, food, clothing, household goods and entertainment.A two-bedroom flat in Moscow now costs $4,000 a month; a CD $24.83, and an international newspaper $6.30, according to Mercer. By comparison, a fast food meal with a hamburger is London takes the No. 2 place, up from No. 5 a year ago, thanks to higher cost of housing and a stronger British pound relative to the dollar. Mercer estimates London is 26 percent more expensive than New York these days. Following Londonclosely are Seoul and Tokyo, both of which are 22 percent more expensive than New York, while No. 5 Hong Kong is 19 percent more costly.Among North American cities, New York and Los Angeles are the most expensive and are the only two listed in the top 50 of the world?s most expensive cities. But both have fallen since last year?s study ― New York came in 15th, down from 10th place, while Los Angeles fell to 42nd from 29th place a year ago. San Francisco came in a distant third at No. 54, down 20 places from a year earlier.Toronto, meanwhile, is Canada?s most expensive city but fell 35 places to take 82nd place worldwide. In Australia, Sydney is thepriciest place to live in and No. 21 worldwide.17. What do the underlined words “a steal” in Paragraph 3 mean?_________A. an act of stealingB. something deliciousC. something very cheapD. an act of buying18. London has become the second most expensive city because of_________A. the high cost of clothingB. the stronger pound against thedollarC. its expensive transportationD. the high prices of fast food meals19. Which city is the third most expensive on the list? _________A. Tokyo.B. Hong Kong.C. Moscow.D. Sydney.20. Which city has dropped most on the list in North America?A. New York.B. Los Angeles.C. San Francisco.D. Toronto.Part IV: Translation (40 points in all, 20 points for each).1. When he found I would leave him, he took care to prevent me getting employment in anyother printing house of the town by going round and speaking to every master, who accordingly refused to give me work. I then thought of going to New York as the nearest place where there was a printer; and I was the rather inclined to leave Boston when I reflected that I had already made myself a little obnoxious to the governing party; and from the arbitrary proceeding of the Assembly in my brother?s case, it was likely I might if I stayed soon bring myself into scrapes, and further that my indiscreet disputations about religion began to make me pointed at with horror by good people as an infidel or atheist. I determined on the point, but my father now siding with my brother, I was sensible that if I attempted to go openly means would be used to prevent me.2. He had a weak point--this Fortunato--although in other regards he was a man to be[美国文学选读期末试卷]。
美国文学试题及答案
美国文学试题及答案一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 马克·吐温的代表作是以下哪一部？A. 《了不起的盖茨比》B. 《哈克贝利·芬历险记》C. 《白鲸》D. 《老人与海》答案：B2. 爱伦·坡的《乌鸦》属于什么文学流派？A. 浪漫主义B. 现实主义C. 哥特式D. 现代主义答案：C3. 《飘》的作者是谁？A. 弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫B. 玛格丽特·米切尔C. 简·奥斯汀D. 乔治·艾略特答案：B4. 以下哪部作品不是亨利·詹姆斯的作品？A. 《贵妇人的画像》B. 《使节》C. 《简·爱》D. 《贵妇人的画像》答案：C5. 以下哪部作品是威廉·福克纳的代表作？A. 《了不起的盖茨比》B. 《喧哗与骚动》C. 《老人与海》D. 《白鲸》答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共10分）1. 《汤姆叔叔的小屋》的作者是________。
答案：哈丽叶特·比彻·斯托2. 《红字》的作者是________。
答案：纳撒尼尔·霍桑3. 《草叶集》的作者是________。
答案：沃尔特·惠特曼4. 《愤怒的葡萄》的作者是________。
答案：约翰·斯坦贝克5. 《太阳照样升起》的作者是________。
答案：欧内斯特·海明威三、简答题（每题5分，共20分）1. 简述《白鲸》中主人公艾哈布船长的形象。
答案：艾哈布船长是《白鲸》中的主人公，他是一个对捕鲸有着极端执着的船长，他的复仇心理和对白鲸的执念几乎占据了他整个人生。
他的形象代表了人类对自然的挑战和对未知的恐惧。
2. 描述《了不起的盖茨比》中盖茨比的美国梦。
答案：《了不起的盖茨比》中的盖茨比代表了20世纪20年代的美国梦，他通过自己的努力从贫穷中崛起，追求财富和社会地位，但最终因为追求一个无法实现的爱情和对过去的执着而走向悲剧。
美国文学试题模拟卷与答案
美国文学试题模拟卷与答案美国文学期末考试模拟试题及答案I.True or false choices: 20% (One point for each item)(T ) 1. Franklin’s autobiography, published after his death, has become one of the classics of the genre.(F ) 2. In Catch-22, Yossarian devises multiple strategies to fly combat missions, but the militarybureaucracy is always able to find a way to make him stay.(F ) 3. Eben kills the infant in Desire under the Elm and confesses his crime in the end of theplay.(T ) 4. “Dreams” has the meaning to encourage other black people not to give up hope or lose their ideal of a better world, for without hope, life is unbearable.(T ) 5. The Scarlet Letter, published in 1850, is an American novel written by Nathaniel Hawthorne and is generally considered to be his representative work.(F ) 6. Ralph Waldo Emerson was an American essayist, philosopher, poet, and leader of theImagist movement in the early 19th century.(F ) 7. “The Fall of the House of Usher” is one of Poe’s poems.(F ) 8. Saul Bellow’s perceptions center around the black people, the big city, and the spirit ofAmerican life in the second half of the 20th century.(T ) 9. In The Scarlet Letter, Pear is Hester’s illegitimate daughter.(T ) 10. Some present-day critics consider Pound’s Cantos the best long poem in modern literature.(T ) 11. In 1895, Stephen Crane published Maggie: A Girl of Street, which exerted great influence on Theodore Dreiser’s realism.( T) 12. The setting of The Flowering Judas is the Mexican Revolution is the 1920s.(F ) 13. Fitzgerald’s fictional world is the best embodiment of the spirit of the romantic period.(F ) 14. William Faulkner’s woks mainly concerned the decay in economy and moral in theAmerican North.(F ) 15. In Faulkner’s The Sound and the Fury, he used a technique called imagism, in which thewhole story was told through the thoughts of one character.(T ) 16. With the publication of The Sun Also Rises, Ernest Hemingway became the spokesman of the lost generation.(T ) 17. The novel A Farewell to Arms portrays a farewell both to war and love.(F ) 18. The famous poem “A Psalm of Life” was written by Edgar Allen Poe.(F ) 19. “The Raven” is a short story written by Edgar Allen Poe.(F ) 20. T oni Morrison was awarded the Pulitzer Prize in 1988 for her novel The Bluest Eye.II.Match the following writers and their works: 10% (One point for each item)Writers:( g ) 1. Benjamin Franklin Works:a.Ars Poetica( d ) 2. T oni Morrison ( f ) 3. William Faulkner ( a ) 4. Archibald MacLeish( c ) 5. Nathaniel Hawthorne( e ) 6. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow ( b ) 7. Stephen Crane ( j ) 8. Katherine Anne Porter( h ) 9. William Carlos Williams( i ) 10. Saul Bellowb.Maggie: A Girl of the Streetsc.Twice-told Talesd.Belovede. A Psalm of Lifef.Barn Burningg.Poor Richard’s Almanach.Patersoni.Anderson the Rain King j.The Flowering JudasIII.Identify the following by choosing the author’s name and the name of the works: 20% (1 points for each item)1.And now I speak of thanking God, I desire with all humility to acknowledge that I owethe mentioned happiness of my past life to his kind providence, which led me to the means I used and gave them success. My belief of this induces me to hope, though I must not presume, that the same goodness will still be exercised toward me, in continuing that happiness, or enabling me to bear a fatal reverse, which I may experience as others have done, the complexion of my future fortune being known to him only in whose power it is to bless to us even our afflictions.Author: A. William Faulkner B. Benjamin Franklin C. Ralph Waldo EllisonWork: A. The Autobiography B. Barn Burning C. The Great Gatsby2.It must be understood that neither by word nor deed had Igiven Fortunato cause to doubtmy good will. I continued as was my wont, to smile in his face, and he did not perceive that my smile NOW was at the thought of his immolation.Author: A. William Faulkner B. Edgar Allan Poe C. Ralph Waldo EllisonWork: A. The Autobiography B. Barn Burning C.The Cask of Amontillado3.Virtues are, in the popular estimate, rather the exception than the rule. There is the man_and_ his virtues. Men do what is called a good action, as some piece of courage or charity, much as they would pay a fine in expiation of daily non-appearance on parade.Their works are done as an apology or extenuation of their living in the world, -- as invalids and the insane pay a high board. Their virtues are penances. I do not wish to expiate, but to live. My life is for itself and not for a spectacle. I much prefer that it should be of a lower strain, so it be genuine and equal, than that it should be glittering and unsteady.Author: A. Walt Whitman B. William Faulkner C. Ralph W. EmersonWork: A. The Road Not Taken B.I Shot An Arrow C. Self-reliance4.The door of the jail being flung open from within there appeared, in the first place, like ablack shadow emerging into sunshine, the grim and gristly presence of the town-beadle, with a sword by his side, and his staff of office in his hand. This personage prefigured and represented in his aspect the whole dismal severity of the Puritanic code of law, which it was his business to administer inits final and closest application to the offender.Stretching forth the official staff in his left hand, he laid his right upon the shoulder of a young woman, whom he thus drew forward, until, on the threshold of the prison-door, she repelled him, by an action marked with natural dignity and force of character, and stepped into the open air as if by her own free will.Author: A. Nathaniel Hawthorne B. William Faulkner C. Emily DickensonWork: A. Moby Dick B. The Scarlet Letter C. Walden5. A singular disadvantage of the sea lies in the fact that after successfully surmounting onewave you discover that there is another behind it just as important and just as nervously anxious to do something effective in the way of swamping boats. In a ten-foot dingey one can get an idea of the resources of the sea in the line of waves that is not probable to the average experience which is never at sea in a dingey. As each slatey wall of water approached, it shut all else from the view of the men in the boat, and it was not difficult to imagine that this particular wave was the final outburst of the ocean, the last effort of the grim water.Author: A. Henry James B. William Faulkner C. Stephen Crane Work: A.Catch-22 B. The Open Boat C. Miss Jewett6.Doctor Harry spread a warm paw like a cushion on her forehead where the forked greenvein danced and made her eyelids t witch. “Now, now, be a good girl, and we’ll have you up in no time.”Author: A. Oscar Wilde B.H. W. Longfellow C. Katherine Anne PorterWork: A. The Jilting of Granny Weatherall B. Moby Dick C. The Jolly Corner7.But all this part of it seemed remote and unessential. I found myself on Gatsby’s side,and alone. From the moment I telephoned news of the catastrophe to West Egg village, every surmise about him, and every practical question, was referred to me. At first I was surprised and confused; then, as he lay in his house and didn’t move or breathe or speak, hour upon hour, it grew upon me that I was responsible, because no one else was interested—interested, I mean, with that intense personal interest to which every one has some vague right at the end.Author: A. F. S. Fitzgerald B. Arther Miller C. H. W. Longfellow Work: A. Once More To the Lake B. Barn Burning C. The Great Gatsby8. The store in which the justice of the Peace's court was sitting smelled of cheese. The boy,crouched on his nail keg at the back of the crowded room, knew he smelled cheese, and more: from where he sat he could see the ranked shelves close-packed with the solid, squat, dynamic shapes of tin cans whose labels his stomach read, not from the lettering which meant nothing to his mind but from the scarlet devils and the silver c urve of fish…Author: A. F. S. Fitzgerald B. William Faulkner C. Robert FrostWork: A. Invisible Man B. Barn Burning C. The Happy Prince9.It was late and everyone had left the cafe except an old man who sat in the shadow theleaves of the tree made against the electric light. In the daytime the street was dusty, but at night the dew settled the dust and the old man liked to sit late because he was deaf and now at night it was quiet and he felt the difference. The two waiters inside the cafe knew that the old man was a little drunk,and while he was a good client they knew that if he became too drunk he would leave without paying, so they kept watch on him.Author: A. Wallace Stevens B. William Faulkner C. Ernest HemingwayWork: A. Death of a Salesman B.A Clean, Well-lighted PlaceC. Recitatif10.CABOT--Thunder 'n' lightnin', Abbie! I hain't slept this late in fifty year! Looks 's if thesun was full riz a'most. Must've been the dancin' an' likker. Must be gittin' old. I hope Eben's t' wuk. Ye might've tuk the trouble t' rouse me, Abbie. (He turns--sees no one there--surprised) Waal--whar air she? Gittin' vittles, I calc'late. (He tiptoes to the cradle and peers down--proudly) Mornin', sonny. Putty's a picter! Sleepin' sound. He don't beller all night like most o' 'em. (He goes quietly out the door in rear--a few moments later enters kitchen--sees Abbie--with satisfaction) So thar ye be. Ye got any vittles cooked?Author: A.W. C. Williams B. E. G. O’neill C. Saul BellowWork:A. Desire Under the Elms B. Looking for Mr. Green C. Catch-22IV: Complete the following: 20%1.I shot an __ arrow ___ into the air.It fell to __ earth ___ I knew not ___ where __;For so swiftly it __ flew ___ the sightCould not __ follow ___ it in its __ flight ___. (6%)2.Life is __ real ___! Life is __ earnest ___!And the grave is not its __ goal ___;__ Dust __ thou art, to ___ dust __ returnest,Was not spoken of the __ soul ___. (6%)3.Helen, thy ___ beauty __ is to meLike those Nicean barks of yoreThat gently, o’er a __ perfumed ___ sea,The weary, way-worn ___ wanderer __ boreTo his own native _ shore ____. (4%)4.My captain does not answer, his lips are __ pale ___ and __ still ___,My father does not feel my arm, he has no ___ pulse __ nor __ will ___ (4%)V. Rewrite the following into modern English: 10%Of physiology from top to toe I sing,Not physiognomy alone nor brain alone is worthy for the Muse, I say theForm complete is worthier far,The Female equally with the Male I sing.Of Life immense in passion, pulse, and power,Cheerful, for freest action form’d under the laws divine,The Modern Man I sing.I sing for physiology from top to toe. Neither looks alone nor intelligence is worthy for the praise. I say the form is far worthier.I also sing for the equality betweenthe sexes. I sing for the modern man of their life full of passion, pulse and power. They can cheerfully and freely take actions formed under the divine laws./doc/9aad4da05a0216fc700abb68a98 271fe910eaf96.html ment: 20%1.The thousand injuries of Fortunato I had borne as I best could, but when he ventured upon insult I vowed revenge. You, who so well know the nature of my soul, will not suppose, however, that I gave utterance to a threat. At length I would be avenged; this was a point definitely settled—but the verydefinitiveness with which it was resolved precluded me the idea of risk. I must not only punish but punish with impunity. A wrong is unredressed when retribution overtakes its redresser. It is equally unredressed when the avenger fails to make himself felt as such to him who has done the wrong. It must be understood that neither by word nor deed had I given Fortunado cause to doubt my good will. I continued, as was my wont, to smile in his face, and he did not perceive that my smile now was at the thought of his immolation.Answer the following questions:(1) Who is the narrator? What wrong does he want to redress? (5%)(2) What kind of person do you think the narrator is according to the above passage? (5%)2.On the breast of her gown, in fine red cloth, surrounded with an elaborate embroidery and fantastic flourishes of gold thread, appeared the letter A. It was so artistically done, and with so much fertility and gorgeous luxuriance of fancy, that it had all the effect of a last and fitting decoration to the apparel which she wore; and which was of a splendor in accordance with the taste of the age, but greatly beyond what was allowed by the sumptuary regulations of the colony. Answer the following questions:(1)What has happened to Hester? Why does she make the embroidery of the letter A so elaborate?(5%)(2)How does this tell us about her character? (5%)____________________________________________美国文学期末考试试卷模拟试题二IV.True or false choices: 20% (One point for each item)(T ) 1. The short story, Poe says, must be of such length as to be read at one sitting, so as to ensure the totality of impression.(F ) 2. Transcendentalist doctrines found their greatest literary advocates inJefferson and Thoreau.(T ) 3. Williams’ poem “The Red Wheelbarrow” is considered an example of the Imagist movement's style and principles.(F ) 4. Simeon and Peter are the farm owners in Desire under the Elms.(T ) 5. The quotation—“Whatsoever thy hand f indeth to do, do it with thy might…” is the theme of “Looking for Mr. Green”.(T ) 6. Capt. John Yossarian is a fictional character in Joseph Heller’s novel Catch-22.(T ) 7. Set in Puritan Boston in the seventeenth century, The Scarlet Letter tells thestory of Hester Prynne, who gives birth after committing adultery, refuses toname the father, and struggles to create a new life of repentance and dignity.(F ) 8. Franklin says that because his wife may wish to know about his life, he istaking his one week vacation in the English countryside to record his past.(F ) 9. The jar in “Anecdote of the Jar” symbolizes social regulation.(F ) 10. In “The Cask of Amontillado”, Fortunato decides to use Montresor’s fondnessfor wine against him.(T ) 11. Stephen Cra ne’s Maggie: A Girl of Street relates astory of a good woman’s downfall and destruction in a slum environment.(T ) 12. Katherine Anne Porter is characterized by her employment of the stream of consciousness to probe into the inner world of human reality.(T ) 13. F·Scott Fitzgerald is often claimed the literary spokesman of the Jazz Age. (F ) 14. The Sound and the Fury won O·Henry Award in 1939 and is considered as therepresentative of his short story.(T ) 15. In the novel The Old Man and the Sea, Hemingway portrayed an old man shows triumphant event in defeat.(T ) 16. Hemingway’s novel The Sun Also Rises pained the image of the whole generation, the lost generation.(T ) 17. In “I Shot an Arrow”, Longfellow takes the traditional verse forms—the sonnet with the rhythm of aabb aacc ddee.(F ) 18. In “Sonnet—To Science”, Poe praised science for it emancipated the poet’simagination.(T ) 19. Emerson has great influence on Emily Dickinson’s poems.(T ) 20. Toni Morrison is the first American black woman who wins the Nobel Prize. V.Match the following writers and their works: 10% (One point for each item)Writers:( j ) 1. Walt Whiteman( b ) 2. Edgar Allan Poe( f ) 3. Ralph Waldo Emerson ( h ) 4. F·Scott Fitzgerald( a ) 5. Wallace Stevens( i ) 6. Joseph Heller( c ) 7. Eugene Glastone O’Neill ( d ) 8. Ernest Hemingway ( g ) 9. Katherine Anne Porter ( e ) 10. Langston Hughes Works:a.The Man with the Blue Guitarb.The Ravenc.Desire under the Elmsd.For Whom the Bell Tollse.Fine Clothes to the Jewf.Natureg.The Leaning Towerh.The Side of Paradisei.God Knowsj.Leaves of GrassVI.Identify the following by choosing the author’s name and the name of the works: 20% (1 points for each item)1.I have ever had pleasure in obtaining any little anecdotes of myancestors. You may remember the inquiries I made among the remains of my relations when you were with me in England, and the journey I undertook。
美国文学期末试卷及其规范标准答案
《美国文学》期末考试试卷（B卷）1.Poor Richard’s Almanac ( )2.The House of the Seven Gables ( )3.“Raven”( )4.My Antonia ( )5.Babbitt ( )6.A Streetcar Named Desire ( )7.Maggie: A Girl of the Streets ( )8.A Farewell to Arms ( )9.The Call of the Wild ( )10.Long Day's Journey into Night ( )mon Sense ( )12. “Rip Van Winkle”( )13. Walden( )14. The Song of Hiawatha( )15. Uncle Tom’s Cabin( )16.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn( )17.Sister Carrie( )18.The Waste Land( )19. A Farewell to Arms( )20.The Great Gatsby( )1.defined poetry as the rhythmical creation of beauty.2.While working for the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise, Samuel LanghorneClemens adopted the pseudonym , the way of a boatman taking soundings, and meaning two fathoms.3.Ezra Pound initiated a campaign for , which emphasized the directtreatment of an object or situation. He also advocated the language of common speech, but always the exact word.4.Fitzgerald summarized the experiences and attitudes of the 1920s decade in hismasterpiece novel _________.5.is the first American to win the Nobel Prize for Literature for hisvigorous and graphic art of description and his ability to create, with wit and humor, new types of characters.6.The first of American literature was not written by an American, but by___________________, a British captain, who thus became the first American writer.7._________________ has been considered the “Father of modern American Poetry.\8._______________________was a great democratic poet. He is also the great poet touse the form of free verse.9._____________________is the first American lyric poet.10._______________________is also called novel of the road, it strings the incidentson the line of the hero’s travel.Ⅲ. Choose only one answer form the four choices as the most appropriate answer. (30%)1. In American literature, the eighteenth century was the age of the Enlightenment, _______________ was the dominant spirit.A. HumanismB. RationalismC. RevolutionD. Evolution2. Who was considered as the “Poet of American Revolution”?A. Michael WigglesworthB. Edward TaylorC. Anne BradstreetD. Philip Freneau3. The finest example of Hawthorne’s symbolism is the recreation of Puritan Boston in_______.A. The Scarlet LetterB. Young Goodman BrownC. The Marble FaunD. The Ambitious Guest4. ____________ was the most leading spirit of the Transcendental Club.A. ThoreauB. EmersonC. HawthorneD. Whitman5. Choose the work NOT written by Mark Twain.A. The Adventures of Tom SawyerB. Innocents AbroadC. Life on the MississippiD. The Rise of Silas Lapham6. Which is regarded as the “Declaration of Intellectual Independence”?A. The American ScholarB. English TraitsC. The Conduct of LifeD. Representative Men7. Melville’s ____________________ is an encyclopedia of everything, history,philosophy, religion, etc, in addition to a detailed account of the operations of the whaling industry.A. The Old Man and the SeaB. Moby DickC. White JacketD. Billy Budd8. American literature produced only one female poet during the nineteenth century. Thiswas ___________.A. Anne BradstreetB. Jane AustenC. Emily DickinsonD. Harriet Beecher9. The main theme of _______________ The Art of Fiction reveals his literary credo thatrepresentation of life should be the main object of the novel.A. Henry James’B. William Dean Howells’C. Mark Twain’sD. O. Henry’s10. ___________ showed great interest in Chinese literature and translated the poetry of Li Po into English, and was influenced by Confucian ideas.A. Ezra PoundB. Robert FrostC. T. S. EliotD. E. E. Cummings11. With William Dean Howells, Henry James, and Mark Twain active on the scene,_______ became the major trend in the seventies and eighties of the nineteenth century.A. sentimentalismB. romanticismC. realismD. naturalism12. Ezra Pound's long poem____________ contained more than one hundred poemsloosely connected.A. The Waste LandB. The CantosC. Don JuanD. Queen Mab13. In Paris, Ernest Hemingway, along with _____________, accomplished a revolutionin literary style and language.A. Gertrude SteinB. Ezra PoundC. James JoyceD. all of the above14. __________ tells the Joad family' s life from the time they were evicted from theirfarm in Oklahoma until their first winter in California.A. Of Mice and MenB. The Grapes of WrathC. The Great GatsbyD. For Whom the Bell Tolls15. The two areas on which the modem American writers concentrated their criticismwere the failures of American society and ___________ .A. the failure of communication among AmericansB. the economic depressionC. the extreme prosperity of AmericaD. the paradise of New LandIV. Choose TEN of the following and decide whether the statements are true or false. (10%)1. All his literary life, Hawthorne seemed to be haunted by his sense of sin and evil in life.2. Most of the poems in Leaves of Grass are about love and religion.3.The First World War led the American intellectuals to a bitter disillusionment.4. Hemingway’s works have sometimes been read as an essentially negative commentary on a modern world filled with sterility, failure, and death.5.Mark Twain’s region was the Deep South, with its bitter history of slavery, civil war and destruction.6. Ernest Hemingway developed a spare, tight, reportorial prose based on simple sentence structure and using a restricted vocabulary, precise imagery, and an impersonal, dramatic tone.7.John Steinbeck' s theme was usually that simple human virtues such as kindness and fair treatment were far superior to official hard-heartedness, or the dehumanizing cruelty of exploiters for their own commercial advantage.8. Short-lived, the Imagist movement failed to exert a tremendous influence on modern poetry.9. Robert Frost won four Nobel Prizes in his life.10.In his novels, F. Scott Fitzgerald had revealed the stridency of an age of glittering innocence, he had portrayed the hollowness of the American worship of riches and the unending American dream of love, splendor and fulfilled desires.11.Of Plymouth Plantation was written by William Bradford.12.Realists thought highly of individual status and role in the world. The romanticists preferred the innate or intuitive perception by the heart of man. They thought that man was essentially of goodwill, only the civilized society made him degenerate. They pointed out, the means to uproot evils and to save mankind was habits, and to return to “natural primitive state”.13.Deists believed in a Creator God, but rejected providence(Godly direction) and revelation (divine will or Godly "truth")in favor of reason.14..President Lincoln praised Anne Bradstreet as “the little woman who wrote the book that made this great war.”15.Edgar Allan Poe wrote two poems both entitled “ To Helen”.16.The thinking of Locke, Hobbes, and Rousseau also greatly influenced the activethinking of Americans who became increasingly concerned with the possibility of building a government. Locke and Rousseau represented the impulse for a Jeffersonian democracy, and Hobbes represented the point of view, often expressed by Hamilton, of a strong central government.17.Hemingway, Pound, Cummings, Dos Passos, and Fitzgerald, belong to the school of “Beat Generation”.18.F. Scott Fitzgerald is called the leader and poet laureate of the Jazz Age who wrote the novels of the Jazz Age.19.Yoknapatawpha saga is a name for John Steinbeck’s novels.20.“Thanatopsis” is a word Bryant borrowed from Greek meaning “meditation on death”. V. Choose THREE of the following fragments and answer the questions. (20%)Passage OneLo! in you brilliant window-nicheHow statue-like I see thee stand,The agate lamp within thy hand!Ah, Psyche, from the regions whichAre Holy-Land!Questions:1.This is the last stanza of a poem “To Helen”. Its writer is _________.(1%)2. With whom is Helen associated in this stanza? (1%)3. How to appreciate the beauty of this poem? (3%)Passage 2I shall be telling this with a sighSomewhere ages and ages hence:Two roads diverged in a wood, and I-I took the one less traveled by,And that has made all the differenceQuestions:1. Who is the writer of this poem? (1%)2. What is the title of this poem? (1%)3. What kind of feeling does this stanza show? (3%)4. How do you appreciate this poem? (3%)Passage 3I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. I did not wish to live what was not life, living is so dear; nor did I wish to practise resignation, unless it was quite necessary. I wanted to live deep and suck out all the marrow of life, to live so sturdily and Spartan-like as to put to rout all that was not life, to cut a broad swath and shave close, to drive life into a corner, and reduce it to its lowest terms, and, if it proved to be mean, why then to get the whole and genuine meanness of it, and publish its meanness to the world; or if it were sublime, to know it byexperience, and be able to give a true account of it in my next excursion. For most men, it appears to me, are in a strange uncertainty about it, whether it is of the devil or of God. Questions:1. This passage is taken from a famous work entitled _________ . (1%)2. The author of the work is____________ . (1%)3.List by yourself at least five reasons that the author gives for going to live in thewoods. (5%)Passage 4But, on one side of the portal（入口），and rooted almost at the threshold, was a wild rose-bush, covered, in this month of June, with its delicate gems, which might be imagined to offer their fragrance and fragile beauty to the prisoner as he went in, and to the condemned criminal as he came forth to his doom, in token that the deep heart of Nature could pity and be kind to him.Questions:1.This part is from the novel , written by . (2%)2.What does “the wild rose bush” symbolize according to your opinion? (5%)Passage 5Often I think of the beautiful townThat is seated by the sea;Often in thought go up and downThe pleasant streets of that dear old town,And my youth comes back to me.And a verse of a Lapland songIs haunting my memory still:"A boy's will is the wind's will,And the thoughts of youth are long, long thoughts." Questions:1.The stanza is taken from the poem______?(1%)2.The author of the poem is_____ . (1%)3.The seventh line in each Stanza of this poem contains a key word, usually averb, which sums up the feeling established in the stanza. What is the verb andwhat kind feeling that it conveys?(4%)Passage 6Thou hast an house on high erect,Framed by that mighty Architect,With glory richly furnished,Stands permanent though this be fled.It’s purchased and paid for tooBy Him who hath enough to do.Questions:1.This stanza is taken from the poem _______by_______.(2%)2.What is one’s real house according to the poet? (5%)VI. Choose TWO of the following and Comment on them. (20%)1.Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter. （10%）2.Emily Dickinson's “Because I Could not stop for Death”.（10%）3.Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Self-Reliance.（10%）《美国文学》期末考试试卷B卷答案暨评分标准Ⅰ. Choose TEN of the following works and write the names of the authors. (1*10=10%)1.Benjamin Franklin2.Nathaniel Hawthorne3.Edgar Allan Poe4.Willa Cather5.Sinclair Lewis6.Tennessee Williams7.Stephen Crane8.Ernest Hemingway9.Jack London10.Eugene O’Neill11.Thomas Paine12.Washington Irving13.Henry David Thoreau14.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow15.Harriet Beecher Stowe16.Mark Twin17.Theodore Dreiser18.T.S. Eliot19.Ernest Hemingway20.F. Scott FitzgeraldⅡ. Choose FIVE of the following and fill in the blanks. (2*5=10%)1.Edgar Allan Poe2.Mark Twain3.Imagism4.The Great Gatsby5.Sinclair Lewis6.John Smith7.Ezra Pound8.Walt Whitman9.William Cullen Bryant10.Picaresque novelⅢ. Choose only one answer form the four choices as the most appropriate answer. (2*15=30%)IV. Choose TEN of the following and decide whether the statements are true or false. (1*10=10%)V. Choose THREE of the following fragments and answer the questions. (20%)Passage 11.Edgar Allan Poe (1)2.Psyche (1)3.The beauty of form. （diction，rhyme and rhythm，rhetorical devices.）The beauty of content. (3)Passage 21.Robert Frost(1)2."Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"(1)3.This poem is written in classic five-line stanzas, with the rhyme scheme a-b-a-a-b and conversational rhythm. The poem seems to be about the poet, walking in the woods in autumn, choosing which road he should follow on his walk. In reality, it concerns the important decisions which one must make in life, when one must give up one desirable thing in order to possess another. Then, whatever the outcome, one must accept the consequences of one' s choice for it is not possible to go back and have another chance to choose differently.4.In the poem, the poet hesitates for a long time, wondering which road to take, because they are both pretty. In the end, he follows the one which seems to have fewer travelers on it. Symbolically, he chose to follow an unusual, solitary life; perhaps he was speaking of his choice to become a poet rather than some commoner profession. But he always remembers the road which he might have taken, and which would have given him a different kind of life.Passage 3Walden (1)Henry David Thoreau (1)Find the answer from the passage. (5)Passage 41.The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne.(2)2.life and liberty.(2)Passage 51.My Lost Youth.(1)2.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1)3.“haunting" sums up the feeling that was begun earlier with "Often in thought "and "comes back to me" .(3)Passage 61.Upon the Burning of Our House, Anne Bradstreet.(2)2.One's real house is in heaven, built by the great architect, God. (2)VI. Choose TWO of the three passages and comment on them. (20%)1. Analyze Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter. （10%）2. Analyze Emily Dickinson's “Because I Could not stop for Death”.（10%）3. Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Self-Reliance.（10%）The score is given to the theme, (7) content (6) and writing style(7) of the work chosen.。
美国文学期末试卷及答案
《美国文学》期末考试试卷（B卷）1.P oor Richard’s Almanac ( )2.T he House of the Seven Gables ( )3.“Raven” ( )4.M y Antonia ( )5.B abbitt ( )6.A Streetcar Named Desire ( )7.M aggie: A Girl of the Streets ( )8.A Farewell to Arms ( )9.T he Call of the Wild ( )10.Long Day's Journey into Night ( )11. Common Sense ( )12. “Rip Van Winkle”( )13. Walden( )14. The Song of Hiawatha( )15. Uncle Tom’s Cabin( )16. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn( )17. Sister Carrie( )18. The Waste Land( )19. A Farewell to Arms( )20. The Great Gatsby( )1. defined poetry as the rhythmical creation of beauty.2.While working for the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise, SamuelLanghorne Clemens adopted the pseudonym , the way of a boatman taking soundings, and meaning two fathoms.3.Ezra Pound initiated a campaign for , which emphasized the directtreatment of an object or situation. He also advocated the language of common speech, but always the exact word.4.Fitzgerald summarized the experiences and attitudes of the 1920s decadein his masterpiece novel _________.5. is the first American to win the Nobel Prize for Literaturefor his vigorous and graphic art of description and his ability to create, with wit and humor, new types of characters.6.The first of American literature was not written by an American, but by___________________, a British captain, who thus became the first American writer.7._________________ has been considered the “Father of modern AmericanPoetry.\8._______________________was a great democratic poet. He is also the greatpoet to use the form of free verse.9._____________________is the first American lyric poet.10._______________________is also called novel of the road, it strings theincidents on the line of the hero’s travel.Ⅲ. Choose only one answer form the four choices as the most appropriate answer. (30%)1. In American literature, the eighteenth century was the age of the Enlightenment, _______________ was the dominant spirit.A. HumanismB. RationalismC. RevolutionD. Evolution2. Who was considered as the “Poet of American Revolution”?A. Michael WigglesworthB. Edward TaylorC. Anne BradstreetD. Philip Freneau3. The finest example of Hawthorne’s symbolism is the recreation of PuritanBoston in _______.A. The Scarlet LetterB. Young Goodman BrownC. The Marble FaunD. The Ambitious Guest4. ____________ was the most leading spirit of the Transcendental Club.A. ThoreauB. EmersonC. HawthorneD. Whitman5. Choose the work NOT written by Mark Twain.A. The Adventures of Tom SawyerB. Innocents AbroadC. Life on the MississippiD. The Rise of Silas Lapham6. Which is regarded as the “Declaration of Intellectual Independence”?A. The American ScholarB. English TraitsC. The Conduct of LifeD. Representative Men7. Melville’s ____________________ is an encyclopedia of everything,history, philosophy, religion, etc, in addition to a detailed account of the operations of the whaling industry.A. The Old Man and the SeaB. Moby DickC. White JacketD. Billy Budd8. American literature produced only one female poet during the nineteenthcentury. This was ___________.A. Anne BradstreetB. Jane AustenC. Emily DickinsonD. Harriet Beecher9. The main theme of _______________The Art of Fiction reveals his literarycredo that representation of life should be the main object of the novel.A. Henry James’B. William Dean Howells’C. Mark Twain’sD. O. Henry’s10. ___________ showed great interest in Chinese literature and translated the poetry of Li Po into English, and was influenced by Confucian ideas.A. Ezra PoundB. Robert FrostC. T. S. EliotD. E. E. Cummings11. With William Dean Howells, Henry James, and Mark Twain active on thescene, _______ became the major trend in the seventies and eighties of the nineteenth century.A.sentimentalismB. romanticismC.realismD. naturalism12. Ezra Pound's long poem____________ contained more than one hundredpoems loosely connected.A. The WasteLandB. The CantosC. DonJuanD. Queen Mab13. In Paris, Ernest Hemingway, along with _____________, accomplished arevolution in literary style and language.A. GertrudeSteinB. Ezra PoundC. James JoyceD. all of the above14. __________ tells the Joad family' s life from the time they were evictedfrom their farm in Oklahoma until their first winter in California.A. Of Mice andMenB. The Grapes of WrathC. The GreatGatsbyD. For Whom the Bell Tolls15. The two areas on which the modem American writers concentrated theircriticism were the failures of American society and ___________ .A. the failure of communication among AmericansB. the economic depressionC. the extreme prosperity of AmericaD. the paradise of New LandIV. Choose TEN of the following and decide whether the statements are true or false. (10%)1. All his literary life, Hawthorne seemed to be haunted by his sense of sin and evil in life.2. Most of the poems in Leaves of Grass are about love and religion.3.The First World War led the American intellectuals to a bitter disillusionment.4. Hemingway’s works have sometimes been read as an essentially negative commentary on a modern world filled with sterility, failure, and death.5.Mark Twain’s region was the Deep South, with its bitter history of slavery, civil war and destruction.6. Ernest Hemingway developed a spare, tight, reportorial prose based on simple sentence structure and using a restricted vocabulary, precise image-ry, and an impersonal, dramatic tone.7.John Steinbeck' s theme was usually that simple human virtues such as kindness and fair treatment were far superior to official hard-heartedness, or the dehumanizing cruelty of exploiters for their own commercial advantage.8. Short-lived, the Imagist movement failed to exert a tremendous influence on modern poetry.9. Robert Frost won four Nobel Prizes in his life.10.In his novels, F. Scott Fitzgerald had revealed the stridency of an age of glittering innocence, he had portrayed the hollowness of the American worship of riches and the unending American dream of love, splendor and fulfilled desires.11.Of Plymouth Plantation was written by William Bradford.12.Realists thought highly of individual status and role in the world. The romanticists preferred the innate or intuitive perception by the heart of man. They thought that man was essentially of goodwill, only the civilized society made him degenerate. They pointed out, the means to uproot evils and to save mankind was habits, and to return to “natural primitive state”.13. Deists believed in a Creator God, but rejected providence(Godly direction) and revelation (divine will or Godly "truth")in favor of reason.14..President Lincoln praised Anne Bradstreet as “the little woman who wrote the book that made this great war.”15.Edgar Allan Poe wrote two poems both entitled “ To Helen”.16.The thinking of Locke, Hobbes, and Rousseau also greatly influenced theactive thinking of Americans who became increasingly concerned with the possibility of building a government. Locke and Rousseau represented the impulse for a Jeffersonian democracy, and Hobbes represented the point of view, often expressed by Hamilton, of a strong central government.17.Hemingway, Pound, Cummings, Dos Passos, and Fitzgerald, belong to the school of “Beat Generation”.18.F. Scott Fitzgerald is called the leader and poet laureate of the Jazz Age who wrote the novels of the Jazz Age.19.Yoknapatawpha saga is a name for John Steinbeck’s novels.20.“Thanatopsis”is a word Bryant borrowed from Greek meaning “meditation on death”.V. Choose THREE of the following fragments and answer the questions. (20%)Passage OneLo! in you brilliant window-nicheHow statue-like I see thee stand,The agate lamp within thy hand!Ah, Psyche, from the regions whichAre Holy-Land!Questions:1.This is the last stanza of a poem “To Helen”. Its writer is _________.(1%)2. With whom is Helen associated in this stanza? (1%)3. How to appreciate the beauty of this poem? (3%)Passage 2I shall be telling this with a sighSomewhere ages and ages hence:Two roads diverged in a wood, and I-I took the one less traveled by,And that has made all the differenceQuestions:1. Who is the writer of this poem? (1%)2. What is the title of this poem? (1%)3. What kind of feeling does this stanza show? (3%)4. How do you appreciate this poem? (3%)Passage 3I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. I did not wish to live what was not life, living is so dear; nor did I wish to practise resignation, unless it was quite necessary. I wanted to live deep and suck out all the marrow of life, to live so sturdily and Spartan-like as to put to rout all that was not life, to cut a broad swath and shave close, to drive life into a corner, and reduce it to its lowest terms, and, if it proved to be mean, why then to get the whole and genuine meanness of it, and publish its meanness to the world; or if it were sublime, to know it by experience, and be able to give a true account of it in my next excursion. For most men, it appears to me, are in a strange uncertainty about it, whether it is of the devil or of God.Questions:1. This passage is taken from a famous work entitled _________ . (1%)2. The author of the work is____________ . (1%)3.List by yourself at least five reasons that the author gives for goingto live in the woods. (5%)Passage 4But, on one side of the portal（入口），and rooted almost at the threshold, was a wild rose-bush, covered, in this month of June, with its delicate gems,which might be imagined to offer their fragrance and fragile beauty to the prisoner as he went in, and to the condemned criminal as he came forth to his doom, in token that the deep heart of Nature could pity and be kind to him.Questions:1.This part is from the novel ,written by . (2%)2.What does “the wild rose bush”symbolize according to your opinion?(5%)Passage 5Often I think of the beautiful townThat is seated by the sea;Often in thought go up and downThe pleasant streets of that dear old town,And my youth comes back to me.And a verse of a Lapland songIs haunting my memory still:"A boy's will is the wind's will,And the thoughts of youth are long, long thoughts." Questions:1.The stanza is taken from the poem______?(1%)2.The author of the poem is_____ . (1%)3.The seventh line in each Stanza of this poem contains a key word,usually a verb, which sums up the feeling established in the stanza.What is the verb and what kind feeling that it conveys?(4%)Passage 6Thou hast an house on high erect,Framed by that mighty Architect,With glory richly furnished,Stands permanent though this be fled.It’s purchased and paid for tooBy Him who hath enough to do.Questions:1.This stanza is taken from the poem _______by_______.(2%)2.What is one’s real house according to the poet? (5%)VI. Choose TWO of the following and Comment on them. (20%)1.Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter. （10%）2.Emily Dickinson's “Because I Could not stop for Death”.（10%）3.Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Self-Reliance.（10%）《美国文学》期末考试试卷B卷答案暨评分标准Ⅰ. Choose TEN of the following works and write the names of the authors. (1*10=10%)1.Benjamin Franklin2.Nathaniel Hawthorne3.Edgar Allan Poe4.Willa Cather5.Sinclair Lewis6.Tennessee Williams7.Stephen Crane8.Ernest Hemingway9.Jack London10.Eugene O’Neill11.Thomas Paine12.Washington Irving13.Henry David Thoreau14.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow15.Harriet Beecher Stowe16.Mark Twin17.Theodore Dreiser18.T.S. Eliot19.Ernest Hemingway20. F. Scott FitzgeraldⅡ. Choose FIVE of the following and fill in the blanks. (2*5=10%)1.Edgar Allan Poe2.Mark Twain3.Imagism4.The Great Gatsby5.Sinclair Lewis6.John Smith7.Ezra Pound8.Walt Whitman9.William Cullen Bryant10.Picaresque novelⅢ. Choose only one answer form th e four choices as the most appropriate answer. (2*15=30%)IV. Choose TEN of the following and decide whether the statements are true or false. (1*10=10%)V. Choose THREE of the following fragments and answer the questions. (20%)Passage 11.Edgar Allan Poe (1)2.Psyche (1)3.The beauty of form. （diction，rhyme and rhythm，rhetorical devices.）The beauty of content. (3)Passage 21.Robert Frost(1)2."Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"(1)3.This poem is written in classic five-line stanzas, with the rhyme scheme a-b-a-a-b and conversational rhythm. The poem seems to be about the poet, walking in the woods in autumn, choosing which road he should follow on his walk. In reality, it concerns the important decisions which one must make in life, when one must give up one desirable thing in order to possess another. Then, whatever the outcome, one must accept the consequences of one' s choice for it is not possible to go back and have another chance to choose differently.4.In the poem, the poet hesitates for a long time, wondering which road to take, because they are both pretty. In the end, he follows the one whichseems to have fewer travelers on it. Symbolically, he chose to follow an unusual, solitary life; perhaps he was speaking of his choice to become a poet rather than some commoner profession. But he always remembers the road which he might have taken, and which would have given him a different kind of life.Passage 3Walden (1)Henry David Thoreau (1)Find the answer from the passage. (5)Passage 41.The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne.(2)2.life and liberty.(2)Passage 51.My Lost Youth.(1)2.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1)3.“haunting" sums up the feeling that was begun earlier with "Often in thought "and "comes back to me" .(3)Passage 61.Upon the Burning of Our House, Anne Bradstreet.(2)2.One's real house is in heaven, built by the great architect, God. (2) VI. Choose TWO of the three passages and comment on them. (20%)1. Analyze Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter. （10%）2. Analyze Emily Dickinson's “Because I Could not stop for Death”.（10%）3. Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Self-Reliance.（10%）The score is given to the theme, (7) content (6) and writing style(7) of the work chosen.。
美国文学 期末考试试卷及答案 精品推荐
2017 — 2018 学年第 一 学期《美国文学》期末考试试卷（A 卷）适用班级 考试时间 120 分钟学院 班级 学号 姓名Ⅰ. Choose TEN of the following works and write the names of the authors. (10%)1. Octopus ( )2. Maggie, A Girl of the Streets ( )3. Babbitt ( )4. White Fang ( )5. “Legend of Sleepy Hollow” ( )6. My Antonia ( )7. “Birches” ( )8. Poor Richard’s Alma nac ( )9. Light in August ( )10. Twice Told Tales ( )11. The Declaration of Independence ( )12. “Rip Van Winkle ”( )13. Nature ( )14. The Song of Hiawatha ( )15. Uncle Tom ’s Cabin ( )16. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn ( )17. Sister Carrie( )18. The Waste Land ( )19. For Whom the Bell Tolls ( )20. The Emperor Jones ( )(10%)1._________________________was one of the founders of theJamestown colony in Virginia in 1607 and is known for his work describing the colonies.2.__________________________was a determined revolutionary whosework helped the cause of the American Revolution considerably, but who lost his popularity long before his death.3.The term refers to the group of people, some of themimportant to American literature (especially secular essay writing), who led the American Revolution and helped create the early American Republic.4.________________________was an early form of horror fiction thatoriginated in 18th century Europe and was very popular in America during the Romantic Period.5._____________________________, known for her deeply personalpoems and radically different poetic themes and form, didn’t achieve fame as a poet until long after her death.6.The first of American literature was not written by an American, but by___________________, a British captain, who thus became the first American writer.7. _________________ has been entitled the “Father of AmericanPoetry.8._______________________was the first great prose stylist ofAmerican romanticism, author of the first American short stories and familiar essays , the first American author to achieve international distinction, and has a significant position in the history of American literature.9._____________________is the first American professional writer andthe first writer of the detective story in the world.10._______________________is also called novel of the road, it stringsthe incidents on the line of the hero’s travel.Ⅲ. Choose only one answer form the four choices as themost appropriate answer. (30%)1. Anne Bradstreet was a Puritan poet. When her poems were published in England, she became know as the “______” who appeared in America.A Ninth MuseB Tenth MuseC Best MuseD First Muse2. ______ is the sometimes exaggerated use of local language, characters and customs in regional literature.A purple proseB waste-land imageryC local colorD symbolism3. The first great flourishing of African American literature that appealed to a relatively large literate Black readership was known as_____.A The HolocaustB The Harlem RenaissanceC AbolitionismD The Civil Rights Movement4. _______ was a leading 19th century feminist and one of the core members of the Transcendentalist movement.A Margaret FullerB Sylvia PlathC Hilda DoolittleD Gloria Stein5. Which of the following is not typical of modern poetry?A gushing sentimentalism and comfortable imagesB abandonment of earlier verse formsC use of free verseD an effort to find and/or explore a new role for the poet in a changing world6. Who was perhaps the most popular of all 20th century American poets?A Ezra PoundB Walt WhitmanC Robert FrostD Allen Ginsburg7. The Fitzgeralds lived so extravagantly that they frequently spent more money than F. Scoot Fitzgerald earned for parties, liquor, entertaining their friends and traveling. It was this living style that nicknamed the decade of the 1920s as_______.A The Jazz AgeB The Gilded AgeC The Roaring AgeD The Beat Age8. Which is true of the “Fireside Poets”?A They were generally strongly in favor of abolishing slavery.B They were deeply involved in the Transcendentalist movement.C They were a group of 19th century New England poets who weretremendously popular and respected at the time they wrote.D They opposed to tradition and were in favor of radical change.9. Ernest Hemingway was badly wounded in Italy and sent to a hospital where he fell in love with a nurse. These two persons later became the characters of his novel ________.A The Old Man and the SeaB For Whom the Bell TollsC The Sun Also RisesD A Farewell to Arms10. The Brahmists or Boston Brahmi, in American literature, refers to _______.A The highest ranking of the Hindu castes.B A movement that emerged from rebellion against Puritan religious ideas and systems.C A group of New England writers known for their scholarship and/or conservative philosophy.D A school of imaginative writing.11. Which of the following is one of Ben Franklin’s famous proverbs?A “A stitch in time saves nine”B “God helps those who help themselves”C “A Friend in need is a friend indeed”D “Ask not who the bell tolls, the bell tolls for thee”12. ___________ was a reaction to the ideas of the Age of Reason and the Enlightenment.A RomanticismB RealismC NaturalismD Modernism13. Although few of her poems were published in her lifetime and a complete collection of them didn’t appear until the 1950’s, _____ had a major impact on 20th century poetry.A Anne BradstreetB Gertrude SteinC Emily DickinsonD Amy Lowell14. Which of the following writers died a natural death in his old age?A Jack LondonB Ernest HemingwayC Stephen CraneD Mark Twain15. Who of the following is NOT a 20th century American poet?A Henry Wordsworth LongfellowB Amy LowellC Ezra PoundD Robert FrostIV. Choose TEN of the following and decide whether thestatements are true or false. (10%)1.Hawthorne was a firm believer in Puritan principles and mourned theirpassing in his works.2.Frederick Douglas was a major 19th century black writer.3.The sound of Whitman’s words casts a magic, romantic spell overreaders. His tone is awesome, sad and melancholy.4.Haiku, a form of traditional Japanese poetry, greatly influenced theImagist movement.5.Leaves of Grass is Whitman’s life work.6.Thanks in part to the efforts of Ezra Pound, Robert Frost was publishedin England and quickly became recognized as a major American poet. 7.In 1954, T. S. Eliot was awarded a Nobel Prize for his “mastery of theart of modern narration.”8.Hemingway believed that a man could find meaning in life by facing hisdeath with dignity and courage.9.Thomas Jefferson was famous for powerful, persuasive essays, such ashis pamphlet Common Sense, which persuaded many people to support the American Revolution.10.William Hill Brown’s The Power of Sympathy, written in 1789, is oftencalled “the first American novel”.11.The literary movement of American romanticism was generally dividedinto two stages: pre-romanticism and post-romanticism.12.Realists thought highly of individual status and role in the world. Theromanticists preferred the innate or intuitive perception by the heart of man. They thought that man was essentially of goodwill, only the civilized society made him degenerate. They pointed out, the means to uproot evils and to save mankind was habits, and to return to “natural primitive state”.13.The Scarlet Letter is called an economical novel because there are onlythree chief characters-or four if we include the child Pearl.14.President Lincoln praised Anne Bradstreet as “the little woman whowrote the book that made this great war.”15.Edgar Allan Poe wrote two poems both entitled “ To Helen”.16.Literary naturalism may be regarded as the new development of literaryrealism, and was sometimes called “pessimistic realism.”The naturalistic writers were philosophical pessimists.17.Hemingway, Pound, Cummings, Dos Passos, and Fitzgerald, belong tothe school of “Beat Generation”.18.F. Scott Fitzgerald is called the leader and poet laureate of the Jazz Agewho wrote the novels of the Jazz Age.19.Yoknapatawpha saga is a name for John Steinbeck’s novels.20.“Thanatopsis”is a word Bryant borrowed from Latin meaning“meditation on death”.the questions. (20%)Passage 1The apparition of these faces in the crowd;Petals on a wet, black bough.Questions:1.Who is the writer of this poem? _______________(1%)2.What is the title of this poem? _______________(1%)3.What images in this poem suggest Haiku poetry and what images are“modern”? (2%)4.What is the effect of the parallel between lines one and two of the poem?And what feeling and meaning does the poem express to you? (2%)Passage 2It was late and everyone had left the caféexcept an old man who sat in the shadow the leaves of the tree made against the electric light. In the daytime the street was dusty, but at night the dew settled the dust and the old man liked to sit late because he was deaf and now at night it was quiet and he felt the difference. Questions:1.This part is from the novel , written by .(2%)2.Why does the old man get drunk every night and why did he commitsuicide? (2%)3.What does the young waiter think of the old man and how does he treathim? (3%)Passage 3I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the es-sential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. I did not wish to live what was not life, living is so dear; nor did I wish to practise resignation, unless it was quite necessary. I wanted to live deep and suck out all the marrow of life, to live so sturdily and Spartan-like as to put to rout all that was not life, to cut a broad swath and shave close, to drive life into a corner, and reduce it to its lowest terms, and, if it proved to be mean, why then to get the whole and genuine meanness of it, and publish its meanness to the world; or if it were sublime, to know it by experience, and be able to give a true account of it in my next excursion. For most men, it appears to me, are in a strange uncertainty about it, whether it is of the devil or of God.Questions:1.This passage is taken from a famous work entitled _________ . (1%)2.The author of the work is____________ . (1%)3.List by yourself at least five reasons that the author gives for going tolive in the woods. (5%)Passage 4But, on one side of the portal（入口），and rooted almost at the threshold, was a wild rose-bush, covered, in this month of June, with its delicate gems, which might be imagined to offer their fragrance and fragile beauty to the prisoner as he went in, and to the condemned criminal as he came forth to his doom, in token that the deep heart of Nature could pity and be kind to him.Questions:1.This part is from the novel , written by .(2%)2.What does “the wild rose bush” symbolize according to your opinion?(5%)Passage 5It was many and many a year ago,In a kingdom by the sea,That a maiden there lived whom you may know.By the name of Annabel Lee; —And this maiden she lived with no other thoughtThan to love and be loved by me.Questions:1.The stanza is taken from the poem________________?(1%)2.The author of the poem is____________ . (1%)3.What is the most obvious rhetorical device the author uses for effect?(4%)Passage 6Thou hast an house on high erect,Framed by that mighty Architect,With glory richly furnished,Stands permanent though this be fled.It’s purchased and paid for tooBy Him who hath enough to do.Questions:1.This stanza is taken from the poem__________________________by____________.(2%)2.What is one’s real house according to the poet? (5%)VI. Choose TWO of the following and Comment on them.(20%)1.Robert Frost' s The Road Not Taken.（10%）2.Eugene O' Neill’s Long Day's Journey into Night.（10%）3.Talk about Adgar Allan Poe's social outlook and writings （10%）ment on Hawthorne’s style.（10%）《美国文学》期末考试试卷A卷答案暨评分标准适用班级060511-3 考试时间120 分钟Ⅰ. Choose TEN of the following works and write the names of the authors. (1*10=10%)1.Frank Norris2.Stephen Crane3.Sinclair Lewis4.Jack London5.Washington Irving6.Willa Cather7.Robert Frost8.Benjamin Franklin9.William Faulkner10.Nathaniel Hawthorne11.Thomas Jefferson12.Washington Irving13.Ralph Waldo Emerson14.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow15.Harriet Beecher Stowe16.Mark Twin17.Theodore Dreiser18.T.S. Eliot19.Ernest Hemingway20.Eugene O’NeillⅡ. Choose FIVE of the following and fill in the blanks. (2*5=10%)1.John Smith2.Thomas Paine3.“founding fathers”4.Gothic Fiction5.Emily Dickenson6.John Smith7.Philip Freneau8.Washington Irving9.Edgar Allan Poe10.Picaresque novelⅢ. Choose only one answer form the four choices as the most appropriate answer. (2*15=30%)IV. Choose TEN of the following and decide whether the statements are true or false. (1*10=10%)V. Choose THREE of the following fragments and answer the questions. (20%)Passage 11.Ezra Pound (1)2.In A Station of the Metro (1)3.Answer should comment on the parallel between the “modern” imagery(description of urban crowds and transportation, loneliness) of the firstline and the traditional “Oriental” imagery (budding flowers on a tree,wetness) of the second line. (2)4.What is the effect of the parallel between lines one and two of the poem?Describe the stylistic result of the parallel and the feelings it evokes (2)Passage 21.This part if from the short story “A Clean Well Light Room” written byErnest Hemingway. (2)2.D escribe the old man’s character and relate it to the nihilist philosophyexpressed in the story. (2)3.What does the young waiter think of the old man (and why) and howdoes he treat him? Describe the young man’s character, his lack ofunderstanding of the old man and the significance of how he treats theold man as described in the story. (3)Passage 31.Walden (1)2.Henry David Thoreau (1)3.Find the answer from the passage. (5)Passage 41.The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne.(2)2.life and liberty.(5)Passage 51.Annabel Lee.(1)2.Edgar Allan Poe. (1)3.repetition or refrains.(4)Passage 61.Upon the Burning of Our House, Anne Bradstreet.(2)2.One's real house is in heaven, built by the great architect, God. (5) VI. Choose TWO of the following and Comment on them. (20%)1. Robert Frost’s The Road Not Taken. (10%)•This poem is written in classic five-line stanzas, with the rhyme scheme a-b-a-a-b and conversational rhythm. The poem seems to be about thepoet, walking in the woods in autumn, choosing which road he shouldfollow on his walk. In reality, it concerns the important decisions whichone must make in life, when one must give up one desirable thing inorder to possess another. Then, whatever the outcome, one must acceptthe consequences of one' s choice for it is not possible to go back andhave another chance to choose differently.•In the poem, the poet hesitates for a long time, wondering which road to take, because they are both pretty. In the end, he follows the one whichseems to have fewer travelers on it. Symbolically, he chose to follow anunusual, solitary life; perhaps he was speaking of his choice to become apoet rather than some commoner profession. But he always remembersthe road which he might have taken, and which would have given him adifferent kind of life.2. Eugene O' Neill’s Long Day's Journey into Night. (10%)•Long Day's Journey into Night is somewhat autobiographical. The Tyrones of the play are in fact modeled on the Eugene O' Neill family.The four major characters include James Tyrone, the father, a famousactor, anxious to become rich at the expense of his own talent; MaryTyrone, the mother, a drug addict; Jamie Tyrone, their elder son, andEdmund Tyrone, their younger son. The Mother becomes mentally illbecause she is extremely unhappy with her married life. Young Jamieloses faith in life, while Edmund the wanderer comes back withtuberculosis. All the four suffer frustrations and wish to escape from theharsh reality, James and Jamie look for solace in their cups, while Maryand Edmund seek the protection of the fog which they hope wouldscreen them from the intrusion of the world outside. They meet in theliving room of the family' s summer home at 8:30 a. m. of a day inAugust, 1912, and torment one another and themselves until midnight.The father is angry with the mother for her drug addiction, the motherwith his sons for being good for nothing, and the sons with their parentsfor not being good parents. All are torn in a war between love and hate,and no one is sure which is the stronger emotion. Life is too painful forthem even to try and make sense of it. Edmund ' s desperate advice inface of the horrible burden of Time weighing on people ' s shoulders andcrushing them to the earth is to lose feeling in their cups and stay alwaysdrunk. Thus the long day journeys into night when the tragedy of thefamily is finally enacted. No relief is felt, no light is seen, and all ends inthe engulfing darkness.•In a figurative sense, Long Day' s Journey into Night is a metaphor for Eugene 0' Neill' s lifelong endeavor to find truth and the way toacceptance. The former he found, namely, the faithless, fragmentarynature of modern life, whereas the latter he did not; for him all passedinto night. In despair Eugene O' Neill thought of the old God of theCatholic church on which, it is ironical to not, he had turned his backlong before.3. Talk about Adgar Allan Poe's social outlook and writings （10%）●Poe admired aristocratic society，distrusted the leveling tendency ofdemocracy, and expressed contempt for uplift movements of progress（提高社会地位的进步运动）.He deplored America's increasing industrialization.In his more sardonic comments on democracy, he says that it amounts to the tyranny "of a mob." He could be associated with those literary men in the 1840's and 1850's，who became, in M elville's words , "isolates（孤僻者，与世隔绝者）, " who were (at least in theory)divorced from society. Yet Poe's criticism of contemporary America cut deeper than that of his contemporaries, causing an isolation more nearly absolute than theirs (see Hawthorne). He was more interested in redeeming and refining language.He was called the "great literary engineer."●Poe also dramatizes for us what has been called the demonic side of thenineteenth century. His tales are filled with assassination and non-escape ,with violence and death. Many of his characters are obsessed with a fear of death. Some of them strive to come back from the tomb;others are terrified of being buried alive or in fact are buried alive like Madeline in "The Fall of the House of Usher. "The two obsessions are part of a general fear of retaining consciousness in a world that is dead.●Poe was preoccupied with the disintegration of culture, with decadence. Hegives us a vision of "dehumanized man." P oe’s characters are dead to the world, machines of sensation and will. They are not willing to live in their own skins. For Poe's characters, the body is a mere machine. It refuses to be reconciled to the flesh and its mortal fate.●As a consequence , Poe's characters insist on living with an intensity andfear that has no relation to the limitations imposed by biological and physical laws. They do not seem to eat or drink ,they do not work.Occasionally they read or play on musical instruments. They are constantly musing about their lives. They speak to each other intensely and with passion. They live only in their heads—all a matter of intellect and imagination.●Poe's typical heroines are usually afflicted with mysterious diseases. Theyvisibly waste away before their lovers’ eyes. Their lovers or husbands can see that they are perishing and the heroines themselves are thoroughly aware of it, but the process cannot be halted. But they are not willing to let go of their lovers.●His characters fear the final moment, which constantly threatens them whilethey are alive, since they have no contact with the world of nature or with religion, being just sheer intelligence which is not connected with anything providing life or spiritual fulfillment. One critic has written :"Poe is not interested in anything that is alive. Everything in Poe is dead —the houses, the rooms, the furniture." Death is a predominant theme of Poe's poetry.The setting of "The Raven," his most celebrated poem, is like that of his tales : the unhappy, unresolved lover sits in an elaborately furnished room, trying to find peace from sorrow in his books and conducting a curious dialogue with his midnight visitant ,a black, deathlike symbol—the raven.Death is also the theme of the curious poem, "Ulalume(尤拉鲁姆)" and "The City in the Sea. "Some literary critics suggest that Poe’s intention was to recognize the impulse,always kept hidden, to kill, even to do violence to one's own nature.●Yet if the world of Poe's imagination is haunted by death and if the tales inparticular seem morbid and obsessed, why did they appeal to the audience of Poe's day? And can they have anything to say to us? The answer would have to be that in spite of their fantastic character they do，at some level, reveal what was going on in the psyche of nineteenth century man.Something like a disintegration of personality was occurring in Poe's life time, and the strange horrors that Poe described produced some echoes in the thoughts of his contemporaries. His audience had a craving for the sensational and the shocking. Writers and sensitive thinkers saw man as spiritually gutted),being pushed into an insane, inhuman world created by the rapidly growing process of industrialization.●Strangely enough, however, Poe had a fascination with the power of reason,despite his emphasis on the irrational. In stories like "The Murders in the Rue Morgue" and "The Purloined Letter , " reason is applied to the solution of a baffling crime. Even a few of Poe's tales of nightmare terror come tohappy endings precisely because the hero can think his way through a problem. Though the hero of "The Pit and the Pendulum" cannot, by his unaided efforts, save himself from the death intended for him, he uses his head to keep himself alive until help from the outside comes. In fact, one kind of Poe's characters must be those who are forced to fall back on the resources of one's mind.●Just as he was fascinated with the process of reason, Poe was interested inthe deviousness(曲折) of the human soul. He placed emphasis on how the unconscious motivates human beings, not unlike the Romantics of his day, but to a greater extent. Unlike the Romantics, Poe examined irrational drives; he wanted to bring reason to bear on areas which, in his time, were regarded as lying beyond its boundaries or else were ignored altogether. In other words, Poe used his reason to discover the source of the irrational.This is especially evident in "Tell-Tale Heart."●Poe's tragic life and his concentration on death were his extreme and poeticresponse to that which was elaborated upon, in naturalistic terms, fifty years later. He was unusually sensitive to the world of his own day, affected by it intensely ，causing his isolation. Though he wanted to find his place in a traditional society, his failure to do so may well have heightened his sense of lonely individualism. It is this sense of alienation which has carried itself through the greatest of literature in America.4. Comment on Hawthorne’s style.（10%）●His style is also noteworthy for his frequent use of images. Metaphors andsimiles abound, most of them stirringly fresh and effective. He makes skillful use of colors as a means for conveying mood. Black ,red and gray predominate.●Hawthorne's sentences, like his language, show the effects of his long yearsof study and practice in writing. There are few of the awkward sentences which may be found in Cooper. The sentences may appear, to a twentieth century reader, to be too consistently long. But they were not abnormally long for their day. In the most complex sentences ,however, grammatical subordination is employed with sufficient logic and variety to make the writing smooth and clear.●Another reflection of the times in which Hawthorne wrote is seen in hispunctuation. Many of his works are over-punctuated, by modern standards;there are superfluous commas, excessive dashes, and far too many exclamation points. In most cases his words are forceful enough to achieve the emphasis he desires, and the attempt to show such emphasis by using exclamation points is not necessary. But Hawthorne cannot be condemned for following the mechanical conventions of his day.●Hawthorne depends heavily on summarized historical narrative, but linksscenes dramatically. Occasionally, he will interrupt his works to address the reader directly, with some comment on the story, some piece of background information, or a brief moral essay.● A characteristic device of Hawthorne’s，which is employed several timesin The Scarlet Letter, is the "optional reading, " Hawthorne uses concrete objects as well as characters to serve as his symbols. He concentrates on a few main symbols repeated often in the story, and uses the fluidity of character development to illustrate the ways in which symbols grow and change based upon one's perception of them.。
美国文学期末试卷及答案
characters.6.The first of American literature was not written by anAmerican, but by ___________________, a British captain, who thus became the first American writer.7._________________ has been considered the “Fatherof modern American Poetry.\8._______________________was a great democraticpoet. He is also the great poet to use the form of free verse.9._____________________is the first American lyricpoet.10._______________________is also called novel of theroad, it strings the incidents on the line of the hero’s travel.Ⅲ. Choose only one answer form the four choices as the most appropriate answer. (30%)1. In American literature, the eighteenth century was the age of the Enlightenment, _______________ was the dominant spirit.A. HumanismB. RationalismC. RevolutionD. Evolution2. Who was considered as the “Poet of American Revolution”?A. Michael WigglesworthB. Edward TaylorC. Anne BradstreetD. Philip Freneau3. The finest example of Hawthorne’s symbolism is the recreation of Puritan Boston in _______.A. The Scarlet LetterB. Young Goodman BrownC. The Marble FaunD. The Ambitious Guest4. ____________ was the most leading spirit of the Transcendental Club.A. ThoreauB. EmersonC. HawthorneD. Whitman5. Choose the work NOT written by Mark Twain.A. The Adventures of Tom SawyerB. Innocents AbroadC. Life on the MississippiD. The Rise of Silas Lapham6. Which is regarded as the “Declaration of Intellectual Independence”?A. The American ScholarB. English TraitsC. The Conduct of LifeD. Representative Men7. Melville’s ____________________ is an encyclopedia of everything, history, philosophy, religion, etc, in addition to a detailed account of the operations of the whaling industry.A. The Old Man and the SeaB. Moby DickC. White JacketD. Billy Budd8. American literature produced only one female poetduring the nineteenth century. This was ___________.A. Anne BradstreetB. Jane AustenC. Emily DickinsonD. Harriet Beecher9. The main theme of _______________The Art ofFiction reveals his literary credo that representation of life should be the main object of the novel.A. Henry James’B. William Dean Howells’C. Mark Twain’sD. O. Henry’s10. ___________ showed great interest in Chinese literature and translated the poetry of Li Po into English, and was influenced by Confucian ideas.A. Ezra PoundB. Robert FrostC. T. S. EliotD. E. E. Cummings11. With William Dean Howells, Henry James, and Mark Twain active on the scene, _______ became the major trend in the seventies and eighties of the nineteenth century.A. sentimentalismB. romanticismC. realismD. naturalism12. Ezra Pound's long poem____________ contained more than one hundred poems loosely connected.A. The Waste LandB. The CantosC. Don JuanD. Queen Mab13. In Paris, Ernest Hemingway, along with _____________, accomplished a revolution in literary style and language.A. Gertrude SteinB. Ezra PoundC. James JoyceD. all of the above14. __________ tells the Joad family' s life from the time they were evicted from their farm in Oklahoma until their first winter in California.A. Of Mice and MenB. The Grapes of WrathC. The Great GatsbyD. For Whom the Bell Tolls15. The two areas on which the modem American writers concentrated their criticism were the failures of American society and ___________ .A. the failure of communication among AmericansB. the economic depressionC. the extreme prosperity of AmericaD. the paradise of New LandIV. Choose TEN of the following and decide whether the statements are true or false. (10%)1. All his literary life, Hawthorne seemed to be haunted by his sense of sin and evil in life.2. Most of the poems in Leaves of Grass are about love and religion.3.The First World War led the American intellectuals to a bitter disillusionment.4. Hemingway’s works have sometimes been read as an essentially negative commentary on a modern world filled with sterility, failure, and death.5.Mark Twain’s region was the Deep South, with its bitter history of slavery, civil war and destruction.6. Ernest Hemingway developed a spare, tight, reportorial prose based on simple sentence structure and using a restricted vocabulary, precise imagery, and an impersonal, dramatic tone.7.John Steinbeck' s theme was usually that simple human virtues such as kindness and fair treatment were far superior toofficial hard-heartedness, or the dehumanizing cruelty of exploiters for their own commercial advantage.8. Short-lived, the Imagist movement failed to exert a tremendous influence on modern poetry.9. Robert Frost won four Nobel Prizes in his life.10.In his novels, F. Scott Fitzgerald had revealed the stridency of an age of glittering innocence, he had portrayed the hollowness of the American worship of riches and the unending American dream of love, splendor and fulfilled desires.11.Of Plymouth Plantation was written by William Bradford.12.Realists thought highly of individual status and role in the world. The romanticists preferred the innate or intuitive perception by the heart of man. They thought that man was essentially of goodwill, only the civilized society made him degenerate. They pointed out, the means to uproot evils and to save mankind was habits, and to return to “natural primitive state”.13. Deists believed in a Creator God, but rejected providence(Godly direction) and revelation (divine will or Godly "truth")in favor of reason.14..President Lincoln praised Anne Bradstreet as “the little woman who wrote the book that made this great war.”15.Edgar Allan Poe wrote two poems both entitled “ ToHelen”.16.The thinking of Locke, Hobbes, and Rousseau alsogreatly influenced the active thinking of Americans who became increasingly concerned with the possibility of building a government. Locke and Rousseau represented the impulse for a Jeffersonian democracy, and Hobbes represented the point of view, often expressed by Hamilton, of a strong central government.17.Hemingway, Pound, Cummings, Dos Passos, and Fitzgerald, belong to the school of “Beat Generation”.18.F. Scott Fitzgerald is called the leader and poet laureate of the Jazz Age who wrote the novels of the Jazz Age.19.Yoknapatawpha saga is a name for John Steinbeck’s novels.20.“Thanatopsis” is a word Bryant borrowed from Greek meaning “meditation on death”.V. Choose THREE of the following fragments and answer the questions. (20%)Passage OneLo! in you brilliant window-nicheHow statue-like I see thee stand,The agate lamp within thy hand!Ah, Psyche, from the regions whichAre Holy-Land!Questions:1.This is the last stanza of a poem “To Helen”. Its writer is_________.(1%)2. With whom is Helen associated in this stanza? (1%)3. How to appreciate the beauty of this poem? (3%)Passage 2I shall be telling this with a sighSomewhere ages and ages hence:Two roads diverged in a wood, and I-I took the one less traveled by,And that has made all the difference Questions:1. Who is the writer of this poem? (1%)2. What is the title of this poem? (1%)3. What kind of feeling does this stanza show? (3%)4. How do you appreciate this poem? (3%)Passage 3I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. I did not wish to live what was not life, living is so dear; nor did I wish to practise resignation, unless it was quite necessary. I wanted to live deep and suck out all the marrow of life, to live so sturdily and Spartan-like as to put to rout all that was notlife, to cut a broad swath and shave close, to drive life into a corner, and reduce it to its lowest terms, and, if it proved to be mean, why then to get the whole and genuine meanness of it, and publish its meanness to the world; or if it were sublime, to know it by experience, and be able to give a true account of it in my next excursion. For most men, it appears to me, are in a strange uncertainty about it, whether it is of the devil or of God.Questions:1. This passage is taken from a famous work entitled_________ . (1%)2. The author of the work is____________ . (1%)3.List by yourself at least five reasons that the authorgives for going to live in the woods. (5%)Passage 4But, on one side of the portal（入口），and rooted almost at the threshold, was a wild rose-bush, covered, in this month of June, with its delicate gems, which might be imagined to offer their fragrance and fragile beauty to the prisoner as he went in, and to1.The stanza is taken from the poem______?(1%)2.The author of the poem is_____ . (1%)3.The seventh line in each Stanza of this poem contains a key word, usually a verb, which sums up the feeling established in the stanza. What is the verb and what kind feeling that it conveys?(4%)Passage 6Thou hast an house on high erect,Framed by that mighty Architect,With glory richly furnished,Stands permanent though this be fled.It’s purchased and paid for tooBy Him who hath enough to do.Questions:1.This stanza is taken from the poem_______by_______.(2%)2.What is one’s real house according to the poet? (5%)9.Jack London10.Eugene O’Neill11.Thomas Paine12.Washington Irving13.Henry David Thoreau14.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow15.Harriet Beecher Stowe16.Mark Twin17.Theodore Dreiser18.T.S. Eliot19.Ernest Hemingway20.F. Scott FitzgeraldⅡ. Choose FIVE of the following and fill in the blanks. (2*5=10%)1.Edgar Allan Poe2.Mark Twain3.Imagism4.The Great Gatsby3.This poem is written in classic five-line stanzas, with the rhyme scheme a-b-a-a-b and conversational rhythm. The poem seems to be about the poet, walking in the woods in autumn, choosing which road he should follow on his walk. In reality, it concerns the important decisions which one must make in life, when one must give up one desirable thing in order to possess another. Then, whatever the outcome, one must accept the consequences of one' s choice for it is not possible to go back and have another chance to choose differently.4.In the poem, the poet hesitates for a long time, wondering which road to take, because they are both pretty. In the end, he follows the one which seems to have fewer travelers on it. Symbolically, he chose to follow an unusual, solitary life; perhaps he was speaking of his choice to become a poet rather than some commoner profession. But he always remembers the road which he might have taken, and which would have given him a different kind of life.Passage 3Walden (1)Henry David Thoreau (1)Find the answer from the passage. (5)Passage 41.The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne.(2)2.life and liberty.(2)Passage 51.My Lost Youth.(1)2.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1)3.“haunting" sums up the feeling that was begun earlier with "Often in thought "and "comes back to me" .(3)Passage 61.Upon the Burning of Our House, AnneBradstreet.(2)2.One's real house is in heaven, built by the greatarchitect, God. (2)VI. Choose TWO of the three passages and comment on them. (20%)1. Analyze Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter. （10%）2. Analyze Emily Dickinson's “Because I Could not stop for Death”.（10%）3. Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Self-Reliance.（10%）The score is given to the theme, (7) content (6) and writing style(7) of the work chosen.。
大学课程《美国文学史》期末试卷及参考答案
大学课程《美国文学史》期末试卷1.Darwinism2.Lost generation3.Imagism4.Free VerseⅡ. Matching （本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 1. John Steinbeck 2. T.S. Eliot 3. Carl Sandburg 4. F. Scott Fitzgerald 5. Harriet Beecher Stowe 6. O ’ Henry 7. Thomas Paine 8. Ernest Hemingway 9. Ralph Waldo Emerson 10. Nathaniel Hawthorne a. A Farewell to Arms b. Common Sense c. Uncle Tom’s Cabind. The Cop and the Antheme. The Grapes of Wrathf. Fogg. The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock h. Naturei. The Great Gatsby j. The Scarlet Letter.Ⅲ. Multiple choice.（本大题共 35 小题，每小题 1 分，共 35 分）1.In the early nineteenth century American moral values were essentially Puritan. Nothi ng has left a deeper imprint on the character of the people as a whole than did_______. A.Puritanism B Romanticism C Rationalism D Sentimentalism2. Franklin wrote and published his famous__________, an annul collection of proverbs.A. The AutobiographyB. Poor Richard‘s AlmanackC. Common SenseD. The Genera l Magazine3. In American literature, the eighteenth century was the age of the Enlightenment. _______was the dominant spirit.A. Humanism B Rationalism C Revolution D Evolution 4.________ usually was regarded as the first American writer.A.William BradfordB. Anne BradstreetC.Emily DickinsonD. Captain John Smith 5..Which is not Irving‘s works in the following.A. The Sketch BookB. Tales of a Traveller C .A History of New York D To A Waterfowl 6. Choose Freneau‘s poem from the following.A. The RavenB. To a WaterfowlC. To HellenD. The wild Honey Suckle7. In 1817, the stately poem called Thanatopsis introduced the best poet___to appear in America up to that time.A. Edward TaylorB. Philip FreneauC. William Cullen BryantD. Edgar Allan Poe pared with his contemporaries, _________was no doubt the best in exploring the wildness and frontier in fiction.A. Washington IrvingB. James Fenimore CooperC. William Cullen Bryant D Philip Freaneau9. Washington Irving‘s ‘Rip Van Winkle‘ is famous for_________. A.Rip‘s escape into a mysterious valleyB.The story‘s German legendary source materialC. Rip‘s seeking for happinessD. Rip‘s 20-years sleep 10. Choose Poe‘s work from the followingA. The Day of DoomB.The Last of the MohicansC. The Indian Burying Ground D The Fall of the House of Usher 11.Choose Irving‘s work from the following .A. The Sketch BookB. ThanatopsisC. The SpyD.The British Prison Ship 12._______ is the most commonly used in English poetry, in which an unstressed syllabl e comes first followed by a stressed.A. the trochaic footB. an anapestic footC. a quatrainD. a iambic foot 13. The Indian Burying Ground by___________ is the earliest poem which romanticizes the Indian as a child of nature.A. Washington IrvingB. Adgar Alan PoeC.Philip FreneauD.Nathaniel Hawthorne 14._______ is a poetic device used to increase the musical quality and link the lines and stanzas of a poem.A. meterB. repetitionC. rhymeD.foot15.Poetry is aimed at conveying and enriching human experience which is formed throu gh sense impressions. _____ is the representation of sense experience through language. A . meter B. image C. theme D. assonance16. In American literature, the 18th century was the age of Enlightenment. ______ was the dominant.院系： 专业班级： 姓名： 学号：装 订 线A. humanismB. rationalismC. romanticismD. evolution17. The short story “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” is taken from Irving’s work named ______.A. The Leatherstocking TalesB. The Sketch BookC. The AutobiographyD. The History of New York18. Which of the following is not the characteristic of American Romanticism?A. RationalismB. inner selfC. personal feelingsD. individualism19.The short story “Rip Van Winkle” reveals the ____ attitude of its author.A. optimisticB. pessimisticC. conservativeD. ironic20. Transcendentalist doctrines found their greatest literary advocates in___and ThoreauA. JeffersonB. EmersonC. FreneauD. Mark Twain21. Which is r egarded as the “Declaration of Intellectual Independence”?A. The American ScholarB. English TraitsC. OversoulD. Self-reliance22. ______ is the father of American Literature.A. Benjamin FranklinB. Philip FreneauC. PaineD. Washington Irving23. _____ was the most leading spirit of the Transcendental Club.A. ThoreauB. EmersonC. HawthorneD. Whitman24. Most of the poems in Whitman’s Leaves of Grass sing of the “en-mass” and the ____ as well.A. natureB. self-relianceC. selfD. life25. For Melville, as well as for the reader and ____, the narrator, Moby Dick is still a mystery, an ultimate mystery of the universe.A. AhabB. StubbC. IshmaelD. Starbuck26. The poem is written in free verse in 52 cantos with the theme of the universality and equality in value of all people and all things.a.Cantosb. The Ravenc. Song of Myselfd. Chicago27. The novel is about how a group of people on a whaling ship kill a great whale but themselves are killed by the whale, with the conflict between man and his fate.a.The Octopusb. Moby-Dickc. The Rise of Silas Laphamd. Leaves of Grass28. An English ship brought 102 people from Plymouth, England on September 16, 1620 and arrived in the present Provincetown harbor on November 21 in the same year. This ship was named ____________.a. The Pilgrimsb. Mayflowerc. Americad. Titanic29._______was the greatest woman poet in American literature and she wrote about 1,700 short lyric poems in her life time.a. Pearl S. Buckb. Harriet Bicher Stowec. Emily Dickensond. Walter Whitman30. ._________ is father of the detective story and of psychoanalytic criticism.a. Washington Irvingb. Ralph Waldo Emersonc. Walt Whitmand. Edgar Allan Poe31. In American literature, the eighteen century was the age of the Enlightenment. ——was the dominant spirit.A. HumanismB. RationalismC. RevolutionD. Evolution 32.——Which statement about Franklin is not true?A. He instructed his countrymen as a printer.B. He was a scientist.C. He was a master of diplomacy.D. He was a Puritan.33.Who is regarded as the first American prose epic.A. NatureB. The Scarlet LetterC. WaldenD. Moby-Dick34.The Romanic Period of American literature started with the publication of Washington Irving's ——and ended with Whiteman's Leaves of Grass.A. The Sketch BookB. Tales of a TravelerC. The AlhambraD.A history of New York35.The period before the American Civil War is generally referred to asA. the Naturalist PeriodB. the Modern PeriodC. the Romantic PeriodD. the Realistic PeriodIV. Identification of Fragments（本大题共有7个诗歌或小说选段，请选5个选段并回答其后的问题，答题时请先注明选段, 再回答问题。
(完整word版)美国文学史及选读试卷(A卷)包含评分标准及答案
美国文学史及选读考试试题（卷）A卷院系：考试形式：闭卷专业试时间：100 分钟姓名：学号考试科目：美国文学史及选读考I. Blanks: ( 10points, 1 point for each blank)Directions: In this part of the test, there are 9 items and 10 blanks. Fill in the best answer on the Answer Sheet according to the knowledge you have learned.1. The first American literature was neither ___ nor really ___ .2. Of the immigrants who came to America in the first three quarters ofthe seventeenth century, the overwhelming majority was _______ .3. The English immigrants who settled on America 'n s orthern seacoast werecalled _______ , so named after those who wished to “purify ” theChurch of England.4. Washington Irving, the Father of American literature, developed the as agenre in American literature.5. Franklin 's best writing is found in his masterpiece ____ .6. The most outstanding poet in America of the 18 th century was ____ .th7. In the early 19 century, “Rip Van Winkle ”had established _______ 'sreputation at home and abroad, and designated the beginning ofAmerican Romanticism.8. __ has sometimes been considered the father of the modern shortstory.9. In 1850, Nathaniel Hawthorne brought out his masterpiece ___ , thestory of a triangular love affair in colonial America.II. Multiple choice:(20 points, 1 point for each)Directions: In this part of the test, there are twenty items. Choose the best answer and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1. The Colonial Period of American literature stretched roughly from the settlementof America in the early 17th century through the end of century.A. the 18thB. the 19ththC. the 20thD. 21th2. New-England 's Plantation was published in 1630 by ______A. Francis HigginsonB. William BradfordC. John SmithD. Michael Wigglesworth3. Of all the books written by Michael Wigglesworth the beat known isA. The Flesh and the SpiritB. The True TravelsC. The Day of DoomD. Christopher Columbus4. Benjamin Franklin was the epitome of the ___ .A. American EnlightenmentB. Sugar ActC. Chartist movementD. Romanticist5. In the first section of Autobiography the writer addressed to ________A. his sonB. his friendsC. his wifeD. himself6. During 1807-1808, Washington Irving wrote for his brother 's newspaper calledA. New York TimesB. Washington PostC. SalmagundiD. Daily News7. History of New York was published in 1807 under the name of _______A. Washington IrvingB. Diedrich KnickerbokerC. James Fenimore CooperD. John Whittier8. Rip Van Winkle was written by ______A. James Fenimore CooperB. Benjamin FranklinC. Washington IrvingD. Walt Whitman9. The Spy was written by James Fenimore Cooper in 1821. It is a novel aboutA. American Civil WarB. American RevolutionC. American West ExpansionD. The First World War10. Natty Bumppo is the hero in Cooper 's ______A. The PrecautionB. The SpyC. The Gleanings in EuropeD. Leatherstocking Tales11. ______ was regarded as a poet of the American RevolutionA. Philip FreneauB. Walt WhitmanC. Robert FrostD. Cal Sandburg12. The Raven was written in 1844 by _____A. Philip FreneauB. Edgar Allan PoeC. Henry Wadsworth LongfellowD. Emily Dickinson13. The Minister 's Black Veil was written by ______A. Edgar Allan PoeB. Nathaniel HawthorneC. Henry David ThoreauD. Ralph Waldo Emerson14. Anne Bradstreet was a Puritan poet. Her poems made such a stir in England that she became known as the _____ who appeared in America.A. Ninth MuseB. Tenth MuseC. Best MuseD. First Muse15. The ship ____ carried about one hundred Pilgrims and took 66 days tobeat its way across the Atlantic. In December of 1620, it put the Pilgrims ashore at Plymouth, Massachusetts.A. SunflowerB. ArmadaC. MayflowerD. Titanic16. A new ___ had appeared in England in the last years of the 18 th century.It spread to continental Europe and then came to America early in the 19th century.A. RealismB. Critical realismC. RomanticismD. Naturalism17. Washington Irving got his idea for his most famous story, Rip Van Winkle ,from a _______A. Greek legendB. German legendC. French legendD. English legend18. Rip Van Winkle is found in Irving 's longer work, _______A. The Sketch BookB. History of New YorkC. Tales of a TravelerD. The Precaution19. _____ was often regarded as America 's first man of letters, devotingmuch of his career to literature.A. Benjamin FranklinB. Philip FreneauC. Washington IrvingD. James Fenimore Cooper20. All the following novels are in Cooper 's Leatherstocking Tales exceptA. The PioneersB. The PrairieC. The DeerslayerD. The SpyIII. Identification (20 points, 1 point for each)Directions: In this part of the test, there are twenty titles. Judge the authors of these works and fill them on the Answer Sheet.1. Gleanings in Europe2. Oliver Goldsmith3. The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America4. “The Day of Doom ”5. A History of New York6. The Last of the Mohicans7. The House of the Night8. A Forest Hymn9. “The Raven”10. “The Cask of Amontillado ”11. Mosses from an Old Manse12. “Israfel ”13. “The Flesh and the Spirit ”14. Life of George Washington15. The Pathfinder16. “the Wild Honey Suckle ”17. The Flood of Years18. “The Poetic Principle ”19. The Blithedale Romance20. “The Indian Burying Ground ”IV. Terms (20 points, 4 points for each)Directions: In this part of the test, there are f0ur terms. Please give the definition for these terms. Scores will be given for the related contents. Four individual contents will be enough for four points.1. Poor Richard 's Almanac2. Leatherstocking Tales3. Puritanism4. Benjamin FranklinV. Appreciation (10 points, 5 points for each)Directions: In this part of the test, there are two excerpts. Each of the excerpts is followed by three questions. Read the excerpts and answer the questions on the Answer Sheet.Part AFrom morning suns and evening dewsAt first thy little being came:If nothing once, you nothing lose,For when you die you are the same;The space between, is but an hour,The frail duration of a flower.1. Who is the poet of the poem and what is the title of the poem? (2 points)2. Tell the metrical structure and rhyme scheme of the poem. (1 point)3. What does the “little being ”refer to? What meaning is suggested by the phrase “but an hour”? (2 points)Part BThe opinions of this junto were completely controlled by Nicholas Vedder, a patriarch of the village, and landlord of the inn, at the door of which he took his seat from morning till night, just moving sufficiently to avoid the sun and keep in the shade of a large tree; so that the neighbors could tell the hour by his movements as accurately as by a sundial. It is true he was rarely heard to speak, but smoked his pipe incessantly. His adherents, however (for every great man has his adherents), perfectly understood him, and knew how to gather his opinions. When anything that was read or related displeased him, he was observed tosmoke his pipe vehemently, and to send forth short, frequent and angry puffs; but when pleased, he would inhale the smoke slowly and tranquilly, and emit it in light and placid clouds; and sometimes, taking the pipe from his mouth, and letting the fragrant vapor curl about his nose, would gravely nod his head in token of perfect approbation.From even this stronghold the unlucky Rip was at length routed by his termagant wife, who would suddenly break in upon the tranquility of the assemblage and call the members all to naught; nor was that august personage, Nicholas Vedder himself, sacred from the daring tongue of this terrible virago, who charged him outright with encouraging her husband in habits of idleness.1. Who was the writer of this story? What is the title of this story? (2 points)2. Who was Nicholas Vedder? (1 point)3. How did he express his opinions on public matters? (2 points)VI. Comment. (20 points, 10 points for each)Directions: In this part of the test, you are given five topics. Choose TWO of them and give a comment on the Answer Sheet. Scores will be given according to the content, grammar and the completeness of the related knowledge.1. What are the features of literature in Colonial America?2. Comment on Benjamin Franklin 's Autobiography .3. Comment on Nathaniel Hawthorne 's writing techniques.4. What philosophical meaning is implied in Philip Freneau's “The Wild HoneySuckle ”?5. What are the artistic achievements of Edgar Allan Poe?美国文学史及选读考试试题（卷）评分标准及标准答案A卷院系：专业：考试科目：美国文学史及选读考试形式：闭卷考试时间：100 分钟I. Blanks: （10%）（每题1分，共10分，答错不给分）1. American literature2. English3. Puritans4. short story5. Autobiography6. Philip Freneau7. Washington Irving8. Edgar Allan Poe9. The Scarlet LetterII. Multiple Choice: （ 20%）（每题1分，共20分，答错不给分）1. A2. B3. C4. A5. A6. C7. B8. C9. B 10. D11. A 12. B 13. B 14. B 15. C16.C 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. DIII. Identification (20%) (每题1 分，共20分，答错不给分)1. James Fenimore Cooper2. Washington Irving3. Anne Bradstreet4. Michael Wigglesworth5. Washington Irving6. James Fenimore Cooper7. Philip Freneau8. William Cullen Bryant9. Edgar Allan Poe10. Edgar Allan Poe11. Nathaniel Hawthorne12. Edgar Allan Poe13. Anne Bradstreet14. Washington Irving15. James Fenimore Cooper16. Philip Freneau17. William Cullen Bryant18. Edgar Allan Poe19. Nathaniel Hawthorne20. Philip FreneauIV. Terms （20%）（每题4分，共20 分）1. Poor Richard 's Almanackey words: Benjamin Franklin, sayings, hard work, thrift, Puritan, quotes, printed himself, etc.2. Leatherstocking TalesKey words: Cooper, five novels, Natty Bumppo, frontier, frontiersman, life from youth to old age, The Pioneer, The Last of the Mohicans, The Prairie, The Pathfinder, The Deerslayer, etc.3. Puritanismkey words: Calvin, purify, hard work, thrift, predestination, salvation, sin, God, from England to America, immigration, etc.4. Benjamin Franklinkey words: statesman, scientist and writer, Autobiography, Poor Richard 's Almanac, puritan, hard work and thrift, successful, contributions, printer, etc.V. Appreciation （10%）（每题5 分，共10 分）Part Aa） Philip Freneau 's（1 分）The Wild Honey Suckle （1分）b） It is written in iambic tetrameter, the rhyme scheme is ababcc. （1 分）c）“Little being ” refers to the wild honey suckle. （1 分）“Butanhour ” means the lifespan of a flower is very short. （ 1 分）Part B1. Washington Irving 's（1 分）Rip Van Wingkle （1分）2. Nicholas Vedder is the owner of the inn/ a patriarch of the village/ and landlord of the inn, （ 1 分）3. He expressed his opinion by the way of smoking. / When anything that was read or related displeased him, he was observed to smoke his pipe vehemently, and to send forth short, frequent and angry puffs; but when pleased, he would inhale the smoke slowly and tranquilly, and emit it in light and placid clouds; and sometimes, taking the pipe from his mouth, and letting the fragrant vapor curl about his nose, would gravely nod his head in token of perfect approbation. （ 2 分）VI. Comment. （20%）（每题10 分，此题共20 分）答案：（略）。
(完整word版)大四美国文学期末考试题型及例题.docx
大四美国文学期末考型及例大四美国文学期末考型及例：1./60 分（ 40 道，20 个）2.名解10 分（5 个）3.段配10 分（5 个）4.答20 分（10/2）1．史： Father / poetess⋯2.名作家： Hemingway, Faulkner, Poe, Hawthorne, Emerson3．作品： The Wasteland/Moby Dick/Scarlet Letter1.a)（ 40 个， 40 分）1.At the age of reason and revolution, Americans were influenced by theEuropean movement called the ________.A. Chartist MovementB. Romanticist MovementC. Enlightenment MovementD. Modernist Movement2.Which is NOT connected to Benjamin Franklin? ________A.He was born in a poor family.B.He was a pious puritan.C.He was phrased as“Jack of all trades”.D.He was a master of diplomacy.3.Ernest Hemingway is noted for the following EXCEPT ________.A.Lost GenerationB.Iceberg theoryC.American DreamD.Code Heroes4.Which character is NOT from The Scarlet Letter? ________A.Hester PrynneB.Roger ChillingworthC.Captain AhabD.Pearl5.Jack London’s semi-biographical novel ________well presents thedisillusionment of American Dream.A.The American TragedyB.The Call of the WildC.Martin EdenD.The Grapes of Wrathb)判断（ 20 个， 20 分）1.Poe’smasterpiece“To Helen”is written to memorize his deceased wife.(F)2.The tone of “Annabel Lee”is optimistic and hopeful. (F)3.Mark Twain's novel Jumping Frog was an artistic failure, but it gave its name tothe America of the postbellum period which it attempts to satirize.(F)4.Sister Carrie ended up in tragedy because she could not control her fate(F).大四美国文学期末考试题型及例题2.名词解释题（5个，10分）1. It refers to t he religious beliefs held by the Puritans, who had intended to“ purif or simplify the religious ritual of the Church of England. They believed in the originalsin and the harsh Day of Doom, although some good people --- the chosen peopleor “ the Elect--- may” be saved. Puritanism)(2.A literary doctrine that called for “ realityand truth ”in the depiction of ordinarylife ．It had originated in France and was very popular in 19th century.Realism)(3.选段配对题（5个，10分）1.Fair flower, that dost so comely grow,Hid in this silent, dull retreat,Untouched thy honeyed blossoms blow,Unseen thy little branches greet:No roving foot shall crush thee here,No busy hand provoke a tear.The Wild Honey Suckle (Philip Freneau)2.During the whole of a dull, dark and soundless day in the autumn of the year,when the cloud hung oppressively low in the heavens, I had been passing alone, onhorseback, through a singularly dreary tract of country; and at length found myself,as the shades of evening drew on, within view of the melancholy House of Usher. Iknow not how it was—but, with the first glimpse of the building, a sense ofinsufferable gloom pervaded my spirit.The Fall of the House of Usher(Edgar Allan Poe)4.问答题（ 10/2， 20 分）1. Transcendentalism(a) Transcendentalism (p56){1}As a moral philosophy, it exalted feeling over reason, individual expression overthe restraints of law and custom. & believed in the transcendence ofthe“oversoul ” {2}A literary movement flourishing in New England from the1830s to the Civil war. It stresses intuitive understanding of God, without the helpof the church and advocated independence of the mind. The representative writersare Emerson and Thoreau.{b} The significance of TranscendentalismTranscendentalism exerted a dominating notion onto the major wirers of the Romanticperiod and its essence has been permanently absorbed into the main stream ofAmerican thought. As a moral philosophy, Transcendentaliststook their ideas from theromantic literature of Europe, from neo-Platonism, from German idealistic philosophyand from the revelations of Oriental mysticism. They spoke for cultural rejuvenation andagainst the materialism of American society. They believed in the transcendence ofthe“Oversoul”, an all-pervading power for goodness from which all things come andof which all things are a part. As a philosophical and literarymovement, Transcendentalism flourished in New England from the 1830’s to the Civil War. Its doctrines found their greatest literary advocated in Emerson, who believed that man was a part of absolute good, and in Thoreau who beheld divinityin the “unspotted innocence”of nature. It was a powerful expression of the intellectual mood of the age, and the ideas it represented have remained a strong influence on great American writers from the days of Nathaniel Hawthorne and Walt Whitman to the present.2. “The Road Not Taken”Symbolic meanings of The Road Not Taken:In this poem, the author uses two roads in the woods to symbolize the choices inthe real life. The author suggests us not being afraid to take a chance, not following the crowd and trying new things. Individualism is highlighted in the poem because the speaker chooses to go his own way, taking the“road less traveled”.Caution is also taken before deciding to take the“road less traveled”, for the speaker takes time to consider the other road.Commitment is symbolized in the poem because the speaker does not havesecond thoughts after making his decision.The last symbolized theme is accepting a challenge. It may be that the road the speaker chooses is less traveled because it represents trials or perils. Such challenges seem to appeal to the speaker.The Road Not TakenThis poem, as many of Frost ’ sbeginspoems,with the observation of nature, as if the poet is a traveler sightseeing in nature. By the end, all the simple words condense into a serious proposition: When anyone in life is confronted with making a choice, in order to possess something worthwhile, he has to give up something which seems as lovely and valuable as the chosen one. Then, whatever follows, he must accept the consequence of his choice for it is not possible for him to return to the beginning and have another chance to choose differently. Frost is asserting that nature is fair and honest to everyone. Thus all the varieties of human destiny result from each person spontaneous capability of making choices.Form : The poem is very regularly structured with 4 classic 5-line stanzas, withthe rhyme scheme “ abaab” and in conversational rhythm.3. The Great GatsbyThe Great Gatsby the parody (戏仿 )of American dreamThematically ，the novel is a parody of the American dream as represented by Gatsby’s pursuit for wealth and love ．(1)American Dream(derived the Puritanism) is a popular belief that people can achieve success，whether it is wealth，fame or love through honest hard working ina new world of liberty ，equality，chances and promises． (e.g. Franklin, Obama )(2) It is true that Gatsby had a huge wealth，but it was built up through illegal means —bootlegging. Daisy was the embodiment of love for Gatsby，but the Daisy in Gatsby s’illusion was not the Daisy in reality —— a mindless and spiritless woman only with a beautiful appearance，who retreated to her boring but secure way of life rather than accept the responsibility at the moment of crisis．(3)Like Franklin ， Gatsby also made a time table and a list of“do’s anddon'ts”． But unfortunately he did not know that the time had changed．(4)Therefore, G’s dream is tarnished by his material possessions, much like America is now with the obsession with wealth. In any case, Gatsby would have failed to his idealistic dream inevitably, namely disillusion of American dream.Together with Martin Eden, it well presents the disillusionment of American Dream. Main ideas :Nick Caraway, the narrator decided to leave his family in the Midwest to study bond business in New York．He took a small house at West Egg of Long Island and became a neighbor of Jay Gatsby，a mysterious man of great wealth．He resumed acquaintance with Tom Buchanan and his wife Daisy at a dinner party in their home． There he also met Jordan Baker，an attractive but arrogant young lady．He soon learned that their marriage was not happy and Tom has a mistress，Myrtle ， wife of George Wilson ，a garage owner in the Valley of Ashes．A few days later he was invited to Gatsby’s party. From Gatsby and later from Jordan, Nick learned of the love affair between Daisy and Gatsby before she married Tom．Gatsby then made a request of Nick：to bring Daisy to tea and meet Gatsby． At the reunion Gatsby changed from nervousness to excitement and from excitement to a remote fantasy． At a party Gatsby gave to the Buchanans，Nick and Jordan，Gatsby and Tom had a fierce quarrel over Daisy and Daisy sided with both men in turns．Then Daisy and Gatsby left in Gatsbys car while’ the others followed in Tom’s． On the way Gatsby’s car knocked Myrtle dead and ran away ， but he later told Nick that Daisy was driving at the time of the accident．Myrtle ，thinking Tom was in the car，ran toward it and was hit．Meanwhile Mr ．Wilson traced Gatsby’s car and found Gatsby's house． A few hours later both of them were found dead．Apparently Wilson shot Gatsby and then himself． Although Nick tried to make Gatsby’s funeral respectable，none of his friends came．Only Gatsby’s father appeared，still thinking that his son was a great man． On another occasion Nick met Tom and Daisy and was reluctant to shake hands with them．He already knew that it was Tom who made Wilson believe that Myrtle was Gatsby s’ lover and was run over by Gatsby． Soon Nick went back to his people in the MiddleWest．。
《美国文学》期末考试试卷A卷答案暨评分标准
湖州师范学院 2009 — 2010 学年第一学期《美国文学》期末考试试卷A卷答案暨评分标准适用班级060511-3 考试时间120 分钟Ⅰ. Choose TEN of the following works and write the names of the authors. (1*10=10%)1.Frank Norris2.Stephen Crane3.Sinclair Lewis4.Jack London5.Washington Irving6.Willa Cather7.Robert Frost8.Benjamin Franklin9.William Faulkner10.Nathaniel Hawthorne11.Thomas Jefferson12.Washington Irving13.Ralph Waldo Emerson14.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow15.Harriet Beecher Stowe16.Mark Twin17.Theodore Dreiser18.T.S. Eliot19.Ernest Hemingway20.Eugene O’NeillⅡ. Choose FIVE of the following and fill in the blanks. (2*5=10%)1.John Smith2.Thomas Paine3.“founding fathers”4.Gothic Fiction5.Emily Dickenson6.John Smith7.Philip Freneau8.Washington Irving9.Edgar Allan Poe10.Picaresque novelⅢ. Choose only one answer form the four choices as the most appropriate answer. (2*15=30%)IV. Choose TEN of the following and decide whether the statements are true or false. (1*10=10%)V. Choose THREE of the following fragments and answer the questions. (20%)Passage 11.Ezra Pound (1)2.In A Station of the Metro (1)3.Answer should comment on the parallel between the “modern” im agery(description of urban crowds and transportation, loneliness) of the firstline and the traditional “Oriental” imagery (budding flowers on a tree,wetness) of the second line. (2)4.What is the effect of the parallel between lines one and two of the poem?Describe the stylistic result of the parallel and the feelings it evokes (2)Passage 21.This part if from the short story “A Clean Well Light Room” written byErnest Hemingway. (2)2.Describe the old man’s character and relate it to the nihilist philosop hyexpressed in the story. (2)3.What does the young waiter think of the old man (and why) and howdoes he treat him? Describe the young man’s character, his lack ofunderstanding of the old man and the significance of how he treats theold man as described in the story. (3)Passage 31.Walden (1)2.Henry David Thoreau (1)3.Find the answer from the passage. (5)Passage 41.The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne.(2)2.life and liberty.(5)Passage 51.Annabel Lee.(1)2.Edgar Allan Poe. (1)3.repetition or refrains.(4)Passage 61.Upon the Burning of Our House, Anne Bradstreet.(2)2.One's real house is in heaven, built by the great architect, God. (5) VI. Choose TWO of the following and Comment on them. (20%)1. Robert Frost’s The Road Not Taken. (10%)•This poem is written in classic five-line stanzas, with the rhyme scheme a-b-a-a-b and conversational rhythm. The poem seems to be about thepoet, walking in the woods in autumn, choosing which road he shouldfollow on his walk. In reality, it concerns the important decisions whichone must make in life, when one must give up one desirable thing inorder to possess another. Then, whatever the outcome, one must acceptthe consequences of one' s choice for it is not possible to go back andhave another chance to choose differently.•In the poem, the poet hesitates for a long time, wondering which road to take, because they are both pretty. In the end, he follows the one whichseems to have fewer travelers on it. Symbolically, he chose to follow anunusual, solitary life; perhaps he was speaking of his choice to become apoet rather than some commoner profession. But he always remembersthe road which he might have taken, and which would have given him adifferent kind of life.2. Eugene O' Neill’s Long Day's Journey into Night. (10%)•Long Day's Journey into Night is somewhat autobiographical. The Tyrones of the play are in fact modeled on the Eugene O' Neill family.The four major characters include James Tyrone, the father, a famousactor, anxious to become rich at the expense of his own talent; MaryTyrone, the mother, a drug addict; Jamie Tyrone, their elder son, andEdmund Tyrone, their younger son. The Mother becomes mentally illbecause she is extremely unhappy with her married life. Young Jamieloses faith in life, while Edmund the wanderer comes back withtuberculosis. All the four suffer frustrations and wish to escape from theharsh reality, James and Jamie look for solace in their cups, while Maryand Edmund seek the protection of the fog which they hope wouldscreen them from the intrusion of the world outside. They meet in theliving room of the family' s summer home at 8:30 a. m. of a day inAugust, 1912, and torment one another and themselves until midnight.The father is angry with the mother for her drug addiction, the motherwith his sons for being good for nothing, and the sons with their parentsfor not being good parents. All are torn in a war between love and hate,and no one is sure which is the stronger emotion. Life is too painful forthem even to try and make sense of it. Edmund ' s desperate advice inface of the horrible burden of Time weighing on people ' s shoulders andcrushing them to the earth is to lose feeling in their cups and stay alwaysdrunk. Thus the long day journeys into night when the tragedy of thefamily is finally enacted. No relief is felt, no light is seen, and all ends inthe engulfing darkness.•In a figurative sense, Long Day' s Journey into Night is a metaphor for Eugene 0' Neill' s lifelong endeavor to find truth and the way toacceptance. The former he found, namely, the faithless, fragmentarynature of modern life, whereas the latter he did not; for him all passedinto night. In despair Eugene O' Neill thought of the old God of theCatholic church on which, it is ironical to not, he had turned his backlong before.3. Talk about Adgar Allan Poe's social outlook and writings （10%）●Poe admired aristocratic society，distrusted the leveling tendency ofdemocracy, and expressed contempt for uplift movements of progress（提高社会地位的进步运动）.He deplored America's increasing industrialization.In his more sardonic comments on democracy, he says that it amounts to the tyranny "of a mob." He could be associated with those literary men in the 1840's and 1850's，who became, in M elville's words , "isolates（孤僻者，与世隔绝者）, " who were (at least in theory)divorced from society. Yet Poe's criticism of contemporary America cut deeper than that of his contemporaries, causing an isolation more nearly absolute than theirs (see Hawthorne). He was more interested in redeeming and refining language.He was called the "great literary engineer."●Poe also dramatizes for us what has been called the demonic side of thenineteenth century. His tales are filled with assassination and non-escape ,with violence and death. Many of his characters are obsessed with a fear of death. Some of them strive to come back from the tomb;others are terrified of being buried alive or in fact are buried alive like Madeline in "The Fall of the House of Usher. "The two obsessions are part of a general fear of retaining consciousness in a world that is dead.●Poe was preoccupied with the disintegration of culture, with decadence. Hegives us a vision of "dehumanized man." Poe’s characters are dead to the world, machines of sensation and will. They are not willing to live in their own skins. For Poe's characters, the body is a mere machine. It refuses to be reconciled to the flesh and its mortal fate.●As a consequence , Poe's characters insist on living with an intensity andfear that has no relation to the limitations imposed by biological and physical laws. They do not seem to eat or drink ,they do not work.Occasionally they read or play on musical instruments. They are constantly musing about their lives. They speak to each other intensely and withpassion. They live only in their heads—all a matter of intellect and imagination.●Poe's typical heroines are usually afflicted with mysterious diseases. Theyvisibly waste away before their lovers’ eyes. Their lovers or husbands can see that they are perishing and the heroines themselves are thoroughly aware of it, but the process cannot be halted. But they are not willing to let go of their lovers.●His characters fear the final moment, which constantly threatens them whilethey are alive, since they have no contact with the world of nature or with religion, being just sheer intelligence which is not connected with anything providing life or spiritual fulfillment. One critic has written :"Poe is not interested in anything that is alive. Everything in Poe is dead —the houses, the rooms, the furniture." Death is a predominant theme of Poe's poetry.The setting of "The Raven," his most celebrated poem, is like that of his tales : the unhappy, unresolved lover sits in an elaborately furnished room, trying to find peace from sorrow in his books and conducting a curious dialogue with his midnight visitant ,a black, deathlike symbol—the raven.Death is also the theme of the curious poem, "Ulalume(尤拉鲁姆)" and "The City in the Sea. "Some literary critics suggest that Poe’s intention was to recognize the impulse,always kept hidden, to kill, even to do violence to one's own nature.●Yet if the world of Poe's imagination is haunted by death and if the tales inparticular seem morbid and obsessed, why did they appeal to the audience of Poe's day? And can they have anything to say to us? The answer would have to be that in spite of their fantastic character they do，at some level, reveal what was going on in the psyche of nineteenth century man.Something like a disintegration of personality was occurring in Poe's life time, and the strange horrors that Poe described produced some echoes in the thoughts of his contemporaries. His audience had a craving for the sensational and the shocking. Writers and sensitive thinkers saw man as spiritually gutted),being pushed into an insane, inhuman world created by the rapidly growing process of industrialization.●Strangely enough, however, Poe had a fascination with the power of reason,despite his emphasis on the irrational. In stories like "The Murders in the Rue Morgue" and "The Purloined Letter , " reason is applied to the solution of a baffling crime. Even a few of Poe's tales of nightmare terror come to happy endings precisely because the hero can think his way through a problem. Though the hero of "The Pit and the Pendulum" cannot, by hisunaided efforts, save himself from the death intended for him, he uses his head to keep himself alive until help from the outside comes. In fact, one kind of Poe's characters must be those who are forced to fall back on the resources of one's mind.●Just as he was fascinated with the process of reason, Poe was interested inthe deviousness(曲折) of the human soul. He placed emphasis on how the unconscious motivates human beings, not unlike the Romantics of his day, but to a greater extent. Unlike the Romantics, Poe examined irrational drives; he wanted to bring reason to bear on areas which, in his time, were regarded as lying beyond its boundaries or else were ignored altogether. In other words, Poe used his reason to discover the source of the irrational.This is especially evident in "Tell-Tale Heart."●Poe's tragic life and his concentration on death were his extreme and poeticresponse to that which was elaborated upon, in naturalistic terms, fifty years later. He was unusually sensitive to the world of his own day, affected by it intensely ，causing his isolation. Though he wanted to find his place in a traditional society, his failure to do so may well have heightened his sense of lonely individualism. It is this sense of alienation which has carried itself through the greatest of literature in America.4. C omment on Hawthorne’s style.（10%）●His style is also noteworthy for his frequent use of images. Metaphors andsimiles abound, most of them stirringly fresh and effective. He makes skillful use of colors as a means for conveying mood. Black ,red and gray predominate.●Hawthorne's sentences, like his language, show the effects of his long yearsof study and practice in writing. There are few of the awkward sentences which may be found in Cooper. The sentences may appear, to a twentieth century reader, to be too consistently long. But they were not abnormally long for their day. In the most complex sentences ,however, grammatical subordination is employed with sufficient logic and variety to make the writing smooth and clear.●Another reflection of the times in which Hawthorne wrote is seen in hispunctuation. Many of his works are over-punctuated, by modern standards;there are superfluous commas, excessive dashes, and far too many exclamation points. In most cases his words are forceful enough to achievethe emphasis he desires, and the attempt to show such emphasis by using exclamation points is not necessary. But Hawthorne cannot be condemned for following the mechanical conventions of his day.●Hawthorne depends heavily on summarized historical narrative, but linksscenes dramatically. Occasionally, he will interrupt his works to address the reader directly, with some comment on the story, some piece of background information, or a brief moral essay.● A characteristic device of Hawthorne’s，which is employed several timesin The Scarlet Letter, is the "optional reading, " Hawthorne uses concrete objects as well as characters to serve as his symbols. He concentrates on a few main symbols repeated often in the story, and uses the fluidity of character development to illustrate the ways in which symbols grow and change based upon one's perception of them.。
美国文学试卷+答题纸+答案
2012-2013学年 第二学期 《美国文学》期末考试试卷（A 卷）专业：英语 年级：2010级 考试方式：闭卷 学分：2 考试时间：110分钟I ．Multiple Choices (每小题 1分，共20分)Directions: Select from the four choices of each item the one thatbest answers the question.1. Naturalism is evolved from realism when the author’s tone in writing becomes less serious and less sympathetic but more ironic and more_____________. A . rational B . humorous C. optimisticD . pessimistic2. Which of the following is not written by Ernest Hemingway, one of the best-known American authors of the 20th century? A. The Sun Also Rises B. The Old Man and the Sea C. Mosses from the Old ManseD. Hills Like White Elephant3. The Romantic writers would focus on all the following issues Except the __________ in the American history. A. individual feeling B. survival of the fittest C. strong imaginationD. return to nature4. Almost all Faulkner ’s heroes turned out to be tragic because__________. A. all enjoyed living in the declining American South.B. none of them was conditioned by the civilization and Social institutions.C. most of them were prisoners of the past.D. none were successful in their attempt to explain the inexplicable.5. As an autobiograp hical play, O’Neill’s ________ (1955) has gained its status as a world classic and simultaneously marks the climax of his literary career and the coming of age of American drama._.A. The Iceman ComethB. Long Day’s Journey into NightC. Beyond the HorizonD. Bound East for Cardiff6. Which of the following statements is right about Robert Frost’s poetry?A. He combined traditional verse forms with the difficult and highly ornamental language.B. He combined traditional verse forms with the pastoral language of the Southern area.C. He combined traditional verse forms with a simple spoken language, the speech of New England farmers.D. He combined traditional verse forms with the experimental.7. Edgar Allen Poe was characterized by his __________.A. psycho-analysisB. novels set in the WestC. free verseD. political pamphlets8. Which of the following is depicted as the mythical county in William Faulkner’s novels?A. CambridgeB. OxfordC. MississippiD. Yoknapatawpha9. ____________ was the first great American writer to write for pleasure rather than utility. He is considered to be founder of American literature by some critics.A. James Fenimore CooperB. Washington IrvingC. Ezra PoundD. Mark Twain10. We can perhaps summarize that Walt Whitman’s poems are characterized by all the following features except that they are _______________.A. lyrical and well-structuredB. conversational and crudeC. simple and rather crudeD. free-flowing11. The Grapes of Wrath by Steinbeck reveals the miserable lives of __________ .A. factory workersB. sailorsC. landless farm laborersD. veterans12. Among the American realistic writers, _________ focused his attention on the rising middle class and the way they lived.A. Herman MelvilleB. Henry JamesC. Mark TwainD. William Dean Howells13. Which of the following is a representative novel of naturalism by an American writer? 2A. Innocents AbroadB. McTeagueC. Daisy MillerD. The Grapes of Wrath14. The first symbol of self-made American man is _________.A. Benjamin FranklinB. Washington IrvingC. George WashingtonD. Mark Twain15. The Imagist writers followed three principles. They respectively are direct treatment, economy of expression and ________.A. local colorB. ironyC. clear rhythmD. blank verse16. Robert Frost is famous for his lyric poems. Which of the following lyric poems wasnot written by Robert Frost?A. “The Raven”B. “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening”C. “After Apple-picking”D. “The Road Not Taken”17. “The lost generation”refers to the writers who relocated to Paris in the post WWⅠyears to reject to values of American materialism. All the following but ________are involved in this group.A. F. S. FitzgeraldB. Ernest HemingwayC. Theodore DreiserD. John Dos Passos18. The first settlers who became the founding fathers of the American nation were quite a few of them _________.A. AnglicansB. CatholicsC. NormansD. Puritans19. Which one of the following statements is applicable to the understanding of Transcendentalism?A. It is strongly influenced by social Darwinism.B. Belief in individualism, independence of mind, and self-reliance.C. Man has no free-will.D. It holds that determinism governs everything.20. In __________, Captain Ahab is obsessed with the revenge on a whale which shearedoff his leg on a previous voyage, and his crazy chasing of it eventually brings death to allon board the whaler except Ishmael, who survives to tell the tale.《美国文学》A卷第3页共18页4A. TypeeB. White JacketC. Moby DickD. Billy BuddII ．Explain the Following Literary Terms Briefly (每小题7分，共14分)Directions : Please write down the answers on the Answer Sheet.21. Local Colorism 22. Stream of ConsciousnessIII ．Identification of Fragments (每小题7分，共21分)Directions : Please give the name of the author and the title of the literary work from which it is taken and then briefly comment on itin English. Please write down the answers on the Answer Sheet.23. “‘That ’s right.’ He said; ‘I ’m no good now. I was all right. I had money. I ’m going to quit this,’ and, with death in his heart, he started down toward the Bowery. People had turned on the gas before and died; why shouldn ’t he? He remembered a lodging house where there were little, close rooms, with gas-jet in them, almost pre-arranged, he thought, for what he wanted to do, which rented for fifteen cents. Then he remembered that he had no fifteen cents.”24. “All day Buck brooded by the pool or roamed restlessly above the camp. Death, as a cessation of movement, as a passing out and away from the lives of the living, he knew, and he knew John Thornton was dead. It left a great void in him, somewhat akin to hunger, but a void which ached and ached, and which food could not fill.25. “Her skeleton was small and spare; perhaps that was why that would have been merely plumpness in another was obesity in her. She looked bloated, like a body long submerged in motionless water, and of that pallid hue.IV . Short Essay Questions (每小题10分，共 30 分)Directions : Please write down the answers on the Answer Sheet.《美国文学》A 卷 第5页 共18页26. The relationship between man and nature is a recurrent theme, perhaps one of the most important themes, in American literature. Write a short essay on it by contrasting tow or three American literary works, or two or three American literary movements, to tell what you know about their different views of nature. 27. Please make a comment on Eugene O ’Neil.28. Please briefly comment on Theodore Dreiser ’s novel Sister Carrie.V ．Appreciating a Literary Work (计 15 分)Directions:In this part, you are required to write a commentary paper in no less than 100 words. Please write it on the AnswerSheet .A Clean, Well-Lighted PlaceErnest HemingwayIt was very late and everyone had left the cafe except an old man who sat in the shadow the leaves of the tree made against the electric light. In the day time the street was dusty, but at night the dew settled the dust and the old man liked to sit late because he was deaf and now at night it was quiet and he felt the difference. The two waiters inside the cafe knew that the old man was a little drunk, and while he was a good client they knew that if he became too drunk he would leave without paying, so they kept watch on him."Last week he tried to commit suicide," one waiter said. "Why?""He was in despair." "What about?" "Nothing.""How do you know it was nothing?" "He has plenty of money."They sat together at a table that was close against the wall near the door of the cafe and looked at the terrace where the tables were all empty except where the old man sat in the shadow of the leaves of the tree that moved slightly in the wind. A girl and a soldier went by in the street. The street light shone on the brass number on his collar. The girl wore no head covering and hurried beside him."The guard will pick him up," one waiter said. "What does it matter if he gets what he's after?""He had better get off the street now. The guard will get him. They went by five minutes ago."The old man sitting in the shadow rapped on his saucer with his glass. The youngerwaiter went over to him."What do you want?"The old man looked at him. "Another brandy," he said."You'll be drunk," the waiter said. The old man looked at him. The waiter went away."He'll stay all night," he said to his colleague. "I'm sleepy now. I never get into bed before three o'clock. He should have killed himself last week."The waiter took the brandy bottle and another saucer from the counter inside the cafe and marched out to the old man's table. He put down the saucer and poured the glass full of brandy."You should have killed yourself last week," he said to the deaf man. The old man motioned with his finger. "A little more," he said. The waiter poured on into the glass so that the brandy slopped over and ran down the stem into the top saucer of the pile. "Thank you," the old man said. The waiter took the bottle back inside the cafe. He sat down at the table with his colleague again."He's drunk now," he said."He's drunk every night.""What did he want to kill himself for?""How should I know.""How did he do it?""He hung himself with a rope.""Who cut him down?""His niece.""Why did they do it?""Fear for his soul.""How much money has he got?" "He's got plenty.""He must be eighty years old.""Anyway I should say he was eighty.""I wish he would go home. I never get to bed before three o'clock. What kind of hour is that to go to bed?""He stays up because he likes it.""He's lonely. I'm not lonely. I have a wife waiting in bed for me.""He had a wife once too.""A wife would be no good to him now.""You can't tell. He might be better with a wife.""His niece looks after him. You said she cut him down.""I know." "I wouldn't want to be that old. An old man is a nasty thing.""Not always. This old man is clean. He drinks without spilling. Even now, drunk. Look at him.""I don't want to look at him. I wish he would go home. He has no regard for those 6《美国文学》A 卷 第7页 共18页who must work."The old man looked from his glass across the square, then over at the waiters."Another brandy," he said, pointing to his glass. The waiter who was in a hurry came over."Finished," he said, speaking with that omission of syntax stupid people employ when talking to drunken people or foreigners. "No more tonight. Close now.""Another," said the old man."No. Finished." The waiter wiped the edge of the table with a towel and shook his head.The old man stood up, slowly counted the saucers, took a leather coin purse from his pocket and paid for the drinks, leaving half a peseta(西班牙货币单位) tip. The waiter watched him go down the street, a very old man walking unsteadily but with dignity."Why didn't you let him stay and drink?" the unhurried waiter asked. They were putting up the shutters. "It is not half-past two.""I want to go home to bed." "What is an hour?""More to me than to him." "An hour is the same.""You talk like an old man yourself. He can buy a bottle and drink at home." "It's not the same.""No, it is not," agreed the waiter with a wife. He did not wish to be unjust. He was only in a hurry."And you? You have no fear of going home before your usual hour?" "Are you trying to insult me?""No, hombre （老兄）, only to make a joke.""No," the waiter who was in a hurry said, rising from pulling down the metal shutters. "I have confidence. I am all confidence.""You have youth, confidence, and a job," the older waiter said. "You have everything.""And what do you lack?" "Everything but work.""You have everything I have.""No. I have never had confidence and I am not young." "Come on. Stop talking nonsense and lock up.""I am of those who like to stay late at the cafe," the older waiter said."With all those who do not want to go to bed. With all those who need a light for the night.""I want to go home and into bed.""We are of two different kinds," the older waiter said. He was now dressed to go home. "It is not only a question of youth and confidence although those things are very beautiful. Each night I am reluctant to close up because there may be some one who needs the cafe.""Hombre, there are bodegas open all night long.""You do not understand. This is a clean and pleasant cafe. It is well lighted. The light is very good and also, now, there are shadows of the leaves.""Good night," said the younger waiter."Good night," the other said. Turning off the electric light he continued the conversation with himself, It was the light of course but it is necessary that the place be clean and pleasant. You do not want music. Certainly you do not want music. Nor can you stand before a bar with dignity although that is all that is provided for these hours. What did he fear? It was not a fear or dread, It was a nothing that he knew too well. It was all a nothing and a man was a nothing too. It was only that and light was all it needed and a certain cleanness and order. Some lived in it and never felt it but he knew it all was nada （没有，虚无）y（所以）pues（既然，那么）nada y nada y pues nada. Our nada who art in nada, nada be thy name thy kingdom nada thy will be nada in nada as it is in nada. Give us this nada our daily nada and nada us our nada as we nada our nadas and nada us not into nada but deliver us from nada; pues nada. Hail nothing full of nothing, nothing is with thee. （这是一段模仿祷告词，其中的名词和动词都被虚无所取代，表明一切事物和行为都是虚无。
美国文学考试题及答案
美国文学考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 马克·吐温的代表作《汤姆·索亚历险记》中，汤姆·索亚的好友是谁？A. 哈克贝利·费恩B. 艾米·劳伦斯C. 乔·哈珀D. 贝基·撒切尔答案：A2. 《了不起的盖茨比》的作者是哪位美国作家？A. 海明威B. 福克纳C. 菲茨杰拉德D. 爱伦·坡答案：C3. 以下哪位作家被誉为“美国现代小说之父”？A. 亨利·詹姆斯B. 威廉·福克纳C. 约翰·斯坦贝克D. 杰克·伦敦答案：A4. 《白鲸》中的主人公亚哈船长是为了追逐哪头鲸鱼而最终丧命？A. 莫比·迪克B. 蓝鲸C. 灰鲸D. 虎鲸答案：A5. 《红字》中的女主角海斯特·白兰因何罪名被判刑？A. 偷窃B. 谋杀C. 通奸D. 叛国答案：C6. 《老人与海》中的老渔夫圣地亚哥在海上与哪种动物搏斗？A. 鲨鱼B. 鲸鱼C. 鳄鱼D. 马林鱼答案：D7. 《麦田里的守望者》的主人公霍尔顿·考尔菲尔德最想成为哪种人？A. 律师B. 医生C. 教师D. 麦田里的守望者答案：D8. 《飘》的主人公斯嘉丽·奥哈拉是哪个美国南方家族的成员？A. 威尔克斯家族B. 汉密尔顿家族C. 奥哈拉家族D. 巴特勒家族答案：C9. 《愤怒的葡萄》中，约德一家是因为什么原因离开俄克拉荷马州的？A. 寻找工作B. 逃避战乱C. 追求自由D. 家庭纷争答案：A10. 《看不见的人》的主人公在小说中代表了哪个群体？A. 黑人B. 移民C. 工人阶级D. 残疾人答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 《瓦尔登湖》的作者是______。
答案：亨利·戴维·梭罗2. 《草叶集》是______的代表作之一。
答案：沃尔特·惠特曼3. 《美国悲剧》的作者是______。
(完整版)《美国文学》期末考试试卷(A卷)答案
湖州师范学院外国语学院2008- 2009学年第二学期《美国文学》期末考试试卷（A卷）答案暨评分标准I. Write the names of the authors。
（10％）①Walt Whitman②Edgar Allen Poe③Wallace Stevens④Franklin Norris⑤Stephen Crane⑥William Faulkner⑦Sinclair Lewis⑧John Steinbeck⑨Langston Hughes⑩Tennessee WilliamsII. Fill in the following blanks with appropriate information。
（10％）①New England②Regionalism or Local color writing③semi-autobiographical④anti-realism⑤Imagist⑥Santiago⑦multiple narrations or points of view⑧1930⑨Harlem Renaissance⑩Eugene O'NeillIII. Choose only one answer form the four choices as the most appropriate answer。
(20％）1－5. A D C B B 6－10. D B E B AIV。
Identify the author and the title of the work from which each of the following excerpts is taken。
And then answer the question after each excerpt. (20%)Passage 1the author： Walt Whitman （1％)the title of the work : Songs of Myself (1％）Question： What is the poet celebrating？ (2％)➢The poet is celebrating individualism and nationalism, singing of all those people who form the American nationality。
11美国文学A卷答案与评分标准
参考答案课程名称：美国文学名著选读适用专业班级：英语1101-1104班考试时间：90分钟 A √ B卷开闭√卷Part I. True or false statements. ( 10 points,1 point for each)1-5 FFTTT 6-10 TTTTTPart II. Multiple Choices. (30 points, 1 point for each)1-5 ABBBB 6-10 CBBBB11-15 ABBBB 16-20 CBBBB21-25 ABBBB 26-30 CBBBBPart III. Short easy questions. (20 points, 5 points for each)1.Their doctrine includes: original sin, total depravity, predestination and limited atonement.2.The daughter of a local farm Katrina, together with her boyfriend ,has made use of the “Headless horseman”legend, tricked the schoolteacher Crane into the cemetery and scared him away.3.The letter A may symbolize adultery, able, admiration, alienation, American, Adam and angel,etc.4.The use of the same initial consonant in a line is called alliteration, for example, Pride and Prejudice, with the same [s]sound.Part IV. Passage Identification. (10 points, 2 points for each)1.The Adventures of Tom Sawyer2.The Declaration of Independence3.The Last of the Mohicans4.The Raven5.Song of MyselfPart V. Appreciation. (10 points, 5 points for each)Part A1. Philip Freneau; The Wild Honey Suckle2. The rhyme scheme is ababcc.Part B1. Washington Irving; Rip Van Winkle2. Nicholas Vedder is the owner of the inn/ a patriarch of the village/ and landlord of the inn. He expressed his opinion by the way of smoking.Part VI. Essay writing. (20 points) omission.评分标准课程名称：美国文学名著选读适用专业班级：英语1101-1104班考试时间：90分钟 A √B卷开闭√卷Part I. True or false statements. ( 10 points,1 point for each)1-5 FFTTT 6-10 TTTTT每题1分，共10分，答错不得分。
美国文学期末试卷
美国文学期末试卷1. C______was the first colony in American history. A. Massachusetts B. New Jersey C. Virginia D.Georgia2. _B_____ was the only good American author before the Revolutionary War. One of his fellow Americans said, His shadow lies heavier than any other mans on this young nation. A. John Smith B. Benjamin Franklin C. Thomas Jefferson D.Thomas Paine3. Romantics put emphasis on the following E*CEPT__A____. A. common sense B. imagination C. intuition D. individualism4. The Raven was written in 1844 by __B______ A. Philip Freneau B. Edgar Allan Poe C. Henry Wadsworth LongfellowD. Emily Dickinson5. The ship __C____ carried about one hundred Pilgrims and took 66 days to beat its way across the Atlantic. In December of 1620, it put the Pilgrims ashore at Plymouth, Massachusetts. A. Sunflower B. Armada C. Mayflower D. Titanic6. Melvilles novel __D____ is a tremendous chronicle ofa whaling voyage in pursuit of a seemingly supernaturalwhite whale. A. Typee B. Omoo C. White Jacket D. Moby Dick7. As a philosophical and literary movement, __D____ flourished in New England from the 1830s to the Civil War. A.Modernism B.Rationalism C.SentimentalismD.Transcendentalism8. The theme of original sin is fully reflected in___A______. A. The Scarlet Letter B. Sister Carrie C. The Great Gatsby D. The Old Man and Sea9. In all his novels Theodore Dreiser sets himself to project the ___B___ American values. For e*ample, in Sister Carrie, there is not one character whose status is第2页not determined economically. A. Puritan B. materialistic C. psychological D. religious10. Realism was a reaction against____B__ or a move away from the bias towards romance and self-creating fictions, and paved the way to Modernism. A. RationalismB. RomanticismC. NeoclassicismD. Enlightenment11. __C______ was a poet in American modern period who was deeply influence by eastern culture. A. T. S Eliot B. Robert Frost C. Ezra Pound D. Walt Whitman 12. Which of the following statements about Emily Dickinson is NOTtrue?D A. After 1862 she became a total recluse, not leaving her house nor seeing close friends. B. She once felt a deep affection for Charles Wadsworth, a married aged minister, but it proved to be a frustrated love affair for Dickinson. C. She wrote about death, immortality, nature, success and failure. D. During her lifetime, all her poems are published.。
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湖州师范学院外国语学院2008— 2009学年第二学期《美国文学》期末考试试卷（A卷）答案暨评分标准I. Write the names of the authors. (10%)①Walt Whitman②Edgar Allen Poe③Wallace Stevens④Franklin Norris⑤Stephen Crane⑥William Faulkner⑦Sinclair Lewis⑧John Steinbeck⑨Langston Hughes⑩Tennessee WilliamsII. Fill in the following blanks with appropriate information.（10%）①New England②Regionalism or Local color writing③semi-autobiographical④anti-realism⑤Imagist⑥Santiago⑦multiple narrations or points of view⑧1930⑨Harlem Renaissance⑩Eugene O’NeillIII. Choose only one answer form the four choices as the most appropriate answer. （20%）1－5. A D C B B 6－10. D B E B AIV. Identify the author and the title of the work from which each of the following excerpts is taken. And then answer the question after each excerpt. (20%)Passage 1the author: Walt Whitman (1%)the title of the work : Songs of Myself (1%)Question: What is the poet celebrating? (2%)➢The poet is celebrating individualism and nationalism, singing of all those people who form the American nationality.Passage 2the author: Eugene O’Neill (1%)the title of the work :Desire Under the Elm s (1%)Question: What do you think is Abbie’s real intention of showing affection to Eben? ➢To seduce Eben, with the intention to be pregnant with a son that could inherit the farm. (2%)Passage 3the author: Emily Dickinson (1%)the title of the work: “Because I could not stop for death”(1%)Question: What is the implication of this final stanza?(2%)➢Death leads us to immortality.Passage 4the author: F. Scott Fitzgerald (1%)the title of the work : The Great Gatsby (1%)Question: What is the author' s attitude toward such persons as Tom and Daisy?➢The author criticized them as selfish, hypocritical persons. (2%)Passage 5the author: Edgar Allan Poe (1%)the title of the work: “To Helen”(1%)Question: Comment on the beauty of this poem. (2%)➢The beauty of form. （diction，rhyme and rhythm，rhetorical devices..）➢The beauty of content.V. Answer the following questions briefly.（20%）1. Mark Twain, “The Notorious Jumping Frog of Calaveras County”:（1）What realistic elements can you find in this story? (5%)①Background: Gold Rush (2%)②California was a world of men, isolated, homesick, and eager forentertainment. (1%)③Gambling was one of the easiest and most popular ways to amusethemselves. (1%)④The Easterners had a reputation for being civilized, cultured, and advanced;whereas the Westerners were considered to be less-educated, less-refined andeasy to be deceived. (1%)（2）What role does language play in the story? (5%)①Informal language vs. formal language: (2%)②To highlight the educational background of the characters (1%)③To help create a realistic picture of how the characters speak (1%)④To make the narration more vivid (1%)2. What is the Lost Generation? (10%)1)The Lost Generation is a term used to describe a group of Americanintellectuals, poets, artists and writers fled to France in the post WWI years to reject the values of American materialism and to seek the bohemian lifestyle in Paris. (2%)2)Full of youthful idealism, these individuals sought the meaning of life, drankexcessively, had love affairs and created some of the finest American literature to date. (2%)3)American poet Gertrude Stein actually coined the expression "lost generation."Speaking to Ernest Hemingway, she said, "you are all a lost generation." The term stuck and the mystique surrounding these individuals continues to fascinate us. (2%)4)There were many literary artists involved in the groups known as the LostGeneration. The three best known are F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ernest Hemingway and John Dos Passos. Others usually included among the list are: Sherwood Anderson, Kay Boyle, Hart Crane, Ford Maddox Ford and Zelda Fitzgerald.(2%)5)The Lost Generation writers all gained prominence in 20th century literature.Their innovations challenged assumptions about writing and expression, and paved the way for subsequent generations of writers. (2%)VI. Answer ONE of the following questions.（20%）1.Analyze An American Tragedy by Theodore Dreiser.2. Analyze William Faulkner’s The Sound and the Fury.The score is given to the theme (7), content (6) and writing style (7) of the work chosen.。