rman备份常用操作语句

rman备份常用操作语句2009-08-12 23:21:57| 分类：rman|字号订阅drop tablespace tbs_rman including contents and datafiles;create tablespace tbs_rman datafile '/oradata/liutest/tbs_rman01.dbf'size 300M; create user rmanuser identified by rman default tablespace tbs_rman temporary tablespace temp;grant recovery_catalog_owner to rmanuser;select * from session_privs;select * from sesseion_roles;rman catalog rmanuser/rmanrman>create catalog tablespace tbs_rman;rman>r egister database;rman>list incarnation; -- (可以看出有几个目标数据库注册此RMAN备份) rman>report schema;rman>list backup;rman>list copy;--全备份full backupsetrman>run{allocate channel d1 device type disk;backup as compressed backupsetformat='/rmanbak/full_%d_%U'tag='fullbak'channel=d1database plus archivelog delete input;}rman>crosscheck copy;rman>delete expired copy;--0级备份run{allocate channel d1 device type disk;backup as compressed backupsetincremental l evel=0format='/rmanbak/inc0_%d_%U'tag='inc0'channel=d1database;release channel d1;}rman>list backup summary;--差异1级增量备份run{allocate channel d1 device type disk;backup as compressed backupsetincremental level=1format='/rmanbak/inc1_%d_%U'tag='inc1'channel=d1database;release channel d1;}--查看备份结果rman>list backupset summary;rman>list backup by file;>ll -h --可以比较大小--累积型增量备份run{allocate channel d1 device type disk;backup as compressed backupsetincremental level=1 cummulativeformat='/rmanbak/cum1_%d_%U'tag='cum1'channel=d1database;release channel d1;}--备份表空间run{allocate channel d1 device type disk;backup as compressed backupsetformat='/rmanbak/tbs_user_%d_%U'tag='tbs'channel=d1t ablespace users,center,system;release channel d1;}--备份数据文件run{allocate channel d1 device type disk;backup as compressed backupsetformat='/rmanbak/df_%d_%U'tag='dfile'channel=d1datafile 1;-- select file_id from dba_data_files;release channel d1;}--查看备份结果list backupset tag='DFILE'--备份archivelog文件--备份之前，先检查一下rman>crosscheck copy of archivelog all;rman>crosscheck archivelog all;rman>sql "alter system switch logfile";rman>sql"alter system switch logfiel";rman>sql "alter system switch logfiel";--进行日志切换，让系统备份归档日志rman>list archivelog all;rman>list backupset; --可以得到chp scn(ckeckpoint scn)来断定备份那个归档日志(用于恢复)run{allocate channel d1 device type disk;backup as compressed backupsetformat='/rmanbak/arch_%d_%U'tag='arch'channel=d1archivelog from scn 1219672; --1219672是一个chp scn(ckeckpoint scn)release channel d1;}-- 查看备份结果rman>list backupset;--备份拷贝backup as copyrun{allocate channel d1 device type disk;backup as copyformat='/rmanbak/copy_%d_%U'tag='copybak'channel=d1database;release channel d1;}rman>report schema;rman>report obsolete;list backupset;list backupset by file; --根据文件输出crosscheck --校验备份信息是否被删除crosscheck backupset;--如果有删除的备份信息，把它标志为expired--接着就可以删除这些备份信息：delete expired backupset;change命令：change backupset 1available(crosscheck,delete,unavailable,uncatalog,validate,nokeep(keep,comma));--改变备份信息的状态--change backupset 1 delete 表示删除这个备份信息(相当于crosscheck backupset; delete obsolete backupset;)list 命令1 列出对应物RMAN>list incarnation;(可以看出有几个目标数据库注册此RMAN备份)2 列出备份2.1概述可用的备份RMAN>list backup summary;显示结果LV字段说明如下：B 表示backupF 表示FULLA 表示archive log0 1 表示incremental backupS 说明备份状态（A AVAILABLE，X EXPIRED )2.2按备份类型列出备份RMAN>list backup by file;按照数据文件备份，归档日志备份，控制文件备份，服务器参数文件备份列出2.3列出详细备份RMAN>list backup；2.4列出过期备份RMAN>list expired backup;2.5列出表空间和数据文件备份list backup of tablespace 和list backup of datafile 输出和list backup 相似如：list backup of tablespace user_tbs;list backup of datafile 3;2.6列出归档日志备份RMAN>list archivelog all;简要信息RMAN>list backup of archivelog all;详细信息2.7列出控制文件和服务器参数文件RMAN>list backup of controfile;RMAN>list backup of spfile;=====================================================RMAN 的report命令1. 报告最近没有被备份的数据文件RMAN>report need backup days=3;2. 报告备份冗余或恢复窗口RMAN>report need backup redundancy=2;RMAN>report need backup recovery window of 2 days;3. 报告数据文件的不可恢复操作RMAN>report unrecoverable;4. 报告数据库模式RMAN>report schema;5. 报告丢弃的备份如果使用了保存策略，备份会标记为丢弃状态RMAN>report obsolete;删除丢弃状态备份RMAN>delete obsolete;=================================================================== ==RMAN的crosscheck 命令1 备份集有两种状态A(Available,RMAN认为该项存在于备份介质上)X(Expired，备份存在于控制文件或恢复目录中，但是并没有物理存在于备份介质上）2 crosscheck 的目的是检查RMAN 的目录以及物理文件，如果物理文件不存在于介质上，将标记为Expired。