《英语翻译基础》样题及参考答案
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编24(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编24(题后含答案及解析) 题型有:1. 词语翻译词语翻译英译汉1.cultural pluralism.正确答案:文化多元性2.lingua franca正确答案:混合语,通用语3.stage fright正确答案:怯场4.functional equivalence正确答案:功能对等5.PIIGS正确答案:欧猪五国6.Obama-mess正确答案:奥巴马困境7.seckill正确答案:秒杀8.Chindonesia正确答案:中印尼,亚洲铁三角9.intexticated正确答案:边开车边发短信10.broken society正确答案:破裂的社会11.defriend正确答案:解除好友关系12.ghost estate正确答案:鬼宅13.copycatting正确答案:山寨14.great recession正确答案:大萧条汉译英15.翻译能力正确答案:translation competence 16.翻译标准正确答案:translation criterion 17.典故正确答案:literary quotation 18.汉化英语正确答案:Chinglish19.陪同口译正确答案:Escort Interpretation 20.跨文化交际正确答案:cross-cultural communication21.模拟国际会议口译正确答案:mock international conference interpretation22.典籍英译正确答案:English Translation of Chinese Classics23.学术翻译正确答案:academic translation24.翻译专业硕士正确答案:Master of Translation and Interpreting25.建设中国特色社会主义正确答案:the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics。
翻译硕士MIT《英语翻译基础》样题参考答案
《英语翻译基础》样题参考答案I. Directions:Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively. There are altogether 30 items in this part of the test, 15 in English and 15 in Chinese, with one pint for each. (30’)1. 亚太经贸合作组织2. 东南亚国家联盟3. 首席财务官4. 消费价格指数5. 邮政特快专递6. 联邦调查局7. 全球定位系统8. 首次公开募股9. 北大西洋公约组织10. 国际货币基金组织11. 最惠国12. 知识产权13. 注册会计师14. 欧洲自由贸易联盟15. 国际原子能机构16. mortgage loan17. health-care food18. the bonded zone19. bad (harmful) practice; unhealthy tendency20. (passenger) transport during the Spring Festival21. tertiary industry; service sector22. a state with an adequate legal system23. international common practice24. cash on delivery25. enterprises running in the red/under deficit26. downsizing for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency27. conglomeration and merger of enterprises28. retain the job but suspend the salary29. special drawing rights (SDR; SDRs)30. market accessII. Directions:Translate the following two source texts into their target language respectively. If the source text is in English, its target language is Chinese. If the source text is in Chinese, itstarg et language is English (120’).英译汉:一位内科医生每次给新病人看病时脑子里就会响起一个刺耳的声音:我要是诊断错了该怎么办?我是个蹩脚的医生。
初一英语基础翻译练习题20题含答案解析
初一英语基础翻译练习题20题含答案解析1.我有一支钢笔。
I have a pen.答案解析:这是一个简单的陈述句。
“我”是主语“I”,“有”是谓语动词“have”,“一支钢笔”是宾语“a pen”。
2.他是我的朋友。
He is my friend.答案解析:“他”是主语“He”,“是”用“is”,“我的朋友”是“my friend”。
3.这是一本书。
This is a book.答案解析:“这”用“This”,“是”是“is”,“一本书”是“a book”。
4.她的名字是露西。
Her name is Lucy.答案解析:“她的”是“Her”,“名字”是“name”,“是”用“is”,“露西”是“Lucy”。
5.我在学校。
I am at school.答案解析:“我”是“I”,“在”用“am”,“学校”是“school”,“在学校”用“at school”。
6.他有一个篮球。
He has a basketball.答案解析:“他”是“He”,“有”是“has”,“一个篮球”是“a basketball”。
7.这是我的书包。
This is my schoolbag.答案解析:“这”是“This”,“是”是“is”,“我的书包”是“my schoolbag”。
8.她是一名学生。
She is a student.答案解析:“她”是“She”,“是”用“is”,“一名学生”是“a student”。
9.我喜欢英语。
I like English.答案解析:“我”是“I”,“喜欢”是“like”,“英语”是“English”。
10.他的铅笔在哪里?Where is his pencil?答案解析:“他的”是“His”,“铅笔”是“pencil”,“在哪里”用“Where is”。
11.There are many books on the desk.(中文翻译:桌子上有许多书。
)答案解析:这是一个there be 句型,表示“有”。
英语翻译基础(词语翻译)模拟试卷4(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础(词语翻译)模拟试卷4(题后含答案及解析) 题型有:1. 词语翻译词语翻译英译汉1.exchange views正确答案:交换观点涉及知识点:英译汉2.exercise the state power in the interest of thepeople正确答案:执政为民涉及知识点:英译汉3.expand the common ground正确答案:扩大共识涉及知识点:英译汉4.extensive and profound正确答案:博大深远涉及知识点:英译汉5.extensive/intensive operation正确答案:粗放/集约经营涉及知识点:英译汉6.extracurricular activities正确答案:课外活动涉及知识点:英译汉7.fairness and justice正确答案:公平和正义涉及知识点:英译汉8.first aid正确答案:急救涉及知识点:英译汉9.flaunt正确答案:炫耀;标榜涉及知识点:英译汉10.flourish正确答案:繁荣昌盛涉及知识点:英译汉11.fluctuation正确答案:波动;起伏不定涉及知识点:英译汉12.foreign affairs office正确答案:外事办涉及知识点:英译汉13.foreign exchange market正确答案:外汇市场涉及知识点:英译汉14.formulation正确答案:明确表达;简洁陈述涉及知识点:英译汉15.framework正确答案:框架涉及知识点:英译汉16.friction正确答案:摩擦涉及知识点:英译汉17.fundamental interests正确答案:根本利益涉及知识点:英译汉18.gender gap正确答案:性别差异涉及知识点:英译汉19.generation gap正确答案:代沟涉及知识点:英译汉20.giobalization正确答案:全球化涉及知识点:英译汉21.global village正确答案:地球村涉及知识点:英译汉22.good faith正确答案:善意涉及知识点:英译汉23.good-neighborliness正确答案:睦邻友好涉及知识点:英译汉24.goodwill visit正确答案:友好访问涉及知识点:英译汉25.government organs;government institutions正确答案:政府机构涉及知识点:英译汉26.graduate student;post-graduate(student)正确答案:研究生涉及知识点:英译汉27.guarantee正确答案:保证涉及知识点:英译汉28.guidance正确答案:指导涉及知识点:英译汉29.gunboat policy正确答案:(坚船利炮)强权政策涉及知识点:英译汉30.hacker正确答案:黑客,骇客涉及知识点:英译汉31.hacking attacks正确答案:黑客攻击涉及知识点:英译汉32.hamper正确答案:妨碍涉及知识点:英译汉33.harmonious relationship正确答案:和睦关系涉及知识点:英译汉34.harness正确答案:管理,支配,控制涉及知识点:英译汉35.headmaster/headmistress;principal正确答案:中、小学校长涉及知识点:英译汉36.head of state正确答案:国家元首涉及知识点:英译汉37.hegemony正确答案:霸权涉及知识点:英译汉38.high seas正确答案:公海涉及知识点:英译汉39.homeland security正确答案:国土安全涉及知识点:英译汉40.Hope Project正确答案:希望工程涉及知识点:英译汉41.hostility正确答案:敌意;敌对状态涉及知识点:英译汉42.human civilization正确答案:人类文明涉及知识点:英译汉43.ideology正确答案:意识形态涉及知识点:英译汉44.impair正确答案:损害涉及知识点:英译汉45.impeachment正确答案:弹劾涉及知识点:英译汉46.impetus正确答案:动力涉及知识点:英译汉47.implement正确答案:贯彻涉及知识点:英译汉48.in a friendly manner正确答案:以友好的方式涉及知识点:英译汉49.incapacitate正确答案:使不能胜任涉及知识点:英译汉50.incentive正确答案:动机;动力涉及知识点:英译汉。
《英语翻译基础》讲义及《样题和答案》
英语翻译基础讲义第一章翻译的基本原则1.Nature of Translation(翻译的性质)Translation is a science.Translation is an art.Translation is a craft.Translation is a skill.Translation is an operation.Translation is a language activity.Translation is communication2.Principles of Translation(翻译的原则)Three characters “信,达,雅”(faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance)———严复《天演论》Three characters “信,达,切”(faithfulness, expressiveness and closeness) ———刘重德《翻译十讲》Summary:忠实与通顺(1) Faithfulness of Translation (翻译的忠实)Strictly speaking, faithfulness is the generalization of the principles of translation. That’s to say, true translation demands that the translator be faithful to the content, language and style of the original at the same time.Eg. 1.War, pestilence and famine consumed one million people.战争,瘟疫和饥馑毁掉了一百万人。
该句译文从三个方面与原文都是一致的。
内容上,措辞完全对应;形式上,中英文都是陈述句,且语序相同。
浙江电大《英语翻译基础》平时作业参考答案
《英语翻译基础》作业(1)参考答案一、选择题1.“意译”是指译文从意义出发,要求将原文的意义正确表达出来,不必拘泥于( D )的形式。
A. 词句B. 词句和比喻C. 各种修辞手段D. 词、句、以及各种修辞手段2. 翻译是一种(A)的交际活动。
A.跨语言,跨文化,跨社会 B. 跨语言C.跨语言,跨社会 D. 跨语言,跨社会3.翻译的理想单位是:__________。
(A)A.篇章 B. 句子 C.词语 D. 单词4.严复的“雅”是指:__ A ___。
A.指脱离原文而片面追求译文本身的古雅。
B.指保存原作的风格。
C.指保持原作的形式。
D.以上的答案都不正确5.下面哪句话的描述是正确的(D)。
A.钱钟书的翻译标准是:重神似而不重形似B.傅雷的翻译标准是:意美、音美、形美C.许渊冲的翻译标准是:化境D.奈达的翻译标准是:动态对等6.中国佛经翻译的主要代表人物是___ A _____。
A.玄奘 B. 徐光启 C. 林纾 D. 严复7. 翻译的过程依次为____ B _____三个阶段。
A.表达,理解和校核 B. 理解,表达和校核C.理解,校核和表达 D. 校核,理解和表达8. 直译是指:____ A._____。
A. 在译文语言条件许可时,在译文中既保持原文的内容,又保持原文的形式——特别指保持原文的比喻、形象和民族、地方色彩等。
B. 在译文中保持原文的形式,不需要保持原文的内容。
C. 死译。
D.硬译。
9. 马善忠的翻译标准为:____ A ____。
A. 善译B. 信、达、雅C. 忠实、通顺D. 保持原文的丰姿10. 明徐光启和意大利人利玛窦合作,翻译了____ A ____等书。
A.《几何原本》、《测量法义》 B.《巴黎茶花女遗事》C.《王子复仇记》、《天演论》 D. 《几何原本》、《天演论》二、改译句子。
1. The research work is being done by a group of dedicated and imaginative scientists who specialize in extracting from various sea animals substances that may improve.译文:这项研究工作正在被一小组专心致志、具有想象力的科学家进行着。
英语翻译基础(词语翻译)模拟试卷118(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础(词语翻译)模拟试卷118(题后含答案及解析)题型有:1.1.独立自主的和平外交政策正确答案:an independent foreign policy of peace 涉及知识点:词语翻译2.丰富民主形式正确答案:develop diverse forms of democracy 涉及知识点:词语翻译3.行业不正之风正确答案:evil winds in business 涉及知识点:词语翻译4.恐怖主义正确答案:terrorism 涉及知识点:词语翻译5.廉政、勤政、务实、高效政府正确答案:an honest,diligent,pragmatic and efficient government 涉及知识点:词语翻译6.民族独立和人民解放正确答案:national independence and the liberation of the people 涉及知识点:词语翻译7.人才培养机制正确答案:talent development scheme 涉及知识点:词语翻译8.弱势群体正确答案:vulnerable groups 涉及知识点:词语翻译9.挖墙脚正确答案:undermine the foundation of sth.;cut the ground from under sb’s feet涉及知识点:词语翻译10.产业结构调整正确答案:industrial restructuring 涉及知识点:汉译英11.存款准备金率正确答案:required reserve ratio 涉及知识点:汉译英12.多元社会正确答案:pluralistic society 涉及知识点:汉译英13.技术更新正确答案:technological upgrading 涉及知识点:汉译英14.民主法制正确答案:democratic and the legal system 涉及知识点:汉译英15.泡沫经济正确答案:bubble economy 涉及知识点:汉译英16.实现双赢互利正确答案:attain win—win progress andmutual benefit 涉及知识点:汉译英17.风起云涌正确答案:like a rising wind and scudding clouds 涉及知识点:词语翻译18.文化交流正确答案:cultural exchange 涉及知识点:汉译英19.风雨无阻正确答案:in all weathers 涉及知识点:词语翻译20.英雄所见略同正确答案:Great minds think alike.涉及知识点:词语翻译21.实现社会公平与正义正确答案:ensure equity and justice 涉及知识点:汉译英22.平稳过渡正确答案:smooth transition of power 涉及知识点:汉译英23.全面提高正确答案:all-round improvement 涉及知识点:汉译英24.管理;支配;控制正确答案:harness 涉及知识点:汉译英25.祖国统一大业正确答案:the great cause of national reuni—fication 涉及知识点:汉译英26.招待会正确答案:reception 涉及知识点:汉译英27.拨号连接正确答案:dial—up connection 涉及知识点:汉译英28.电视广播大学正确答案:television and radio broadcastinguniversity 涉及知识点:汉译英29.领取助学金的学生正确答案:a grant-aided student 涉及知识点:汉译英30.(美)两党的;代表两党的;得到两党支持的正确答案:bipartisan 涉及知识点:汉译英31.集体主义正确答案:collectivism 涉及知识点:汉译英32.殉教者,烈士正确答案:martyr 涉及知识点:汉译英33.(机场安检处的)金属探测器正确答案:metal detector 涉及知识点:汉译英34.(间谍、恐怖分子的)藏身房,安全房正确答案:Safe House 涉及知识点:汉译英35.自立幅度正确答案:autonomy spectrum 涉及知识点:汉译英36.词类转换正确答案:class shift 涉及知识点:汉译英37.隔行翻译正确答案:interlineal translation 涉及知识点:汉译英38.成品取向翻译研究正确答案:product—oriented translation stud-ies 涉及知识点:汉译英39.原始翻译正确答案:radical translation 涉及知识点:汉译英40.目的论正确答案:skopos theory 涉及知识点:汉译英。
初一英语基础翻译练习题20题带答案
初一英语基础翻译练习题20题带答案1. What's your name?My name is Li Hua.答案:我的名字是李华。
解析:这是一个询问姓名的日常用语,“What's your name?”是特殊疑问句,“your”是形容词性物主代词,修饰“name”,“is”是系动词,“Li Hua”是人名,作表语。
2. How are you?I'm fine, thank you.答案:我很好,谢谢。
解析:这是一个问候语,“How are you?”是特殊疑问句,“you”是第二人称代词,“are”是系动词,“fine”是形容词,作表语,“thank you”是固定短语,表示感谢。
3. Nice to meet you.Nice to meet you, too.答案:很高兴见到你。
我也很高兴见到你。
解析:这是一个见面时的问候语,“Nice to meet you.”是固定短语,“too”是副词,表示“也”。
4. This is my friend.This is Li Ming.答案:这是我的朋友。
这是李明。
解析:“This is...”是介绍某人或某物的常用句型,“my”是形容词性物主代词,修饰“friend”,“Li Ming”是人名。
5. Where are you from?I'm from China.答案:你来自哪里?我来自中国。
解析:“Where are you from?”是特殊疑问句,询问来自哪里,“be from”是固定短语,表示“来自”。
6. What's this in English?This is a book.答案:这个用英语怎么说?这是一本书。
解析:“What's this in English?”是特殊疑问句,询问某物用英语怎么说,“in English”是固定短语,表示“用英语”。
7. How many books do you have?I have three books.答案:你有多少本书?我有三本书。
英语翻译基础(词语翻译)模拟试卷35(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础(词语翻译)模拟试卷35(题后含答案及解析) 题型有:1. 词语翻译词语翻译汉译英1.即将结束正确答案:draw to a close 涉及知识点:汉译英2.雄辩的(动人的)演讲正确答案:eloquent remark 涉及知识点:汉译英3.招待正确答案:entertain 涉及知识点:汉译英4.特殊安排;精心安排正确答案:extraordinary arrangement 涉及知识点:汉译英5.注目礼正确答案:eye salute 涉及知识点:汉译英6.欢送仪式正确答案:farewell ceremony 涉及知识点:汉译英7.感到骄傲和荣幸正确答案:feel proud and honored 涉及知识点:汉译英8.同胞们正确答案:fellow citizens 涉及知识点:汉译英9.外事办正确答案:foreign affairs office 涉及知识点:汉译英10.展宏图,酬壮志正确答案:fulfill one’s ambitions 涉及知识点:汉译英11.盛情款待正确答案:generous hospitality 涉及知识点:汉译英12.真挚友谊正确答案:genuine friendship 涉及知识点:汉译英13.接风洗尘正确答案:give a dinner for a visitor from afar 涉及知识点:汉译英14.友好访问正确答案:goodwill visit 涉及知识点:汉译英15.盛情邀请正确答案:gracious invitation 涉及知识点:汉译英16.热情的演讲,评论正确答案:gracious remark 涉及知识点:汉译英17.主宾正确答案:Guest of Honor 涉及知识点:汉译英18.礼炮正确答案:gun salute 涉及知识点:汉译英19.由衷地感谢正确答案:heartfelt gratefulness 涉及知识点:汉译英20.热烈拥抱正确答案:hearty embrace 涉及知识点:汉译英21.衷心地感谢正确答案:hearty gratitude 涉及知识点:汉译英22.传统正确答案:heritage 涉及知识点:汉译英23.好客正确答案:hospitality 涉及知识点:汉译英24.为……饯行正确答案:host a farewell dinner for someone 涉及知识点:汉译英25.主办国,东道主国家正确答案:host country 涉及知识点:汉译英26.久仰正确答案:I’ve long heard of you 涉及知识点:汉译英27.即席讲话正确答案:impromptu speech 涉及知识点:汉译英28.在……的陪同下正确答案:in the company of…;accompa—nied by...涉及知识点:汉译英29.开幕式;就职典礼正确答案:inauguration 涉及知识点:汉译英30.无比盛情的款待正确答案:incomparable hospitality 涉及知识点:汉译英31.活动日程,路线正确答案:itinerary 涉及知识点:汉译英32.友好的欢迎词正确答案:kind words of welcome 涉及知识点:汉译英33.长久的友谊正确答案:lasting friendship 涉及知识点:汉译英34.盼望已久的客人正确答案:long—awaited guest 涉及知识点:汉译英35.回顾过去正确答案:look back at the past 涉及知识点:汉译英36.展望未来正确答案:look into the future 涉及知识点:汉译英37.午餐会正确答案:luncheon 涉及知识点:汉译英38.车队正确答案:motorcade 涉及知识点:汉译英39.泛泛之交正确答案:nodding acquaintance 涉及知识点:汉译英40.开幕致辞正确答案:opening address 涉及知识点:汉译英41.开幕式正确答案:opening ceremony 涉及知识点:汉译英42.回拜正确答案:pay a return visit 涉及知识点:汉译英43.野餐会正确答案:picnic party 涉及知识点:汉译英44.祝酒正确答案:propose a toast 涉及知识点:汉译英45.接待正确答案:receive;play host to 涉及知识点:汉译英46.接待员正确答案:receptionist 涉及知识点:汉译英47.招待会正确答案:reception 涉及知识点:汉译英48.问候正确答案:regards 涉及知识点:汉译英49.重温旧情(结交新友)正确答案:renew old friendships(andestablish new contacts) 涉及知识点:汉译英50.席位安排正确答案:seating arrangement 涉及知识点:汉译英。
英语翻译基础(词语翻译)模拟试卷104(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础(词语翻译)模拟试卷104(题后含答案及解析)题型有:1.1.加强舆论监督正确答案:ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion 涉及知识点:词语翻译2.依法治国和以德治国正确答案:the rule of law and the rule of virtue 涉及知识点:词语翻译3.转变政府职能正确答案:to shift the functions of the government 涉及知识点:词语翻译4.中华全国总工会正确答案:All-China Federation of Trade Unions 涉及知识点:词语翻译5.便携式电脑正确答案:portable computer 涉及知识点:汉译英6.财政收入正确答案:fiscal revenue 涉及知识点:汉译英7.夺冠正确答案:take the crown 涉及知识点:汉译英8.扩大/缩小地区发展差距正确答案:widen/narrow thegap/disparity between regions in terms of de—velopment 涉及知识点:汉译英9.百里挑一正确答案:one in hundred 涉及知识点:词语翻译10.地大物博正确答案:vast territory and abundant resources 涉及知识点:词语翻译11.大智若愚正确答案:a man of great wisdom often appears slow—witted 涉及知识点:词语翻译12.外交惯例正确答案:diplomatic practice 涉及知识点:汉译英13.无中生有正确答案:make/create something out of nothing 涉及知识点:词语翻译14.取得丰硕成果正确答案:yield substantial results 涉及知识点:汉译英15.知识分子正确答案:intellectuals 涉及知识点:汉译英16.资源配置正确答案:the allocation of resources 涉及知识点:汉译英17.组织监督正确答案:organizational supervision 涉及知识点:汉译英18.石雕正确答案:stone carving 涉及知识点:汉译英19.闰年正确答案:leap year 涉及知识点:汉译英20.才子佳人正确答案:gifted scholars and beautiful ladies 涉及知识点:汉译英21.《春秋》正确答案:The Spring and Autumn Annals 涉及知识点:汉译英22.单色画(由一种颜色的不同色度制作出的图片,尤指图画)正确答案:monochrome 涉及知识点:汉译英23.音乐剧正确答案:musical 涉及知识点:汉译英24.中国古代哲学家正确答案:Ancient Chinese Philosophers 涉及知识点:汉译英25.礼节性拜会正确答案:courtesy call 涉及知识点:汉译英26.传统正确答案:heritage 涉及知识点:汉译英27.丰硕的成果正确答案:abundant accomplishment 涉及知识点:汉译英28.加密正确答案:encryption 涉及知识点:汉译英29.企业内部互联网正确答案:intranet 涉及知识点:汉译英30.多功能信息商亭正确答案:Kiosk 涉及知识点:汉译英31.校训正确答案:school motto 涉及知识点:汉译英32.应试教育正确答案:exam-oriented education 涉及知识点:汉译英33.重点大学正确答案:key university 涉及知识点:汉译英34.水门事件(美国政治丑闻)正确答案:Watergate 涉及知识点:汉译英35.思想矛盾正确答案:doublethink 涉及知识点:汉译英36.新世界秩序正确答案:New World Order 涉及知识点:汉译英37.报复性袭击正确答案:retaliatory 涉及知识点:汉译英38.空袭正确答案:air strike 涉及知识点:汉译英39.暗杀,行刺正确答案:assassination 涉及知识点:汉译英40.级阶受限翻译正确答案:rank—bound translation 涉及知识点:汉译英。
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编50(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编50(题后含答案及解析) 题型有:1. 词语翻译词语翻译英译汉1.dynamic equivalence正确答案:动态对等2.miss the boat正确答案:坐失良机3.spill the beans正确答案:泄漏秘密4.semiotic dimension正确答案:符号学层次5.postscript正确答案:附录,后记6.outsourcing正确答案:外包7.transliteration正确答案:音译8.tit for tat正确答案:以牙还牙9.black sheep正确答案:害群之马10.over-translation正确答案:过度翻译11.MOU正确答案:Memorandum of Understanding谅解备忘录12.GDP正确答案:Gross Domestic Product国内生产总值13.POW正确答案:Prisoner of War战俘14.CPU正确答案:Central Processing Unit中央处理器15.LC正确答案:Library of Congress(美国)国会图书馆汉译英16.电子商务正确答案:electronic commerce17.对冲基金正确答案:hedge funds18.次贷危机正确答案:subprime crisis19.山寨手机正确答案:emulational mobile phone20.暗箱操作正确答案:black case work21.本末倒置正确答案:put the cart before the horse 22.破釜沉舟正确答案:burn one’ s bridges23.网恋正确答案:online love affair24.和谐社会正确答案:harmonious society25.科学发展观正确答案:Scientific Outlook on Development。
大学英语四级翻译基础练习及答案
大学英语四级翻译基础练习及答案英语四级翻译基础练习一:【翻译句子】“直译”这名词,在“五四”以后方成为权威。
这是反抗林琴南氏的“歪译”而起的。
我们说林译是“歪译”,可丝毫没有糟蹋他的意思;我们是觉得“意译”这名词用在林译身上并不妥当,所以称它为“歪译”。
林氏是不懂“蟹行文字的”,所以他的译本都是别人口译而林氏笔述。
我们不很明白当时他们合作的情形是别人口译了一句,林氏随即也笔述了一句呢,还是别人先口译了一段或一节,然后林氏笔述下来?但无论如何,这种译法是免不了两重的歪曲的。
【答案解析】答案:The phrase “literal translation”didnt become the authority until the May Fourth Movement in 1919.It was coined in opposition to the “distorted translation”of Lin Qinnan.We have no intention to be disrespectful by describing his translation as “distorted translation”.We just feel it is inappropriate to address Lins version as “free translation”.Mr.Lin had no knowledge of arrow headed characters and all of his translation works were put down to paper after hearing others interpretation.We still wonder whether the cooperation was carried out in the way he reinterpreted others words sentence-by-sentence orpassage-by-passage?Anyway,during that process,double distortion is inevitable.分析1.“直译”这名词,在“五四”以后方成为权威。
英语翻译基础(词语翻译)模拟试卷106(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础(词语翻译)模拟试卷106(题后含答案及解析)题型有:1.1.宏观管理体制正确答案:macro—control system 涉及知识点:词语翻译2.基本医疗保险制度正确答案:basic medical insurance system 涉及知识点:词语翻译3.技术/劳动/资本/知识密集型产业正确答案:technology—intensive/labor—intensive/capital—intensive/knowledge—intensive industries 涉及知识点:词语翻译4.科技是第一生产力正确答案:Science and technology constitute a primary productive force.涉及知识点:词语翻译5.科教兴国战略正确答案:the strategy of invigorating the country through science and education 涉及知识点:词语翻译6.外交惯例正确答案:diplomatic practice 涉及知识点:词语翻译7.隐形就业正确答案:unregistered employment 涉及知识点:词语翻译8.半拉子工程正确答案:uncompleted project 涉及知识点:汉译英9.闭门羹正确答案:given cold-shoulder 涉及知识点:汉译英10.从我国国情出发正确答案:proceed from our national conditions 涉及知识点:汉译英11.国际空间站正确答案:International Space Station 涉及知识点:汉译英12.承上启下正确答案:a connecting link between the preceding and the following 涉及知识点:词语翻译13.破釜沉舟正确答案:to burn the boat 涉及知识点:词语翻译14.信、达、雅正确答案:faithfulness,expressiveness and ele—gance 涉及知识点:汉译英15.依法治国正确答案:run the country according to law 涉及知识点:汉译英16.社会主义基本制度正确答案:the basic system of socialism 涉及知识点:汉译英17.民族区域自治制度正确答案:the system of autonomy ofethnic regions 涉及知识点:汉译英18.侨胞正确答案:overseas Chinese 涉及知识点:汉译英19.改善,改进正确答案:ameliorate 涉及知识点:汉译英20.合作关系正确答案:cooperative relationship 涉及知识点:汉译英21.双边合作正确答案:bilateral cooperation 涉及知识点:汉译英22.和平统一正确答案:peaceful reunification 涉及知识点:汉译英23.黄帝正确答案:Yellow Emperor 涉及知识点:汉译英24.中国文学正确答案:Chinese literature 涉及知识点:汉译英25.对口型,假唱正确答案:lip synching 涉及知识点:汉译英26.长久的友谊正确答案:lasting friendship 涉及知识点:汉译英27.加密正确答案:encryption 涉及知识点:汉译英28.科技发展前沿正确答案:frontier science and technology 涉及知识点:汉译英29.流媒体正确答案:streaming media 涉及知识点:汉译英30.课堂讨论正确答案:class discussion 涉及知识点:汉译英31.校友正确答案:alumnus(男);alumna(女)[pl.alumni;alumnae] 涉及知识点:汉译英32.水门事件(美国政治丑闻)正确答案:Watergate 涉及知识点:汉译英33.长官,大臣,(德国)总理正确答案:chancellor 涉及知识点:汉译英34.劫机正确答案:skyjacking 涉及知识点:汉译英35.劫机正确答案:air piracy 涉及知识点:汉译英36.化学武器正确答案:chemical weapons 涉及知识点:汉译英37.种族歧视正确答案:racial discrimination 涉及知识点:汉译英38.忠实正确答案:faithfulness 涉及知识点:汉译英39.诠释步骤正确答案:hermeneutic motion 涉及知识点:汉译英40.原始翻译正确答案:radical translation 涉及知识点:汉译英。
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编35(题后含答案及解析)全文编辑修改
精选全文完整版可编辑修改英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编35(题后含答案及解析) 题型有:1. 词语翻译词语翻译英译汉1.down-payment requirement正确答案:首付款2.bailout money正确答案:救助资金3.domestic abuse正确答案:家庭暴力4.home appliances正确答案:家电5.quantitative easing正确答案:定量宽松6.Big Bang正确答案:宇宙大爆炸7.House of Commons正确答案:下议院8.Cantonese Opera正确答案:粤剧9.product placement ads正确答案:产品置入广告10.deposit reserve requirement ratio 正确答案:存款准备金率汉译英11.经济刺激方案正确答案:Economic Stimulus Package 12.包容性增长正确答案:Inclusive growth13.落地签证正确答案:on-site visa14.黑帮正确答案:the Mafia15.二房东正确答案:Sub-landlord16.紧凑型轿车正确答案:Compact cars17.潜规则正确答案:hidden rule18.留守儿童正确答案:stay-at-home children 19.良性循环正确答案:virtuous cycle20.无党派人士正确答案:non-party personage21.下半旗致哀正确答案:Half-mast22.玩忽职守正确答案:dereliction of duty23.拆迁费正确答案:relocation compensation24.贫富两极分化正确答案:polarization between the rich and the poor 25.厨房重地,闲人免进正确答案:The kitchen, staff only。
英语翻译基础(词语翻译)模拟试卷30(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础(词语翻译)模拟试卷30(题后含答案及解析)题型有:1. 词语翻译词语翻译汉译英1.空手道正确答案:karate 涉及知识点:汉译英2.跆拳道正确答案:tae kwon do 涉及知识点:汉译英3.拳击正确答案:boxing 涉及知识点:汉译英4.摔跤正确答案:wrestling 涉及知识点:汉译英5.击剑正确答案:fencing 涉及知识点:汉译英6.武侠小说正确答案:tales of roving knights;kung fu novels 涉及知识点:汉译英7.中国文学正确答案:Chinese literature 涉及知识点:汉译英8.《三国演义》正确答案:The Romance of Three Kingdoms 涉及知识点:汉译英9.《西游记》正确答案:Journey to the West;Pilgrimage to theWest 涉及知识点:汉译英10.《红楼梦》正确答案:Dream of the Red Mansions 涉及知识点:汉译英11.《山海经》正确答案:The Classic of Mountains and Rivers 涉及知识点:汉译英12.《资治通鉴》正确答案:History as a Mirror;ComprehensiveHistory Retold as a Mirror for Rulers 涉及知识点:汉译英13.《西厢记》正确答案:The Romance of West Chamber 涉及知识点:汉译英14.《水浒传》正确答案:Heroes of the Marshes;Tales of theWater Margin 涉及知识点:汉译英15.《聊斋志异》正确答案:Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio;Strange Tales from Make—Do Studio 涉及知识点:汉译英16.《围城》正确答案:Fortress Besieged 涉及知识点:汉译英17.《阿Q正传》正确答案:The True Story of Ah Q 涉及知识点:汉译英18.《春秋》正确答案:The Spring and Autumn Annals 涉及知识点:汉译英19.《史记》正确答案:Historical Records 涉及知识点:汉译英20.《诗经》正确答案:The Book of Songs;the Book of Odes 涉及知识点:汉译英21.《书经》正确答案:The Book of History 涉及知识点:汉译英22.《易经》正确答案:I Ching;the Book of Changes 涉及知识点:汉译英23.《礼记》正确答案:The Book of Rites 涉及知识点:汉译英24.《孝经》正确答案:Book of Filial Piety 涉及知识点:汉译英25.《三字经》正确答案:Three—character Scripture;Three-wordChant 涉及知识点:汉译英26.八股文正确答案:eight—part essay;stereotyped writing 涉及知识点:汉译英27.五言绝句正确答案:five-character quatrain 涉及知识点:汉译英28.七言律诗正确答案:seven-character octave 涉及知识点:汉译英29.四合院正确答案:Quadrangle,the traditional Chinese sin—gle-story houses with rowsof rooms around thefour sides of a courtyard 涉及知识点:汉译英30.碑刻,碑文,碑铭正确答案:inscriptions on a tablet 涉及知识点:汉译英31.碑林正确答案:the forest of steles,tablet forest 涉及知识点:汉译英32.道观正确答案:Taoist temple 涉及知识点:汉译英33.烽火台正确答案:beacon tower 涉及知识点:汉译英34.鼓楼正确答案:drum tower 涉及知识点:汉译英35.华表正确答案:ornamental column 涉及知识点:汉译英36.回廊正确答案:corridor 涉及知识点:汉译英37.祭坛正确答案:altar 涉及知识点:汉译英38.假山正确答案:rockery 涉及知识点:汉译英39.角楼正确答案:watchtower 涉及知识点:汉译英40.牌楼正确答案:pailou,decorated archway 涉及知识点:汉译英41.石舫正确答案:stone boat 涉及知识点:汉译英42.石窟正确答案:grotto 涉及知识点:汉译英43.水榭正确答案:pavilion on the water 涉及知识点:汉译英44.塔正确答案:pagoda;tower 涉及知识点:汉译英45.台正确答案:terrace 涉及知识点:汉译英46.钟楼正确答案:bell tower 涉及知识点:汉译英47.柱正确答案:pillar;column;post 涉及知识点:汉译英48.陵墓正确答案:emperor’s mausoleum/tomb 涉及知识点:汉译英49.重要文化遗产正确答案:major cultural heritage 涉及知识点:汉译英50.优秀民间艺术正确答案:outstanding folk arts 涉及知识点:汉译英。
英语翻译基础(词语翻译)模拟试卷40(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础(词语翻译)模拟试卷40(题后含答案及解析)题型有:1. 词语翻译词语翻译汉译英1.教育投入正确答案:input in education 涉及知识点:汉译英2.九年义务教育正确答案:nine—year compulsory education 涉及知识点:汉译英3.考研正确答案:take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools 涉及知识点:汉译英4.课外的正确答案:extracurricular 涉及知识点:汉译英5.课外活动正确答案:extracurricular activities 涉及知识点:汉译英6.课堂讨论正确答案:class discussion 涉及知识点:汉译英7.必修课正确答案:required/compulsory course 涉及知识点:汉译英8.选修课正确答案:elective/optional course 涉及知识点:汉译英9.基础课正确答案:basic course 涉及知识点:汉译英10.专业课正确答案:specialized course 涉及知识点:汉译英11.课程表正确答案:school schedule 涉及知识点:汉译英12.研究小组;讨论会正确答案:seminar 涉及知识点:汉译英13.教学大纲正确答案:teaching program;syllabus 涉及知识点:汉译英14.学习年限正确答案:period of schooling 涉及知识点:汉译英15.学历正确答案:record of formal schooling 涉及知识点:汉译英16.学年正确答案:school/academic year 涉及知识点:汉译英17.学期正确答案:(school)term;semester 涉及知识点:汉译英18.学分正确答案:credit 涉及知识点:汉译英19.两院院士正确答案:academicians of the Chinese Academyof Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineer-ing 涉及知识点:汉译英20.启发式教学正确答案:heuristic education 涉及知识点:汉译英21.人才交流正确答案:talents exchange 涉及知识点:汉译英22.人才战正确答案:competition for talented people 涉及知识点:汉译英23.商务英语证书正确答案:Business English Certificate(BEC) 涉及知识点:汉译英24.设计学院正确答案:academy of design 涉及知识点:汉译英25.体育学院正确答案:institute of physical culture 涉及知识点:汉译英26.适龄儿童入学率正确答案:enrolment rate for children ofschool age 涉及知识点:汉译英27.授予某人学位正确答案:confer a degree on/to sb./for sth.涉及知识点:汉译英28.升学率正确答案:proportion of students entering schools ofa higher grade 涉及知识点:汉译英29.(国家)助学金正确答案:(state)stipend/subsidy/financial aid 涉及知识点:汉译英30.硕博连读正确答案:a continuous academic proj ect that involves postgraduate and doctoral study 涉及知识点:汉译英31.素质教育正确答案:quality—oriented education 涉及知识点:汉译英32.填鸭式教育正确答案:cramming method of teaching 涉及知识点:汉译英33.同声传译正确答案:simultaneous interpretation 涉及知识点:汉译英34.脱产进修正确答案:block release 涉及知识点:汉译英35.短训班正确答案:short-term training course 涉及知识点:汉译英36.师生员工正确答案:faculty,students and staff 涉及知识点:汉译英37.教学人员正确答案:the faculty;teaching staff 涉及知识点:汉译英38.中小学校长正确答案:headmaster/headmistress;principal 涉及知识点:汉译英39.大专院校校长正确答案:(美)president;(英)chancellor;vice-chancellor 涉及知识点:汉译英40.教务长,(系)主任正确答案:dean 涉及知识点:汉译英41.希望工程正确答案:Hope Project 涉及知识点:汉译英42.小组讨论正确答案:group discussions 涉及知识点:汉译英43.校训正确答案:school motto 涉及知识点:汉译英44.校友正确答案:alumnus(男);alumna(女)[pl.alumni;alumnae] 涉及知识点:汉译英45.学生会正确答案:students’union/association 涉及知识点:汉译英46.走读生正确答案:extern;non—resident student 涉及知识点:汉译英47.住宿生正确答案:boarder 涉及知识点:汉译英48.旁听生正确答案:auditor 涉及知识点:汉译英49.研究生正确答案:graduate student;post—graduate(student) 涉及知识点:汉译英50.应届毕业生正确答案:graduating student;current year’s graduate 涉及知识点:汉译英。
英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷26(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷26(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 2. 英汉互译英汉互译汉译英1.中国与西方国家的合作是互利的。
中国经济的发展,不仅改善了本国人民的生活,也为世界经济的增长提供了新的推动力,为发达国家提供了更多的商业机会。
中国是一个潜力巨大的新兴市场,西方国家技术先进,资金雄厚,两者经济上具有很强的互补性。
西方一些国家对华采取歧视性的贸易政策,不仅损人,最终也会损害自己的利益。
正确答案:Such co-operation between China and the Western countries is a mutually beneficial one. Economic growth in China has not only improved the living standards of its own people, but also provided a fresh driving force to world economic growth, together with greater business opportunities for developed countries. China is a newly emerging market with enormous potential, while the Western countries boast advanced technology and abundant capital. The two sides are highly complementary economically. The discriminatory trade policies against China adopted by some Western countries, while harming others, will in the end undermine their own interests. 涉及知识点:汉译英2.消费信贷尽管“消费信贷”概念在美国等发达国家家喻户晓,但对中国的消费者来说还是件新鲜事。
初一英语基础翻译练习题20题(答案解析)
初一英语基础翻译练习题20题(答案解析)1.I am a student.我是一名学生。
答案解析:重点词汇是“student”学生。
这是一个简单的主系表结构的句子,“I”我是主语,“am”是系动词,“a student”一名学生是表语。
2.She is a teacher.她是一名老师。
答案解析:重点词汇“teacher”老师。
同样是主系表结构,“She”她是主语,“is”是系动词,“a teacher”一名老师是表语。
3.We are friends.我们是朋友。
答案解析:重点词汇“friends”朋友。
主系表结构,“We”我们是主语,“are”是系动词,“friends”朋友是表语。
4.He is tall.他很高。
答案解析:重点词汇“tall”高的。
主系表结构,“He”他是主语,“is”是系动词,“tall”高的是表语。
5.They are happy.他们很开心。
答案解析:重点词汇“happy”开心的。
主系表结构,“They”他们是主语,“are”是系动词,“happy”开心的是表语。
6.I have a book.我有一本书。
答案解析:重点词汇“have”有,“book”书。
这是一个主谓宾结构的句子,“I”我是主语,“have”有是谓语,“a book”一本书是宾语。
7.She has a pen.她有一支钢笔。
答案解析:重点词汇“has”有,“pen”钢笔。
主谓宾结构,“She”她是主语,“has”有是谓语,“a pen”一支钢笔是宾语。
8.We have rulers.我们有尺子。
答案解析:重点词汇“have”有,“rulers”尺子。
主谓宾结构,“We”我们是主语,“have”有是谓语,“rulers”尺子是宾语。
9.He has a bag.他有一个包。
答案解析:重点词汇“has”有,“bag”包。
主谓宾结构,“He”他是主语,“has”有是谓语,“a bag”一个包是宾语。
10.They have pencils.他们有铅笔。
英语翻译基础(词语翻译)模拟试卷64(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础(词语翻译)模拟试卷64(题后含答案及解析)题型有:1. 词语翻译词语翻译汉译英1.艰苦创业的精神正确答案:the hardworking and enterprising spirit 涉及知识点:词语翻译2.进口渗透正确答案:import penetration 涉及知识点:词语翻译3.建立促进经济社会可持续发展的机制正确答案:establish a mechanism to promote sustainable social and economic development 涉及知识点:词语翻译4.节能降耗减排正确答案:to save energy,lower energy consumption and reduce pollutants discharge 涉及知识点:词语翻译5.紧密型企业集团正确答案:tightly—knit groups of enterprises 涉及知识点:词语翻译6.加强和改进党的建设正确答案:strengthen and improve Party building 涉及知识点:词语翻译7.加强精神文明正确答案:to promote socialist cultural and ideological progress 涉及知识点:词语翻译8.加强舆论监督正确答案:ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion 涉及知识点:词语翻译9.减轻农民负担正确答案:lighten the burden on the peasants(farmers) 涉及知识点:词语翻译10.技术改造项目正确答案:technological transformation project 涉及知识点:词语翻译11.技术更新/改造正确答案:technological updating/renovation 涉及知识点:词语翻译12.技术/劳动/资本/知识密集型产业正确答案:technology—intensive/labor—intensive/capital—intensive/knowledge—intensive industries 涉及知识点:词语翻译13.技术下乡正确答案:spread technological knowledge to farmers 涉及知识点:词语翻译14.集体领导正确答案:collective leadership 涉及知识点:词语翻译15.集中精力把经济建设搞上去正确答案:go all out for economic development 涉及知识点:词语翻译16.家庭联产承包责任制正确答案:the household contract responsibility system 涉及知识点:词语翻译17.建设性战略伙伴关系正确答案:a constructive strategic partnership 涉及知识点:词语翻译18.建设有中国特色的社会主义事业正确答案:the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics 涉及知识点:词语翻译19.纠正行业不正之风正确答案:rectify malpractice in various trades 涉及知识点:词语翻译20.开标正确答案:bid opening 涉及知识点:词语翻译21.开除公职正确答案:discharge somebody from public employment;take the name off the book;be dischargedfrom office 涉及知识点:词语翻译22.开发式扶贫正确答案:poverty reduction through development projects;development—oriented poveay relief 涉及知识点:词语翻译23.开放边境正确答案:open the border 涉及知识点:词语翻译24.开放带动战略正确答案:strategy spearheaded by opening—up 涉及知识点:词语翻译25.开拓进取正确答案:to work hard with a pioneering spirit 涉及知识点:词语翻译。
英语翻译基础(词语翻译)模拟试卷102(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础(词语翻译)模拟试卷102(题后含答案及解析)题型有:1.1.参政议政正确答案:participation in and deliberation of state affairs 涉及知识点:词语翻译2.法制化管理正确答案:law—based control 涉及知识点:词语翻译3.扩大/缩小地区发展差距正确答案:widen/narrow the gap/disparity between regions/localities in termsof development 涉及知识点:词语翻译4.拜金主义正确答案:money worship 涉及知识点:词语翻译5.白领工人正确答案:white—collar worker 涉及知识点:词语翻译6.翻老帐正确答案:bring up old scores again 涉及知识点:词语翻译7.爱国统一战线正确答案:patriotic united front 涉及知识点:汉译英8.待岗正确答案:await job assignment,post-waiting 涉及知识点:汉译英9.黄金时段正确答案:prime time 涉及知识点:汉译英10.回收流动性正确答案:soak up liquidity 涉及知识点:汉译英11.经济过热正确答案:overheated economy 涉及知识点:汉译英12.触类旁通正确答案:comprehend by analogy 涉及知识点:词语翻译13.文教事业正确答案:cultural and educational undertakings 涉及知识点:汉译英14.新闻发布会正确答案:news briefing 涉及知识点:汉译英15.学习型社会正确答案:learning society 涉及知识点:汉译英16.因材施教正确答案:teach students according to their aptitude 涉及知识点:词语翻译17.实事求是正确答案:pursue a realistic and pragmatic ap—proach 涉及知识点:汉译英18.和平共处五项基本原则正确答案:the Five Principles ofPeaceful Coexistence 涉及知识点:汉译英19.互相尊重和主权领土完整正确答案:mutual respect forsovereignty,territorial integrity 涉及知识点:汉译英20.三边的正确答案:trilateral 涉及知识点:汉译英21.增强忧患意识正确答案:be mindful of potential danger 涉及知识点:汉译英22.彩塑正确答案:painted sculpture 涉及知识点:汉译英23.公历正确答案:gregorian calendar 涉及知识点:汉译英24.舞狮正确答案:lion dance 涉及知识点:汉译英25.四书正确答案:the Four Books 涉及知识点:汉译英26.(音乐)速度,拍子;发展速度正确答案:tempo 涉及知识点:汉译英27.中国古代哲学家正确答案:Ancient Chinese Philosophers 涉及知识点:汉译英28.优势;前沿;极其重要的状态或位置正确答案:cutting—edge 涉及知识点:汉译英29.微电路正确答案:microcircuit 涉及知识点:汉译英30.必修课正确答案:required/compulsory course 涉及知识点:汉译英31.学分正确答案:credit 涉及知识点:汉译英32.研究生正确答案:graduate student;post—graduate(student) 涉及知识点:汉译英33.学士学位正确答案:bachelor’s degree 涉及知识点:汉译英34.故弄玄虚的言词,欺人之谈正确答案:doublespeak 涉及知识点:汉译英35.人质正确答案:hostage 涉及知识点:汉译英36.外伤性神经失调症(由于战伤、恐怖等原因所引起的)正确答案:post—traumatic stress disorder 涉及知识点:汉译英37.网络恐怖主义正确答案:cyberterrorism 涉及知识点:汉译英38.法庭传译正确答案:court interpreting 涉及知识点:汉译英39.不确定性正确答案:indeterminacy 涉及知识点:汉译英40.关于时域的翻译理论正确答案:time-restricted theoriesof translation 涉及知识点:汉译英。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
《英语翻译基础》样题参考答案
2009-12-08 16:17 来源:评论:0点击:1270
I. Directions: Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively. There are altogether 30 items in this part of the test, 15 in English and 15 in Chinese, with one point for each. (30’)
1. 亚太经贸合作组织
2. 东南亚国家联盟
3. 首席财务官
4. 消费价格指数
5. 邮政特快专递
6. 联邦调查局
7. 全球定位系统
8. 首次公开募股
9. 北大西洋公约组织
10. 国际货币基金组织
11. 最惠国
12. 知识产权
13. 注册会计师
14. 欧洲自由贸易联盟
15. 国际原子能机构
16. mortgage loan
17. health-care food
18. the bonded zone
19. bad (harmful) practice; unhealthy tendency
20. (passenger) transport during the Spring Festival
21. tertiary industry; service sector
22. a state with an adequate legal system
23. international common practice
24. cash on delivery
25. enterprises running in the red/under deficit
26. downsizing for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency
27. conglomeration and merger of enterprises
28. retain the job but suspend the salary
29. special drawing rights (SDR; SDRs)
30. market access
II. Directions: Translate the following two source texts into their target language respectively. If the source text is in English, its target language is Chinese. If the source text is in Chinese, its target language is English (120’).
英译汉:
一位内科医生每次给新病人看病时脑子里就会响起一个刺耳的声音:我要是诊断错了该怎么办?我是个蹩脚的医生。
当初我是怎么混进医学院的?一位高管失业了,虽然此前有过25年的辉煌职业生涯,他还是不断地告诉自己:我是个失败者。
我没法赡养家人,以后也都不能够了。
如果这些真实的事例对你来说非常地熟悉,那么你的头脑里可能也有那么一个严厉的声音在回荡。
心理学家称,很多病人都备受苛刻的自我怀疑的折磨──包括一些非常成功的人士,他们认为这正是自己成功的秘诀。
自我怀疑的确能在清晨把你从床上唤起,敦促你快马加鞭地干活,尽快去完成手头那本书、那支曲子或是那项发明。
不过对于成功的渴求也许会为严苛的评判及无休止的恐惧所阻挠。
无休止的自我批评通常会带来焦虑,甚至会导致抑郁症。
自我批评也会导致进食失调、身体机能紊乱,即总是想象自己的身体有缺陷。
很多人在幼年时期便有了自我怀疑的倾向,之后这个声音便常伴他们左右,成了他们性格的一个部分。
心理学家称,儿童,尤其是那些先天易患抑郁症的儿童,可能会内化并夸大父母、同辈或社会对自己的期望。
有一个说法认为,自我批评其实就是冲自身发泄怒气,这类人内心充满了敌对情绪,但是太过忧虑、太没有安全感,不敢把这种情绪发泄出来。
还有一些说法则认为,那些责备自己的人是在表达自己的负罪感或羞辱感,或者是下意识里保护自己免遭他人的责备:你不能再来责备我了,我自己已经责备过自己了,用的词比你还要严厉呢。
各种认知行为疗法有助于改变给人带来痛苦的思维模式。
经常有一些医生、律师类的病人,他们相信如果他们对自己没有那么苛刻,就不会有现在的成功。
心理学家的部分工作内容就是打破那种成见,并告诉他们——很多时候他们是因为突破自责获得了成功,而并不是因为自责而成功的。
汉译英:
Agriculture is the centerpiece of the Doha Round negotiations. Although both developed and developing countries are faced with pressures, the nature of their difficulties is very different. Of the 2.6 billion farming population in the world, 2.5 billion reside in the developing countries, and the majority of them are living below poverty lines. Even if some developing countries were willing to embark on the road of trade liberalization, they would have to take into account the basic livelihood of millions or even billions of their farmers. To expose those poor farmers to further external shocks could trigger disastrous consequences. Should such scenario occur, the lifestyle of the rich countries would be endangered, too. It is therefore sensible to
offer duty-free, quota-free treatment to products from the least developed countries immediately. Developing countries should also be entitled to the concepts of “Special Products” and “Special Safeguard Mechanism”.
In the process of promoting world trade liberalization, it is crucial to bear in mind the interests of the majority and to enable them to adapt to the pace of progress. Hence the necessity of providing special and differential treatment to all developing countries. It is advisable to reach consensus during the Hong Kong conference on issues like cotton and others, so that there could be some “Early Harvest” for developing countries. Such visible and tangible benefits could boost the confidence of most members in the ongoing Doha Round negotiations.。