the inversion(倒装句)
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The Inversion
1. 完全倒装与部分倒装 e.g. Here comes the bus. 倒装部分 + 谓语 + 主语 Little did he know who the woman was. 倒装部分 + 助动词 + 主语 + 谓语
完全倒装
Type I So, Nor, Neither
部分倒装
Type IV So, such等表程度的副词提前 Type V 用于让步状语从句或原因状语从句 Type VI 省略if的虚拟条件状语从句
So, such等表程度的副词提前
e.g. 他们问了我那么多的问题以至于我被搞糊涂了。 did they ask me that I got So many question ___________________________ confused. ________________________. 他养了那么凶猛的一条狗以至于我们都不敢靠近。 does he have that we dare not Such a fierce dog ___________________________ approach. ____________________.
Type III 三种表示强调的句子
强调结构：
e.g. Not until the teacher came in did he begin to do his homework. It is / was … that …
It was not until the teacher came in that he began to do his homework.
Type III 三种表示强调的句子
e.g. 我一回到家，天就开始下雨了。 Hardly had I returned home when it began to rain. No sooner had I returned home than it began to rain. 她一听到父亲去世的消息就放声大哭。 Hardly had she heard the news that her father died when she burst out crying. No sooner … than …
Type III 三种表示强调的句子
1. 表示“一…就…” Hardly ＋ 倒装句式 ＋ when ＋ 陈述句式 Barely [P.P] [S.P] Scarcely No sooner than
e.g. 他刚到火车站，火车就开始启动了。 had he arrived at the station Hardly ____________________________ when ____________________. the train began to leave
3. 表示地点的介词短语位于句首 e.g. 山谷里坐落着一些小村庄。 In the valley ___________________________. lie some small villages 树下坐着一个正在看书的小孩。 sits a child who is reading a Under the tree __________________________ book ______________________________________.
Type III Predicative
1. 表语为介词短语 e.g. 这些圣诞礼物中包括CD, 书，以及电脑游戏。 _________________________________ CDs, Among the Christmas presents are books and video games.
用于让步状语从句或原因状语从句
e.g. 尽管他是个孩子，他非常勇敢。 Although he is a child, he is courageous. Child as/though he is, 尽管她很累，但她还是继续学习。 Tired as she was, she went on to study. 尽管他学习很努力，他仍然没有通过考试。 Hard as he studied, he couldn’t pass the exam.
Exercise:
4. ____ snacks and drinks, but they also B brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest. A. Not only they brought B. Not only did they bring C. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring
Type III 三种表示强调的句子
3. 表示 “直到…才…” Not until + 时间状语【陈述句式】 + 倒装句式 e.g. 直到昨天我才直到什么是快乐。 Not until yesterday ______________________ did I realize what happiness ________________. was 直到老师进来他才开始做作业。 the teacher came in did he begin to Not until ______________________________ do the homework _________________________.
Exercise:
5. Never before ____ in greater need of A modern public transport than it is today. A. has this city been B. this city has been C. was this city D. this city was
Exercise:
3. Only when your identity has been checked, ____. D A. you are allowed in B. you will be allowed in C. will you allow in D. will you be allowed in
Type II 否定词位于句首
否定词：hardly, scarcely, seຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidudom, never, barely, rarely little, in no time, in no way, in no case, by no means, no longer, etc. e.g. 我再也不会说谎了。 Never __________________________________. shall I tell a lie 他几乎不知道警察在跟踪他。 Hardly did he know that the police were after him __________________________________.
Exercise:
Type II Adverbial of place and time
2. 方位副词位于句首 in , out , up , down , away , off , back , etc e.g. 孩子们出去了。 Out ________________________________. went the children 小鸟从树上飞了下来。 Down flew the bird from the tree ______________________________.
Exercise:
1. The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once ____ with each other. C A. they had quarreled B. they have quarreled C. have they quarreled D. had they quarreled
Type III Predicative
2. 表语为形容词或分词 e.g. 缺席会议的有怀特先生。 Absent from the meeting _____________________ was Mr. White. 站在桌子边上的是一个翻译。 Standing beside the table _______________________ was an interpreter. 我们在一起玩耍的日子过去了。 Gone are the days when we played together.
Exercise:
2. So difficult ____ it to live in an EnglishD speaking country that I determined to learn English well. A. I have felt C. I did feel B. have I felt D. did I feel
Type II Adverbial of place and time Type III Predicative Type IV Quotation
Type II Adverbial of place and time
1. 地点副词或时间副词位于句首： e.g. 这是我对你的问题的答复。 Here _________________________________. are my replies to your questions 那时来了一个70多岁的老人。 came an old man over 70 years old Then _________________________________.
Tip for Type II
e.g. Then came the old man. he Then he came. 我们爬上了山顶。 Up we climbed to the top of the mountain. 【代词作主语时，主谓语序不变。】
Type II Adverbial of place and time
Type III 三种表示强调的句子
2. 表示 “不但…而且” Not only + 倒装句式 + but (also) + 陈述句式 e.g. 他不仅英语说得很棒，也会说法语。 can he speak fluent English Not only __________________________ but _____________________. he can speak French 我不仅认识她，还是她最好的朋友。 Not only did I know her, but I was her best friend.
部分倒装
Type I
Only开头的句子
Type II 否定词位于句首 Type III 三种表示强调的句子
Type I Only开头的句子
e.g. 只有通过努力工作我们才能成功。 by working hard can we succeed. Only ___________________________________. 只有用这方法你才能解决这个问题。 Only ___________________________________. in this way can you solve the problem 只有他告诉了我之后我才意识到问题多严重。 after he told me did I realize how serious Only ___________________________________ ___________________________________. the problem was.
1. 完全倒装与部分倒装 e.g. Here comes the bus. 倒装部分 + 谓语 + 主语 Little did he know who the woman was. 倒装部分 + 助动词 + 主语 + 谓语
完全倒装
Type I So, Nor, Neither
部分倒装
Type IV So, such等表程度的副词提前 Type V 用于让步状语从句或原因状语从句 Type VI 省略if的虚拟条件状语从句
So, such等表程度的副词提前
e.g. 他们问了我那么多的问题以至于我被搞糊涂了。 did they ask me that I got So many question ___________________________ confused. ________________________. 他养了那么凶猛的一条狗以至于我们都不敢靠近。 does he have that we dare not Such a fierce dog ___________________________ approach. ____________________.
Type III 三种表示强调的句子
强调结构：
e.g. Not until the teacher came in did he begin to do his homework. It is / was … that …
It was not until the teacher came in that he began to do his homework.
Type III 三种表示强调的句子
e.g. 我一回到家，天就开始下雨了。 Hardly had I returned home when it began to rain. No sooner had I returned home than it began to rain. 她一听到父亲去世的消息就放声大哭。 Hardly had she heard the news that her father died when she burst out crying. No sooner … than …
Type III 三种表示强调的句子
1. 表示“一…就…” Hardly ＋ 倒装句式 ＋ when ＋ 陈述句式 Barely [P.P] [S.P] Scarcely No sooner than
e.g. 他刚到火车站，火车就开始启动了。 had he arrived at the station Hardly ____________________________ when ____________________. the train began to leave
3. 表示地点的介词短语位于句首 e.g. 山谷里坐落着一些小村庄。 In the valley ___________________________. lie some small villages 树下坐着一个正在看书的小孩。 sits a child who is reading a Under the tree __________________________ book ______________________________________.
Type III Predicative
1. 表语为介词短语 e.g. 这些圣诞礼物中包括CD, 书，以及电脑游戏。 _________________________________ CDs, Among the Christmas presents are books and video games.
用于让步状语从句或原因状语从句
e.g. 尽管他是个孩子，他非常勇敢。 Although he is a child, he is courageous. Child as/though he is, 尽管她很累，但她还是继续学习。 Tired as she was, she went on to study. 尽管他学习很努力，他仍然没有通过考试。 Hard as he studied, he couldn’t pass the exam.
Exercise:
4. ____ snacks and drinks, but they also B brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest. A. Not only they brought B. Not only did they bring C. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring
Type III 三种表示强调的句子
3. 表示 “直到…才…” Not until + 时间状语【陈述句式】 + 倒装句式 e.g. 直到昨天我才直到什么是快乐。 Not until yesterday ______________________ did I realize what happiness ________________. was 直到老师进来他才开始做作业。 the teacher came in did he begin to Not until ______________________________ do the homework _________________________.
Exercise:
5. Never before ____ in greater need of A modern public transport than it is today. A. has this city been B. this city has been C. was this city D. this city was
Exercise:
3. Only when your identity has been checked, ____. D A. you are allowed in B. you will be allowed in C. will you allow in D. will you be allowed in
Type II 否定词位于句首
否定词：hardly, scarcely, seຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidudom, never, barely, rarely little, in no time, in no way, in no case, by no means, no longer, etc. e.g. 我再也不会说谎了。 Never __________________________________. shall I tell a lie 他几乎不知道警察在跟踪他。 Hardly did he know that the police were after him __________________________________.
Exercise:
Type II Adverbial of place and time
2. 方位副词位于句首 in , out , up , down , away , off , back , etc e.g. 孩子们出去了。 Out ________________________________. went the children 小鸟从树上飞了下来。 Down flew the bird from the tree ______________________________.
Exercise:
1. The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once ____ with each other. C A. they had quarreled B. they have quarreled C. have they quarreled D. had they quarreled
Type III Predicative
2. 表语为形容词或分词 e.g. 缺席会议的有怀特先生。 Absent from the meeting _____________________ was Mr. White. 站在桌子边上的是一个翻译。 Standing beside the table _______________________ was an interpreter. 我们在一起玩耍的日子过去了。 Gone are the days when we played together.
Exercise:
2. So difficult ____ it to live in an EnglishD speaking country that I determined to learn English well. A. I have felt C. I did feel B. have I felt D. did I feel
Type II Adverbial of place and time Type III Predicative Type IV Quotation
Type II Adverbial of place and time
1. 地点副词或时间副词位于句首： e.g. 这是我对你的问题的答复。 Here _________________________________. are my replies to your questions 那时来了一个70多岁的老人。 came an old man over 70 years old Then _________________________________.
Tip for Type II
e.g. Then came the old man. he Then he came. 我们爬上了山顶。 Up we climbed to the top of the mountain. 【代词作主语时，主谓语序不变。】
Type II Adverbial of place and time
Type III 三种表示强调的句子
2. 表示 “不但…而且” Not only + 倒装句式 + but (also) + 陈述句式 e.g. 他不仅英语说得很棒，也会说法语。 can he speak fluent English Not only __________________________ but _____________________. he can speak French 我不仅认识她，还是她最好的朋友。 Not only did I know her, but I was her best friend.
部分倒装
Type I
Only开头的句子
Type II 否定词位于句首 Type III 三种表示强调的句子
Type I Only开头的句子
e.g. 只有通过努力工作我们才能成功。 by working hard can we succeed. Only ___________________________________. 只有用这方法你才能解决这个问题。 Only ___________________________________. in this way can you solve the problem 只有他告诉了我之后我才意识到问题多严重。 after he told me did I realize how serious Only ___________________________________ ___________________________________. the problem was.