中考英语必考动词的分类及辨析
中考英语专题复习:动词考点讲解
中考专题复习:动词考点讲解动词的分类一、中考要求:中考近年主要考查连系动词be,feel,look,taste,smell等用法;及物动词和不及物动词的用法;助动词do/does/did和have/has的用法;情态动词的用法。
二、知识要点:1. 连系动词连系动词也称为系动词,用于连接主语和表语,表示主语身份、性质、状态。
连系动词有一定词义,但不完整,不能单独做谓语,必须和表语连用,构成系表结构。
例如:You are a teacher, but not a good one. 你是一个老师,但不是好老师。
We feel very happy when we know it. 当我们知道这个的时候,我们都非常高兴。
英语经常用到的连系动词有:(1) 状态连系动词:表示主语的状态、性质、身份。
常用的有be。
My father is very strong. 我的爸爸非常强壮。
(2) 持续连系动词:表示继续或保持一种状态或情况。
常用的有:stay 〔保持〕,remain 〔保持〕,continue 〔继续〕等。
(3) 表象连系动词:用来表示“看起来”的这一概念的词。
常见的有appear〔看起来〕,seem〔看似〕,look〔看起来〕。
Your mother looks much younger than I thought. 你妈妈比我想象得年轻多了。
(4) 感官连系动词:常用的有feel〔摸起来),taste〔尝起来),smell〔闻起来),sound〔听起来〕look〔看起来)。
The milk tastes a little sour. 这牛奶品尝起来有点酸。
(5) 转变或结果连系动词:become〔变为),get〔成为),grow〔长得),turn〔变得),go〔变得)等。
Our village is becoming more and more beautiful. 我们的村庄正在变得越来越漂亮。
中考动词知识点总结
中考动词知识点总结一、动词的分类1.情态动词情态动词是用来表示说话人的情感色彩或者表示说话人对某种行为的看法的动词。
常见的情态动词有can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would等。
情态动词后面跟动词原形,表示主语的能力、许可、可能性、必要性、义务或意向等。
2. 动词的时态动词的时态是表示动作发生的时间的形式。
英语动词的时态有现在时、过去时和将来时,每种时态又可分为简单时、进行时和完成时。
掌握动词的时态对于正确理解英语句子的意思十分重要。
3. 及物动词和不及物动词及物动词是指后面需要接宾语的动词,而不及物动词则是指不需要接宾语的动词。
在中考中,考生需要对及物动词和不及物动词进行正确的使用和区分。
4. 动词的语态动词的语态分为主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,而被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。
中考中通常会考查考生对动词语态的正确理解和使用。
5. 不规则动词不规则动词是指在构成其过去分词和过去式时不遵循规则变化的动词。
在中考中,学生需要掌握常见的不规则动词的过去分词和过去式形式,以便正确使用这些动词。
二、动词的用法1. 动词的疑问句在英语的疑问句中,动词需要移至句首才能构成疑问句。
动词在疑问句中的变化和构成方式是中考中的重点考点之一。
2. 动词的否定句在英语的否定句中,需要在动词前加上助动词not来构成否定句。
在中考中,学生需要掌握动词否定句的构成方式,并在实际应用中正确使用。
3. 动词的不定式不定式是动词的一种特殊形式,它可以有自己的主语和宾语,并且可以放在句子的任何位置。
中考会考查学生对不定式的正确使用和理解。
4. 动词的动名词动名词是由动词加上-ing构成的名词形式,它可以充当名词使用。
在中考中,学生需要掌握动名词的构成方式和用法,以便正确使用动名词。
5. 动词的情态动词和助动词情态动词和助动词在句子中的作用是不同的,学生需要掌握情态动词和助动词的用法和区别。
重难点08 动词和动词短语-2023年中考英语【热点重点难点】专练(全国通用)(解析版)
专项一词汇重难点08动词和动词短语1.实义动词1.1.常考动词的用法辨析(1)look,see,watch,read的区别:(3)borrow,lend,keep的区别:1.2.及物动词和不及物动词(1)及物动词:可接单宾语、双宾语和复合宾语结构。
When someone gives me money, I feel they don't think at all.give后接双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语)当有人给我钱时,我感觉他们根本就没有思考。
We elected him monitor of our class.elect后接复合宾语(宾语+宾补)我们选他当我们班的班长。
(2)不及物动词:不及物动词后面一般不可以直接接宾语,但有时不及物动词和介词或副词一起使用,构成动词短语,此时其后可以接宾语。
What will happen without electricity?没有电,会发生什么?I'm waiting for the bus.我正在等公交车。
1.3.延续性动词和非延续性动词(1)延续性动词表示一种可持续的行为过程或状态,可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。
而非延续性动词表示行为或过程在短暂瞬间内完成,不可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。
The film has been on for ten minutes.电影已经开始10分钟了。
The film began ten minutes ago.电影10分钟之前就开始了。
(2)延续性动词和非延续性动词的转换:连系动词指连接主语和表语的动词,主要用来说明主语的身份、性质、特征或状态。
连系动词只有主动形式。
2.助动词助动词本身没有词义或意义不完整,不能单独作谓语,只能和实义动词一起构成谓语,表示时态、语态、语气等,帮助构成否定、疑问、强调或省略等。
3.1.助动词be的用法be用作助动词和用作连系动词一样,有人称、数和时态的变化,主要用来构成进行时态和被动语态。
(完整版)中考英语知识点梳理:动词讲解(可编辑修改word版)
中考英语知识点梳理:动词讲解考点一: 动词的分类动词按照含义及它们在句中的作用分为四类,即行为动词,也称实义动词,(连)系动词、助动词和情态动词。
一、动词的分类1.实义动词的用法(及物动词与不及物动词)实义动词是能独立作谓语的动词。
按其是否跟宾语分为及物动词(vt.)和不及物动词(vi.)。
(1)及物动词及物动词本身意义不完整,需要接宾语才能使其意思表达完整,如reach,ask,return,love,need。
具体用法为:①动词+宾语。
如:He reached Canada yesterday.他昨天到达加拿大。
②动词+宾语+宾语补足语。
如:They asked me to go fishing with them.他们让我一起去钓鱼。
I saw the children play in the park yesterday.昨天我看见孩子们在公园里玩。
注意:带省略 to 的不定式或现在分词作宾补的常考动词有:make,let,have,see,watch,notice,hear 等。
③动词+间接宾语+直接宾语。
如:I will return the storybook to him.我准备把故事书还给他。
注意:带双宾语的常考动词有:give,bring,buy,get,leave,lend,make,offer,pass,teach,tell,r each,return 等。
(2)不及物动词不及物动词本身意思完整,无须接宾语,构成“主语+谓语”的句型,如swim,come,go,run,travel 等;若后面接宾语,必须与介词连用。
如:Lucy is swimming. 露西正在游泳。
I am waiting for you at the school gate.我正在校门口等你。
(3)有些动词既可作及物动词,又可作不及物动词。
如:We study English.我们学习英语。
(及物)We study hard.我们学习努力。
初中英语2025届中考动词考点分类讲解练习(实义动词+系动词+助动词+情态动词)
中考英语动词考点分类讲解练习动词是表示动作或状态的词。
动词在句子中充当谓语,用来说明主语是什么或做什么。
一、实义动词实义动词按照其后是否能跟宾语可分为及物动词和不及物动词。
1.及物动词及物动词就是后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的动词。
如love,need,want,have,teach,make等。
I love my mother.我爱我的母亲。
2.不及物动词(1)不及物动词本身意义完整,其后不必跟宾语。
如come,go,run,travel,listen,swim,live,work等。
The man works hard.这个人工作努力。
(2)如果需要带宾语,则不及物动词需要跟适当的介词连用。
Look at the blackboard.看黑板。
3.短语动词l 动词+介词look after照看look for寻找l 动词+副词put up 建立;举起turn on打开l 动词+副词+介词catch up with 赶上do away with 废除l 动词+名词+介词take care of照料;照顾pay attention to注意make use of利用l 动词+名词lose heart失去信心take place 发生【提醒】“动词+副词”形式的短语动词可用作及物或不及物动词。
如果作及物动词,若宾语是名词,可以放在副词之后,也可以放在动词与副词之间。
如果宾语是代词,则必须放在动词与副词之间。
【即学即练】1.—What’s wrong with Simon? He isn’t at school today.—His legs hurt. He was by a motorcycle this morning.A.treatedB.hitC.operatedD.cured2.While traveling in a strange place, you’d better the local people and follow their customs(习俗).A.watchB.changeC.controlD.teach1答案:B2答案:A二、系动词系动词不能单独作谓语,必须与表语一起构成谓语。
中考英语语法复习动词分类
九年级 动词Verb在英语中,动词变化形式最多,考题最灵活,所占分值也最大,约占整个卷面的15%左右。
近年来中考的考查重点主要集中在系动词,助动词,动词短语及易混词辨析上。
关于动词的题型也很多变,如完形填空和语法填空、短文填空等。
表示动作或状态的词是动词。
一、动词的基本形式(了解即可) 1、动词原形定义:动词最基本的形式,没有任何变化。
运用:①放在情态动词之后;②放在助动词do, does, did, will, shall 等之后;③放在使役动词 let, make, have 之后作宾语补足语; ④放在to 后面构成动词不定式; ⑤放在祈使句句首; ⑥一般现在时非三单时; 2、动词三单变化规则:①一般情况下只在动词后面加s;②以s, x, sh, ch 结尾的动词,后加es;③以辅音字母加y 结尾的动词,改y 为i ,加es; ④不规则变化:havehas, beis/are/am, gogoes...运用:在一般现在时中,当句子主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。
3、动词过去式变化规则:①一般情况下只在动词后面加ed;②以不发音的e 结尾的,加d;③以辅音字母加y 结尾的动词,改y 为i ,加ed;④以“一个元音字母和一个辅音字母”结尾的重读闭音节动词,先双写末尾一个字母,再加ed;动词原形过去分词⑤不规则变化:havehad, bewas/were, gowent...运用:在一般过去时中,动词原形要改为过去式4、现在分词变化规则:①一般情况下只在动词后面加ing②以不发音的e结尾的,先去掉e,再加ing;③以“一个元音字母和一个辅音字母”结尾的重读闭音节动词,先双写末尾一个字母,再加ing;④以ie结尾的名词,一般将ie改为y,再加ing. 如lie, tie, die运用:现在分词与be动词构成进行时态,现在进行时或过去进行时。
5、过去分词变化规则:过去分词规则变化与过去式相同,动词不规则变化需查不规则变化动词表。
【中考英语、英语语法】【人教版】中考英语动词及动词短语考点剖析
中考英语:动词及动词短语考点一常见易混动词辨析1.spend/pay/cost/take表示“花费”spend主语是人,指花费时间和金钱。
spend... on...; spend... (in) doing sth.pay主语是人,指花费金钱。
pay... for...=spend... oncost主语是物或某种活动,指花费金钱或其他代价。
sth. cost(s) (sb.)...多用it作形式主语,指花费时间。
It takes sb. ... to do sth.=Sb. spend(s)... (in) doin takesth.Mom never spends any money on herself.妈妈从来都不在自己身上花钱。
May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I’ll pay it back next week.你能借给我12块钱吗?我下周还你。
It won’t cost you a penny for the first six months.开始的六个月你不用花一分钱。
It took them three years to build this road.他们用三年时间修完了这条路。
2.look/watch/see/read 表示“看”look看(动作);可单独成句;look at...watch看(电视、比赛);注视see看见(结果);看望;理解(I see.)read看(书、报);读;读懂别人的内心★look可以表示“看上去”,是感官系动词,后接形容词。
★看病(看医生)用see a doctor表示。
3.speak/say/talk/tell表示“说”speak发言;说(某种语言)say说(内容);写有talk谈论;talk about sth.; talk to/with sb.tell告诉;讲述;tell sb. (not) to do sth.4.感官动词look/taste/sound/feel/smelllook看起来(视觉)taste尝起来(味觉)sound听起来(听觉)feel摸起来(触觉)smell闻起来(嗅觉)5.borrow/lend/keep表示“借”borrow借用;borrow sth. from sb.lend借给;lend sth. to sb.keep借用若干时间;keep... for 2 days6.hope/wish/expecthope希望;hope to to sth.; hope+that 从句wish但愿、希望;wish to do sth.; wish sb. to do sth.; wish+that 从句expect期待、期望; expect to do sth.; expect sb. to do sth.7.forget/leaveforget表示“忘记”时,forget通常不能与表示地点的副词或短语连用leave在表示“遗忘”时,通常要与表示地点的状语连用8.hear/listen/soundhear听见;hear+名词(强调听的结果)listen听;listen to+名词(强调听的过程)sound听起来; sound+形容词(强调听的效果)9.wear/put on/dress/be inwear“穿着;戴着”,强调状态,wear后可接穿戴的东西,包括眼镜、首饰等put on“穿上;戴上”,指“穿”的动作,反义词为“take off”“穿衣”,是及物动词,后接人作宾语,意为“给某人穿衣服”;dress onself“打扮;给自己穿dress衣服”be in表示状态,后接衣服,也可接表颜色的词10.reach/get/arrivereach“到达”,是及物动词(比get更正式),其后可直接接地点名词作宾语(不能用介词)get“到达”,不及物动词,之后通常接介词 toarrive“到达”,不及物动词,之后通常接介词 at (一般用于较小的地方)或 in (一般用于较大的地方)1.(2018·山东菏泽单县常青学校模拟三)—I meeting Jack today because I am still angry with him.—Come on, Mary. You are good friends.A.avoid B.expect C.enjoy2.(2018·广东普宁模拟改编)I don’t know the restaurant, but it’s to be quite a good one.A.said B.told C.spoken3.(2018·广西贵港港南二模改编)—How much money did he you yesterday?—500 yuan. I told him I would return it to him in three weeks.A.give B.borrow C.lend4.(2018·甘肃定西中考改编)—I can’t find my English textbook.—Is it possible that you it at home?A.lost B.forgot C.left5.(2018·四川泸州中考改编)It about eight minutes for the light to travel from the sun to the earth.A.costs B.spends C.takes考点二动词短语辨析常考的动词短语辨析有三种:第一种是同一动词的不同搭配;第二种是同一副词或介词与不同动词的搭配;第三种是完全不同的动词短语。
专题动词辨析2023中考英语语法复习之考点原卷版
专题动词辨析2023中考英语语法复习之考点原卷版2023中考英语语法复习之考点一网打尽专题九动词辨析目录考点1 系动词(be动词)考点2 系动词(感官动词)考点3 系动词(其他系动词)考点4(难点)使役动词(make/let/have/get)考点5 近义动词辨析(borrow/lend/keep)考点6 近义动词辨析(offer/provide)考点7 近义动词辨析(speak/say/tell/talk)考点8 近义动词辨析(take/spend/cost/pay)考点9 近义动词辨析(receive/accept)考点10 近义动词辨析(其他)考点11 动词词义辨析考点1 系动词(be动词)考点讲解精选练习1.(2021·黑龙江牡丹江)Fresh water ________ more important than anything else.A.is B.are C.was2.(2020·黑龙江)Spending time with families ________ the happiest thing.A.are B.is C.be3.(2020·黑龙江大兴安岭地)To avoid gathering (聚集), neither the students nor their head teacher __________ going to the party this evening.A.was B.are C.is4.(2021·江苏·高港实验学校二模)—I’ll drink half of the apple juice. The rest ________ for you, Sandy. —Only for us t hree? I’m afraid the rest ________ going to be unhappy.A.is; are B.are; is C.is; is D.are; are5.(2021·吉林长春)There __________ two people waiting for you outside now.A.is B.are C.was D.were6.(2021·四川遂宁)The number of the whales ________ smaller and smaller because of human activities now.A.were B.was C.is D.are7.(2020·广西崇左)Both Mike and his sister Lucy ________ good at Chinese.A.is B.am C.are D.be考点2 系动词(感官动词)考点讲解精选练习8.(2021·湖北恩施·二模)—What’s mom cooking in the kitchen?—Chicken, I guess. How nice it ________!A.looks B.smells C.tastes9.(2019·辽宁抚顺)Sometimes the smooth surface of the lake really __________like a mirror. A.sounds B.looks C.smells D.tastes10.(2020·甘肃兰州)—Mom, what are you cooking in the kitchen? It ________ delicious. —I’m preparing a hot pot dinner.A.tastes B.smells C.sounds D.feels11.(2020·山东济南)His voice ________strange on the phone. What happened?A.looked B.sounded C.tasted D.smelled12.(2020·湖北襄阳)— How does the banana milk shake ___________? —Delicious. I’d like to have another glass.A.look B.smell C.taste D.sound考点3 系动词(其他系动词)考点讲解精选练习13.It’s _____ rather cold. I shall put my coat on.A.getting B.looking C.starting D.feeling14.The green leaves and beautiful flowers______more beautiful after the rain.A.seem B.feel C.taste15.When the boy heard the words, his face ______ red.A.got B.turned C.changed考点4(难点)使役动词(make/let/have/get)精选练习16.Bert can't get the work ________ by 7:00 pm. He needs more time.A.finish B.to finish C.finished D.finishing17.(2020·黑龙江大庆)— What's next? — I'll have Tony ________ you around.A.to show B.show C.showed D.shown18.(2021·江苏无锡·九年级期中)There i s something wrong with my father’s computer. He wants to have someone ________ it and have it ________.A.check; repair B.check; repaired C.checked; repaired D.checked; repair19.(2020·上海宝山·一模)Emily’s mother felt it necessary to let her daughter________her own decision this time.A.to make B.makes C.make D.making20.(2021·上海普陀·二模)The kind doctor usually tells jokes to make his patients ________ better.A.feel B.felt C.to feel D.feeling21.(2021·福建·模拟预测)— What did she shout just now? — The traffic was so noisyand she had to made herself ________ clearly.A.hear B.to hear C.heard考点5 近义动词辨析(borrow/lend/keep)精选练习22.(2020·贵州黔东南)Sam ________ a computer from me yesterday.A.sold B.borrowed C.lent D.returned23.(2021·山东平阴·二模)—How long have you _________ these books? —For two weeks.I bought them from the biggest bookstore in our cityA.kept B.borrowed C.sold D.bought24.(2021·湖北黄石)—How long may I ________ your magazine? —For one week. But it mustn’t ________ to others.A.borrow; lend B.keep; be lent C.lend; be borrowed D.have; lend25.(2021·黑龙江·齐齐哈尔市碾子山区教师进修学校一模)— Could you ________ me your bike, Tom?— OK. And you can ________ it for a week.A.lend; keep B.borrow; lend C.lend; borrow考点6 近义动词辨析(offer/provide)精选练习26.(2020·辽宁丹东)—How's it going, Tina? —Great. My company has ________ me a good job.A.offered B.provided C.introduced D.discovered27.(2021·山东·东营市垦利区教学研究室一模)—How is your father’s life now?—Very good. A big company ________ him a good job.A.provided B.offered C.passed D.introduced28.(2020·黑龙江牡丹江)“Stall Economy”(地摊经济) has won high praise from Premier Li Keqiang because it can _______ the people with more chances to work.A.offer B.provide C.give29.(2021·江苏·淮安市黄集九年制学校一模)Zhang Guimei set up a high school to ________ free education ________ girls from poor families.A.offer; / B.offer; for C.provide; with D.provide; for考点7 近义动词辨析(speak/say/tell/talk)精选练习30.(2021·天津津南·一模)I can ________ English with you whenever we meet.A.say B.speak C.tell D.talk31.(2020·广西贵港)—Look! There is a girl under the tree. —She is Susan's daughter. She is only six years old, but she can ___________stories in English.A.say B.speak C.tell D.talk32.(2021·湖北襄州·模拟预测)Could you please ________ us a history story?A.speak B.tell C.say D.talk考点8 近义动词辨析(take/spend/cost/pay)精选练习33.(2021·甘肃·平凉市崆峒区教育科学研究所一模)Although the book________ me nearly 100 yuan, it’s really worth ________.A.took,to read B.spent, reading C.paid, to read D.cost, reading34.(2021·江苏连云港)Jim, you’d better not ________ too much time on your mobile phone. A.cost B.spend C.take D.pay35.(2021·黑龙江虎林)It ________ Zhang Guimei many years to help about 1,800 girl students in poor areas realize their college dreams.A.took B.spent C.cost考点9 近义动词辨析(receive/accept)考点讲解精选练习36.(2021·安徽砀山·一模)Everyone has bad days sometimes. But if someone tries to cheer you up, just try to ________their help.A.accept B.refuse C.receive D.answer37.(2021·四川凉山·一模)Mary ________ a camera from her fr iend, but she didn’t ________ because it was too expensive.A.received; accept B.accepted; receive C.accepted; accepted D.received; receive考点10 近义动词辨析(其他)考点讲解精选练习38.(2021·内蒙古赛罕·二模)—What did the doctor say? —He ________ me not to eat too much candy.A.suggested B.made C.stopped D.advised39.(2021·黑龙江绥化)Mum, could you help me _______ my toy car? I can’t ________ it anywhere!A.look for; find B.find; look for C.look; find out40.(2020·西藏)I often ________ magazines and my grandparents always ________ TV. A.watch: read B.read; watch C.look; watch D.see; look41.(2020·辽宁盘锦)Peter __________ first prize in the speech competition. We were proud of him.A.beat B.won C.lost D.took考点11 动词词义辨析精选练习42.(2020·湖北孝感)—Dear friends, do you still remember why you came here three years ago? —To __________ our dreams!A.copy B.save C.imagine D.achieve43.(2021·安徽休宁·二模)—Henry never gives in when facing difficulties. —So he does. We all ________ his strong spirit in life.A.expect B.admire C.remind D.share44.(2021·青海·海东市教育研究室一模)—We’ll make a trip to Hainan Island next weekend. Will you go with us? —No, I can’t ________ it at present.A.afford B.save C.offer45.(2021·浙江·模拟预测)The headmaster advises parents to ________ the parents’ meeting with their children this Friday.A.manage B.discuss C.control D.attend46.(2021·山东东营)—What a great success the film Hi, Mum has made! —That’s true. So far it has ________ tens of millions of people to go to the cinema.A.attracted B.expected C.requested D.encouraged47.(2021·江苏南京·二模)________ your mistakes and treat them as chances to improve yourself.A.Receive B.Accept C.Avoid D.Keep48.(2021·辽宁沈阳)Tom’s old computer ran fast five years ago, but little by little it ________ really slow.A.looked B.became C.sounded D.stayed49.(2021·湖北武汉)The official newspaper ________ the news of Tiangong 1, for it took a big step forward into space.A.heard B.checked C.believed D.celebrated50.(2020·山东东营)5G, as a new global network (全球网络) after 3G and 4G, will certainly ________ our life in many ways.A.copy B.break C.change D.control51.(2020·天津)I w as busy this morning and didn’t have time to ________ my email. A.waste B.punish C.believe D.check52.(2021·江苏常州)Don’t ________ your child with others because every child is a treasure. A.compare B.complain C.contact D.consider53.(2020·江苏南通)The children are jumping excitedly because they have _______ the design perfectly in groups.A.completed B.controlled C.contacted D.caused54.(2021·江西章贡·一模)All of us should ________ Alice because she has passed the college examination successfully.A.examine B.separate C.congratulate D.refuse55.(2020·湖北襄阳)— Can your little brother ___________ from 1 to 100? — Yes. He began to learn to say the simple numbers at the age of one.A.count B.hear C.guess D.spread56.(2021·湖北荆州)— Do you know Zhang Guimei, who was honored as one of the “People Who Moved China”?— Yes, she ______ the first free high school for girls in mountain areas and has helped more than 1,800 students to go to college.A.educated B.created C.memorized D.dreamed57.(2021·天津)The government plans to ________ more jobs for young people in western China.A.create B.avoid C.borrow D.guess58.(2020·山东日照)It's good for us to ________ a good habit of reading.A.develop B.choose C.accept D.pick59.(2021·山东·模拟预测)—Do you know who ________ the tomb of Emperor Qin and who ________ the mobile phone? —No, but we may ask our teacher. A.discovered, invented B.was discovered, was inventedC.invented, discovered D.was invented, was discovered60.(2021·江苏镇江)Customers are ________ to bring their own bottles to buy milky tea and it can reduce the use of disposable(一次性)cups.A.ordered B.encouraged C.chosen D.warned61.(2021·四川沙湾·二模)If we ________ this glass with red wine, we’ll find the glass________ more beautiful.A.fill; looks B.compare; tastes C.make; feels62.(2020·江苏徐州)If steel is heavier than water, why are ships able to ________ on the sea? A.float B.fly C.fall D.flow63.(2020·山东济南)It's important for students to ________ the school rules.A.break B.play C.follow D.refuse64.(2021·四川乐山)The Internet is so closely connected with our daily life. Can you__________a life without it?A.imagine B.expect C.understand65.(2020·江苏南京)China’s efforts to stop the spread of COVID-19 will ________ the world’s ability to limit the harm in the near future.A.imagine B.invent C.insist D.improve66.(2020·辽宁辽阳)Developing good reading habits can ___________ our reading speed. A.review B.receive C.spread D.increase67.(2021·山东南区·二模)—What you see ________ your thinking. —Yes, you’re right. A.are B.includes C.produces D.influences68.(2021·浙江浙江·模拟预测)— Jimmy? please take out your textbook. — Sorry, Sir. I________ it at home this morning.A.left B.forgot C.missed D.found69.(2020·江苏扬州)—I’m tired out. I have stayed up late the whole week.—You'dbetter________ your time better and have things organized.A.make B.have C.take D.manage70.(2021·江苏玄武·一模)Tiny things always remind me of what really ________ in our lives. A.makes B.matters C.manages D.minds71.(2021·安徽砀山·三模)—What did she say in his letter? Is everything OK with her study? —No idea. She didn’t ________ it in the letter.A.notice B.prepare C.learn D.mention72.(2020·湖北宜昌)—Would you ____________ opening the window? Get more freshair. —Of course not. I’ll do it right away.A.consider B.practice C.suggest D.mind73.(2021·山东菏泽)—Is anything worth seeing in Xi’an?—Yes. Don’t ________ the amazing Terracotta Army.A.offer B.miss C.share74.(2020·江苏镇江)All my family members think people should___________ doctors and nurses for their contributions.A.promise B.praise C.present D.prepare75.(2021·贵州黔东南)—What about going for a picnic this weekend? —I’d like to, but the final exam is coming. I ________ to stay at home.A.prefer B.discover C.refuse D.achieve76.(2021·江苏·苏州市景范中学校二模)Wetlands are important because they help ________ flood.A.project B.protect C.produce D.prevent77.(2021·辽宁辽阳)Our national hero Yue Fei _______ to devote (贡献) himself to the country at a young age.A.failed B.forgot C.promised D.refused78.(2021·山西)—To ________ our eyesight, we’d better relax for a while after reading for a long time. — I agree with you.A.harm B.protect C.examine79.(2021·江苏锡山·模拟预测)—It ___________ boring to take such a guessing game. —Well, it depends.A.heard B.proved C.remained D.discovered80.(2021·江苏南京)The drama “Yuhuayao” ________ citizens in Nanjing with a chance to learn and listen to the Party’s history.A.provided B.guarded C.compared D.protected81.(2020·辽宁大连)Last Thursday when I got to the airport, I ________ I had left my ticket at home.A.forgot B.realized C.believed D.seemed82.(2021·江苏秦淮·二模)Since I need to hand in a book report tomorrow, I have decidedto ________ Tom’s invitation to his birthday party tonight.A.repeat B.refuse C.remember D.research83.(2020·辽宁大连) Yao Ming is ____as one of the most popular basketball players in the world.A.regarded B.made C.kept D.watched84.(2021·吉林二道·一模)Don’t miss the chance when you can catch it, or you will ________ it someday.A.decide B.agree C.regret D.repeat85.(2021·内蒙古包头)—I’ll go back to my hometown, honey. ________ to buy me a ticket, please. — OK, single or return?A.Regret B.Remain C.Require D.Remember86.(2021·江西宜春·一模)—Why have you read the poem so many times? —Because it________ me of my happy junior high school days.A.cheats B.reminds C.provides D.discovers87.(2021·湖北襄阳)—Would you please ________ what you said? —Sure. I asked you to have a rest. It’s too hot today.A.show B.spell C.review D.repeat88.(2021·安徽无为·三模)—Did Mr. Brown _______ to you about that question at once? —No, he must be very busy preparing his lesson at that moment.A.repeat B.reply C.smile D.answer89.(2021·江苏建邺·二模)—I didn’t understand what Mr. Li said just now and I am a little worried now. —Don’t worry. He promised to_________the main points before the exam. A.review B.receive C.respect D.require90.(2021·安徽·合肥市第四十二中学三模)Reading a lot after school is a good way for students to ________ the hunger for knowledge.A.satisfy B.refuse C.avoid D.cut。
中考动词最全讲解-共21页包括常见短语动词辨析重点动词用法
中考动词最全讲解-共21页包括常见短语动词辨析重点动词用法在英语中动词的使用形式变化多样,这与汉语截然不同,故其用法成为学生学习中的一大难点。
英语中动词分四类,即:实义动词、连系动词、情态动词、助动词。
如何进行中考辅导?一、实义动词1.谓语形式:当一些实义动词或词组充当句子的谓语时,它的形式随语态、时态以及主语人称和数的变化而变化。
细而言之:时态\\语态主动语态一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时现在完成时过去完成时含情态动词2.非谓语形式:⑴.不定式①意义:动词的非谓语形式,常发生在谓语或前位非谓语的即时时间之后,作主语、宾语﹙动词宾语﹚、宾语补足语、表语、定语﹙常表示功能﹚、状语。
②.构成:不定式= to﹢动词原形③.否定结构= not to do sth④.复合结构= for sb.﹙not﹚to do sth ⑤.与疑问词连用:如what to do⑥.在下列动词后的不定式省略“to”:三看﹙look see watch﹚两听﹙listen hear﹚一感觉﹙feel﹚,注意﹙notice﹚使﹙make﹚让﹙let have﹚帮﹙help﹚→可不省。
⑦.形式主语:当不定式、否定结构、复合结构、与疑问词连用等形式作句子主语时,用it来代替它,而将真正的主语置于谓语之后,“it”叫形式主语。
⑵.动名词①.意义:动词的非谓语形式,常常发生或预定在谓语或前位非谓语的即时时间之前,表示事实、爱好、功能、习惯等,起名词作用。
作主语、宾语﹙包括介词宾语和动词宾语﹚、表语、定语﹙常表示功能﹚等。
②.构成:动名词=V+ing ③. 否定结构= not doing sth④. 复合结构=one’﹙ not﹚doing sth ⑶.现在分词①.意义:动词的非谓语形式,常指相对谓语或前位非谓语的即时时间正在发生的动作,表示主动。
②.用法:常作定语﹙单个词前置,短语后置﹚、宾语补足语和状语﹙如时间状语、方式状语、伴随状语等﹚。
初中英语 中考一轮复习-动词的分类和辨析
一:实义动词:是能独立做谓语的动词。
按其句法作用分为及物动词和不及物动词;按其持续性可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。
1.及物动词:及物动词本身意义不完整,需要接宾语才能使意思完整。
(1)动词+宾语I like this book very much.(2)动词+宾语+宾补We call the bird Polly .注意:用省略to的不定式或现在分词作宾补的动词有:have, see , watch , notice , hear等。
(3)动词+间接宾语+直接宾语Please pass me the salt常见带双宾语的动词有:give , bring, buy , get , leave ,lend ,make ,offer, pass, teach , tell , write ,read, return等。
2.不及物动词:不及物动词本身意思完整,无需接宾语。
Horses run fast.(1)有些动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词。
We study English.(及物动词)We study hard.(不及物动词)(2)有些不及物动词与一些别的词搭配在一起构成动词短语,它的作用等于一个及物动词,要注意积累。
A:动词+介词Listen to the teacher carefully.B:动词+副词He turned off the light when he left.He picked it up and give it to me .注意:动副短语中代词做宾语时必须放在动词后副词前,当宾语时名词时,放在副词的前后均可。
C:动词+副词+介词Please pay attention to the phrases in the article .3.延续性动词和非延续性动词A:延续性动词表示动作是可以持续的,可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。
如:live, study , work , keep , teach等。
中考英语复习之动词分类、时态
中考英语复习之动词分类、时态一、考点、热点回顾动词的分类和时态(一)、知识概要动词是语言中必不可少的一部分,主要有助动词、情态动词、be动词、使役动词、系动词等不同动词形式。
如助动词do、have等;情态动词will、may、can、must等;使役动词work、play、study等;系动词feel、look、sound、taste等。
初中英语不规则动词变化表I.A-B-B型变化原形过去式过去分词基本含义Verb past Tense Past Participle Basic Meaningbring brought brought 带来,引起,产生buy bought bought 购买;采购catch caught caught 接住;抓住;赶上;染上dig dug dug 挖(士);掘J(地)feel felt felt 触摸(某物);感觉到fight fought fought 搏斗;奋斗;斗争;争论find found found 查明;找到;感到get got got 达到;接到;得到;经受have had had 有;吃;喝;进行;经受hear heard heard 听见;听说;得知hold held held 拿住;抓住;抱;举行keep kept kept 留下;保留;继续leave left left 离开;把……留下;剩下learn learnt/learned learnt/learned 学;学习;获悉;得知lend lent lent 借出;供给lose lost lost 失去;丧失;损失make made made 做;制作;制造;使得meet met met 遇见;碰见(某人)pay paid paid 付钱,给…报酬say said said 说,讲sell sold sold 卖,销售shine shone shone 发光,照耀,照射shined shined 擦亮sit sat sat 坐,就座sleep slept slept 睡,睡觉,睡着smell smelt smelt 闻出,嗅,发气味spend spent spent 用(钱),花(时间),度stand stood stood 站立,起立,位于,经受teach taught taught 教,教授,传授tell told told 告诉,讲述,吩咐think thought thought 想,思考,认为understand understood understood 懂,理解,领会win won won 嬴,获胜。
初中英语中考复习动词辨析和动词短语汇总
中考英语动词辨析和动词短语一、近义动词词义辨析三个“借”borrow 非延续性动词,表示主语“借入”,常用搭配borrow sth. from sb.lend 非延续性动词,表示主语“借出”,常用搭配lend sth. to sb.或lend sb. sth.keep 延续性动词,表示“长时间地借”三个“到达”get get to+地点名词reach及物动词,后面可直接跟地点名词reach 及物动词,后面可直接跟地点名词arrive in+大地点(名词)at+小地点(名词)三个“穿”dress dress sb. 给某人穿衣服 dress sb. up 打扮某人put on 穿上,戴上,表示动作wear 穿着,戴着,表示状态四个“花费”spend 人作主语,表示花费时间或金钱,后接on sth. 或(in) doing sth.cost 物作主语,表示“某物花费多少钱”take 可用于固定句型,表示“花费一段时间做某事”,其结构为:It+takes/took+一段时间+to do sth.pay 常与介词for连用,表示“支付”四个“看”see “看见”,表示结果look “看”,表示动作,是不及物动词,后面需加介词at才能跟宾语watch “观看(比赛、电视等)”read “看(书、报等)”,表示阅读四个“说”speak 作及物动词时后接表示语言的名词,表示“说,讲述”say 常跟直接引语或间接引语,表示说的内容talk 是不及物动词,常跟介词to和with,意为“同……谈话”,也表示具有说话能力tell 意为“告诉”,与story连用,意为“讲故事”四个“拿”bring “带来,拿来”,表示拿到靠近说话人的地方take “拿去,带走”,表示拿到远离说话人的地方carry “扛,搬,用力移动”,没有方向fetch “去取,去拿”,表示往返拿东西四个“赢,输”lose 意为“输给”某人,固定搭配为lose to sb.fail 意为“失败”或“未做成某事”beat 意为“打败”,后接人或某支队伍win 意为“赢得,荣誉,地位,比赛等”四个“参加”join 一般指加入“党派”或“组织”并成为其中一员,如参军,入党,入团等join in 指参加竞赛、娱乐、游戏等活动take part in 指参加聚会或群众性活动attend 一般指出席会议、典礼、婚礼等四个“变化”turn 一般用于颜色的变化get 天变黑、变长或变短become 天气变暖或变冷等,表示渐变grow 形状变大或变小二、感官动词词义辨析sound 意为“听起来……”指听觉。
中考英语 专题七 动词的分类、时态、语态、非谓语动词、情态动词
第一讲动词的分类动词是表示动作或状态的词。
句子中的谓语成分是由动词充当的,谓语通常是句中不可缺少的成分,因此动词是英语词类中最重要的一种。
动词可以通过本身的变化来表示动作发生的时间以及说话人的语气、态度等。
1.动词的种类动词按其词义和在句中的作用可以分为:行为动词(或称实义动词)、连系动词、助动词和情态动词。
1)行为动词又可分为及物动词(vt.)和不及物动词(vi.)两种。
及物动词作谓语,后面必须跟宾语意思才完整。
不及物动词作谓语,后面不能跟宾语,只有加上介词后才可接宾语。
2)英语中有些动词常常是既作及物动词又作不及物动词;既作连系动词工作及物动词。
例如:He speaks English very well. (vt.)He spoke at the meeting. (vi.)另外,动词按其在句中能否作谓语,又可分为谓语动词(finite verb)和非谓语动词(non-finite verb)两大类。
说明:谓语动词又称限定动词,非谓语动词又称非限定动词。
非谓语动词初中阶段主要学习动词不定式的用法。
2.动词的基本形式英语动词有五种基本形式,即动词原形、过去式、过去分词、现在分词和第三人称单数形式。
如:work—worked—worked—working—works。
它们的构成及说明:1)词尾-ed在清辅音后读[t];在浊辅音和元音后读[d];在[t]和[d]后读[id]。
2)词尾-es或-s在[s ]、[z]、[t ]、[d ]后面读[iz];在清辅音后读[s];在浊辅音及元音后读[z];在[t],[d]后读[ts]、[dz]。
3)不规则动词的过去式与过去分词则要根据不规则动词表逐渐记住。
第二讲动词的时态1.一般现在时1)构成动词一般现在时,除主语为单数第三人称以外,谓语动词一律用原形,若主语为第三人称单数,则谓语动词的词尾应发生变化(加-s或-es)。
另外be和have 有特殊的人称变化形式。
初中动词辨析知识点总结
初中动词辨析知识点总结一、及物动词与不及物动词1. 及物动词是指后面可以带宾语的动词,表示动作的直接对象。
例:他吃了一碗面条。
2. 不及物动词是指后面不能直接带宾语,表示动作的主体进行的动作。
例:她坐在椅子上看书。
二、动词的时态1. 一般现在时:表示习惯性、经常性、客观真理等。
例:I often go to the park on Sundays.2. 一般过去时:表示过去某一段时间内的动作或状态。
例:Yesterday, I played basketball with my friends.3. 一般将来时:表示将来某一时刻或某段时间内会发生的动作或状态。
例:We will have an English test next week.4. 现在进行时:表示现阶段正在进行的动作。
例:She is reading a book now.5. 过去进行时:表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。
例:They were having dinner at 7 o'clock last night.6. 将来进行时:表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作。
例:This time tomorrow, we will be having a picnic in the park.7. 现在完成时:表示过去某一时刻开始持续到现在的动作。
例:I have lived in this city for 10 years.8. 过去完成时:表示过去某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。
例:We had finished our homework when the teacher came in.9. 将来完成时:表示将来某一时刻之前会已经完成的动作。
例:By this time next year, I will have graduated from university.三、系动词与行为动词1. 系动词是表示主语状态、特征、属性等的动词,不能单独使用,必须与主语连用。
中考英语“动词”考点复习总结和解
中考英语,“动词”考点总结和解题思路。
助力中考,初中英语学法指导在英语中,构成句子的重要成分就是动词。
无论什么样的句子都离不开动词的连接。
缺少了动词的句子是不完整的。
如果将英语比作人,那么动词就是人体中的骨骼,起到了整体支撑的作用,其他知识点就是血肉,由此可见动词在英语中的重要性。
什么是动词呢?动词就是表示动作中状态的词。
每年的中考英语试卷中动词的考点和比重最多。
动词都考哪些内容呢?1、动词的形式每个动词有五种形式分别为原形、单三、现在分词、过去式和过去分词,如go-goes-going-went-gone 。
2、动词的分类①实义动词:及物和不及物,②Be动词:be,look,sound,taste,smell,become,turn,③助动词:be,have,do,④情态动词:can,may,must,should,might。
3、动词在句中的成分两种成分一种是可以作谓语;另一种是不做谓语,也就是非谓语。
非谓语有三种形式,不定式,动名词,分词(过分和现分)。
同学们要知道,在初中阶段,重点考察动词后跟不定式和现在分词的区别。
4、动词时态①一般现在时:概念:表经常性习惯性发生的动作或存在的状态或一个事实。
结构:主语+be+其他。
标志词:sometimes,usually,always,often,everyday。
用法:在宾语从句和定语从句中考察。
②一般过去时。
③现在进行时。
④过去进行时。
⑤一般将来时。
⑥过去将来时。
⑦现在完成时。
⑧过去完成时,同以上的总结方法一致。
需要同学们在学习或复习中学会总结。
5、动词语态这是我们中考考查的重点,这里给大家总结类型和其中一部分例子:1)动词+介词:如deal with,look for,agree with,suffer from,put on等2)动词+副词:如turn up,turn off,pick up,put off,stay up,turn off,3)动词+副词+介词:如look forward to,come up with.7、动词辨析常见的动词词义辨析如下,我们可以用口诀来记忆:“2找,3借3穿3到达3参加,4看4花费4输赢,5感官”具体如下:“2”找look for,find;“3”借borrow,lend,keep;“3”穿dress,put on,wear;“3”到达get,arrive,reach;“3”参加join,attend,take part in;“4”看see,look,watch,read;“4”花费spend,cost,take,pay ;“4”输赢lose,fail,win,beat;“5”感官feel,sound,look,smell,hear。
中考英语动词和动词短语专题复习及练习题(含答案)
中考英语动词和动词短语专题复习及练习题(含答案)复习目标:一.动词分类二.动词辨析(感官动词辨析和实义动词辨析)三.动词短语考点讲解一.命题点1:动词分类(必考:每年2~5道;单选、完形,词语运用) 概念:动词是表示人或事物动作或状态的词。
1.实义动词(必考) 及物动词和不及物动词。
(辨析类试题为主)2.系动词:be,感官动间(taste,smell,feel,sound,look)(2016.34,2014.35)等3.助动词:do,does,did,have,has等4.情态动词:can,may,must,need等(详见下一专题)巩固练习词汇运用1.Don't be afraid of___(fail),because it makes us grow.2. The Jiaozi Road is closed today because workers are ___(make)some repairs.3.I must return the camera to Li Lei.I have ____ (keep)it for two weeks.4.Can you ____(see)the new build? It was buil last year.二.命题点2:动词辨析(感官动词辨析和实义动词辨析)考向一:感官动词辨析河北中考近6年考查了2次感官动词辨析,均在单项选择中考查smell的用法。
初中常见的感官动词还有sound(s),feel(s),taste(s),look(s)。
解答此类试题的关键是剖析题干中的搭配词及语境.巩固练习单项选择1 .(2016 河北34 题)The air___fresh after the rain. And the sky is blue.A. feelsB. tastesC. smellsD. sounds2. (2014 河北35 题) Mom is making dinner. It___so nice!A. smellsB. tastesC. feelsD. sounds3. The cake ____delicious. I’d like to have another one.A. tastesB. looksC. soundsD. feels4.TFBOYS's songs ____sweet and many of us like lislening to them.A. soundB. feelC. tasteD. look5. This dress is made of silk.It ____comfortable.A. looksB. smellsC. feelsD. sounds考向二:实义动词辨析1.实义动词辨析(6年15考)解答实义动词词义辨析类试题时,首先要分析各个选项的词义,然后分析语境,找出关键词,或者根据前后文语境的逻辑关系来确定正确答案。
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在英语中,动词的使用形式变化多样,与汉语语法截然不同,因此成为我们学习中的一大难点。
由近几年中考题可以看出动词为单项选择题的必考点,尤其是对动词短语的考查,偏向take、turn、put、down 等。
考查形式主要集中在三个方面:①同一动词+不同介词;②不同动词+同一介词;③不同动词+不同介词。
对动词的考查侧重感官系动词词义的辨析,也偶尔涉及实义动词的辨析。
设题形式均为简单句。
一、系动词系动词不能单独作谓语,必须跟表语一起构成谓语。
常用的系动词分类如下:(1)be动词:am, is, are, was, were(2)感官类:look, sound, smell, taste, feel(3)变化类:become, get, grow, go, turn(4)状态类:keep, stay二、助动词助动词本身没有词义,不能单独作谓语,只能和其他动词一起构成谓语,表示时态、语态、语气等特征,共同构成否定、疑问、强调、省略等句子。
主要的助动词有be, have, has, had, do, does, did, will, would 和shall等。
三、实义动词实义动词是能独立作谓语的动词。
按其语法作用分为及物动词和不及物动词;按其持续性可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。
1.及物动词及物动词本身意义不完整,需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。
(1)动词+宾语如:Can you open the window?(2)动词+宾语+宾补如:We call him Bill.I saw Tom play in the park yesterday.注意:用省略to的不定式或现在分词作宾补的动词有make, let, see, watch, hear, notice等。
(3)动词+间接宾语+直接宾语如:May I ask you a question?Please pass me the book.常见的带双宾语的动词有:give, bring, buy, get, lend, offer, pass, teach, tell, write, return等。
2. 不及物动词(1)不及物动词本身意义完整,其后不必跟宾语。
如:come, go, run, listen, swim, work等。
如:He works hard.(2)有些动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词。
如:We study English.(及物)We study hard.(不及物)(3)如果需要带宾语,则不及物动词需要跟适当的介词连用,多构成动词短语。
如:Look at the picture.3. 延续性动词和非延续性动词(1)延续性动词表示动作是可持续的,可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。
如:live, stay, study, work, keep, teach等。
You can keep the book for two weeks.你可以借用这本书两周。
(2)非延续性动词表示瞬间动作,动作一经发生便立即结束。
如:buy, lend, borrow, die, begin, stop, finish, arrive, join, go, come等。
非延续性动词不能和表示一段时间的状语连用,如果和表示一段时间的状语连用,就要用其他词代替。
如:He arrived here five days ago.他五天前到这儿的。
He has been here for five days.他已经到这儿五天了。
(这里不能用has arrived here)四、动词短语辨析单项选择对动词短语的考查主要集中在以下三个方面:1.同一动词+不同介词(1)take短语take up 占据,开始从事;take down 记下,拿下;take off 起飞,脱下(衣服);take away 拿走(2)put短语put up 悬挂,张贴;put away 收起来,放好;put off 推迟;put on 穿上,上演;put down 放下,记下(3)turn短语turn on 打开;turn off 关掉;turn up 调大;turn down 关小(4)look短语look at 看;look up 查找;look after 照顾;look for 寻找;look out 当心2.不同动词+同一介词(1)down短语turn down 关小,调低;put down 记下;fall down 落下,摔倒write down 写下,记下;cut down 砍倒;up and down 上下,来回(2)up短语bring up 抚育,培养;call up 召唤,打电话给;come up 走进,上来;cut up 切碎fix up 修理;grow up 长大;look up 尊敬,向上看,查询;make up 编造,组成put up 举起,搭建;turn up 调大;pick up 捡起,(开车)接某人,偶然得到;set up 建立;send up 发射show up 揭露,露面;take up 占据,开始从事(3)on短语try on 试穿,试验;put on 穿上,上演;have on 穿着,戴着hold on 不挂断;carry on 继续开展,坚持;keep on 继续go on 继续;get on 上(车、船);come on 赶快3.不同动词+不同介词go on 继续;give up 放弃;give away 赠送,分发;think of 考虑find out 找出;make sure 确保易错易混点【易错点】动词辨析( spend, take, cost 和pay)--The model ship is wonderful.--It____me two days to make it.A. tookB. costC. spentD. paid【易混点】动词短语辨析(up短语)Don’t too late, or you will feel tired tomorrow.A. think upB. stay upC. wake upD. get up五、情态动词情态动词有一定的词义,本身并不表示动作或状态,而仅仅表达说话人的态度。
它在句中须和主要动词一起构成谓语。
情态动词后必须跟动词原形。
近几年中考单项选择对情态动词的考查主要为其基本用法和词义辨析,特别是must的各种用法,如must表肯定推测和强制命令,can’t表否定推测,needn’t表示不需要。
同时,也涉及情态动词在被动语态中的运用。
设题形式多为单句或对话形式。
1、can表示能力,意为“能够,会”表法推测,意为“可能”,常用于否定句和疑问句中表示请求、允许,意为“可以”在疑问句中表示委婉的请求,回答要用can或can’t could:can的过去式,意为“能够,会”,表示过去的能力2、may表示请求、许可,意为“可以”表示推测,常用于肯定句中,意为“可能,也许”might:may的过去式3、must表示主观看法,意为“必须”表示有把握的推测,用于肯定句中4、need表示需要,主要用于否定句和疑问句中意为“应该”,表示要求和命令5、should表示劝告、建议6、shall表示征求意见或请求,常用在Shall we…?句型中,意为“……好吗?”7、had better意为“最好”,表示建议8、will/would表示意志、意愿、打算易混点梳理(一)can和be able to两者表“能力”时用法相同,但can用于现在时和过去时(could),而be able to可用于各种时态。
如:He can speak three languages.=He is able to speak three languages.(二)may be和maybe(1)may be: may为情态动词,后加动词原形be,位于句中。
(2)maybe: maybe为副词,意为“大概,也许”,相当于perhaps,位于句首。
如:Maybe he is right. He may be right.(三)can’t和mustn’t1. can’t根据其基本用法可译为:(1)不会。
如:I can’t speak English .我不会说英语。
(2)不能。
如:We can’t do it now because it’s too dark.天太黑了,我们现在干不了。
(3)否定句中表示推测。
“不可能”,如:The man can’t be our teacher because he is much younger than our teacher.那个人不可能是我们老师,他年轻得多。
2. mustn’t意为“禁止、不许”,用来表达命令,表示强烈的语气。
如:You mustn’t play football in the street. It’s too dangerous.你不准在街上踢足球,太危险了。
(四)must和have to1.must侧重于个人意志和主观上的必要。
如:I know I must study hard.我知道我必须努力学习。
2. have to侧重于客观上的必要,可用于现在时、过去时和将来时。
如:My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the mid-night.我弟弟病得厉害,我只得半夜里把医生请来。
注意:have to在否定句和疑问句中需借助于助动词(五)含有情态动词的疑问句及答语1.may构成的一般疑问句,可以有下列回答方式:(1)Yes, of course. (2)Yes, certainly.(3)Sure. (4)No, you mustn’t.(5)No, you can’t.2.must构成的一般疑问句,回答方式为:(1)Yes, you must.(2)No, you needn’t/don’t have to.3.need构成的一般疑问句,回答方式如下:-Need I finish my homework at once?-Yes, you must. / –No, you needn’t.六、非谓语动词单项选择对非谓语动词的考查主要为不定式,如:不定式作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语。
同时,也涉及到了不定式固定句型和用法的考查,如固定搭配would like to do sth.; 疑问词+不定式when to start。
设题形式以单句为主。
1. 动词不定式的句法功能(1)作主语•动词不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语(动词不定式)放在句末,其结构为:It +be+adj.(+for/of sb.)+to do sth.To learn English well is useful.→It is useful to learnEnglish well.注意:在kind, good, nice, clever等表示人的品质的形容词后,不用for而用of.(2)作宾语(包括疑问词+不定式)They decided to visit the Great Wall.Could you tell me how to get to the train station?(3)作表语Her job is to do the dishes.(4)作宾语补足语Lucy asked him to turn down the radio. (5)作定语I have a lot of books to read.(6)作状语To catch the train, we had to get up early.2. 常见的后面接动词不定式作宾语的动词有:would like/want to do sth.想要做某事like to do sth.喜欢做某事agree to do sth. 同意做某事hope/wish to do sth. 希望做某事decide to do sth. 决定做某事try to do sth. 尝试做某事begin/start to do sth. 开始做某事expect to do sth. 期望做某事refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事afford to do sth. 负担得起learn to do sth. 学习做某事plan to do sth. 计划做某事prefer to do sth. 更喜欢做某事continue to do sth. 继续做某事promise to do sth. 许诺做某事注意:不定式作宾语时,find, think, make, believe等动词后常用it 作形式宾语,而不定式短语放在后面作真正宾语。