“情态动词+have-done”重点讲解课件
情态动词+have done
情态动词+have done：对过去行为或动作表示推测、评论或判断一、虚拟语气1、should have done：过去本应该做某事却未做否定结构should‘t have done：过去本不该做某事却做了2、ought to have done：过去本应该做某事却未做否定结构oughtn‘t to have done：过去本不该做某事却做了3、need have done：过去本有必要做某事却未做否定结构needn‘t have done：过去本没必要做某事却做了4、could（不能用can）have done：过去本能够做某事却未做否定形式couldn‘t have done没有虚拟语气的用法couldn’t have done只能表推测，=can’t have done：过去不可能做了某事5、might（不能用may）have done：过去本可以做某事却未做否定形式might not have done没有虚拟语气的用法。
might not have done只能表推测，=may not have done：过去可能没有做某事二、推测1、must have done：过去肯定做了某事。
不存在mustn’t have done的形式。
否定或疑问形式须用can(could) have done(不可能，肯定不会)来表示。
2、may/might have done :过去可能做了某事may比might 表示的可能性在说话人看来稍大些。
may/might not have done:过去可能没有做某事3、can/could have done：can have done一般用在否定句和疑问句中,表示不相信或怀疑的态度。
could have done还可以用于肯定句，表示本来可能完成而实际未完成。
PS: 表示推测过去某动作发生的可能性时，就表示的可能性程度而言:mus t＞could＞may＞might 情态动词的回答方式：。
Module 6 Period Four Grammar情态动词+have done的用法 课件(外研版必修4,课标通用)
done的形式。
答案 D
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勤思巧学园地
2．(1)can/could have done表示对过去的推理，用于否定句， 疑问句中，表示对发生行为的惊疑、怀疑或不肯定， could语气较委婉，“本来可以”“可能已经”。如用在否定 句中，否定意义最强烈，通常有迹象表明根本不可能。 Where can they have gone？他们能去哪儿呢？(表惊疑) They could have gone to the cinema. 他们可能去电影院了。(表不肯定) I met him at school yesterday afternoon，so he couldn't have attended your lecture. 昨天下午我在学校遇上他了，因此他不可能参加你的讲 座。(有迹象表明，强烈地否定)
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勤思巧学园地
【单项填空】
—Have you seen my key? I remember I put it here yesterday.
—Don't worry.You________it in the wrong place.
A．must put
B．should have put
D．ought to have come
解析 本题考查情态动词。句意：昨天的聚会非常成功，
很有趣。你本来应该来的，为什么没有来？句子说的是对
已经发生的事情的推测，应用“情态动词＋have done”结
构，故排除A项；B项表示“准是已经做某事”；C项表示“可
能已经做某事”；D项表示“本来应该做某事”，由句意知D
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情态动词have_done
情态动词+have+done是历年高考的重点和难点之一，现将其用法总结归纳如下：一、must+have+done表示对过去事情的肯定推测,译成“一定做过某事”,该结构只用于肯定句.1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant.你和仆人说话,一定是发疯了二、“can't+have+done”表示对过去事情的否定推测，译成“不可能做过某事”。
1. Mr. Smith can't have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now. 史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。
2.Mary can't have stolen your money. She has gone home.玛丽不可能偷你的钱,她回家去了三、“can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过……吗？”。
1.There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out?屋里没有灯,他们可能出去了吗?2. There is nowhere to find them. Where can they have gone? 到处找不到他们，他们可能到什么地方去呢？四、could+have+done’是虚拟语气,表示对过去事情的假设,意思是本来能够做某事而没有做.He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless.本来他能通过考试，但他太粗心五、“may+have+done”表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句中。
情态动词 have done用法课件
（2）表推测，“可能”、“也许”，暗含不确 定，等于possibly, perhaps, maybe。可用于否 定和肯定句，但不用于疑问句。Might 比may更 不确定，不表过去时。
他也许马上就来。
He may/might come soon. 他也许正在做功课。
He might/may be doing his homework now. （3）用于表示让步的状语从句或分句中
3）回答“need”提出的问题。例如： Need I go there with her?
Yes, you must. No, you needn't. 试对比“must”提出的问题： Must I go there with her?
Yes, you must/have to. No, you needn't.
B: It __m_a_y__ be the headmaster. A:It _c_a_n___ not be him. He has gone
out.
B: Then it _m_u_s_t__ be Mr Smith. He looks like the headmaster very much.
will和would
By now she will be eating dinner.
推测
My brother will help you with the luggage.
willingness
Every evening he would come to say goodnight.
过去的习惯性动作
2）推测
They should/ought to be home by now. 推测，不太肯定
情态动词+have-done用法
情态动词＋have done (have been doing )一、教学目标情态动词＋have done (have been doing ) 的用法二、生成问题情态动词+have done (have been doing ) 的用法有哪些1、should(ought to)＋have done (have been doing )表示“本来应该做而实际上没做”，其否定式表示“本来不该做却做了”，常含有责备的语气。
You should have been here five minutes ago.五分钟之前你就应该到这里了。
How I regretted the days when I had played and should have studied.我多么懊悔我本应该好好学习的日子都玩掉了。
We shouldn’t have been resting so long.我们真不该休息这么长时间。
2、《3、could＋have done表示“本来有能力做而实际上没有做”。
—We could have walked to the station, it was so near.这么近，我们完全能走着来车站。
—Yes. A taxi was not at all necessary.是呀，根本不必搭车的。
I could have won if I hadn’t fallen over.要不是摔倒，我准能赢。
3、needn’t＋have done表示“本来不必做的事，实际上做过了”。
I got up early, but needn’t have done so, because I had nothing to do that morning.那天早上我起得很早，可我根本不必起这么早，因为我无事可做。
You needn’t have written such a long article. The teacher only asked for 300 words, and you have written 600 words.你没有必要写这么长的文章，老师只要求写300字，你写了600字。
情态动词+have done用法讲解
1. would have done用于虚拟语气，表示对过去可能发生的情 况进行推测，意为“本来会做” He would have helped me, but he was so busy. 2. need have done 表示“本来需要做某事，但事实上没有做” needn’t have done 则表示“本来不需要做某事，而实际上做了 We need have hurried to school. In that case, we wouldn’t have been late for the class. I needn’t have cooked so many cakes; only two children came.
3. should have done 表示“本来应该做某事，二十几上没有做” shouldn’t have done 则表示“本来不应该做某事，而实际上做 了”，含有职责对法或自责之意。 The essay should have been finished last week, but I forgot it. Tom is crying ; I shouldn’t have been so harsh on him. 4. might have done 表示使对过去情况把握性不大的推测，意为 “可能坐过…”或表示说话人因某人没做某事而不满，意为 “本应该做…” He might have won the race, if you had been backing him. 5. must have done 表示对过去情况的肯定推测，意为“一定做过 某事”，该结构只用于肯定句 It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.
情态动词+ have done用法幻灯片课件
but she _______ be out shopping.
A. can
B. should
C. must
D. may
3. The room is in a terrible mess; it
_________ cleaned.
A. can’t have been B. couldn’t be
C. may have been D. would be
A. should
B. could
C. must
D. might
11. — I’ve taken someone else’s green
sweater by mistake.
— It ______ Harry’s. He always wears
green.
A. has to be
8.would rather (not) have done 宁愿当时（没）做了某事
I raised objections at the meeting, but now I would rather have not done that.
9.would like/love to have done
3.may/might have done
也许、或许已经做了，一般只用于肯定句或 否定句中（在否定句中表示“可能不”)，不 用于疑问句。用might表示语气更加不肯定。
It’s too late. I think he may have gone to bed.
He may not have finished the work.
他也许还没完成那项工作。
4.should/ ought to have done
“情态动词have-done”重点讲解
03
have-done的句型结构
have done句型
表示现在完成时，强调动作已经完成 但对现在有影响。
时态：现在时间点之前完成的动作。
用法：have done + 过去分词，例如： I have finished my homework.
had done句型
表示过去完成时，强调动作在过 去的某个时间之前已经完成。
定义
表示过去的某个时间点，某个动作已经完成或发生 的动作。
表示过去的某个时间点，某个动作已经完成或发生 的动作，并且强调这个动作对现在的影响。
表示过去的某个时间点，某个动作已经完成或发生 ，并且强调这个动作对未来的影响。
用法分类
02
01
03
表示过去的某个时间点，某个动作已经完成或发生， 并且强调这个动作对现在的影响。
3. I _____ (see) the film twice, so I don't want to see it again. (用适当的形式填空)
答案：have been working 答案：has finished 答案：have seen
翻译题练习
1. 我已经完成了我的论文，现
在可以放松一下了。
时态：将来时间点之前完成的动作。
04
have-done的语境与语义
表示经验
用于描述个人或团体过去所经历的事件或状态，强调经验或经历 。
例如：I have been to the Great Wall before. (我之前去过长城 。)
表示结果
01
强调某个动作或行为所产生的结 果或影响。
02
A. has taken B. has lifted C. has been taking D. has been lifting
情态动词+have done总结
情态动词+ have done 重点1. Something may have happened to her.她可能发生了什么事情。
She might have had an accident.她或许遭受了意外.So she must have taken that too.因此，她肯定把它也带走了。
1) 这三句话都用了“情态动词＋不定式的完成时”，表示对发生过的事作某种猜测、推测。
(1) must have done 可用来对某件过去的事情作肯定推测，表示“一定已经，想必已经”做过某事，用于肯定的陈述句中。
否定句中用can't have done。
She must have received the parcel, I sent it by registered post.她一定已经收到包裹了，我是用挂号寄的。
(2) may have done, might have done, could have done “可能做过某事”，就语气而言could have done 所表的可能性更小些。
He may / might / could have left by nine.他可能于九点前已离去。
(3) should have done / ought to have done表示“本该做某事”但实际未做。
I should / ought to have left London before nine but I didn't.我本该在九点以前离开伦敦，但是我没有。
(4) shouldn't have done / oughtn't to have done 表示“本不该做事”，但实际上又做了。
He shouldn't / oughtn't to have left London before nine but he did.他本不该在九点前离开伦敦，但是他离开了。
情态动词+have-done的用法
“情态动词+have done”的用法2017/5/23一、“must have done” 一定做过某事表示对过去事情的肯定推测，该结构只用于肯定句。
1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。
2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant. 你和仆人说话，一定是发疯了。
二、“can’t have done” “couldn’t have done” 不可能做过某事表示对过去事情的否定推测，“couldn’t have done”较少使用。
1. Mr. Smith can’t have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now. 史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。
2. Mary can't have stolen your money. She has gone home. 玛丽不可能偷你的钱，她回家去了。
三、“could have done”1)表示猜测，“过去可能做过某事”,多用于疑问句；2)用于虚拟语气，意思是“本来能够做某事而没有做”。
What could have happened? 难道可能发生了什么事吗？This glass is cracked. Someone could have dropped it.这个玻璃杯破了。
可能是谁把它掉在地上了。
He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。
四．“can… have done”表示对发生过的事情的推测，用于疑问句中。
It`s so late. Where can she have gone?天晚了，她可能去哪儿了呢？五、“may have done”表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句中。
情态动词+have_done的用法
六、 “might+have+done”
• 表示对过去事情的推测，might与may意思相同， 表示对过去事情的推测， 意思相同， 与 意思相同 但可能性更小。多用于虚拟语气结构中。 但可能性更小。多用于虚拟语气结构中。 • • 1. He might have given you more help, even though he was busy. (MET90) 他或许会多给你一 些帮助，即使他很忙。 • 2. She might have achieved greater progress, if you had given her more chances. 如果你多给她 点机会e+done”
• 表示本来需要做某事而没有做。 。 “needn‘t+have+done”则表示“本来不需要做 某事而做了”。 • I needn‘t have bought so much wine—only five people came. 我本来没有必要买这么多酒，只来 了五个人。 • He need have hurried to the station. In that case, be wouldn't have missed the train. 他本来需要快 点去车站，那样的话，他就不会误了火车。
四、 “could+have+done”
最新“情态动词+have-done”讲解PPT课件
--- Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you. --- Thanks. you ___ it. I could manage it myself. (福建)
A. needn’t do C. mustn’t do
A. had said B. said C. might say D. might have said
答案D 本句考查的也是含蓄虚拟语气，意思是：如果 她参加了讨论，她可能会说出一些后来令她后悔的话。 表达了与过去事实相反的情况。
二、must have done 表示对过去已经发生过的情况的肯定推
A. must be C. should be
B. must have been D. should have been
答案B 本句的意思是：我昨天向你家里打的电话。这是对过 去情况的推测判断，应该用must have done结构
三、may/ might have done 也用于对已经发生过的情况的肯 定推测 判断，但语气稍弱，
（其实你告诉他们了）
1. There was a lot of fun at yesterday’s party. You ___ come, but why didn’t you? （上海）
A. must have B. should C. need have D. ought to have
本句的意思是：昨天的聚会很有意思，你本来应该 来的，可你为什么没来？表示“本应该做，而实际 上没有做的事情”应该用should/ ought to have done。 答案D。
巩固练习
2. He must have lived a happy life a few years ago, ____ he?
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would/ could/ should/ might have done
1.--- I stayed at a htel while in New
York.
--- Oh, did you? You ___ with
Barbara.
A. could have stay B. could stay
A. must be C. should be
B. must have been D. should have been
答案B关键词是didn’t，说明动作发生在过去，所以是 对已经发生过的情况的推测判断。
2. --- I rang your home yesterday. A man answered but I didn't recognize the voice. --- On, it ___ my brother, Peter.
C. would stay
D. must have stay
答案 A,本句是一个含蓄虚拟条件句，意思是：If you
had stay at a hotel while in New York, you could have stayed with Barbara. 表达了与过去事实相反的 情况。
2. Yesterday Jane walked away for discussion, otherwise, she ___ something she would regret later.
意思是“可能，或许……”。
她没能及时到达那儿。她可能没赶上 汽车。
She didn’t get there in time. She may have missed the bus.
他今天没来上课，他可能病了。
He didn’t come to school today. He might have been ill.
A. had said B. said C. might say D. might have said
答案D 本句考查的也是含蓄虚拟语气，意思是：如果 她参加了讨论，她可能会说出一些后来令她后悔的话。 表达了与过去事实相反的情况。
二、must have done 表示对过去已经发生过的情况的肯定推
“情态动词＋have done” 重点讲解
如果他学习努力， 他就会通过期末考 试了。
If he had worked hard, he would have passed the Final examination.
一、在虚拟条件句中，如果表示与过去 事实相反的情况，从句用过去完成时， 而主句中则用“情态动词＋现在完成 时”，
1. Sorry, I’m late. I ____ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.
A. might C. can
B. should D. will
2. The window was broken. Tom ____ have
测判断，语气较强， 意思是 “一定……、肯定……”
昨天晚上一定是下雨了，因为今早地 面是潮湿的。
It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet this morning.
1. I didn’t hear the phone. I ____ asleep.
这一定是一次不舒适的旅行。所以，本句表达的是对过去 否定的推测判断，应该用can’t/ could have done来表达。故 答案选D。
2. My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday, so he ____ your lecture.
A. couldn’t have attended B. needn’t have attended C. mustn’t have attended D. shouldn’t have attended
他通过考试了吗？ 不，他不可能通过考试。他学习不努力。
1. --- There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.
--- It ___ a comfortable journey.
A. can’t be
done that, for he was a little naughty.
A. could C. should
B. might D. ought to
四、如果对过去情况推测判断的句 子是疑问 句和否定句，只能用can／could和can’t,／ couldn’t。例如：
他不可能去国外，我一个小时前还见到他 呢。
A. must be C. should be
B. must have been D. should have been
答案B 本句的意思是：我昨天向你家里打的电话。这是对过 去情况的推测判断，应该用must have done结构
三、may/ might have done 也用于对已经发生过的情况的肯 定推测 判断，但语气稍弱，
B. shouldn’t be
C. mustn’t have been D. couldn’t have been
根据They were already five people in the car, but they managed to take me as well.一句中的时态，应该是对过去情况的推测 判断，因为车上已经有5位人了，在带上我一个，可以断定
He can’t have gone abroad; I saw him an hour ago.
He can’t have gone abroad; I saw him an hour ago.
他不可能去国外，我一个小时前还见到他 呢。 --- Can he have passed the exam? --- No, he can’t have. He didn’t work hard.