汉英古文翻译参考

汉英古文翻译参考

五柳先生传（注：2003年考题）

先生不知何许人也，亦不详其姓字。宅边有五柳树，因以为号焉。闲静少言，不慕荣利。好读书，不求甚解；每有会意，便欣然忘食。性嗜酒，家贫而不能常得。亲旧知其如此，或置酒而招之。造饮辄尽，期在必醉；既醉而退，曾不吝请去留。环睹萧然，不蔽风日。短褐穿结，箪瓢屡空。晏如也。常著文章自娱。颇示己志。忘怀得失，以此自终。《陶潜—陶渊明集》

Mr. Five Willows

No one knew where this gentleman came from and what his name was. There were five willows by his house; therefore he was named Mr. Five Willows. He was quiet and reserved, not envious of high position or great wealth. He enjoyed reading, but never tried hard to look for deeper meanings. Each time when he caught the point in a book, he would be in such high spirits that he would simply forget to have dinner. He was very fond of liquor but too poor to drink often. His old friends knew it, so they often invited him to have wine. He always drank to the bottom and got drunk. They he took his leave, and nobody minded.

For his whole life, he dwelled in a humble house, had scanty clothing, and always lacked food, but he lived in peace. Sometimes he entertained himself by writing to show his ideals, and he never cared for gain or loss.

苛政猛于虎（礼记工员檀弓）（注：2004年考题）

孔子过泰山侧，有妇人哭于墓者而哀。夫子式而听之。使子路问之曰：“子之哭也，壹似重有忧者？”

而曰：“然。昔者吾舅死于虎，吾夫又死焉，今吾子又死焉。”夫子曰：“何为不去也？”曰：“无苛政。”夫子曰：“小子识之，苛政猛于虎也。”

(孔子有一次乘车经过泰山旁边，在那边有一位妇女在坟前哭而且哭得很悲恸。孔子把手扶在车前横木上听她哭，派子路去问她说：“您的哭声听起来实在像有好几件伤心的事似的。”

那个女人就说：“您的话说对了。从前我的公公死在老虎口中（被老虎咬死了），后来我的丈夫又死在老虎口中；现在我的儿子又死在老虎口中了。”孔子说：“为什么不离开这儿呢？”女人说：“这儿没有暴虐的政治。”孔子说：“弟子们记住这句话，暴虐的政治比老虎更凶猛可怕。)

THAN A TIGER

Once when Confucius was passing near the foot of Mount Tai in a chariot, there was a married woman weeping at a grave mound, and dolorously too. Confucius politely rested his hands on the front rail of the chariot and listened to her weeping. He sent his disciple Zilu, to search for inquiry by saying:” From the sound of your weeping, it seems that you indeed have many troubles.”

Then the woman said:” It is true. My father-in-law died in a tiger‟s jaw; my husband also died there. Now, my son has also died there.” Confucius said,” Why do not you leave this place?” The woman said:” Here there is no harsh and oppressive government.” Confucius said,” Young men, take note of this: a tyrannic government is more ferocious and fearsome than even a tiger.”

矛盾(韩非子难一)

楚人有卖盾与矛者，誉之曰：“吾盾之坚，物莫能陷之。”以誉其矛曰：“吾矛之利，于物无不陷也。”或曰：“以子之矛陷子之盾，何如？”其人弗能应也。夫不可陷之盾与无不陷之矛不可同世而立。

SPEARS AND SHIELDS

There was a man of the state of Ch u who sold shields and spears. He bragged about his shields saying:” My shields are so hard that nothing can pierce through them .”He also bragged about his spears saying:” My spears are so sharp that there is nothing they cannot pierce through.” Someone said:” What would happen if people were to use your spears to pierce through your shields?‟ That person could not answer. Now, shields that cannot be pierced through and spears that can pierced through anything cannot exist at the sane time.

塞翁失马(淮南子人间)

近塞上之人有善术者，马无故亡而入胡，人皆吊之。其父曰：“此何遽不能为福乎？”居数月，其马将胡骏