从新婚姻法看我国“第三者”损害赔偿制度

学年论文（设计）

题目：从新婚姻法看我国“第三者”侵权损害赔偿制度学院：法学院

专业：法学

姓名：丛婧

指导教师：焦淑敏

完成日期：2010年11月29日

摘要

新《婚姻法》第四十六条规定了侵害配偶权的离婚过错损害赔偿制度，该制度的确立是经过修改后的婚姻法的一大亮点，标志着法律对婚姻当事人的合法权益的保护更进一步，使司法机关对相关案件进行裁判有了法律的依据。

然而，在实际生活中，“第三者”这一关系说起来是极为复杂的，正如人们常说“事出有因，查无实据”，轻则只是一时出轨，重则甚至接近重婚行为。婚姻法仅仅就达到重婚与同居程度的“第三者”侵权行为加以了法律上的规制，并且该规制仅仅停留在夫妻双方离婚的损害赔偿问题上。细细分析，夫妻之间互相忠实的义务，依然不能得到有效的保护。

法律规制“第三者”问题，是否有其必要性，又是否有可行性，相对的问题又如何得到解决，这些问题的深入探讨，是对我国在这一问题上的立法研究十分必要的。

在本文中，笔者将目前学界对该问题的研究和探讨加以综合与分析后，融入自己的想法与认识，作此文章，以表达对此制度的看法与建议。

全文共分为四大部分，第一部分是对“第三者”介入侵权的基本理论概述，“第三者”的概念厘清，“第三者”侵权的构成要件，“第三者”的分类三个方面着手，第二部分是“第三者”侵权法律救济的必要性，对其进行法律溯源即合理、合法性分析；第三部分为“第三者”法律责任的现行立法探讨·，最后，提出“第三者“法律责任的立法改进建议。

关键词：离婚损害赔偿制度；法定“第三者”、意定“第三者”；共同侵权；人身契约

Abstract

New "Marriage Law" against the forty-sixth article of the right to divorce their spouses fault compensation system, the system established by the revised law is a major bright spot, marking the legal marriage of the parties to further the protection of legitimate rights and interests, so that the judiciary to adjudicate the case with the relevant legal basis.

However, in real life, "third party" in the relationship that it is extremely complex, as is often said "good reason, no evidence is found", ranging from just a temporary derailment, while in a polygamous or even close. Marriage to bigamy and cohabitation only to the extent of the "third party" to the tort law regulation, and the regulation only stay in the couple divorced the question of damages. Careful analysis, the obligation to be faithful couples still can not be effectively protected. Legal Regulation "third party" issue, whether it is necessary, and whether there are feasible and how the problem is relatively solved these problems in-depth study of our country's legislation on the issue of very necessary.

In this article, the author will present academic research and discussion of the issue to be integrated and analyzed, into their thoughts and understanding for this article, to express the views and suggestions on this system.

The thesis is divided into four parts, first part is the "third party" involved in an overview of the basic theory of infringement, "third party" to clarify the concept of "third party" Elements of infringement, "third party" category three aspects, the second part is the "third party" the need for tort relief, its reasonable legal traceability that is, legitimacy analysis; third part is the "third party" liability of the existing legislation, Finally, "third party" liability of the legislative recommendations for improvement.

Keywords: Divorce Damage; statutory "third party", meaning be "third party"; contributory infringement; personal contract