动词不定式充当主语

动词不定式充当主语

一．动词不定式的基本构成：to do sth （既to+动词原形）

二．动词不定式常放在句首做主语(注意:动词常用第三人称单数形式).

To be a doctor is my dream. To work hard brings success. To do the job well is easy.

主 系 表 主 谓 宾 主 系 表

三．为了避免句子头重脚轻,特别是在口语中,常用it 作形式主语代替动词不定式放在句首,真正的主语既动词不定式放在后面.

To be a doctor is my dream.

It is my dream to be a doctor. 形主 系 表 真正主语

To do the job well is easy. It is easy to do the job well. 形主 系 表 真正主语 翻译时,先译动词不定式,it 的含义可不译出.

It took us five hours to get there.(到那花了我五个小时)

It made me happy to find my friends there.(发现我的朋友,使我很高兴)

在形容词后常用这种结构,要强调动词不定式动作的执行者,就在不定式前加for sb 或 of sb (区别详见下表)

四．典型例题：

1. ＿＿＿is easy ，＿＿＿is hard.

A. To say; do

B. To say; to do

C.Saying ; to do.

D.To say; doing 2. To receive is good. To give is better. (合并为一句)

＿＿＿is ＿＿＿＿to give than to receive.

3. It is bad ＿＿＿＿when you do some shopping.

A .to be polite B. stand in a line C. jump the queue D. to jump the queue 4. To knock at the door before coming in is polite. (同义句)

＿＿＿is polite ＿＿＿ ＿＿＿at the door before coming in. 5. I think to work as a doctor is interesting. (同义句)

I think ＿＿＿ ＿＿＿interesting ＿＿＿ ＿＿＿ as a doctor. 6. I don ’t know when we shall leave for Beijing. (改为简单句)

I don ’t know when ＿＿＿ ＿＿＿ for Beijing.