高考英语重点语法复习反义疑问句

反义疑问句

反义疑问句（The Disjunctive Question）又叫附加疑问句(Tag Question)。在口语中，反义疑问句用于发起谈话、询问信息或是礼貌的请求别人去做某件事。反义疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。

总体规则

一、反义疑问句的语调

1、在说话人知道问题的答案，使用反义疑问句表示请求赞同时，后面的反义疑问句部分用降调。

That film was fantastic, wasn't it? ↘

2、在说话人不明确问题的答案，使用反义疑问句表示说话人需要核实信息时，后面的反义疑问句部分用升调。

You don't know where the boss is, do you? ↗

二、反意疑问句中的对应规则：

1、反意疑问句中问句部分的谓语动词与陈述部分的谓语动词在语气上成相反的对应关系，即：肯定+否定？否定+肯定？

①You can’t do it, can you?

②They are very late for the meeting, aren’t they?

2、反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词种类要对应一致。如：

①He has supper at home every day, doesn’t he? (不能用hasn’t he?)

②They have known the matter, haven’t they? (不能用don’t they?)

3、反意疑问句中问句部分的动词在时态上应和陈述部分的时态一致。如：

①They will go to town soon, won’t they? (不能用don’t they?或aren’t they?)

②He works very hard, doesn’t he? (不能用didn’t he?或won’t he?)

注：当陈述部分是I think 加从句时，疑问句应和从句的人称时态保持一致。

I think chickens can swim, can’t they?

I think Lucy is a good girl, isn’t she?

I didn't think he was happy, was he?

三、反义疑问句中主语变化规则

4、陈述部分的主语是everybody, everyone, someone, no one, nobody, somebody 等合成词或词组时，反意疑问句部分的主语在非正式文体中，往往用they，有时也用he；而当陈述部分的主语是指示代词或不定代词this, that, everything, nothing, something等时，反意疑问句部分的主语用it。

①Everyone is ready for the experiment, aren’t they （isn’t he）?

②Neither side can win, can they （can he）?

5、当陈述部分以one不定代词做主语时，附加问句的主语在正式常场用one或you，非正式场合用he。

One should always be ready to help those in trouble, shouldn’t one/you? 每个人都应该随时准备帮助那些有困难的人，是吗？

One must serve the people heart and soul, mustn't he? 每个人都必须要全心全意为人们服务，不应该吗？

6、当陈述部分的主语是不定式、动名词、从句、this或that，反义疑问句的主语用it。（是those, these则用they）

①To learn English well is quite bene ficial to our future, isn’t it?

②Developing a good habit is very important for us students to learn our lessons well, isn’t it?

③That he doesn’t work very hard makes his parents worried, doesn’t it?

④This is important, isn’t it?

⑤That isn’t correct, is it?

⑥These are your friends Tom and Jack, aren’t they?

7、当陈述部分的主语是表示物的不定代词everything, anything, nothing等，反义疑问句的主语用it。

Something is wrong with your notebook, isn’t it? 你的笔记本电脑坏了，是吗？

8、陈述部分的主语是none of…时，反义疑问句部分的主语应与of后的名词或代词保持一致。

①None of the students went there, did they?

②None of the dish smells good, does it?

四、反义疑问句部分肯定和否定形式的判断规则

9、陈述部分带有否定词或半否定词，例如：barely, few, little, never, hardly, scarcely, seldom, no, none, no one, rarely, nowhere, nothing, nobody, few, little等，反义疑问句的动词要用肯定形式。

①There are few apples in the basket, are there?

②He can hardly swim, can he?

③They seldom come late, do they?

10、如果陈述部分中的否定词仅带有否定的前缀或后缀，此类词不属于否定词，那么该陈述句应作肯定句处理，反义疑问句应用否定形式。

①Your father is unhappy, isn’t he?(不能用is he?)

②The man is dishonest, isn’t he? (不能用is he?)