2020版 创新设计 高考总复习 英语 (外研版)第一部分 教材知识梳理第一部分 必修三 Module 6

Modul e 6Ol d and New
狂背单词////////////////////////////////////////////
Ⅰ.单词语境记忆
1.date from the Ming Dynasty始于明朝
2.remove historical relics 搬迁历史文物
3.a sentence structure句子结构
4.generate electricity 发电
5.historical relics历史遗迹
6.the submerged field 被淹没的田地
7.civil airport 民用机场
8.the Three－Gorges Dam三峡大坝
9.the longest canal in the world 世界上最长的运河
10.a news bulletin短新闻
Ⅱ.词性转换与派生记忆
1.poem n.诗；诗歌→poet n.诗人
2.global adj.全球的→globe n.地球；地球仪
3.observatory n.观察台→observe v t.观察→observation n.观察
4.engineering n.(土木)工程→engineer n.工程师
5.accommodate v t.容纳(乘客等)→accommodation n.住处，工作场所
6.construction n.建造；建设；建筑→construct v t.建设；建造
7.historical adj.历史的；有关历史的→historic adj.具有历史意义的→history n.历史
8.narrow adj.狭窄的v.变窄→narrowly ad v.狭窄地；勉强地
9.freezing adj.冷冰冰的；极冷的→frozen adj.凝固的；冻僵的→freeze v.使凝固
10.foggy adj.有浓雾的→fog n.雾
11.enormous adj.巨大的；庞大的→enormously ad v.巨大地；庞大地
12.ridiculous adj.荒唐的；可笑的→ridiculously ad v.荒唐地；可笑地
13.carving n.(尤指木头、象牙等的)雕刻(品)→carve v t.雕刻
『联想记忆』
1.含后缀－al单词荟萃
①regional adj.地区性的
②rural adj. 乡村的
③moral adj. 道德的
④equal adj. 平等的
2.合成名词(v.＋n.)一览
①watchtower n. 瞭望塔
②playground n. 操场
③pickpocket n. 扒手
④copyright n. 版权；著作权
3.由canal想到的
①strait n. 海峡
②reservoir n. 水库
③pool n. 池塘
④ocean n. 海洋
⑤stream n. 小溪
⑥channel n. 海峡
4.“冷暖”知多少
①freezing adj. 冷冰冰的
②icy adj. 冰冷的
③cold adj. 寒冷的
④hot adj. 热的
⑤cool adj. 凉的
⑥warm adj. 温暖的
狂背短语//////////////////////////////////////////////////////
『短语背诵』
1.date from起源于
2.of all time 有史以来
3.now that 既然
4.dream of/about 梦想
5.hold back 阻止；抑制；隐瞒
e true (梦想等)变成现实
7.make sense 有意义；有道理
8.crash into 撞上
『词块积累』
1.within five hours’ flying time5小时航程之内
2.live a happy life 过着幸福的生活
3.in September，2001 在2001年9月
4.on a clear day 在晴朗的天气
5.bring an end to 结束；终止
6.be on a visit to 正对……进行访问
7.of great importance 很重要
8.a large amount of 大量的
狂背佳句//////////////////////////////////////////////////////
1.It took six years to build and cost US $20 billion.它花费了6年的时间才建成，耗资200亿美元。

2.Is it possible to see the relics now that they have been submerged?
既然这些遗迹都已被淹没，还有可能再看到它们吗？
3.Why do you think there are so many tall buildings in the world now?
你认为为什么现在世界上有这么多的高层建筑？
4.It is the largest hydro－electric power station and dam in the world and has cost more than any other construction project in history.
它(三峡大坝)是世界上最大的水力发电站和大坝，其建造费用超过了历史上任何一个其他建筑工程的费用。

Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.I think it is necessary for a language learner to analyze the sentence structures (结构) when reading an article.
2.It is reported that the newly－built airport in Beijing can accommodate(容纳) more people than the old one.
3.Every time the Spring Festival is coming，the terminal (候机厅) is crowded with many people returning home.
4.As we all suggest，the road needs to be broadened because it is too narrow (狭窄的) to allow two cars to pass at the same time.
5.The farmers found some cultural relics (遗迹) of ancient times when they were farming on the mountainous area.
6.It’s said that Mrs Smith has been removed (免职) from her position as managing director.
7.Of the six people in the plane that crashed (坠毁)，only one survived.
8.Don’t you think it is a ridiculous (荒唐的) idea to make petrol from water?
9.An enormous (巨大的) amount of money has already been wasted on this project.
10.The needle treatment dating (始于) from the ancient times has cured many diseases.
Ⅱ.词性变化练习
1.My sister Susan has made up her mind to major in engineering (engineer) at the university.
2.It is generally acknowledged that the bridge under construction(construct) links the village to the town.
3.There is an observatory (observe) at the top of the tower for people to observe stars and the sky.
4.How dangerous! We narrowly (narrow) avoided an accident just now.
5.The winter in my hometown is so extremely freezing (freeze) that everything
outside can be frozen.
6.We should try to follow the historical (history) trend and keep pace with the development of society.
7.Greenhouse Effect is not something of one country but a global (globe) problem.In other words，protecting the environment is the duty of every human being.
8.You can’t be more cautious of driving today for the weather is foggy (fog) outside.
Ⅲ.选词填空
1.I have been searching for a kind of chair designed_to make the old more comfortable when they sit for a long time.
2.This kind of tradition dating_from Tang Dynasty is replaced by a new life style with the development of society.
3.I don’t think it makes_sense to buy that expensive coat when those cheaper ones are just as good.
4.Believe it or not，I am excited to have my own house now for I never think my dream could come_true so soon.
5.The man tried to hold_back his anger when he knew he met unfair treatment，but in vain.
6.I have dreamt_of becoming a responsible English teacher like my father since I was a child.
7.They brought_an_end_to the meeting after three hours without reaching any agreement yesterday afternoon.
8.As far as I am concerned，the math problem is very difficult for the junior students to work_out.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.The reason why people prefer to see films is that
it_takes_less_time_to_understand the whole story in the film.
人们喜欢看电影的原因是在电影中花费更少的时间就能理解整个故事情节。

2.Is_it_possible_for_you_to_take an earlier bus next time?
下次你有可能搭乘早一点的公交车吗？
3.Which_part_of_this_book_do_you_think is the most interesting?
这本书中你认为哪一部分最有趣？
4.Lily is more_diligent_than_any_other_student in her class.
莉莉比班里其他的任何一个学生都勤奋。

核心要点突破
1.date v i.始于(某一历史时期) v t.确定……的年代；注明日期于n.日期；约会
(1)date from/back to起源于；追溯到……
(2)set a date for 确定……的日期
out of date 过时的
up to date 现代的；最新的
单句语法填空
①Most Chinese people like the fairy tale of Cowboy and Weaving girl，which dates from the Han Dynasty.
②The news you told me was out of date but you thought it was up to date. [佳句背诵] I became a member of the company dating back to 1925.
我成了这家公司的一员，该公司创始于1925年。

[名师指津] date from/back to常指以“现在”为起点向前推，故在句中作谓语时，常用一般现在时。

它们没有进行时态，也没有被动形式。

故它们用作定语时，要用现在分词形式。

2.accommodate v t.容纳(乘客等)；供应；使适应；迁就；向……提供v i.适应(1)accommodate...to...使……适合/迁就/迎合……
accommodate sb with sth 向某人提供某物
单句语法填空/一句多译
①I’d also like to know how much I have to pay for the c ourse and whether accommodation (accommodate) is included.
②我们应该使自己适应不断变化的形势。

→We should accommodate_ourselves_to the changing situation.
→We should adapt_ourselves_to the changing situation.
→We should adjust_ourselves_to the changing situation.
→We should accustom_ourselves_to the changing situation.
[佳句背诵] He will accommodate me with the use of his house while he is abroad. 他出国期间让我使用他的房子。

3.narrow adj.狭窄的；狭隘的；勉强的v.(使)变窄；缩小
单句语法填空/一句多译
①The final score of the basketball match was 93∶94.We were narrowly (narrow) beaten.
②这个孩子从船上掉入水中，险些淹死。

→The child had_a_narrow_escape from drowning when he fell overboard.
→The child narrowly_escaped being drowned when he fell overboard.
[佳句背诵] The young man has won the election by a narrow majority.
这个年轻人以微弱的多数票赢得了这次选举。

4.make sense有意义；有道理；讲得通，可理解
单句语法填空
①There are so many new words in the passage that I could hardly make any sense of them at all.
②There is no sense in complaining (complain).We should take action now. [佳句背诵] See，your computer has broken down again! It doesn’t make sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.(天津高考单选) 瞧，你的电脑又坏了！只是为了省一点钱买最便宜牌子的电脑没有意义。

5.bring an end to结束；终止
单句语法填空
①The long cruel winter came to an end at last，and then came a gentle warm spring.
②We studied for final exams for hours on end.
[佳句背诵] Winning the competition brought an end to his financial problems. 赢得这次比赛让他摆脱了经济问题。

6.It takes (sb) some time to do sth
It took six years to build and cost US $20 billion.(教材原句)
它花费了6年的时间才建成，耗资200亿美元。

It takes (sb) some time to do sth意为“(某人)花费时间做某事”，it在句中为形式主语，后面的不定式短语to do sth是句子的真正主语。

此外，take还表示“需要”。

(1)sb spend some time/money (in) doing/on sth某人花费多少时间/金钱做某事
(2)(doing) sth cost (sb) some time/money (做)某事/物花费(某人)多少时间/金钱
(3)sb pay some money for sth某人为某事/物付给某人多少钱/某人花费多少金钱为某事
①As a member of the society，I am aware that being responsible is what it takes to make a better society.(湖北高考书面表达)
作为社会的一员，我意识到为了建设更好的社会需要责任感。

②The watch was very good，and he paid 20 percent down for it.
③A month before the event，I spent hours working (work) out a schedule outlining my goals and practical steps.(2016·浙江高考书面表达)
④The park was crowded，so finding an available site cost/took us some time.
→The park was crowded，so it took_us_some_time_to_find an available site. →The park was crowded，so we spent_some_time_(in)_finding an available site.
考纲词汇专练
Ⅰ.多义词专练——选择语境中加黑词汇的含义
1.remove
v t.去除，移开；拿走；开除；免职；脱去(衣物)；搬迁
①If a nest has four eggs and you remove one，the bird will not notice.拿走
②He removed his jacket when he arrived home.脱去
③He was severely criticized and removed from his post.免职
④The agreement removes the last serious obstacle to the signing of the treaty.去除
⑤Three children were removed from school for bad behaviors.开除
2.hold back
①The police had to use force to hold back the crowd.阻止
②Hearing the bad news，I couldn’t hold back my tears.抑制
③You shouldn’t hold anything back from us; we want to know the whole story.隐瞒
④Farmers apparently hold back produce in the hope that prices will rise.储备；保留Ⅱ.微阅读——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义
1.Our proposal tries to accommodate the special needs of minority groups.顾及；考虑到
2.Many of the images were stored in an ice chest，under freezing water，in the damaged wooden ship.
(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)冷冰冰的；极冷的
3.When they say something silly or do something ridiculous，there is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their “story” alive forever.
(北京高考)可笑的
Ⅲ.微完形——根据语境选出合适的词语
1.One of the most common ways in which people control rivers is by damming them.The past 50 years or so has seen an increase in dam _①_ worldwide，and at the beginning of the 21st century，there were about 800，000 _②_ globally，some towering more than 200 meters in height.
①A.exhibition B.construction
C.design
D.structure
②A.dams B.reservoir
C.watchtower
D.observatory
答案①B②A
2.The city government once held a discussion on whether to remove the old temple
and build a park there.Some people thought it _①_ to do so because they thought only in this way could their dream of improving life come true，while others tried to hold it back because they thought this old temple deserved protecting.The officials tried to _②_ the disagreements between the two sides，but their efforts were in vain.As neither side wanted to give in，they had to bring an end to the discussion.
①A.make sure B.make progress
C.made sense
D.make a decision
②A.encourage B.enlarge
C.end
D.narrow
答案①C②D
Ⅰ.在空白处填入1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式——热考常考
1.The house dating (date) from the 19th century cost far more than expected.
2.The flight was called off because of the foggy (fog) weather.
3.As for me，it is not when to do the task but how to do it that is of great importance.
4.When she returned home，the inventor found that her computer
had_been_removed (remove) and she was very confused.
5.Ted never dreamt of being_offered (offer) a chance to study abroad soon.
6.You have already contributed greatly to the construction (construct) of this building.
7.It took me quite a long time to_improve (improve) my living conditions.
8.The problem of global (globe) warming should be paid special attention to.
Ⅱ.用所给动词的正确形式填空——不规则变化
1.His sudden visit yesterday afternoon brought (bring) an end to the meeting.
2.We will never be_held (hold) back by difficulties，however great they are!
3.It was so cold that the cold weather froze (freeze) the lake.
Ⅲ.改正下列句子中的唯一错误——易错易混
1.The building due to be completed at the end of this month is still in
construction.in→under
2.If I were in the position of the headmaster，I would make every effort to bring end to cheating in exams.bring后加an
3.That is possible for him to be equal to doing the job.That→It
4.To their relief，their students narrow escaped from the shaking
building.narrow→narrowly
5.Most of the poem are based on real life，which are all very
interesting.poem→poems
6.I hate it when the weather here becomes frozen cold because there is no heater inside.frozen→freezing
7.His dream of becoming a famous adviser has already been come true.去掉been
8.Planning so far ahead makes no senses—so many things will have changed by next year.senses→sense
Ⅳ.根据语境选出加黑词的正确含义——熟词生义
A.support
B.stay still
C.offer
1.When faced with so many options，the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.(全国卷Ⅱ)B
2.To make more profits，many restaurants are willing to accommodate special orders.C
Ⅰ.完形填空
My name is Molly Cain.I am a traumatic (外伤的) brain injury (TBI) _1_.Almost five years ago，I had a(n) _2_ in my home.I _3_ a flight of stairs crashing my face on the corner table.I was found _4_ at the bottom of the stairs in a coma(昏迷).
I wanted my life back as soon as possible.Except，at the time，I did not _5_ what a traumatic brain injury involved.Every day my accident became a little more real.I had to _6_ how to talk，walk，eat，etc.
In 2016，I took a leap of faith and _7_ my job doing Marketing and Development，to achieve my purpose with great _8_.I had no landing place and only a vision (幻想)，_9_ I went for it.I decided to _10_ a nonprofit organization raising TBI awareness.This is the beauty in life—we can work towards our goal.However，so often we worry about the“how”and get _11_ for the unknown._12_ I had worried for one sec ond about the “how” this past year，I would not be able to _13_ that I am the CEO of SMILE # UWokeUp.
Four years ago，my mom was _14_ by my doctors that I probably would not wake up and if I did，I probably would not be able to live _15_.22 days later，I woke up from my coma but I also woke up to a new life.
My point is no matter what we are told，we cannot _16_.You have the power to do anything you see fit；it just may not be in the way that you envisioned it._17_，chances are it will be even better.
Now I am back to running and snowboarding.Obstacles(障碍) will never stop being thrown in our way and we have to keep _18_ no matter what.Do not give up hope and keep your _19_.Remember attitude is everything and will play the biggest role，while _20_ is the opposite of faith.
【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。

作者讲述了自己因摔下楼梯患外伤性脑损伤后努力恢复、追逐梦想的故事。

1.A.survivor B.researcher
C.student
D.doctor
答案A[由前两段及第四段中的I woke up from my coma but I also woke up to
a new life可知，作者是外伤性脑损伤疾病的“幸存者(survivor)”。

]
2.A.fever B.appointment
C.accident
D.party
答案C[由下文的I...a flight of stairs crashing my face on the corner table可知，作者在家遭遇了一次“事故(accident)”。

]
3.A.built B.climbed up
C.cleaned
D.fell down
答案D[由下文的crashing my face on the corner table可知，作者从楼梯上“摔倒(fell down)”掉了下来。

]
4.A.sitting B.crying
C.playing
D.lying
答案D[由下文的in a coma可推断，作者被人发现时“躺(lying)”在楼梯底端，陷入了昏迷。

]
5.A.believe B.realize
C.guess
D.imagine
答案B[由下文的Every day my accident became a little more real可推断，作者当时只想尽快恢复原来的生活，却没有“意识到(realize)”外伤性脑损伤意味着什么。

]
6.A.forget B.relearn
C.decide
D.think
答案B[作者患外伤性脑损伤后不得不“重新学习(relearn)”如何说话、走路、吃饭等。

]
7.A.left B.found
C.lost
D.kept
答案A[解析见下题。

]
8.A.bitterness B.pressure
C.enthusiasm
D.sympathy
答案C[由下文的I decided to...a nonprofit organization raising TBI awareness 可推断，2016年作者信心倍增，“辞去了(left)”自己原来的工作，开始带着极大的“热情(enthusiasm)”为新的目标努力。

]
9.A.and B.so
C.but
D.or
答案C[作者对未来的事业并不很确定，只是有一个初步的幻想，“但是(but)”他还是要试试。

]
10.A.change B.help
C.join
D.start
答案D[由第三段末的I am the CEO of SMILE # UWokeUp可推测，作者决定“创办(start)”一个非营利组织，以提高人们对外伤性脑损伤这种疾病的认识。

]
11.A.serious B.busy
C.anxious
D.excited
答案C[人生的美在于我们可以为目标而努力。

然而，我们总是担心如何才能达到目标，并为未知的事情变得“焦虑(anxious)”。

]
12.A.As B.Although
C.Unless
D.If
答案D[解析见下题。

]
13.A.doubt B.hope
C.feel
D.say
答案D[此处作者强调不要总是担心事情如何才能成功以至于畏首畏尾，一事无成。

“如果(If)”过去的一年里作者有一秒钟的时间担心如何成功，他现在就不能够自豪地“说(say)”自己是一个非营利组织的首席执行官了。

]
14.A.told B.promised
C.expected
D.permitted
答案A[四年前，医生“告诉(told)”作者的母亲他可能不会醒过来了。

]
15.A.independently B.modestly
C.gratefully
D.courageously
答案A[由第二段末的I had to...how to talk，walk，eat，etc.可推测，四年前医生认为即便作者醒过来也很可能不能“独立(independently)”生活。

]
16.A.hold on B.give up
C.calm down
D.show off
答案B[由上文作者的经历可知，无论别人怎么说，自己都不能“放弃(give up)”。

]
17.A.Besides B.However
C.Therefore
D.Otherwise
答案B[你有能力去做自己认为合适的事情，尽管事情的发展可能与我们预期的不一样。

“然而(However)”，有可能事情比我们预想的还要好。

]
18.A.working B.studying
C.trying
D.running
答案C[人生之路不会是一帆风顺的，无论怎样我们都要一直“努力(trying)”。

]
19.A.word B.faith
C.secret
D.health
答案B[由上文的Do not give up hope可知，此处是说要保护自己的“信念(faith)”。

下文的the opposite of faith也是提示。

]
20.A.fear B.pain
C.shame
D.anger
答案A[作者在第三段中反复强调不要过分焦虑、害怕失败，要勇于尝试。

故此处应该是说态度决定一切，对未知和失败的“恐惧(fear)”会让人丧失信念，是不可取的。

]
Ⅱ.语法填空
Most of us are familiar with the “Silk Road”，a network of land trading routes
which connected northwestern China to Europe since the Han dynasty. With its recent 1.____(popular), you may have heard of the “Ancient Tea Horse Road” as well, another network of land trading routes that connected China to various
2.____(part) of Asia and Europe before sailing became common. Historically, the “Ancient Tea Horse Road” is no less
3.____(value) than the “Silk Road”.And because of their respective locations(位置), sometimes the “Ancient Tea Horse Road”
4.____(refer) to as the “Southern Silk Road”.
The “Ancient Tea Horse Road” got its name as Chinese tea and horses were the main products 5.____(buy) and sold along the route. Historians have traced the origins of the “Ancient Tea Horse Road” back to the Tang dynasty，6.____ tea was being transported out of Yunnan to Beijing, Tibet, and other places. The “Ancient Tea Horse Road” was 7.____(far) developed during the Song and Ming dynasties, and remained 8.____ busy trading route all year round until the Qing dynasty.
The “Ancient Tea Horse Road” served 9.____ not only a trading route, but also a bridge connecting different races—such as Han and the Tibetan people. It is located near the “Roof of the World”，and is where many minority groups are located，10.____(make) it a spot of many attractions.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了茶马古道的相关情况。

1.popularity[考查词形转换。

空前是形容词，且形容词前是形容词性物主代词its，后面应接popular的名词形式。

popularity “受欢迎”。

]
2.parts[考查名词复数。

空处无限定词修饰，且part “区域，地区”为可数名词，故填parts。

]
3.valuable[考查词形转换。

根据空前的the “Ancient Tea Horse Road” is no less 和空后的than可知，空处应填形容词。

根据语境可知，此处表示茶马古道的重要性并不低于丝绸之路，故填valuable “很重要的”。

]
4.is referred[考查动词时态和语态。

此处描述的是现在的客观情况，应该用一
般现在时，主语与refer to之间是被动关系，故要用被动语态。

]
5.bought[考查非谓语动词。

动词buy与前面的名词products构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用过去分词形式作后置定语，表示被动。

注意：and后的sold也是暗示。

]
6.when[考查非限制性定语从句。

when为关系副词，在此引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面表示时间的先行词the Tang dynasty，并在从句中作时间状语。

]
7.further[考查副词比较级。

根据语境可知，此处说的是茶马古道的进一步发展情况，而far的比较级有两种形式：farther和further。

在指距离的远近时，两者都可用，但是当用来表示“进一步”的意义时，只能用further。

]
8.a[考查冠词。

根据语境可知，此处说的是直到清代为止，茶马古道都是一条全年繁忙的贸易路线。

此处表泛指，又busy的发音以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。

]
9.as[考查介词。

serve as sth “可用作，可当……使”，故填介词as。

as表示“作为”。

]
10.making[考查非谓语动词。

分析句子结构可知，此处的非谓语动词短语作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，故用现在分词making。

]
Ⅰ.短文改错
Marva Speed－Copeland is a woman of strength and compassion who always helps the others.While my life took a bad turn in my two year of high school，she set me straight.I hang out with some guys who skipped school and got bad grade.She did everything to help me get back on track.In addition，she would visit my school and turn to my teachers help.She always puts others’ feelings and needs above her.Marva is one of my best friends，to who I can tell everything.People remember her warm
and always say excellent things about her.I was totally moved by her while I was watching over.
答案
Marva Speed－Copeland is a woman of strength and compassion who always helps
the others.While
When my life took a bad turn in my
two
second year of high school，she set
me straight.I hang
hung out with some guys who skipped school and got bad
grade
grades.She
did everything to help me get back on track.In addition，she would visit my school and turn to my teachers help.She always puts others’ feelings and need s above
her
hers.Marva is one of my best friends，to
who
whom I can tell everything.People
remember her
warm
warmth and always say excellent things about her.I was totally
moved by her while I was watching watched over.
Ⅱ.书面表达
假设你校学生会定于4月10日组织一次高三学生的登山活动，请根据下面表格内容，以学生会的名义用英语写一则通知，欢迎同学们积极参加。

目的锻炼身体，放松心情
地点邙山
内容与要求1.早上7：20在校门口乘公交车出发，晚上7：00返回；
2.上午登山，中午在山顶野餐，下午分组自由活动；
3.拍照、记录，之后参加校摄影展或征文比赛。

温馨提示1.自带午餐和饮用水；
2.4月5日前到学生会报名。

注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.通知的格式已为你写好，不计入总词数。

参考词汇：邙山Mangshan Mountain；报名sign up；征文比赛essay contest
Notice
Student Union
March 30 【参考范文】
Notice
In order to encourage Senior Three students to take exercise and relax themselves，we’re going to organize a mountain－climbing activity on April 10.We’re to gather at the school gate and start at 7：20 a.m.by bus and get back at 7：00 p.m.We’ll climb Mangshan Mountain in the morning，on the top of which we’ll have a picnic at noon.In the afternoon we’ll be divided into groups and have free time to enjoy ourselves.Remember to take photos and make notes for the photo exhibition or the essay contest to be held later at our school.Besides，take your lunch and drinking water with you.If you want to join，please come to Student Union and sign up before April 5.
Student_Union
March_30。