新编大学英语5Unit1-6课文语言点整理
新编大学英语5Unit1-6课文语言点整理
《新编大学英语5》1－6单元语言点整理英语教育学院薛媛6803612011-12-16Unit 11. agent (Line 2) n.[C] a means of …手段，途径1) a person who acts for or represents another，代理人e.g. Please contact our agent in Spain for further information.travel agent 旅行社经纪人real estate agent 地产经纪人agency.e.g. an employment agency2) a person or thing that produces a particular effect or change 产生某种效果的人力或物质a chemical agent, oxidizing agents化学制剂，氧化剂a cleaning agent除垢剂a FBI (secret) agent (= a spy) 密探2. subject (Line3, para.1)A. n. [C]1) a person who lives in or whohas the right to live in aparticular country, especially acountry with a king or queen:臣民，公民E.g. She is Italian by birth and a British subject by marriage.2) 主题，对象，科目Eg. a. What did he say on the subject of age?b. His appearance was the subject for some critical comments.3) subject for sth. 引起某种情感或行为的人或物a subject for pity, ridicule, jealousyB. subject (adj.)subject to sth./sb.:1) obliged to obey sth./sb.; under the authority o sth./sb. 服从，受支配E.g. a. Everyone is subject to the law.b. The arrangements are subject to change at short notice.c. All such gatherings are subject to the laws on political meetings.d. His hiring is subject to your approval.2) often having, suffering or undergoing sth.; liable to sth.. 常患或常遭受某事物；倾向某事物E.g. Are you subject to colds?The plan is subject to alteration. 计划可能有变。
新编英语教程5 课文+翻译(unit1~15)(学生必备)
Unit 1 hit the nail on the head 恰到好处Have you ever watched a clumsy man hammering a nail into a box? He hits it first to one side, then to another, perhaps knocking it over completely, so that in the end he only gets half of it into the wood. A skillful carpenter, on the other hand, will drive the nail with a few firm, deft blows, hitting it each time squarely on the head. So with language; the good craftsman will choose words that drive home his point firmly and exactly. A word that is more or less right, a loose phrase, an ambiguous expression, a vague adjective（模糊的形容词）, will not satisfy a writer who aims at clean English. He will try always to get the word that is completely right for his purpose.你见过一个笨手笨脚的男人往箱子上钉钉子吗？只见他左敲敲，右敲敲，说不准还会将整个钉子锤翻，结果敲来敲去到头来只敲进了半截。
而娴熟的木匠就不这么干。
他每敲一下都会坚实巧妙地正对着钉头落下去，一钉到底。
语言也是如此。
新编英语教程5课文翻译(标准)
Unit Three: 我的朋友阿尔伯特.爱因斯坦1)虽然阿尔伯特.爱因斯坦是迄今为止世界上最伟大的科学家之一，但如果要我用一个词来描述他的话我会选择纯朴。
或者有关他的一些轶事能让你理解我为什么这么说。
有一次，遇上了倾盆大雨，他摘下帽子揣在衣服下面。
别人问他为什么，他以令人钦佩的逻辑解释说，雨会淋坏帽子，而他的头发淋湿了却不会坏。
这种直达问题核心的诀窍以及他对美非同寻常的感知就是他主要科学发现的秘密所在。
2)1935年，在坐落于新泽西著名的普林斯顿高级研究院，我第一次见到阿尔伯特.爱因斯坦。
他是第一批被该院邀请的人，在工资方面学院任由他提条件。
令院长惊鄂的是，爱因斯坦要求的薪水简直办不到---- 他要得太少了。
院长不得不恳求他接受一个大一些的数目。
3)我对爱因斯坦很敬畏，犹豫再三才就我一直在考虑的一些想法向他请教。
当我终于鼓起勇气敲响他的门时，听到一个温和的声音说：“进来。
”声调有些上扬，带有欢迎和询问的语气。
我走进他的办公室，看见他坐在桌子旁边，一边抽着烟斗一边算着什么。
他的衣服很不合身，头发乱蓬蓬的，极具个性，向我热情地微笑着表示欢迎我的到来。
他的平易自然立刻让我放松了下来。
4)当我开始阐述自己的见解时，他叫我把方程式写在黑板上，这样他就能明白它们是怎么展开。
接着他提出了一个令人惊鄂但又非常可爱的请求：“请你漫漫地写，我理解东西不快。
”这种话竟出自爱因斯坦之口！他说得很温和，我笑了。
从此残留的畏惧之情都烟消云散了。
5)爱因斯坦于1879年出生在德国的乌尔姆市。
他并非神童式的人物。
事实上他说话很晚，他的父母甚至担心他是弱、智儿。
上学后,虽然老师们看不出他有什么天分，但天才的迹象已经显露。
例如，他自学微积分，老师们有些怕他，因为他总问些他们回答不出的问题。
因此，十六岁时他就问自己是否当人跟着光波跑得一样快的时候它会好像是静止的。
由这一天真的问题的引发，十年之后他创立了相对论。
6)爱因斯坦没有通过苏黎士瑞士联邦工艺学校的入学考试，但在一年后被录取了。
新编大学英语5知识要点
Unit 1Section AVocabulary1.They felt that the aggressive behavior and attention-seeking which are more prevalent among males should not be reinforced by teacher responses.2.The ideology of enterprise culture has finally permeated the remaining institutions of British cultural life.3. He warned that authorities would not hesitate to take decisive action against any groups or individuals that contemplateda disturbance of the peace.4. Truly, there is no such thing as a “free lunch”; every decision has its own inherent problems.5. It was in the middle of the busiest city in Europe, with noise, exhaust fumes and literally thousands of bodies all within yards.6. Having children so early in their marriage was a mixed blessing.7. Politically they tend to be unstable, with very high birth rates but poor education and very low levels of literacy.8. Two contrasting colors such as blue and yellow can look effective when freely mingled , each intensifying the impact of the other.9. The period of the flood and directly afterwards had become completely distorted in her mind.10. Colleagues and pupils thought of him as formidable; a few found him frightening; a few found him affable.11. The scheme is being widely debated on television because it sets a precedent for other companies.12. From July, all organically produced food must be certified under EC regulations.Phrases and expressions1. hunt down2. absorbed into3. have access to4. with the exception of5. For that matter6. In the absence of7.with respect to8. is tailored to9. be restricted to 10. call for 11. in large meas12. ranged fromTranslation1.在一个充斥着错误信息的世界，让学生学会识别真的、美的、好的信息是一个巨大的挑战。
新编英语教程5Unit1-8课文及译文参考
Have you ever watched a clumsy man hammering a nail into a box He hits it first to one side, then to another, perhaps knocking it over completely, so that in the end he only gets half of it into the wood. A skillful carpenter, on the other hand, will drive the nail with a few firm, deft blows, hitting it each time squarely on the head. So with language; the good craftsman will choose words that drive home his point firmly and exactly. A word that is more or less right, a loose phrase, an ambiguous expression, a vague adjective（模糊的形容词）, will not satisfy a writer who aims at clean English. He will try always to get the word that is completely right for his purpose.你见过一个笨手笨脚的男人往箱子上钉钉子吗只见他左敲敲，右敲敲，说不准还会将整个钉子锤翻，结果敲来敲去到头来只敲进了半截。
而娴熟的木匠就不这么干。
他每敲一下都会坚实巧妙地正对着钉头落下去，一钉到底。
语言也是如此。
一位优秀的艺术家谴词造句上力求准确而有力地表达自己的观点。
差不多的词，不准确的短语，摸棱两可的表达，含糊不清的修饰，都无法使一位追求纯真英语的作家满意。
新编英语教程5 unit 1到unit 6以及翻译87页文档
60、生活的道路一旦选定，就要勇敢地 走到底 ，决不 回头。 ——左
13、遵守纪律的风气的培养，只有领 导者本 身在这 方面以 身作则 才能收 到成效 。—— 马卡连 柯 14、劳动者的组织性、纪律性、坚毅 精神以 及同全 世界劳 动者的 团结一 致，是 取得最 后胜利 的保证 。—— 列宁 摘自名言网
15、机是生活，而且是现在、过 去和未 来文化 生活的 源泉。 ——库 法耶夫 57、生命不可能有两次，但许多人连一 次也不 善于度 过。— —吕凯 特 58、问渠哪得清如许，为有源头活水来 。—— 朱熹 59、我的努力求学没有得到别的好处， 只不过 是愈来 愈发觉 自己的 无知。 ——笛 卡儿
新编英语教程5 unit 1到unit 6 以及翻译
11、战争满足了，或曾经满足过人的 好斗的 本能， 但它同 时还满 足了人 对掠夺 ，破坏 以及残 酷的纪 律和专 制力的 欲望。 ——查·埃利奥 特 12、不应把纪律仅仅看成教育的手段 。纪律 是教育 过程的 结果， 首先是 学生集 体表现 在一切 生活领 域—— 生产、 日常生 活、学 校、文 化等领 域中努 力的结 果。— —马卡 连柯(名 言网)
新编大学英语第五册-课文翻译及答案（浙江大学）
新编大学英语第五册-课文翻译及答案（浙江大学）课文翻译Unit 1 美女还是老虎？很久以前，有一个国王，非常野蛮，想像力却非常丰富。
他出了很多点子，其中一个就是建一个大竞技场来执行裁决。
在那里，罪恶受到惩治，美德得以回报。
当臣民被指控犯罪，而且其罪行足以令国王关注时，就会发布公告，告知在某一指定的日期，被指控者的命运将在国王的竞技场上决定。
所有人都已聚集在观众席上，而在竞技场的一边，国王高高地坐在他的御座上，周围簇拥着他的皇室成员及侍臣。
当所有人就座后，国王就会发出信号，接着他下面的一扇门就会打开，受到指控的臣民从这儿出来，走入竞技场。
在竞技场的另一边，国王的正对面有一模一样的两扇门，紧紧地挨着。
受审者直接走向这两扇门，打开其中的一扇，这是他必须做的事，也是他的特殊待遇。
他愿意打开哪扇门，就打开哪扇门。
他不会得到任何提示，只有凭运气。
他可能打开一扇门，里面会出来一只凶残饥饿的老虎。
老虎立即立即扑向他，将他撕得四分五裂。
这就是对他所犯罪行的惩罚。
但是，如果受审者打开另一扇门，里面会走出一位小姐，她是国王从国内众多美女中挑选出来的，是与他的年龄和身份最般配的；他必须立即与这位小姐结婚，这是对他清白无罪的回报。
也许他已有妻小，也许他已心有所属，但这一切都不重要。
婚礼会立即在竞技场上举行。
那时，钟声敲响，观众欢呼，这位无辜的人则领着他的新娘回家。
这就是国王进行裁决的方式。
其公正性是显而易见的。
如果被告有罪，他将立即受到惩治；如果清白，则当场得到回报。
这种制度非常受欢迎。
其中的不确定因素给这种场合增添了趣味性。
国王有一个漂亮任性的女儿，是国王的掌上明珠。
他爱她胜过爱任何人。
在他的侍臣中，有一位职位较低的年轻人，由于他英俊、勇武，公主爱上了他。
他们幸福地恋爱了好几个月之后，有一天被国王碰巧发现了。
国王立即将年轻人监禁起来，并定下日期要在竞技场审判他。
这样的案子以前从未发生过；以前也从未有任何臣民胆敢爱上国王的女儿。
新编大学英语综合教程Unit 5-课文翻译
新编大学英语综合教程Unit 5 课文翻译Passage ABefore You ReadWhat do you know about the cultural conflict between China and the West？conflict：[ˈkɒnflɪkt , kənˈflɪkt] n.冲突;争执;争论;矛盾;不一致。
v.(两种思想、信仰等)冲突，抵触。
Cultural:[ˈkʌltʃərəl]adj. 与文化有关的;文化的;与艺术、文学、音乐等有关的。
你对中西文化冲突了解多少Differences between American and Chinese Classes美国和中国的课堂差异We hear about the informality in American classes from time to time. For instance, American professors/teachers do not dress up very formally and they generally call students by their first names. Students can speak out in class, where they do not even need to raise their hands. In addition, in many schools, students can eat or drink during class. American students sometimes argue with their teachers in class, give teachers suggestions on things that need changing, or even criticize their ideas.hear about 得知; 听到关于from time to time 不时地;间或;偶尔For instance 例如;譬如。
新编英语教程5.unit1知识点
Hit the Nail on the Head教学时数：4学时教学目的与要求：通过本单元的学习，要求学生熟悉课文内容，掌握新的英语词汇和理解课文基本大意，能够对课文的主旨进行简单总结和评论，并独立完成本单元练习题。
教学重点：重点句子的理解。
教学难点：creep, loiter, march, meander, pace, patrol, plod, prowl, ramble, roam, saunter, shuffle, stagger, stalk, step, tread, trudge,and walk的词义辨析。
About Style语体（文体；风格）1. variation in a person‘s speech or writing. Style usually varies from casual to formal according to the type of situation, the person or persons addressed, the location, the topic discussed, etc. a particular style, e.g.a formal style or a colloquial style, is sometimes referred to as a stylistic variety (语体类型)。
Some linguists use the term ―register‖ for a stylistic variety whilst others differentiate between the two.2. Style can also refer to a particular person‘s use of speech or writing at all times or to a way of speaking or writing at a particular period of time, e.g. Dickens‘s style, the style of Shakespeare, an 18th–century style of writing.About the author:Alan Warner(1912- ), English teacher at Makerere College, Kampala, Uganda. The selection is Chapter 7 of his book A Short Guide to English Style (1961), which consists of three parts: Part One, How to write clean English; Part Two, the development of English style; and Part Three, English styles today. In writing the book, the author has tried to keep in mind the special needs and difficulties of those students for whom English is not the mother tongue.I．Background Information1．Gustave Flaubert (1821-1880), French novelist, was associated with,thought not representative of, the movement of naturalism and known as one of the greatest realists of nineteenth-century France. He devoted his life to long hours spent in heavy toil over his work. His writing is marked by exactness and accuracy of observation, e xtreme impersonality and objectivity of treatment, and precision and expressiveness in style, or the principle of the mot juste.2. Mrs. Malaprop is a famous character in Sheridan‘s comedy The Rivals (1775). She is noted for her blunders in the use of word s. ―As headstrong as an allegory (alligator) on the banks of the Nile‖ is one of her grotesque misapplications. She also requests that no delusions (allusions) to the past be made. She has given us the word malapropism as a name for such mistakes.(谢里丹Sheridan，Richard Brinsley, 英国剧作家，政治家。
Unit 5 Animal World新编大学英语第二版第一册课文翻译
Unit 5 Animal WorldDo Animals Have A Culture?by John Fried[1] Lately, social scientists have begun to ask if culture is found just in humans, or if some animals have a culture too. When we speak of culture, we mean a way of life a group of people have in common. Culture includes the beliefs and attitudes we learn. It is the patterns of behavior that help people to live together. It is also the patterns of behavior that make one group different from another group.[2] Our culture lets us make up for having lost our strength, claws, long teeth, and other defenses. Instead, we use tools, cooperate with one another, and communicate with language. But these aspects of human behavior, or “culture”, can also be found in the lives of certain animals.[3] We used to think that the ability to use tools was the dividing line between human beings and other animals. Lately, however, we have found that this is not the case. Chimpanzees can not only use tools but actually make tools themselves. This is a major step up from simply picking up a handy object and using it. For example, chimpanzees have been seen stripping the leaves off a branch, then putting it into a termite nest. When the termites bite at the stick, the chimpanzee removes it and eats them off the end—like our use of a fork.[4] For some time we thought that although human beings learned their culture, animals could not be taught such behavior. Or even if they could learn, they would not teach one another in the way humans do. This, too, has proven to be untrue. A group of Japanese monkeys was studied at the Kyoto University Monkey Center in Japan. They were given sweet potatoes by scientists who wanted to attract them to the shore of an island. One day a young female began to wash her sweet potato to get rid of the sand. This practice soon spread throughout the group. It became learned behavior, not from humans but from other monkeys. Now almost all the monkeys who have not come into contact with this group do not. Thus there is a “cultural” difference among animals.[5] We have ruled out tool use and invention as ways of telling animal behavior from human behavior. We have also ruled out the learning and sharing of behavior. Yet we still have held onto the last feature—language. But even the use of language can no longer separate human culture from animal culture. Attempts to teach apes to speak have failed. However, this is because apes do not have the proper vocal organs. But teaching them language has been very successful if we are willing to accept other forms than just the spoken word. Two psychologists trained a chimpanzee named Washoe to use StandardAmerican Sign Language. This is the same language used by deaf people. In this language, “talk” is made through gestures, and not by spelling out w ords with individual letters. By the time she was five years old, Washoe had a vocabulary of 130 signs. Also, she could put them together in new ways that had not been taught her originally. This means she could create language and not just mimic it. She creates her own sentences that have real meaning. This has allowed two-way talk. It permits more than one-way command and response.[6] Of course, there are limits to the culture of animals. As far as we know, no ape has formed social institutions such as religion or law. Also, some chimpanzees may be able to learn sign language, but this form of language is limited in its ability to communicate abstract ideas. Yet with a spoken language we can communicate our entire culture to anyone else who knows that language. Perhaps the most important thing is that the line dividing us from them is not as clear as we used to think.动物拥有文化吗?1 只有人类拥有文化呢，还是某些动物也同样拥有文化，这是社会科学家们最近才提出来的问题。
新编大学英语第三版第二册(浙江大学出版社)短语及句子翻译1-6单元
Uint 1Phrases and expressions●engage in 从事，参与He has the will to engage in management.●let on泄露秘密I’m sure he knows more than he’s letting on.●make it 按时赶到We just made it on time for the wedding.●now that 既然，由于Now that dinner is ready,wash your hands.●on leave休假He is home on leave from the Navy.●see (to it) that 注意，务必做到，保证See to it that you are not late again.●set the pace确定速度；制定标准If we let the fastest runner set the pace, the others will be left behind.●subject…to…使承受，使遭受He subjected us to a very difficult test.●as though/if好像，似乎I feel as though we have never parted.●be on/off duty 上/下班I have to be on duty this weekend night●clear one’s throat清嗓子He coughed in order to clear his throat.●come (back) to life1)（变）活跃The quiet girl has come to life since she lived with her grandpa.2)苏醒；复活The drowned man can not come to life.●deprive…of…剥夺A lot of these children have been deprived of a normal home life.●open the floodgates1)打开（某人的）心扉The discussion sessions allow people to open the floodgates to their deepest fears.2)放开限制或控制因素No one knows how fast China will open the floodgates to investors or foreign firms.●tuck…in1)把……塞进（掖好）Jack tucked his shirt in.2)安顿（某人）上床睡觉I’ll come up and tuck you in a minute.●turn up1)出现He’s still hoping a good chance will turn up.2)开大，调高Turn up the radio, so I can hear the news clearly. Translation1.3000多辆汽车因刹车问题昨日被召回。
新编大学英语第五册课文与翻译
Unit 1 suspensePassage ReadingThe Lady or the Tiger?by Frank Stockton1 Long ago there lived a semi-barbaric king who had a great imagination. One of his ideas was to build a big arena as an agent of justice where crime was punished or virtue rewarded. When a subject1 was accused of a crime of sufficient importance to interest the king, public notice was given that on an appointed day the fate of an accused person would be decided in the king’s arena.2 When all the people had assembled in the galleries, and the king, surrounded by the court, sat high up on his throne on one side of the arena, he gave a signal, a door beneath him opened, and the accused subject stepped out into the arena. Directly opposite him on the other side were two doors, exactly alike and side by side. It was the duty and the privilege of the person on trial to walk directly to these doors and open one of them. He could open either door he pleased. He was subject to no guidance or influence, only chance. If he opened one, there came out of it a cruel and hungry tiger, which immediately sprang upon him and tore him to pieces as punishment for his guilt. But, if the accused person opened the other door, there came forth a lady, the most suitable to his age and station2 that the king could select from among his fair3 subjects; and to this lady he was immediately married as a reward for his innocence. It didn’t matter that he might possess a wife and family or that his affections might be engaged upon a lady of his own selection. The wedding took place immediately and in the arena. Bells rang, people shouted glad hurrahs, and the innocent man led his bride home.3 This was the king’s method of administering justice, its fai rness was obvious. The accused person was instantly punished if he found himself guilty and, if innocent, he was rewarded on the spot. The institution4 was a very popular one. The element of uncertainty gave interest to the occasion which could not other wise have a happened.54 The king had a beautiful and willful daughter. She was the apple of his eye and he loved her above all humanity.6 Among his courtiers was a young man of a low station whom the princess loved because he was very handsome and brave. This love affair moved along happily for many months, until one day the king happened to find out about it. He immediately had the youth imprisoned and appointed a day for a trial in the arena. Never before had such a case occurred; never before had a subject dared to love the daughter of a king.5 The tiger-cages of the kingdom were searched for the most savage beast, from which the fiercest one could be selected for the arena. Young and beautiful maidens were carefully surveyed in order that the young man might have a suitable bride if fate did not determine him a different destiny. Of course, everybody knew that thedeed with which the accused was charged had been done. He loved the princess and did not deny it, but the king would take pleasure in watching the events which would determine whether or not the young man had done wrong in allowing himself to love the princess.6 The day of the trial arrived. From far and near the people gathered and crowded the galleries of the arena. The king and his court entered and sat in their places opposite the twin doors. All was ready. The signal was given. A door beneath the royal party opened and the lover of the princess walked into the arena. Tall and handsome, he was greeted by a hum of admiration. Half the audience had not known that so grand a youth had lived among them. No wonder the princess loved him! What a terrible thing for him to be there!7 as the youth advanced into the arena, he turned, as the custom was, to bow to the king, but he did not think at all of her father. Form the very moment that the decree had gone forth, that her lover should decide his fate in the arena, she had thought of nothing else.7 Possessed of more power and determination than anyone connected with a previous case, she found out the secret of the doors. She knew behind which door stood the tiger cage with its open front and behind which door waited the lady. She had used both gold and determination to find out the secret.8 The princess also knew who the lady was. It was one of the most beautiful of the ladies of the court, and the princess hated her. Often the princess had seen, or imagined that she had seen, this fair creature glancing with admiration at her lover, and sometimes the princess thought that these glances were returned. Now and then she had seen them talking together.9 When her lover looked at her, and his eye met hers, he knew that she knew behind which door crouched the tiger and behind which stood the lady. He had expected her to know it as he understood her nature and determination. Then it was that his quick and anxi ous glance asked the question: “Which?”8 It was as plain to her as if he had shouted it from where he stood.9 There was not an instant to be lost. The question was asked in a flash; it must be answered in another. She raised her hand and made a slight, quick movement to- ward the right. No one but her lover saw her. Every eye was fixed on the man in the arena. Every breath was held and every eye remained fixed on that man. Without the slightest hesitation, he went to the door on the right and opened it.10 Now, the point of the story is this: Did the tiger come out of the door, or did the lady? The more we think about this question, the harder it is to answer. It involves a study of the human heart which leads us through devious mazes of passion out of which it is difficult to fine our way.10 the soul of the princess beat with a white heat beneath the combined fires of despair and jealousy.11 she had lost him, but who should have him? How often in her waling hours and in her dreams had she thoughtof her lover opening the door on the other side of which waited the cruel fangs of the tiger! But how much oftener had she seen him at the other door and she could see his delight as he opened the door of the lady! Her soul had burned with agony as she imagined him rushing to meet that woman with her sparkling eyes of triumph. She further imagined the glad shouts of the crowd as the two handsome people were married and walked away showered with flowers.12 Her one despairing shriek was lost in the noise.11 Would it not be better for him to die at once? And yet, that awful tiger, those shrieks, that blood! Her decision had been indicated in an instant, but it had been made after days and nights of anguished thought. She had known she would be asked, she had decided what she would answer, and, without the slightest hesitation, she had moved her hand to the right.12 The question of her decision is not to be lightly considered, and it is not for me to presume to set myself up as the one person able to answer it.13 And so I leave it with all of you: Which came out of the opened door, — the lady, or the tiger? (1,307 words)Time taken:____________minutesUNIT 2 MannersIN-CLASS READINGNo One Stops to Say "Thank You" Anymore1 I am sitting in a local restaurant offering takeout homestyle meals, surrounded by exhausted but happy shoppers, families out for Friday night dinner, and students taking a break from college exams. The warm room buzzes with conversation. A well-known local homeless man very untidy but clean comes in, places an order, pays for it, then sits quietly waiting for his dinner. All talk stops. No one looks at him and several diners leave. He is aware of the general discomfort his presence has caused. When his takeout is ready, he gathers up his numerous bags and his dinner and, laden down, advances to the door to go back to the streets. Just as he reaches the door and begins to shift bundles to free a hand, a well-dressed man coming to the restaurant steps aside and holds the door for him. The homeless man stops and says, "Thank you very much."2 What struck me about this encounter was not the wealthier man helping out the less fortunate one. It was the homeless man stopping to thank him despite being desperate to escape a room full of disapproving people. No doubt he also thanked whoever had given him the money to buy dinner. In line buying my own meal, no one had thanked the young people behind the counter who dished up mashed potatoes for them. Had I taken a poll of the room, though, I bet everyone there would have considered themselves as having more manners than a person who lives on the streets.3 But how many of us are truly well-mannered? Some observations have been surprising.4 When I let someone into my lane of traffic, men almost always acknowledge this courtesy with a wave of the hand; women (the "polite" sex) hardly ever do. More women than men (the "chivalrous" sex) hold open doors for those behind them; teenage boys commit this nicety the least. And I no longer see mothers instructing a child, boy or girl, to hold open a door when several people are approaching something expected of all boys when I was growing up.5 Manners are a tool to remind us of others around us. Our actions affect each other; there is always give and take. However, if youth today are any indication, we are truly destined to become a society of people who think only of themselves. Maybe it sounds cliché, but my parents would have killed me had I done some of the things I endure from today's youth.6 I never ran in public, much less between and around the legs of people in stores. One scream and I would have been taken to the car and lectured on my behavior. Whenever I was rude in public, I was made to apologize; my parents didn't do it for me. These embarrassing moments didn't harm me; rather, they caused me to become aware that there were others inhabiting this world besides myself and my actions affected them.7 I have yet to receive an apology from a child who just ran over my foot while chasing a sibling, and only half the time have the parents apologized. Often they simply gather upthe children, making no eye contact, and take them to another part of the store to run around. If a child isn't made to deal with a minor situation, how will one ever handle a major faux pa& (which we all inevitably commit at some point)?8 I have noticed that children are not even being schooled in social graces. At a Sunday brunch, a clown was making balloon animals for the children. My friend's daughter, Sarah, stood by me waiting her turn'. One by one the children grabbed their balloons and yes ran.I was the only adult present who prompted "What do you say?" when the clown handed Sarah her balloon. The clown beamed at us, grateful he had actually been acknowledged.9 I don't blame the children, however. They emulate what they see. And what they are seeing is a society focused solely on acquisition be it the dream house or another drink in a restaurant or a space on a crowded freeway without ever stopping to thank the source.10 Rude language is now so commonplace that it is accepted behavior. And I'm not talking about the obviously blue vocabulary in books and movies, or that damn is considered harmless compared to what else has become acceptable. I'm referring to inconsiderate word choice. For example, while discussing a story idea with an editor, a very young staff member asked if I was the "chick" who had called for information. I said nothing, knowing that a show of displeasure would have labeled me oversensitive rather than him rude.11 Most people today feel proud to have built a society that treats the races, sexes, and economic classes more equally than ever before. And, yes, we have made real strides in these areas. But isn't it ironic that these same people don't find it necessary to say "Excuse me" to an older couple walking very slowly in front of them, before zooming around the couple?12 It's not necessary to provide yet another analysis of the disintegration of the family or the breakdown of the social fabric or the price of democracy to explain what hashappened to our society. The matter at hand is simply to thank the next person who provides a helping hand when needed.13 In a crowded world, manners are of vital importance. Small, friendly human interactions help ease the everyday stress of having to hurry, trying to squeeze onto a crowded thoroughfare, standing in one more line to deal with a clerk of some kind, or calling a customer service representative for the third time about a mistake on a bill. Manners make us aware that everything we have derives from a source. Are we really so pressured that we cannot stop to observe simple courtesy?(991 words)Time taken: ______ minutesProper NameSarah(女子名)萨拉New Wordsacknowledgev. show thanks for 就……表示谢意，致谢e.g. He acknowledged the applause with a small bow.acquisitionn. the act of getting land, power, money, etc. 获取e.g. The acquisition of the property took months.anymoreadv. any longer (一般只用于表示否定意义的上下文中）而今再也e.g. I don't like being called Theresa anymore. It's old-fashioned.brunchn. a meal that serves as both breakfast and lunch 早午餐bundlen. a group of things such as papers, clothes, or sticks that are fastened or tied together 捆，束，包e.g. He gathered the bundles of clothing into his arms.buzzv.1) be filled with a lot of excitement or activity 充满了激动或活动的声音e.g. The narrow streets in the area buzzed with stories of the killers.2) talk quietly at the same time 发出低沉、嘈杂的声音e.g. The audience buzzed throughout the performance.chasev. quickly follow someone or something trying to catch them 追逐，追赶e.g. Outside in the yard, kids were yelling and chasing each other.chickn. American slang for a young woman (偶)少女，少妇chivalrousadj. (esp. of men) marked by bravery, honor, generosity, and good manners (esp. toward women) (男人) 有骑士风度的clichén. an expression that is used too often and has lost most of its meaning陈词滥调clownn. a performer, especially in the circus, who dresses strangely and tries to make peoplelaugh by his jokes, tricks or actions 小丑commonplaceadj. ordinary; not regarded as special or unusual 普通的，不足为奇的e.g. A few years ago it was quite rare to see women unaccompanied by men in a pub, now it's commonplace.courtesyn. polite behavior; a polite or kind action or expression 有礼的举止或言辞e.g. The student replied with promptness and courtesy.democracyn. social equality and the right to take part in decision-making 民主e.g. Democracy is spreading around the world in various forms.destinedadj. certain to happen at some time in the future 命中注定的e.g. He feels that he was destined to become a musician.disintegration*n. the state of becoming weaker or less united and being gradually destroyed 解体，瓦解emulatev. try to be like someone else, because you admire them 仿效e.g. People often try to emulate their favorite pop singers or movie stars.fabricn.1) a framework or structure 组构，组织e.g. He said the fabric of society was threatened by groups of criminals involved withdrugs, violence and robbery.2) material or cloth made by weaving threads together 织物,（纺）织品e.g. My shirt is made of cotton fabric.freewayn. (AmE) a very wide road built for fast long-distance travel 高速公路，高速干道indicationn. a sign of something; something that is suggested 象征，迹象e. g. This was a clear indication that they were in financial difficulty.inevitably*adv. unavoidably 不可避免地e.g. An organization of this size inevitably has problems.ironic*adj. full of irony 讽刺的，有讽刺意味的e.g. How ironic that he should have been invited to play for the English team on the very day that he broke his leg.ladenadj. heavily loaded with something 装满的，充满的e.g. She arrived back home laden with shopping bags.oversensitive*adj. too easily influenced or offended 过分敏感的，神经过敏的siblingn. a brother or sister 兄弟（或姐妹）, 同胞squeezev.1) fit by forcing, pressing or crowding挤人，挤过，塞e.g. Anne squeezed herself into the crowded elevator.2) press firmly together, especially from opposite sides 压，挤，榨e.g. She squeezed the tube hard and the last of the tooth paste came out.striden.1) an improvement in a situation or in the development of something 进展，进步e.g. We've made great strides in medical technology this century.2) a long step 大步，步幅e.g. With every stride, runners hit the ground with up to five times their body-weight.v. walk quickly with long steps 阔步行进，大踏步走e. g. He came striding along the path, with his gun over his shoulder.takeout(AmE)adj. intended to be taken from the point of sale and consumed elsewhere 供顾客带出外吃的.n. food made to be taken out 外卖的食物thoroughfaren. the main road through place such as a city or town 大街，大道Phrases and Expressionsat handnear in time or space 近在手边，附近；即将到来e.g. I picked up a book that happened to lie at hand and read a few pages.disk upput into and/ or serve in a dish as food 把（食物）装盘，盛在盘中端上（饭菜）e.g. I will dish up the first course.gather upbring together into one group, collection, or place 使聚集，收拢，集拢e.g. She watched Willie gather up the papers and stuff them carelessly in his pocket.give-and-takethe practice of making mutual concessions; willingness to compromise 互相让步，互相迁就e.g. You can't always insist on your own way—there has to be some give-and-take.help (someone) outgive help and support to someone who has problems 帮助某人（尢指摆脱困境或危难）e.g. I) I helped out with the secretarial work.II) I think her colleagues did help her out on that occasion.lecture onscold or warn, especially at some length 训斥，告诫e.g. She lectured her children on good table manners.much lesseven less likely 更谈不上e.g. Jack can hardly understand arithmetic, much less geometry.no doubtalmost certainly; very probably 肯定地，想必e.g. 1 ) You've all no doubt heard the news.II) No doubt I learned a lot from that lecture.run aroundrun excitedly and randomly within a particular area 在……四处奔跑e.g. We need a large garden, where the kids can run around freely.run overmake one's way quickly over 在……上跑过，撞倒e.g. We almost ran over a fox that was crossing the road.step asidewalk to one side 走开一点，让开一点e.g. The crowd stepped aside to let the chairman pass.UNIT 3 Business StrategiesIN-CLASS READINGBusiness Lessons from the Rain ForestTakashi Kiuchi1 The environment and the emerging information economy are two issues most vital to the future of my business, and perhaps the world. To me, these topics seem intimately linked. Perhaps this is partly because I work for Mitsubishi Electric, an electronics company, and I see our impacts on the environment. But my most important lessons about the link among business, the environment, and the economy did not come from my company. I learned them in the forest.2 On my trip to Asia, I visited the Malaysian rain forest. What I learned changed my life asa corporate executive.3 I learned that saving the rain forests in fact, saving the environment is more than an environmental necessity. It is a business opportunity. In our case, it is an opportunity to pursue business opportunities that use creativity and technology to substitute for trees, for resources of any kind.4 I learned something else in the rain forest, too, something more profound. I learned how we might operate our company not just to save the rain forest, but to be more like the rain forest.5 To be agile and creative, we must structure our company so that we are a learning organization. Not top-down, but bottom-up. Not centralized, but decentralized. Not limited by rules, but motivated by objectives. Not structured like a machine which cannot learn but like a living system, which can.6 When I visited the rain forest, I realized that it was a model of the perfect learning organization, a place that excels by learning to adapt to what it doesn't have. A rain forest has almost no resources. The soil is thin. There are few nutrients. It consumes almost nothing. Wastes are food. Design is capital. So my model for Mitsubishi Electric is an organization that is like a rain forest in those respects.7 Rain forests have no productive assets, yet they are incredibly productive. They are home to millions of types of plants and animals more than two-thirds of all biodiversity in the world. Those plants and animals are so perfectly mixed that the system is more efficient, and more creative, than any business in the world.8 If we ran our companies like the rain forest, imagine how creative, how productive, how ecologically benign we could be. We can begin by operating less like a machine and more like a living system. At Mitsubishi Electric, we have begun to adopt an environmental management system founded on principles of industrial ecology. For us, this means twothings: First, we must have our eyes wide open and see the environmental costs and benefits of our business. Second, based on what we see, we must take action:See costs and reduce them. See benefits and increase them. See needs and fill them.9 When I visited the rain forest, I realized that, as business people, we have been looking at the rain forest all wrong. What is valuable about the rain forest is not the trees, which we can take out. What is valuable is the design, the relationships, from which comes the real value of the forest. When we take trees from the forest, we can ruin its design. But when we take lessons from the forest, we further its purpose. We can develop the human ecosystem into as intricate and creative a system as we find in the rain forest. We can do more with less; grow without shrinking.10 While the rain forest has many design principles, let's discuss three:11 Differentiate. Be yourself, be unique. In the rain forest, conformity leads to extinction. If two organisms have the same niche, only one survives. The other adapts or dies. 12 The same thing happens in today's economy. If two businesses have the same niche, making exactly the same product, only one survives. The other adapts or dies. Most companies today are trying to be the one that survives by cutting costs, radically downsizing, desperately seeking the lowest cost.13 It's smarter to differentiate. Create unique products, different from any others. Fill unique niches. Don't kill our competitors or be killed by them sidestep them instead. Only then is it time to reduce costs and grow more efficient.14 Cooperate. Today, many people think competitiveness is the key to business success, but such thinking is out of date. Today, as we grow different, we learn that none of us is whole. We need each other to fill in our gaps. For example, at my company, we no longer look to grow bigger simply by acquiring more and more companies as subsidiaries. Instead, we are engaging in cooperative joint ventures with many others. Each companyretains its independence, its specialty, and its core competence. Together we benefit from our diversity.15 Be a good fit. We used to say only the fittest survives; only one can be the winner. But the rain forest has many winners.16 The same can be true in our economy. In this new, diverse, rain-forest economy, it is not a question of who is most fit. It is a question of where we best fit. If we fit if we solve a social problem, fulfill a social need we will survive and excel. If we only create problems, we will not.17 I am often asked whether the needs of the corporation and the needs of the environment are in conflict. I do not believe they are. In the long run, they cannot be.18 Conventional wisdom is that the highest mission of a corporation is to maximize profits and return to shareholders. That is a myth. It has never been true. Profit is just money a medium of exchange. You always trade it for something else. So profits are not an end; they are a means to an end.19 My philosophy is this: We don't run our business to earn profits. We earn profits to run our business. Our business has meaning and purpose a reason to be here.20 People talk today about business needing to be socially responsible, as if this is something new we need to do, on top of everything else we do. But social responsibility is not something that one should do as an extra benefit of the business. The whole essence of the business should be social responsibility. It must live for a purpose. Otherwise, why should it live at all?21 What I learned from the rain forest is easy to understand. We can use less and have more. It is the only way, for the interests of business and the interests of the environment are not incompatible.(1102 words)Time taken: _______ minutesProper NamesMalaysianadj. 马来西亚的Mitsubishi Electric日本三菱电气公司Takashi Kiuchi(日本男子名)木内孝New Wordsagileadj. active, lively, think quickly 灵活的，（才思）敏捷的e.g. The agile monkey swung from branch to branch.biodiversityn. biological diversity in an environment as indicated by numbers of different species of plants and animals 生物品种competencen. the ability and skill to do what is needed 能力，技能e.g. I'm only worried about his attitude to the job: his competence is not in question.conformity *n. agreement with established rules, customs, etc. 一致，顺从e.g. Excessive conformity is usually caused by fear of disapproval . conventionaladj. following what is traditional or considered to be normal 传统的，符合习俗的e.g. The house was built with conventional materials but in a totally new style.cooperatev. work with somebody else to achieve something 合作，协作，配合e.g. I ) Our company is cooperating with a Danish firm on this project. II) The art department cooperated with the editorial department to produce the book.coren.1) the central or most important part of something 核心，要点e.g. The basic lack of government funding is at the core of the problem.2) the hard center of certain fruits, containing seeds 果心，核e.g. She finished her apple and threw the core away.differentiatev.1) make or become different in the process of growth or development （使）变异e.g. The cells differentiate into a wide variety of cell types.2) to see or express a difference (between) 区分，区别e.g. A child may not differentiate between his imagination and the real world.diversity *n. the condition of being different or having differences 差异，多样性e.g. Newspapers were obliged to allow a diversity of views to be printed.downsize *v. to make a business or industry smaller 缩减，削减e.g. I ) The company will have to downsize to cut costs.II) American manufacturing organizations have been downsizing their factories.ecologically *adv. from the point of view of ecology 从生态学的观点看e.g. Ecologically, the new dam (大坝) has been a disaster.ecologyn. the pattern and balance of relationships between plants, animals, people, and the environment in that place 生态e.g. The oil spill caused terrible damage to the fragile （脆弱的）ecology of the coastline.ecosystem *n. all the plants and animals that live in a particular area together with the complex relationship that exists between them and their environment 生态系统electronicsn.1) electronic devices and equipment 电子器件e.g. All the electronics are housed in a waterproof box.2) a branch of physics that deals with the emission, behavior and effects of electrons and with electronic devices 电子学，电子技术e.g. The field of modern electronics has grown rapidly.extinction *n. a situation in which a particular kind of animal, plant, etc. no longer exists 消灭；灭绝e.g. There are many animals in danger of extinction.incompatible *adj. unable to exist together in harmony 不相容的，不协调的，不相配的e.g. I ) I don't think either of them was to blame: they were just incompatible.II) His behavior has been incompatible with his role as head of the state.objectiven. an aim that you are trying to achieve 目的，目标e.g. The main objective of this policy is to reduce unemployment, adj. not influenced by one's own personal feelings, based only on facts 客观的，不带偏见的e.g. I ) Please try to give an objective report of what happened.。
新编大学英语5-Unit1-5单词整理
administer施行执行，管理治理anguished感到极度痛苦barbaric野蛮残暴的bride新娘courtier侍臣crouch蹲下decree命令法令，判决despairing绝望的destiny命运devious 迂回的，曲折的；不率直的，不坦诚的fang（动物）尖牙imprison监禁，关押maiden少女，初次的maze迷宫personage 名人presume冒昧；假定推测shriek尖叫声suspense悬念不确定担心throne御座宝座，王位willful任性固执的far and near到处in a flash一瞬间，立刻move along进展on trial受审side by side并排地，并肩地take pleasure in以……为乐boldly果敢的，冒险的cheerily欢快地；活泼地lchuckle暗笑corpse尸体courageously勇敢地，有胆量地detect发现发觉dim昏暗的，隐约朦胧的fastening栓系物furious狂怒暴怒的，强烈激烈的groan呻吟haunt缠绕，萦绕（在心头）；经常出没于latch闩marrow骨髓plank厚木板，政纲条目precaution预防措施presently不久；现在scarcely几乎不；决不；刚刚scrape刮，擦supposition假定，猜想thrust猛推，插入undo解开，恢复vain徒劳，自负veil面纱，遮盖物；遮盖vex折磨，使恼火villain恶棍，反派vulture秃鹫，乘人之危的人in vain白费地appraise评定，鉴定attic阁楼，顶楼bin大储藏箱，垃圾箱closet壁橱clutch抓紧，试图抓住，离合器crawl爬行，缓慢的行进cutthroat残酷的，不道德的endure忍受，持续glare刺眼的强光，怒视imposing壮观的，给人印象深刻的install安装，正式任命irritating令人气恼的outfox以计谋胜过，智胜patio露台pry撬起retiree退休者robe浴袍，长袍，礼服screwdriver螺丝刀skim从液体表面撇去；略读，浏览slender苗条的，微博的sprawl伸开四肢躺staircase楼梯stealthily悄悄地，鬼祟地yank用力猛拉hang up挂断电话pass away去世pay off还清债务pull on穿上衣服resign oneself to使自己听任、顺从UNIT TWOacquisition获取，获得物；习惯brunch早午餐bundle捆，束，包；收集chivalrous有骑士风度的，彬彬有礼的commonplace普通的，寻常事物courtesy谦恭有礼；礼貌的举止democracy民主disintegration解体emulate仿效fabric结构，织物laden装满的mash捣成糊状prompt提示；推动；及时的迅速的sibling兄弟squeeze挤进，压，捏，经济困难stride进展，进步，阔步，大踏步走takeout外卖thoroughfare大街zoom疾行at hand需要马上处理的；在手边的；即将到来dish up装盘端上gather up聚集，收拢give and take互相让步help out帮助某人（摆脱困境）lecture …on训斥，告诫much less更谈不上no doubt肯定的；想必run around在……四处奔跑run over在……上跑过step aside走开一点baffle使困惑entrepreneur企业家etiquette礼仪，礼节feminist女权主义的（者）foolhardy鲁莽的fragile脆弱虚弱的，易损坏的innate天生的，固有的lout粗鄙的人outlive比…活得长at the mercy of任凭…摆布come up发生out of step与…不协调refer to as把…称作take the initiative采取主alternate交替的，间隔的，可供替代的；轮流consult请教，咨询，查阅，交换意见egalitarian主张平等的entrée主菜initiate开始，发起，倡议；传授insecurity缺乏信心masculinity男子气概reciprocate回报，酬答；反应tabulate列表a measure of分量，程度on the wane日益衰落pick up the tab/bill承担全部费用play it by ear随机应变sit back很舒服的坐着，袖手旁观UNIT THREEagile才思敏捷的；灵活的asset 资产；有价值的人；优点benign善良的；（肿瘤）良性的，无生命危险的biodiversity生物多样化competence能力，技能conformity一致，顺从decentralize分散，分权diversity差异，多样性downsize缩减，削减electronics电子器件essence本质，实质gap不足；缺口；间隙；差距incompatible不相容的，不协调的niche生态位；合适的位置nutrient营养成分objective目标，客观的，无偏见的prejudice organism生物有机体radically根本地，彻底地sidestep回避subsidiary子公司，附属机构；辅助的beware谨防，当心categorize把…归类chaotic混乱的commonsense有常识的；懂情理的comprehensive综合广泛的conservative保守的；传统的deem认为diligent勤奋的eligible有条件被选中的，有恰当资格的formality礼仪，正式手续fray使烦躁紧张generalize概括推断hospitable好客的industrious勤劳的insular思想狭隘，孤立的lucidity洞察力，神志清醒的multinational多国的pigeonhole归类prospective可能预期未来的punctuality守时，准时recruitment招募relegate使降位reserved沉默矜持的shrewd敏锐精明的speculate推断，投机subordinate下级，部署；下级的suspicious猜疑的，可疑的tenaciously坚忍不拔地turnover人员流动率，营业额unanimous全体一致的on one’s own initiative主动地，自发地on the dot 准时，在指定的时间roll up姗姗来迟，抵达，到达spell out清楚地说明，详细地解释sweep the board（轻易地）大获全胜vice versa反之亦然contract合同；缩小，签合同，感染deputy副职，代表division部门，分开extensive大量的，广泛的，广大的mentality心态，思维方法negotiate协商，谈判，顺利通过prosperous繁荣的reciprocal有来有往的，互相的siz(e)able相当大的successor接替的人，继任者superstitious迷信的branch out扩大（兴趣、活动）范围by far最…come down下跌，下降take into account考虑，注意UNIT FOURaccentuate强调，使更突出anticipation期待，希望binding有约束力的，附有义务的bistro小饭馆compartmentalize分隔划分complementary补充的补足的confidant知己courteous有礼貌的distinctly显然清楚的，非常exacting艰难，需要付出努力irreconcilable不协调矛盾的kinship亲属关系misjudge误解openness坦率，开放particularize详述，具体说明permanently永久地sharply明显清楚地sparkle活跃，发光temperament气质tentatively暂时地tiresome无聊烦人wit智力draw out充分发挥draw on利用，凭借fall into step并步齐驱，意见一致in contrast with/to和…形成对比leave off停止strike up开始谈话或演奏ardor热诚couch长沙发；表达crossroads重大抉择时刻；十路dormant休眠的forge形成；伪造pregnancy怀孕all the way完完全全地blind with rage暴怒worried to death极度忧虑的alleviate缓解，缓和betray背叛，辜负，暴露，泄露confide吐露秘密deteriorate恶化，变坏disintegrate（使）粉碎，瓦解enrich充实，使富裕individuality个性inherent内在的，固有的，与生俱来的mobility流动性mutually共同地naturalness自然，天然obtain获得，存在outgrowth自然结果，发展outlet（感情、精力等的）发泄途径，出口sensational令人兴奋的，轰动性的smoothly平稳地socialize社交，交际，使适应社会生活solidify使稳固可靠固化terminate停止therapeutic使人平静的，关于治疗的thoughtfulness体贴的thriving兴旺，强盛unburden吐露心声vent表达、发泄（感情）widower鳏夫bottle up抑制（感情等）UNIT FIVEarrow箭头符号，箭causal原因的committed忠诚的contemplative 沉思的empower使自主；授权engender造成，导致ethical合乎道德标准的exterior外部的；外表extrovert性格外向的人extroverted性格外向的fluctuate起伏波动涨落gloom忧郁，昏暗hunch预感，直觉individualistic个人主义的introvert性格内向的人marital婚姻morale士气斗志mushroom迅速生长mythical想象的，虚构的；神话的rating等级，品质rebound振作回升regime政权restraint克制抑制，约束措施serenity宁静，安详shackle束缚soar猛增高飞高涨高耸subjective个人主观的totalitarian极权主义的undertake着手做；同意be grounded in以…基础，根据in short总之，简言之reach out to试图与…交流scores of许多，大量afflict折磨，苦恼altruistic利他无私的byproduct附带的结果，副产品cursed受折磨的，烦人讨厌的custody监管监护权essentially根本实质上的multiple复合的syndrome一系列情绪，综合征transcend超出truism自明之理，众所周知的道理aside from除……之外draw/come to/reach a conclusion得出结论for life终生，一辈子miss the point没抓住要领look up查询，抬头看own it to someone to do sth.认为自己有必要为某人做……stumbling block绊脚石take the easy way out采取省事的做法以摆脱困境aqueduct高架渠barbarism野蛮行为，暴行cathedral大教堂compromise妥协，放弃（信仰），违背（原则）inquiry调查，探究，打听，询问mistreatment虐待pyramid金字塔a change for the better/worse（形式的）好转/恶化a father in someone’s cap某人的卓越成就equate sth with/to sth else把…和…等同起来have no alternative but to do something除…以外别无选择。
全新版《大学英语》综合教程5 1-6单元课后翻译
全新版《大学英语》综合教程5 1-6单元课后翻译Unit 1 Love of Reading我的祖母不识字，可是她有一箩筐的神话和传奇故事。
小时候我总是缠着她，要她给我讲故事。
而她在忙完家务后，总会把我抱在膝上，一边讲故事一边有节奏地晃动我。
这些故事加上她丰富的表情，深深地吸引住了我。
我父母发现了我对故事的浓厚兴趣，不失时机地引导我进行阅读。
他们给我买了许多带插图的故事书，有空的时候就一遍遍地读给我听。
慢慢地我认识了很多字，能自行阅读了。
直到今天，我还要感谢祖母和双亲。
没有他们，我今天不可能成为一名作家。
Although my grandmother was illiterate, she had a good stack of myths and legends. When I was young I gave her no peace, constantly asking her to tell me stories. After she had finished her housework, she would lift me onto her lap and tell stories, all the while rocking me in rhythm. These stories and her expressive face appealed profoundly to me.Having noticed my interest in stories, my parents lost no time in initiating me into reading. They bought many storybooks with illustrations, and whenever free, they would read these stories to me over and over again. By and by I had a vocabulary large to read on my own.Today, I still live in gratitude to my grandmother and my parents. Without them, I could never have become a writer.Unit 2 Diet一项又一项的研究发现，食物和一些慢性病之间有密切关系。
新编大学英语第二版第五册课文翻译及课后答案
新编大学英语第二版第五册第二课练习答案
Post-Reading 1. Understanding the Organization of the Text
2
1) Introduction: (Para.1) A homeless man expresses thanks to a man holding the door for him Setting: a local restaurant Characters: shoppers, families and students Situation: the coming and leaving of a homeless man 2) Main Body (Para.2-11) There’s a lack of good manners in today’s world. Supporting evidence: AAt the restaurant, no one thanked the people providing the service; (Para.2) BWomen hardly show their gratefulness to people for their help while driving; (Para.4) CFewer men hold open doors for those behind them; (Para.4) DVery often parents do not apologize for what their children do; (Para.7) EChildren are not schooled in social graces; (Para.8) FRude language is so commonplace that it is accepted behavior. (Para.10) 3) Conclusion (Para.12-13) The importance of manners: In a crowded world, being polite to each other helps ease our daily stress. 2. Understanding Specific Information 1) B 2) B 3) C 4) A 5) C 6) C 7) B
新编大学英语(第二版unit 5 new words
e.g. administer punishment to the criminals 对罪犯予以惩罚 administer local anesthetic to the patient
4) 有意的 存心的 =deliberate/ dɪ’lɪbərət/ intended e.g. I had to make a conscious effort not to be rude to him. 我得刻意约束自己不要对他粗鲁. Ⅰ) Vivien had made a conscious effort to be friendly. Ⅱ) They didn’t make a conscious decision to have a big family.
error n. =mistake, something that is wrong 错误 差错 e.g. The letter was sent to you in error (by mistake). 这封信错送给你了. Ⅰ) The accident was caused by human errors. Ⅱ) The teacher corrected the errors in Bill’s term paper.
用动物或植物肥料、而不用化肥或杀虫剂
3) mentally perceptive or alert 神志清醒的 Ⅰ) Francis was found in the car, covered in blood but conscious. Ⅱ) The patient remained fully conscious after the local anesthetic (/,æ nɪs’θetɪk/) was administered. administer / əd’mɪnɪstə/ v. =give/ provide
Unit5Dreams新编大学英语第二版第二册课文翻译
Unit 5 DreamsAre You a Dreamer?1 Dreams — why do we have them? Do they mean anything? Is there such a thing as a dream in which the events seen by the dreamer come true? Such questions have interested people for thousands of years. Scientific advances in the past few decades have revealed more about the physical process of sleep, but they still don't offer any final answers to the many questions about dreams that continue to puzzle us.2 Everyone dreams—it's just that some of us can't remember doing so. Recordings of human brain waves show that we all go into dream mode when we fall asleep. We dream for most of the night, but we're only able to remember our dreams if we happen to wake up while we are still in REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep. This is when we dream. We have four or five REM stages of sleep during the night, the first occurring about 90 minutes after we fall asleep. After that, our dreaming periods recur every 90 minutes and last between 15 to 45 minutes, getting longer as the night progresses.3 The main purpose of sleeping (apart from giving us rest) may be to allow us to dream—to review our lives, our worries and hopes in a totally different way, and to get an unconscious view of ourselves, getting rid of material from our memories that we no longer need.4 Some dreams may have a simple physiological cause. Dreaming of walking on hot coals, for example, may well be caused by sleeping with your feet too close to a heater. And the frustrating dream in which you try to run but your legs won't move may be explained by bedding that is too tight. Anyone who sleeps through their alarm may well dream of doorbells or telephones ringing. All are simple examples of how the unconscious works with our conscious mind to guide and advise us.5 But such physiological explanations are not enough to tell us why we dream. Some people believe that dreams are total nonsense, merely the result of the misfiring of electrical impulses in the brain, while on the other hand, some read great importance into even the simplest of dreams.6 Some dreams reflect inner fears that are instantly recognizable. Dreaming of losing your job or house can reflect real fears, even if they are only subconscious. Most of us have dreamed that we had to take a final exam for a difficult course, which we had never taken, or in which we had done poorly.7 But what of the dreams that do not have such an obvious meaning? For centuries, both men and women have sought the answers in so-called dream dictionaries, possibly the oldest of which dates back to 5000 BC. According to these dictionaries, a dreamabout drinking wine meant a short life, whereas a dream about drinking water predicted a long life.8 By AD 200, dream dictionaries had lost none of their popularity, and the ancient Greek Artemidorus wrote a five-volume interpretation of more than 3,000 dreams, listing such symbols as right hand (meaning father), left hand (meaning mother), and dolphin (a good omen).9 Today, there are countless books offering dream interpretations in libraries and bookshops. They're as popular as ever with dream enthusiasts, but most experts warn that they should be read with care. Psychoanalyst and author Kenneth Saunders explains, "Dreams are closely tied up with an individual's mind and analysis is so open to mistakes or errors. I believe you can only discover the true meaning of a dream if you know the person who had the dream."你做梦吗？1 梦.我们为什么会做梦？梦有意义吗？真的有梦中所见的事成为现实这种事吗？几千年来这些问题一直让人们感兴趣。
新编大学英语第5册第一单元 part A
Tapescript
a bottle of iodine(碘)from her as she
was about to drink it. When I left last evening at seven, however, telling her I was spending the night with friends in the country, she made no objections. Returning to town this afternoon, I called my home and the maid answered.” “Just what did she say?” “Oh, she just told me you had taken my wife to this hospital, and asked me to hurry here.” “That’s all?” “That’s all. Where is my wife?”
iodine (碘）
Tape script
“Who shot her?” cried Rogers as
he rushed into the hospital three minutes after his wife died from a bullet through her head. “Just a minute,” the detective said. “I’d like to ask you a few questions … routine, you know. Did you have any trouble with your wife recently?” “Well…yesterday when I told her I was going on a business trip, she threatened suicide. In fact, I grabbed
(完整word版)现代大学英语精读5 Lesson 1 Where Do We Go from Here 重点词组 总结(word文档良心出品)
Martin Luther King Jr.…成比例●In proportion to the number of students we should build 3 dining rooms. 按学生人数，我们应该建三个餐厅。
●你认为我们的薪水与付出的努力相称吗?Do you think we are paid in proportion to the effort we make?/大体上=essentially②相当地/非常=considerably●His criticism is substantially correct.批评大体上是 ●The price may go up quite substantially.●The company's profits have been substantially lower this year.●Thereare o ne or two minor differences, but they're substantially the same text. We must massively assert our dignity and worth. → Paraphrase: We must state clearly and in an impressive 令人钦佩的/给人以深刻印象的way that weshould be treated with respect and our value should be recognized.我们必须坚决维护我们的尊严与价值。
have been taught for so many centuries that they are nobody is not easy. →Paraphrase: It is no easy job to educate a people who have been told over centuries thatthey were inferior to others to see that 设法做到they are humans, the same as white people. ？→Paraphrase: A lie concerning a trivial matter used for good intention is better than a sinister 阴险的/灾难性的lie. 一个无关紧要的谎言总比一个恶意的谎言要好。
新编大学英语第五册课后翻译1
新编大学英语第五册课后翻译1UNIT1The Tell-Tale Heart泄密的心1真的！我很紧张，非常紧张。
难道我疯了？看我会如何平静地给你们讲述整个事情的经过吧。
2我无法说清楚最初我脑子里是怎么产生这个念头的，但这念头一旦产生，就日夜缠扰着我。
我爱这个老人。
他从来没有对不起我。
对他的钱，我毫无欲望。
我想是因为他的眼睛，他的一只眼睛很像秃鹫的眼睛——淡蓝色的，上面蒙着一层薄翳。
每当那只眼睛看着我时，我周身的血就变得冰冷。
因此我渐渐地下决心，要干掉这个老人，这样我就可以永远地摆脱那只眼睛。
3在干掉老人的前一周里，我对他超乎寻常地好。
每天晚上，午夜前后，我就会拧开他房门的门闩把门翻开——哦，动作是那么轻！然后，在把门开了一个刚好能把头伸进去的小缝后，我先把一盏遮得严严实实、密不透光的灯放进去，然后再把头伸进去。
当我的头完全伸进房间后，我会小心翼翼地把灯罩解开一点，刚好让一线灯光不偏不倚地照在那只像秃鹫的眼睛上。
我这样持续了七个晚上，但是我发现那只眼睛始终闭着。
因此，我无法下手，因为令我恼火的不是这个老人，而是他那只邪恶的眼睛。
每天早晨，天一亮，我就大胆地走进他的房间，勇敢地跟他说话，直呼其名套近乎，还问他夜里睡得怎样。
4第八天的晚上，我开门时比往常更加小心。
当我把头伸进去，正准备掀开灯罩时，我的拇指在镀锡的扣拴上碰了一下，老人一下子从床上坐了起来，大声喊道：“谁啊？〞5我一动不动，也没吱声。
整整一个小时，我都纹丝不动。
与此同时，我也没有听到他躺下去。
他依旧坐在床上听着。
不久，我听到了一声轻轻的呻吟，我知道这是因恐惧而呻吟。
它不是痛苦或忧伤的呻吟——不是的！——这消沉的声音发自心灵的深处。
我知道他此时的感觉，很可怜他，尽管我在心里暗自发笑。
我知道他一直都醒着，而且他的恐惧在渐渐地加剧。
他试图认为自己的恐惧是毫无理由的，但却做不到。
他一直在对自己说：“只是烟囱里的风声吧；只是耗子在地板上跑的声音吧。
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《新编大学英语5》1－6单元语言点整理英语教育学院薛媛6803612011-12-16Unit 11. agent (Line 2) n.[C] a means of …手段，途径1) a person who acts for or represents another，代理人e.g. Please contact our agent in Spain for further information.travel agent 旅行社经纪人real estate agent 地产经纪人agency.e.g. an employment agency2) a person or thing that produces a particular effect or change 产生某种效果的人力或物质a chemical agent, oxidizing agents化学制剂，氧化剂a cleaning agent除垢剂a FBI (secret) agent (= a spy) 密探2. subject (Line3, para.1)A. n. [C]1) a person who lives in or whohas the right to live in aparticular country, especially acountry with a king or queen:臣民，公民E.g. She is Italian by birth and a British subject by marriage.2) 主题，对象，科目Eg. a. What did he say on the subject of age?b. His appearance was the subject for some critical comments.3) subject for sth. 引起某种情感或行为的人或物a subject for pity, ridicule, jealousyB. subject (adj.)subject to sth./sb.:1) obliged to obey sth./sb.; under the authority o sth./sb. 服从，受支配E.g. a. Everyone is subject to the law.b. The arrangements are subject to change at short notice.c. All such gatherings are subject to the laws on political meetings.d. His hiring is subject to your approval.2) often having, suffering or undergoing sth.; liable to sth.. 常患或常遭受某事物；倾向某事物E.g. Are you subject to colds?The plan is subject to alteration. 计划可能有变。
3. lend ~~ to (line. 23, Para. 3)lend：~ sth. (to sth.)= contribute or add sth. to sth. 提供或增添某物E.g. lend one’s services 提供服务lend the occasion a little glamour给这一场合增添一点光彩E.g. His presence lent dignity to the occasion.有他出席这一场合就更形庄严.4. attain (Line 25, Para. 3) (formal.)to reach or succeed in getting something; toachieve:eg. a. He has attained the highest grade in his music exams.b. We need to identify the best ways of attaining our objectives / goals.c. India attained independence in 1947, after decades of struggle.p.s. attainable (adj.) (formal.)possible to achieve:E.g. We must ensure that we do not set ourselves goals that are not attainable.5. the apple of one’s eye. (slang.) someone’s most loved person. 掌上明珠E.g. His 2-year-old daughter is the apple of her eye.其他与水果相关的俚语:top banana 大老板E.g. Who‘s your top banana? 谁是你们的老板？the Big Apple N. Y. CityE.g. The little girl is from the Big Apple. 这个女孩来自于纽约城。
a lemon 没有价值的商品E.g. That car is a lemon. 那辆小汽车不值钱。
Bean豆，豆型果实(slang.) 人的头部，或少量(复数)Bean Brain 白痴E.g. I don't know beans about the stock market.beans about something对某事物一无所知Pea 豌豆like two peas in a pod 一模一样Grape 葡萄sour grapes 酸葡萄(当某人发现自己达不到或得不到某事物后而对这种事物的否定，贬低。
)E.g. The losers' scorn for the award is pure sour grapes.Potato 土豆couch potato 习惯懒散的人，终日赖在沙发上的人hot potato 难对付的人small potatoes 不重要的6. survey (Line.35, Para.5)A. vt.(slightly formal.) to look at orexamine all of something, especially carefully 全面研究或论述Eg. a. He got out of the car to survey the damage.b. She has written a book which surveys (= describes in detail) the history offeminism.B. Survey. (n.)1) 全面的观察或论述，概论a survey of the situation, subject2) (对部分人的行为或意见等的) 调查A public opinion survey7. take (no/great) pleasure in (doing) sth. (Line 38, Para. 5）（不）以作某事为乐Eg. a. The naughty boy seemed to take pleasure in his parents’ suffering.b. They take pleasure in reminding us of our poverty.类似的表达还有take pride in sb./sth.8. far and near: everywhere (Line 41)up and down: moving upwards and downwardsups and downs: good and bad periods, fortune or spirits following one another in turnday and night: all the timeon and off: from time to timenow and then: sometimes but not very oftenhere and there: in different places9. go forth (line. 50)向前去, (命令等)被发布, 被发表Eg. The decree had gone forth.10. shower. v. (line. 87)to pour down in a shower:纷撒, 将…阵雨般倾倒下来：E.g. ….showered confetti on the parade.….将五彩纸屑天女散花般撒在游行队伍中Unit 2 Manners1. to buzz with (line 5): (of a bee) to make a continuous low sound; to be full of excitement, activity, etc. 充满兴奋（或活动等）：e.g. 1）The room’s crowd buzzed with excitement.2）The place was buzzing with journalists.3) New York buzzes from dawn to dusk.2. to gather together/up (line 14，47): bring things together that have been spread arounde.g. 1) The child gathered up his toys and put them away.2), 3) p.54区别：to gather in: to harveste.g. This enabled us to gather in the summer crops in time.3. Be laden with(para1, line15)Note: load; lade-laded-laden; carrying a load or burdenEg. There are many passengers laden with luggage at the train station.4. to dish up (line 23): to put (food) into dishes; servee.g. 1) Help me to dish up the vegetables, please.2), 3) p.54to dish up: <spoken>to produce (facts/arguments)e.g. 1) He dished up a lot of useful facts and figures at the meeting.2) Our history teacher has been dishing up the same old lessons for 20 years.5. Give and take/ give-and-take (line 35) n./v. 公平交易；互谅互让；交谈；交换意见1) Negotiation entails ~.2) Married life is said to be a matter of ~.3) They sat down for a lengthy ~.4) We must all ~ a little if we want peace.6. to lecture on/about (line 40)to scold or warn solemnly( especially at some length) 教训，训斥，告诫e.g. 1) The doctor lectured his patient about smoking too much.2），3）p547. stride(L69) v.&n. to move with large steps; improvement 大步行走; 进展Eg. 1) The firm has made great strides since it was taken over by the larger company. 自从这个公司被大公司收购，就取得了巨大的进展。