新人教版高中英语必修一直接引语和间接引语课件
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三不变
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4.直接引语为祈使句 变为间接引语时,将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定 式。据语气不同引述动词有tell, ask, order, beg, advise 等, 句型：tell/ask/order /beg / advise sb.(not/never)to do sth. “Make sure the door is shut,” she said to her little son. → She told her little son to make sure the door was shut. “Don’t cry any more,” he said to his little brother. → He asked his little brother not to cry any more.
→ He asked who was there. 地点状语变化 here → there
加间接宾语 us
二随宾 无间接宾语 加间接宾语 me
9 不加间接宾语me也可
He asked, “Which school are you in?” → He asked me which school I was in. He asked which school I was in.
He said to the boy,“ Come here, young man! ” →He asked the boy to go there.
方向动词变化
12
方向动词变化 come → go
bring → take
He said , “Don’t make so much noise, boys.”
→ She asked Tom if /whether he could help her.
6
代词指向，二随宾 “Is this room yours or his?” → He asked me whether this room was mine or his. He said to me , “I am learning English now.” 间接宾语 me → He said to me that he was learning English then.
“ Do you know Rick had been ill in bed for many days till he died?” Jack asked. 过去完成时 无间接宾语 → Jack asked me if I knew Rick had been ill in bed for 过去完成时 many days till he died. 加间接宾语 me He asked, “ How far is it from here to your home?” → He asked how far it was from there to my home.
5.直接引语为感叹句 变为由 that/ what/ how 引导的宾语从句 He said, “How happy I am!” → He said that he was very happy.
He said how happy he was.
He said, “What a fine day it is!” → He said what a fine day it was. He exclaimed that it was a fine day. He said, “How fine the day is!” → He said how fine the day was.
→ He ordered the boys not to make so much noise.
直接引语如果是以“Let’s”开头的祈使句,变为间接引语 时,通常用 “suggest doing sth./that we should do sth.” 应该 I said to him, “Let’s start at once.” → I suggested to him that we should start at once. I suggested starting at once. “Don’t leave the door open after midnight,” said Mother. 13 → Mother told me not to leave the door open after midnight.
“Why do you tell me the answer to this question?” → She asked why I told her the answer to that question.
指示代词变化 this → that 注意 如果直接引语是“What’s thematter?” “What’s wrong?” “What’s the trouble?”, 变间接引语时语序不变。 He said, “what’s the matter with you? ” → He asked me what’s the matter with me.
14
6. 直接引语为反意疑问句
变成whether或 if引导的宾语从句。 “You’ve already got well, haven’t you? ” she asked. → She asked whether I had already got well(康复).
15
直接引语变为间接引语,下列情况时态不变 1.直接引语主句动词为一般现在时,一般将来时或现 在完成时,变为间接引语,从句时态不变. She often says, “All men and women are equal under the 主句 law.” 从句: “ ” 部分 → She often says that all men and women are equal under the law. 2.直接引语的“ ”部分有具体的过去时间状语:过去 某年,某月,某日时,变为间接引语,时态不变. Xiao Wang said. “I was born on April 2l, 1980.” → Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980. 16
间接引语
She said that she liked tennis. He told Lily that she must get up early.
引号内的第三人称 She said to me , She told me that 在变间引后人称不 “ They want to they wanted to 5 help him.” help him. 变
二随宾
无间 接宾语
He said, “I’ll give you an examination next Monday.” → He told us that he would give us an examination the next
Monday. “Who is here?” he asked.
3
时态变化 直接引语 一般现在时 一般将来时 现在进行时 一般过去时 现在完成时 过去完成时
间接引语 一般过去时 过去将来时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时
现在将来变过去, 过去变过去完成, 过去完成不变.
4
人称变化
使间接引语中的人称与直接引语中的人称指向一致.
口诀 说明 直接引语 一 引号内的第一人称 She said,“ I like 随 变间引后与主句主 Tennis.” 主 语的人称保持一致 二 引号内的第二人称 He said to Lily, 随 变间引后与主句宾 “ you must get 宾 语的人称保持一致 up early.” 三 不 变
He asked, “Do you speak English or French?” 无间接宾语
→ He asked me whether I spoke English or French.加间接
3.直接引语是特殊疑问句 不加间接宾语me也可 变为间接引语时,连接词用特殊疑问句的疑问词,疑问 语序变为陈述语序. 句型: S--V—疑问词从句. The teacher said, “What are you doing now?” 无间接宾语 →The teacher asked me what I was doing then.
10
these → those
二随宾
He asked,“How are you gettingalong?”
无间接宾语 加间接宾语 us
→ He asked us how we were getting along.
He said, “We shall start tomorrow.”
→ He said they would start the next day.
二随宾
1.She said to me, “I broke your CD player.”
→She told me that she had broken my CD player.
2.He said to her, “I broke your CD player.”
Байду номын сангаас
→He told her that he had broken her CD player.
→ He told me that he had left his book in his room. 加间接 He said to us, “I have been to the Great Wall. ”
→ He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall.
直接引语 间 接 引 语
1
直接引语：直接引述别人的话，前要加引号. 间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话，不用引号. 在多数情况下构成宾语从句. 例.John said, “I like reading story books.” 直接引语 John said that he liked reading story books。间接引语 直接引语变为间接引语 1.直接引语为陈述句 变为间接引语时, 连接词用that, 在口语中可省略. 引述 动词用said, told等. 句型: S---V---that从句. 注意:可以说 said that从句, said to sb. that从句, told sb. 2 that从句, 但不可说told that从句.
若直接引语中没有间接宾语,变为间接引语时可加一 个间接宾语,如 me,him,her,theu,you,us 等.但用told间接引语 主句的谓语动词时必修加间接宾语,句型: S told sb. 从句.
代词指向
He said, “I’ve left my book in my room.”
无间接宾语 宾语 me
7
宾语 me
加间接宾语 me
时间变化 直接引语 now today tonight this week/month/year/ morning/afternoon/evening yesterday last night week/month/year the day before yesterday four days/months/years ago tomorrow next week/month/year the day after tomorrow 间接引语 then that day that night that week/month/year/ morning/afternoon/evening the day before the night/week/month/yrar before two days before before= earlier four days/months/years before the next day next=following the next week/month/year 8 two days later/ in two days’ time
2. 直接引语为一般疑问句 变为间接引语时, 连接词用if或whether, 而引述选择疑问 句时只能用whether, 疑问语序变为陈述语序, 引述动词用 asked, 句型: S---V---if/ whether从句. 一随主 She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”
11
4.直接引语为祈使句 变为间接引语时,将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定 式。据语气不同引述动词有tell, ask, order, beg, advise 等, 句型：tell/ask/order /beg / advise sb.(not/never)to do sth. “Make sure the door is shut,” she said to her little son. → She told her little son to make sure the door was shut. “Don’t cry any more,” he said to his little brother. → He asked his little brother not to cry any more.
→ He asked who was there. 地点状语变化 here → there
加间接宾语 us
二随宾 无间接宾语 加间接宾语 me
9 不加间接宾语me也可
He asked, “Which school are you in?” → He asked me which school I was in. He asked which school I was in.
He said to the boy,“ Come here, young man! ” →He asked the boy to go there.
方向动词变化
12
方向动词变化 come → go
bring → take
He said , “Don’t make so much noise, boys.”
→ She asked Tom if /whether he could help her.
6
代词指向，二随宾 “Is this room yours or his?” → He asked me whether this room was mine or his. He said to me , “I am learning English now.” 间接宾语 me → He said to me that he was learning English then.
“ Do you know Rick had been ill in bed for many days till he died?” Jack asked. 过去完成时 无间接宾语 → Jack asked me if I knew Rick had been ill in bed for 过去完成时 many days till he died. 加间接宾语 me He asked, “ How far is it from here to your home?” → He asked how far it was from there to my home.
5.直接引语为感叹句 变为由 that/ what/ how 引导的宾语从句 He said, “How happy I am!” → He said that he was very happy.
He said how happy he was.
He said, “What a fine day it is!” → He said what a fine day it was. He exclaimed that it was a fine day. He said, “How fine the day is!” → He said how fine the day was.
→ He ordered the boys not to make so much noise.
直接引语如果是以“Let’s”开头的祈使句,变为间接引语 时,通常用 “suggest doing sth./that we should do sth.” 应该 I said to him, “Let’s start at once.” → I suggested to him that we should start at once. I suggested starting at once. “Don’t leave the door open after midnight,” said Mother. 13 → Mother told me not to leave the door open after midnight.
“Why do you tell me the answer to this question?” → She asked why I told her the answer to that question.
指示代词变化 this → that 注意 如果直接引语是“What’s thematter?” “What’s wrong?” “What’s the trouble?”, 变间接引语时语序不变。 He said, “what’s the matter with you? ” → He asked me what’s the matter with me.
14
6. 直接引语为反意疑问句
变成whether或 if引导的宾语从句。 “You’ve already got well, haven’t you? ” she asked. → She asked whether I had already got well(康复).
15
直接引语变为间接引语,下列情况时态不变 1.直接引语主句动词为一般现在时,一般将来时或现 在完成时,变为间接引语,从句时态不变. She often says, “All men and women are equal under the 主句 law.” 从句: “ ” 部分 → She often says that all men and women are equal under the law. 2.直接引语的“ ”部分有具体的过去时间状语:过去 某年,某月,某日时,变为间接引语,时态不变. Xiao Wang said. “I was born on April 2l, 1980.” → Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980. 16
间接引语
She said that she liked tennis. He told Lily that she must get up early.
引号内的第三人称 She said to me , She told me that 在变间引后人称不 “ They want to they wanted to 5 help him.” help him. 变
二随宾
无间 接宾语
He said, “I’ll give you an examination next Monday.” → He told us that he would give us an examination the next
Monday. “Who is here?” he asked.
3
时态变化 直接引语 一般现在时 一般将来时 现在进行时 一般过去时 现在完成时 过去完成时
间接引语 一般过去时 过去将来时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时
现在将来变过去, 过去变过去完成, 过去完成不变.
4
人称变化
使间接引语中的人称与直接引语中的人称指向一致.
口诀 说明 直接引语 一 引号内的第一人称 She said,“ I like 随 变间引后与主句主 Tennis.” 主 语的人称保持一致 二 引号内的第二人称 He said to Lily, 随 变间引后与主句宾 “ you must get 宾 语的人称保持一致 up early.” 三 不 变
He asked, “Do you speak English or French?” 无间接宾语
→ He asked me whether I spoke English or French.加间接
3.直接引语是特殊疑问句 不加间接宾语me也可 变为间接引语时,连接词用特殊疑问句的疑问词,疑问 语序变为陈述语序. 句型: S--V—疑问词从句. The teacher said, “What are you doing now?” 无间接宾语 →The teacher asked me what I was doing then.
10
these → those
二随宾
He asked,“How are you gettingalong?”
无间接宾语 加间接宾语 us
→ He asked us how we were getting along.
He said, “We shall start tomorrow.”
→ He said they would start the next day.
二随宾
1.She said to me, “I broke your CD player.”
→She told me that she had broken my CD player.
2.He said to her, “I broke your CD player.”
Байду номын сангаас
→He told her that he had broken her CD player.
→ He told me that he had left his book in his room. 加间接 He said to us, “I have been to the Great Wall. ”
→ He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall.
直接引语 间 接 引 语
1
直接引语：直接引述别人的话，前要加引号. 间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话，不用引号. 在多数情况下构成宾语从句. 例.John said, “I like reading story books.” 直接引语 John said that he liked reading story books。间接引语 直接引语变为间接引语 1.直接引语为陈述句 变为间接引语时, 连接词用that, 在口语中可省略. 引述 动词用said, told等. 句型: S---V---that从句. 注意:可以说 said that从句, said to sb. that从句, told sb. 2 that从句, 但不可说told that从句.
若直接引语中没有间接宾语,变为间接引语时可加一 个间接宾语,如 me,him,her,theu,you,us 等.但用told间接引语 主句的谓语动词时必修加间接宾语,句型: S told sb. 从句.
代词指向
He said, “I’ve left my book in my room.”
无间接宾语 宾语 me
7
宾语 me
加间接宾语 me
时间变化 直接引语 now today tonight this week/month/year/ morning/afternoon/evening yesterday last night week/month/year the day before yesterday four days/months/years ago tomorrow next week/month/year the day after tomorrow 间接引语 then that day that night that week/month/year/ morning/afternoon/evening the day before the night/week/month/yrar before two days before before= earlier four days/months/years before the next day next=following the next week/month/year 8 two days later/ in two days’ time
2. 直接引语为一般疑问句 变为间接引语时, 连接词用if或whether, 而引述选择疑问 句时只能用whether, 疑问语序变为陈述语序, 引述动词用 asked, 句型: S---V---if/ whether从句. 一随主 She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”