20150613雅思阅读考题回顾朗阁官方

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【雅思】2013年8月24日雅思阅读考题回顾-推荐下载

【雅思】2013年8月24日雅思阅读考题回顾雅思考试阅读考题回顾朗阁海外考试研究中心宋媛婧考试日期：2013年8月24日methods developed for organic agriculture have been borrowed by more conventional agriculture. For example, Integrated Pest Management is a multifaceted strategy that uses various organic methods of pest control whenever possible, but in conventional farming could include synthetic pesticides only as a last resort.Crop diversityCrop diversity is a distinctive characteristic of organic farming. Conventional farming focuses on mass production of one crop in one location, a practice called monoculture. The science of agroecology has revealed the benefits of polyculture (multiple crops in the same space), which is often employed in organic farming. Planting a variety of vegetable crops supports a wider range of beneficial insects, soil microorganisms, and other factors that add up to overall farm health. Crop diversity helps environments thrive and protect species from going extinct.Soil managementOrganic farming relies heavily on the natural breakdown of organic matter, using techniques like green manure and composting, to replace nutrients taken from the soil by previous crops. This biological process, driven by microorganisms such as mycorrhiza, allows the natural production of nutrients in the soil throughout the growing season, and has been referred to as feeding the soil to feed the plant. Organic farming uses a variety of methods to improve soil fertility, including crop rotation, cover cropping, reduced tillage, and application of compost. By reducing tillage, soil is not inverted and exposed to air; less carbon is lost to the atmosphere resulting in more soil organic carbon. This has an added benefit of carbon sequestration which can reduce green house gases and aid in reversing climate change.Plants need nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, as well as micronutrients and symbiotic relationships with fungi and other organisms to flourish, but getting enough nitrogen, and particularly synchronization so that plants get enough nitrogen at the right time (when plants need it most), is a challenge for organic farmers. Crop rotation and green manure ("cover crops") help to provide nitrogen through legumes (more precisely, the Fabaceae family) which fix nitrogen from the atmosphere through symbiosis with rhizobial bacteria. Intercropping, which is sometimes used for insect and disease control, can also increase soil nutrients, but the competition between the legume and the crop can be problematic and wider spacing between crop rows is required. Crop residues can be ploughed back into the soil, and different plants leave different amounts of nitrogen, potentially aiding synchronization. Organic farmers also use animal manure, certain processed fertilizers such as seed meal and various mineral powders such as rock phosphate and greensand, a naturally occurring form of potash which provides potassium. Together these methods help to control erosion. In some cases pHmay need to be amended. Natural pH amendments include lime and sulfur, but in the U.S. some compounds such as iron sulfate, aluminum sulfate, magnesium sulfate, and soluble boron products are allowed in organic farming.Mixed farms with both livestock and crops can operate as ley farms, whereby the land gathers fertility through growing nitrogen-fixing forage grasses such as white clover or alfalfa and grows cash crops or cereals when fertility is established. Farms without livestock ("stockless") may find it more difficult to maintain soil fertility, and may rely more on external inputs such as imported manure as well as grain legumes and green manures, although grain legumes may fix limited nitrogen because they are harvested. Horticultural farms growing fruits and vegetables which operate in protected conditions are often even more reliant upon external inputs.Biological research on soil and soil organisms has proven beneficial to organic farming. Varieties of bacteria and fungi break down chemicals, plant matter and animal waste into productive soil nutrients. In turn, they produce benefits of healthier yields and more productive soil for future crops. Fields with less or no manure display significantly lower yields, due to decreased soil microbe community, providing a healthier, more arable soil system.题型难度分析人名观点Matching题属于简单题型，定位非常容易。

20150530雅思阅读考题回顾朗阁官方

雅思考试阅读考题回顾朗阁海外考试研究中心徐航考试日期 2015年5月30日Reading Passage 1Title 偏远地区交通 Practical action（科技类）（V120421 P1）Question types 判断题4题句子填空4题图表填空5题文章内容回顾1-4判断题1. 政府非常了解偏远地区的问题NO2. 贫困地区机动车数量上升NOT GIVEN5-8句子填空题5. The organization is a charity6-7. It is easier for people to access to markets and complete daily task.9-13图表填空题9. rubber tyre10. joining mechanism to the bicycle11. Bed section with cushion12. Seat section for a family member13. A special cover for poor weather condition相关原文阅读Practical actionFor more than 40 years, Practical Action have worked with poor communities to identify the types of transport that work best, taking into consideration culture, needs and skills. With our technical and practical support, isolated rural communities can design, build and maintain their own solutions.A. Whilst the focus of National Development Plans in the transport sector lies heavily in the areas of extending road networks and bridges, there are still major gaps identified in addressing the needs of poorer communities.There is a need to develop and promote the sustainable use of alternative transport systems and intermediate means of transportation (IMTs) that complement the linkages of poor people with road networks and other socio-economic infrastructures toimprove their livelihoods.B. On the other hand, the development of all weathered roads (only30 percent of rural population have access to this so far) and motorable bridges are very costly for a country with a small and stagnant economy. In addition these interventions are not always favourable in all geographical contexts environmentally, socially and economically. More than 60 percent of the network is concentrated in the lowland areas of the country. Although there are a number of alternative ways by which transportation and mobility needs of rural communities in the hills can be addressed, a lack of clear government focus and policies, lack of fiscal and economic incentives, lack of adequate technical knowledge and manufacturing capacities have led to under-development of this alternative transport sub-sector including the provision of IMTs.C. One of the major causes of poverty is isolation. Improving the access and mobility of the isolated poor paves the way for access to markets, services and opportunities. By improving transport poorer people are able to access markets where they can buy or sell goods for income, and make better use of essential services such as health and education. No proper roads or vehicles mean women and children are forced to spend many hours each day attending to their most basic needs, such as collecting water and firewood. This valuable time could be used to tend crops, care for the family, study or develop small business ideas to generate much needed income.Road buildingD. Without roads, rural communities are extremely restricted. Collecting water and firewood, and going to local markets is a huge task, therefore it is understandable that the construction of roads is a major priority for many rural communities. Practical Action are helping to improve rural access/transport infrastructures through the construction and rehabilitation of short rural roads, small bridges, culverts and other transport related functions. The aim is to use methods that encourage community driven development. This means villagers can improve their own lives through better access to markets, health care, education and other economic and social opportunities, as well as bringing improved services and supplies to the now-accessible villages.Driving forward new ideasE. Practical Action and the communities we work with are constantly crafting and honing new ideas to help poor people. Cycle trailers have a practical business use too, helping people carry their goods, such as vegetables and charcoal, to markets for sale. Not only that, but those on the poverty-line can earn a decent income by making, maintaining and operating bicycle taxis. With Practical Action’s know-how, Sri Lankan communities have been able to start a bus service and maintain the roads along which it travels.The impact has been remarkable. This service has put an end to rural people’s social isolation. Quick and affordable, it gives them a reliable way to travel to the nearest town; and now their children can get an education, making it far more likely they’ll find a path out of poverty. Practical Action is also an active member of many national and regional networks through which exchange of knowledge and advocating based on action research are carried out and one conspicuous example is the Lanka Organic Agriculture Movement sky-scraping transport system.F. For people who live in remote, mountainous areas, getting food to market in order to earn enough money to survive is a serious issue. The hills are so steep that travelling down them is dangerous. A porter can help but they are expensive, and it would still take hours or even a day. The journey can take so long that their goods start to perish and become worth less and less. Practical Action has developed an ingenious solution called an aerial ropeway. It can either operate by gravitation force or with the use of external power. The ropeway consists of two trolleys rolling over support tracks connected to a control cable in the middle which moves in a traditional flywheel system. The trolley at the top is loaded with goods and can take up to 120kg. This is pulled down to the station at the bottom, either by the force of gravity or by external power. The other trolley at the bottom is therefore pulled upwards automatically. The external power can be produced by a micro hydro system if access to an electricity grid is not an option. Bringing people on board.G. Practical Action developed a two-wheeled iron trailer that can be attached (via a hitch behind the seat) to a bicycle and be used to carry heavy loads (up to around 200kgs) of food, water or evenpassengers. People can now carry three times as much as beforeand still pedal the bicycle. The cycle trailers are used fortransporting goods by local producers, as ambulances, as mobileshops, and even as mobile libraries. They are made in small villageworkshops from iron tubing, which is cut, bent, welded and drilledto make the frame and wheels. Modifications are also carried out tothe trailers in these workshops at the request of the buyers. Thetwo-wheeled ‘ambulance’ is made from moulded metal, withstandard rubber-tyred wheels. The "bed" section can be paddedwith cushions to make the patient comfortable, while the “seat”section allows a family member to attend to patient during transit.A dedicated bicycle is needed to pull the ambulance trailer, so thatother community members do not need to go without the bicyclesthey depend on in their daily lives. A joining mechanism allows foreasy removal and attachment. In response to user comments, acover has been designed that can be added to give protection tothe patient and attendant in poor weather. Made of treated cotton,the cover is durable and waterproof.题型难度分析难度较低，判断题属于顺序类题型，填空题比较集中。

20150704雅思阅读考题回顾朗阁官方

雅思考试阅读考题回顾朗阁海外考试研究中心林炎珠考试日期： 2015年7月4日Reading Passage 1Title:The Origin of Camera Question types: Diagram 4题； Table Completion 4题；TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN 5题；文章内容回顾1895年卢米埃兄弟向大众展现火车进站的画面时，观众被活生生的影像吓得惊惶四散。

从此，活动摄影不只在人类纪实工具的发展史上具有划时代的意义，而且火车进站的镜头也象征着电影技术发展的源起。

1888年，爱迪生开始研究活动照片，当伊斯曼发明了连续底片后，爱迪生立刻将连续底片买回来，请威廉甘乃迪和罗利狄克生着手进行研究。

1891年，爱迪生申请影像映出管和摄影装置的发明专利权，这是“西洋镜”电影的鼻祖。

爱迪生发明“西洋镜”电影的想法是：由于西洋镜一次只能由一个人去“窥看”，再借助人们的好奇心，如此便可以增加利益，于是这种电影一时间非常流行。

不久，爱迪生又发明了世界最早的摄影棚，特别有助于电影的发展。

19世纪末，电影的诞生从根本上说是科学技术与艺术相结合的综合产物，使电影这门伟大的艺术叩响了20世纪的大门。

1-4设备说明示意图5-8表格题5. photography6. mirror7. disco8. on a screen9-13判断题9. TRUE10. FALSE11. FALSE12. TRUE13. NOT GIVEN相关英文原文阅读The Camera ObscuraAn artist using an 18th-century camera obscura to trace an image.Photographic cameras were a development of the camera obscura, a device possibly dating back to the ancient Chinese and ancient Greeks, which uses a pinhole or lens to project an image of the scene outside upside-down onto a viewing surface.An Arab physicist, Ibn al-Haytham, published his Book of Optics in 1021 AD. He created the first pinhole camera after observing how light traveled through a window shutter. Ibn al-Haytham realized that smaller holes would create sharper images. Ibn al-Haytham is also credited with inventing the first camera obscura.On 24 January 1544 mathematician and instrument maker Reiners Gemma Frisius of Leuven University used one to watch a solar eclipse, publishing a diagram of his method in De Radio Astronimica et Geometrico in the following year. In 1558 Giovanni Batista della Porta was the first to recommend the method as an aid to drawing.[6] Before the invention of photographic processes there was no way to preserve the images produced by these cameras apart from manually tracing them. The earliest cameras were room-sized, with space for one or more people inside; these gradually evolved into more and more compact models such as that by Nipce's time portable handheld cameras suitable for photography were readily available. The first camera that was small and portable enough to be practical for photography was envisioned by Johann Zahn in 1685, though it would be almost 150 years before such an application was possible.题型难度分析第一篇的题型包括两种图表填空题和判断题。

2015年03月21日雅思阅读考题回顾

雅思考试阅读考题回顾朗阁海外考试研究中心徐航考试日期 2015年3月21日Reading Passage 1TitleExploration and Exploitation 发现新大陆（历史类）V130606 Question types 判断题 7题句子填空 6题文章内容回顾哥伦布发现新大陆的时间英国人也去过。

1864年出发，因为各种原因被阻止，最终带了17个人出发，发现新大陆并且记载，但并没有被流传。

后来有一个人去了但没有记载和证据。

再后来他儿子在那里发展了捕鱼业。

提到南欧和北欧人对鱼的保存方式不同，北欧和挪威人一样dry fish, 但南欧因为地处海边所以用大量盐来处理鱼，对这点有详细的比较说明。

有一个Dr 对这种不同做了详细的比较。

最后一段提到了account 。

1-7判断题1. True2. False3. Not Given4. True5. False6. Not Given7. True8-13句子填空8. 葡萄牙人的船队最远到Africa9. 他们的ships 被大量鱼阻碍10. 南欧人在18世纪储存鱼用salt相关原文阅读First voyage12 October 1492 – Christopher Columbus discovers The Americas for Spain, painting by John Vanderlyn.On the evening of 3 August 1492, Columbus departed from Palos de la Fronterawith three ships: a larger carrack, the Santa María ex-Gallega ("Galician"), and two smaller caravels, the Pinta ("The Pint", "The Look", or "The Spotted One") and the Santa Clara, nicknamed the Niña (lit. "Girl") after her owner Juan Niño of Moguer. The monarchs forced the Palos inhabitants to contribute to the expedition. The Santa María was owned by Juan de la Cosa and captained by Columbus. The Pinta and the Niña were piloted by the Pinzón brothers (Martín Alonso and Vicente Yáñez).Columbus first sailed to the Canary Islands, which belonged to Castile, where he restocked the provisions and made repairs. After stopping over in Gran Canaria, he departed from San Sebastián de La Gomera on 6 September, for what turned out to be a five-week voyage across the ocean. A lookout on the Pinta, Rodrigo de Triana (also known as Juan Rodríguez Bermeo), spotted land about 2:00 on the morning of 12 October, and immediately alerted the rest of the crew with a shout. Thereupon, the captain of the Pinta, Martín Alonso Pinzón, verified the discovery and alerted Columbus by firing a lombard. Columbus later maintained that he himself had already seen a light on the land a few hours earlier, thereby claiming for himself the lifetime pension promised by Ferdinand and Isabella to the first person to sight land.Columbus called the island (in what is now The Bahamas) San Salvador; the natives called it Guanahani. Exactly which island in the Bahamas this corresponds to is unresolved. Based on primary accounts and based on what one would expect based on the geographic positions of the islands given Columbus's venture's course, the prime candidates are San Salvador Island (so named in 1925 on the theory that it was Columbus' San Salvador), Samana Cay, and Plana Cays.The indigenous people he encountered, the Lucayan, Taíno, or Arawak, were peaceful and friendly. Noting their gold ear ornaments, Columbus took some of the Arawaks prisoner and insisted that they guide him to the source of the gold.From the entry in his journal of 12 October 1492, in which he wrote of them, "Many of the men I have seen have scars on their bodies, and when I made signs to them to find out how this happened, theyindicated that people from other nearby islands come to San Salvador to capture them; they defend themselves the best they can. I believe that people from the mainland come here to take them as slaves. They ought to make good and skilled servants, for they repeat very quickly whatever we say to them. I think they can very easily be made Christians, for they seem to have no religion. If it pleases our Lord, I will take six of them to Your Highnesses when I depart, in order that they may learn our language."Columbus remarked that their lack of modern weaponry and metal-forged swords or pikes was a tactical vulnerability, writing, "I could conquer the whole of them with 50 men, and govern them as I pleased."Columbus also explored the northeast coast of Cuba, where he landed on 28 October. On 22 November, Martín Alonso Pinzón took the Pinta on an unauthorized expedition in search of an island called "Babeque" or "Baneque", which the natives had told him was rich in gold. Columbus, for his part, continued to the northern coast of Hispaniola, where he landed on 5 December.There, the Santa María ran aground on Christmas Day 1492 and had to be abandoned. The wreck was used as a target for cannon fire to impress the native peoples. Columbus was received by the native cacique Guacanagari, who gave him permission to leave some of his men behind. Columbus left 39 men, includingLuis de Torres, the Converso interpreter, who spoke Hebrew and Arabic, and founded the settlement of La Navidad at the site of present-day Bord de Mer de Limonade, Haiti. Columbus took more natives prisoner and continued his exploration. He kept sailing along the northern coast of Hispaniola with a single ship, until he encountered Pinzón and the Pinta on 6 January.On 13 January 1493, Columbus made his last stop of this voyage in the New World. He landed on the Samaná Peninsula, where he met the hostile Ciguayos who presented him with his only violent resistance during his first voyage to the Americas. The Ciguayos had refused to trade the amount of bows and arrows that Columbus desired; in the ensuing violence two were stabbed to death. Because of this and because of the Ciguayos' use of arrows, he called the inlet where he met them the Bay of Arrows (or Gulf of Arrows). Today, the place is called the Bay of Rincón, in Samaná, the Dominican Republic. Columbus kidnapped about 10 to 25 natives and took them back with him (only seven or eight of the native Indians arrived inSpain alive, but they made quite an impression onSeville).Columbus headed for Spain on the Niña, but after a stop in the Azores a storm forced him to separate from the Pinta and into the port at Lisbon. He anchored next to the King's harbor patrol ship on 4 March 1493 in Portugal and was interviewed by Bartolomeu Dias, whose rounding of the Cape of Good Hope a few years earlier in 1488–1489 had complicated Columbus's attempts for funding from the Portuguese court. After spending more than one week in Portugal, and paying his respects to Eleanor of Viseu, he set sail for Spain. Ferdinand Magellan was a young boy and a ward of Eleanor's court; it is likely he saw Columbus during this visit. After departing, and after reportedly being saved from assassins by John II of Portugal, Columbus crossed the bar of Saltes and entered the harbor of Palos on 15 March 1493. Word of his finding new lands rapidly spread throughout Europe.Columbus's second voyageColumbus left the port of Cadiz on 24 September 1493, with a fleet of 17 ships carrying 1,200 men and the supplies to establish permanent colonies in the New World. The passengers included priests, farmers, and soldiers, who would be the new colonists. This reflected the new policy of creating not just "colonies of exploitation", but also "colonies of settlement" from which to launch missions dedicated to converting the natives to Christianity. Modern studies suggest that, as reported by the Washington Post, "crew members may have included free black Africans who arrived in the New World about a decade before the slave trade began."As in the first voyage, the fleet stopped at the Canary Islands, from which it departed on 13 October, following a more southerly course than on the previous expedition. On 3 November, Columbus sighted a rugged island that he named Dominica (Latin for Sunday); later that day, he landed at Marie-Galante, which he named Santa María la Galante. After sailing past Les Saintes (Los Santos, "The Saints"), he arrived at the island of Guadeloupe, which he named Santa María de Guadalupe de Extremadura, after the image of the Virgin Mary venerated at the Spanish monastery of Villuercas, inGuadalupe, Cáceres, Spain. He explored that island from 4 to 10 November.Michele da Cuneo, Columbus' childhood friend from Savona, sailed with Columbus during the second voyage and wrote: "In my opinion, since Genoa was Genoa, there was never born a man so wellequipped and expert in the art of navigation as the said lord Admiral." Columbus named the small island of "Saona ... to honor Michele da Cuneo, his friend from Savona."题型难度分析历史类文章是近期考试的高频，多去阅读同类型话题文章，增加对西方历史背景的熟悉度。

【徐州朗阁雅思英语】2015年6月雅思写作真题

雅思考试写作A类考题回顾朗阁海外考试研究中心徐鹏Task 1考试日期2015.06.06类别Map题目The map describes the changes of a park from 1980 to now.题目翻译该地图描述了一个公园从1980年至今的变化。

要素回忆（图表仅供参考）动态地图题写作指导 1. 经典的变迁类map, 主体段分段，一段静态描写1980年，注意过去时，另一段动态描写现在，一般现在时。

2. 注意方位的表达，东南西北等。

3. 注意图二公园四周没有walls, 为开放公园。

4. 注意【增加】【减少】【转变】【不变】的事物，和相关表达。

重点表达式at the beginning and end of the road;be located between road and the west of park;be circled by ……………to the south of …be on the side of ……… be extended to ……（方位）be replaced by ……题目评价难度一般推荐练习剑桥真题1 Test 4 村庄发展2006年9月小作文 Kelsey村庄发展近期考试趋势本月的第一场考试为map, 接下来三场基本不会出现map/flow chart, 需要注意动态line, bar。

Task 2考试日期2015.06.06类别社会类题目Some people prefer to help or support directly in thelocal community for people who need it. However,others prefer to give money to the nations orinternational charities. Discuss both views and giveyour own opinion.题目翻译有些人愿意直接帮助当地社区需要帮助的人，然而，其他人更倾向给国家或是国际慈善机构捐款。

2015年6月13日雅思真题解析

2015年6月13日雅思真题解析2015年6月13日雅思真题解析下载地址：/20150615/yszh-fsy-061507.html?seo=wenku6.3082015年6月13日雅思真题解析已经在小马过河更新发布了！考生可以进入下载地址免费索取下载使用。

2015年6月13日雅思真题解析部分内容：Section 2 版本号场景题型V05204 广播节目 Matching /Multiple Choices背景描述一个女性去斯里兰卡援助的故事详细回忆A need quality to be patient with kidsB learning new skillsC do conservation jobs caring for animalsD learn and know people in a new country (teach…in the farm)E do sight seesingF construct educational facilities11 explore the international A (educational faciliteis in small village in Ghana)12 wild exchange D (help and get to know local people …farm…south America)13 track abroad B (community cnetre for example, mathematic or evenings in Himalayas)14 go adventure C two months in Tanzania, endangered species15 going shot-need qualification A ( forest and lakes, sharing…woodcraft, patient)1、川外 r3考官声音低沉模糊听不清 p1 房子里最喜欢的现在住哪儿喜欢吗蔬菜和水果重要吗去哪儿买方便买吗 p2 a person dresses well p3 去哪儿买衣服网上和现实中买区别网购会取代实体店吗为啥没钱还买贵又时尚的衣服年轻人和老年人谁更喜欢时尚追问较多2、川外 room6 趴1: 你喜欢坐什么交通工具? 忘了太紧张趴2: 描述一个车你想买的vehicle 趴2: 你家乡的traffic 怎么样有什么改变为什么会导致traffic jam 我觉得考官很斯文啊人蛮好的戴眼镜3、川外 room9 可爱的秃秃考官 P1住宿，天气 P2想重温的短途旅行 P3喜欢一个长旅行还是很多短旅行2015年6月13日雅思真题解析下载地址：/20150615/yszh-fsy-061507.html?seo=wenku6.308。

2015年6月13日雅思真题回忆

2015年6月13日雅思真题回忆2015年6月13日雅思真题回忆下载地址：/20150615/yszh-fsy-061507.html?seo=wenku6.3072015年6月13日雅思考试已经结束了！小马雅思老师也在第一时间内给考生整理出了2015年6月13日雅思真题回忆！考生可以进入下载地址免费索取下载使用！2015年6月13日雅思真题回忆部分内容：Section 1 新题咨询场景一个人要去 Toy library 借玩具10填空1. Building open on: Saturday2. Time： open until 8.153. Two kinds of membership, annual fee with family is 964. have to make sure the toy is clean when you are playing5. usually you can borrow 3, borrowing 2 toys can be allowed, another super star6. what else you can do when you join the library is that you can fix toys1.首经贸room13 。

像贝克汉姆的小帅哥感觉很有自己的想法喜欢热烈的debate趴1 apartment house，sky，colletion 趴2 exciting sport 趴3 关于sport的问题2.首经贸 RM8 白人大叔人很友善考的也不是很难趴1 是关于报纸的问了一大堆趴2 是一个遇见的让你很惊喜的人趴3 是关于交朋友的3.北外rm10. p1：work/study. major.where r u from. p2：one thing bring you happy/surprise p3：about happy things/what make u&people happy/how to express/can shopping makes people happy4.北外room3 11：45 part1：study/work tree part2：describe a good cook part3：喜欢在家吃还是在外面吃why 食品安全问题等等5.北外room10 11.05am part1 work and study;where to read. part2 good news part3 年轻人喜欢听新闻吗小孩子应该看新闻吗各种跟新闻有关的然后就没有然后了[呵呵] 亚裔女掐时间其实我就是想问一下追问是好事还是坏事并没有任何追问全程微笑雅思大作文题目Because of traffic and housing problems in the cities，the government encourages business move to the rural area. Do you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?2015年6月13日雅思真题回忆下载地址：/20150615/yszh-fsy-061507.html?seo=wenku6.307。

【徐州朗阁英语】2015年8月雅思考试真题

雅思考试阅读考题回顾朗阁海外考试研究中心徐航考试日期： 2015年8月1日Reading Passage 1Title: Dust and America（环境类）Question types: TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN 7题Notes completion 6题文章内容回顾美国西南沙尘的起源，历史，调查对大平原地带的影响，产生的问题。

1-7. TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN:1. The dust had shot up dramatically since the second half of 19 century. TRUE2. The Aztec civilization disappeared due to the dust in the atmospheres. FALSE3. Before people bringing castles, southwest had a lot of basins in great plain. FALSE4. Basins’ number decreased since European settlers found they were easy to be hunt. NOT GIVEN5. Railway building used more money than expected. NOT GIVEN6. XX railway company worked hard to protect the land they own. FALSE7. Until today the land belonging to company is still infertile. TRUE8-13. Notes completion:1930s law limited 8. cattle herbsToday BF research where the dust comes fromAnalyzing components and 9. size from southwestBN soil cannot be destroyed by high 10. windSoil can be destroyed by cattle hooksAnalyzing 11. lake sedimentsDiscover 12. nutrientsDust cannot be blamed for gradual disappearance of snow and 13. glaciers相关原文阅读House dust mites are present indoors wherever humans live. Positive tests for dust mite allergies are extremely common among people with asthma. Dust mites are microscopic arachnids whose primary food is dead human skin cells, but they do not live on living people. They and their faces and other allergens they produce are major constituents of house dust, but because they are so heavy they are not suspended for long in the air. They are generally found on the floor and other surfaces until disturbed (by walking, for example). It could take somewhere between twenty minutes and two hours for dust mites to settle back down out of the air.Atmospheric or wind-borne dust, also known as aeolian dust, comes from arid and dry regions where high velocity winds are able to remove mostly silt-sized material, deflating susceptible surfaces. This includes areas where grazing, ploughing, vehicle use, and other human activities have further destabilized the land, though not all source areas have been largely affected by anthropogenic impacts.[4] One-third of the global land area is covered by dust-producing surfaces, made up of hyper-arid regions like the Sahara which covers 0.9 billion hectares, and drylands which occupy 5.2 billion hectares.[5] Dust in the atmosphere is produced by saltation and sandblasting of sand-sized grains, and it is transported through the troposphere. This airborne dust is considered an aerosol and once in the atmosphere, it can produce strong local radiative forcing. Saharan dust in particular can be transported and deposited as far as the Caribbean and Amazonia, and may affect air temperatures, cause ocean cooling, and alter rainfall amounts.Coal dust is responsible for the lung disease known as pneumoconiosis, including black lung disease that occurs among coal miners. The danger of coal dust resulted in environmental legislation regulating work place air quality in some jurisdictions. In addition, if enough coal dust is dispersed within the air in a given area, it can create an explosion hazard under certain circumstances. Control of atmospheric dustThe United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) mandates facilities that generate dust minimize or mitigate the production of dust in their operation. The most frequent dust control violations occur at new residential housing developments in urban areas. United States Federal law requires that construction sites obtain permits to conduct earth moving, and include plans to control dust emissions. Control measures include such simple practices as spraying construction and demolition sites with water, and preventing the tracking of dust onto adjacent roads.Some of the issues include:Reducing dust related health risks that include allergic reactions,pneumonia and asthmatic attacks.∙Improving visibility and road safety.∙Providing cleaner air, cleaner vehicles and cleaner homes and promoting better health.∙Improving crop productivity in agriculture.∙Reducing vehicle maintenance costs by lowering the levels of dust that clog filters, bearings and machinery.∙Reducing driver fatigue, maintenance on suspension systems and improving fuel economy.∙Increasing cumulative effect - each new application builds on previous residuals reducing re-application rate *while improving performance.US federal laws require dust control on sources such as vacant lots, unpaved parking lots, and unpaved roads. Dust in such places may be suppressed by mechanical methods, including paving or laying down gravel, or stabilizing the surface with water, vegetable oils[11] or other dust suppressants, or by using water misters to suppress dust that is already airborne.Control of domestic dustDust control is the suppression of solid particles with diameters less than 500 micrometers. Dust in the airstream poses a serious health threat to children,[12]older people, and those with respiratory illnesses.House dust can become airborne easily. Care is required when removing dust to avoid causing the dust to become airborne. A feather duster tends to agitate the dust so it lands elsewhere. Products like Pledge and Swiffer are specifically made for removing dust by trapping it with sticky chemicals.Certified HEPA (tested to MIL STD 282) can effectively trap 99.97% of dust at 0.3 micrometers. Not all HEPA (type/media) filters can effectively stop dust; while vacuum cleaners with HEPA (type/media) filters, water, or cyclones may filter more effectively than without, they may still exhaust millions of particles per cubic foot of air circulated. Central vacuum cleaners can be effective in removing dust, especially if they are exhausted directly to the outdoors.Air filtering appliances differ greatly in their effectiveness. Laser particle counters are an effective way to measure filter effectiveness, medical grade instruments can test for particles as small as 0.3 micrometers. In order to test for dust in the air, there are several options available. Pre weighted filter and matched weight filters made from polyvinyl chloride or mixed cellulose ester are suitable for respirable dust (less than 10 micrometers in diameter).A dust resistant surface is a state of prevention against dust contamination or damage, by a design or treatment of materials anditems in manufacturing or through a repair process. A reducedtacticity of a synthetic layer or covering can protect surfaces andrelease small molecules that could have remained attached. A panel,container or enclosure with seams may feature types of strengthenedrigidity or sealant to vulnerable edges and joins.题型难度分析难度较低，顺序类题型。

20150613雅思写作A类考题回顾朗阁官方

雅思考试写作A类考题回顾朗阁海外考试研究中心徐丹宁Task 1考试日期2015.06.13类别Pie + Bar题目The two graphs below show the water consumed and the residential water use in Australia in 2004.Describe the main features of the figure and makecomparisons where relevant.题目翻译以下饼图和柱状图展示了2004年澳大利亚的水消费和居民用水情况。

选取主要特征对信息进行概括，在相关地方进行比较。

要素回忆（图片仅供参考）写作指导 1. 注意时态的变化；2. 注意按照每幅图的顺序来写，每幅图的最大值必须单独描述；3. 两个图表之间建议进行对比；重点表达式It is residential water consumption ...widely varying degrees ...Comparing the two graphs, it is clear that...题目评价难度简单（静态图）推荐练习OG Test 3 Pie chart近期考试趋势接下来可适当关注线图、表格、柱状图Task 2考试日期2015.06.13类别城市建设类题目Because of traffic and housing problems in the cities, the government should encourage business move tothe rural area. Do you think the advantages outweighthe disadvantages?题目翻译因为城市里的交通和住房紧张，政府应鼓励商业发展转移到农村。

你认为这样做的优点多于缺点吗？写作指导 1. 优点商业转移必带来部分人口迁移回农村，可以减少一定的人口压力；商业的转移可以空出一些空地，用来建设住房。

20150509雅思阅读考题回顾朗阁官方

雅思考试阅读考题回顾朗阁海外考试研究中心李亚珊考试日期 2015年5月9日Reading Passage 1Title Solutions to Indoor Air Pollution (2013.06.08 P1)Question types Short Answer Questions 5题Summary Completion 4题TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN 4题文章内容回顾介绍了关于室内空气污染治理项目的情况和成果。

如何帮助贫困地区的人们改善环境污染，先是回答三个第一段的问题，然后是改善措施的方法，最后是判断正误。

1-5 Short Answer Questions1. weight2. fuel3. distribution4. stoves5. consultations6-9 Summary Completion6. pilot7. review8. 10 million9. international答案分析：室内污染会造成新生儿的low birth weight；很多贫穷地区因为使用biomass fuel而对身体产生危害；有一种技术没有持续使用下去，是因为high distribution cost；有一种新的设备special stoves。

为控制室内空气污染项目的开展流程，开始会做一些consultations和proposals；在中国和印度地区开展pilot projects；先对已经存在的项目做review，这个项目设计让10 million人受益；这个项目是international范围展开的。

题型难度分析第一篇的题型包括简答，归纳填空题以及判断题。

本篇文章简答和判断的难度适中，归纳填空题个别题目定位略难。

题型技巧分析对于Summary一般把握三个关键信息：逻辑关系词，语法属性，定位。

首先，观察空格前后语义间是否有逻辑关系的连接词；其次，预测空格处所填的语法属性；最后，根据顺序原则在空格前后找定位关键词回原文定位。

2015年1雅思阅读真题回忆

Passage 1 ：题⽬：Seed Hunting 内容：濒危种⼦题型：填空概括题4+判断题6+多选题2 题号：旧题⽂章参考： Seed Hunting With quarter of the world's plants set to vanish within the next 50 years, Alexander reports on the scientists working against the clock the preserve the Earth's botanical heritage. They travel the four comers of the globe, scouringjungles，forests and savannas. But they‘re not looking for ancient artefacts，lost treasure or undiscovered tombs. Just pods. It may lack the romantic allure of archaeology, or the whiff of danger that accompanies going after big game, but seed hunting is an increasingly serious business. Some seek seeds for profit hunters in the employ of biotechnologyfirms，pharmaceutical companies and private corporations on the lookout for species that will yield the drugs or crops of the future. Others collect to conserve, working to halt the sad slide into extinction facing so many plant species. Among the pioneers of this botanical treasure hunt was John Trade scant, an English royal gardener who brought back plants and seeds from his journeys abroad in the early 1600s. Later， the English botanist Sir Joseph Banks-who was the first director of the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew and travelled with Captain James Cook on his voyages near the end of the 18th century—was so driven to expand his collections that he sent botanists around the world at his own expense. Those heady days of exploration and discovery may be over, but they have been replaced by a pressing need to preserve our natural history for the future. This modem mission drives hunters such as Dr Michiel van Slageren，a good-natured Dutchman who often sports a wide-brimmed hat in the field⼀he could easily be mistaken for the cinematic hero Indiana Jones. He and three other seed hunters work at the Millennium Seed Bank，an 80 million [pounds sterling] international conservation project that aims to protect the world's most endangered wild plant species. The group's headquarters are in a modem glass-and-concrete structure on a 200-hectare Estate at Wakehurst Place in the West Sussex countryside. Within its underground vaults are 260 million dried seeds from 122 countries, all stored at -20 Celsius to survive for centuries. Among the 5，100 species represented are virtually all of Britain's 1,400 native seed-bearing plants, the most complete such collection of any country‘s flora. Overseen by the Royal botanic gardens, the Millennium Seed Bank is the world's largest wild-plant depository. It aims to collect 24,000 species by 2010. The reason is simple: thanks to humanity’s efforts，an estimated 25 percent of the world's plants are on the verge of extinction and may vanish within 50 years. We're currently responsible for habitat destruction on an unprecedented scale，and during the past 400 years，plant species extinction rates have been about 70 times greater than those indicated by the geological record as being ‘normal’. Experts predict that during the next 50 years a further one billion hectares of wilderness will be converted to farmland in developing countries alone. The implications of this loss are enormous. Besides providing staple food crops，plants are a source of many machines and the principal supply of fuel and building materials in many parts of the world. They also protect soil and help regulate the climate. Yet，across the globe，plant species are being driven to extinction before their potential benefits are discovered. The world Conservation Union has listed 5,714 threatened species is sure to be much higher. In the UK alone, 300 wild plant species are classified as endangered. The Millennium Seed Bank aims to ensure that even if a plant becomes extinct in the wild，it won‘t be lost forever. Stored seeds can be used the help restore damaged or destroyed environment or in scientific research to find new benefits for society- in medicine, agriculture or local industry- that would otherwise be Seed banks are an insurance policy to protect the world’s plant heritage for the future, explains Dr Paul Smith，another Kew seed hunter. "Seed conservation techniques were originally developed by farmers，" he says. "Storage is the basis what we do，conserving seeds until you can use them-just as in farming." Smith says there's no reason why any plant species should become extinct，given today’s technology. But he admits that the biggest challenge is finding，naming and categorising all the world's plants. And someone has to gather these seeds before it’s too late. "There aren't a lot of people out there doing this，" he says." The key is to know the flora from a particular area, and that knowledge takes years to acquire." There are about 1,470 seed banks scattered around the globe，with a combined total of 5.4 million samples，of which perhaps two million are distinct non-duplicates. Most preserve genetic material for agriculture use in order to ensure cropdiversity; others aim to conserve wild species，although only 15 per cent of all banked plants are wild. Many seed banks are themselves under threat due to a lack of funds. Last year, Imperial College, London，examined crop collections from 151 countries and found that while the number of plant samples had increased in two thirds of the countries，budget had been cut in a quarter and remained static in another 35 per cent. The UN's Food and Agriculture Organization and the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research has since set up the Global Conservation Trust，which aims to raise US $260 million to protect seed banks in perpetuity. 题⽬参考： Question 14-19 TRUE/FALSE/ NOT GIVEN 14. The purpose of collecting seeds now is different from the past. True 15. The millennium seed bank is the earliest seed bank. Not given 16. One of major threats for plant species extinction is farmland expansion into wildness. True 17. The approach that scientists apply to store seeds is similar to that used by farmers. True 18. Technological development is the only hope to save plant species. False 19. The works of seed conservation are often limited by financial problems. True Question 20-24 Summary Some people collect seeds for the purpose of protecting certain species from 20 extinction; others collect seeds for their ability to produce 21 drugs，crops. They are called seed hunters. The 22 pioneers of them included both gardeners and botanists, such as 23 Sir Joseph Banks，who financially supported collectors out of his own pocket. The seeds collected are usually stored in seed banks，one of which is the famous millennium seed bank，where seeds are all stored in the 24 underground vaults at a low temperature. Question 25-26 Multiple choice Which TWO of the following are provided by plants to the human? AB A food B fuels C clothes D energy E commercial products (顺序可能有误，仅供参考) Passage 2 : 题⽬：Implication of False Belief Experiments 内容：错误信念实验题型：段落信息配对题7+概括题7 参考⽂章：(⽂章为部分回忆贫选，仅供参考) Implication of False Belief Experiments A A considerable amount of research since the mid 1980s has been concerned with what has been termed children’s theory of mind. This involves children’s ability to understand that people can have different beliefs and representations of the world -a capacity that is shown by four years of age. Furthermore, this ability appears to be absent in children with autism. The ability to work out what another person is thinking is clearly an important aspect of both cognitive and social development. Furthermore, one important explanation for autism is that children suffering from this condition do not have a theory of mind (TOM). Consequently, the development of children’s TOM has attracted considerable attention. B Wimmer and Pemer devised a 'false belief task5 to address this question. They used some toys to act out the followingstory. Maxi left some chocolate in a blue cupboard before he went out. When he was away his mother moved the chocolate to a green cupboard. Children were asked to predict where Maxi will look for his chocolate when he returns. Most children under four years gave the incorrect answer，that Maxi will look in the green cupboard. Those over four years tended to give the correct answer, that Maxi will look in the blue cupboard. The incorrect answers indicated that the younger children did not understand that Maxi’s beliefs and representations no longer matched the actual state of the world, and they failed to appreciate that Maxi will act on the basis of his beliefs rather than the way that the world is actually organised. C A simpler version of the Maxi task was devised by Baron-Cohen to take account of criticisms that younger children may have been affected by the complexity and too much information of the story in the task described above. For example, the child is shown two dolls， Sally and Anne, who have a basket and a box，respectively. Sally also has a marble，which she places in her basket，and then leaves to take a walk. While she is out of the room，Anne takes the marble from the basket, eventually putting it in the box. Sally returns, and the child is then asked where Sally will look for the marble. The child passes the task if she answers that Sally will look in the basket，where she put the marble; the child fails the task if she answers that Sally will look in the box，where the child knows the marble is hidden，even though Sally cannot know, since she did not see it hidden there. In order to pass the task，the child must be able to understand that another’s mental representation of the situation is different from their own，and the child must be able to predict behavior based on that understanding. The results of research using false-belief tasks have been fairly consistent: most normally-developing children are unable to pass the tasks until around age four. D Leslie argues that，before 18 months，children treat the world in a literal way and rarely demonstrate pretence. He also argues that it is necessary for the cognitive system to distinguish between what is pretend and what is real. If children were not able to do this, they would not be able to distinguish between imagination and reality. Leslie suggested that this pretend play becomes possible because of the presence of a de-coupler that copies primary representations to secondary representations. For example, children，when pretending a banana is a telephone, would make a secondary representation of a banana. They would manipulate this representation and they would use their stored knowledge of 'telephone5 to build on this pretence. E There is also evidence that social processes play a part in the development of TOM. Meins and her colleagues have found that what they term mindmindedness in maternal speech to six-month old infants is related to both security of attachment and to TOM abilities. Mindmindedness involves speech that discusses infants5 feelings and explains their behaviour in terms of mental states (e. g. < you’re feeling hungry’).。

20150613雅思听力考题回顾朗阁官方

雅思考试听力考题回顾朗阁海外考试研究中心罗爽考试日期 2015年6月13日总体评析三旧：Section 2 &Section 3 &Section 4 一新：Section1Section 1 版本号场景题型New Enquiry Completion一句话简介一个人要去Toy library借玩具详细回忆1-10填空题：1. open on Saturday2. Time: open until 8.153. two kinds of membership, annual fee with family is964. have to make sure toy is clean when you are playing5. another superstar6. What else you can do when you join the library is that you can fix toys7. school8. family9. work10. account NO.重点技巧个人信息与数字是相对容易得分的题目，但十道之中还是有三至四题需要仔细审题，看清约束、限定的条件，提防干扰项，若有个别难词，听音记下来即可。

Section 2版本号场景题型V140118 S2 Radio broadcast Matching / Multiple Choice一句话简介广播节目——慈善，一个女孩要去斯里兰卡援助的故事详细回忆11-15配对题：A. Teaching someone somethingB. Do conservation jobsC. Learn new skills11. Explorer the international 选：C12. Wild exchange 选：A13. Track abroad 选：B14. Go adventure 选：B15. Going shot-need qualification 选：A16-20选择题：16. What kind of job does she do in the zoo? 选：BA. repair carpetB. washing and caring elephant17. What problem did she meet when she first arrived there? 选：CA. feel homesickB. boringC. being ill18. Activities with friends on weekend 选：BA. serve a travel guide to adjustB. coach trip to coast sea in some day19. Volunteers divide into groups based on 选：AA. the same interestB. the same ageC. different background20. The result of being the volunteer 选：BB. being proud of achievementsC. confident after coming back重点技巧多选题必须看清选择的是“是”的概念还是“非”的概念，并随手划除干扰项，减小阅读的范围。

20150606雅思阅读考题回顾朗阁官方

雅思考试阅读考题回顾朗阁海外考试研究中心孔萌霞考试日期 2015年6月6日Reading Passage 1Title The media literacy of childrenQuestion types Summary Completion 7题TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN 6题文章内容回顾第一段介绍三种主要方式；第二段提到儿童使用Internet会碰到的问题，比如financial risk；第四段提到older media没有new media获得的研究多；第五段提到关于barriers的研究成果；第六段提到家长的行为带来的影响；第七段提到television和mobile phone可能带来的危害。

1-7摘要填空题1. access2. financial risk3. most research focus on new media8-13判断题8. barriers已经获得了considerable research. False9. parents会影响孩子的literacy. True10. mobile phones是潜在可能带来危害的工具. True相关英文原文阅读Access has two dimensions. It is, firstly, about physical access to equipment, in a setting where it is possible to use it in an unrestricted way. However, it is also a matter of the ability to manipulate technology (and related software tools) in order to locate the content or information that one requires. With older media, physical access is rarely considered to be a significant issue: terrestrial television and analogue radio are now more or less universally available, and the majority of children now have access to both in the private space of their own bedrooms. However, with new media, there are still significant inequalities in levels of access between different social class groups.A final dimension to consider here concerns children’s awareness of personal risk, particularly in relation to new media. Research indicates that risk-taking serves specific developmental purposes for adolescents as they define themselves as more mature than children: these include achieving social status, developing autonomyand facing anxieties (Lightfoot, 1997). Children and young people’s statements about knowing how to avoid risks and expressions of invulnerability can also be explained in psychological terms as ‘a product of having a sense of control or self-efficacy’ (Perloff, 1983 in Valentine and Holloway, 2003: 93). Awareness of internet risks and the presence of risktaking, therefore, can be seen as developmental factors contributing to media literacy there is emerging public concern regarding children’s safety in connection with new 3G (third generation) mobile phones offering photo messaging, video streaming, unlimited internet access and Bluetooth technology (BBC News, 2004; Carr, 2004; O’Connell, 2003). Advocates for regulation of these technologies argue that children are more likely to be susceptible to bullying and paedophiles (Batty, 2004).However, such claims have yet to be sustained by any empirical research; and, as with research on internet risk, we need to find out how these risks are understood and experienced by children, and how they learn to deal with them.Access and exposure to online pornography is another public concern. Statistics are available to indicate frequency of exposure to online pornography (Carr, 2004; Livingstone and Bober, 2004a), and one might argue that media literacy skills are crucial for children to be able to cope with such encounters. The UKCGO survey indicates that children and young people, when encountering online pornography, will leave a site, delete an e-mail or pursue the image (look at it, share with a friend, go back to it).Although this survey gives us a rough indication of children’s responses to such material (e.g. 54% of weekly users ‘say they didn’t think too much about it’), there has been little qualitative research to examine how such material is experienced or even understood (Sutter, 2000 in Livingstone 2003). A small scale study by Burn and Willett (in press) indicates that children share stories about pornography and paedophilia that are often based on half-truths, especially when such topics are considered taboo; while Bevort and Breda (2001) found that French children were more concerned about ‘race hate’ sites than about pornography or paedophiles, and that the more they used the internet, the more confident they became of their ability to cope with such material. Both studies suggest that the way forward for media literacy is through open discussion and engagement with risks, rather than censorship.Furthermore, it could be argued that this awareness of risks extendsonly to those most frequently promoted by moral campaigners. Although children and young people are part of the e-commerce industry through gaming, downloading music, shopping and online auctions, we found no research on awareness of financial risk; or indeed of technical risks such as viruses. As we shall see, children’s awareness of the risks of online marketing is limited (Seiter, 2004a).The most widely acknowledged barrier to the development of media literacy is the so called ‘digital divide’. This is often seen primarily as a matter of access. Factors such as social class and gender are key determinants of people’s access to new media technologies, and of the quality of that access (for example, as defined in terms of the specification of the equipment, and the ease with which people are able to use it in different locations). Factors such as disability and personal dispositions towards technology also play a role here. However, it is important to recognise that the digital divide is more than simply a question of access to technology: it is also a matter of the skills and competencies (the media literacy) that are required to use that technology effectively, and to secure the maximum benefit from it. People who have less access to technology have fewer opportunities to develop these skills and competencies; and hence are less likely to seek out opportunities to use it in the first place. The opposite will be true for those who enjoy high levels of access; and so there is a danger that – despite the falling price of the technology – there will be a polarisation in this respect between the media ‘haves’ and ‘have nots’.Messaris (1986) found that parents (or at least mothers) played an important positive role in young children’s learning from television, in three main respects. Firstly, at a very young age, they helped children to make distinctions between different types of programmes, and between television and reality. Secondly, they helped children to evaluate the accuracy of television representations, and hence to adjust unrealistic expectations about the real world that might have arisen from television viewing.Thirdly, parents could provide ‘background’ information when children were confronted with unfamiliar material, particularly relating to aspects of adult life that children could not have experienced themselves.题型难度分析第一篇的题型包括摘要填空以及阅读必考题是非无判断题，这两个题型都是近期考试出现频率较高的题目。

【徐州朗阁雅思英语】2015年雅思阅读

出国留学考雅思、新托福、备考大学四六级，就来徐州朗阁雅思阅读List of Heading做题方法小议朗阁海外考试研究中心朗阁海外考试研究中心的专家在长期的雅思阅读教学中发现，List of Heading（选标题）这类题型被绝大多数同学视作为“洪水猛兽”，往往在做题过程中觉得“心力交瘁”。

但是，事实真的如此吗？有没有快速有效的做题方法呢？今天朗阁专家就带领各位在雅思阅读这个烤炉里经历煎熬的烤鸭们来小议一下怎么才能把List of Heading这种题型做得又快又准确，达到事半功倍的效果。

Tip 1 了解常见学术性文章结构List of Heading（选标题），顾名思义就是去给每个段落选择合适的能够准确概括段落大意的标题。

根据这样的题型特点，为了在做题的时候能够有的放矢，我们不妨来了解一下雅思阅读文章的常见结构。

一般而言，学术性文章的展开有两大类，一类是演绎法(deductive)也就是我们常说的分总结构，另一类是归纳法(inductive) 即总分结构，并且相对而言后者还要更普遍一些。

基于这样的文章结构，去阅读文章的首句、末句就显得直接有效了。

同时，也提醒大家，一篇文章中的某些段落可能存在导入句或者过度句，这时候该段次句往往揭示了这个段落的主要内容。

那么，我们的阅读策略就变成了阅读文章的首句、次句和末句。

接下来，笔者将利用一些真题的例子来帮助大家运用这样的做题方法。

以剑8 Test 2中的Reading Passage 3 Q 27-Q 32为例：首先我们先审题干，也就是Heading的部分，找到关键词后再移步到文章的部分。

下面以第一段为例，带大家一起来实战一下。

（首句、次句和末句已经做了下划线处理）A survey conducted by Anthony Synott at Montreal’s Concordia Unive rsity asked participants to comment on how important smell was to them in their lives. It became apparent that smell can evoke strong emotional responses. A scent associated with a good experience can bring a rush of joy, while a foul odour or出国留学考雅思、新托福、备考大学四六级，就来徐州朗阁 one associated with a bad memory may make us grimace with disgust. Respondents to the survey noted that many of their olfactory likes and dislikes were based on emotional associations. Such associations can be powerful enough so that odours that we would generally label unpleasant become agreeable, and those that we would generally consider fragrant become disagreeable for particular individuals. The perception of smell, therefore, consists not only of the sensation of the odours themselves, but of the experience and emotions associated with them.划线部分为该段的首句、次句和末句，第一句的主干只有A survey asked participants to comment on how important smell was to them in their lives（气味对于受调查者生活的重要性，到底是否重要、为什么重要、怎么重要之类的信息呼之欲出）。

2015年03月28日雅思阅读考题回顾

雅思考试阅读考题回顾朗阁海外考试研究中心王婧考试日期2015年3月28日Reading Passage 1Title 扣子的历史Question types TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN 5题Complete Sentences 8题部分答案1-5 TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN1. TRUE2. FALSE3. NOT GIVEN4. TRUE5. FALSE6-13 Complete Sentences6. dressers7. materials8. diamonds9. portraits10. box11. plastics12. zips13. jet题型技巧分析TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN: 首先注意定位，该题型为顺序题型，注意同义替换以及FALSE和NOT GIVEN的辨析。

FALSE是题目与文章的对立，而NOT GIVEN则是题目与文章不呈现关联。

该篇文章虽然是新题，但难度不大，是历史类文章。

剑桥雅思推荐原文练习剑5 TEST 4Reading Passage 2Title 仿生学Question types Matching 4题Summary 5题Multiple Choice 4题难度分析新题，管理类文章，配对4题，填空5题，选择4题，虽然题型较多，但是难度一般。

部分考题答案14-17 Matching14. 选：G15. 选：E16. 选：B17. 选：I18-22 Summary18. dawn19. fog20. breeze21. moth22. roof23-26 Multiple Choice23. 选：C24. 选：D25. 选：B26. 选：A剑桥雅思推荐原文练习剑6 TEST 1Reading Passage 3Title 医学Question types MatchingMultiple choiceYES /NO /NOT GIVEN 6题文章内容回顾Placebo effect安慰剂的效应Conventional doctor和alternative doctor部分考题答案27-34 Matching & Multiple choice27. 选：C28. 选：G29. 选：D30. 选：B31. 选：H32. 选：D33. 选：A32. 选：D33. 选：A34. 选：A35-40 YES /NO /NOT GIVEN35. NO36. NOT GIVEN37. NOT GIVEN38. NO39. YES40. YES题型技巧分析单选题：答案是文中出现的信息，同义替换即可，不要画蛇添足，加入自己的主观想象。