英文开题报告模板
开题报告英文版
开题报告英文版开题报告英文版开题报告英文版一:Outline 2.1 Development and major concepts of DTS In this part I will describe Holms’ basic map of DTS and the relationship between function, process and product. I will also discuss some important concepts such as pseudo-translation, multiple translation, translationese, norm etc. 2.2 Methodolgy I will in this part discuss the methodology of DTS before I apply the same to the case study in this thesis with emphasis to be placed on semiotic approach and the concept norm. 2.3 DTS in contrast to other theories A contrast study will be conducted here with the objective to find the difference of DTS from other theories such as equivalence theory and the Chinese Xin Da Ya criteria. Some advantage will possibly be shown in this study. 2.4 Case study In this part, translation of The Dream of Red Mansions (also translated as The Story of The Stone) will be under investigation inlight of DTS. Translation samples to be quoted here will be selected at random. 2.5 Conclusion Based on the above elaboration of DTS and thecase study, possible conclusion will be on the advantage of DTS in specific study of translation. Suggestions on further research efforts will be made also. (Note: While the topic will remain the same, the above arrangement of contents is subject to change in the process of writing.)开题报告英文版二:Function and Application of Descriptive Translation Studies 1 Introduction The intention of this study is to explore possible advantages of Descriptive Translation Studies as in its application in translation practice and translation analysis. Since early 20th century, translation studies gradually broke away from the marginal status within other related disciplines and established itself as an empirical science. From then on, schools of thought have kept coming out and each claimsits legitimacy for existence. Among these schools is Descriptive Translation Studies (DTS). DTS approaches translation from an empirical perspective. Translation is viewed to be a social activity havingsignificant importance in the receiving culture and for the target community. Therefore, translation is dealt with beyond the linguistic realization and language comparison, and is incorporated in social and cultural context. My attention was first directed to DTS by its peculiar characteristic of observation, description and explanation. The subject is whatever happens in translation practice, from the determination of prospective function of translation to the process of translator’s choice of strategies, brainstorming and the revision, to the final product making appearance in the target community. The method of DTS is basically descriptive. The prescriptive tendency and the problem-solution pattern is abandoned. Translation phenomena are noted down. With accumulated data, some underlying truths about translation will come out which will prove to be instructive not only for theoretical probe but also for applied translation practice. I will apply this descriptive method in the case study of this thesis. A convenient tool has been set up to conduct DTS. “Norm” is operative at every stage of description and explanation. Function, process and product and their relationship as well are skeletal structure of what constitute descriptive studies. Translation phenomena are accounted for with the help of norm. The case taken in this thesis is the Chinese classic The Dream of Red Mansions. Two English versions translated respectively by Yang Hsien-yi and David Hawks are compared and observations are made in regard to their translation approaches. In this regard, my observations are limited to several aspects, I hope in-depth observation and explanation will done in light of DTS.。
毕业设计开题报告--英文
Understood on the international present mainstream the technology, the application system as well as our country transform the technological strength and the hardware facility as well as the expenditure which needs.
Construct Enviroment & Equioment
一.The background of research:
Our country heating area are general, the heating time is long, is day by day intense to the energy demand and is urgent, but by the tradition fossil energy primarily our country, the resources dries up day by day, the consumption is big, the pollution serious also cannot regenerate, the energy tense situation aggravating, this requests us to have to improve the heating way unceasingly, the technical method, uses the least energy to produce the greatest quantity of heat in order to.But concentrates heats is not high in our country's popular degree, the centralism heats the production technology is not extremely advanced, this requests us studies the use to this kind of technology and the form, our country's centralism heats only distributes in the city and developed cities, also only is uses the winter various each household bunker coal regarding not the developed area and the general countrysides to warm up, this is to the energy huge waste and the environmental pollution, is the transformation key point.Even if already uses the area which the centralism heated, also was the level is uneven, does things their own way, could not form the unified system, did the heat energy assignment to be uneven, the hot heat, cold cold, affected the efficiency seriously, thus it can be seen, carried on the transformation to the obsolete pipe network, carried on the promotion to the existing equipment, established widespread also the unified big centralism heating pipe network system imperative.
开题报告英文附录范文
开题报告英文附录范文Appendix1. Survey QuestionnaireDear respondent,Thank you for taking the time to complete this questionnaire. The purpose of this survey is to gather information about consumers' preferences and behaviors regarding online shopping. Your responses will be anonymous and will only be used for research purposes.Please check the box that best applies to you or provide your own response where necessary.1. Gender:- Male- Female- Prefer not to say2. Age:- Under 18- 18-25- 26-35- 36-45- 46-55- 56 and above3. How often do you shop online?- Daily- Weekly- Monthly- Once in a while- Never4. What is your main reason for shopping online?- Convenience- Better prices- Wider selection- Avoiding crowds- Other (please specify)5. Which factors are most important to you when selecting an online store? (Rank from most important to least important) - Price- Product quality- Customer reviews- Delivery options- Return policy- Website design and usability- Other (please specify)6. Have you ever experienced any issues or problems when shopping online? (Select all that apply)- Late delivery- Damaged or defective products- Poor customer service- Difficulty making returns- Security concerns (e.g., credit card information)- Other (please specify)- None7. How likely are you to recommend online shopping to others? - Very likely- Likely- Neutral- Unlikely- Very unlikely8. In your opinion, what could online stores do to improve the shopping experience?Thank you for participating in this survey. Your feedback is greatly appreciated.。
英文开题报告作文模板范文
英文开题报告作文模板范文英文回答:Title of the Dissertation Proposal。
1. Introduction。
Briefly introduce the topic of the dissertation, its significance, and the research questions to be addressed.2. Literature Review。
Review relevant literature to establish the theoretical and empirical foundation for the research.Identify gaps in knowledge and explain how the dissertation will address them.3. Research Methodology。
Describe the research design, methods, and data collection procedures.Justify the choice of methodology and explain how itwill enable the researcher to answer the research questions.4. Expected Outcomes。
State the expected outcomes of the research, including the contributions to knowledge and implications for theory and practice.5. Timeline。
Outline the proposed timeline for completing the dissertation.6. References。
开题报告 英文 格式
开题报告英文格式Title: Opening Report: A Comprehensive Guide to Writing an Effective Research ProposalIntroduction:In the realm of academic research, a well-crafted opening report, commonly known as a research proposal, serves as a crucial first step towards undertaking a successful study. This article aims to provide a comprehensive guide on how to write an effective research proposal in English, ensuring that researchers can present their ideas and methodologies clearly and convincingly.1. Background and Significance:The opening section of a research proposal should establish the background of the study and highlight its significance. It is essential to clearly articulate the problem or research question, explaining why it is worth investigating. By providing a concise literature review, the researcher can demonstrate their understanding of the existing knowledge and identify any gaps that their study aims to fill.2. Objectives and Research Questions:In this section, the researcher should outline the specific objectives they aim to achieve through their study. These objectives should be specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART). Furthermore, the research questions should be formulated in a way that allows for a systematic investigation and analysis of the chosen topic.3. Methodology:The methodology section details the research design, data collection methods, and analysis techniques that will be employed in the study. It is crucial to provide a clear rationale for the chosen methodology and justify its appropriateness in addressing the research questions. Additionally, ethical considerations and potential limitations should be addressed to ensure the validity and reliability of the study.4. Expected Outcomes and Implications:In this section, the researcher should outline the expected outcomes of the study and discuss their potential implications. It is important to demonstrate how the findings will contribute to the existing body of knowledge and how they can be applied in practical contexts. Clear and concise statements regarding the significance and potential impact of the research are essential in this section.5. Timeline and Budget:A research proposal should include a timeline that outlines the various stages of the study, from data collection to analysis and report writing. This timeline should be realistic and consider any potential challenges or delays that may arise. Furthermore, a budget estimation should be provided, detailing the resources required for the successful completion of the study.6. Conclusion:The conclusion of the research proposal should summarize the main points discussed throughout the document. It should reiterate the significance of thestudy and highlight its potential contributions to the field. Additionally, any potential challenges or limitations should be acknowledged, and strategies for mitigating them should be proposed.Conclusion:Writing an effective research proposal requires careful planning, a clear understanding of the research objectives, and the ability to articulate the significance of the study. By following the structure outlined in this guide, researchers can ensure that their opening report is comprehensive, persuasive, and sets the stage for a successful research endeavor. Remember, a well-written research proposal not only enhances the chances of project approval but also lays the foundation for a rigorous and impactful study.。
开题报告自述英文范文
开题报告自述英文范文I. IntroductionThis research report provides a detailed account of the objectives, methodology, findings, and conclusions of a study conducted on [insert topic/subject]. The purpose of this study was to [briefly state the main objectives of the research]. The insights gained from this research will contribute to a deeper understanding of [insert the significance/importance of the research topic].II. ObjectivesThe primary objectives of this research were:1. To explore [objective 1].2. To investigate [objective 2].3. To analyze [objective 3].III. MethodologyTo achieve the aforementioned objectives, a mixed-methods approach was adopted. Firstly, a comprehensive literature review was conducted to gather existing knowledge and identify research gaps. This served as the foundation for developing the research framework.Next, primary data collection was carried out through [state the data collection method] involving [number] participants [describe the participant selection criteria]. The data collection tool used was [state the tool], comprising of [state the components, e.g.,questionnaire, survey, interview guide]. The data collection phase was followed by data analysis, which involved both quantitative and qualitative techniques.IV. FindingsThe findings of this study revealed several key insights:1. [Present and discuss the findings related to objective 1].2. [Present and discuss the findings related to objective 2].3. [Present and discuss the findings related to objective 3].These findings shed light on [insert the implications/significance of the results] and contribute to the academic knowledge in the field of [insert the relevant field of study].V. DiscussionThe findings of this research were analyzed and interpreted in the context of relevant theoretical frameworks and existing literature. This section highlights the key insights derived from the findings and discusses their implications. Additionally, any discrepancies or limitations encountered during the research process are acknowledged and addressed.VI. ConclusionBased on the findings and discussions presented above, it can be concluded that [summarize the main findings and their implications]. The outcomes of this study provide valuable insightsfor [describe who can benefit from the research findings] and have implications for future research in this area.VII. RecommendationsDrawing from the conclusions, the following recommendations are suggested for further research or practical applications:1. [Recommendation 1].2. [Recommendation 2].3. [Recommendation 3].Implementing these recommendations may lead to further advancements and improvements in the field of [insert relevant field].VIII. References[List the references used throughout the report, following the appropriate citation style].。
开题报告英文模板pdf
开题报告英文模板pdfTitle: A Comprehensive Guide to Writing an Effective Research Proposal: An English Template PDFIntroduction:Writing a research proposal is a crucial step in the research process as it outlines the objectives, methodology, and significance of a study. This article aims to provide a comprehensive guide to writing an effective research proposal, focusing on an English template PDF. By following this guide, researchers will be equipped with the necessary tools to craft a well-structured and persuasive research proposal.1. Understanding the Purpose of a Research Proposal:A research proposal serves as a roadmap for a research project, highlighting its significance, research questions, and proposed methodology. It is essential to clearly define the research problem, objectives, and expected outcomes to convince the readers of the proposal's relevance and feasibility.2. Components of a Research Proposal:a) Title: The title should be concise, clear, and indicative of the research topic.b) Abstract: A brief summary of the proposal, highlighting the research problem, objectives, methodology, and expected outcomes.c) Introduction: Provide background information on the research topic, including its significance and relevance to the field.d) Literature Review: Review existing literature related to the research topic,identifying gaps and justifying the need for the proposed study.e) Research Questions/Hypotheses: Clearly state the research questions or hypotheses that the study aims to address.f) Methodology: Describe the research design, data collection methods, and analysis techniques to be employed.g) Expected Outcomes: Discuss the anticipated results and their potential implications.h) Timeline: Provide a detailed schedule outlining the various stages of the research project.i) References: Cite all the sources referenced in the proposal using the appropriate citation style.3. Writing Style and Formatting:a) Clarity and Conciseness: Use clear and concise language to convey ideas effectively.b) Grammar and Syntax: Ensure proper grammar and syntax to enhance readability.c) Structure: Organize the proposal into logical sections and paragraphs, maintaining a coherent flow of ideas.d) Formatting: Follow the prescribed formatting guidelines, including font size, margins, and spacing.4. Tips for Writing an Effective Research Proposal:a) Clearly define the research problem and objectives.b) Conduct a comprehensive literature review to identify gaps and justify the need for the proposed study.c) Clearly state the research questions or hypotheses.d) Provide a detailed and feasible methodology.e) Anticipate and address potential limitations and ethical considerations.f) Demonstrate the significance and potential impact of the proposed research.g) Seek feedback from mentors or colleagues to improve the proposal's quality. Conclusion:Writing a research proposal is a critical step in the research process, and an English template PDF can serve as a valuable resource. By understanding the purpose, components, and tips for writing an effective research proposal, researchers can enhance their chances of securing funding and conducting impactful research. Remember, a well-structured and persuasive research proposal is the foundation for a successful research project.。
开题报告英文模板doc
开题报告英文模板篇一:开题报告英文版模板Proposed Title for Dissertation:(Times New Roman 四号加粗)On Domestication and Foreignizationfrom the Perspective of Intercultural Communication(Times New Roman加粗小三号, 居中)I. Background(Times New Roman加粗四号)文本部分全部使用Times New Roman 小四号字体;1.5倍行距;缩进使用tab键本部分些个人选择所领域的原因和背景。
英文例子只是为了让学生能对字号和行距要求有一个直观的理解。
Over the last ten years, the implications of research into language acquisition (Crook & Gass, 1993) and the results of Prabhu?s task-based teaching experiment in India (Willis, 1990) have led to an increasing interest in the potential of task-based teaching of languages. However, this approach seems not easy to apply in Mainland China and Hong Kong due to the large class EFL teaching in those areas and a general lack of the environment in practicing thetarget language (Tsang, XX).Recent years have shown an explosion of interest in using computers for language teaching and learning. With the advent of multimedia computing and the Internet, ?the role of computers in language instruction has now become an important issue confronting large numbers of language teachers throughout the world? (Warschauer & Healey,1998). In the growing field of foreign language teaching to university students in large EFL class, then, the Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) approach may appear to be an almost obvious choice. Nevertheless, the research into an integrative use of the task-based language (TBL) approach and CALL has be(本文来自: 小草范文网:开题报告英文模板)en rather sparse in China.II. Research Questions and Its SignificanceThis dissertation aims at finding an answer to the question of what is the most appropriate way of teaching Chinese university students in large EFL class. The research begins with the hypothetical premise that CALL may solve some problems in large EFL class teaching,and it highlights aspects around using tasks in CALL approach. In doing so, the researcher hopes to gain some insights into the CALL approach and to contribute in some way to the improvement of English language teaching (ELT) in China.研究意义可参照中文版本Ⅲ. Literature Review本选题在国内外研究的现状,内容参照中文版本IV. Difficulties and Initiatives of the Research 内容参照中文版本V. Outline of the Proposed Structure of the Dissertation1. Introduction论述当今…的现状,从而引出本课题的研究重点,选题意义,简要说明本文的文章结构和布局。
论文开题报告英文版
论文开题报告英文版Title: The Significance of a Research ProposalIntroduction:A research proposal is an essential component of any academic research project. It serves as a blueprint for the study, outlining the research questions, objectives, methodology, and expected outcomes. This article aims to discuss the importance of a research proposal and its key elements.1. Background and Rationale:The research proposal begins with providing a background and rationale for the chosen topic. This section highlights the significance of the research problem, the gap in existing literature, and the potential contributions of the study. It helps establish the context and justifies the need for the research.2. Research Questions and Objectives:The research questions and objectives form the core of a research proposal. These are the specific queries that the study aims to address and the goals it intends to achieve. The questions should be clear, concise, and aligned with the research problem. The objectives should be measurable and realistic, providinga roadmap for the research process.3. Literature Review:A comprehensive literature review is crucial in a research proposal. It demonstrates the researcher's understanding of the existing body of knowledge related to the topic. By critically analyzing previous studies, the literature reviewhelps identify gaps, controversies, and areas for further investigation. It also establishes the theoretical framework that will guide the research.4. Methodology:The methodology section outlines the research design, data collection methods, and analysis techniques to be employed. It explains how the research questions will be answered and how the objectives will be achieved. The methodology should be appropriate for the research problem and should address potential limitations and ethical considerations. This section ensures the study's credibility and reliability.5. Expected Outcomes and Significance:In this section, the researcher discusses the anticipated outcomes of the study. These may include new insights, practical applications, or theoretical advancements. The expected outcomes should be realistic and aligned with the research questions and objectives. Additionally, the researcher highlights the significance of the study, emphasizing its potential impact on the academic field or society.6. Timeline and Budget:A research proposal often includes a timeline and budget section. The timeline provides an overview of the research process, indicating the duration of each phase, such as literature review, data collection, and analysis. The budget estimates the financial resources required for the study, including equipment, participant compensation, and research assistance. These sections ensure thefeasibility and practicality of the research.Conclusion:A well-crafted research proposal is essential for any academic research project. It provides a clear direction, justifies the research, and ensures the study's rigor. By addressing the key elements discussed in this article, researchers can develop a comprehensive and persuasive research proposal that increases the chances of project approval and success.。
英文研究生开题报告范文
英文研究生开题报告范文Title: A Study on the Impact of Social Media on Mental Health Among Graduate Students1. IntroductionSocial media has become an integral part of our daily lives, especially for graduate students who often use itfor academic and social purposes. However, the excessive use of social media has been linked to various mental health issues such as anxiety, depression, and loneliness. This study aims to explore the impact of social media on the mental health of graduate students.2. Literature ReviewPrevious research has shown that the use of social media can lead to negative mental health outcomes. For example, a study by Kross et al. (2013) found that increased Facebook use was associated with declines in subjective well-being. Similarly, another study by Primack et al. (2017) indicated that the use of social media was significantly associated with increased levels of depression.3. Research ObjectivesThe main objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between social media use and mental health among graduate students. Specifically, we aim to examine the frequency and duration of social media use, as well as the types of social media platforms used by graduate students. Additionally, we will assess the mental health status of participants using standardized scales such as the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21).4. MethodologyThis study will employ a quantitative research design, utilizing a survey questionnaire to collect data from graduate students. The questionnaire will include items related to social media use, mental health status, and demographic information. The data will be analyzed using statistical techniques such as correlation analysis and regression analysis to identify any significant relationships between social media use and mental health outcomes.5. Expected OutcomesWe expect to find a significant association between social media use and mental health among graduate students.It is hypothesized that higher levels of social media usewill be associated with poorer mental health outcomes. Additionally, we anticipate that certain types of social media platforms, such as Instagram and Snapchat, may have a stronger impact on mental health compared to others.中文回答:1. 简介社交媒体已经成为我们日常生活的一个重要组成部分,尤其是对于经常用于学术和社交目的的研究生来说。
开题报告英文模板
开题报告英文模板篇一:开题报告英文版模板Proposed Title for Dissertation:(Times New Roman 四号加粗)On Domestication and Foreignizationfrom the Perspective of Intercultural Communication(Times New Roman加粗小三号, 居中)I. Background(Times New Roman加粗四号)文本部分全部使用Times New Roman 小四号字体;1.5倍行距;缩进使用tab键本部分些个人选择所领域的原因和背景。
英文例子只是为了让学生能对字号和行距要求有一个直观的理解。
Over the last ten years, the implications of research into language acquisition (Crook & Gass, 1993) and the results of Prabhu?s task-based teaching experiment in India (Willis, 1990) have led to an increasing interest in the potential of task-based teaching of languages. However, this approach seems not easy to apply in Mainland China and Hong Kong due to the large class EFL teaching in those areas and a general lack of the environment in practicing thetarget language (Tsang, XX).Recent years have shown an explosion of interest in using computers for language teaching and learning. With the advent of multimedia computing and the Internet, ?the role of computers in language instruction has now become an important issue confronting large numbers of language teachers throughout the world? (Warschauer & Healey,1998). In the growing field of foreign language teaching to university students in large EFL class, then, the Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) approach may appear to be an almost obvious choice. Nevertheless, the research into an integrative use of the task-based language (TBL) approach and CALL has be(本文来自: 小草范文网:开题报告英文模板)en rather sparse in China.II. Research Questions and Its SignificanceThis dissertation aims at finding an answer to the question of what is the most appropriate way of teaching Chinese university students in large EFL class. The research begins with the hypothetical premise that CALL may solve some problems in large EFL class teaching,and it highlights aspects around using tasks in CALL approach. In doing so, the researcher hopes to gain some insights into the CALL approach and to contribute in some way to the improvement of English language teaching (ELT) in China.研究意义可参照中文版本Ⅲ. Literature Review本选题在国内外研究的现状,内容参照中文版本IV. Difficulties and Initiatives of the Research 内容参照中文版本V. Outline of the Proposed Structure of the Dissertation1. Introduction论述当今…的现状,从而引出本课题的研究重点,选题意义,简要说明本文的文章结构和布局。
课题开题报告优秀英文范文
课题开题报告优秀英文范文Title: The Importance of Effective Topic Proposal in ResearchIntroduction:Research is an integral part of academic and professional growth. Before embarking on any research project, it is crucial to develop a well-structured and compelling topic proposal. This article aims to highlight the significance of an effective topic proposal and provide insights into its key components.1. Understanding the Research Problem:The first step in developing a topic proposal is to clearly define the research problem. This involves identifying gaps in existing knowledge, exploring current issues, or addressing unanswered questions. A thorough understanding of the research problem lays the foundation for a focused and purposeful study.2. Literature Review:A comprehensive literature review is essential in constructing a strong topic proposal. It helps researchers gain insights into existing theories, methodologies, and findings related to the research problem. By critically analyzing previous studies, researchers can identify research gaps and propose innovative approaches to address them.3. Research Objectives and Questions:The next crucial element in a topic proposal is defining clear research objectives and questions. Research objectives outline the goals and expectations of the study, while research questions provide a framework for investigation. Well-defined objectives and questions guide the research process, ensuring that it remains focused and coherent.4. Methodology:The methodology section outlines the research design, data collection methods, and analytical techniques to be employed. A well-structured methodology demonstrates the feasibility and reliability of the research project. It is important to choose appropriate methods that align with the research objectives and questions, ensuring accurate and valid results.5. Significance and Potential Impact:An effective topic proposal should emphasize the significance and potential impact of the research. Researchers should clearly articulate how their study contributes to the existing body of knowledge and its potential implications for theory, practice, or policy. Demonstrating the relevance and importance of the research enhances its value and increases the chances of approval.6. Feasibility and Resources:A well-developed topic proposal should consider the feasibility of the research project. Researchers need to assess the availability of resources, such as time, funding, and access to data or participants. It is essential to demonstrate that the research can be realistically conducted within the given constraints.7. Timeline:A timeline provides a structured plan for the research project, highlighting key milestones and deadlines. It helps researchers manage their time effectively andensures the project progresses smoothly. A realistic and well-organized timeline demonstrates the researcher's commitment and ability to complete the study within the designated timeframe.Conclusion:In conclusion, an effective topic proposal is a fundamental aspect of any research project. It allows researchers to define the research problem, review existing literature, set clear objectives and questions, design an appropriate methodology, and highlight the significance and potential impact of the study. By carefully constructing a topic proposal, researchers increase their chances of receiving approval and conducting a successful research project.。
开题报告英文版模板
开题报告英文版模板Title: Investigation of the Impact of Social Media on Consumer BehaviorChapter 1 Introduction1.1 BackgroundWith the increasing use of social media worldwide, there has been a significant impact on consumer behavior. Social media has revolutionized the way people communicate and interact with each other, and it has also transformed the way businesses operate in today's digital world. It has become an essential tool for marketers to reach out to their target audience and has influenced the decision-making process of consumers.1.2 ObjectivesThe purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of social media on consumer behavior. Specifically, the objectives are:1. To examine the influence of social media on consumer decision-making and purchasing behavior.2. To analyze the role of social media in building brand loyalty and brand awareness among consumers.3. To identify the factors that influence the effectiveness of social media marketing strategies adopted by businesses.1.3 Research QuestionsThis study will address the following research questions:1. How does social media influence consumer decision-making and purchasing behavior?2. What role does social media play in building brand loyalty andbrand awareness among consumers?3. What are the factors that influence the effectiveness of social media marketing strategies adopted by businesses?1.4 Scope and LimitationsThe scope of this study is limited to the impact of social media on consumer behavior. The research will focus on the use of social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram as marketing tools for businesses. The study will not examine the impact of other digital marketing strategies on consumer behavior.1.5 Significance of StudyUnderstanding the impact of social media on consumer behavior is essential for businesses that want to remain competitive in today's digital world. The findings of this study will provide valuable insights for businesses seeking to leverage social media to grow their brand and increase sales. It will also contribute to the knowledge base of researchers interested in the field of social media marketing.Chapter 2 Literature Review2.1 IntroductionThis chapter provides a review of the existing literature on the impact of social media on consumer behavior. The literature review is divided into three sections: the impact of social media on consumer decision-making and purchasing behavior, the role of social media in building brand loyalty and brand awareness, and the factors that influence the effectiveness of social media marketing strategies.2.2 Impact of Social Media on Consumer Decision-making and Purchasing BehaviorResearch has shown that social media has had a significant impact on consumer decision-making and purchasing behavior. Consumers are increasingly turning to social media to research products, read reviews, and make purchase decisions. The use of social media to make purchasing decisions has become a common practice among consumers, and it is changing the way businesses market their products.2.3 Role of Social Media in Building Brand Loyalty and Brand AwarenessSocial media has become an important tool for businesses seeking to build brand awareness and loyalty among consumers. Consumers are more likely to follow and engage with brands on social media platforms that they use regularly. Social media platforms also provide businesses with the opportunity to use targeted advertising to reach consumers who are most likely to be interested in their products.2.4 Factors Influencing the Effectiveness of Social Media Marketing StrategiesThe effectiveness of social media marketing strategies adopted by businesses is influenced by several factors. These factors include the social media platforms used, the target audience, the type of content shared, and the frequency of posting. Factors such as the level of engagement with followers, the use of influencers, and the use of paid advertising also impact the effectiveness of social media marketing strategies.Chapter 3 Research Methodology3.1 IntroductionThis chapter discusses the research methodology adopted for this study. The research design, sample selection, data collection and analysis methods are discussed in this chapter.3.2 Research DesignThe research design for this study is a descriptive research design. This design is suitable for investigating the impact of social media on consumer behavior, as it allows for the collection of data on consumer behavior through observation, surveys and interviews.3.3 Sample SelectionThe sample for this study will consist of individuals aged 18 and above who are active social media users. The sample will be selected using a stratified random sampling technique.3.4 Data CollectionData for this study will be collected using a survey questionnaire and interviews. The survey questionnaire will be administered online, while the interviews will be conducted in person or through video conferencing.3.5 Data AnalysisData collected for this study will be analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis. The data will be analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software.Chapter 4 Results and Discussion4.1 IntroductionThis chapter presents the results of the data collected and the discussion of the findings.4.2 Demographic Profile of RespondentsThe demographic profile of the respondents will be presented in this section. This includes information on age, gender, education level and income.4.3 Impact of Social Media on Consumer Decision-making and Purchasing BehaviorThe findings from the survey will be presented in this section, and the results will be discussed in relation to the literature review. 4.4 Role of Social Media in Building Brand Loyalty and Brand AwarenessThe findings from the survey on the role of social media in building brand loyalty and brand awareness will be presented in this section. The results will be discussed in relation to the literature review.4.5 Factors Influencing the Effectiveness of Social Media Marketing StrategiesThe factors influencing the effectiveness of social media marketing strategies adopted by businesses will be presented in this section. The results will be discussed in relation to the literature review. Chapter 5 Conclusion and Recommendations5.1 IntroductionThis chapter provides a summary of the study and the conclusions drawn from the research. Recommendations for businesses seeking to leverage social media to grow their brand and increase sales will also be provided.5.2 Summary of FindingsThe key findings of the study will be summarized in this section.5.3 ConclusionsThe conclusions drawn from the study will be presented in this section. This includes the implications of the study for businesses, marketers and researchers.5.4 RecommendationsRecommendations for businesses seeking to leverage social media to grow their brand and increase sales will be provided in this section. This includes recommendations for the use of social media platforms, the type of content shared, and the frequency of posting.5.5 Limitations and Future ResearchThe limitations of the study will be discussed in this section, and suggestions for future research will also be provided. ReferencesAppendices。
英文版开题报告
英文版开题报告英文版开题报告IntroductionThe purpose of this report is to present the outline and key points of my research project. The aim of this project is to investigate the impact of technology on education and its effectiveness in enhancing student learning outcomes. This report will provide an overview of the research topic, research questions, methodology, and expected outcomes.BackgroundIn recent years, technology has become an integral part of our daily lives, revolutionizing various industries, including education. The integration of technology in education has the potential to transform traditional teaching methods and provide students with a more interactive and engaging learning experience. However, it is essential to examine the effectiveness of technology in improving student learning outcomes and identify any potential challenges or limitations.Research Questions1. How does the use of technology in the classroom impact student engagement?2. What are the effects of technology on student learning outcomes?3. What are the challenges and limitations of integrating technology in education?MethodologyTo address the research questions, a mixed-methods approach will be employed. Firstly, a quantitative survey will be conducted among a sample of students to gather data on their perceptions of technology use in the classroom and its impact on their engagement and learning outcomes. The survey will include Likert-scale questions and open-ended questions to capture a comprehensive understanding of the students' experiences.Additionally, qualitative interviews will be conducted with teachers and educational experts to gain insights into the challenges and limitations of integrating technology in education. These interviews will provide valuable perspectives from professionals in the field and help identify potential strategies to overcome any barriers.Expected OutcomesBased on the research findings, it is expected that the use of technology in the classroom will have a positive impact on student engagement. Interactive learning platforms, multimedia resources, and online collaboration tools can enhance student motivation and active participation in the learning process. Furthermore, the research aims to determine whether technology has a significant effect on student learning outcomes. It is hypothesized that technology, when used effectively, can improve student achievement and knowledge retention. The findings will provide evidence-based insights into the effectiveness of technology in education.Lastly, the research will identify the challenges and limitations of integrating technology in education. This will help educators and policymakers understand the potential barriers and develop strategies to address them. Some challenges may include limited access to technology, lack of digital literacy among educators, and the need for ongoing professional development.ConclusionIn conclusion, this research project aims to investigate the impact of technology on education and its effectiveness in enhancing student learning outcomes. By conducting surveys and interviews, the research will provide valuable insights into the perceptions of students, teachers, and experts in the field. The findings will contribute to the existing literature on technology in education and inform educational practices for the future.。
毕业论文开题报告 英文
毕业论文开题报告英文Title: An Introduction to My Graduation ThesisIntroduction:As I embark on the journey of writing my graduation thesis, I would like to take this opportunity to present a brief overview of my research topic, its significance, and the methodology I plan to adopt. This report aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of my thesis, highlighting its objectives, research questions, and expected outcomes.1. Background:In this section, I will provide a contextual framework for my research topic. I will discuss the current state of knowledge in the field, highlighting key studies and theories that have laid the foundation for my research. Additionally, I will identify any gaps or limitations in the existing literature that my thesis aims to address. 2. Research Objectives:In this section, I will outline the primary objectives of my research. I aim to clearly define the purpose and scope of my study, emphasizing the specific goals I hope to achieve through my research. This will help readers understand the significance and relevance of my thesis in the broader academic context.3. Research Questions:This section will focus on the research questions that will guide my study. I will present a series of well-defined and focused questions that will serve as the backbone of my research. These questions will be designed to explore thevarious aspects of my research topic and provide a framework for data collection and analysis.4. Methodology:In this section, I will describe the methodology I plan to utilize in my research. I will discuss the research design, data collection methods, and data analysis techniques that I will employ. Additionally, I will explain the rationale behind my chosen methodology and highlight its suitability for addressing the research questions.5. Expected Outcomes:This section will discuss the anticipated outcomes of my research. I will outline the potential contributions my thesis can make to the existing body of knowledge, as well as its practical implications. By presenting the expected outcomes, I aim to demonstrate the significance and value of my research to both academia and relevant stakeholders.6. Limitations and Challenges:In this section, I will acknowledge the limitations and challenges that I may encounter during the research process. It is essential to address any potential obstacles or constraints that may impact the validity and reliability of my findings. By acknowledging these limitations, I aim to ensure transparency and enhance the credibility of my research.Conclusion:In conclusion, this report has provided an overview of my graduation thesis,including its background, research objectives, questions, methodology, expected outcomes, and limitations. Through this report, I hope to have conveyed the importance and potential impact of my research. I am excited to embark on this academic journey and contribute to the existing body of knowledge in my field.。
开题报告 英文模板
开题报告英文模板Title: Opening Report - English TemplateIntroduction:The opening report serves as a crucial step in any research project. It provides a comprehensive overview of the proposed study, highlighting its objectives, significance, methodology, and expected outcomes. This article aims to present a standardized English template for an opening report, ensuring clarity and coherence throughout the document.1. Background:The background section sets the context for the research project. It explains the rationale behind choosing the topic and highlights any existing gaps or limitations in the current literature. Additionally, it provides a brief overview of relevant theories or concepts that will be explored in the study.2. Objectives:This section outlines the specific goals and objectives of the research project. It clearly defines what the study aims to achieve and how it will contribute to existing knowledge in the field. The objectives should be specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART).3. Research Questions:The research questions section presents the key inquiries that the study seeks to answer. These questions should align with the objectives and guide the research process. It is essential to formulate research questions that are clear, concise,and capable of generating meaningful insights.4. Methodology:The methodology section describes the research design, data collection methods, and data analysis techniques that will be employed. It explains why the chosen methods are appropriate for addressing the research questions and achieving the objectives. This section should also address any ethical considerations and potential limitations of the chosen methodology.5. Significance:In this section, the significance of the research project is discussed. It highlights the potential contributions the study will make to the academic field, practical applications, or societal impact. The significance can be related to filling gaps in knowledge, advancing theoretical frameworks, or providing practical solutions to real-world problems.6. Expected Outcomes:The expected outcomes section outlines the anticipated results of the study. It may include both qualitative and quantitative findings, as well as potential implications of these findings. This section should align with the research questions and objectives, providing a clear picture of the expected contributions of the research.7. Timeline:The timeline section provides a schedule for the research project, outlining the key milestones and activities. It helps to ensure that the research is conductedwithin a reasonable timeframe and allows for effective project management. The timeline should be realistic and consider any potential challenges or delays that may arise.8. Resources:This section identifies the resources required to conduct the research project successfully. It includes both human resources, such as researchers and participants, and material resources, such as equipment, software, or funding. This section should demonstrate that the necessary resources are available or can be obtained to support the research.Conclusion:The opening report is a crucial document that sets the foundation for a research project. By following a standardized English template, researchers can ensure that all essential aspects of the study are adequately addressed. This article provided a comprehensive guide, covering various sections including background, objectives, research questions, methodology, significance, expected outcomes, timeline, and resources. By utilizing this template, researchers can effectively communicate their research plans and set the stage for a successful study.。
英文开题报告范文
英文开题报告范文I. IntroductionThe purpose of this project is to investigate the phenomenon of social media addiction and its impact on individuals and society. Social media has become a ubiquitous part of modern life, with over 3.8 billion users worldwide, representing approximately 50% of the global population. However, the rise of social media has also been accompanied by concerns about the addictive potential of these platforms.II. Literature ReviewA review of the literature suggests that social media addiction is a complex condition that involves a combination of psychological, social, and technological factors. Numerous studies have identified symptoms of social media addiction, including obsessive-compulsive behavior, loss of control, and negative emotional states when usage is restricted. Furthermore, research has also linked social media addiction to a range of negative outcomes, such as poor sleep quality,decreased well-being, and increased anxiety and depression. III. MethodologyThe proposed research involves a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative methods to gain a comprehensive understanding of social media addiction. A survey instrument will be developed to assess the frequency, duration, and patterns of social media usage among a sample of college students. Additionally, focus groups will be conducted to explore the psychological, social, and technological factors that contribute to social media addiction.IV. Expected OutcomesThe expected outcomes of this research include the development of a valid and reliable survey instrument for assessing social media addiction among college students and an in-depth understanding of the psychological, social, and technological factors that contribute to social media addiction. The findings from this research can inform interventions and policies designed to reduce the negative impact of social mediaaddiction on individuals and society.V. ConclusionSocial media addiction is a significant issue that warrants further investigation. The proposed research ms to fill a gap in the literature by providing a comprehensive understanding of social media addiction and its impact on college students. By combining quantitative and qualitative methods, the study will develop a valid and reliable survey instrument and explore the psychological, social, and technological factors that contribute to social media addiction. The findings from this research can inform interventions and policies designed to reduce the negative impact of social media addiction on individuals and society.怎么写开题报告开题报告范文标题:如何写开题报告一、什么是开题报告开题报告是学术论文的准备工作,主要是对研究课题的背景、目的、方法、预期结果等进行详细的描述和论证。
英文开题报告范文
英文开题报告范文下面是一篇英语论文的开题报告范文,虽然不是特别好,但也反应了开题报告的格式和写法,有一定的借鉴价值。
function and application of descriptive translation studies1.introductionwill prove to be instructive not only for theoretical probe but also for applied translation practice. i will apply this descriptive method in the case study of this thesis.a convenient tool has been set up to conduct dts. “norm” is operative at every stage of description and explanation. function, process and product and their relationship as well are skeletal structure of what constitute descriptive studies. translation phenomena are accounted for with the help of norm.in this regard, my observations are limited to several aspects, i hope in-depth observation and explanation will done in light of dts.2.outline2.1.development and major concepts of dtsin this part i will describe holms’ basic map of dts and the relationship between function, process and product. i will also discuss some important concepts such as pseudo-translation, multiple translation, translationese, norm etc.2.2.methodolgyi will in this part discuss the methodology of dts before i apply the sameto the case study in this thesis with emphasis to be placed on semiotic approach and the concept norm.2.3.dts in contrast to other theoriesa contrast study will be conducted here with the objective to find the difference of dts from other theories such as equivalence theory and the chinese xin da ya criteria. some advantage will possibly be shown in this study.2.4.case studyin this part, translation of the dream of red mansions (also translated as the story of the stone) will be under investigation in light of dts. translation samples to be quoted here will be selected at random.2.5.conclusionbased on the above elaboration of dts and the case study, possibleconclusion will be on the advantage of dts in specific study of translation. suggestions on further research efforts will be made also.(note: while the topic will remain the same, the above arrangement of contents is subject to change in the process of writing.)篇二:英语论文开题报告范文例文英语论文开题报告范文例文论文题目the application and innovationof gothicism in wutheringheights一、选题的意义和研究现状1.选题的目的、理论意义和现实意义长时期以来, 人们视艾米莉?勃朗特为英国文学中的―斯芬克斯‖。
个案分析开题报告英文
个案分析开题报告英文Title: Case Study Opening Report: (Title of the case)1. Introduction:This opening report presents a case study analysis on (Title of the case). The purpose of this analysis is to examine the specific details and characteristics of the case, identify the key problems or issues, and propose potential solutions to address the identified challenges.2. Background:Provide context and background information about the case study. Explain the industry or sector in which the case study is set, key stakeholders involved, and any relevant historical or contextual information that is relevant to understanding the case.3. Problem Statement:Clearly articulate the main problem or challenge faced by the organization or individual in the case study. Describe the specific issue at hand, its impact on the organization, and its significance in relation to the broader industry or sector.4. Objectives:Outline the objectives of the case study analysis. Identify the key goals and aims of the analysis, such as understanding the root causes of the problem, assessing the impacts on various stakeholders, and recommending appropriate solutions.5. Research Methodology:Explain the research methodology or approach utilized for the casestudy analysis. Discuss any primary or secondary data sources used, the analytical techniques employed, and any limitations or constraints that may affect the analysis.6. Analysis Framework:Present an analysis framework to be used in analyzing the case study. This framework could be a theoretical model, a conceptual framework, or a set of core questions or criteria to guide the analysis. Explain how this framework will help analyze the case study and highlight its relevance or applicability.7. Data Analysis/Systematic Analysis:Describe the process of data analysis or systematic analysis that will be conducted as part of the case study analysis. Explain the steps involved, the analytical techniques employed, and the expected outcomes or findings.8. Preliminary Findings:Present any preliminary findings or insights that have emerged from the initial analysis of the case study. Highlight key patterns, trends, or themes that have been identified and their relevance to the problem statement and objectives.9. Conclusion:Summarize the key points discussed in the opening report. Reinforce the relevance and significance of the case study analysis, briefly restate the problem statement, and outline the next steps in the analysis process.10. References:Provide a list of references cited in this opening report. Follow the appropriate referencing style guidelines, such as APA or MLA. Note: The structure and content of the opening report may vary depending on the specific requirements and guidelines provided for the case study analysis. Please adapt the above report to suit the specific needs of your case study analysis.。
英文开题报告作文模板
英文开题报告作文模板英文:Introduction。
Hello everyone, today I am going to present my research proposal. The topic I have chosen is "The Impact of Social Media on Teenagers' Mental Health". In recent years, social media has become an integral part of teenagers' lives. However, there has been a growing concern about the negative impact it may have on their mental health. Therefore, I want to explore this topic further and see if there is a correlation between social media usage and mental health issues among teenagers.Background。
Social media has become a ubiquitous part of modern society. According to a survey conducted by Pew Research Center, 72% of teenagers in the United States use socialmedia. While social media can provide numerous benefits, such as connecting with friends and family, it can also have negative effects. Studies have shown that excessive social media usage can lead to depression, anxiety, and other mental health issues.Research Questions。
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CWL/JL/JWC/ZY012-02毕业论文(设计)开题报告论文(设计)题目:系(院):外国语学院专业:英语( 方向)年级(班): 2007级 1 班学号:姓名:指导教师:2010年7月日重庆文理学院本科毕业论文(设计)开题报告1.选题的目的和意义:Purpose:Using English songs in English teaching can make Junior English learners learn English in a happy and relaxing environment and arouse the students’ interest and enhance the passion of learning, assisting in the study of culture and language. In this kind of class, the students can learn English more effectively and it can make them learn English by themselves. Take the New English Curriculum Standard as a guide, English activity classes have following purposes: communicate with each other by using a lot of English, consolidate and raise the content, enlarge knowledge, and encourage the students to use the intrinsic motivation and interest of English communication in improving the quality of English teaching. The application of English songs has this function.Significance:It corresponds with the New English Curriculum Standard .And by using the English songs in class, it can increase the whole level of the English teaching, strengthen the positive study and increase their oral expression ability and listening ability ect.. And this kind of English activity can arouse students’ English learning enthusiasm and make them interested in learning and thinking in English. It has the long-term meaning of English teaching history.2.国内外研究现状(文献综述):In recent years, at abroad, foreign language educational circles emphasize to put the excitation of the students’ interests in an important position, as well as to let the students study foreign language in an easy and pleasant atmosphere all specially.“Interest is the best teacher.” The class which uses English songs can train a student the habit of using the brain, mouth and ears ect., the inherent motivation, the personality and the curiosity. Here, the activity class is supposed to achieve this purpose. At the same time, we can see that the English songs play an important role in English teaching.At aboard, musical activities had made a great development in advance many years ago. In their foreign language teaching, the teacher pays more attention to arouse student’s interest by using some activity skills and to urge the students to be able to express their ideas courageously and to take part in the class activities actively by the guide of the teachers. The teachers are gradually aware of the value of foreign language songs. As(Lo and Li 1998) Songs provide a break from classroom routine, and that learning English through songs develops a non-threatening classroom atmosphere in which the fourlanguage skills (reading, listening, writing, and speaking)can be enhanced. The belief that songs provide enjoyment and develop language skills is also noted by several other authors. The enjoyment of learning language through song is directly related to affective factors. For example, language teachers in Turkey, have been using English language songs to help children improve their English thorough enjoyable activities.But in China, especially in inner areas, teaching and learning are often separated in the teaching process. Teachers can not arouse students’ learning interest. Therefore, some students always sit in the class but absence of mind. They don’t join in teacher’s activities with their empty heads. In that case, the class which uses the English songs means that students have fun in the classroom without pressure, not mention learn something from it. It should be improved the ability of arousing students’ interest. In fact, the students are not really join in the teacher’s activity. English songs, which combine their pleasing rhythms with colorful meanings, are characterized by their strong artistic quality and wide audiences. However, English songs, regarded as their amateur entertainment by teachers and students for years, have been neglected in class. As a result, they have failed to be utilized and developed. As a curriculum resource, English songs should be actively developed by teachers to stimulate their class, to improve their teaching mode and efficiency, and to better the students’ qualities in all-round way(Wei 2007).With the development of society, the abroad foreign language teaching theory of English teaching has produced active effect to our country; a lot of scholar has carried out investigation and discussion on English songs application.In the field of theory, It has been said that children have a natural musical taste and that play is the only activity that they take seriously. Carl Mar x said “music is human being's second language.” A large amount of literature which discusses the value of using songs in ESL/EFL classrooms is not empirically based. However, based upon teacher experience, the first hand knowledge of what actually occurs in a language classroom is, in fact, very valuable. Some experts point out that singing English songs is an important manner to assistance of English study. It combines study with play, both can cultivate students’ interests to learn English and make them study pronunciation, intonation and grammar, improve listening and speaking, and understand the cultures of English—speaking countries.(Wang 2008)It is also suggested in junior high school English teaching method, fully utilize exercising the ability lesson, setting about, coming to improve English studying from student's interest, hobby, and personality and specialty. The outdoor activities class has effect and significance in studying in English. (Zhang, 1992) Meanwhile, The New English Curriculum Standard mentions “the activities can not only be restricted in the classroom teaching, but be extended to the study and life outside theclassroom.”The planed English activities outside the classroom can broaden the sight of the students, enlarge their knowledge and develop their abilities to use their mouths, hands and brain so as to make the class doing in the air of happiness.In practice, at present a few scholars think that social intercourse is the purpose for foreign language teaching, as well as the means of foreign language teaching (Tang, 1997). So-called the principle of social intercourses is to require that we make great efforts in the process of teaching to create the environment for English studying, to try the best to imitate social intercourse, to fully utilize the function of social intercourse, and to make every effort to foster the ability of the students to apply English in true social intercourse environment. In Junior middle school, English activity class is going to use English to carry out social intercourse in true environment, singing English songs is a good way to achieve this aim, and to break the bottleneck of English study.Therefore, According to the research and study of the English songs in classroom, the thesis makes a brief discussion to the application of English songs in junior middle school.3.选题研究的内容:Many teachers neglect the value of English songs in the English class, especially in the inner areas. English teaching mode has kept in the traditional stage. So currently the major problem, which we are facing in the English teaching, is that how to make those teachers realize the significance and strategies of applying English songs in the English class. So the author chooses application of English songs in English teaching in Junior high school as the subject study. First, the thesis describes the background of English songs in class; second, introduces the significance; third, makes an investigation about it. At last, the author points out the advice of using it and gives some countermeasures.4.选题研究的技术路线、研究方法和要解决的主要问题:Researching Routes:The author accomplished this thesis by looking materials up Internet and resource centers, some of the references were borrowed from reference room of our department and the library. What’s more, some suggesti ons were given by my instructor and classmates. Researching Method:Data selection, comprehensive analysis, questionnaireKey issues:By the way of literature review and case study, the paper mainly deals with the understanding of the significance of using English songs in English teaching and analyzes English songs’ value in Junior middle school class. Meanwhile, the application of English songs properly can improve the efficiency of teaching, studying and teaching skills as well as teaching quality in the end.5.研究与写作计划:6.参考文献:[1] Carmen Fonseca mora, 2000,Foreign Language Acquisition And Melody Singing, V ol,54,No.2[2] Lo, R. & Li, H.C. ,1998, Songs enhance learner involvement. English Teaching Forum,36, 8-11, 21.[3] Saricoban, A. & Metin, E, October 2000, Songs, Verse and Games for TeachingGrammar. The Internet TESL Journal.[4] Tang Lixing, 1997. TEFL in China: Methods and Techniques, [M]. Hanghai, ShanghaiForeign Language Education Press.[5] 龚雯,浅谈英文歌曲在英语教学中的应用. 哈尔滨职业技术学院学报 , 2008[6] 胡春洞,英语教学法 [M], 高等教育出版社,1990[7] 刘云红.英语歌曲在英语教学中的使用[J].中美英语教学, 2005[8] 潘江英, 浅谈初中英语教学中的兴趣法教学. 中国西部科技 , 2008[9] 王秋月, 浅谈听歌学英语. 常州信息职业技术学院学报 , 2008[10] 魏贵娟,英语歌曲:有待开发的教学资源,衡水学院学报,2007[11] 张洁,利用英文歌曲促进英语教学[J].职业技术, 2006[12] 章兼中,外语教育学 [M],浙江:浙江出版社,1992[13] 周红玉, 浅议英文歌曲辅助教学对学生英语素质的培养.科技信息(学术研究), 2008[14] 张瑞芳、崔润芝,轻松快乐学英语[J],学科教学探索,第1期14-15页,2004[15] 章兼中,国外外语教学法主要流派[M], 上海:华东师范大学出版社 , 1984[16] 周云霞,英文歌曲在英语教学中的运用形式. 科教文汇(上旬刊) , 20087.指导教师意见:签名:年月日8.开题审查小组意见:教研室主任或组长签名:年月日说明:本表另行装订成册。