高中十种时态及被动语态

高二暑期课程一

高考十种英语时态及被动语态

知识梳理

十种时态

一．一般现在时

1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。时间状语：every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday等。

I leave home for school at 7 every morning.

2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。

The earth moves around the sun.

3) 表示格言或警句中。

Pride goes before a fall.

Columbus proved that the earth is round.

4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。

Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.

5）一般现在时表将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情，或用在倒装句中。

The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.

Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming.

When Bill comes, ask him to wait for me.

I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there.

二、一般过去时的用法

1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。

Where did you go just now? I saw Tom in the street yesterday.

2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。

When I was a child, I often played football in the street.

3）用过去时表示现在，表示语气委婉礼貌。

Did you want to speak to me now?

I wondered if you could help me.

Could you lend me your bike?

4）用在虚拟语气中。

If I were a bird, I would fly to Beijing.

特殊句式

◎It is time for sb. to do sth “到……时间了；该……了”，It is time sb. did sth. “时间已迟了；早该……了”，例如：

It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。

It is time you went to bed.你早该睡觉了。

◎ would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示“宁愿某人做某事”，例如：

I'd rather you came tomorrow.

三、一般将来时

1) shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。

Will you be at home at seven this evening?

2) be going to +不定式，表示将来计划做某事，或者按照迹象可能发生的事。What are you going to do tomorrow?

Look at the dark clouds; there is going to be a storm.

3) be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。

We are to discuss the report next Saturday.

4) be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事，不与表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。He is about to leave for Beijing.

四、现在进行时

1. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。例如：

We are waiting for you.

2. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。例如：

Mr. Green is writing another novel.

3. 表示渐变的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。

It's getting warmer and warmer.

4. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。

You are always changing your mind.

注意：不用进行时的动词

1) 事实状态的动词。如：have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue

2) 心理状态的动词。如：know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate

3) 瞬间动词。如：accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse.