科研论文引言部分

d.结尾介绍论文的组成部分，提出中心论点句
4、目的： 向读者说明本研究的来龙去脉，吸引和引导读者对 本篇论文产生兴趣。
二、引言的作用
1、引出研究课题 提问、陈述或引用名人名言等 引起读者的兴趣为要点 陈述研究目的的形式 不使论文包含过多章节条目 为什么要研究这一课题 通过提问来引出新研究问题 对研究方法的简述 方法可能相同，但因素不同
二、引言的作用
引出研究课题 宽泛表达 聚焦研究课题 缩小集中
二、引言的作用
3、讨论前人研究不足
e.g 5： One of the criticisms of using parallel texts...has been that" translated language is different from original language". A research question which can be answered statistically then is "Are translated texts simpler than comparable monolingual texts in the target language?" e.g 6: Research in the psycholinguistic tradition focuses mainly on task design and fails to see the importance of the interaction of learner learner factors and the setting. Furthermore, little research has been done on either the learner factor or the setting...
2015-4-11
三、引言的语言运用
1、动词运用与引用
（1）高频率使用文献综述的动词，如： suggests, shows, argues, explains, finds, points out （2）依据原作者关于某研究问题的立场选择动词，如： 表示中立：notes, explains, comments, writes, says, feels, thinks, states, finds, makes the comment, mentions, observes, reasons, contends; 表示勉强同意或承认：acknowledges, concedes, admits, grants, recognizes; 表示较弱的主张：implies,suggests; 表示强烈的主张：argues(that), asserts, emphasizes, insists, believes, endorses, points out, confirms; 表示异议：argues(against), denies, disputes, refutes, rejects.
二、引言的作用
引出研究课题：引用
1、引出研究课题
讨论前人不足：为什么
Shakespeare, a famous playwright, has said that the name of the women was frailty. For a long time, women were slaves of men. Women were vulnerable and 2 、聚焦研究课题 could not protect themselves, nor could they have their own 聚焦研究课题 fate in hand. What the women could do was just to obey men’s order. But as time goes by, with the development of society, women’s stature has improved a lot. Women in 21st century are not what they were centuries ago. Modern women have changed a lot and have their unique characters and features. With the development of advanced science and technology, economic 4、提出新的研究方法 globalization and the arrival of knowledge era, the society today is no longer dominated by men. Women have been the masters of the other half of the sky. Women can control their own fate and they have the right to decide what to do or what not to do .Men and women are equal. ---Enlightenment for Women of 21st Century from Gone with the Wind
科研论文-
引言部分
Introduction
一、引言的定义
二、引言的作用
来自百度文库
三、引言的语言运用
四、引言的写作
一、引言的定义
1、别称： 绪论，前言或导论
2、位置： 位于摘要、关键字、中图分类号、文献标志码之后，
正文之前 3、内容： a.向读者提供论文研究的背景、意义、现状等
b.提出问题，引出研究动机
c.研究的目的与内容
二、引言的作用
2、聚焦研究课题
e.g 3： The purpose of this study is to investigate one of the consequences of the simplification phenomenon, i.e. a reduction in lexical density, in a number of texts. e.g 4: ...the present paper aims to synthesize studies in linguistics and communication into the research into dubbing, focusing on the pragmatic comprehension of this form of translation.
2、聚焦研究课题
3、讨论前人研究不足 4、提出新的研究方法
二、引言的作用
1、引出研究课题
e.g 1： What happens in the language classroom is intimately linked to social and political forces in the world at large, and the practitioners must not only be aware but also understand these links if they are to be fully effective in their work. e.g 2: Research on learner beliefs in the last two decades has given us interesting insights into what language learners' view are concerning the teaching and learning of a second or foreign language.
3、讨论前人研究不足
引出研究课题：引用 “Do you think, because I am poor, obscure, plain, and little, I am soulless and heartless? You think wrong! --- I have as much soul as you, --- and fill as much heart! And if God had gifted me with some beauty and much wealth, I should have made it as hard for you to leave me, as it is now for me to leave you…and we stood at God’s feet, equal, --- as we are!” When you read this paragraph of classical dialogue, you will think of “the Cinderella- Jane” who is the leading character in the novel Jane Eyre of Charlotte Bronte. Jane Eyre has already come out for one and a half century. But up to now, readers still remember the引出研究课题：提问 works, because its heroine Jane is distinctive---She has normal appearance and unfortunate experiences, but has internal temperament 聚焦研究课题 and happy marriage. Why could the unfortunate heroine ’s life change? This paper will analyze the reason---Knowledge changes Jane’s destiny. And then can the knowledge change the fate of females today? The answer is certain. Knowledge can make homely females become good-looking, and make beauty become more beautiful; Knowledge can bring the capital of modern females to the females today; Knowledge can make women mentally healthy; Knowledge can change females’ future and make them win the world. ---从《简•爱》看知识改变女性命运
二、引言的作用
4、提出新的研究方法
e.g 7: The purpose of this study is to investigate one of the consequences of the simplification phenomenon, i.e. a reduction in lexical density, in a number of texts. First, original texts in English and Chinese and their translations (parallel texts) will be compared and then the respective translated texts in the two languages will contrasted with other original texts in the two language (comparable texts) for simplification in lexical density. e.g 8: This study is a replication of a study carried out in Singapore by one of the authors (Ghadessy,1998).