高考英语(精讲+精练+精析)专题13 特殊句式(倒装句、省略句、强调句)试题(含解析)1
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专题13 特殊句式(倒装句、省略句、强调句)
【2017年高考命题预测】
高考研究特殊句型是英语学习中必须掌握的难点知识,熟练地掌握和使用对提高应试能力有很大的帮助。通过近几年试题的分析与研究,主要从以下几个方面进行考查:倒装句、强调句、省略句和独立主格结构。在学习时,首先应弄清楚如何正确地使用,其次要在具体的语境中灵活使用。
【考点定位】2017考纲解读和近几年考点分布
(1)考纲要求
从近几年高考试题来看,特殊句式主要考查倒装句、省略句和强调句的用法。特殊句式比较杂乱,掌握起来有一定的难度。其中倒装句是高考的热点,强调句是高考的难点。同时,祈使句与陈述句的区别、省略与替代的合理运用也是高考考查的重点项目。近三年的高考题更加注重考查知识之间的交叉现象,如在考查强调句的同时考查定语从句,把省略、强调句与时间状语从句、地点状语从句的考查等融合在一起,考查考生综合把握语言知识的能力。
(2)命题规律
一、高考命题对倒装的考查比较频繁,倒装句经常与动词时态融合一起考查。
二、近几年高考中,主要考查了强调句的基本结构,省略句主要和非谓语动词一起考查。
三、高考命题对特殊句式考查的综合性和情景性越来越强。
【考点pk】名师考点透析
强调句、倒装句和省略句
强调句
考点l 强调句结构及其中的who和that
①It was after the wa r was over that Einstein was able to come back to his research work again.正是在战争结束后爱因斯坦才得以重新回到研究工作中去。
②It was in front of the bank that the old lady was robbed.那位老太太是在银行的前面被抢劫的。
③It is when he got back that he knew what had happened.他回来后才知道所发生的情况。
④It was the goat’s eyes that he had seen in the darkness.他在黑暗中看到的就是这只山羊的眼睛。
特别提示
强调句中的主谓一致性:当强调主语时,其后的谓语动词
应与主语一致,即人称和数要一致。如:
①It is my mother who cooks every day.每天煮饭的是我妈妈。
②It is he who is wrong.是他错了。
考例:If nature does not provide man with the necessary material, it is the laboratory ____ he will turn to for it.
A.where B.that C.which D.what
考点二强调状语部分
①It was before he went to London that he had learned English for three years.他在去伦敦之前已经学了三年英语。(强调时间)
②It was where you have questions that you’d better make a mark.最好在你有疑问的地方做个记号。(强调地点)
③n was because she was ill that she didn’t come to the party.她没来参加聚会是因为她病了。(强调原因)
④It is as the Party tells us that we must do.我们必须做的就是听从党的安排。(强调方式)
⑤It is as long as yo u promise to be back before 8:00 that you can go out.只要你保证八点以前回来你就可以出去。(强调条件)
①It wasn’t until I got off the bus that I realized it.直到下车我才意识到这一点。(强调句)
②Not until I got off the bus did I realize it.直到下车我才意识到这一点。(倒装句)
考例:It was not until midnight ____ we got home because of traffic jams.
A.that B.when C.while D.as
考点3 强调句的疑问句
1.一般疑问句。结构为:Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他成分?如:
Was it during the Anti.Japanese War that he died?他是在抗日战争期间去世的吗?
2.特殊疑问句。结构为:特殊疑问词(what/Who/when/Why/
Where/How)+is/was it+that/who+句子其他成分?如:
Why is it that smoking is not allowed here?为什么这儿不允许吸烟? ‘
考点4 强调句与主语从句、定语从句和状语从句的辨析
2.定语从句的引导词(即关系代词和关系副词)在从句的使用过程中较为丰富,如who,that,which,whose,when,where,why等,与充当先行词的名词或代词存在修饰与被修饰的关系;而强调句中的引导词只有who和that,强调人时,用who或that,强调其他时,只用that,且与被强调的部分不存在修饰与被修饰的关系。如:
①It was 2009 when she graduated from the senior high schoo1.
那是2009年,她高中毕业的时候。(定语从句)
①It is three years since he joined the army.自他参军以来已有三年了。
②It is many years since he smoked.他没有吸烟已有好多年了。
(2)It is/will(not)be+时间段+before从句。表示”要过多久(不久)才……”,before从句后的谓语动词多用一般现在时。如:
It won’t be long before you reach your goal.你离成功不远了。