南通市启秀中学2017-2018年第一学期期末考试及答案

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南通市2017-2018学年七年级语文第一学期期末调研试卷含解析

南通市2017-2018学年七年级语文第一学期期末调研试卷含解析

教习网-海量精品课件试卷教案免费下载南通市2017-2018学年七年级语文第一学期期末调研试卷含解析(满分:150分;时间:150分钟)一(23分)阅读下面一段文字,完成1~3题。

(6分)啊!南通下了2018第一场雪!早晨,推开门一看,嗬!好大的雪啊!房屋、树木、河流,全都罩上了一层厚厚的雪。

天地之间,变成了 A (粉妆玉砌/冰清玉洁)的世界。

落光了叶子的柳树上挂满了亮晶晶的银条儿;冬夏常青的松柏上挂满了蓬松松的雪球儿; B ……雪是世界上最li áoku ò、最庄严、最有诗意和神性的覆盖物。

那sh énm ì无限的洁白,庞大的包容一切的j ìj ìng ,纯银般安谧、祥和的光芒,浑然天地、梦色绝尘的巍峨与澄明……1. 根据拼音在田字格内用正楷写出相应的汉字。

(3分)2.填在A 处横线上的词语是 ▲ (1分)3.联系上下文,在B 处横线上填写合适的句子。

(2分)▲ ▲ ▲4.在举国上下“全民阅读,书香中国”的活动中,港闸中学七(5)班积极开展了“少年正是读书时”的学习活动,请你参加并完成下列任务。

(9分)活动一:同学们为了更好地了解国民的阅读情况,找到了以下一则资料,你从下图中读懂了什么?(3分)▲▲▲活动二:创立班刊。

全班推选了四五名同学组成班刊编辑部,定期向同学们推荐读物并将同学们的佳作编辑成册。

现向大家征集班刊的名称,要求:文雅,富有文学气息。

(2分)▲▲▲活动三:大家同读《西游记》,做读书交流。

其中问题之一:红孩儿武功非凡,使一杆八丈火尖枪,在火焰山修炼八百年,练成三昧真火,口吐火,鼻喷烟,十分了得。

孙悟空战之不胜,红孩儿最终是如何被收服的呢?(4分)▲▲▲5.用课文原句填空。

(8分)(1)我寄愁心与明月,▲。

(李白《闻王昌龄左迁龙标遥有此寄》)教习网-海量精品课件试卷教案免费下载(2)▲,小桥流水人家,古道西风瘦马。

(马致远《天净沙·秋思》)(3)▲,山入潼关不解平。

江苏省南通市启秀中学2017-2018学年七年级上地理期末试题(解析版)

江苏省南通市启秀中学2017-2018学年七年级上地理期末试题(解析版)

南通市启秀中学 2017-2018 学年度第一学期期末考试初一地理一、单项选择题(每题 1 分,共 50 分。

)1. 人们对地球形状的认识,经历了一个漫长的过程,下列认识过程正确的是()①天圆地方②麦哲伦环球航行③根据太阳和月亮的形状推测出地球是球体④地球卫星照片A. ①④③②B. ④③②①C. ①③②④D. ④②③①【答案】C【解析】试题分析:人们对地球形状的认识,经历了一个漫长的过程,古代的人们在科学技术落后的条件下,提出“天圆地方”的学说,慢慢的人们又根据太阳和月亮的形状推测地球是球体,再到后来麦哲伦通过环球航行证明地球是个球体,到了现代,有了人造卫星照片更加证明了地球是个球体,故选C.考点:本题考查地球形状的有关知识.2. 关于经、纬线指示方向叙述正确的是()A. 经线指示南北,纬线指示东西B. 都指示东西C. 经线指示东西,纬线指示南北D. 都指示南北【答案】A【解析】纬线是与经线垂直的完整的一个圆,赤道是最大的纬线圈,从赤道向南北两侧纬线长度递减,到南北两极缩小成一个点,纬线指示东西方向;连接南北两极并垂直于纬线的叫经线,是不完整、长度相等的半圆,指示南北方向,不管是经线还是纬线都有无数条,故选B.【点睛】本题考查经纬线有关知识,要注意区分两种线的各种特征。

3. 地球的自传与公转总动的特征相同的是()A. 方向都是自西向东B. 绕转中心都是太阳C. 周期都是一天D. 产生的地理现象都是昼夜更替【答案】A【解析】地球自转是指地球围绕着地轴不停的旋转,周期是一天,地球自转的方向是自西向东,地球自转产生了昼夜更替现象和时差;地球在自转的同时,还围绕着太阳不停地旋转,叫做地球的公转,地球公转的方向是自西向东,周期是一年,地球在公转时,地轴是倾斜的,所以地球的自传与公转总动的特征相同的是方向都是自西向东,故选B。

【点睛】本题考查的是地球的运动相关知识,需要识记地球的自转和公转的方向、周期、产生的地理意义等相关知识。

南通市启秀中学2016-2017年第一学期期末考试及其答案

南通市启秀中学2016-2017年第一学期期末考试及其答案

南通市启秀中学2016-2017年第一学期期末考试初一英语二、选择题(每小题1分,共15分)21. ---It is one-kilometer-long river. river is just in front of my house.A. an; AB. the; TheC. a; TheD. a; A22. ---Can your little brother English?---Yes. He often goodbye to me in English.A. say; speaksB. tell; saysC. speak; saysD. talk; speaks23. I think Important to take more exercise.A. it; for Jim and meB. it s; for me and JimC. that; for Jim and ID. that's; to Jim and me24. Mum, at 6: 30 tomorrow morning.A. waking me up B wake up me C. wake me up D wakes me up25. Sunshine Supermarket at 9 a. m .and it for 10 hours every weekend.A. opens; opensB. opens; is open C is open; opens D. open; is open26 --- does your brother go to the park every month ?---He seldom goes there because he has too much homework.A. How longB. How oftenC. How muchD. How many times27 It's good for your eyes to the green hills for minutes after working for a long time.A. look out of B look out at C look out from D look for at28 --- you interested in stamps ?---Of courseA Do; collectingB Are: collect C. Do: collect D. Are: collecting29. There are days this year.A. three hundreds and sixty-fiveB. three hundred and sixty-fiveC. three hundreds, sixty and fiveD. three hundred and sixty five30. My parents are teachers and their students like them.A. both. allB. all. BothC. all. allD. both. both31. We often had a great time ball games before. But now we have no timeA playing, playing B. to play; playingC. to play; to playD. playing, to play32. ----Excuse me, I'd like a pair of shoes.----What about this ? You can try on.A. one, itB. pair, it C one, them D pair, them33. The coat my black trousers very well, and it me well.A. match, fits B fits, matches C matches, fits D. match’s, fits34. ---- How about the comic books? It's $35.---- I can't take it, the price is too for us students.A highB cheapC expensive D. much35. ---- Would you like vegetables?---- . . And I also need a glass of apple juice.A. some, All right. B any, All rightC. some, That's all rightD. any, That's rightMr. Smith lives in a small town, but he works in an 36 in a big city. He goes to work 37 train in the morning and comes 38 the same way 39 the evening.One morning, he is 40 his newspaper in the train. A man taps (轻拍) him on the shoulder (肩膀) from behind. Mr. Smith thinks, "Who is he? I have 41 seen him before. "So he looks 42 the man in surprise . The man says 43 to him and then begins to talk to him. The man says, “Your life 44 interesting, is it? You 45 on the same train at the same station at the same time 46 morning and you always sit in the same 47 and read the same newspaper.”When Mr Smith hears this, he puts his newspaper 48 , turns round, and says to the man angrily(生气地),“49 do you know all this about me?”“Because I am 50 sitting in the same seat behind you.” The man answers.36. A. school B. office C. factory D. company37. A. on B. in C. by D. with38. A. home B. family C. house D. town39. A. in B. on C. at D. from40. A. looking B. seeing C. reading D. finding41. A. always B. never C. often D. sometimes42. A. in B. at C. for D. after43. A. goodbye B. sorry C. hello D. thanks44. A. is B. isn't C. has D. hasn’t45. A. put B. get C. go D. take46. A every B. one C. this D. in47. A. seat B. room C. class D. city48. A. on B. off C. up D. down49. A Where B. What C. When D. How50. A. never B. always C. like D. already四、阅读理解(每小题2分,共40分)A51. Mr. Brown should pay for the ticket if he visits Wroxeter Roman City with his wife and two children.A. £5. 20B. £10. 40C. £13. 50D. £16. 6052. Wroxeter Roman City is open for hours every day in June.A. eightB. sevenC. sixD. five53. Visitors can at Wroxeter Roman City.A. go to a movieB. buy souvenirsC. swim in the poolD. take a video tourBIt was the Greek shopkeeper who taught me about the power of being kind.In 2008, I left Spain to study alone in London. My parents had to bring up ( 养育) my three younger sisters and two younger brothers, so I found three part-time jobs to pay for my studies. I worked early mornings and late nights, so I was tired, really tired, all the time.Unluckily, I got a cold and had a very high fever ( 发烧). Because I was new in London, I had no fiends. Besides, I was too shy to talk with others and ask others for help. After sleeping on the bed for two days, I went out to get some food. Usually, I went to the supermarket, but this time I went into the Greek shop, a small comer shop, because it was closer.I picked up some food and gave it to the shopkeeper, who asked me, ‘You look terrible, my boy!You arenot feeling well. Ri ght ?’I said YES in a low voiceShe pointed at the salami ( 腊肠) I was buying and offered, ‘I can make you a sandwich, so you don’t have to do it yourself.I nodded without saying a word.So, she made the sandwich and asked me to wait a moment. She went into the back room and came gain with a bowl of hot soup.‘It will warm you up,’ she said with a friendly smileWhat really warmed me up was not the soup. It was her smile that told me she cared me. Her kindness( 善良) made me think of my mother.I was quite shy, but from that day on, I did not let shyness stop me from talking with and being kind to others. Now I work in a children's hospital in Africa. I love my work and people around me. I always bring my smile and kindness to them.54. When did the writer go to London?A. In2003B. In2009C. in2008D. 10 years ago55. What can we learn about the writer and his family?A. His parents could not pay for his studiesB. There are five kids in his familyC. The writer is the youngest child in the familyD. In 2008 the writer left London to study in Spain.56. What happened ( 发生) to the writer?A. He lost his part-time jobs.B. He had a talk with his friends.C. He got a cold and had a very high fever.D. He was not popular at his school.57. What did the shopkeeper not do for the writer?A. She made the sandwich. B She cooked a bowl of hot soup.C. She made some bread.D. She sold him some salami.CAlmost every Chinese person can say the two lines of the famous poem, ‘Every grain on the plate comes from hard work.’ But sadly, many of us don't actually get the real meaning of these lines: Don't waste food.A CCTV program, News One Plus One, reported that the food Chinese people throw away every year is well enough to feed 200 million people for a year.Do we have too much food? Of course not. According to the UN World Food Program, there were 925 million hungry people around the world in 2015, especially in developing countries. Six million children die of hunger every year.Chinese people are well known for being hospitable ( 好客的) and generous. Many even feel that they lose face if their guests have eaten all the food on the table.Luckily, plenty of people know the importance of saving food. Last November, Li Hong, a waitress in arestaurant in Nanjing, got fired (解雇)because she took some leftover food home for her son. Many people stood by her and criticized ( 批评) the waste of food.What should we do in our daily lives to waste less food? Here are some tips:1) Do not order too much in a restaurant. Only order as much as you want to eat. If you cannot eat all the food you ordered, take the rest of it home.2) Don't be too picky ( 挑剔的) about food. Some food may not taste great, but your body needs it.3)Keep an eye on what food you have at home. Don't buy too much, especially for vegetables and fruit.58. How many people were hungry in the world in 2015 according to the UN World FoodProgram?A. 200 millionB. Six millionC. 925 millionD. 625 million59. The underlined word ‘leftover’ means in ChineseA. 过期的B. 剩余的C. 腐烂的D. 难吃的60. What does the writer want to show us through Li Hong's story?A. Many Chinese restaurants waste a lot of food.B. Many Chinese people are kind-hearted and ready to help the weak.C. Chinese people feel that they lose face if their guests eat all the food.D. Many Chinese people don't agree with the behavior of wasting food.61. According to the passage, we shouldn't waste food because .A. food comes from very hard workB. six million children die of hunger every dayC. there is enough food to feed all the peopleD. Chinese are hospitable and generousDAmericans use many expressions ( 表达) with the word "dog". People in the United States love their dogs and treat ( 对待) them well. They take their dogs for walks, let them play outside and give them good food and medical care. However, dogs without owners to care for them lead a different kind of life. The expression, to lead a dog's life, describes a person who has an unhappy life.Some people say we live in a dog-eat-dog world. That means many people are competing for the same things, like good jobs. They say that to be successful, a person has to work like a dog. This means they have to work very, very hard.Still, people say every dog has its day. This means that every person enjoys a successful period during his or her life. To be successful. people often have to learn new skills. Yet, some people say that you can never teach an old dog new tricks. They believe that older people do not like to learn new things and will not change the way they do thingsDog expressions also are used to describe ( 描述) the weather. The dog days of summer are the hottest days of the year. A rainstorm may cool the weather. But we do not want it to rain too hard. We do not want it to rain cats and dogs.62. If a man is not happy, he may .A. live a dog's lifeB. work like a doC. be dog-tiredD. rain cats and dogs63. What does “every dog has its day"?A. A person has to work very hardB. A person won' t change his way.C. A person doesn't need to lean new things.D. Every person enjoy a successful period.64. Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?A. Americans like keeping dogs a lot.B. If a dog has no master, its life will be hard.C. We can use the word ‘dog' in many waysD We can use the word ‘dog’ to describe the house65. What's the passage about?A. Dogs' life.B. Ways to walk dogs.C. Expressions about dogs.D. Reasons that people have dogs.EIf you are going to be a gardener in the USA, you have to know something, the sooner the better. Because of changing weather, you have to plant cleverly and plant for the futureIt means that in the future, you will have to live with higher temperatures. And in winter, you will have less snow. Those two changes have a lot to do with what we can grow. So think about the following things:◆Plants are becoming green earlier and having flowers sooner. They are also living longer becausewarm weather lasts longer.◆Birds and bees are coming back earlier. So people should not be surprised that their plants aregrowing fruit earlier.◆Many plants are able to grow in higher places. "We are growing apples in Anchorage now, and we arenever been able to do that before, "one gardener says.◆ A lot of pests get killed off in winter. But as we get warmer winters. we are getting more plant pests.Gardeners should buy more medicine to kill the pests. But of course, it will also make our food dangerous.◆Finally, get the right soil ( 土壤). Experts suggest planting trees as walls to stop strong winds. Andthe trees can also help hold water. Plant more trees and grass, which need less water. The world is becoming drier and drier.66. We will have less snow in winter because of .A. the plantB. the animalsC. the soilD. the weather67. Plants are living longer because .A. they become green earlierB. they have flowers soonerC. the warm weather lasts longer than beforeD. they grow in lower places68. A lot of pests aren't killed in winter because .A. they are more dangerous than beforeB. the winter is warmer than beforeC the medicine doesn't work at all D. they come back earlier than before69. Why do experts suggest planting more and more grass?A. Because they stop strong windsB. Because they help hold waterC. Because they need less waterD. A, B and C70. What's the main idea of the passage?A. Some knowledge for a gardener in the USAB. The temperature is getting higher and higher.C. Different kinds of animals and plants in the USA.D. How to protect the earth correctly.五、词汇( 每小题1分,共20分)A.请根据括号内的中文提示,英文释义或句意,写出句中所缺单词,使句子通顺。

江苏省南通市启秀中学2017-2018学年七年级第一学期期末考试英语试卷(解析版)

江苏省南通市启秀中学2017-2018学年七年级第一学期期末考试英语试卷(解析版)

南通市启秀中学2017-2018学年度第一学期期末考试初一英语I卷一、听力二、选择题1.There is _______ “o”,_______”u” and _______ ”r” in the word “our”.A. a,a,anB. an,an,anC. an,an,aD. an,a,an【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意:在单词“our”中有一个字母“o”,一个字母“u”和一个字母“r”。

字母o [əu]和r [ɑ:] 的音标是元音音素,前面用不定冠词an,u [ju:] 第一个音素为辅音音素,前面用不定冠词a,故答案为D。

【点睛】发音是以辅音音素开头的单词或字母前用不定冠词a;发音是以元音音素开头的单词或字母前用不定冠词an。

26个英文字母及发音音标如下:A a [ei] B b [bi:] C c [si:] D d [di:] E e [i:] F f [ef] G g [dʒi:] H h [eit∫] I i [ai] J j [dʒei] K k [kei] L l [el] M m [em] N n [en] O o [əu] P p [pi:] Q q [kju:] R r [ɑ:] S s [es] T t [ti:] U u [ju:] V v [vi:] W w [′d∧blju:] X x [eks] Y y [wai] Z z [zi:][zed]。

根据发音就可以判断出不定冠词a/an的正确使用。

2.The hair clip_______ $35,but she has only $20 to _______.A. spends,spendB. takes,spendC. costs,spendD. costs,pay【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意:这个发夹值35美元,但她只能支付20美元。

cost /pay/ take /spend四个词都有“花费”之意,spend与pay的主语是人,take常以it作形式主语,cost的主语为物或事情。

江苏省南通市启秀中学2017-2018学年七年级上生物期末试题(无答案)

江苏省南通市启秀中学2017-2018学年七年级上生物期末试题(无答案)

南通市启秀中学2017-2018 学年度第一学期期末考试初一生物一、单项选择题(每题1 分,共50 分。

)1.下列现象中,不属于生物所具有的共同特征的是()A. 能排出体内产生的废物B. 能对外界刺激做出反应C.能生长和繁殖D.能进行运动2.下列选项中,与“种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆”相对应的生命特征是()A.繁殖B. 排泄C. 生长发育D. 遗传3.生物学研究的最基本方法是()A.观察和实验B. 解剖和分析C. 探究和实验D. 取样和实验4.使用光学显微镜观察物体时,调解视野亮度要用到的部件有()A.转换器和遮光器B. 反光镜和遮光器C.通光孔和反光镜D. 通光孔和遮光器5.在“探究蚯蚓在什么样的物体表面爬得快”的实验中,分别准备玻璃板和硬纸板的目的是为了()A. 便于观察B. 便于记录C. 设计一组对照试验D. 提供一种光滑条件6.海带在淡水中无法生存,这说明了()A. 生物能够适应一切环境B. 环境能适应一定的生物C. 生物不能影响环境D. 生物只能适应一定的环境7.下列影响水稻生存的因素中,属于生物因素的是()A.阳光B. 稻飞虱C. 水分D. 泥土8.对于生长在农田里的青蛙来说,影响它的环境因素是()A.农田里的植物、昆虫、蛇等B.阳光、空气、水、土壤等C.上述A和B 的总和D. 上述A 和B 的总和再加上其他的青蛙9.水生环境往往有发达的通气结构,这一现象说明了()A.环境能制约生物B. 环境能决定生物的特性C.生物不能适应环境D. 生物能适应环境10.生活在绿色草丛中的昆虫,它们的体色往往是()A.黄绿色B. 土灰色C. 黄黑色D. 黄褐色11.下列现象中,不属于生物适应环境的是()A.变色龙能随着环境变化而改变自己的体色B.竹节虫具有树枝相似的体形C.东北虎产下一只白色的虎仔D.雷鸟生活在欧洲和北美,平时体色为灰褐色,到了冬季会换成白色羽毛12.适合鲨鱼生存的环境是()A.海洋生态系统B.淡水生态系统C.湿地生态系统D.农田生态系统13.生物圈的范围包括()A.大气圈的下层、水圈的上层、岩石圈的下层B.大气圈的中下层、水圈、岩石圈的上层C.大气圈的下层、水圈、岩石圈的上层D.大气圈的中下层、水圈上层、岩石圈的表层14.光合作用的实质是()A.合成有机物,贮存能量B.分解有机物,贮存能量C.合成有机物,释放能量D.分解有机物,释放能量15. 公园里绿树成荫,被人们称为天然的“氧吧”,你认为在公园里锻炼身体,“吸氧”的最佳时间是()A.凌晨B.上午C.下午D.深夜16. 下列叶的结构中,含叶绿体最丰富的是()A.上表皮细胞B.构成叶脉的细胞C.叶肉细胞D.下表皮细胞17.有一种白萝卜露在地上的部分是绿色,而埋在土里的部分是白色,出现这种现象的()A.叶绿素的形成需要较高温度B.叶绿素的形成需要光C.叶绿素的形成需要空气D.叶绿素的形成需要土18.“庄稼一枝花,全靠肥当家”,这里的“肥”主要是指植物生长需要()A.有机物B.水C.维生素D.无机盐19.土地常被誉为植物的“母亲”,因为土壤为植物的生长提供了()A.水和无机盐B.无机物C.生长素D.水20. 下图是水从土壤进入根毛细胞的示意图,此时根毛细胞与土壤溶液的浓度相比()A.偏大B.偏小C.相等D.不确定21.植物带土移栽是因为()A.防止植物散失水分B.防止植物不适应环境C.保户幼根和根毛D.保留土壤中的水分和无机盐22. 下列营养物质中,不能为人体生命活动提供能量的是()A.淀粉B.蛋白质C.水D.脂肪23. 下列食物中,脂肪含量较高的是()A.面包B.鸡蛋C.花生D.菠菜24.地方性甲状腺肿是由于饮食中缺碘引起的,下列食物中含碘比较丰富的是()A.面包B.水果C.米饭D.海带、紫菜25.某人在阑尾炎手术后的康复期间,为了促进伤口的愈合,你建议他应该多吃一些()A.奶,蛋,鱼,肉B.水果C.蔬菜D.粗粮26.下列主食中,均属于粗粮的是()A 大米和面粉 B.小麦和大麦C.高粱和大米D.小米和玉米27.小四有一天上学因为赶时间没来得及吃早餐,结果出现了头昏、无力、注意力不集中等症状。

江苏省南通地区2017-2018和2018-2019年上学期七年级英语期末试卷分类汇编:单项选择(含

江苏省南通地区2017-2018和2018-2019年上学期七年级英语期末试卷分类汇编:单项选择(含

南通地区七年级学期期末英语试卷分类汇编单项选择如皋市2l. Every morning. Jack exercises for about hour and then he walks to ______ school.A. an; /B. a; theC. an; theD. a; /22. We'll have the Term Ending Ceremony (散学典礼) ______ 2:30 __________ the afternoon of25 January.A. at; inB. at; onC. on; inD. on; on23. -Excuse me, are there any bookshops nearby?-Yes. There is ___________ near our school, just at the corner of the street.A. oneB. itC. someD. any24. -What's your _______________?-I am going to be a model when I grow up.A. hobbyB. ageC. designD. dream25. The bread __________ nice. I'd like to have another piece.A. tastesB. looksC. seemsD. feels26. Young children cannot __________ fireworks if their parents are not with them.A. think aboutB. talk ofC. find outD. let off27. -I didn't find the book Next Door in the library. Can I ____________ yours?-OK, I'll bring it here tomorrow.A. carryB. borrowC. collectD. lend28. -___________does your father go on a picnic with you?- Twice a year. He is always busy with his work.A. How farB. How longC. How oftenD. How much29. How many syllables does the word “watermelon” have?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Five.30. –Dad, we’ll have a basketball match this Saturday?- Really? _______________A. Best wishes!B. Have a good time.C. You’re welcome.D. Wish your team good luck.21-25 ABADA 26-30 DBCCD崇川区21. — Do you know Liu Haoran, ______ young popular film star?— Yes. And he can play ______ tennis well.A. the; /B. the; theC. a; /D. a; the22. My friend Alice was born ______ the evening ______ Children's Day.A. in; onB. on; ofC. in; ofD. on; on23. — Mum, can I have ______ juice? — Sure, but we don't have ______ at home.A. some; anyB. any; someC. any; anyD. some; some24. I want to ______ the CD from you. Please ______ it here tomorrow.A. borrow; takeB. borrow; bringC. lend; takeD. lend; bring25. —_______ do you want to have the Chinese New Year’s Eve dinner this year?— At a restaurant near our home.A. HowB. WhatC. WhereD. When26. Betty hates playing volleyball, so she _______ plays it.A. usuallyB. oftenC. neverD. always27. — Do you like this brown shirt, Jack?— It isn’t the right _______. It is too big for me.A. priceB. sizeC. colourD. style28. Mary buys this house _______ it looks very large and beautiful.A. orB. soC. becauseD. but29. There ______ some bread in the kitchen. You can have some.A. haveB. hasC. areD. is30. Which “oo” of the following words has the different pronunciation(发音) ?A. lookB. smoothC. toothD. pool31. This pair of red boots __________ leather. May I __________?A .are made of; try them on B. is made of; try it onC. are made of; try it onD. is made of; try them on32. —Which of the two apples are you going to take?— I am going to take______. One is for my brother and the other is for myself. We can eat ______meals.A. both; betweenB. both; amongC. all; betweenD. all; among33. Which of the following words is pronounced /smɑːt/ ?A. smartB. startC. sweetD. soft34. — Hi, Linda. Is your mother at home?— Just a minute. She ______ with my father in the room.A. chatB. is chattingC. are chattingD. chats35. — This winter holiday I’ll go to the Palace Museum with my parents.— ______.21-25 DBABC 26-30 CBCDA 31-35 DAABB通州区21. Our School Open Day usually comes ________ October. We have shows________ that day. 【A】on; in 【B】on;on 【C】in;on 【D】in; in【答案】C【分析】in+月份;在具体的某一天用on22. --What do you think of these two hair clips?--________ of them are nice. I'll take them.【A】Every 【B】Each 【C】All 【D】Both【答案】D【分析】主谓需一致,由them可知用both,all用于三者及三者以上23.--What would you like to order?--Let me have a look at the ________ , please.【A】book 【B】dish 【C】menu 【D】plate【答案】C【分析】联系句意,点菜应是看菜单,选C。

江苏省南通市启秀中学届九年级上学期期末考试化学试题(无答案)

江苏省南通市启秀中学届九年级上学期期末考试化学试题(无答案)

(1)焦炭在炼铁过程中的主要作用是提高热量和___ ;写出以赤铁矿为原料
炼铁原理的化学方程式:___ ;高炉炼铁会产生大量的高炉气体,其主要成分
是高浓度的 CO 和氧 化铁尘 粒。请你对高炉气体的处理提出合理化的建议
___

(3)铁粉与生石灰都是常用的干燥剂,现欲用化学方法检验某食品袋中的干燥剂
究竞是其中的哪一种?请你简述方法和现象:___
9. 将一定量的锌粉加入到Mg(NO3)2、Cu(NO3)2、AgNO3三种物质组成的混合液中,
充分反应后过滤,将滤渣放入稀盐酸里,有气泡产生.则下列情况不可能存在的是
(
)
A.滤渣是Ag、Cu、Mg
B.滤液中一定含有Zn(NO3)2 和Mg (NO3)2
C.滤渣是Ag、Cu、Zn
D.滤液中一定没有 Cu(NO3)2、AgNO3

将燃着的木条伸入瓶中
比较铁、铜、银的金属活动
B
将铁片和银粒分别放入硫酸铜溶液中

C
鉴别氧化铜和碳粉
观察颜色
D
鉴别氢气和甲烷两种气体 分别点燃,在火焰上方罩一干冷的烧杯
8. 如图为A、B、C为三种物质的溶解度曲线,下列说法正确的是(
)
A.0℃时,可以配制溶质质量分数相等的A、B、C三种溶液 B.t2℃时,将A和C的混合溶液(两者均已达到饱和),降温至t1℃,析出的晶体中含 有A和C C.在P点时A和C的溶解度曲线相交,则t1℃时A和C 的溶液的溶质质量分数相等 D.t1℃时,欲用 A 的饱和溶液配制 10%的 A 溶液,只需要烧杯、量筒、胶头滴管三 种玻璃仪器。
6. 当危险发生时,以下应急措施正确的是( ) A.室内发生火灾时,打开所有门窗通风 B.煤气泄漏时,打开电灯检查漏气管道 C.发现有人触电时,立即用手把触电者拉开 D.地震发生时,在底楼的同学快速跑到空旷的地方

最新-南通市启秀中学2018学年度第一学期期末会考试卷(高二物理)[原创] 精品

最新-南通市启秀中学2018学年度第一学期期末会考试卷(高二物理)[原创] 精品

南通市启秀中学2018—2018学年度第一学期期末会考试卷高二物理第I卷(选择题共45分,答案填涂在答题卡上)一、选择题(本题共15小题;每小题3分,共45分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一个正确选项。

请将答案填涂在答题卡上)1.关于物体内能的改变,下列说法中正确的是A.只有做功才能改变物体的内能B.只有热传递才能改变物体的内能C.做功和热传递都能改变物体的内能D.做功和热传递在改变物体的内能上是不.等效的2.当两个分子之间的距离为r0时,正好处于平衡状态。

下面关于分子间相互作用的引力和斥力的说法中,正确的是A.两个分子间的距离小于r0时,它们之间只有斥力作用B.两个分子间的距离小于r0时,它们之间只有引力作用C.两个分子间的距离小于r0时,它们之间既有斥力又有引力作用D.两个分子间的距离大于r0时,它们之间一定没有斥力作用3.用显微镜观察液体中悬浮颗粒的布朗运动,所得到的结论正确的是A.液体温度越高,布朗运动越激烈B.悬浮颗粒越大,布朗运动越激烈C.布朗运动是颗粒中的分子运动D.布朗运动是液体分子的无规则运动4.电容的单位是A.库仑B.法拉C.伏特D.安培5.根据电阻定律,电阻率ρ=R·S/ l。

对于温度一定的某种金属导线来说,它的电阻率...A.跟导线的电阻成正比B.跟导线的横截面成正比C.跟导线的长度成反比D.由所用金属材料本身特性决定6.在真空中有两个点电荷,二者的距离保持一定。

若把它们各自的电量都增加为原来的3倍,则现在两电荷间的库仑力为原来的A.1倍B.3倍C.6倍D.9倍7.图1是电场中某区域的电场线分布图,P点是电场中的一点,则A.P点的电场强度方向向左B.P点的电场强度方向向右C.正点电荷在P点所受的电场力的方向向左D.负点电荷在P点所受的电场力的方向向右8.图2是某区域的电场线图。

A、B是电场中的两个点,E A和E B分别表示A、B两点电场强度的大小。

下面说法中正确的是A.E A>E BB.E A=E BC. E A<E BD.无法比较E A和E B的大小9.关于磁感线的一些说法,不正确...的是A.磁感线上各点的切线方向,就是该点的磁场方向B.磁场中两条磁感线一定不相交C.磁感线分布较密的地方,磁感应强度较强D.通电螺线管的磁感线从北极出来,终止于南极,是一条不闭合的曲线P图110.关于磁感应强度,下列说法中正确的是 A.磁感应强度的大小只能反映磁场的强弱 B.磁感应强度是描述磁场强弱和方向的物理量C.磁感应强度的方向就是通电导线在磁场中所受作用力的方向D.磁感应强度的方向就是通电导线在磁场中所受作用力的反方向11.在图3中,标出了磁场B 的方向、通电直导线中电流I 的方向,以及通电直导线所受磁场力F 的方向,其中正确的是12.下列说法中正确的是,感应电动势的大小 A.跟穿过闭合电路的磁通量有关系B.跟穿过闭合电路的磁通量的变化大小有关系C.跟穿过闭合电路的磁通量的变化快慢有关系D.跟电路的电阻大小有关系13.如图4所示,在垂直于纸面的范围足够大的匀强磁场中,有一个矩形线圈abcd ,线圈平面与磁场垂直,O 1O 2和O 3O 4都是线圈的对称轴,应使线圈怎样运动才能使其中产生感生电流?A.向左或向右运动B.向上或向下运动C.垂直于纸面向外运动D.绕O 1O 2转动14.在磁感应强度为B 、方向如图5所示的匀强磁场中,金属杆PQ 在宽为l 的平行金属导轨上以速度v 向右匀速滑动,PQ 中产生的感应电动势为E 1;若磁感应强度增为2B ,其它条件不变,所产生的感应电动势大小变为E 2,则E 1与E 2之比为 A.2∶1 B.1∶2 C.1∶1D.条件不足,无法判断15.在图6所示电路中,L 是并联在电阻R 2上的一段电阻忽略不计的导线,电路两端A 、B 间的电压U 恒定,电键S 闭合。

2017-2018学年江苏省南通一中七年级(上)期末数学试卷(解析版)

2017-2018学年江苏省南通一中七年级(上)期末数学试卷(解析版)

2017-2018学年江苏省南通一中七年级(上)期末数学试卷一、选择题(30分)1.(3分)如果a=b,则下列式子不一定成立的是()A.a+c=b+c B.ac=bc C.a2=b2D.=2.(3分)已知下列方程,属于一元一次方程的有()①x﹣2=;②0.5x=1;③=8x﹣1;④x2﹣4x=8;⑤x=0;⑥x+2y=0.A.5个B.4个C.3个D.2个3.(3分)解方程去分母正确的是()A.3(x+1)﹣2x﹣3=6B.3(x+1)﹣2x﹣3=1C.3(x+1)﹣(2x﹣3)=12D.3(x+1)﹣(2x﹣3)=64.(3分)在实数,,,,,0.1010010001中无理数有()A.2 个B.3 个C.4 个D.5 个5.(3分)如图是一个正方体的平面展开图,折叠成正方体后与“建”字所在面相对的面的字是()A.创B.教C.强D.市6.(3分)下列说法正确的个数是()①射线AB与射线BA是同一条射线;②两点确定一条直线;③两条射线组成的图形叫做角;④两点之间直线最短;⑤若AB=BC,则点B是AC的中点.A.1 个B.2 个C.3 个D.4 个7.(3分)如图,小强从A处出发沿北偏东70°方向行走,走至B处,又沿着北偏西30°方向行走至C处,此时需把方向调整到与出发时一致,则方向的调整应是()A.左转80°B.右转80°C.右转100°D.左转100°8.(3分)如图,AB∥CD,∠P=40°,∠D=100°,则∠ABP的度数是()A.140°B.40°C.100°D.60°9.(3分)点P为直线L外一点,点A、B、C为直线上三点,P A=6cm,PB=8cm,PC=4cm,则点P到直线l的距离为()A.4cm B.6cm C.小于4cm D.不大于4cm 10.(3分)小林沿着笔直的公路靠右匀速行走,发现每隔5分钟从背后驶过一辆101路公交车,每隔3分钟从迎面驶来一辆101路公交车.假设每个每辆101路公交车行驶速度相同,而且101路公交车总站每隔固定时间发一辆车,那么发车间隔的时间是()A.3分钟B.3.75分钟C.4分钟D.5分钟二、填空题(24分)11.(3分)在命题“同位角相等,两直线平行”中,题设是:.12.(3分)已知关于x的方程3x﹣2a=7的解是2,则a的值为.13.(3分)若∠α=38°46′,则∠α的余角为.14.(3分)若一个正数的两个平方根分别是2a﹣1和﹣a+5,这个正数是.15.(3分)如图,将△ABE向右平移3cm得到△DCF,如果△ABE的周长是12cm,那么四边形ABFD的周长是cm.16.(3分)已知a,b为实数,且+(1﹣b)2=0,求a2015﹣b2016=.17.(3分)如果∠α与∠β的两边分别平行,∠α比∠β的三倍少24°,则∠α的度数是度.18.(3分)定义一种对正整数n的“F”运算:①当n为奇数时,结果为3n+5;②当n为偶数时,结果为(其中k是使为奇数的正整数),并且重复运算,如取n=26,则则当n=898时,第2018次“F”运算的结果是.三、解答题(96分)19.(10分)(1)计算:+|﹣2|﹣+(2)解方程:+=120.(8分)如图,在边长为1个单位长度的小正方形组成的网格中.(1)把△ABC进行平移,得到△A′B′C′,使点A与A′对应,请在网格中画出△A′B′C′;(2)线段AA′与线段CC′的位置关系是:;(填“平行”或“相交”)(3)求出△ABC的面积.21.(7分)如图,EF∥AD,∠1=∠2,∠BAC=65°.将求∠AGD的过程填写完整.∵EF∥AD,∴∠2=(),∵∠1=∠2,∴∠1=∠3,∴AB∥(),∴∠BAC+=180°(),∵∠BAC=65°,∴∠AGD=°.22.(10分)如图,已知线段AB,延长AB到C,使BC=AB,D为AC的中点,DC=2,求AB的长.23.(8分)张华想用一块面积为400cm2的正方形纸片,沿着边的方向剪出一块面积为300cm2的长方形纸片,使它的长宽之比为3:2.他不知能否裁得出来,正在发愁.李明见了说:“别发愁,一定能用一块面积大的纸片裁出一块面积小的纸片.”你同意李明的说法吗?张华能用这块纸片裁出符合要求的纸片吗?24.(10分)定义一种新运算“⊕”:a⊕b=2a﹣3b,比如:1⊕(﹣3)=2×1﹣3×(﹣3)=11.(1)求(﹣2)⊕3的值;(2)若(3x﹣2)⊕(x+1)=2,求x的值.25.(10分)某市为促进节约用水,提高用水效率,建设节水型城市,将自来水划分为“家居用水”和“非家居用水”.根据新规定,“家居用水”用水量不超过6t,按每吨1.2元收费;如果超过6t,未超过部分仍按每吨1.2元收费,而超过部分则按每吨2元收费.如果某用户5月份水费平均为每吨1.4元,那么该用户5月份应交水费多少元?26.(9分)如图,直线AB与CD相交于点O,OE⊥AB,OF⊥CD,OP是∠BOC的平分线.(1)请写出图中所有∠EOC的补角.(2)如果∠POC:∠EOC=2:5.求∠BOF的度数.27.(12分)如图,已知AM∥BN,∠A=52°,点P射线AM上,动点(与点A不重合),BC、BD分别平分∠ABP和∠PBN,分别交射线AM于点C,D.(1)求∠CBD的度数;(2)当点P运动时,∠APB与∠ADB之间的数量关系是否随之发生变化?若不变化,请写出它们之间的关系,并说明理由,若变化,请写出变化规律;(3)当点P运动到使∠ACB=∠ABD时,求∠ABC的度数.28.(12分)如图1,O为直线AB上一点,过点O作射线OC,∠AOC=30°,将一直角三角板(∠M=30°)的直角顶点放在点O处,一边ON在射线OA上,另一边OM与OC都在直线AB的上方.(1)将图1中的三角板绕点O以每秒3°的速度沿顺时针方向旋转一周.如图2,经过t秒后OM恰好平分∠BOC,则t=(直接写结果)(2)在(1)问的基础上,若三角板在转动的同时,射线OC也绕O点以每秒6°的速度沿顺时针方向旋转一周,如图3,那么经过多少秒后OC平分∠MON?请说明理由;(3)在(2)问的基础上,那么经过多少秒∠MOC=36°?请说明理由.2017-2018学年江苏省南通一中七年级(上)期末数学试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题(30分)1.【解答】解:A、∵a=b,∴a+c=b+c,故此选项不合题意;B、∵a=b,∴ac=bc,故此选项不合题意;C、∵a=b,∴a2=b2,故此选项不合题意;D、∵a=b,∴=(c≠0),故此选项符合题意;故选:D.2.【解答】解:②0.5x=1;③=8x﹣1;⑤x=0是一元一次方程,共3个,故选:C.3.【解答】解:由此方程的分母2,6可知,其最小公倍数为6,故去分母得:3(x+1)﹣(2x﹣3)=6.故选:D.4.【解答】解:=2,=﹣2,在实数,,,,,0.1010010001中无理数有:,,共2个.故选:A.5.【解答】解:∵正方体的表面展开图,相对的面之间一定相隔一个正方形,∴“建”与“强”是相对面.故选:C.6.【解答】解:①射线AB与射线BA不是同一条射线,故①错误;②两点确定一条直线,故②正确;③两条端点重合的射线组成的图形叫做角,故③错误;④两点之间线段最短,故④错误;⑤若AB=BC,则点B不一定是AC的中点,故⑤错误.故选:A.7.【解答】解:80°+30°=110°.由北偏西30°转向北偏东80°,需要向右转.故选:C.8.【解答】解:延长AB交DP于点E.∵AB∥CD,∴∠BEP=∠D=100°,∴∠ABP=∠BEP+∠P=100°+40°=140°.故选:A.9.【解答】解:∵直线外一点与直线上各点连接的所有线段中,垂线段最短,∴点P到直线l的距离≤PC,即点P到直线l的距离不大于4.故选:D.10.【解答】解:设车的速度是a,人的速度是b,每隔t分钟发一班车,两辆车之间的距离是:at,车从背后驶过是一个追及问题,人与车之间的距离也是:at,那么:at=5(a﹣b)①,车从前面来是相遇问题,那么:at=3(a+b)②,①﹣②得:a=4b,所以:at=3.75a,t=3.75,即发车的间隔的时间是3.75分钟,故选:B.二、填空题(24分)11.【解答】解:命题中,已知的事项是“同位角相等”,所以“同位角相等”是命题的题设部分.故答案为同位角相等.12.【解答】解:把x=2代入方程3x﹣2a=7得:6﹣2a=7,解得:a=﹣0.5,故答案为:﹣0.5.13.【解答】解:∠α的余角=90°﹣∠α=51°14′,故答案为:51°14′.14.【解答】解:∵一个正数的两个平方根分别是2a﹣1和﹣a+5,∴(2a﹣1)+(﹣a+5)=0,整理,可得a+4=0,解得a=﹣4,∴这个正数是:[﹣(﹣4)+5]2=81.故答案为:81.15.【解答】解:∵△ABE向右平移3cm得到△DCF,∴EF=AD=3cm,AE=DF.∵△ABE的周长为12cm,∴AB+BE+AE=12cm.∴四边形ABFD的周长=AB+BE+EF+DF+AD=AB+BE+AE+EF+AD=12+3+3=18cm.故答案为18.16.【解答】解:∵+(1﹣b)2=0,∴1+a=0、1﹣b=0,解得:a=﹣1、b=1,则原式=(﹣1)2015﹣12016=﹣1﹣1=﹣2,故答案为:﹣2.17.【解答】解:∵∠α与∠β的两边分别平行,∴∠α与∠β相等或互补,设∠β=x°,则∠α=3x°﹣24°,若∠α与∠β相等,则x=3x﹣24,解得:x=12,∴∠α=3×12°﹣24°=12°;若∠α与∠β互补,则x+3x﹣24=180,解得:x=51,∴∠α=3×51°﹣24°=129°,∴∠α的度数是12°或129°.故答案为:12或129.18.【解答】解:第1次:=449,第2次:3×449+5=1352,第3次:=169,第4次:3×169+5=512,第5次:=1,第6次:3×1+5=8,第7次:=1,…∵(2018﹣5)÷2=1006…1,∴第2018次“F”运算的结果是8.故答案为:8.三、解答题(96分)19.【解答】解:(1)+|﹣2|﹣+=5+2﹣+3+=10;(2)+=15x+1+2x﹣2=6,解得:x=1.20.【解答】解:(1)所作图形如图所示:(2)线段AA′与线段CC′相互平行;(3)S△ABC=3×3﹣×2×3﹣×3×1﹣×2×1=3.5.故答案为:平行.21.【解答】解:∵EF∥AD,∴∠2=∠3(两直线平行,同位角相等),又∵∠1=∠2,∴∠1=∠3(等量代换),∴AB∥DG(内错角相等,两直线平行),∴∠BAC+∠AGD=180°(两直线平行,同旁内角互补),∵∠BAC=65°,∴∠AGD=115°,故答案为:∠3,(两直线平行,同位角相等),DG,(内错角相等,两直线平行),∠AGD,(两直线平行,同旁内角互补),115.22.【解答】解:设BC=x,则AB=3x,∴DC==2x=2,∴x=1,∴AB=3.23.【解答】答:不同意李明的说法解:设长方形纸片的长为3x(x>0)cm,则宽为2x cm,依题意得3x•2x=300,6x2=300,x2=50,∵x>0,∴x==5,∴长方形纸片的长为15cm,∵50>49,∴5 >7,∴15 >21,即长方形纸片的长大于20cm,由正方形纸片的面积为400 cm2,可知其边长为20cm,∴长方形纸片的长大于正方形纸片的边长.答:李明不能用这块纸片裁出符合要求的长方形纸片.24.【解答】解:(1)根据题中的新定义得:原式=﹣4﹣9=﹣13;(2)已知等式利用题中新定义整理得:2(3x﹣2)﹣3(x+1)=2,去括号得:6x﹣4﹣3x﹣3=2,移项合并得:3x=9,解得:x=3.25.【解答】解:设该用户5月份用水xt,根据题意,得1.4x=6×1.2+2(x﹣6).解这个方程,得x=8.所以8×1.4=11.2(元).答:该用户5月份应交水费11.2元.26.【解答】解:(1)∵OE⊥AB,OF⊥CD,∴∠AOE=∠DOF=90°,∴∠EOA+∠AOD=∠DOF+∠AOD,即:∠EOD=∠AOF,∵∠EOC+∠EOD=180°,∴∠AOF+∠EOC=180°,∴∠EOD,∠AOF都是∠EOC的补角,故答案为:∠EOD,∠AOF;(2)∵OP是∠BOC的平分线,∴∠POC=∠POB,∵∠POC:∠EOC=2:5,∴∠POC=90°×=20°,∴∠POB=20°,∵∠DOF=90°,∴∠BOF=90°﹣20°﹣20°=50°.27.【解答】解:(1)∵AM∥BN,∴∠A+∠ABN=180°,∵∠A=52°,∴∠ABN=128°,∵BC、BD分别平分∠ABP和∠PBN,∴∠CBP=∠ABP,∠DBP=∠NBP,∴∠CBD=∠ABN=64°;(2)不变化,∠APB=2∠ADB,证明:∵AM∥BN,∴∠APB=∠PBN,∠ADB=∠DBN,又∵BD平分∠PBN,∴∠PBN=2∠DBN,∴∠APB=2∠ADB;(3)∵AD∥BN,∴∠ACB=∠CBN,又∵∠ACB=∠ABD,∴∠CBN=∠ABD,∴∠ABC=∠DBN,由(1)可得,∠CBD=64°,∠ABN=128°,∴∠ABC=(128°﹣64°)=32°.28.【解答】解:(1)①∵∠AON+∠BOM=90°,∠COM=∠MOB,∵∠AOC=30°,∴∠BOC=2∠COM=150°,∴∠COM=75°,∴∠CON=15°,∴∠AON=∠AOC﹣∠CON=30°﹣15°=15°,解得:t=15°÷3°=5秒;(2)5秒时OC平分∠MON,理由如下:∵∠AON+∠BOM=90°,∠CON=∠COM,∵∠MON=90°,∴∠CON=∠COM=45°,∵三角板绕点O以每秒3°的速度,射线OC也绕O点以每秒6°的速度旋转,设∠AON为3t,∠AOC为30°+6t,∵∠AOC﹣∠AON=45°,可得:6t﹣3t=15°,解得:t=5秒;(3)如上图:OC平分∠MOBOC可能在∠MOB内侧也可能在外侧,由题意得:6t﹣3t=54°﹣30°=24°或6t﹣3t=126°﹣30°=96°,解得:t=8或32秒;答:经过8或32秒∠MOC=36°.。

苏科新版初中数学七年级上册期末测试题(2017-2018学年江苏省南通市崇川区

苏科新版初中数学七年级上册期末测试题(2017-2018学年江苏省南通市崇川区

2017-2018学年江苏省南通市崇川区启秀中学七年级(上)期末数学试卷一、选择题(每小题3分,共30分)1.(3分)数轴上表示﹣的点到原点的距离是()A.﹣B.C.﹣2D.22.(3分)2017年某市有32000名初中毕业生参加了升学考试,为了了解32000名考生的升学成绩,从中抽取了200名考生的试卷进行统计分析,以下说法不正确的是()A.23000名考生是总体B.每名考生是个体C.抽取的200名考生是总体的一个样木D.样本容量是200个3.(3分)已知a和b是有理数,若a+b=0,a2+b2≠0,则a和b之间一定()A.存在一个整数B.存在正整数C.存在负整数D.不存在正分数4.(3分)已知线段AB,AB到C,使BC=2AB,M,N分别是AB、BC的中点,则()A.MN=0.5BC B.AN=1.5AB C.CM:BA=5:2D.AM=0.75BC 5.(3分)设A,B是四次多项式,且A+B仍是一个多项式,其次数为()A.八次B.四次C.不低于四次D.不高于四次6.(3分)下列说法中,正确的个数为()①若m>n,则|m|>|n|;②若|m|>|n|,则m>n;③若m=n,则|m|=|n|;④若|m|=|n|,则m=n;⑤若|a|=a,则a>0;⑥若x<0,y<0,且x<y,则|x|<|y|.A.0B.1C.2D.37.(3分)钟表的时针与分针在运行过程中每隔一定时间就相遇一次,相遇间隔的时间是()A.1小时B.小时C.1.2小时D.1.1小时8.(3分)下列图形中,能通过折叠围成一个三棱柱的是()A.B.C.D.9.(3分)已知一个由50个偶数排成的数阵,用如图所示的框去框住四个数,并求出这四个数的和.在下列给出的备选答案中,有可能是这四个数的和是()A.80B.148C.180D.33210.(3分)将正方体骰子(相对面上的点数分别为1和6,2和5,3和4)放置于水平桌面上,如图1.在图2中,将骰子向右翻滚90°,然后在桌面上按逆时针方向旋转90°,则完成一次变换.若骰子的初始位置为图1所示的状态,那么按上述规则连续完成11次变换后,骰子朝上一面的点数是()A.3B.5C.6D.2二、填空题(每空3分,共24分)11.(3分)﹣7的倒数是.12.(3分)近似数3.0×103精确到位.13.(3分)计算:15°37′+42°51′=.14.(3分)李先生向商店订购了每件定价100元的衣服80件,李先生对商店经理说:“如果你肯减价,那么减去定价的5%,我就多订20件”,商店经理算了一下,获得的利润反而比原来多100元,则这种商品成本是元.15.(3分)M,N,P分别是数轴上三个整数对应的点,且MN=NP=1,数a对应的点在M和N之间,数b对应的点在N和P之间,若|a|+|b|不小于2.则M,N,P三个点中,原点不可能是点.16.(3分)如图,直线AB,CD相交于点O,∠DOF=90°,OF平分∠AOE,则图中互补的角有对.17.(3分)把四张形状大小完全相同的小长方形卡片(如图1)不重复地放在一个底面为长方形(长为mcm,宽为ncm)的盒子底部(如图2),盒子底面未被卡片覆盖的部分用阴影表示.则图2中两块阴影部分周长和是cm.(用m或n的式子表示).18.(3分)初一学生步行30千米到郊外春游,(1)班学生组成前队,步行速度4千米/时,(2)班学生组成后队,速度为6千米/时,前队出发1小时后,后队才出发,两队约好在目的地集中,则后队出发小时后两队相距2千米.三、解答题(共9小题,满分96分)19.(8分)计算:(1)(﹣6)2÷()(2)()×(﹣6)20.(16分)解方程:(1)2x﹣3=4﹣3x(2)3(x﹣1)=(3)8+5(x﹣1)=2x(4)21.(10分)先化简,再求值:(1)12(a2b)+5(ab2﹣a2b)﹣4(),其中a=,b=5;(2)已知a﹣b=5,ab=1,求(2a+3b﹣2ab)﹣(a+4b+ab)﹣(3ab+2b﹣2a)的值.22.(10分)如图,C为线段AB的中点,D在线段CB上,且DA=8,DB=6.求:(1)AC的长;(2)CD的长.23.(9分)(1)有大小相同的小立方体搭成的几何体如左图,请在右图的方格中画出该几何体的俯视图和左视图;(2)用a个小立方体搭一几何体,使得它的俯视图和左视图与你上面方格中所画的图一致,则请将下式先化简再求值:|3﹣2a|•|0.5a﹣4|.24.(9分)已知关于x的方程4(x﹣2)=ax的解为正整数,求整数a的所有可能取值.25.(10分)如图,∠DAB+∠ABC+∠BCE=360°.(1)求证:AD∥CE;(2)在(1)的条件下,如图,作∠BCF=∠BCG,CF与∠BAH的平分线交于点F,若∠F的余角等于2∠B的补角,求∠BAH的度数.26.(10分)启秀中学南校区扩建,学校安排一批工人去除草两片杂草地一大一小,大的面积是小的2倍所有人先在大的草地上除草半天,午后分为两组,一半人继续留在大的草地上割草,直到下午收工时恰好割完,另一半人去小的草地割,下午收工时还剩下一小块没割,这一小块次日派一个人去割,割完恰好花了一天时间,若每个人工作效率一样,间这批割草的工人一共多少人?27.(14分)在小学里,我们通过实验的方法验证了三角形的三个内角和为180°,如图,我们将三角形纸片通过裁剪拼图的方式移到同一顶点处,发现三个角的和等于一个平角.(1)请你结合已学知识,证明“三角形的内角和等于180°(三角形内角和定理);(2)利用三角形内角和定理解决下列问题:①平面内两个角∠1,∠2,它们没有公共顶点也没有边共线如果∠1和∠2的两边分别垂直,则这两个角的数量关系是;②画出①中相应的图形(图中标明∠1,∠2),并根据你所画的图形证明①中的结论.2017-2018学年江苏省南通市崇川区启秀中学七年级(上)期末数学试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题(每小题3分,共30分)1.(3分)数轴上表示﹣的点到原点的距离是()A.﹣B.C.﹣2D.2【分析】结合数轴知:表示﹣的点到原点的距离为.【解答】解:表示﹣的点到原点的距离为.故选:B.【点评】注意:距离是一个非负数,即是数轴上该点对应的这个数的绝对值.2.(3分)2017年某市有32000名初中毕业生参加了升学考试,为了了解32000名考生的升学成绩,从中抽取了200名考生的试卷进行统计分析,以下说法不正确的是()A.23000名考生是总体B.每名考生是个体C.抽取的200名考生是总体的一个样木D.样本容量是200个【分析】本题考查的是确定总体.解此类题需要注意“考查对象实际应是表示事物某一特征的数据,而非考查的事物.”.我们在区分总体、个体、样本、样本容量这四个概念时,首先找出考查的对象,考查的对象是考生的升学成绩,即可确定总体、个体、样本,进而确定样本容量.【解答】解:A、32000名考生的升学成绩是总体,故本选项错误;B、每名考生的升学成绩是个体,故本选项错误;C、抽取的200名考生的升学成绩是总体的一个样本,故本选项正确;D、样本容量是200,故本选项错误;故选:D.【点评】本题考查了总体、个体、样本、样本容量的定义,解题要分清具体问题中的总体、个体与样本,关键是明确考查的对象.总体、个体与样本的考查对象是相同的,所不同的是范围的大小.样本容量是样本中包含的个体的数目,不能带单位.3.(3分)已知a和b是有理数,若a+b=0,a2+b2≠0,则a和b之间一定()A.存在一个整数B.存在正整数C.存在负整数D.不存在正分数【分析】利用相反数的性质,以及有理数加法法则判断即可.【解答】解:已知a和b是有理数,若a+b=0,a2+b2≠0,可得a与b互为相反数,且不为0,则a和b之间一定存在一个整数0,故选:A.【点评】此题考查了有理数的加法,以及有理数,熟练掌握运算法则是解本题的关键.4.(3分)已知线段AB,AB到C,使BC=2AB,M,N分别是AB、BC的中点,则()A.MN=0.5BC B.AN=1.5AB C.CM:BA=5:2D.AM=0.75BC 【分析】根据已知得出AM=BM=AB,AB=BN=NC,BN=NC=BC,即可推出各个答案.【解答】解:A、∵M、N分别是AB、BC的中点,∴BM=AB,BN=BC,∴MN=BM+BN=AB+BC=AC,故本选项错误;B、∵BC=2AB,M、N分别是AB、BC的中点,∴BN=NC=AB,∴AN=2AB,故本选项错误;C、∵BC=2AB,M、N分别是AB、BC的中点,∴BA=BN=NC,∴AM=BM=AB,∴CM=BC+BM=2AB+AB=,∴CM:BA=5:2,故本选项正确;D、∵BC=2AB,M、N分别是AB、BC的中点,∴AM=BM=AB=BC,故本选项错误;故选:C.【点评】本题考查了线段的中点和求两点间的距离的应用,能熟练地推出各个有关的关系式是解此题的关键.5.(3分)设A,B是四次多项式,且A+B仍是一个多项式,其次数为()A.八次B.四次C.不低于四次D.不高于四次【分析】A,B是四次多项式,且A+B仍是一个多项式,其次数为四次,三次,二次或一次,即可得到正确选项.【解答】解:A,B是四次多项式,且A+B仍是一个多项式,其次数为不高于四次的多项式.故选:D.【点评】此题考查了多项式,解题的关键是弄清多项式次数是多项式中次数最高的项的次数.易错点:由于概念理解不透彻,容易错选A或B.6.(3分)下列说法中,正确的个数为()①若m>n,则|m|>|n|;②若|m|>|n|,则m>n;③若m=n,则|m|=|n|;④若|m|=|n|,则m=n;⑤若|a|=a,则a>0;⑥若x<0,y<0,且x<y,则|x|<|y|.A.0B.1C.2D.3【分析】利用绝对值的意义及求法逐一采用排除法求解即可.【解答】解:①若m>n,则|m|>|n|,错误;②若|m|>|n|,则m>n,错误;③若m=n,则|m|=|n|正确;④若|m|=|n|,则m=n,错误;⑤若|a|=a,则a>0错误;⑥若x<0,y<0,且x<y,则|x|<|y|错误,故选:B.【点评】本题考查了绝对值及有理数的大小比较,解题的关键是了解绝对值的意义及求法.7.(3分)钟表的时针与分针在运行过程中每隔一定时间就相遇一次,相遇间隔的时间是()A.1小时B.小时C.1.2小时D.1.1小时【分析】由题意可知:钟表的时针每转动一大格,则分钟就转动12个大格,也就是一周,每隔一定时间就相遇一次也就是分针比时针就多运行12个大格,设相遇间隔的时间是x 小时,则时针转了为x格,则分针转了12x格,由此列出方程解答即可.【解答】解:设相遇间隔的时间是x小时,时针的速度为x格/小时,则分针的速度为12x 格/小时,12x﹣x=12,解得:x=.答:相遇间隔的时间是小时.故选:B.【点评】此题考查一元一次方程的实际运用,掌握时针与分针之间的运行速度关系是解决问题的关键.8.(3分)下列图形中,能通过折叠围成一个三棱柱的是()A.B.C.D.【分析】根据三棱柱及其表面展开图的特点对各选项分析判断即可得解.【解答】解:A、折叠后少一面,故本选项错误;B、折叠后两侧面重叠,不能围成三棱柱,故本选项错误;C、折叠后能围成三棱柱,故本选项正确;D、折叠后两侧面重叠,不能围成三棱柱,故本选项错误.故选:C.【点评】本题考查了三棱柱表面展开图,上、下两底面应在侧面展开图长方形的两侧,且是全等的三角形,不能有两个侧面在两三角形的同一侧.9.(3分)已知一个由50个偶数排成的数阵,用如图所示的框去框住四个数,并求出这四个数的和.在下列给出的备选答案中,有可能是这四个数的和是()A.80B.148C.180D.332【分析】设框住四个数中,第一行的第1数为x,则第2个为x+2,第二行的第1数为x+12,则第2个为x+14,这四个数为和为x+x+2+x+12+x+14=4x+28,然后令4x+28=80、148、180、332,计算出对应的x的值,然后利用x为偶数,x为数阵中每行的第1或第2个数对各选项进行判断.【解答】解:设框住四个数中,第一行的第1数为x,则第2个为x+2,第二行的第1数为x+12,则第2个为x+14,这四个数为和为x+x+2+x+12+x+14=4x+28,若4x+28=80,解得x=13,x应为偶数,不合题意;若4x+28=148,解得x=30,而30为第三行最后一个数,不合题意;若4x+28=180,解得x=38,而30为第四行的第4个数,不合题意;若4x+28=332,解得x=76,则四数为76,78,88,90.故选:D.【点评】本题考查了规律型:数字变化类:探寻数列规律:认真观察、仔细思考,善用联想是解决这类问题的方法.10.(3分)将正方体骰子(相对面上的点数分别为1和6,2和5,3和4)放置于水平桌面上,如图1.在图2中,将骰子向右翻滚90°,然后在桌面上按逆时针方向旋转90°,则完成一次变换.若骰子的初始位置为图1所示的状态,那么按上述规则连续完成11次变换后,骰子朝上一面的点数是()A.3B.5C.6D.2【分析】先向右翻滚,然后再逆时针旋转叫做一次变换,那么连续3次变换是一个循环.用11被3除看看余数,从而确定是变换后的图形.【解答】解:根据题意可知连续3次变换是一循环.11÷3=3…2.所以是第2次变换后的图形,与将骰子向右翻滚90度向上的点数相同是6.故选:C.【点评】此题考查图形的变化规律,找出循环的规律是解决问题的关键,动手操作直观易懂.二、填空题(每空3分,共24分)11.(3分)﹣7的倒数是﹣.【分析】此题根据倒数的含义解答,乘积为1的两个数互为倒数,所以﹣7的倒数为1÷(﹣7).【解答】解:﹣7的倒数为:1÷(﹣7)=﹣.故答案为:﹣.【点评】此题考查的知识点是倒数.解答此题的关键是要知道乘积为1的两个数互为倒数,所以﹣7的倒数为1÷(﹣7).12.(3分)近似数3.0×103精确到百位.【分析】要判断科学记数法表示的数精确到哪一位,应当看最后一个数字在什么位,即精确到了什么位.【解答】解:近似数3.0×103中的0位于百位,即精确到了百位.故答案为:百.【点评】本题考查了学生对精确度的掌握情况,精确度由所得近似数的最后一位有效数字在该数中的位置决定.13.(3分)计算:15°37′+42°51′=58°28′.【分析】把分相加,超过60的部分进为1度即可得解.【解答】解:∵37+51=88,∴15°37′+42°51′=58°28′.故答案为:58°28′.【点评】本题考查了度分秒的换算,比较简单,要注意度分秒是60进制.14.(3分)李先生向商店订购了每件定价100元的衣服80件,李先生对商店经理说:“如果你肯减价,那么减去定价的5%,我就多订20件”,商店经理算了一下,获得的利润反而比原来多100元,则这种商品成本是70元.【分析】设这种商品成本是x元,分别表示出降价前后的利润,然后根据等量关系:降价后获得的利润比降价前多100元,可得出方程,解出即可.【解答】解:设这种商品成本是x元,则原来的利润为80(100﹣x),减价后的利润为:100(100×95%﹣x),由题意得,100(100×95%﹣x)﹣80(100﹣x)=100,解得:x=70,即这种商品的成本是70元.故答案为:70.【点评】此题考查了一元一次方程的应用,属于基础题,解答本题的关键是根据题意得出降价前后所获得的利润,得出方程,难度一般.15.(3分)M,N,P分别是数轴上三个整数对应的点,且MN=NP=1,数a对应的点在M和N之间,数b对应的点在N和P之间,若|a|+|b|不小于2.则M,N,P三个点中,原点不可能是点N.【分析】先利用数轴特点确定a,b的关系从而求出a,b的值,确定原点.【解答】解:∵MN=NP=1∴|MN|=|NP|=1,∴|MP|=2;①当原点在M点时,a<1,2>b>1,|a|+|b|=2可以,所以,原点可以在M点;②当原点在N点时,﹣1<a<0,1>b>0,|a|+|b|=2不可能,所以,原点不可能在N点;③当原点在P点时,﹣2<a<﹣1,0>b>﹣1,|a|+|b|=2可以,所以,原点可以在P点.综上所述,此原点不可能在N点.故答案为:N【点评】主要考查了数轴的定义和绝对值的意义.解此类题的关键是:先利用条件判断出绝对值符号里代数式的正负性,再根据绝对值的性质把绝对值符号去掉,把式子化简后根据整点的特点求解.16.(3分)如图,直线AB,CD相交于点O,∠DOF=90°,OF平分∠AOE,则图中互补的角有9对.【分析】利用补角的意义直接写出即可.【解答】解:∠AOC和∠BOC互补,∠AOC和∠AOD互补,∠AOF和∠BOF互补,∠EOF和∠BOF互补,∠COF和∠FOD互补,∠EOB和∠EOA互补,∠BOD和∠BOC 互补,∠BOD和∠AOD互补,∠COE和∠DOE互补.互补的角共有9对.故答案为:9.【点评】此题考查补角的意义,能够利用补角的定义写出每一对补角是解题的关键.17.(3分)把四张形状大小完全相同的小长方形卡片(如图1)不重复地放在一个底面为长方形(长为mcm,宽为ncm)的盒子底部(如图2),盒子底面未被卡片覆盖的部分用阴影表示.则图2中两块阴影部分周长和是4n cm.(用m或n的式子表示).【分析】设小长方形卡片的长为xcm,宽为ycm,由图形得到m﹣x=2y,即x+2y=m,分别表示阴影部分两长方形的长与宽,进而表示出阴影部分的周长和,去括号合并后,将x+2y=m代入,即可得到结果.【解答】解:设小长方形卡片的长为xcm,宽为ycm,可得:m﹣x=2y,即x+2y=m,根据近题意得:阴影部分的周长为2[(m﹣x)+(n﹣x)]+2[(n﹣2y)+(m﹣2y)]=2(2m+2n﹣2x﹣4y)=4[m+n﹣(x+2y)]=4(m+n﹣m)=4n(cm).故答案为:4n.【点评】此题考查了整式加减运算的应用,弄清题意是解本题的关键.18.(3分)初一学生步行30千米到郊外春游,(1)班学生组成前队,步行速度4千米/时,(2)班学生组成后队,速度为6千米/时,前队出发1小时后,后队才出发,两队约好在目的地集中,则后队出发3或1小时后两队相距2千米.【分析】要分三种情况讨论:①当(2)班还没有超过(1)班时,相距2千米;②当(2)班超过(1)班后,(1)班与(2)班再次相距2千米,分别列出方程,③后对没有出发时,求解即可.【解答】解:设后队出发y小时后两队相距2千米.①若后队没有追上前队时相距2千米:4+4y=6y+2,解得:y=1,②若后队追上前队并且超过前队2千米:6y=4+2+4y,解得:y=3,③后对没有出发时,4y=2,解得,y=0.5,此时问后队出发后,不合题意,舍去故答案为:3或1.【点评】此题主要考查了一元一次方程的应用,关键是正确理解题意,找出题目中的等量关系,设出未知数,列出方程.三、解答题(共9小题,满分96分)19.(8分)计算:(1)(﹣6)2÷()(2)()×(﹣6)【分析】(1)首先计算乘方,然后计算减法、除法,求出算式的值是多少即可.(2)首先计算乘方,然后计算小括号里面的减法,最后从左向右依次计算,求出算式的值是多少即可.【解答】解:(1)(﹣6)2÷()=36÷(﹣)=﹣216(2)()×(﹣6)=(﹣)×(﹣6)÷÷(﹣)=1×4×(﹣8)=﹣32【点评】此题主要考查了有理数的混合运算,要熟练掌握,注意明确有理数混合运算顺序:先算乘方,再算乘除,最后算加减;同级运算,应按从左到右的顺序进行计算;如果有括号,要先做括号内的运算.20.(16分)解方程:(1)2x﹣3=4﹣3x(2)3(x﹣1)=(3)8+5(x﹣1)=2x(4)【分析】(1)方程移项合并,把x系数化为1,即可求出解;(2)方程去分母,去括号,移项合并,把x系数化为1,即可求出解;(3)原式去括号,移项合并,把x系数化为1,即可求出解;(4)方程整理后,去分母,去括号,移项合并,把x系数化为1,即可求出解.【解答】解:(1)移项得:2x+3x=4+3,合并得:5x=7,解得:x=;(2)去分母得:6(x﹣1)=x﹣1,去括号得:6x﹣6=x﹣1,移项合并得:5x=5,解得:x=1;(3)去括号得:8+5x﹣5=2x,移项合并得:3x=﹣3,解得:x=﹣1;(4)方程整理得:5x+20﹣2x+6=2,移项合并得:3x=﹣24,解得:x=﹣8.【点评】此题考查了解一元一次方程,熟练掌握运算法则是解本题的关键.21.(10分)先化简,再求值:(1)12(a2b)+5(ab2﹣a2b)﹣4(),其中a=,b=5;(2)已知a﹣b=5,ab=1,求(2a+3b﹣2ab)﹣(a+4b+ab)﹣(3ab+2b﹣2a)的值.【分析】(1)原式去括号合并得到最简结果,把a与b的值代入计算即可求出值;(2)原式去括号合并得到最简结果,把a﹣b与ab的值代入计算即可求出值.【解答】解:(1)原式=12a2b﹣4ab2+5ab2﹣5a2b﹣2a2b﹣12=5a2b+ab2﹣12,当a=,b=5时,原式=1+5﹣12=﹣6;(2)原式=2a+3b﹣2ab﹣a﹣4b﹣ab﹣3ab﹣2b+2a=3a﹣3b﹣6ab=3(a﹣b)﹣6ab,当a﹣b=5,ab=1时,原式=15﹣6=9.【点评】此题考查了整式的加减﹣化简求值,熟练掌握运算法则是解本题的关键.22.(10分)如图,C为线段AB的中点,D在线段CB上,且DA=8,DB=6.求:(1)AC的长;(2)CD的长.【分析】(1)根据线段的和与差得出AC=AB;(2)根据线段的和与差得CD=AD﹣AC.【解答】解:(1)∵DA=8,DB=6,∴AB=AD+DB=14,∵C为线段AB的中点,∴AC=AB=×14=7,(2)∵DA=8,AC=7,∴CD=AD﹣AC=8﹣7=1.【点评】本题考查了两点间的距离公式,掌握线段的和与差是解题的关键.23.(9分)(1)有大小相同的小立方体搭成的几何体如左图,请在右图的方格中画出该几何体的俯视图和左视图;(2)用a个小立方体搭一几何体,使得它的俯视图和左视图与你上面方格中所画的图一致,则请将下式先化简再求值:|3﹣2a|•|0.5a﹣4|.【分析】(1)从上面看所得到的图形是俯视图,从左面看到的图形是左视图,(2)确定a的值,化简绝对值后,代入求值即可.【解答】解:(1)几何体的俯视图和左视图如图所示:(2)由题意得,a=5或a=6或a=7,∴|3﹣2a|•|0.5a﹣4|=(2a﹣3)(4﹣0.5a).当a=5时,原式=7×1.5=10.5,当a=6时,原式=9×1=9,当a=7时,原式=11×0.5=5.5,【点评】考查三视图的画法,根据俯视图和左视图可以确定a的取值,再化简求值.24.(9分)已知关于x的方程4(x﹣2)=ax的解为正整数,求整数a的所有可能取值.【分析】首先解关于x的方程求得x的值,根据x是正整数即可求得a的值.【解答】解:去括号,得:4x﹣8=ax,移项、合并同类项,得:(4﹣a)x=8,系数化成1得:x=,∵x是正整数,∴4﹣a=8或4或2或1,∴a=﹣4或0或2或3.即整数a的所有可能取值为﹣4或0或2或3.【点评】本题考查了一元一次方程的解及解一元一次方程.解关于x的方程是解答本题的关键,也是一个难点.25.(10分)如图,∠DAB+∠ABC+∠BCE=360°.(1)求证:AD∥CE;(2)在(1)的条件下,如图,作∠BCF=∠BCG,CF与∠BAH的平分线交于点F,若∠F的余角等于2∠B的补角,求∠BAH的度数.【分析】(1)首先过点B作BM∥AD,由平行线的性质可得∠DAB+∠ABM=180°,又由∠DAB+∠ABC+∠BCE=360°,即可证得∠MBC+∠BCE=180°,则BM∥CE,继而证得结论;(2)首先设∠BAF=x°,∠BCF=y°,过点B作BM∥AD,过点F作FN∥AD,根据平行线的性质,可得∠AFC=(x+2y)°,∠ABC=(2x+y)°,又由∠F的余角等于2∠B的补角,可得方程:90﹣(x+2y)=180﹣2(2x+y),继而求得答案.【解答】(1)证明:过点B作BM∥AD,∴∠DAB+∠ABM=180°,∵∠DAB+∠ABC+∠BCE=360°,∴∠MBC+∠BCE=180°,∴BM∥CE,∴AD∥CE;(2)解:设∠BAF=x°,∠BCF=y°,∵∠BCF=∠BCG,CF与∠BAH的平分线交于点F,∴∠HAF=∠BAF=x°,∠BCG=∠BCF=x°,∠BAH=2x°,∠GCF=2y°,过点B作BM∥AD,过点F作FN∥AD,∵AD∥CE,∴AD∥FN∥BM∥CE,∴∠AFN=∠HAF=x°,∠CFN=∠GCF=2y°,∠ABM=∠BAH=2x°,∠CBM=∠GCB=y°,∴∠AFC=(x+2y)°,∠ABC=(2x+y)°,∵∠F的余角等于2∠B的补角,∴90﹣(x+2y)=180﹣2(2x+y),解得:x=30,∴∠BAH=60°.【点评】此题考查了平行线的性质与判定以及余角、补角的定义.此题难度适中,注意掌握辅助线的作法,注意掌握数形结合思想与方程思想的应用.26.(10分)启秀中学南校区扩建,学校安排一批工人去除草两片杂草地一大一小,大的面积是小的2倍所有人先在大的草地上除草半天,午后分为两组,一半人继续留在大的草地上割草,直到下午收工时恰好割完,另一半人去小的草地割,下午收工时还剩下一小块没割,这一小块次日派一个人去割,割完恰好花了一天时间,若每个人工作效率一样,间这批割草的工人一共多少人?【分析】由题可知每人每天除草量是一定的,设农场有x人,每人每天除草量为y,则中午在大片草地除草量为0.5xy,下午在大片草地除草量为0.5×0.5xy,下午在小片草地除草量为0.5×0.5xy,第二天一个人刚好把剩下一块的小片地除完则1y,又因为大片地的面积是小片地的2倍,列出方程解答即可.【解答】解:由题可知每人每天除草量是一定的,设这批割草的工人一共x人,每人每天除草量为y,则中午在大片草地除草量为0.5xy,下午在大片草地除草量为0.5×0.5xy,下午在小片草地除草量为0.5×0.5xy,第二天一个人刚好把剩下一块的小片地除完则1y,又因为大片地的面积是小片地的2倍,列出方程,0.5xy+0.5×0.5xy=2×(0.5×0.5xy+y),0.5xy+0.25xy=0.5xy+2y,0.75xy﹣0.5x=2y,0.25xy=2y,0.25x=2,x=8.答:这批割草的工人一共8人.【点评】此题考查了一元一次方程的应用,主要是先明白每人每天除草量是一定的,设农场有x人,每人每天除草量为y,根据题意找到关系即可解答.27.(14分)在小学里,我们通过实验的方法验证了三角形的三个内角和为180°,如图,我们将三角形纸片通过裁剪拼图的方式移到同一顶点处,发现三个角的和等于一个平角.(1)请你结合已学知识,证明“三角形的内角和等于180°(三角形内角和定理);(2)利用三角形内角和定理解决下列问题:①平面内两个角∠1,∠2,它们没有公共顶点也没有边共线如果∠1和∠2的两边分别垂直,则这两个角的数量关系是;②画出①中相应的图形(图中标明∠1,∠2),并根据你所画的图形证明①中的结论.【分析】(1)过点A作直线DE∥BC,利用平行线的性质解决问题即可.(2)①结论:∠1+∠2=180°或∠1=∠2.①结论1利用四边形内角和定理即可解决问题.结论2利用等角的余角相等即可解决问题.【解答】(1)证明:过点A作直线DE∥BC,∵DE∥BC,∴∠DAB=∠B,∠EAC=∠C,∵∠DAB+∠EAC+∠BAC=180°,∴∠B+∠C+∠BAC=180°,即三角形的内角的和等于180°.(2)①结论:∠1+∠2=180°或∠1=∠2.②如图1中,结论:∠1+∠2=180°.理由:∵PC⊥AC,PD⊥AD,∴∠ACP=∠ADP=90°,∴∠1+∠2=360°﹣90°﹣90°=180°.如图2中,结论:∠1=∠2.理由:∵∠1+∠AOD=90°,∠2+∠POC=90°,∠AOD=∠POC,∴∠1=∠2.【点评】本题考查图形的拼剪,四边形内角和定理,等角的余角相等等知识,解题的关键是灵活运用所学知识解决问题,属于中考常考题型.第21页(共21页)。

2018年江苏省南通市启秀中学高一数学理上学期期末试卷含解析

2018年江苏省南通市启秀中学高一数学理上学期期末试卷含解析

2018年江苏省南通市启秀中学高一数学理上学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题:本大题共10小题,每小题5分,共50分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有是一个符合题目要求的1. 下列各一元二次不等式中,解集为空集的是()A.x2-2x+3<0 B.(x+4)(x-1)<0 C.(x+3)(x-1)>0 D.2x2-3x-2>0参考答案:A略2. 下列函数中,在区间(0,1)上是增函数的是()A.y=|x| B.y=3﹣x C.y=D.y=﹣x2+4参考答案:A【考点】函数单调性的判断与证明.【专题】阅读型.【分析】本题考查的是对不同的基本初等函数判断在同一区间上的单调性的问题.在解答时,可以结合选项逐一进行排查,排查时充分考虑所给函数的特性:一次函数性、幂函数性、二次函数性还有反比例函数性.问题即可获得解答.【解答】解:由题意可知:对A:y=|x|=,易知在区间(0,1)上为增函数,故正确;对B:y=3﹣x,是一次函数,易知在区间(0,1)上为减函数,故不正确;对C:y=,为反比例函数,易知在(﹣∞,0)和(0,+∞)为单调减函数,所以函数在(0,1)上为减函数,故不正确;对D:y=﹣x2+4,为二次函数,开口向下,对称轴为x=0,所以在区间(0,1)上为减函数,故不正确;故选A.【点评】此题是个基础题.本题考查的是对不同的基本初等函数判断在同一区间上的单调性的问题.在解答的过程当中充分体现了对不同基本初等函数性质的理解、认识和应用能力.值得同学们体会反思.3. 设f(x)=,则f=()A.1 B.2 C.4 D.8参考答案:B【考点】函数的值.【分析】利用函数的解析式,求解函数值即可.【解答】解:f(x)=,f=f=log24=2.故选:B.【点评】本题考查函数值的求法,考查计算能力.4. 定义在R上的奇函数f(x)满足在(﹣∞,0)上为增函数且f(﹣1)=0,则不等式x?f (x)>0的解集为()A.(﹣∞,﹣1)∪(1,+∞)B.(﹣1,0)∪(0,1)C.(﹣1,0)∪(1,+∞)D.(﹣∞,﹣1)∪(0,1)参考答案:A【考点】奇偶性与单调性的综合.【分析】根据题意,由函数f(x)的奇偶性和单调性,画出函数f(x)的草图,又由x?f(x)>0?或,结合函数的图象分析可得答案.【解答】解:根据题意,f(x)为奇函数且在(﹣∞,0)上为增函数,则f(x)在(0,+∞)上也是增函数,若f(﹣1)=0,得f(﹣1)=﹣f(1)=0,即f(1)=0,作出f(x)的草图,如图所示:对于不等式x?f(x)>0,有x?f(x)>0?或,分析可得x<﹣1或x>1,即x∈(﹣∞,﹣1)∪(1,+∞);故选:A.【点评】本题函数的奇偶性与单调性的应用,涉及不等式的解法,利用函数的奇偶性和单调性之间的关系是解决本题的关键,利用数形结合进行求解比较容易.5. 在如图所示的四个正方体中,能得出AB⊥CD的是()参考答案:A略6. 如图,点P为正方形ABCD对角线BD上的点,若?的最大值为2,则该正方形的边长为()4.2DB7. 设集合A={1,2},则()A.1?A B.1?A C.{1}∈A D.1∈A参考答案:D【考点】元素与集合关系的判断.【分析】根据元素与集合的关系,只能是“∈”和“?”,即可得.【解答】解:集合A={1,2},所以1∈A.故选D.8. 已知函数f(x)是定义在R上的奇函数,当x<0,f(x)=()x,f﹣1(x)是f(x)的反函数,那么f﹣1(﹣9)=()A.3 B.﹣3 C.2 D.﹣2参考答案:C【考点】反函数;函数奇偶性的性质.【分析】欲求f﹣1(﹣9)可先求f﹣1(9),令()x=9求出x,根据原函数与反函数之间的关系可知f﹣1(9),然后根据反函数的奇偶性可求出所求.【解答】解:令()x=9解得x=﹣2∴f﹣1(9)=﹣2.∵函数f(x)是定义在R上的奇函数∴函数f﹣1(x)也是奇函数,则f﹣1(﹣9)=﹣f﹣1(9)=2故选:C.9. 若函数的图象是连续不断的,且,,,则加上下列哪条件可确定有唯一零点()A. B. 函数在定义域内为增函数C. D. 函数在定义域内为减函数参考答案:D略10. 在某种新型材料的研制中,实验人员获得了下列一组实验数据.现准备用下列四个函数中的一个近似地表示这些数据的规律,其中最接近的一个是…()A. y=2xB. y=(x2-1)C. y=log2xD. y=2x-3参考答案:C略二、填空题:本大题共7小题,每小题4分,共28分11. (5分)过点P(0,﹣1)作直线l,若直线l与连接A(1,﹣2),B(2,1)的线段没有公共点,则直线l的倾斜角的取值范围是.参考答案:(45°,135°)考点:直线的倾斜角.专题:直线与圆.分析:利用斜率计算公式可得k PA=﹣1,k PB=1.可得直线PA,PB的倾斜角分别为135°,45°.由于直线l与连接A(1,﹣2),B(2,1)的线段没有公共点,可得直线l的斜率k满足k>1或k<﹣1,即可得出.解答:解:∵k PA==﹣1,k PB==1.∴直线PA,PB的倾斜角分别为135°,45°.∵直线l与连接A(1,﹣2),B(2,1)的线段没有公共点,∴直线l的斜率k满足k>1或k<﹣1,∴直线l的倾斜角的取值范围是(45°,135°).故答案为:(45°,135°).点评:本题考查了直线的倾斜角与斜率的关系,考查了计算能力,属于基础题.12. 是偶函数,且在是减函数,则整数的值是参考答案:213. 若函数f(x)=(x∈[2,6]),则函数的值域是.参考答案:[ ]考点:函数的值域.专题:函数的性质及应用.分析:由x的范围可以得出x﹣1的范围,进一步得到的范围,即得出该函数的值域.解答:解:x∈[2,6];∴x﹣1∈[1,5];∴;∴该函数的值域为.故答案为:[ ].点评:考查函数值域的概念,根据不等式的性质求函数值域的方法,反比例函数的单调性14. 与终边相同的最大负角是_______________。

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南通市启秀中学2017-2018学年度第一学期期末英语考试试卷满分:150分考试时间:120分钟I卷(90分)二、选择题(每小题1分,共15分)21. There is “o”, “u”and “r” in the word“our”.A. a, a, anB. an, an, anC. an, an, aD. an, a, an22. The hair clip $35, but she has only $20 to .A. spends, spendB. takes, spendC. costs, spendD. costs, pay23. There some milk and eggs on the tableA. is notB. aren’tC. isD. are24. My family always a party the evening of 31st OctoberA. have; inB. has; in C has; on D. have; on25. the students will go to Nanshan Park for the picnic.A. Two hundreds B Two hundreds of C. Two hundred of D. Two hundred26. Look! The young girl is dressing up an old woman a black coat.A. as, inB. as ofC. in, as D in, of27. I would like tea nothing in it.A. hasB. haveC. withoutD. with28. a bright boy he is! = bright the boy is!A. How, WhatB. What, HowC. How, WhichD. Who, How29. Eating too many candies not good for your health.A. isB. areC. haveD. has30. The bookshop is in Street. He often goes there to buy books.A. fifthB. the fifthC. FifthD. the Fifth31. The activity is . And we send to the children in poor areas.A. enough meaningful; enough food B enough meaningful; food enoughC. meaningful enough; enough foodD. meaningful enough; food enough32. --- is it from your school to the library? --- It's about ten minutes' walk.A. How long B How much C How soon D. How far33 ---Is there in today's newspaper? --- No.A. something interesting B interesting something C. anything interesting D. interesting anything34. I like wearing the clothes silk. They feel smooth.A. are made of B are made from C. made of D. made from35. ---Happy New Year! --- .A. Thank you.B. The same to you.C. That’s all right. D Not at all.二、完形填空(每小题1分,共15分)In China, the Spring Festival is the most important of all the holidays in the year. Two important things 36 to make this holiday different from all the others: giving presents and spending it 37 the family. Many weeks 38 the Spring Festival, we know it is coming. In the 39 goods for this special holiday appear and outside them are the special New Year decorations. The advertisements 40 all the newspapers tell us that there are "Only five ne 41 shopping days to Spring Festival". 42 you go, you will realize that Spring Festival, which comes "only 43 a year", is coming again. Giving 44 to one's family is a very sweet custom. The spirit behind the present matters most, not the present 45 . It is good at Spring Festival to 46 to the hometown and meet parents, grandparents and as many aunts, uncles and cousins as possible.In the past, 47 New Years Eve, all the members of a family 48 stay at home making dumplingstogether. 49 many people enjoy watching TV. During the day, children wear their new clothes. The evening is usually spent in games, talking, more eating and 5036. A. help B. want C. get D hope37. A. in B. on C. at D. with38. A. after B before C during D. at39 A. towns B. schools C. shops D. restaurants40. A. on B. in C. from D. above41. A. other B fewer C. another D. more42. A. Where B. Wherever C. Whatever D How43. A. a time B. twice C one D. once44. A. money B. presents C. wishes D. cards45. A. itself B. themselves C. by itself D. either46. A. go B. come C. return D. turn47. A. in B. at C. on D by48. A. would B. might C. could D. have to49. A Now B. But C. And D. So50. A. sleeping B. playing C. running D .drinking四、阅读理解(每小题2分,共40分)A. In a magazine. B In a book. C In a guide-book. D. On a website.52. Li Hong thinks many students like to bring the high-tech things to school because .A. they like to listen to musicB. mobile phones are useful for their studiesC. they want to show off these thingsD. they want to contact with their classmates53. From the passage we know thatA. Li Hong has many high-tech things like her classmatesB. American students often use their own money to buy the high-tech thingsC. Chinese students work during the holidays to buy the high-tech thingsD. all the high-tech things are useful for the studentsBHenry finds a job on a farm. He is the strongest and youngest. He eats more, sleeps more, but works less. He doesn’t like to use his head, so he knows little. He has to do some unskilled work. He always says he is tired and hopes to have a good rest. So he gets less money than othersWinter is coming. The workers are getting ready for the next year. Only Henry does nothing. The farmer tells him to cut down some trees in the forest. The young man has to go there with a chair. He feels lonely in the forest and is afraid of the animals. So he looks around and sings loudly. Nobody knows what he’s singing.After three days, Henry doesn’t cut down any trees. The farmer feels strang e. He wants to find out how the young man is working there. To his anger, Henry is sitting on the chair, cutting the tree.Why are you sitting here to cut the trees?" asks the farmer.“Because I can't work, if lying, sir!”54. Henry gets less money becauseA. he sleeps moreB. he does some unskilled workC. he isn't polite to farmerD. he eats more55. Henry has to cut down the trees becauseA. he can do nothing except (除……以外) itB. he likes to stay in the quiet forestC. he can't get on well with othersD. he is very strong56. Henry hopes to .A. make the farmer happyB. get helpC. lie down in the forestD. cut down more treesCAlmost everyone likes to eat apples. Apples trees grow in nearly every part of the world. The United States produces more apples than any other country except France. The states of Washington and New York grow the most apples.Apples are red, yellow or green. They are very popular in the United States. Many people like to carry apples to work or to school to eat with their lunches. Most American people are often too busy or too tired to cook dinner, so they often have their dinners very simply(简单地). Apple juice is also a popular drink and apple pie is the favorite dessert for many Americans.The state of Washington is proud of its apples. The trees there produce about five billion apples every year---nearly one apple for every man, woman and child in the whole world57. produces the most apples in the worldA. The United States B Canada C. China D. France58. Many Americans like to eat apples during lunch because they at noon.A. eat nothing but applesB. feel it better to eat applesC always eat simple food D. can get apples easily59. “The trees there produce about five billion apples every year.” One billion isA.100,000B.1000,000C.10,000,000D.1,000,000,00060. The state of Washington is proud of its apples because they thinkA. everyone in the world can share their happinessB. they can produce as many apples as people all over the worldC. their apples are better than any of the other fruitsD. their apple trees are the best in the worldDAustralia is the greatest island in the world. It is to the south of the equator. So when it is summer in our country, it is cold winter in Australia.Australia is big, but the population (人口) there is thin. The population is the same as that of Shanghai, a city of China. Australia is a young and diverse nation and Australian people come from many different countries.Australia has many, many sheep. After a short drive from town, you will see sheep around you. You can also find kangaroo has a "bag" below its chest. The mother kangaroo keeps its baby in the “bag”.Australia is considered to be a relaxed, informal society (社会). When greeting others, students and young people say “Hello”or “Hi”. Sometimes they will say“How’s it going?”or “G day". In more formal(正式的) situations they usually shake hands the first time they meet.“Good morning”,“Good afternoon" or "Pleased tomeet you" are formal greetings. English is Australia's national language.61. Australia is the greatest island in the world. The word "island" may mean .A.国家B.城市C.山脉D.岛屿62. Australia has the same population as .A Shanghai B. China C. Beijing D. Japan63. When it is summer in Australia, it is in chinaA. springB. autumnC. winterD. summer64. When Australian people meet for the first time, they willA. kiss each other B hug each other C nod head to others D shake hands65. Which statement is right, according to the passage?A. Australia has a large population.B. Kangaroo is a kind of sheep in Australia.C. Young people always say "How's it going " or "G day" to greet othersD. When you drive in Australia, you can see many horsesEThe following are four kinds of medicine at home. We should know how to use them. Never make any mistakes.(1) Take the medicine with water. One pill(片) every eight hours. For further nighttime and every morning, take two pills at bed time. Don' t take more than six pills in 24 hours. For children six or twelve years old, give half the adult dosage(剂量). For children under six years old, go to ask your doctor. Take less dosage if restlessness or sleeplessness happens.(2) Each pill of the medicine is taken three times each day for persons more than 14 years old. As usual, a pill 6: 00 a.m. before breakfast, one before 11: 00 and one before sleep. Not for children under six years old and old persons with heart trouble.(3)The medicine is for a person with a cough. Once two pills a day before sleep for adult. Not take the medicine without cough. Half for children under 12 years old Children with a bad cough, go to see a doctor.(4)The medicine is taken three times a day. Once five pills for an adult with a cold. Half the pills for children under 10 years old. Take the medicine before breakfast, lunch and sleep.66. If a person can't rest and sleep very well after taking the first kind of medicine, he shouldA take less dosageB take more dosage C. take two pills at bed time D. take it again without water67. If a middle-aged person with a cough wants to be well at home, he'd better .A. take three pills before sleepB. stop to take some more pillsC. go to see the doctor aD. take two pills of the third kind of medicine before sleep68. can't take the second kind of medicine.A Children over 12 years oldB Some adults 18 years oldC. Some old persons with heart trouble D Child over 7 years old69. When an adult has a cold, he had betterA. have about over 14 pills of the fourth kind of medicine a dayB. have six pills of the fourth kind of medicine twice a dayC. have five pills of the fourth kind of medicine four times a dayD. have nine pills a day70. Which of the following is TRUE?A. None of them are good for children under 6.B. Three kinds of the medicine should be taken 3 times a day.C. Three kinds of the medicine should be taken before sleepD. None is for a coldⅡ卷(60分)五、词汇(每小题1分,共15分A请根据括号中的中文提示、英文释义或句意,写出所缺单词,使句子通顺。

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