紧缺金属矿产资源高效开发利用重大综合关键技术及装备的研究

• The rest composition in dust is iron
• Containing nickel and chromium in EF dust
18
Zinc recycling
Technology for dust treatment:
• Zinc<1% dust: Return to pelletizing and sintering • Zinc<5% dust: Magnetic and gravity flotation • Zinc>5% dust: Walez process RHF process
－ 12% copper scrap went into concentrate smelter
－ 50% went into special copper scrap recycling plant
12
Copper scrap recycling
Reverberator furnace:
• Flexible for material, from 30-90% copper grade • Scale: 50-350t/d • Low capital cost • High energy consumption • High operation cost • Directly produce copper rod or cathode copper
21
Zinc recycling
RHF process:
• BGRIMM – Xuzhou Institute is developing RHF process to treat nickel laterite and zinc dust from steel plant • Nickel laterite and zinc dust mixed together
RHF flowsheet
23
Zinc recycling
The test result indicated:
• Zn/Pb/In/Ag went to gas collected as zinc dust • Recovery: Zn>90%, Pb>85%, In>80%, Ag>95% • Ni/Fe/Cr went to metallic phase as ferronickel • RHF slag could go to EF to produce ferronickel
M2R2
Metal Recycling Technology From Secondary And Waste Materials
Wang Haibei
BGRIMM – Xuzhou Institute
April 2012
1
M2R2
Contents
1. Introduction 2. About BGRIMM – Xuzhou Institute 3. Copper 4. Zinc 5. Nickel and Cobalt 6. Precious Metals
capital and operation cost
Compared with production from mine: Capital cost: 20-30% Operation cost: 15-40% Environmental pollution:
Pb 9%, Al 50%, Cu 42%
• Copper grade: >99.93%, impurities<50ppm
• Conductivity: 100.4-100.9% IACS
15
Copper scrap recycling
Other processes:
• Kaldo process • ISA/AUSMELT process
－ In China the ratio of Cu, Al, Pb, Zn is only 30%, 32%, 34%
and 2.8%
3
Introduction
Resource
HOW TO
Energy
Environment
4
Introduction
Economy development Raw materials Population increase
• Iron and part of carbon still in the slag and can be
recoveried by flotation.
20
Zinc recycling
• Temperature: 1200-1250C • Time: 2.0h • Zinc recovery rate >90%, zinc in slag less than 1%
prodction from mine, energy consumption with recycling is
only 18% for copper, 28% for lead, 38% for zinc, 11%.
6
Introduction
Metal recycling can: － Low environmental pollution, low
7
About BGRIMM-Xuzhou Institute
－ Founded in 1978 － State own company and sub-institute of BGRIMM
－ Specialty for non-ferrous metal recycling
－ Focus on research, engineering, rare and precious metal production, hydrometallurgy and environmental equipment ment manufacture
8
About BGRIMM-Xuzhou Institute
－ Pretreatment technology － Smelting and leaching technology
－ Extraction technology such as SX, ion exchange
－ Purified production
copper
14
Copper scrap recycling
FRHC process:
• Introduced from La Farga Lacambra in Spain • Treatment: >92% copper grade • Production: copper rod
• High efficiency
－ The output of secondwenku.baidu.comry copper is about 30% of the total
production of electrowinning copper in China
－ 38% copper scrap directly made copper prodution
• Zinc ash: Zn 55-60%, Pb 8-10%, In 0.05%, Fe <2.5%,
C<1%, Ag>600g/t
• Iron concentrate: Fe>65%, iron recovery 70%
• Carbon>70%, return to rotary kiln for reduction
Development:
• Low grade copper scrap treatment technology • Direct electrolysis for copper scrap • Rare and precious metal recovery
16
Zinc recycling
• More than 60% zinc is used in steel industry • Zinc reclycing mainly from steel plant dust • Now the output of secondary zinc in China is only 120kt,
13
Copper scrap recycling
Blasting furnace:
• Treatment: low grade copper scrap • Low capital cost • Rare and precious metal recovery • High energy consumption • Need fire refining and electrolysis to produce cathode
Life products
Spent products
Metal recycling
5
Introduction
Metal recycling can: － Reduce mine exploitation and keep the balance of supply
and consumption
The output by metal recycling is willing to 15 million tons in 2015. The proportion of recycling Cu, Al, Pb will reach 40%, 30% and 40%. － Reduce energy consumption distinctly. Compared with
• The productions are zinc oxide and ferronickel
• Most metals become useful in the process
22
Zinc recycling
Zinc dust and nickel laterite Agglomeration RHF Gas Dust collection Zinc oxide slag Go to EF or flotation to produce ferronickel
19
Zinc recycling
Walez process:
• Zinc dust: Zn 5-30%, Fe 20-40%, Pb 1%, In 0.0054%, C 10-35%, S 0.5-1%, Cl 0.1-2.5% • Zn, Pb, In, In and Ag are reducted and go to rotary kiln ash
9
About BGRIMM-Xuzhou Institute
Main production
10
About BGRIMM-Xuzhou Institute
Specialty for hydrometallurgy
and environmental equipment
11
Copper scrap recycling
2
M2R2
Introduction
－ China is the biggest metal output and consumption country; － The output of non-ferrous metal is about 34.2 million tons in
2011;
－ But the ratio of metal recycling is much lower than the developed countries such as USA, Japan and Europe － The ratio of main non-ferrous metal recycling is more than 60%, even 98% in the developed countries
accounting for 2.8% of total production
• The final production is zinc ingot
17
Zinc recycling
Zinc dust in steel plant:
• Blast furnace dust, 0.1-3.0% Zn • Converting furnace dust, 0.1-3.5% Zn • Converting furnace OG mud, 0.5-3.5% Zn • Electrical furnace dust, 1-30%