高一英语定语从句关系副词关系代词转化和练习有答案

关系副词/关系代词：一、关系副词的分类及其用法When 时间Where 地点Why 原因（三者对应的先行词都是表示时间、地点、原因的名词，主要有the day, the place, the reason 等）关系副词在定语从句中充当状语，而关系代词在定语从句中充当主语，宾语，表语或定语（whose）关系副词和介词+关系代词之间的转换。

When = on/ in whichWhere = in/ at/ under whichWhy= for which注意：先行词是表示时间、地点、原因的名词时，关系词不一定要选关系代词，有可能是关系副词，具体要先判断从句缺什么成分。

（如果不缺主语，宾语，表语，基本可以判定缺状语，这时才会选用关系副词）I ' ll never forget the dayw hen/on which I lived on the farm.I ' ll never forget the dayth at/which I spent on the farm.This is the factory where/in which he used to work.This is the factory t hat/which I visited last year.The reason why/for which he was late is that he missed the bus.( the reason why ⋯is that) The reason that/which he gave me is not very convincing.关系副词where 对应的先行词有时并不是表示具体地点( the place)的名词，而是抽象名词，这些主要有：situation, point, stage, case, condition, scene, occasion, circumstance 等I have come to the point where/at which I can ' t stand him.He' s got into thes ituation where/in which he is in debt.引入：when= on/in which where= on/in/under which why= for whichWhose+n = of which the + n.“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which 或whom ，且不能省略。

在限制性定语从句中，若介词不提前，位于定语从句的末尾时，引导that/which/who/whom 作介词的宾语时可以省略。

This is the boy (who/whom/that) his parents are proud of. 这就是父母引以为豪的那个男孩。

This is the pen (which/that) I wrote my homework with. 这就是我写作业用的那支钢笔。

介词的选择：1.看从句中动词、形容词的固定搭配Do you know the girl with/to whom the teacher talked just now? 你认识刚才和老师谈话的那个女孩吗？(talk 作“交谈”讲时，常与with 或to 搭配)2.看句意The pen with which I write is very expensive.The air without which we can ' t live is very important.3.看先行词The degree to which people get involved in societies varies a great deal. 人们参与社会的程度各有不同.一、“介词+关系代词”用法( II )1.动词短语中的介词一般不能提前。

常见的这类动词短语有: lookfor/after/forward to 、care for 、take care of 、hear of/about/from, 等.The girl whom he is looking after is his sister.2.“表示全部或部分的词语+ of which/whom ”结构引导的定语从句。

常见的表示数、分数）；the + 形容词最高级/比较级。

（重点！！！）John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of whom are family members.约翰邀请了大约40 人参加他的婚礼，其中大部分是家族成员。

［重庆］There are 80 students in my class, 60% of whom are boys.China has thousands of mountains, the highest of which is Mount Everest.3.介“词短语+ 关系代词which ”结构引导的定语从句中作地点状语时，从句常用倒装语序。

He is studying in the classroom now, in front of which stand two trees. 他现在正在那间教室里学习，教室前面有两棵树。

4.介“词+which+ 名词”结构引导的定语从句。

常见的这类结构有：during which time 在此期间at which time 在这时at which point 在这一时刻for which reason 由于这个原因in which case 在这一情况下Mother is preparing lunch, during which time children are playing outside. 妈妈在准备午餐，在此期间，孩子们在外面玩。

He may win the competition, in which case he is likely to get into the national team. 他可能会赢得这场比赛，那样的话，他就有可能进入国家队。

［辽宁］“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句【考点归纳】考点一使用“介词+which/whom” 引导的定语从句的注意事项要掌握“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,我们要注意以下三点:1）关系代词的选用在介词后做宾语的关系代词只有which 和whom 。

如先行词是物,引导词用which; 如先行词是人,则引导词用whom 。

如:2)I ' ll never forget the day (that/which) I spent with you on the island. 我永远忘不了和你在岛上度过的那一天。

(做spent 的宾语)3)I often think of the holiday when I stayed with my uncle. 我常常想起和叔叔在一起的那个假期。

(做状语) 【随堂练习】用适当的“介词+关系代词”填空(1)Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings crytears,none has been proved.(2)By analysing the numbers,it found the average mother works 119hours a week,40 would usually be paid at a standard rate and 79hours as overtime.(3)He wrote many children ' s books,nearly half werepublished in the 1990s.(4)The gentleman you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.(5)The retired workers were invited to the company,surprise,changes hadbeenso great over the years.6)There are two buildings,the largerstands nearly a hundred feet high.7)We shouldn ' t spend our money testing so many people,most are healthy. 8)The clever boy made a hole in the wall, he could see what was going on insidethe house.9)There are more than 50 students in each class,half are girls.10)Villagers here depend onrk. the fishing industry, there wouldn ' t be much wo单句改错11)This is the factory in which we visited last week.12)The person to who you spoke is a student of Grade Two.13)The house in that we live is very small.14)The reason in which he doesn ' t go to school is that he is ill.15) I have two sisters,both of them are doctors.基础题1. Do you know the man___ just now?A. to who I noddedB.I nodded to2. The man ___has gone to Japan.A. whom I told youB. that I told youC. whom I told you about himD.I told you about3. __________________ This is the museum we saw an exhibition the other day.4. This museum is ___you visited the other day.5. This is the museum ___you saw the other day.6.It was in 1969___the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon.11.The last river ___they crossed is two miles wide.A.B. C. that D. in which C. whom I noddedD. Whom I nodded to him.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. in thatA. thatB. whichC. whereD. the oneA. thatB. whereC. in whichD. in thatA. thatB. whichC. i n whichD. when7.We often think of the days ___we spent together onthe island.A. whenB. whichC. in which 8.He has leftBeijing ,___a meeting is to be held.A. whenB. whereC. as 9.This is the very place ___I' m wishing to live in.A. whereB. whichC. thatD. during whichD. which D. in which D. which提优训练：1. There are species living in the depths of the oceans we still know little.A. for whichB. in whichC. of whatD. of which2.I ' ve read many stories of Lei Feng , __ _ this is the most touching one.A. whoB. of whichC. of whomD. that 3.Today ' s English learners have a wide choice of dictionaries ___________________________________ to choose.A.from whichB. in whichC. for whichD. of which4. __________________________________ A good advertisement often uses words people attach positive meanings ．A ．thatB ． whichC ．with whichD ． to which5. The position, however, you are applying, is not quite a well-paid one.A. thatB. for whichC. whichD. to which6. Trading leather handbags is the business the Greens have been devoted over the pastdecade.A. whatB. whereC. in whichD. to which7. In our city there are several big public parks m any people can go to enjoy the beautifulscenery.A ．where ；toB ． that ； atC ． which ； aboutD ．in which ；on10. The English play _ my students acted at the New Year ' s party was A for which B at which C in which D on which11. China has 56 nationalities, each of has its own characteristics, forming the various andcolorful Chinese culture.A. in whichB. at whichC. from which 8. Mr. David has been to Many cities in China, __________________________________________ Xi A. of which B. in which C. with which 9. I feel uncomfortable each time I remember the situationD. to which' an has impressedD. on whichmy brother didnmost. t agree wi a great success.A. themB. whatC. thatD. which12. Following the guide , we went into a house , wall hung a picture of Einstein.A. on itsB. on thatC. on whoseD. on which。