长春吉大附中实验学校高中部

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吉林最好的高中排名,吉林重点高中排名完整篇.doc

2018年吉林最好的高中排名,吉林重点高中排名2018年吉林最好的高中排名,吉林重点高中排名吉林近10年状元最多的高中排名在2018年吉林最好高中排名中，东北师范大学附属中学位居排行榜榜首，延边一中、吉林一中紧随其后，全部吉林高中排名数据如下：名次中学名称全国排名所在城市城市排名状元人数1东北师范大学附属中学12长春182延边一中17延边173吉林一中25吉林154吉林大学附属中学39长春245吉林油田高中50松原136白城一中152白城116北京师范大学宁江附属中学152松原216长春市朝鲜族中学152长春316珲春二中152延边216吉林大学附属中学实验学校152长春316吉林市朝鲜族中学152吉林216松原市实验高中152松原216通钢一中152通化11吉林最好高中推荐：东北师范大学附属中学东北师范大学附属中学创建于1950年，是教育部直属的著名中学之一。

学校现有自由、青华、明珠、净月、北京朝阳、新城六个校区，涵盖幼儿园、小学、初中、高中、国际部、艺术部等多个学部。

总占地面积37万平方米。

有一线教职工1024人，在校学生15000余名。

首任校长为我国著名教育家陈元晖先生。

创建时间学校类型隶属单位1950年公立中学东北师范大学吉林最好高中推荐：吉林大学附属中学吉林大学附属中学创建于1989年，是吉林大学的重要组成部分，深受吉林大学民主治校、科学治校、从严治校传统精神的影响，学校发展日益壮大。

吉大附中目前初中部有在校学生约8000人，高中部于今年首次招生。

学校坚持正确的办学方向，坚持改革创新，坚持师生双向成才，创造民主、活跃的校园文化和百花齐放的学术氛围，在办学机制和管理机制、课程设置和评价体系以及教育技术现代化等方面大胆改革实验，形成了吉大附属中学特色的育人模式，在培养健康的个性，活跃的思维，创新精神和实践能力等方面积累了宝贵的办学经验，为上级学校输送了大批优秀人才。

学校名称所在地区学校类型吉林大学附属中学吉林省示范中学2018年吉林最好的高中排名,吉林重点高中排名2018年吉林最好的高中排名,吉林重点高中排名吉林近10年状元最多的高中排名在2018年吉林最好高中排名中，东北师范大学附属中学位居排行榜榜首，延边一中、吉林一中紧随其后，全部吉林高中排名数据如下：名次中学名称全国排名所在城市城市排名状元人数1东北师范大学附属中学12长春182延边一中17延边173吉林一中25吉林154吉林大学附属中学39长春245吉林油田高中50松原136白城一中152白城116北京师范大学宁江附属中学152松原216长春市朝鲜族中学152长春316珲春二中152延边216吉林大学附属中学实验学校152长春316吉林市朝鲜族中学152吉林216松原市实验高中152松原216通钢一中152通化11吉林最好高中推荐：东北师范大学附属中学东北师范大学附属中学创建于1950年，是教育部直属的著名中学之一。

基于学科核心素养进行高中生物学教学——以“生态系统的物质循环”教学设计为例

课程篇学科核心素养是核心素养在特定学科（或学习领域）的具体化，是学生学习一门学科（或特定学习领域）之后所形成的，是学科育人价值的集中体现。

具体到生物学科，生物学核心素养是学生在生物学课程学习过程中逐渐发展起来的，在解决真实情境中的实际问题时所表现出来的必备品格和关键能力。

在教育部专家讨论稿中拟定生物学核心素养为生命观念、理性思维、科学探究和社会责任4个关键表现，或者理解为对生命的理解和尊重、理性思考与论证、对科技的认知与实践和对社会的责任与担当（生物学传播与实践）。

课堂是教育教学的主阵地，如何将核心素养的4个关键表现的培养转化为具体的可操作的教学手段？如何基于核心素养培养开展有效教学？这是每一位教师都需要探索的问题。

本文以人教版高中生物教材必修三“生态系统的物质循环”的教学设计为例，分析如何基于生物学核心素养进行高中生物学教学。

一、教材分析最新下发的新课程标准的征求意见稿中，要求学生分析出生态系统中的物质在生物群落与无机环境中的循环过程，举例说明利用物质循环规律，人们能够更加科学地规划和有效利用生态系统中资源的途径，这都属于较高的要求水平。

从高考层面来看，物质循环作为生态系统的三大功能之一，是历年大题的考查重点。

从学生层面来看，本节课教材内容看似简单，与实际生活联系紧密，却在碳循环的考查上灵动多变，很容易“一听就懂，一做就错”，是学生学习的难点。

因此，这样一堂“向上有深度，落地有实践”的课程，只要教师深入挖掘，就是培养生物学核心素养的优秀一课。

二、教学目标（一）知识目标简述物质循环的概念，分析物质循环过程。

（二）能力目标制作出物质循环概念图。

（三）情感态度与价值观目标关注温室效应，养成环保意识与行为。

三、教学过程（一）情景导入用学生耳熟能详的《春泥》这首歌导入新课，优美的旋律中，通过歌词：“漫天纷飞的花语开在春的泥土里滋养了大地开出下一个花季”引入龚自珍的《己亥杂诗》“落红不是无情物，化作春泥更护花”，引出“落红—春泥—花”之间的物质循环。

吉林省长春市朝阳区长春吉大附中实验学校2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题

吉林省长春市朝阳区长春吉大附中实验学校2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解Every year, young, talented, and ambitious nature conservationists from all over the world shoot their shot for the Future For Nature(FFN)Award, an honorable international award.The Future For Nature aims to•Reward and fund individuals for their outstanding efforts in the protection of species of wild animals and plants.•Stimulate award winners to keep up their dedicated work.•Help winners to raise their profile, extend their professional network and strengthen their funding basis.Benefits•The winners each receive 50,000 euros and may make their own decision to spend the money in the service of nature conservation.•FFN offers the winners a platform and brings their stories to the attention of conservationists, financiers and a wide audience, allowing them to increase their impact and gain more access to funds.•FFN is building a growing family of winners, dedicated people who form a community of people with the same interest. FFN offers them the opportunity to meet each other and continue to learn with each other in order to continue their fight for nature as efficiently and effectively as possible.QualificationsThe candidate•Must be born on or after the 31st May 1988 and before the 31st May 2005.•Is able to explain his/her conservation work in fluent English(written and spoken).•Has achieved substantial and long-term benefits to the conservation status of one or more animal or plant species.•Must be determined to continue his/her conservation work, as the award aims to stimulate the winner’s future work. It is not an “end of career” prize.Additional RemarksFor the 2024 Future For Nature Award, we are again searching for natural leaders, who have proven that they can make a difference in species’ survival.From all applications, 6 to 10 nominees(被提名者)will be selected. These applicants will be asked to provide additional information, which will be used to select the final awardees. Ultimately, three inspiring wildlife heroes are selected as the winners.Application Process: Apply online—click Apply Now link.Application Deadline: May 1st, 2024.1．Which is one of the aims of the Future For Nature?A．To fund more green groups.B．To inspire future conservation efforts.C．To increase environmental awareness.D．To advocate further academic education. 2．Which candidate is qualified for the 2024 Future For Nature Award?A．A male is 16 year old now.B．A female who has financed many families.C．A male who has fluency in written English only.D．A female who is committed to continuing her conservation work.3．Where does this text probably come from?A．A magazine.B．A brochure.C．A guidebook.D．A website.Two years ago, my 11-year-old son sat me down for a talk. “Mom, it’s time.” he said. “Hear me out: It’s time we got actual TV. And you need an iPhone.”This funny conversation two years ago marked a shift in our relationship. Perhaps for the first time, I began to really listen to my son’s opinion about our home technology. Since his reasoning was sensible and his suggestions within budget, I took his advice and was pleasantly surprised with the results.I’d known for a while that my son understands technology better than I do. On airplanes, he grabbed my phone to put it in airplane mode. He wired the speakers in our house. After something was stolen from our front yard, he picked out, set up, and now monitors our security camera. When my computer died, I took him shopping with me.As a teenager now, he has a busy social life, with skateboarding, basketball, and online gaming with his friends. I see our time together decreasing and our shared interests shrinking. That’s why I jumped at the chance when a friend mentioned writing technology reviews. I’ma writer, but I’d need a partner who has more tech knowledge than me. When I presented the idea to my teen, he immediately acceptedIt’s changed our relationship in surprising ways. Where he used to get annoyed quickly at my technical ignorance, he’s learned to be more patient and explain things to me in a way that I can convey to an unknowing audience. The parent-child dynamic is not only changed; it’s even slightly reversed — he’s leading me. I’m asking him for help and advice. My son has risen to the occasion. He’s taking it seriously, and to watch him mature in this way is an honor. As someone who’s not much of a reader, he now searches instruction book. Without any prompting, he’s even emailed and called, yes, made an actual phone call to customer service or tech support when sample products weren’t working as expected.I never imagined being a tech reviewer, but it’s proved to be a valuable way to learn from, work with and enjoy time with my teen.4．What did the writer think of her son’s advice?A．It was unaffordable.B．It was beyond reach.C．It sounded reasonable.D．It sounded surprising.5．What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 3?A．Prove her son’s better mastery of technology.B．Describe their close parent-child relationship.C．Give examples of her son’s interest in airplanes.D．Express her satisfaction of her son’s timely help.6．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “reversed” in Paragraph 5?A．Unrealistic.B．Opposite.C．Negative.D．Common. 7．What makes the writer feel honored?A．Her son’s patience with their relationship.B．Her son’s attitudes to some unknown audiences.C．Her son’s growth and serious attitude to the work.D．Her son’s desire to change the parent-child dynamic.Astronauts on the International Space Station (ISS) will soon test a new oven for making chocolate chip cookies. A spaceship carrying the cooking equipment and other supplies was launched on Saturday from the Wallops Flight Facility in the United States. The shipment, weighing 3,700 kilograms, reached the space station on Monday. The goal is to explore thepossibility of making freshly baked cookies for space travelers.American company Nanoracks designed and built the oven and helped with organizing the flight to the space station. Hilton Double Tree hotels supplied the cookie dough (生面团) the astronauts will use.In the past, space station crews have created their own pizzas using a thin, fiat piece of bread known as flatbread. Astronauts have tried other creative ways to make food, such as creating salads from vegetables grown in the space station. Results have been mixed.The cookie baking will be a slow process. The oven can heat just one cookie at a time. The test could take weeks before the astronauts have chance to try out freshly baked cookies.Five unbaked cookies have been in a space station freezer for several weeks. Each is in its own individual clear bag made out of silicone. The oven can heat foods to temperatures as high as 177°C．That is twice the temperature of the U.S. and Russian food warmers on the space station. The oven uses electric heating elements.Mary Murphy is with Nanoracks. Murphy says she expects a baking time of 15 to 20 minutes for each cookie when the oven is heated to about 163°C．She adds that the smell of baking cookies should fill the space station each time a cookie comes out of the oven.The oven’s first use will be the real test. Without the force of gravity, the astronauts do not know exactly how the cookie will look. Three of the space-baked cookies are to be returned to Earth for testing.8．Why were the cooking equipment and other supplies sent to ISS?A．To promote the products from Hilton Double Tree hotels.B．To find possible ways to make freshly baked cookies there.C．To test the equipment’s cooking efficiency for of baking cookies.D．To discover the potential of making bread by using a special dough.9．What can we learn from the foods astronauts ate previously on ISS?A．They must be heated to over 177℃.B．They were no different from those on the earth.C．All the foods were brought with them from the earth.D．Not all the planting experiments on ISS were successful.10．Which of the following can best describe the new oven test?A．Environmental-friendly.B．Energy-efficient.C．Far-reaching.D．Time-consuming.11．What’s the main idea of the passage?A．A newly-invented cooker is widely used on ISS.B．A new oven is to be tested to make cookies on ISS.C．Dessert-lovers will soon enjoy cookies coming from ISS.D．Astronauts have found creative ways to make food on ISS.Much like the popular TikTok challenge where kids resist eating snacks, cuttlefish can do the same! Cuttlefish can delay gratification(满足)—wait for a better meal rather than be tempted by the one at hand—and those that can wait longest also do better in a learning test, scientists have discovered.This fascinating report marks the first time a link between self-control and intelligence has been found in an animal other than humans and chimpanzees. It is published this week in Proceedings of the Royal Society B．The research was conducted by lead author Alexandra Schnell of University of Cambridge, at the Marine Biological Laboratory(MBL), Woods Hole.“We used a slightly-changed version of the Stanford marshmallow(棉花糖) test in the 1970s, where children were given a choice of taking an immediate reward(1 marshmallow) or waiting to earn a delayed but better reward(2 marshmallows),” Schnell says. “Cuttlefish in the present study were all able to wait for the better reward and tolerated delays for up to 50—130 seconds, which is even comparable to what we see in large-brained vertebrates(脊椎动物) such as chimpanzees(黑猩猩), crows, and parrots.” Cuttlefish that could wait longer for a meal also showed better cognitive(认知的) performance in a learning task. In that experiment, cuttlefish were trained to associate a visual cue with a food reward. Then, the situation was the other way round, so the reward became associated with a different cue. “The cuttlefish that were quickest at learning both of those associations were better at keeping self-control.” Schnell says.Why cuttlefish have evolved this capacity for self-control is a bit mysterious. Delayed gratification in humans is thought to strengthen social bonds between individuals—such as waiting to eat so a partner can eat first—which benefits the species as a whole. But whether it may also be a function of most animals still remains to be further explored.12．How does the author lead to the topic?A．By giving an example.B．By explaining a definition.C．By quoting a famous saying.D．By introducing a research result. 13．What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 3?A．The procedures and result of the experiment.B．The amazing evolution of cuttlefish’s brain ability.C．The background and the researchers in the experiment.D．The comparison between the brains of human and cuttlefish.14．What can we know about the experiment?A．Cuttlefish’s delayed gratification is linked to better cognitive performance.B．The researchers later adapted the experiment for a Stanford marshmallow test.C．Previous link between self-control and intelligence has been found in animals.D．Four sea species have been so far confirmed with the ability to delay gratification. 15．Which might be the best title of this passage?A．Cuttlefish: The Impatient Waiter and Quick HunterB．A Test Challenging Kids: To Eat Now or To Eat Not?C．Large-brained Vertebrates: Better Self Control Leads to More RewardsD．Delayed Gratification: Quick-Learning Cuttlefish Pass “The Marshmallow Test”How to Stop Failing in Keeping Y our New Year’s Resolution(决心) We have an embarrassing confession: Our New Year’s resolutions for 2024 are nearly identical to those we made for 2023. 16 We would exercise more, use social media less, rise earlier, eat healthier, write more, learn to meditate(冥想)…But a few weeks in, as January’s cold changed into the warmer days of February, we seemed to have largely failed. 17 Our warm beds held us tighter when the alarm went off for our morning jogs. And, well, meditation never had a hope.Will we suffer the same failure this year? Absolutely not. But how this time?18Look over your notes and determine what items on it are most important to you. Don’t take too long choosing; often it’s the things that come to you straight away that have the most meaning for you personally.Create “systems”.Systems are the ways that you carry out a larger goal. You need to break down large goals into smaller actions that can are easier to carry out. 19 you may get confusedand thus change your mind frequently on the ways to accomplish them. This is the purpose of creating systems.Ask for others’ support on these goals throughout the year.If possible, team up and visit the gym or shop at the health food store together. Ask them to speak up if you slip and order a Diet Coke instead of a water, 20 People who tell others about their goals are more likely to accomplish them, maybe it’s because they have extra support they need, or because they’re afraid of being embarrassed if they don’t accomplish them.A．A year ago, we started strong.B．or forget another goal on your list.C．If you make your larger goals too vague,D．Note down what you have done each day.E．Choose one or two attainable larger goals.F．We scrolled the screen late into the evening.G．if you leave out an important goal on the list for no reason,二、完形填空Animal rescue workers often come up with various ways to get their dogs noticed by potential adopters. Happily Forever After Rescue is no different. Their recent idea is so“Van Gogh was so excited. He was dressed up and waited patiently for his guests to arrive, but only two people 32 ,” the rescue said. “Van Gogh put many hours and a lot of33 into creating such beautiful art and we worked so hard to make this a special event”34 after Van Gogh’s sad story was shared online, thousands of people lined up to purchase his paintings, and he sold all 30 of his artworks for about $40 each. All the earnings will 35 the shelter and the other dogs that come after him. Most importantly, people are finally sending in adoption applications for this very special boy! 21．A．clear B．strange C．simple D．creative 22．A．playing B．wandering C．hiding D．drawing 23．A．used B．blamed C．arrested D．supported 24．A．kept B．covered C．adjusted D．removed 25．A．promised B．earned C．offered D．awarded 26．A．gallery B．station C．stage D．shelter 27．A．handed in B．took over C．paid off D．focused on 28．A．produced B．delivered C．spread D．smelled 29．A．digital B．abstract C．literary D．local 30．A．applications B．adventures C．masterpieces D．surveys 31．A．ready B．happy C．necessary D．sorry 32．A．tried B．proved C．laughed D．appeared 33．A．trust B．money C．effort D．pressure 34．A．Fortunately B．Frankly C．Sadly D．Suddenly 35．A．strike B．benefit C．satisfy D．disturb三、语法填空阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

2023届吉林省长春吉大附中实验学校高三上学期第四次模拟考试英语试题(含答案解析)

2023届吉林省长春吉大附中实验学校高三上学期第四次模拟考试英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解HSK TEST and HSKK TEST are both the internationally standardized tests that focus on the ability of candidates whose Chinese is not their first language to use Chinese for communication in life,study and work.According to China’s Ministry of Education,any foreign students to be enrolled in Chinese university should at least hold a HSK Level4certificate.Learners who want to apply for the Confucius Institute Scholarships should take the score reports of both HSK and HSKK.All test takers taking HSK abroad are eligible(合格)to apply for the Chinese Test Summer Camp to experience Chinese culture and learn Chinese in a short period in China.HSK and HSKK scores are valid for a long time.As a proof of the Chinese language ability of foreign students entering Chinese colleges and universities,the scores are valid for two years(counting from the day of the test).HSK TESTTest levels include HSK(Level1),HSK(Level2),HSK(Level3),HSK(Level4).HSK (Level5)and HSK(Level6).Exam Object:HSK(Level4)is mainly for candidates who have learned Chinese for four semesters(two academic years)with a schedule of2-4class hours per week and mastered1, 200commonly used words.HSKK TESTHSKK Test is designed to test the ability to express oneself orally in Chinese and includes the HSKK(Elementary),HSKK(Intermediate)and HSKK(Advanced).Exam Object:HSKK(Intermediate)is mainly for candidates who have leaned Chinese for one to two academic years at a schedule of2-3class hours per week and master about900 of the most commonly used words.1．What is required for a foreigner to get into a Chinese college?A．To pass Level4of HSK.B．To score above average in HSKK. C．To speak Chinese as their mother tongue.D．To take part in Chinese Test SummerCamp.2．How many levels does HSKK Test include?A．3.B．4.C．5.D．6. 3．Where can we most probably see this article?A．In Chinese art galleries.B．On inter-city subways.C．In elementary schoolbooks.D．On overseas study websites.My hands were shaking uncontrollably.I tried incredibly hard to focus on the words that I spent hours putting down on paper.I tried to conquer my fear of speaking in public on numerous occasions throughout my life.During college and at my first few jobs,I would get ridiculously nervous when I had to give a presentation or lead a meeting.Public speaking had been my nemesis for as long as I could remember.Then in my mid-thirties,I decided to join the public speaking group Toastmasters.At every meeting,we were rated and forced to compete with other speakers for an award.You would think that I would walk away from these experiences as a polished speaker,but nothing seemed to work.It wasn’t until recently,when science and scientific institutions were being attacked for unfair reasons during the pandemic,that I decided I must speak out.Science has made this country a place where dreams come true—this is why we all need to protect science.In addition,as a science writer,I try to get readers to understand how science is related to their daily lives.So I ended up on that frightening stage on that sunny Saturday in April—Earth Day. Despite the body shakes and fear,I persevered.That day,I looked out into the crowd oflike-minded science supporters and I felt comfort.Reaching that milestone goal of getting through a speech truly changed me.At almost forty,I learned that passion can set off a flame in my heart to do things I never dreamed possible.The darkness that led to my speech is sure to lead to new opportunities and adventures.4．Which of the following can replace the underlined word“nemesis”in Para.1? A．Strength.B．Confusion C．Preference.D．Struggles. 5．What happened to the author when leaving Toastmasters?A．Things got worse for him.B．Nervousness remained with him.C．He became a polished writer.D．He began to feel more competitive. 6．What made the author want to speak out on Earth Day?A．He must rise up to defend science.B．It was a good chance to learn science.C．It was a project organized by Toastmasters.D．He couldn’t have people attacking his fellow scientists.7．What lesson did the author draw from his successful speech?A．Frustration can be a stepping stone to success.B．Love motivates us to achieve the unachievable.C．Science can lead us to make wonderful changes.D．Any difficulty can be overcome with great effort.TikTok has appeared as a major starter of food trends—from mushroom coffee and pancake cereal to cloud bread.But there’s another trend dominating TikTok that’s become bigger than any of these viral recipes.That’s the#whatieatinaday trend,which is nearing9 billion views.These video food diaries are also popular on Instagram—typically featuring a wellness influencer or celebrity showing their foods they ate that day—often with afull-length yoga clothes mirror selfie.The basic message these posts send is that if you eat like them,then you can eventually look like them.The posts are promoting the idea of a perfect or ideal day of eating,along with a perfect body size.“Younger audience,especially girls and young women,accept the message that they must eat like these creators in order to achieve and maintain not only health,but also social attraction,”says Cara Harbstreet.“The biggest harm I see with this trend is that it normalizes disordered or restrictive eating behaviors.This could prevent someone struggling with an eating disorder from seeking and receiving support or treatment.”Even if the#whatieatinaday posts are displaying a balanced day of eating,the message of“eat like me,and you will look like me”is harmful because people would not necessarily achieve the same body size as the Instagrammer even if they copied their day of eating bite for bite.Rather than a day’s worth of food,many experts suggest posting a single meal instead. Rachael Hartley said an individual meal or recipe could serve as an idea or inspiration versusa full day of eating to copy.“I occasionally share#whylate Wednesday posts,with the aim of showing a wide range of foods,including fast food,desserts,convenience foods and other foods that diet culture might dislike,as well as showing how to include nutrition in a gentle way,”she said.Rachael says diet culture has changed our sense of how much is“normal”to eat at meals or snacks,so it can be helpful to see a full meal that shows a variety of foods.8．What is paragraph I mainly about?A．The popularity of TikTok cooking classes.B．The origin of the#whatieatinaday trend.C．The Internet hit of posting a whole-day diet.D．The disagreement of selfies in yoga clothes.9．Why is#whatieatinaday trend harmful according to Cara Harbstreet?A．It makes people less attractive.B．It confuses dieting with healthy eating. C．It contributes to emotional disorder.D．It restricts people’s choice to vegetables. 10．Which kind of posting would probably be preferred by experts?A．A big Sunday supper with various dishes.B．A single meal with only convenient noodles.C．Breakfast,lunch and dinner on a Wednesday.D．A day’s meals with more vegetables than meat.11．What is the purpose of this passage?A．To compare different eating habits.B．To inform a standard posting method.C．To argue against#whatieatinaday posting.D．To discuss the pros and cons of diet culture.Soot(煤)pollution is speeding up climate-driven melting in Antarctica,a new study suggests,raising questions about how to protect the delicate continent from the increasing number of humans who want to visit.“It really makes us question,is our presence really needed?”says Alia Khan,one of the authors of the new study.“We have quite a large black carbon footprint in Antarctica,which is enhancing snow and ice melt.”Black carbon is the leftover thing from burning plants or fossil fuels.Soot in Antarcticacomes primarily from waste gases of cruise ships(游轮),vehicles and airplanes,although some pollution travels on the wind from other parts of the globe.The dark particles(微粒) coat white snow and absorb heat from the sun the way a black T-shirt does on a warm day. The blanket of dark bits speeds up melting that was already happening more quickly because of global warming.When snow and ice are uncovered,they reflect an enormous amount of sunlight before it can turn into heat.“These are the mirrors on our planet,”says Sonia Nagorski,a scientist at the University of Alaska Southeast.“When those mirrors are covered in a film of dark bits, they don’t send back that much light and heat.That means more heat is trapped on Earth, speeding up melting and contributing to global warming.”As a scientist who personally visits Antarctica every year,Khan says she is troubled by her own research results.On the one hand,she goes to Antarctica to collect crucial data about how quickly the snow and ice there are disappearing.“But then when we come to conclusions like this it really does make us think twice about how frequently we need to visit the continent,”she says,“and what kind of regulations should be placed on tourism as well.”That could mean requiring that cruise ships and vehicles be electric,for example,or limiting the number of visitors each year.12．What is Khan’s attitude towards human actions in Antarctica according to paragraph2? A．Angry and abusive.B．Cold and uninterested. C．Doubtful and anxious.D．Admiring and delighted. 13．What is the main cause of soot pollution in Antarctica?A．The quick melting of ice and snow.B．The emission from virous transport. C．The remaining parts of burning plants.D．The floating gases from other continents. 14．What do we know from Nagorski?A．The covered ice is less reflective.B．The melting speed of ice is slower than before.C．The dark blanket serves as a big mirror.D．The sunlight gets increasingly stronger recently.15．Which is the most suitable title for the text?A．What made our planet so polluted?B．Who is to blame for air pollution? C．Can electric vehicles save tourism?D．Are we welcome to the South Pole?Weeds,the fast-growing plants that cannot be eaten and do not bring flowers,are a common problem for gardeners.Some use chemicals to kill weeds.Others pull them up by hand or with heavy machinery.Luckily,there are other ways to limit their growth.For starters,there are mulches(护根物)which can bury weeds.Mulches are made from organic material,such as leaves,grass cuttings,and small pieces of wood.They are spread over the ground in a garden to control anic mulches break down over time.____16____That is not a bad thing,because their decomposition(分解)creates nutrients for plants and humus(腐殖质)to keep soils wet and full of fresh air.Plastic mulch is another way to stop mon black plastic is easy to lay down. It also effectively blocks weeds and helps soil warm faster in the spring.____17____A reflective plastic mulch,for example,keeps some plant-eating insects away.A major problem with plastic is that it breaks apart over time,so eventually it needs to be thrown away,plus it adds nothing to the soil as far as nutrients or humus.____18____Finally,in addition to direct attacks on weeds,how you plant your garden can indirectly influence weed growth.For example,close spacing of plants in the garden blocks sunlight from reaching the ground and can limit weed growth.And using a watering method known as drip irrigation will direct small amounts of water to the roots of your plants instead of the weeds.____19____Lying in soil are millions of weed seeds just waiting to be awakened by light and air.____20____Instead,your goal is simply to limit their growth in the garden.A．So you must add more to your garden often.B．So it is by far the best support for plant growth.C．And plastic also can block air from reaching the soil.D．A small group of geese can clear weeds in half a hectare of land.E．Whether or not you dig up your soil also influences weed growth.F．Using any or all of these methods will not permanently stop weed growth. G．Recent experiments with other colored plastic have shown effects on both bugs and plant growth.I’m a professor teaching people how to think more creatively.____21____,this lifetime passion was awakened by a casual contest when I was a child.At a family picnic,children used to have the handkerchief-throwing contest,which I realize now,was not meant to show any real____22____,but simply for laughs.But it stirred my love of thinking outside the____23____.The host gave each child a cloth handkerchief and told us the winner would be the one who threw it the farthest.The first little throwers____24____mighty strength,but the cloth opened and fell to the ground.So when one kid after another threw harder when the handkerchief always opened,it____25____me.The secret was not to throw harder but to keep the cloth from____26____!Suppose I hid a rock in the cloth without tying it.The rock would____27____the cloth at least farther than the others,and when they separated,people might not notice a small rock____28____in the grass.I had a good chance of____29____ with it,but I didn’t want to win by cheating.I had to make the handkerchief fly like a rock.I began tying the handkerchief around itself to make it_____30_____.When I approached the _____31_____as the final contestant,people were already laughing.I took a long wind-up, and the balled handkerchief rocketed off maybe60feet away.The laughing_____32_____ suddenly.The host stared at me and then ran to_____33_____if I’d cheated the crowd.“It’s just the handkerchief,”he declared.The adults applauded and I felt_____34_____.This is how I learned the secret to creative thinking.I wanted to continue looking_____35_____what things seemed to be.21．A．Increasingly B．Unfortunately C．Interestingly D．Normally 22．A．skills B．suggestions C．disadvantages D．signals 23．A．picnic B．crowd C．ground D．box 24．A．broke up B．set up C．used up D．took up 25．A．scared B．annoyed C．distracted D．touched 26．A．opening B．flying C．disappearing D．floating 27．A．adjust B．desert C．encounter D．drive 28．A．growing B．landing C．shooting D．roaring 29．A．getting away B．fading away C．doing away D．running away 30．A．round B．heavy C．small D．cute31．A．line B．rock C．winner D．punishment 32．A．erupted B．followed C．grew D．died 33．A．suspect B．predict C．examine D．remind 34．A．ashamed B．stressed C．cautious D．proud 35．A．around B．beyond C．beside D．above四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

吉林长春10所公立初中排行榜

吉林长春10所公立初中排行榜长春市的公立中学top10(以下学校排名不分先后)一：东北师范大学附属中学1、东北师大附中明珠学校(中学)位置：人民大街9000号房价：学校目前处于退公阶段，学区房很贵，达到14000元/平。

学校在人民大街上，附近基本没有新盘，多为长春明珠、长春豪园、民航花园、万豪汇景新城等比较高档的老小区。

二手房平均价格在8000元/平，甚至更高。

简介：东北师范大学附属中学创建于1950年，涵盖幼儿园、小学、初中、高中等多个学部，现有自由、青华、明珠、净月等多个校区，是东北三大高中之一，全国知名重点中学。

作为吉林省的一张名片，同时有东北师范大学名校的光环，附中在师资力量、教学质量、硬件设施上，“上师大附中”也被视为上大学的象征。

二：吉林省第二实验学校1.吉林省二实验房价：南湖校区附近都是年头老旧的楼房，学区房均价过15000元，面积越小单价越高。

位置：南湖中街421号简介：吉林省第二实验学校始建于1984年，分为中、小学两部，是吉林省教育厅直属的省级重点实验学校，也是的一所隶属于吉林省教育委员会的小学、初中九年一贯制的学校。

学校分为南湖、高新、远洋三个校区，曾连续三年高考考出状元。

三、吉林大学附属中学1.吉林大学前卫校区(初中)位置：朝阳区解放大路2519号房价：学校没有学区，初中只接收吉大子弟。

如果陪读，周边有天安第一城、保利罗兰香谷、大禹城邦、融创上城等楼盘，价格在8000元/平以上。

2.吉林大学附属中学慧谷学校位置：高新区南部，北至创意北路，南至创意路，西至超强西街，东至超强街学区范围：铖裕香榭湾小区、澳海澜庭小区、昂展公园里小区、雍景家园小区、澳海澜苑小区、伟业富强天玺小区、天茂湖小区、恒大雅苑小区、东地天澜小区、南郡水云天三号小区。

房价：附近新楼盘有恒大雅苑、东地天澜。

恒大雅苑为精装修，均价7500元/平以上，东地天澜均价也要6000元/平以上。

简介：吉林大学附属中学创建于1989年，是吉林省内一流的初级中学、吉林大学的重要组成部分。

2013、2014年度长春市高中录取分数线 (1)

长春市第一中学
519.5
487.0
550??
524？
500/166
长春市养正高级中学
501.5
466.0
510
700/179
长春汽车经济技术开发区第三中学
500.0
462.0
522.5？
462？
500/86
长春市第七中学
495.0
461.5
510？
487？
480/138
长春市第十中学
468.5
437.5
类别
学校名称
2013
统招
2013
自费
2014
统招
2014
自费
2015
计划
公
办
学
校
东北师范大学附属中学
586.5
584.0
590.5
589.5
500/93
吉林省实验中学
575.5
568.5
582
700/120
长春市十一高中
579.5
576.0
581.5
579.5
765/100
长春市第二中学
574.0
569.5
579.5
720/125
长春市第二实验中学
570.0
562.5
575
572?
350/64
长春市实验中学
568.5
553.0
572
548?
765/100+225
长春汽车经济技术开发区第六中学
556.0
537.5
563.5
557.5
600/94+100
长春外国语学校
552.0

吉林省长春市吉大附中实验学校2022—2023学年高一上学期期末考试语文试卷

本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，考试结束后，将答题卡交回。

注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。

2．选择题必须使用2B 铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。

3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

4．作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。

5．保持卡面清洁，不得折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。

一、基础知识（本题共4小题，12分）1．下列词语的读音和字形全都正确的一项是（3分）2．下列加点词的解释全部正确的一项是（3分）A ．生．非异也（通“性”，天性）小学．．而大遗（小的方面要学习）弟子不必．．不如师（不需要）栗．深林兮惊层巅（使……战栗） B ．予出官．．二年（京官贬黜往地方任职）秋月春风等闲．．度（随随便便）白露．．横江（白茫茫的水汽）知不可乎骤．得（屡次） C ．纵．一苇之所如（放任）而皆若偻．（脊背弯曲的样子，引申为鞠躬）戊申晦．（农历每月的最后一天）半山居．雾若带然（停留） D ．低眉信手．．续续弹（随手）间关．．莺语花底滑（形容鸟鸣婉转）封．狼居胥（登山祭天，以纪功勋）艰难苦恨．．繁霜鬓（艰苦愤恨） 3．下列对文学常识的解说正确的一项是（3分）A ． “六经”指六部儒家经典著作，是指经过孔子整理而传授的六部先秦古籍。

它们是《论语》《诗经》《尚书》《礼记》《乐经》《周易》。

B ．阴阳：古代以山之南为阳，水之南为阴，反之，山之北为阴，水之北为阳。

如华阳在华山之南，江阴在长江之南。

C ．《诗经》的赋、比、兴、风、雅、颂合称为《诗经》的“六义”。

《诗经》是我国浪漫主义风格文学创作的源头。

A ．忸怩孱．（càn ）头脑髓．（suí）萧索鱼翔潜底遒劲．有力（jìng ） B ．踌躇熨．（yùn ）帖脉脉．．（mò）袅娜没精打彩一椽．（chuán ）破屋 C ．渺芒煤屑．（xiè）隽．（jùn ）永鹢首残羹冷炙蓊蓊．．（wěng ）郁郁 D ．嘶叫蝉蜕．（tuì）坍圮．（pǐ）樗蒱声名狼藉亘．（gèn ）古不变 “兴酣落笔摇五岳，意气风发凌九霄”2022—2023学年上学期高一年级期末考试语文学科试卷考试时间：150分钟试卷满分：150分D．谥号：专指皇帝死后依据皇帝生前事迹所给予的带有评价性质的称号。

吉林省长春市吉大附中实验学校2021-2022学年高一上学期月考数学试题

（1）证明见解析；（2）证明见解析
（1）首先利用作差法得到，再利用基本不等式即可证明，即可证明 .
（2）首先利用基本不等式即可证明充分性，再令，即可证明必要性.
（1）
.
因为均为正数，所以，，
所以，当且仅当时取等号.
即，当且仅当时取等号.
又因为，当且仅当时取等号.
即，当且仅当时取等号.
当时，，解得 .
当时，，无解.
综上： .故选：B
6.若命题“ ，使 ”为假命题，则实数的取值范围是（）
A. B.
C D. 或
B
由题设知：，恒成立，讨论k的范围并结合二次函数的性质，确定k的取值范围.
由题设，，恒成立，
∴当时，恒成立，符合题设；
当时，，可得 .
综上， .故选：B
A. 充分不必要条件B. 必要不充分条件
C. 充要条件D. 既不充分也不必要条件
B
利用充分、必要条件的定义，结合不等式的性质判断题设条件间的推出关系，即可知条件间的充分、必要关系.
当时，若时不成立；
当时，则必有成立，
∴“ ”是“ ”的必要不充分条件.故选：B
3.已知集合，，则（）
A. 0B. 2C. 3D. 4
令，则在上恒成立，
∴ 或，可得 .
∴A、B、C都是命题为真的充分条件，而D不是.故选：ABC
11.已知关于的不等式的解集是，则（）
A. B.
C. D.
BCD
根据已知条件，利用二次不等式的解集与二次函数的的图象的对应关系，借助韦达定理和不等式的基本性质作出判断.
由已知得，的两根为和2，
对于C：，故C错误；

2022-2023学年吉林省长春吉大附中实验学校高一下学期期中地理试题

2022-2023学年吉林省长春吉大附中实验学校高一下学期期中地理试题1. 下图为某自然灾害侵入我国的路径示意及甲地某种常见植物图片。

读图，完成下面小题。

1．影响我国的上述自然灾害，主要发源地是（）A．北冰洋沿岸地区B．蒙古、西伯利亚地区C．印度洋沿岸地区D．西北太平洋沿岸地区2．图中自然灾害若发生在1月初，对辽宁省的影响可能有（）D．影响交通安全A．缓解伏旱旱情B．造成能源匮乏C．农作物大面积受冻2. 黑土地作为宝贵的农业战略资源，是维护国家粮食安全的重要物质基础。

近年来，我国东北地区黑土肥力呈下降趋势。

为保护好黑土地这一“耕地中的大熊猫”，2022年8月1日，《黑土地保护法》正式施行，据此完成下面小题。

1. 我国东北地区黑土分布面积广，主要是因为该地气候（）A．湿热B．干热C．冷湿D．干冷2．提高我国东北地区黑土肥力的措施合理的是（）A．施用化肥B．秸秆还田C．修建梯田D．治理污染3. 淀积层是由土堆表层淋洗下来的物质淀积到一定深度形成的土境土层。

不同地区的土壤淀积层位置不同。

下图中甲、乙、丙示意不同地区的土壤垂直剖面。

据此完成下面小题。

1．影响图示淀积层分布深度的主要因素是（）A．蒸发量B．降水量C．光照强度D．植被类型2．图中淀积层越靠近地表，越能够反映出土壤（）A．发育程度较低B．肥力较高C．有机质较丰富D．酸性较强4. 读“世界不同纬度人口分布示意图”，完成下面小题。

1．世界人口分布特点是（）A．高纬度多，低纬度少B．南半球多，北半球少C．南半球中高纬度多，低纬度少D．北半球中低纬度多，高纬度少2．南、北半球人口数量差异较大，主要是由于南半球（）A．地形复杂多样B．海洋面积广阔C．经济发展水平低D．热带雨林面积大5. 我国各省人口变化会受到生育政策调整和人口流动（＜人口增长－自然增长＞／地区总人口）的影响，对地区经济产生重要影响。

下图示意我国24个省级行政区2014～2019年间人口流动和出生率的年均值。

吉林大学附属实验学校宋明喜说课《垃圾资源化》

选修一《化学与生活》第四章第3节垃圾资源化说课稿作者：宋喜明学校：吉林大学附属实验学校日期：2014年9月尊敬的各位评委、各位老师，大家好。

我叫宋喜明，来自于吉林大学附属中学。

作为一名高中化学教师我一直思考三个问题。

1.化学是什么？2.如何学化学？3.怎样教化学？今天我的说课内容就围绕以上三个问题展开。

美国化学家西博格（G.T.Seaborg）说过，化学是人类进步的关键。

新课程理念提倡，从自然走进化学，从社会走向化学，从生活走进化学。

我选择说课的题目是：人教版选修1《化学与生活》第四章第三节《垃圾资源化》。

一、【课程资源开发】英国著名课程专家斯腾豪斯（Lawrence Stenhouse）提出“教师即课程研究者（teachers as curriculum researchers）”。

新课程理念倡导教师参与课程的编制与开发。

本着“不是教教材而是用教材教，创造性地使用教科书”的理念，我将教材资源进行二次整合，本节课作为《选4》《选5》知识的拓展、延伸。

将教材中的知识所蕴涵的生命活力加以激活。

编排顺序置于《选修4》《选修5》之后，作为《选4》《选5》知识的应用和实践。

根据学生认知需求把教材面向对象由原来的文科学生转变为理科学生。

把原来教材体现的情感态度价值观由原来的科学普及转变为科学应用。

这样既可以延伸拓展学生的视野，又有利于教材功能价值的发挥，同时本节课是一个理论联系实际的契合点，更能体现“化学从生活中来，到生活中去”的思想，提高学生综合运用化学知识解决实际问题的能力。

二、【教学目标】有人说“世界上没有垃圾，垃圾是放错位置的资源”。

垃圾依靠化学方式可转化为资源，所以我说化学是人类进步的生产力。

基于以上的理解，通过本节课的学习学生能：（知识与技能目标）1.了解垃圾资源化原理和方法。

（过程与方法目标）2.学会查阅资料、实验探究、知识迁移，等化学学习方法。

（情感态度价值观目标）3.体会化学对提高生活质量和环保的积极作用，提高环保意识。

吉林省长春市朝阳区长春吉大附中实验学校2024-2025学年高三上学期开学数学试题

吉林省长春市朝阳区长春吉大附中实验学校2024-2025学年高三上学期开学数学试题一、单选题1．若集合{}3A x =，{}|31,B x x n n ==-∈N ，则A B ⋂=（） A ．∅B ．{}3,6,9C ．{}2,5,8D ．{}1,2,5,8-2．上海百联集团对旗下若干门店的营业额与三个影响因素分别作了相关性分析，绘制了如下的散点图，则下述大小关系正确的为（）．A ．123r r r >>B ．231>>r r rC ．132r r r >>D ．321r r r >>3．已知0a >，则“3a >”是“3a a a >”的（） A ．充分不必要条件 B ．必要不充分条件 C ．充要条件 D ．既不充分也不必要条件4．53(2)x y xy -展开式中x 项的系数为（） A ．80B ．80-C ．40D ．40-5．已知0a >，且1a ≠，则函数1log a y x a ⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭的图象一定经过（）A ．一、二象限B ．一、三象限C ．二、四象限D ．三、四象限6．下列函数中，其图象与函数 ()21y f x =-的图象关于直线 x =1对称的是（） A ．()21y f x =-- B ．()21y f x =-+ C ．()23y f x =-+D ．()221y f x =--7．我校某班举办新年联欢班会，抽奖项目设置了特等奖、一等奖、二等奖、三等奖、鼓励奖共五种奖项. 甲、乙、丙、丁、戊每人抽取一张奖票，开奖后发现这5人的奖项都不相同. 甲说：“我不是鼓励奖”；乙说：“我不是特等奖”；丙说：“我的奖没有戊好但是比丁的强”. 根据以上信息，这5人的奖项的所有可能的种数是（） A ．12B ．13C ．24D ．268．已知实数1()a b ∈+∞，，，且()22e 2ln 1a a b b +=++，e 为自然对数的底数，则（） A ．1b a <<B ．2a b a <<C ．2e a a b <<D ．2e e a a b <<二、多选题9．某计算机程序每运行一次都随机出现一个十位二进制数12310=L A a a a a （例如若135********,,,,0,,,,,1a a a a a a a a a a ==，则010*******A =），已知(1,2,,10)k a k =L 出现“0”的概率为14，出现“1”的概率为34，记246810=++++X a a a a a ，则当程序运行一次时（）A ．X 服从二项分布B ．3(1)1024P X == C ．15()4=E X D ．15()4D X =10．暑假结束后，为了解假期中学生锻炼身体情况，学生处对所有在校学生做问卷调查，并随机抽取了180人的调查问卷，其中男生比女生少20人，并将调查结果绘制得到等高堆积条形图. 已知 ()()()()()22n ad bc a b c d a c b d χ-=++++，其中 n a b c d =+++，附：在被调查者中，下列说法正确的是（）A ．男生中不经常锻炼的人数比女生中经常锻炼的人数多B ．男生中经常锻炼的人数比女生中经常锻炼的人多8人C ．经常锻炼者中男生的频率小于不经常锻炼者中男生的频率的2倍D ．根据小概率值 0.01α=的独立性检验，可以认为假期是否经常锻炼与性别有关11．已知三次函数()32f x x bx cx d =+++有三个不同的零点()123123,,x x x x x x <<，若函数()()1g x f x =-也有三个不同的零点()123123,,t t t t t t <<，则下列等式或不等式一定成立的有（）A ．23b c <B ．33t x >C ．123123x x x t t t ++=++D ．1231231x x x t t t -=三、填空题12．在本次考试的8道单选题中，你前桌的小张同学对其中5道题有思路，3道题完全没有思路，假设有思路的题能做对的概率为34，没有思路的题仅能随机猜，你恰好看到了他一道题的答案，这个答案是正确的概率为.（诚信考试，诚实做人，拒绝抄袭，从我做起） 13．已知正数x ，y 满足1x y +=，则31x xy+的最小值为. 14．在一个 33⨯的“乘法幻方”中，每个空格中都填上一个正数，使得每一行、每一列以及每条对角线的各数之积均相等. 则 x =.四、解答题15．设数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，已知12a =，142n n S a +=+． (1)设12n n n b a a +=-，证明：数列{}n b 是等比数列； (2)求数列2n n a ⎧⎫⎨⎬⎩⎭的前n 项和n T ．16．在刚刚结束的巴黎奥运会中，国球再创辉煌，包揽全部5枚金牌，其中最惊险激烈的就是男单 1/4决赛，中国选手樊振东对战日本选手张本智和.比赛采取7局4胜制，每局为11分制，每赢一球得一分.(1)樊振东首局失利，第二局比赛双方打到 8:8平，此时张本智和连续发球2次，然后樊振东连续发球2次，根据以往比赛结果统计，樊振东发球时他自己得分的概率为0.6. 张本智和发球时樊振东得分的概率为0.5，各球的结果相互独立，遗憾的是该局比赛樊振东最终以9:11落败，求其以该比分落败的概率；(2)在本场比赛中，张本智和先以 2:0领先，根据以往比赛结果统计，在后续的每局比赛中樊振东获胜的概率为23，张本智和获胜的概率为13，且每局比赛的结果相互独立，（ⅰ）假设两人又进行了 X 局后比赛结束，求 X 的分布列与数学期望.（ⅱ）最后樊振东以 4:3拿下了本场比赛，成功晋级半决赛，有媒体报道樊振东从 0:2到4:3实现了“惊天逆转”，同学们也认同这个说法么？请结合本题中的数据简要说明你的理由.17．在如图①所示的平面图形中，四边形ACDE 为菱形，现沿AC 进行翻折，使得AB ⊥平面ACDE ，过点E 作//EF AB ，且12EF AB =，连接,,FD FB BD ，所得图形如图②所示，其中G 为线段BD 的中点，连接FG .(1)求证：FG ⊥平面ABD ;(2)若2AC AD ==，直线FG 与平面BCD 求平面ABC 与平面BFD 所成角的余弦值.18．已知函数()21ln ,R f x a x a x =+∈． (1)若22e a =，求()f x 的极小值；(2)若过原点可以作两条直线与曲线()y f x =相切，求a 的取值范围．19．已知双曲线2222:1(0,0)x y C a b a b-=>>的两条渐近线分别为12:l y x =和2:2=-l y x ，右焦点坐标为),O 为坐标原点.(1)求双曲线的标准方程；(2)直线46y x =-与双曲线的右支交于点11,A B （1A 在1B 的上方），过点11,A B 分别作21,l l 的平行线，交于点1P ，过点1P 且斜率为4的直线与双曲线交于点A 2,B 2（2A 在2B 的上方），再过点A 2,B 2分别作21,l l 的平行线，交于点2,P L ，这样一直操作下去，可以得到一列点*12,,,,3,n P P P n n ≥∈N L .（i ）证明：12,,,n P P P L 共线；（ii ）判断221i i i OP PP +-()*11,i n i ≤≤-∈N 是否为定值，若是定值求出定值；若不是定值，说明理由.。

抽屉原理在组合数学中的应用

2中等数学叙嗲活劫镙歿饼;I抽屉原理在组合数学中的应用刘媛媛石泽晖(长春吉大附中实验学校,130021)中图分类号:〇141.2 文献标识码:A文章编号:1005 - 6416(2021)05 - 0002 - 05(本讲适合高中）抽屉原理也被称为鸽巢原理或狄利克莱原理，它是组合数学中一个基本且重要的原理，许多存在性问题的证明和极值问题中不等关系的得出都可以用抽屉原理来解决.1知识介绍抽屉原理具体内容在不同的背景下（代数、几何等）略有不同，常见形式主要有以下几种：抽屉原理（1)若将m个物件放到n个抽屉里，则必有一个抽屉至少有+1n个物件，其中，[a]表示不超过实数a的最大整数；(2)若将m个物件放到n个抽屉里，则必有一个抽屉内至多有[@1个物件.n证明（1)反证法.若每个抽屉内至多有个物件，则放人71个抽屉内的物件总数至多为n—~- ^n(— ~^=m-l，这与抽屉内共有m个物件矛盾.故必有一个抽屉内至少有1+ 1个物件.n(2)的证法同样，此处省略.抽屉原理的实质是对物件最多的抽屉内至少有多少个物件，物件最少的抽屉内至多收稿日期:2021 -01 -11有多少个物件的估计，本质是极端原理.平均值原理（1)设，a2,…，an 6R，h|(a i+a2+...+a n)J l K，a2，…，an 中必有一个数不小于1也必有一个数不大于4;⑵设o^，％，…，an 6R,G= 7ai°2"，an*则h，a2，…，an中必有一个数不小于G,也必有一个数不大于C.事实上，平均值原理中的均值可以替换成任何一种均值，结论依然成立.图形重叠原理在平面上有n个面积分别为51，52，一，5…的图形>1132，一,疋，把这«个图形按任意方式放入一个面积为S的固定图形4内.(1) 若& +s2 +…+ s… >5,则存在两个平面图形卓、4(1A <)矣n)，它们有公共内点；(2) 若&+S2 +…+S…<S，则在>4内必存在一点，不属于U2，…，纪中任意一个•此结论同样适用于一维、三维情况.抽屉原理本身并不难，用其解题关键是如何设计“抽屉”，即题中涉及元素的具体分类方式.2例题选讲2.1合理“划分抽屉”解决组合问题例1设S=l l，2,…，100!.求最大的整数fc，使得S有个互不相同的非空子集，具有性质:对这A个子集中任意两个不同子集，若它们的交非空，则它们交集中的最小元2021年第5期3素与这两个子集中的最大元素均不相同.[1] (2014,全国高中数学联合竞赛）解对于有限非空实数集用m in夂 max4分别表示4的最小元素、最大元素.考虑S的所有包含1且至少有两个元素的子集，共2" - 1个，记为岑，…，七^丨•它们显然满足要求.因为 min(/!;Di4,+)= 1 < max A-,所以人下面证明A>299时不存在满足要求的友个子集.将丨1，2,…，100丨按以下方式划分为如下2"-1个子集：对任意的m 6丨4,5,…，100|，记对于任意的，定义集合对U u |m|；[,A B m t U I mi !,则共有2^2个不同的集合对.将11，2,3丨的非空子集按以下方式分成三个子集对：{13|；11,3}；|2,3|},1|2|；{1,2!|,I H I ;{1,2,3( !.从而，共有£2m—2 +3 =2" -1个不同的子集对.若非空子集个数多2"，则必有两个在同一组中，故它们交集中的最小元素与最大元素相同，矛盾.因此，1.例2甲选了 13个两两不同的三位数，乙从甲选的13个三位数中再挑选几个三位数.若通过四则运算可以使最后的结果属于区间（3，4)，则乙获胜；否则，甲获胜.问：谁有获胜策略？(第34届阿根廷数学奥林匹克）解乙有获胜策略.将所有三位数按如下方式分成八个集合，同一集合中最大数除以最小数的值小于4G\ ={100,101 ,•••,133},G2 =)134,135,---,178!,G3 =j179,180,---,238!,G4 ={239,240,---,318},g5 =j319,320,---,425!,G6 =|426，427,…,567| ,G7 =|568,569,…,757i ,G8 =|758,759,…,999|.因为甲共选取13个三位数，且13 >8,所以，由抽屉原理，知必有两个三位数属于同一集合，不妨设为A(A > *2 )，显然，,41<^<y-去掉这两个三位数，剩下11个三位数属于同一集合，由于11 >8,则由抽屉原理，知必有两个三位数属于同一集合，不妨设为巧、尤4()，显然，X43再去掉这两个三位数，剩下9个三位数属于同一集合，由于9 >8,则由抽屉原理，知必有两个三位数属于同一集合，不妨设为 ■*5、无6($5〉)，显然，,*5 41 <—<了.尤63由此得X}X^y1 +1 +1 =3 < — + —+ —丨2 丨4 丨64 4 4 A<了 + 了 + 了=4.故乙有获胜策略.[2]利用抽屉原理，知研究此类问题的关键是构造合适的“抽屉”，即确定恰当的分类规则，将题目中涉及的元素按照一定的性质进行分类.当取出的元素数量足够多时，由抽屉原理，知至少有某些元素属于同一个集合.从而，这些元素具有某种性质，进而得出结论. 构造抽屉的原则是与题设密切相关的，常用方法有:分割区间、分割图形、同余分类、最大奇因子、划分集合等方式，使用时具体要看题4中等数学设条件所关注的性质.2.2 “计算总量”，用抽屉原理估计最值例3 设5=14，/12，"•，/!…}(〇.多2)，其中，义，/12，…，七是n个互不相同的有限集合,满足对任意次、禹6S，均有6S.若灸=m in丨4丨>2( I Z I表示有限集合Z的1矣i矣n元素个数），证明：存在$ G，使得尤属于次，禹，…人中的至少f个集合.[3](2015,全国高中数学联合竞赛）证明不妨设丨41= 6.设在次，…，人中与々不相交的集合有5个，重新记为A，fi2，…，虼；设包含岑的集合有f个，重新记为C丨，C2，…，C,.由已知条件，知晃U A G S，即B i UA1 6于是，得到一个映射/:\B l ,B2,--,B S\\CX,C2,--,C t\,f(B i)= B i U A l.显然，/是单射.从而，s矣z.i^：Al =在^，七，…，火中除去乂，氏，…，Ci，C2,…，后，在剩下的n-s-t个集合中，设包含a,的集合有个.由于剩下的n-s-f个集合中每个集合与岑的交非空，即包含某个A，于是，x x +x2 + •••+ xk^n- s-1.从而，/i,中的各个元素出现在集合…，火中的次数总和满足T= k t+n-s-t=n+ (k-l)t-s^n.由抽屉原理，知至少存在一个m 6丨i，2,…，M，使得〜彡f.上述问题的特征是:题中所给的元素具有任意性•题设为集合4，4,…，人和所涉及的元素提供的条件均是平等的、任意的.题目探究的结论是一个存在性命题，证明存在一个元素具有某种性质，且只需说明存在性，并不需要指明具体是哪个集合满足此要求.这类问题考虑用抽屉原理处理，通过计算抽屉中元素的总量来得出相应结论，是抽屉原理非常典型的应用.2.3应用“图形重叠原理”解决组合几何问题例4 一农夫在120 m x 100 m的矩形土地中有九个直径为5 m的圆形菜园.证明: 无论圆形菜园的位置如何设置，农夫总能建一"t"25 m x35 m的矩形菜园•(2018,越南数学奥林匹克）证明设矩形仙CZ)满足Zlfi = CZ)= 120=5C= 100•将其分割为 10 个 30 x40 的小矩形，如图1.图1考虑九个圆形菜园的圆心.由抽屉原理，知必存在某个小矩形不包含这九个圆心中的任何一个.设这个矩形为；O^T，其中，XY= ZT= 40 ,XT=Y Z=30.考虑矩形x y z r内的矩形z'r r，使得两个矩形的对应边平行且距离为2. 5.则矩形z'r z'r为25 x35，且与每个圆形菜园均无重叠.[2]例5 平面上给定100个半径为1的圆，使得任意三个圆心所构成的三角形的面积至多为i o a证明：存在一条直线至少与1〇个圆相交.(2018,中国台湾数学奥林匹克选训营）证明证明一个更一般的命题:平面上给定n个半径为1的圆，使得任三个圆心所构成的三角形面积至多为n，证明：存在一条直线至少与个圆相交.+2令S为这〃个圆心所成的集合.2021年第5期5设S中距离最远的两点间的距离为丄任取S中异于的一点C.因为以，所以，点C到直线仙的距离至多为^.从而，若直线Z丄于点Z)，则集合S 中任一点在/上的投影点将落入以Z)为中心、$为长度的区间内.又集合S中两点距离最大值为d，则S 中的点在直线/的投影点必落在一个长度为 d的区间内.故此区间长度至多为y/An .注意到，这n个圆投影到直线/上全是长度为2的区间，而这些区间均包含在一个长度至多为A+2的区间内.令这个区间为/，C,•为第i(l在n)个圆在直线Z上的投影.由于所有(；的长度总和为2n，且其均落在/中，依照图形重叠原理，这表明,/中至少要有一个点X同时属于至少个圆C,++2中.故取平行于且过点尤的直线g即可.取n= 100，得200 200 n,___—= —^>9,v^+222即g至少与10个圆相交.[2]用图形重叠原理解决组合几何中的存在性问题时，题中所给元素条件具有任意性也是一典型特征，如例5中涉及的100个圆，条件是任意的、平等的，题目的结论是一个存在性命题，有以上特征的问题通常可以考虑用图形重叠原理去解决.练习题1.设集合S=丨1，2，".，3/1丨为正整数，71为S的子集，满足:对于任意的x、y、z G T (；«、y、z可以相同），均有;+ y+ z备71.求所有这种集合r的元素个数的最大值.[4](第五届中国东南地区数学奥林匹克）提示取T0 = \x\x S H x^n+ \\=|n+ 1,r e+2,•••,3n\ ,此时，i r Qi= 2re，且r Q中任三个数的和大于3心于是，不在r。

吉林省吉大附中实验学校2014届高三下学期第三次模拟考试英语试题 Word版含答案 (1)

吉林省吉大附中实验学校2014届高三下学期第三次模拟考试英语试题第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给出的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AA man, who sometimes takes my bus, is in rags. His life seems different from that of the others. He looks exhausted and carries nothing. He appears along a downtown street, seemingly out of nowhere. We sometimes want to know where he sleeps at night.A few weeks ago he boarded the bus. A few stops later, a young woman boarded. She swiped (刷) her bus-card, only to find the machine would not accept it. The driver told her to pay the $2.25 fare. “I just bought this card,” she said. “I paid the money...”The driver said she could take the card back to the sales office and explain the problem. In the meantime she would have to pay the fare for that day. The woman became confused and distressed. The rest of us just watched, wondering how the problem would be solved. Suddenly the man rose from his seat, dropped a few coins into the fare box.“You’re lucky,” the bus driver said quietly. “He paid for you.” Silence fell over the bus. The rest of us had watched the woman’s discomfort, but he felt it. We lawyers, journalists and business people headed downtown to help fix the world. He fixed her world.I haven’t seen him s ince that day. Some people believe angels occasionally drop down and move among us. All I know is that I have a new respect for the simple act of kindness. It speeds us along on our way.21. According to the first paragraph, the author _______.A. thinks highly of the manB. often gives the man some helpC. knows the man very wellD. considers the man strange22. What does the underlined word “distressed” probably mean?A. exitedB. generousC. boredD. anxious23. What did the writer learn from the man?A.to show concern for other people.B.to lead a happy life like the man.C.to share what he has with us.D.to believe that people are born kind.BHow the Grand Canyon (大峡谷) was created remains one of the geology’s greatest mysteries. Some evidence suggests that the process was a gradual one in which the Colorado River (which runs through the canyon) slowly cut deeper and deeper into the ground over millions of years. But volcanic rock samples taken from the canyon now suggest that the canyon was down-cut instead.Down-cutting is when a flood of water rushes over a landscape (地形) with enough force to cut deeply into the ground and leaves behind a canyon. Such a flood is usually released when a natural or man-made dam (堤坝) bursts.Robert Webb, a research geologist, says natural dams seem to have formed and broken across the Colorado River several times during the last million years. The dams were built when lava(熔岩) from the eruptions of nearby volcanoes flowed into the river. The lava hardened into hard rocks and blocked the river, causing it to back up and form a lake. Each time the lake grew so huge that it broke the rock dam, releasing a flash flood that furthered the down-cutting process and deepened the canyon.Down-cutting is not just an earthly event. Satellite photos sent back from Mars suggest that the process has happened there, too, say many other researchers.The photos, taken by the Mars Global Surveyor, indicate that an enormous lake existed on Mars 3.5 billion years ago. The lake spilled into a large nearby hole. One edge of the hole broke, releasing a flash flood that quickly carved out a grand canyon.The existence of down-cutting on Mars is just one more piece of evidence that the cold, dry planet was once warm and wet.24. In the past, deep canyons were believed to have formed _______.A. as a result of a sudden break of volcanoesB. due to river flows over millions of yearsC. owing to the burst of artificial damsD. thanks to our ancestors’ creative work25. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TURE?A. Several volcanoes broke out on Mars directly creating grand canyons.B. Several great lakes existed on the upper parts of the Colorado River.C. People built high dams on the upper parts of the Colorado River.D. The Colorado River crossed the Grand Canyon to form down-cutting.26. From the last three paragraphs we learn that _______.A. there are great lakes on MarsB. there are active volcanoes on MarsC. there might be cities on MarsD. there might be life on Mars27. The passage can be titled as _______.A. Lakes on Earth and MarsB. The Cause of Lake FormationC. The Force of Dam BreakingD. Canyons—Results of Flood CuttingCTeen Climbing Camp 2010This 5-day climbing camp is suitable for teenagers between the ages of 13 and 18 who have an interest in rock climbing. The climbing days are designed for beginners and those who have some basic experience in a gym or outdoors. Participants will find themselves challenged physically and mentally.Rock Dimensions camps are designed to be a positive and memorable experience by providing healthy communication between participants, individual goal setting, and challenges that lead to personal growth.Dates:Monday, June 29-Friday, July 3Monday, July 27-Friday, July 31Locations:Climbing Tower at FootsloggersLinville Gorge and Table Rock areaLocal climbing areas near BooneResponsibilities:Participants will meet Rock Dimensions guides at our location each morning and at the end of each day. Rock Dimensions will provide all climbing items, including a safety rope, a helmet and climbing shoes for each participant. Participants are responsible for bringing their own lunch, water, small backpack, appropriate clothing, and personal items like sun cream, etc.Pre-camp planning:Participants will receive the following information in their registration(注册) packet: Medical Form, Responsibility Agreement, Clothing/Equipment List, and Directions.Cost:$575/person for the 5-day camp$325/person for the first 3 daysAnyone interested in participating in just the last two days of the camp should call to discuss pricing and necessary skills/experience.28. According to the text, Rock Dimensions camps will _______.A. probably impress participants deeplyB. provide a few competitionsC. help the participants set their life goalsD. check the records of personal growth29. What of the following do participants need to bring with them?A. A safety rope.B. A helmet.C. Climbing shoes.D. Appropriate clothing.30. If Paul wants to participate in the climbing camp from July 27 to July 29 and his brother from July 27 to July 31, it will cost them _______.A. 575 dollarsB. 650 dollarsC. 900 dollarsD. 1,150 dollars31. What can we infer from the text?A. Some experience is required of the participants.B. It’ll be hard for teens to experience the climbing.C. Parents are required to stay with their children.D. Guides will talk about the prices with parents.DSomething that makes sense is happening in Washington, D.C! Public school kids surrounded by museums and monuments are putting the ready-made learning tools to use —and actually learning.A trip to see painter Jacob Lawrence’s Migration Series is one of almost 200 trips that Wheelock will organize this year through the nonprofit group Live It Learn It. “For many k ids, school is disconnected,” says one of four full-time workers and tour leaders. “With the program, they see how what they are learning is connected to their communities.”Seven years ago, Wheelock changed a job as a lawyer for one as a four-grade teacher. When he learned that D.C.’s public schools ranked behind those of other cities in many ways, he knew he had to do something different. He took his class to Capitol Hill for a lesson on the three branches of government —and saw his students’ interest de velop quickly.With seed money from a local couple, Wheelock developed detailed lesson plans for trips to the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum, the Lincoln Memorial. The group also has classes for trips to the Anacostia River, boat rides to historical forts. Word spread, and now fourth, fifth, sixth graders from the neediest public schools in the District participate.“I’m not brave enough to take my class to a museum for over an hour!” says teacher Cathy McCoy, gesturing toward her students. “But look: With Live It Learn It, what the kids learn today they’ll remember for a lifetime.”32. Matthew Wheelock once had an occupation as a _______.A. teacherB. printerC. leaderD. lawyer33. According to the first two paragraphs, public school kids in Washington D.C. _______.A. like to have school disconnectedB. are warmly welcomed by museums and monumentsC. are making the resources at hand availableD. are learning by going to different communities34. Matthew Wheelock started the new change for the reason that _______.A. he saw his students’ interest develop quicklyB. more graders from the neediest public schools wanted to participateC. D.C.’s public schools ranked behind in many waysD. a local couple sponsored him a sum of seed money35. What will the lessons be like with Live It Learn It in Cathy McCoy’s opinion?A. Eye-catching.B. Challenging.C. Forgettable.D. Impressive.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

第02讲用样本估计总体 (精练)(教师版)

A ．x x <，<s sB ．x x <，s s >,,n x 的平均数为),2,3,,n 的平均数为，了解生产的产品是否合格，合理的调查方式为抽样调查，故，根据分层抽样抽样比可知，样本容量为135，故B S 乙，所以甲的数据更稳定，故,,n x 的平均数为nx ++，()1,2,3,,i n =的平均数为n a bx ++-)n x b b b bax n++++++-=·商丘市第一高级中学高一阶段练习）甲、乙、丙、丁四人各掷骰子52，3，4，，6），并分别记录每次出现的点数，四人根据统计结果对各自的试验数据分别做了如下描述：①中位数为，众数为5；②中位数为2,,n ），c ．方差，原样本数据的平均数nx n++，新样本数据的平均数12nny x x x c nn+++++=+（0c ≠），所以A 错误；，原样本数据的方差())(22211x n s x x x x x n ⎡=⨯--++-⎣(n x ⎡+++⎣(n x x ++-所以B 正确；2，…，n x ，则新样本数据1，2x ，…，分别为最小值和最大值，分别为最小值和最大值，极差为A ．甲社团宣传次数的众数小于乙社团宣传次数的众数1,2,,6.⨯⎦636⎤x，则171x，则90 175(= 20166.5cm(1)以每组数据的区间中点值为代表，根据图1估计A公司员工月均工资的平均数、中位数，你认为用哪个(1)求频率分布表中a，b，c的值，并求过去30天内苹果的日平均销售量（单位：kg）（同组数据用该组区(1)根据频率分布直方图，估计该市20到80岁居民年龄的第80百分位数；100100.01010万人，⨯=万人，0.01818⨯=万人，0.02525100100.03030万人，100.01212⨯⨯=万人，⨯⨯=万人，100.0055⨯”100.4(1)求m的值，并估计此次校内测试分数的平均值x；。

2022-2023学年吉林省长春市吉大附中实验学校高一下学期期中考试化学试题

2022-2023学年吉林省长春市吉大附中实验学校高一下学期期中考试化学试题1.天然气可燃烧，它的主要成分是A．B．C．D．2.下列事实与化学反应速率无关的是A．高炉炼铁时加入石灰石B．冶炼矿石前先将矿石粉碎C．鲜肉冷藏保鲜D．生铁更易被腐蚀3.下图为番茄制作的水果电池，下列说法正确的是A．电路闭合后，电流表指针发生偏转，电能转化为化学能B．锌电极是该电池的正极，发生氧化反应C．电流由铜电极通过导线流向锌电极D．番茄电解质溶液中的阳离子向锌电极迁移4.下列能正确表示燃烧热热化学方程式的是A．B．C．D．5.下列关于硅及其化合物说法正确的是A．单晶硅是由分子构成的物质B．是良好的半导体材料C．新型陶瓷碳化硅( )可作耐高温结构材料D．硅元素在自然界中主要以游离态存在6.以下化学用语正确的是A．乙醇的分子式：B．一氯甲烷的电子式：C．正丁烷的球棍模型：D．丙烯的结构简式：7.下列反应中属于加成反应的是A．B．C．D．8.下列有机物互为同分异构体的是A．和B．和C．和D．和9.两种气态烃以任意比例混合，在105℃时1L该混合烃与10L氧气混合，充分燃烧后恢复到原状态，所得气体体积仍为11L。

下列各组混合烃中符合此条件的是A．、B．、C．、D．、10. N A是阿伏加德罗常数的值，下列说法正确的是A．乙烯和环丙烷混合气体中的氢原子数为2 N AB．苯中含有的碳碳双键的数目为3 N AC．的电子数为10 N AD．含有键的数目为N A11.下图是测定铁屑与稀硫酸反应速率的装置图(每次用相同体积的硫酸，忽略反应前后溶液体积变化)，结合已学知识分析下列相关说法中正确的是A．将稀硫酸改为浓硫酸，反应速率明显加快B．用一根导管将分液漏斗上端气体和锥形瓶内气体连通，操作更容易，结果更准确C．反应结束后，应立即读数获得产生的体积D．每次测得反应速率均先加快，后逐渐减慢，说明硫酸的浓度先增大，后减小12.反应条件与环境对化学反应会产生影响，下列说法错误的是过氧化氢不稳定，向溶液中加入少量后分解速率明显加快铜与稀硫酸不反应，而铜与向溶液中分别滴加和的溶液，观察溶液褪色所需时间过氧化氢在酸、碱条件下将高锰酸钾分别还原成、B C．C13.25℃，用盐酸与溶液进行中和反应反应热的测定。