2016年英语高考试题北京卷(含答案解析)
2016年高考英语北京卷含答案
绝密★启用前2016年普通高等学校全国招生统一考试英语（北京卷）第一部分：听力理解（共三节，30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话你将听一遍。
【A】1. What does the man want to borrow?A. A pencil.B. An eraser.C. A pen.【B】2. What is the woman doing now?A. Eating.B. Going home.C. Having group study.【C】3. What does the man have for earthquake preparation?A. A candle.B. A radio.C. A flashlight.【B】4. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. In a bank.B. In a hotel.C. In a store.【A】5. Where will the man go for his holiday?A. Brazil.B. Denmark.C. Greece.第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）听下面4段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。
听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白你将听两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
【A】6. When does the supermarket close on Sundays?A. At 5:00 pm.B. At 7:00 pm.C. At 8:00 pm.【B】7. What have the two speakers decided to do now?A. Go shopping.B. Take a walk.C. Have dinner.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
(完整版)2016年北京高考英语试题及答案
绝密★启用前2016年普通高等学校全国统一考试（北京卷)英语本试卷共16页，共150分.考试时间为120分钟.考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：听力理解（共三节：30 分）第一节（共 5 小题;每小题 1。
5 分，共 7.5 分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题,每段对话你将听一遍。
1.What does the man want to borrow？A.A pencil。
B.An eraser.C.A pen.2.What is the woman doing now？A。
Eating. B.Going home. C。
Having group study。
3。
What does the man have for earthquake preparation？A.A candle.B.A radio。
C。
A flashlight.4.Where does the conversation most probably take place?A.In a bank.B. In a hotel。
C.In a store。
5。
Where will the man go for his holiday?A。
Brazil。
B。
Denmark。
C.Greece。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,共15分)听下面4段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。
听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白你将听两遍.听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6.When does the supermarket close on Sundays?A。
2016年高考北京卷英语试题(含解析)
绝密★启用前本试卷共16 页，共150 分。
考试时长120 分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
试题总评：从整体上看难度略有提升，过渡较平稳。
试题重点突出，命题思路清晰，重视对思维能力和全面文化素质的考查，强调交际运用。
整套试卷很好地体现了语言教学的特色：既融合语言及情感、又兼顾知识与能力。
一、语法部分难度适中，注重基础知识的考查。
考点分布：时态与语态（4 道），非谓语动词（3 道），从句（5 道），虚拟语气、情态动词、并列连词（各1 道）。
二、阅读部分题材丰富，话题较贴近生活。
从完形、阅读到七选五，关注社会、自然以及自我价值的实现。
篇幅难度与2015 年北京高考基本持平，阅读题目重视细节题目的考查。
阅读D 篇是一篇议论文，篇幅较长。
文章论述了大学在培养学生自主性和认同感方面的重要性，文章有一定的难度，尤其是第70 题文章结构题。
通过第四段的“equally important”及第五段段首的“Moreover”等逻辑词可推知文章结构。
三、应用文题材新颖，综合考查了考生的日常积累能力。
谈及人物的贡献和对自己的影响时，考生有可能会遇到大量的词汇障碍，故难度较去年明显提升。
四、情景作文话题较为常规，整体难度适中。
“地球日”系列活动属于保护环境的题裁内容，对此考生并不陌生。
第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）第一节单项填空（共15 小题；每小题1 分，共15 分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例：It’s so nice to hear from her again ________, we last met more than thirty years ago.A. What’s moreB. That’s to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是D。
高考英语 必考话题分类解析 人际关系(Intrerpersonalrela
落堕市安心阳光实验学校人际关系（Intrerpersonal+relation）新课标卷II七选五，新课标卷III书面表达，江苏卷阅读理解B篇，全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解B篇、2016全国卷Ⅱ完形填空、全国卷Ⅲ阅读理解B篇、完形填空和书面表达、全国卷Ⅰ完形填空，北京卷完形填空等。
【话题词汇】1.abandon vt.抛弃，舍弃，放弃2.abuse vt.虐待；辱骂；滥用3.accompany vt.陪伴；陪同；伴奏4.acquaintance n.相识(的人)；熟人5.admirable adj.值得赞赏的；可钦佩的6.adopt vt.收养；采用；通过7.ancestor n.祖宗；祖先8.appreciate vt.欣赏；感激9.argue vi.争辩，争论10.argument n.争论，辩论11.associate vt.使联合12.attitude n.态度13.barrier n.屏障，障碍14.beneficial adj.有利的，有帮助的，有用的15.benefit n.益处，好处；v.受益；有益于16.bother vt.打扰；麻烦17.blame vt.责备，指责18.bride n.新娘19.bridegroom n.新郎20.bury v.埋葬；埋藏；遮盖21.close adj.关系亲密的；靠近的panion n.同伴；同事；伴侣plain v.抱怨；投诉24.condemn vt.谴责，指责；宣判25.conflict n.冲突26.congratulate vt.祝贺27.congratulation n.祝贺28.conscience n.良心；良知29.cooperate vi.合作30.colleague n.同事；同僚31.divorce vt.离婚32.direct v.管理；指挥33.enthusiastic adj.热情的34.familiar adj.熟悉的35.friction n.摩擦36.friendly adj.友好的37.forgive vt.原谅38.generation n.代；世代；一代人39.grateful adj.感激的40.harmony n.和睦；和谐41.harmonious adj.和谐的42.headmaster n.(中小学)校长43.headteacher n.班主任；(中小学)校长44.household n.一家人；家庭45.junior n.年幼者；低年级学生46.merciful adj.宽大的；仁慈的47.misunderstand vt.误会；不理解48.modest adj.谦虚的；谦逊的49.neighbourhood n.社区；街坊50.nephew n.侄子；外甥51.partner n.伙伴；搭档；同伴52.teenager n.青少年53.patient adj.有耐心的54.patiently adv.耐心地；有毅力地55.politely adv.礼貌地56.precious adj.珍贵的57.prejudice n.偏见，成见58.private adj.私人的；个人的；私有的；不公开的；秘密的；私立的59.promote vt.促进；提升60.quarrel n. vi.争吵；吵架61.relative n.亲戚62.relationship n.关系63.reliable adj.可信赖的，可靠的64.respect vt.尊重；尊敬65.respectful adj.恭敬的，有礼貌的66.senior n.年长者；高年级学生67.separate v.使分离，分开68.share vt.分享；合用；分摊；n.股份；份额69.sincere adj.真诚的70.tension n.紧张局势71.tolerance n.忍受72.treat vt. vi.治疗；对待；n.款待1.a lack of understanding缺乏理解2.be concerned for/about对……担心/关心3.be familiar to为……所熟悉4.be in harmony with...与……和谐相处/协调5.be on good terms(与某人)关系好6.be tolerant with包容7.be to blame应受责备8.break up分手；解散；结束9.bring up养育；抚养；教育10.care for喜欢11.depend/rely on依靠，相信，信赖12.fit in with与……相适应/合得来13.get on/along well with sb.与某人相处融洽14.get in touch with与……取得联系15.go wrong出毛病；失败16.have...in common有共同之处17.have words with与……发生口角18.keep cool保持冷静19.keep in touch with与……保持联系20.look down upon/on鄙视，看不起21.make up和解22.share feelings and ideas with与……分享情感和想法23.show respect for尊重24.split up分开；分手1.＂only＋状语＂位于句首引起的部分倒装Only in these ways can we win other’s respect and friendship.只有通过这些方式我们才能赢得别人的尊重与友谊。
【辉哥审校】动词的时态和语态及情态动词-2016年高考+联考模拟英语试题分项版解析(原卷版)
2016年高考试题及模拟题分项解析之专题2动词的时态和语态及情态动词老师叮咛：所谓聪明都是小聪明，而真正的智慧呢，就是能够学会去发现各种规律，君子性非异也，善假于各种规律也。
无论我们学了多少知识，只是我们知道的，能否成为自己的就看联系，下面有关时态语态的练习非常重要，经过了全网首席高考英语名师李辉老师团队高度认真整理校对，无错、可信！可供全网各省高中生打印、学习、背诵！1. 【2016·北京】Jack________in the lab when the power cut occurred.A. WorksB. has workedC. was workingD. would work2. 【2016·北京】—Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for?—The new Star Wars. We________here for more than two hours.A. waitedB. waitC. would be waitingD. have been waiting3. 【2016·北京】I________half of the English novel, and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend.A. readB. have readC. am readingD. will read4. 【2016·北京】The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts________with success in the end.A. rewardedB. were rewardedC. will rewardD. will be rewarded5. 【2016·北京】I love the weekend, because I________get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.A. needn’tB. mustn’tC. wouldn’tD. shouldn’t6. 【2016·北京】Why did not you tell me about your trouble last week? If you________me, I could have helped.A. toldB. had toldC. were to tellD. would tell7. 【2016·江苏】More efforts, as reported,________in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform.A. are madeB. will be madeC. are being madeD. have been made8. 【2016·江苏】If it for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.A. had not beenB. should not beC. were not to beD.should not have been9. 【2016·江苏】Dashan, who________crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition.A. will be learningB. is learningC. had been learningD. has been learning10. 【2016·天津】When walking down the street, I came across David, when I________for years.A. didn’t seeB. haven’t seenC. hadn’t seenD. wouldn’t see11. 【2016·天津】It was really annoying; I________get access to the data bank you had recommended.A. wouldn’tB. couldn’tC. shouldn’tD. needn’t12. 【2016·天津】I was wearing a seat belt. If I hadn’t been wearing one, I________.A. were injuredB. would be injuredC. had been injuredD. would have been injured13. 【2016·浙江】Silk________one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.A. had becomeB. was becomingC. has becomeD. is becoming14. 【2016·浙江】Had the governments and scientists not worked together, AIDS-relateddeaths________since their highest in 2005.A. had not fallenB. would not fallC. did not fallD. would not have fallen15. 【2016·浙江】George________too far . His coffee is still warm.A. must have goneB. might have goneC. can't have goneD. needn't have gone16. 【浙江省宁波市效实中学等十校2016届高三3月联考】—What if I had parked my car here just now?—What luck! You________.A. would have been finedB. should be finedC. would be finedD. must have been fined17. 【浙江省宁波市效实中学等十校2016届高三3月联考】—Excuse me, but I want to use your computerto search for some information.—You________have my computer if you don’t take care of it.A. needn’tB. shan’tC. shouldn’tD. mightn’t18. 【天津市红桥区重点中学2016届高三下学期八校联考】—Mike went to the hos p ital alone.—If he________me about it, I would have gone with himshould tellA.tellingB. toldC.had toldD. tells19. 【天津市红桥区重点中学2016届高三下学期八校联考】A traffic regulation released in a foreign country states that passengers sharing a car with a drunken driver________be punished together with the driver himself.A. shallB. mustC. canD. will20. 【天津市红桥区重点中学2016届高三下学期八校联考】—Have you persuaded him?—Yes. After hours of discussion, I________to reason him into accepting the new plan.A. managedB. would manageC. have managedD. had managed21.【北京市海淀区2016届高三下学期期末考试（二模）】The Dragon Boat Festival________the beginning of the hottest season of the year.A. is markingB. marksC. will markD. marked22.【北京市海淀区2016届高三下学期期末考试（二模）】I________my cellphone last night. Now the battery is running out.A. could have chargedB. might chargeC. should have chargedD. would charge23.【北京市海淀区2016届高三下学期期末考试（二模）】—Let’s go to the cinema this Sunday morning.—I’d love to, but I________as a volunteer in my community then.A. will workB. have workedC. will be workingD. was working24.【北京市海淀区2016届高三下学期期末考试（二模）】Mrs. Green treats her students as if they________her children.A. areB. wereC. had beenD. would be25. 【北京市朝阳区2016届高三第二次(5月)综合练习】You________worry about me. I’ve decided to joina local health club.A. mustn’tB. can’tC. needn’tD. dare not26. 【北京市朝阳区2016届高三第二次（5月）综合练习】—Have you asked Peter for advice?—No, he________someone, so I didn’t disturb him.A. is talking withB. has talked withC. was talking withD. had talked with27. 【北京市朝阳区2016届高三第二次（5月）综合练习】Social and cultural activities for senior citizens________over the past several years.A. conductedB. were conductedC. have conductedD. have been conducted28. 【北京市朝阳区2016届高三第二次（5月）综合练习】The driver was really careless, otherwise the traffic accident________.A. didn’t happenB. hadn’t happenedC. wouldn’t happenD. wouldn’t have happened29. 【北京市朝阳区2016届高三第二次（5月）综合练习】Wait a moment. The director________her assistant pick up some sandwiches for the meeting.A. hasB. has hadC. had hadD. was having30.【江苏省苏锡常镇四市2016届高三教学情况调研（二）】—How can I live my dreams in a short time?—Be practical. Between you and your dreams________a lot of hard work.A. standB. standsC. is standingD. are standing（本资料部分内容来源于网络，版权归原作者所有。
2016年高考北京卷英语试题试卷分析
2016年高考北京卷英语试题试卷分析一、三个坚持2016高考北京卷英语试题继续坚持三个依据的命题思路；坚持语言学习功能性考查，学以致用，体现工具性、交际性、应用性学科特点；坚持对全体学生的综合语言运用能力的考查。
全卷结构清晰，难度适中，区分有度，学科定位恰当，为考生展示不同阶段的学科学习积累和综合素养搭建了一个公平、科学、客观的评价平台。
二、两点创新试卷的创新之一是全卷的阅读信息量加大,使全卷更清晰地体现出高考评价的基础性、综合性、选拔性，强调基础、关注技能和方法，也着力对考生分析问题，解决问题的思维能力的考查。
创新之二在语言材料的甄选上题材更加丰富和广泛，体裁多样，语言真实地道，且注重语言承载知识、文化，激励学生学习成长和未来发展视野；在内容、形式和主题上渗透社会主义核心价值观和传播中国优秀的传统文化，跨学科知识理解及跨文化学习和体验，内涵深刻，富有教育意义。
三、一个积极导向2016年高考北京卷试题在扩大阅读量、扩展阅读范围、深入理解和思维力度上给予积极导向和引领。
这将有利于未来高中英语教学中培养学生学科核心素养，有利于推动英语教育教学的“全面育人，终身发展”，也有利于英语课程改革健康发展。
单项选择、完型填空点评专家张国雁：北京第九中学一单项选择此部分对英语语法进行了较为全面的考查。
在有限的15道题中，尽可能全面地覆盖了《课程标准》和《考试说明》中所要求掌握的语法项目，注重考查基础知识、基本技能，避免“偏、难、怪”的题目，难度适中。
主要特点：1、注重基础知识考查，重点突出。
试题的考查内容与教学中各部分内容比例相适宜。
突出主干知识，保持主干知识（动词及从句）考查，不钻死角,没有偏、难、怪的题目出现。
2、语法知识考查语用化，给语言知识赋予真实的语境。
试题题干所提供的语境充分，贴近现实，贴近生活，注重考查学生在真实语境中运用语法知识的能力，体现了语言的交际性与应用性。
避免了孤立考查知识点或对知识点的机械记忆现象的出现。
(完整版)近五年高考语法真题专练：非谓语动词(含解析)(可编辑修改word版)
近五年高考语法真题专练：非谓语动词（含解析）2018 年高考题【2018·北京】3. along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experienceA. TravelB. TravelingC. Having traveledD. Traveled【答案】B【解析】考查动名词。
句意：沿着丝绸之路旅行是一次既有趣又有益的经历。
“along the old Silk Road”做主语，要用动名词，故B 选项正确。
【2018·北京】10. Ordinary soap, correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.A. usedB. to useC. usingD. use【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意：如果正确使用的话，普通的肥皂可以有效地处理细菌。
Ordinary soap can deal with bacterial effectively 是主句，correctly 是条件状语，修饰ordinary soap，ordinary soap 和use 之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词，A 选项正确。
【2018·天津】12. I didn't mean anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help it.A. to eat；to tryB. eating；tryingC. eating；to tryD. to eat；trying【答案】D【解析】考查短语固定搭配。
句意：我不打算吃任何东西，但冰淇淋看起来如此的好以至于我忍不住的要试一试。
固定短语短语mean to do（打算做），couldn’t help doing 忍不住做。
故选D。
【2018·天津】7. I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs .A. takingB. takenC. being takenD. take【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。
2024年北京高考英语试卷(附答案)
2024年北京高考英语试卷（附答案）英语第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题 1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
I’d just arrived at school,ready for another school day.I was reading a book in the classroom when there was an___1___.“Today at1:10there will be auditions(面试)for a musical.”My friends all jumped up in excitement and asked me,“Will you be going,Amy?”“Sure,”I said.I had no___2___in drama,but I’d try out because my friends were doing it.At1:10,there was a___3___outside the drama room.Everyone looked energetic.I hadn’t expected I’d be standing there that morning.But now that I was doing it,I___4___felt nervous.What if I wasn’t any good?I entered the room and the teachers made me say some lines from the musical.They then___5___my singing skills and asked what role I wanted to play.The teachers were smiling and praising me.I felt like I had a___6___, so I said,“A big role.”They said they’d look into it.I started getting really nervous.What if I didn’t get a main role?Soon,the cast list was___7___.My friends checked and came back shouting,“Amy,you got the main role!”Sure enough,my name was at the top.I just stared at it and started to___8___.I was so happy.After two months we were all prepared and ready to go on stage.It was fun.And when people started___9___, that gave me a boost of confidence.It stayed with me and made me feel___10___.I realised that by trying something new,I can have fun—even if it means stepping out of my comfort zone.1.A.assignment B.initiative C.announcement D.interview2.A.hesitancy B.interest C.worry D.regret3.A.game B.show C.play D.line4.A.suddenly B.continuously C.originally D.generally5.A.advertised B.tested C.challenged D.polished6.A.demand B.credit C.dream D.chance7.A.traded B.posted C.questioned D.claimed8.A.well up B.roll in C.stand out D.go off9.A.whispering B.arguing C.clapping D.stretching10.A.funnier B.fairer C.cleverer D.braver【答案】1.C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.B 6.D7.B8.A9.C10.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。
2016年高考真题听力试题+答案+原文(北京卷)
2016年普通高等学校全国统一考试（北京卷）英语本试卷共16页，共150分。
考试时间为120分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：听力理解（共三节：30 分）第一节（共5 小题；每小题1.5 分，共7.5 分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话你将听一遍。
1.What does the man want to borrow?A.A pencil.B.An eraser.C.A pen.2.What is the woman doing now?A.Eating.B.Going home.C.Having group study.3.What does the man have for earthquake preparation?A.A candle.B.A radio.C.A flashlight.4.Where does the conversation most probably take place?A.In a bank.B. In a hotel.C.In a store.5.Where will the man go for his holiday?A.Brazil.B.Denmark.C.Greece.第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）听下面4段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。
听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白你将听两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6.When does the supermarket close on Sundays?A.At 5:00 pm.B.At 7:00 pm.C. At 8:00 pm.7.What have the two speakers decided to do now?A.Go shopping.B.Take a walk.C.Have dinner听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
2019年北京卷《英语》高考真题文档版及解析答案(精准版)
2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）英语（考试时间：100分钟试卷满分：120分）考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）第一节语法填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
AOn the first day of my first grade,I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach.I1（voice）my biggest concern to my mother.＂How will I make friends?＂She handed me advice.＂Be yourself.＂For the past20years.I have lived by these words.Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world.Nervously2（face）challenges,I know I will whisper to3（I）the two simple words＂Be yourself＂.BEarth Day,4（mark）on22April,is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection.First celebrated51970,the Day now includes events in more than190countries and regions（地区）.No matter what you like to do,there is a way to get involved in various6（activity）on Earth Day.You can plant a tree,make a meal with locally grown vegetables,or save power—the possibilities are endless.CDoes the name of the college you attend really matter?Research on the question7（suggest）that,for most students,it doesn’t.What students do at college seems to matter much more than8they go.The students benefitting most from college are those9are totally engaged（参与）in academic life,taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources（资源）.Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend,and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthyand10（meaning）college experience.第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
高考北京卷英语及参考答案解析(精选3篇)
高考北京卷英语及参考答案解析(精选3篇)高考北京卷英语及参考答案解析篇1第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
【1~10题答案】【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. B第二节(共15分)A【11~13题答案】【答案】11. would throw12#FormatImgID_5# exactly13. had arrivedB【14~16题答案】【答案】14. seen15. cities 16. has establishedC【17~20题答案】【答案】17. to 18. where19. to address20. facing第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
【21~23题答案】【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B【24~27题答案】【答案】24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C【28~30题答案】【答案】28. D 29. C 30. A【31~34题答案】【答案】31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D第二节(共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
【35~39题答案】【答案】35. D 36. F 37. G 38. B 39. C第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4题;第(1)、(2)题各2分，第(3)题3分，第(4)题5分，共12分)【40~43题答案】【答案】40. Habits are built through learning and repetition.41. A routine involves repeated behaviour while a habit is a deep ﹣rooted urge.42. Picking up a new habit takes a few week, while building a healthy habit takes a shorter time. Because building a healthy habit takes many months.43. I have a good habit of going to bed early and getting up early. Therefore, I can study energetically every morning, which makes me study efficiently. Also, I am very healthy.第二节(20分)【44题答案】【答案】Dear Jim,Hearing that you are planning a club activity with the theme of “Green Beijing” and need my help, I am writing to offer you my suggestions.I think you can carry out this activity in an interactive and experiential manner, which means students can participate and have a better understanding of “Green Beijing” through getting involved in different activities by themselves. You can showcase garbageclassification on site, plant trees and publicize sharing economy, which will all fit into the theme of “Green Beijing”.Hopefully, you will get some inspiration from my suggestions. Wish you success.Yours,Li Hua高考北京卷英语及参考答案解析篇2一、高考英语听力英语听力应试技巧与策略听前：略读题目，切入话题，划出重点，预测内容(确定人物身份)听中：捕捉信息，速记要点，有的放矢，去伪存真(短文独白，首末为主旨句，注意5W,1H)听后：连贯记忆，前后联系，综合考虑，一锤定音。
历年英语高考真题试卷
历年英语高考真题试卷英语作为一门普及性较广的外语，一直是各个考试以及学校教学中的必考科目。
而对于高中生们来说，英语高考更是一个重要的分水岭，直接影响着他们未来的发展道路。
历年英语高考试题也成为了许多考生备战的重要资料，通过对历年高考试题的研究，考生们可以更好地了解考试内容和考试形式，从而有针对性地进行复习和练习，提高英语水平和应试能力。
历年英语高考试题的种类多样，涵盖了听力、阅读、写作等多个方面，下面将以不同的形式展现历年英语高考试题的部分内容，以供考生们参考和练习。
第一部分：听力1. (2018年全国卷I Section A)What is the man's favorite sport?A. GolfB. TennisC. Baseball2. (2017年全国卷I Section B)What is the woman doing?A. Making a cake.B. Singing a song.C. Doing some shopping.3. (2016年全国卷II Section A)What time is it now?A. 3:45B. 4:00C. 4:15通过听力练习，考生们可以熟悉不同的英语口音和语速，提高自己的听力水平，更好地理解并回答问题。
第二部分：阅读理解阅读理解是英语高考试题的重要部分，考生需要通过阅读文章内容，理解文章主旨和细节，然后回答相关问题。
(2015年北京卷 Section B)Have you ever faced any embarrassing situations? Are you familiar with awkward pauses during a conversation? Don't worry, we're all in this together! If you feel nervous or embarrassed around someone, there are afew things you can try.First, allow yourself to feel embarrassed and recognize that it is normalto do so. Instead of pretending nothing happened, smile to show that you are okay with what happened. By showing that you are comfortable with your own body, you can help yourself relax.Second, keep active control of the situation. You can make a joke out of your mistakes, or just say something simple to break the tension. It's very likely that the other person will laugh and say something cheerful, and the tension between you will break.Third, try not to be upset for long, but learn from the experience, even ifit's funny. If you can laugh at yourself, other people will see that you are friendly and not afraid to make mistakes. Everyone can feel nervous or embarrassed, but with practice, you can overcome it.For the questions:56. We can learn from the passage that _______ means you care about your own feelings.A. showing embarrassmentB. showing controlC. making mistakesD. feeling nervous57. Which of the following is suggested in the passage when we feel embarrassed?A. Smile to show you are comfortable with what happened.B. Pretend nothing happened.C. Ignore the other person.D. Keep quiet58. What can break the tension between people, according to the passage?A. SmilingB. Staying quietC. Making mistakesD. Breaking the situation在阅读理解的过程中，考生们不仅可以提高对文章内容的理解能力，更可以锻炼自己的逻辑思维和判断能力，帮助他们更好地回答问题和解决问题。
2023年北京市高考英语试卷(真题、答案与解析)
2023年北京市高考英语试卷第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I was always timid(羞怯的).Being new to the school made me even____1____,so it was surprising I’d____2____to anyone around me.Now I was paying the price﹣to write a five﹣page essay on“Why I Should Not Talk in Class”.That would take all night!After I got home,though.I took my time petting the cat﹣postponing the pain.When I finally sat down to____3____,I began with the reasons Ms Black would want to hear.Talking kept me and my neighbours from____4____.One paragraph down;now what?I chewed on my pencil.Aha!What if talking were the first step towards life as a criminal?Without the education I was throwing away,I’d turn to theft and go to prison.When I got out,people would say,“She used to talk in class.”The pages began____5____.But when mum got home from work,I was still____6____,“Five pages!That’s impossible!”“Well,you’d better get back to work,”she said.“and I want to read it when you’re through.”Soon after dinner,I handed the essay to mum.I half expected a____7____﹣at least an“I hope you’ve learned your lesson”.____8____,mum laughed and laughed as she read.The next day,when Ms Black read the essay to the class,everyone laughed.I could____9____they weren’t making fun of me:they laughed because I had the power to tell a funny story.My____10____still needed some nudging(激发),but I did learn I wasn’t shy in print.1.A.freer B.shyer C.calmer D.happier2.A.nod B.point C.listen D.chat3.A.weep B.rest C.write D.read4.A.learning B.playing C.planning ughing5.A.standing out B.flying by C.breaking up D.checking in6.A.celebrating B.longing plaining D.warning7.A.lecture B.reason C.reward D.solution8.A.Therefore B.Moreover C.Meanwhile D.Instead9.A.hope B.imagine C.tell D.predict10.A.patience B.confidence C.tolerance D.independence第二节(共15分)A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。
2024年高考真题——英语(北京卷)含答案
2024年普通高等学校招生高考真题全国统一考试(北京卷)英语（答案在最后）第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题 1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
I’d just arrived at school,ready for another school day.I was reading a book in the classroom when there was an___1___.“Today at1:10there will be auditions(面试)for a musical.”My friends all jumped up in excitement and asked me,“Will you be going,Amy?”“Sure,”I said.I had no___2___in drama,but I’d try out because my friends were doing it.At1:10,there was a___3___outside the drama room.Everyone looked energetic.I hadn’t expected I’d be standing there that morning.But now that I was doing it,I___4___felt nervous.What if I wasn’t any good?I entered the room and the teachers made me say some lines from the musical.They then___5___my singing skills and asked what role I wanted to play.The teachers were smiling and praising me.I felt like I had a___6___,so I said,“A big role.”They said they’d look into it.I started getting really nervous.What if I didn’t get a main role?Soon,the cast list was___7___.My friends checked and came back shouting,“Amy,you got the main role!”Sure enough,my name was at the top.I just stared at it and started to___8___.I was so happy.After two months we were all prepared and ready to go on stage.It was fun.And when people started___9___,that gave me a boost of confidence.It stayed with me and made me feel___10___.I realised that by trying something new,I can have fun—even if it means stepping out of my comfort zone.1.A.assignment B.initiative C.announcement D.interview2.A.hesitancy B.interest C.worry D.regret3.A.game B.show C.play D.line4.A.suddenly B.continuously C.originally D.generally5.A.advertised B.tested C.challenged D.polished6.A.demand B.credit C.dream D.chance7.A.traded B.posted C.questioned D.claimed8.A.well up B.roll in C.stand out D.go off9.A.whispering B.arguing C.clapping D.stretching10.A.funnier B.fairer C.cleverer D.braver【答案】1.C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.B 6.D7.B8.A9.C10.D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。
专题07 虚拟语气(真题解析)-备考2021年高考英语语法分类讲解+十年真题解析
1.【2019江苏卷】What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _________a good time together.A. hadB. will haveC. would have hadD. had had【答案】C句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光, 否则, 我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。
根据上文, 可知是对过去事情的虚拟, 与过去事实相反的假设。
其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他, 主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他, 故选C。
2.【2019·天津卷】The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ____________ the task in half the time.A. accomplishedB. had accomplishedC. would accomplishD. would have accomplished 【答案】D句意：工人们没有被更好的组织起来, 否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。
根据上句the workers were not better organized可知, 这是对过去事情的虚拟。
与过去事实相反的假设。
其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他, 主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他, 故选D。
3.【2018江苏】It’s strange that he _______ have taken the books without the owner’s permission.A. wouldB. shouldC. couldD. might【答案】B句意：真奇怪, 他竟然没有主人的允许就拿走了这些书。
在句型”It isimportant/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that...”中, 其中由that引导的主语从句通常用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气, 其中的should可以省略。
2016年高考英语北京卷-答案
2016年普通高等学校全国统一考试（北京卷）英语答案解析第一部分听力理解第一节1.【答案】A【解析】原文：M: Oh, I forgot to bring a pencil again. Do you have an extra one?W: Sorry, I don't. I have a couple of pens though. Will that work?M: Probably not. I need to be able to erase my work. Thanks anyway.W: Ask Steve. He might have a pencil.2.【答案】B【解析】原文：M: Where are you heading in such a hurry?W: I'm heading home.M: Are we still going to have group study tonight?W: Yeah. I'm just going home to have something to eat. Then, I'll be back.M: OK. See you then.3.【答案】C【解析】原文：W: Jim, did you feel the earthquake last night?M: Oh, yeah. Of course.W: Are you prepared for a bigger one?M: No, not really.W: Well, you should have something ready, just in case like a portable radio, a flashlight and some kindles and matches.M: Oh, I'll just have a flashlight.4.【答案】B【解析】原文：W: Good afternoon. Can I help you?M: Good afternoon. I'd like to book a room with a double bed．W: Wait a minute. Sorry, we have no rooms like that now, but we have a room with a single bed．Is that OK? M: I guess I'll have to take that room.5.【答案】A【解析】原文：W: Where are you going for your holiday? Will you go to Greece as usual?M: My parents want to go somewhere different this time. So they've booked a holiday in Brazil.W: It sounds nice.M: Although I'd like to go to Denmark, I have to go with my parents第二节6.【答案】A7.【答案】B【解析】原文：W: Jeff, I'm going to the supermarket. Do you want to come with me?M: I think the supermarket is close now.W: Oh, when does it close?M: It closes at 5p.m. on Sundays.W: That's too bad．M: Don't worry. We can go tomorrow morning. It opens at 8: 00 am.W: All right. What shall we do now?M: Let's take a walk first. My sister will get here at about 7: 00 pm and then we can go out to dinner together. W: OK, let's go.8.【答案】A9.【答案】C【解析】原文：W: Rosette Ticket Office. Can I help you?M: Yes. I'd like to reserve a round trip to London next week.W: When do you plan to leave?M: On March the 12th.W: Well, there are two flights to London that day. At ten am and nine pm. Which one do you prefer?M: I'd like to leave at 9pm. It's more convenient for me.W: That will be a BA flight.M: OK.W: When would you like to fly back?M: On March the 22nd．Er... how much will it be?W: 600 dollars.M: That sounds good．W: Well, I'll book the seats for you right away. And if you want to make a change, please call me before March the 10th.M: OK.10.【答案】C11.【答案】B12.【答案】B【解析】原文：M: Hello, Mary. We've decided to put you in the dress department.W: Oh, that’s great.M: Now, you work five days a week. We are closed on Wednesday and Sunday.W: Do we get overtime for Saturday?M: Well, actually, we offer an extra four dollars an hour.W: What are my duties?M: Apart from serving the customers, you'll also do the window dressing.W: Great. I'll enjoy that. Em, what about vacation?M: Well, it's two weeks in the first two years and rises to four weeks in your third year with us.W: Do I have on the job training?M: We do give you on the job training, once every month during normal hours. So, you’ll be paid for that.W: Will that be on a set date?M: Yes, the first Tuesday of every month.W: Great! M: Anything else?W: No, thank you.13.【答案】C14.【答案】A【解析】原文：Hello, everyone. I’ve got something to tell you, so please listen carefully. There are some changes in the timetable for today. You start with English as usual, then Business Studies and after the break, History and Art. Because of the changes in the timetable, your Business Studies this morning won’t be in Room 313. Instead, it’ll be in Room 303. Now, the changes in after-school activities this week. The debating group will meet today. There’s handball practice on Thursday, that’s tomorrow, for those of you who want to get into the school team. And on Friday, the music group will meet to prepare for the school performance. Finally, let’s see, who is on duty today. George, it’s your turn, right?第三节16.【答案】1211/12﹣11/Twelve﹣Eleven/twelve﹣eleven/Twelve﹣eleven/TWELVE﹣ELEVEN17.【答案】Hogarth/HOGARTH18.【答案】taxi19.【答案】Tower/TOWER20.【答案】outside【解析】原文：W: Front desk. Good evening. Can I help you?M: Hello. This is Mr. Hogarth, in Room 1211. Would you arrange a taxi for me for tomorrow afternoon?W: No problem. Where do you want the taxi to take you?M: Well, I have a business meeting at 2: 00 at the MQ Tower.W: It’s only a 20-minute drive and the traffic will be good at that time.M: Then 1: 30 will be fine. No, make it 1: 20, to be on the safe side.W: OK. Would you like to order a taxi for your return?M: Good idea! Could you make sure the taxi will be waiting for me outside at 8: 00 pm.W: Don’t worry. We’ll take care of that. Your telephone number?M: 612933120 97W: Your name again?M: George Hogarth, Room 1211.W: The taxi should arrive at the hotel at 1: 20 pm. and should be waiting for you outside the MQ Tower at 8: 00 pm. Am I right.M: Yes, thank you第二部分知识运用第一节单项填空【解析】根据句意，杰克正在实验室里工作突然发生了停电。
2024年高考真题英语(北京卷)含参考答案
2024年普通高等学校招生高考真题全国统一考试（北京卷）英语（含参考答案）第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题 1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
I’d just arrived at school,ready for another school day.I was reading a book in the classroom when there was an ___1___.“Today at1:10there will be auditions(面试)for a musical.”My friends all jumped up in excitement and asked me,“Will you be going,Amy?”“Sure,”I said.I had no___2___in drama,but I’d try out because my friends were doing it.At1:10,there was a___3___outside the drama room.Everyone looked energetic.I hadn’t expected I’d be standing there that morning.But now that I was doing it,I___4___felt nervous.What if I wasn’t any good?I entered the room and the teachers made me say some lines from the musical.They then___5___my singing skills and asked what role I wanted to play.The teachers were smiling and praising me.I felt like I had a___6___,so I said,“A big role.”They said they’d look into it.I started getting really nervous.What if I didn’t get a main role?Soon,the cast list was___7___.My friends checked and came back shouting,“Amy,you got the main role!”Sure enough,my name was at the top.I just stared at it and started to___8___.I was so happy.After two months we were all prepared and ready to go on stage.It was fun.And when people started___9___,that gave me a boost of confidence.It stayed with me and made me feel___10___.I realised that by trying something new,I can have fun—even if it means stepping out of my comfort zone.1.A.assignment B.initiative C.announcement D.interview2.A.hesitancy B.interest C.worry D.regret3.A.game B.show C.play D.line4.A.suddenly B.continuously C.originally D.generally5.A.advertised B.tested C.challenged D.polished6.A.demand B.credit C.dream D.chance7.A.traded B.posted C.questioned D.claimed8.A.well up B.roll in C.stand out D.go off9.A.whispering B.arguing C.clapping D.stretching10.A.funnier B.fairer C.cleverer D.braver第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。
2016年全国各地高考英语试卷：完形填空汇编(9篇-含解析)
2016年全国高考英语试卷之完形填空汇编（9篇：新课标1、2、3，北京，四川，浙江，江苏,天津，上海）新课标Ⅰ卷A Heroic DriverLarry works with Transport Drivers。
Inc。
One morning in 2009。
Larry was __41__along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42 . Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. 43 he got closer, he found 44 vehicle upside down on the road。
One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under the 46 vehicle。
Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extinguisher (灭火器）. Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out。
The man who had his bright lights on 48 and told Larry he had 49 an emergency call. They 50 heard a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked （毁坏的) vehicle。
51 the vehicle，they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay 52 until the emergency personnel arrived，53 she thought the car was going to 54 。
2023年北京市高考英语试卷-(答案与解析)
2023年北京市高考英语试卷-(答案与解析) 2023年北京市高考英语试卷-答案与解析第一部分听力(共20小题)1. A. Relaxing at home.B. Taking a break.C. Doing some exercises.D. Finishing her work.解析：答案是C，通过听到一句女士在解释她现在在做什么，描述了她正在锻炼身体。
2. A. She missed the party.B. The breakfast was delicious.C. She arrived late for breakfast.D. The man didn't have breakfast.解析：答案是C，通过听到女士说她现在没时间吃早餐，说明她来得晚。
...第二部分阅读理解(共15小题)Passage 1根据文章内容，选择正确答案。
1. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The benefits of hiking.B. The beauty of national parks.C. The history of national parks.D. The importance of nature conservation.解析：答案是B，通过文章描述了美国国家公园的美丽之处，主题是国家公园的美。
2. Which national park has the largest number of visitors?A. Yosemite National Park.B. Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park.C. Olympic National Park.D. Great Smoky Mountains National Park.解析：答案是D，通过文章提到大烟山国家公园每年拥有800万游客，说明它的游客人数最多。
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2016年普通高等学校全国招生统一考试（北京卷）英语本试卷共16页，共150分。
考试时长120分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）第一节单项填空（共15 小题；每小题1 分，共15 分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例：It’s so nice to hear from her again ________, we last met more than thirty years ago.A. What’s moreB. That’s to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是D。
21. Jack ________ in the lab when the power cut occurred.A. worksB. has workedC. was workingD. would work22. I live next door to a couple ________ children often make a lot of noise.A. whoseB. whyC. whereD. which23. —Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for?—The new Star Wars. We ________ here for more than two hours.A. waitedB. waitC. would be waitingD. have been waiting24. Your support is important to our work. ________ you can do helps.A. HoweverB. WhoeverC. WhateverD. Wherever25. I ________ half of the English novel, and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend.A. readB. have readC. am readingD. will read26. ________ it easier to get in touch with us, you’d better keep this card at hand.A. MadeB. MakeC. MakingD. To make27. My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, ________ he’s in his nineties.A. as long asB. as ifC. even thoughD. in case28. ________ over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.A. OrderingB. To orderC. Having orderedD. Ordered29. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________ one can be entirely free from dust.A. whatB. thatC. whetherD. why30. The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts ________ with success in the end.A. rewardedB. were rewardedC. will rewardD. will be rewarded31. I love the weekend, because I ________ get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.A. needn’tB. mustn’tC. wouldn’tD. shouldn’t32. Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, ________ the old town into a dreamland.A. turnB. turningC. to turnD. turned33. I really enjoy listening to music ________ it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.A. becauseB. beforeC. unlessD. until34. Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you ________ me, I could have helped.A. toldB. had toldC. were to tellD. would tell35. I am not afraid of tomorrow, ________ I have seen yesterday and I love today.A. soB. andC. forD. but第二节完形填空（共20 小题；每小题1.5 分，共30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A Race Against DeathIt was a cold January in 1925 in Nome, Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.On the 20th of that month, Dr. Welch 36 a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria,a deadly infectious(传染的) disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be37 if it struck the town. Dr. Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. 38 , the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage.How could the medicine get to Nome? The town’s 39 was already full of ice, so itcouldn’t come by ship. Cars and horses couldn’t travel on the 40 roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didn’t exist yet.41 January 26, Billy and three other children had died. Twenty more were 42 . Nome’s town officials came up with a(n) 43 . They would have the medicine sent by 44 from Anchorage to Nenana. From there, dogsled(狗拉雪橇) drivers—known as “mushers”—would 45 it to Nome in a relay(接力).The race began on January 27. The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night. 46 he handed the medicine to the next musher, Shannon’s face was black from the extreme cold.On January 31, a musher named Seppala had to 47 a frozen body of water called Norton Sound. It was the most 48 part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice, which could sometimes break up without warning. If that happened, Seppala might fall into the icy water below. He would 49 , and so would the sick children of Nome. But Seppala made it across.A huge snowstorm hit on February 1. A musher named Kaasen had to brave this storm. At one point, huge piles of snow blocked his 50 . He had to leave the trail (雪橇痕迹)to get around them. Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to 51 the trail again. The only hope was Balto, Kaasen’s lead dog. Balto put his nose to the ground, 52 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. If Balto failed, it would mean disaster for Nome. The minutes passed by. Suddenly, Balto began to 53 . He had found the trail.At 5:30 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dog 54 in Nome. Within minutes, Dr. Welch had the medicine. He quickly gave it to the sick children. All of them recovered.Nome had been 55 .36. A. examined B. warned C. interviewed D. cured37. A. harmless B. helpless C. fearless D. careless38. A. Moreover B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. However39. A. airport B. station C. harbor D. border40. A. narrow B. snowy C. busy D. dirty41. A. From B. On C. By D. After42. A. tired B. upset C. pale D. sick43. A. plan B. excuse C. message D. topic44. A. air B. rail C. sea D. road45. A. carry B. return C. mail D. give46. A. Though B. Since C. When D. If47. A. enter B. move C. visit D. cross48. A. shameful B. boring C. dangerous D. foolish49. A. escape B. bleed C. swim D. die50. A. memory B. exit C. way D. destination51. A. find B. fix C. pass D. change52. A. pretending B. trying C. asking D. learning53. A. run B. leave C. bite D. play54. A. gathered B. stayed C. camped D. arrived55. A. controlled B. saved C. founded D. developed第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分）第一节（共15 小题；每小题2 分，共30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。