高一英语期末综合复习题(一)

于对市爱美阳光实验学校高一英语期末综合复习题〔一〕【同步信息】一. 本周教学内容期末综合复习题〔一〕高一第一学期除复习已学过的直接宾语和间接宾语以及各种时态的被动语态外，其中重要的语法工程为语从句，下面仅就语从句做一详细的复习。

语从句：在复合修饰名词或代词的从句叫语从句。

被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

引导语从句的关系代词有who , whom , whose , which , that和关系副词where , when , why。

关系代词和关系副词在语从担任句子成分。

1. 由who , whom , whose引导的语从句。

这类语从who用作主语，whom作宾语，whose作语。

例如：This is the man who helped me .The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room .Do you know the man whose name is Wang Yu ?在语从，假设先行词指人，其关系代词可用who , whom , 也可用that。

例如：The girl who〔that〕is speaking at the meeting is our monitor . 正在会上发言的那个女孩子是我们的班长。

在以下情况下多用或须用who。

〔1〕关系代词在从作主语时，多用who。

Do you know the man who spoke just now ? 刚刚发言的人你认识吗？The doctor who treated me was very experienced . 给我治病的医生是很有经验的。

〔2〕先行词为all , anyone , one , ones时，多用who。

All who heard the news were excited . 所有听到这消息的人都感到没奋。

Anyone who breaks the rule will be punished . 任何破坏法规的人将要受到处分。

〔3〕先行词为those和people时，多用who。

Those who want to go please sign their names here . 想去的人请在这里签名。

People who can see sometimes act just as foolishly . 有时候，眼睛看得见的人也会做出同样的蠢事。

〔4〕在非限制性语从须用who。

T om’s father , who is over sixty , still works hard . 汤姆的父亲已年过六旬，依然努力工作着。

Mr Green , whom you saw in the library yesterday , will teach us physics next term .格林先生，你昨天在图书馆见过他，下学期将教我们物理。

〔5〕在被分隔的语从须用who。

A new teacher will come tomorrow who will teach you German . 教你们德语的教师来。

〔6〕在以there be开头的句子中多用who。

There is a stranger who wants to see our headmaster . 有个陌生人要见我们的校长。

〔7〕一个句子中带有两个语从句，其中一个关系代词是that，另一个须用who。

The student who was praised at the meeting is the monitor that is very modest and studies very hard .在会上受到表扬的学生是班长，他谦虚好学。

whose引导语从句注意以下几点：① whose引导语从句，其后紧跟名词，构成名词短语。

例如：那就是我们刚刚看了他的绘画的那个孩子。

[误] That’s the child whose we looked at drawing just now .[正] That’s the child whose drawing we looked at just now .② whose引导语从句，其先行词不仅可以指人，还可以指物。

例如：Mr King , whose legs were badly hurt , was quickly taken to hospital .It was a meeting whose importance I didn’t realize at the time . 这次会议的重要性，我当时没有意识到。

I saw some trees whose leaves were black with disease . 我看见一些树，它们的叶子因病而变成了黑色。

③ whose在语从与它所修饰的名词一起可作介词宾语，可以与介词放在先行词与从句之间。

例如：The boss in whose department Mr King worked had heard about the accident .Tom , on whose bike I went to school is a friend of mine . 汤姆是我的一个朋友，我是骑着他的车去上学的。

④ whose的先行词指物时，可用of which代替whose，但词序不同，即whose +名词= the +名词+ of which。

例如：The novel whose title is Red and Black is very interesting . 〔= the title of which〕题为<红与黑>的那部小说很有趣。

He lives in the room whose window faces south .〔= the window of which〕.他住在窗户朝南的房间里。

2. which引导的语从句。

which在从作主语或谓语动词或介词的宾语。

例如：This is the book which you want .The building which stands near the river is our school .The room in which there is a machine is workshop .注意：〔1〕whom , which作介词宾语时，介词一般可放在which之前，也可放在从句原来的位置上，在含有介词的动词固词组中，介词只能放在原来的位置上。

例如：This is the person whom you are looking for .〔2〕引导非限性语从句时，关系代词往往用which , 不用that。

例如：I have lost my pen , which I like very much .3. 由that引导的语从句that在语从可以指人或物，在从作主语或谓语动词的宾语。

但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语。

例如：The letter that I received was from my father .注意：在下面几种情况下必须用“that〞引导语从句：〔1〕先行词是不代词：all , few , little , much , something , nothing , anything。

例如：All that we have to do is to practise every day .〔2〕先行词被序数词或形容词最所修饰。

例如：The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten .〔3〕先行词被all , any , every , few , little , no , some修饰。

例如：I have read all the books〔that〕you gave me .〔4〕先行词被the only , the very , the same , the last修饰时。

例如：He is the only person that I want to talk to .〔5〕先行词既有人又有物时。

例如：They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school .〔6〕当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时，语从句须用that，以免与先行词重复。

Who is the boy that was here just now ? 刚刚在这里的那个男孩子是谁？Which of us that knows something about physics does not know this ? 我们当中懂得一些物理的人有谁不知道这个呢？4. 由when , where , why引导的语从句。

例如：I know the reason why he came late .This is the place where we lived for 5 years .I will never forget the day when I met Mr. Liu .注意：先行词是表示地点时，有时用where，有时用that引导语从句。

这时要根据从句的谓语动词是及物的还是不及物的，是及物的就用that〔which〕否那么用where。

例如：This is the house where he lived last year .This is the house that〔which〕he visited last year .5. 限性语从句和非限性语从句〔1〕限性语从句是不可缺少的组成，主句和从句之间不用逗号分开。

引导非限性语从句的关系代词有who , whom , whose , which , of which。

这些关系代词都不能省略。

〔2〕非限性语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明，没有从句不影响主句意思的完整。

一般用逗号把主句和从句分开，通常不用关系代词that。

例如：I have two sisters , who are both students .I have lost the pen , which I like very much .6. as引导的语从句〔1〕as用作关系代词和关系副词引导限性语从句，并在从作语、表语或状语，构成the same … as , such … as结构。

例如：I like the same book as you do .〔as作宾语〕I shall do it in the same way as you did .〔as作状语〕I want to have such a dictionary as he has .〔as作宾语〕〔2〕as引导非限性语从句。