英语专四听力基本介绍
专四听力之DICTATION
语法
在听写过程中，要注意语法规则和句子结构，避免出现语病 和语法错误。这需要平时多积累语法知识，熟悉不同时态、 语态和语气的用法。
拼写
在记录句子时，要注意正确拼写单词。对于不确定的单词拼 写，可以暂时留空或者猜测其拼写方式，等全部听完后再进 行修正。同时，要注意大小写和标点符号的使用，保持原文 的一致性。
专四听力之 Dictation
目录
• 专四听力的基本介绍 • Dictation 听写的技巧 • Dictation 听写的练习方法 • 听写材料的选取和使用 • 听写中的常见问题和解决方法 • 专四听力的备考建议
01
专四听力的基本介绍
听力考试的目的和重要性
目的
检验学生的听力理解能力，包括对英语语音、语调和语 速的识别能力，以及对英语句子和段落的理解能力。
03
Dictation 听写的练习方法
多听多练，提高听力水平
定期收听英语广播、新闻、播客等，提高对英语 01 语音、语调和语速的熟悉度。
寻找不同口音和语速的英语听力材料，以适应不 02 同来源的语音输入。
积极参与听力练习，如听写、多选题、判断正误 03 等，以提高听力理解能力。
注重词汇和语法的积累
01 扩大词汇量，特别注意常用词汇和学科术语的积 累。
02 学习并掌握基本的语法知识，如时态、语态、从 句等，以便更好地理解听力材料。
02 练习识别不同口音和语速下的词汇和语法结构， 提高语言解码能力。
学会合理分配时间和注意力
在听写过程中，合理分配时间 和注意力，注重整体理解和细 节把握。
学会在听录音时做笔记，记录 关键信息和细节，以助于回忆 和整理。
多参加模拟考试，提高应试能力
模拟考试
专四听力要点解析
❖
are an exception → are essection 扣一个小错误加一
个大错误
❖
combat → come back 扣一个大错误
F. 总分只有0.5时，以1分计算，其余总分中如 含小数点的，小数舍去，保留整数。
G. 空白卷一律0分
Script:
Cars in the Future
❖ ⑤ 未扣分小错误的扣分标准：
❖
累计2-4个，扣0.5分
❖
累计5-8个，扣1分
❖ *大错误：漏写、加词、造词（冠词以小错计）、大移 位、时态错误，扣0.5分
❖ race → west, raised, risk ❖ flying → fine, fined, dinning ❖ loved → love; ❖ while → were ❖ generally → general; ❖ self-conscious → sub-conscious / of-conscious
❖ ③ 冠词、单复数错误：
❖ With fortune hunters → with the fortune hunters
❖ 90 percent → 90 percents
❖ ④ 小错误扣分标准：在一节中出现一次，留作总计；出 现两次，扣0.5分；出现三次，扣0.5分后留一小错误作总 计；出现四次，扣1分。
问一答的短对话变成长对话。 (10道，约,3个长对 话)
Section B：短文理解篇幅较长，比以前增加难 度。(10道，约3篇)
Section C：保留新闻广播。（10道，约5-7篇）
二、各部分评分标准及应试技巧建议
1. 听写
(1) 简介：由英美国家专家专门录制，或英式或美 式，但要求不带地方口音。全文共读4遍。第一 遍为正常语速，约120词/分钟，要求考生此时 从整体上理解文章内容，抓住中心大意；第二、 三遍为慢读，根据意群停顿，停顿时间约15秒， 要求考生准确写出所听内容；第四遍语速跟第 一遍一样，考生边听边对校。全文听完后，有2 分钟的复查时间。
专业英语四级听力详解
决战专业英语四级听力（1）如何决战专业四级听力全国高等学校专业四级考试听力部分的测型分为两个主要部分:Dictation和Listening Comprehension。
第一部分Dictation为1篇约150个词的短文,全篇文章共念4遍。
第一遍用正常速度,每分钟120个词,让学生听懂短文的大意。
第二、三遍则用较慢的语速朗读。
句子或分句间留有1 0~15秒左右的间隙,特别长的句子有意群停顿,让书写。
第四遍再用正常速度朗读,在这期间,考生对自己所记录的内容根据录音核实、检查。
这一部分的时间是15分钟。
第二部分是Listening Comprehension。
它由三个部分组成,即Section A、Section B 以及Section C,共有25道选择题。
各部分的题型分别为:Section A: Statement,共8题;Section B:Conversation,共9题;Section C:News Broadcast,在4篇左右的VOA或BBC听力材料之后,考生需就每篇材料分别完成1~3道书面选择题,共8题。
每一道选择题后留给考生10秒的间隙,考生必须利用这一间隙选出答案,录音的语速为每分钟120~150个词,只读1遍。
整个听力理解部分的测试时间为20分钟。
二、专业四级听力测试要点及基本应试对策(一)听写1.听写的测试要点听写所涉及的知识大致可分为语言因素和非语言因素两大类。
语言因素主要指语言知识,即语言基本功中包括诸如语言知识、词汇知识、句法知识和语用知识等。
现分述如下:1)语言知识。
包括对每一个音的发音部位和发音方法,对元音和辅音的语音特征及区别,对音节结构和同化的规则,对省音和加音的现象,以及对语调和重音规则等知识的了解和掌握。
2)词汇知识。
包括对词汇的分类、构词规则,以及习语、短语的了解和掌握。
3)句法与语义知识。
包括对句子结构,句型转换规则,语义特征如歧义、反义等知识的了解和掌握。
专业四八级英语专业四级真题听力讲解精品PPT课件
happy with it. M: No, I certainly am not. W: Well, if I could just have the receipt. M: Oh, yes. Well, there is a slight problem about the receipt.
W: And what is that? M: Look. It says here that the noise from it should be undetectable by other
people. W: Yes, that’s right. M: But people can hear it, and t’s really embarrassing on the bus and
underground. W: Well, I’m sorry, but it must be the way you are wearing the headphones. M: Look. I know how to put earphones in my ears. Thank you very much. But
conversation?
M: You have been in a university before, haven't you?
W: Yes, in Britain.
M: How do students go about getting jobs when they graduate?
专四听力介绍
2. 话题广泛，不涉及专业知识 社会、文化、日常生活、科普常识、大学 生相关话题 3. 短文主旨清晰，层次分明 Topic sentence—development– conclusion 以时间、空间、逻辑为序；运用大量连接 词：and, but, so, for example, however, as a result; first, next, finally; first, then, later, until, today
2. 词汇知识 词汇拼写正确 college, advertise, particular, separate 熟练掌握高频词的使用和搭配 （07）persuade sb. to do; remind sb. of sth.(06)in the field of, work around the clock日以继夜地工作, the potential for sth.; become victim to sth. 一词多义 never ends永无止尽; for better ends为了更好的结束，结果
3. 语法知识 检查时注意单复数、主谓一致、时态、大 小写、介词搭配、词语用法 Technology is giving us more cars, roads but less work. Small cars? Their life circle helps men provide himself with basic food: fish. Their life cycle helps man provide himself with a basic food: fish.
第二、三遍、边听边写， 抓细节
第四遍、边听边检查，查 漏补缺 两分钟复查
英语四级听力介绍
英语四级听力介绍English Version:English Introduction to CET-4 Listening:The College English Test Band 4 (CET-4) is a national English exam conducted in China, and the listening section is an integral part of it. The listening test is 25 minutes long and accounts for 35% of the total score . It consists of three parts: short news reports, long conversations, and listening passages.1.Short News Reports: This section includes three short news reportswith one or two questions following each. This part makes up 7% of the total score.2.Long Conversations:There are two long conversations with fourquestions following each. This section constitutes 8% of the total score.3.Listening Passages: This part includes three passages with three orfour questions following each. It makes up 20% of the total score.Each part of the listening section is crucial for students aiming to pass the CET-4 exam. Regular practice with authentic listening materials can significantly improve one's performance in this section .中文翻译：大学英语四级考试（CET-4）听力部分介绍：大学英语四级考试（CET-4）是中国进行的全国性英语考试，听力部分是其中的一个重要组成部分。
专四听力
Dictation 1 Superstition 迷信One person in four in Britain is, apparently, superstitious,and they'll do everything from hanging horseshoes over their fireplace to crossing their fingers,touching wood and absolutely never walking under a they're careful about cats are supposed to be the familiars of witches,so if one is following you it's definitely bad luck- a witch is after you!On the other hand, if one crosses your path and continues then it's good luck because it hasn't noticed , in some places the beliefs are different- so it pays to know where your black cat comes from!Old superstitions linger even in today's modern author Philip Pullman drew on them in his award winning novel "His Dark Materials".The novel, which appeals to both children and adults,has been adapted for radio and also the theatre.Dictation 2 Graduate Student 研究生Graduate students specialize in a particular field of study to become experts in this field and to learn new advances in their fields while they earn an . or when they get an M. A. in one field they begin studying another hope that when they earn their graduate degrees they will succeed in finding important hope to get jobs that are interesting and high life of a graduate student is often are usually too busy studying to make a good they have to pay high tuition fees for their give up studying before they get their most keep on working at their studies until they today's world, most graduate students don't regret spending time with their are finding that new developments are occurring in all many graduate study has become a necessity.Dictation 3 April Fool's Day 愚人节1st April is a day to be careful,or you could easily get tricked by 's April Fool's Day,a day when people traditionally like to try to make a fool of someone else and laugh at are lots of theories surrounding the origins of the day,but one explanation is connected with the change in the calendar in the 16th century,which meant that 1st April was no longer the beginning of the who still celebrated the New Year on 1st April were called what kind of pranks do people play on April Fool's DayWell, there are lots of simple tricks that you can play on your example, you could wear a black sweater and pull a piece of white thread through it,so that people try to pull it could change the time on someone's alarm clock so that they're late for work.Dictation 4 Living Online 网上生活How do you meet new people, make new friends,or find out about the latest bandsHere in the UK young people have traditionally done their socializing in bars, pubs and , there is a new generation growing up that finds it easier to manage their social lives on the net,using free websites like MySpace, Bebo or MSN Spaces.Welcome to the social networking website- a place where you can present yourself to the digital community and meet other like-minded most successful social networking website in the UK is of July 2006, MySpace is the world's fourth most popular English-language website,attracting almost 3 million visitors per claims to have 95 million members with 500,000 new members joining the community each how has it become so successfulPerhaps its secret is in its new member can build their own page simply- uploading photos, videos and MP3 files.Dictation 5 Mother's Day 母亲节Does your mother know how much you appreciate herWell, Mother's Day is the time to show 's a chance to say 'thank you',or to tell your mum how much you love Britain, Mother's Day, or Mothering Sunday,falls on a different day each year,because it takes place a few weeks before the festival of it is always in the early springtime,which seems appropriate,as the season when new plants emerge,and baby birds and animals are born.In the USA, Mother's Day takes place a little later, in May,and many other countries also celebrate their mothers on different days of the began many years ago, when children,especially girls, as young as 10 would live and work away from homeas housemaids and other types of Sunday was a day when everyone was allowed to go to their home village or town, and visit their mothers.Dictation 6 Online Shopping 网上购物With only two weeks to go before Christmas,buying presents is a high priority for a lot of , this year not so many people are leaving their homesto browse around the days lots of people can do their shopping in the comfort of their own home with the help of the shopping is becoming more and more popular for a number of reasons;prices are often lower online,you don't have to queue up in busy shops and you can buy almost any product imaginable with just a few clicks of your trends are often male-dominated but this year women are expected to do more shopping on the internet than seems women are now more attracted to the convenience of online shopping than they used to be.Average spending online this Christmas by women will rise to 240 pounds compared to the slightly lower average of 233 pounds for men.Dictation 7 Reality TV 真实电视The latest fashion on British TV is Reality TV means that shows follow and film ordinary people in an artificial could be at work, or in some kind of of the first and most popular Reality TV shows is Big Brother.In this show, 15 complete strangers have to live together in a house for 11 are filmed 24 hours a day, and shown on week, the viewers vote to evict one of the , only one is left,and they win the prize money!The show was an instant hit,and runs in several housemates often become stars as a result of the show,and appear in national newspapers and on other shows.Another very popular show is I'm a Celebrity - Get Me Out Of Here!In this show, 10 celebrities have to complete tasks each week,such as eating insects.Dictation 8 School 学校September is traditionally the end of summer and the beginning of autumn in the is also the month when children go back to school after their long summer are two types of school in schools are paid for by the government,so are free to Schools are private,which means you have to pay to school day usually starts at 9 in the morning and finishes around 4,with breaks for lunch of course!In many schools, you have to wear a uniform start school when they are 5 years is called primary school,and lasts until the child is 11 when he or she will go on to senior school is compulsory from 11 until 16 years of 16, students take national examinations called GCSE' this, students can stay at school for another 2 yearsand take A Level examinations.Dictation 9 The Modern Family 现代家庭Father leaves for work in the morning after two children take the bus to school,and mother stays home cooking and cleaning until father and the kids return home in the is thetraditional picture of a happy family living in past 20 years have seen enormous changes in the lives and structure of families in biggest change has been caused by many as 2 out of 3 marriages now end in divorce,leading to a situation where many children live with one parent and only see the other at weekends or has also been a huge rise in the number of women with children who large rise in divorces has meant many women need to work to support themselves and their when there is no divorce,many families need both parents to work in order to survive.Dictation 10 Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋节On 25th September this year, people all over China will be getting together to eat with their families,look at the moon and celebrate one of the biggest festivalsin the Chinese lunar , the celebrations stretch far beyond the borders of in the UK events are taking place for Chinese people living here,and to teach the people of Britain more about this popular Soho Theatre in London conducted a study which showed that Chinese Londoners don't engage much with the arts a result, 'Moon walking In China has been created to celebrate the Mid-Autumn is no normal theatre production though,as it doesn't take place in the professionals and volunteers from the local community will take audiences around the streets of Soho on a magical lantern-lit walk through the landmarks and backstreets of Chinatown.Dictation 11 The Dragon 龙When many people in the west think of China,the animal that they think of is the them, the dragon is an aggressive monster that breathes popular legends tell of how dragons killed brave knights and ate beautiful Chinese people however,the dragon is not an evil 's a cultural and spiritual symbolfor prosperity and good dragon's main task is to create harmony and bring are celebrated in art and architecture,and of course the dragon dance is a very popular of Chinese have the word 'long',meaning dragon, as part of their isn't the only country to have the dragon as its symbol. Wales, one of the four countries in the UK,has a red dragon proudly displayed on its only other country in the world with a dragon on its flag is Bhutan,the tiny country between China and India.Dictation 12 Rainy Britain 阴雨的英国Britain is famous around the world for its rainy weather,but many parts of the country this June are experiencing much more rain than they have ever seen downpours have caused rivers to burst their banks,roads have been closed and many people have been evacuated from their homes because of the worst hit area seems to be the north of have even been fatalities as people got stuck in the rain or were washed away by the warnings have been issued in many parts of the UK and it is said that over a month's worth of rain has fallen in just the last couple of rain has also caused chaosat some of Britain's famous June Glastonbury festival is a four-day-long outdoor music festival and while it is traditionally quite rainy and muddy there,this year was particularly bad.Dictation 13 Christmas traditions 圣诞节传统There are many ways to celebrate Christmas,and some British people like to go on holiday,go out for lunch to a restaurant,or spend the day with most people's idea of a traditional Christmas involves spending a few days with their family- sometimes their extended day is the most exciting for the children.They may have spent weeks or even months dreaming of the presents they want most.Since the beginning of December,they may have opened their advent calendars,finding a new festive picture, chocolate, or small gift,to count down each day until 25th Christmas Eve, they hang up stockings,ready to be filled with presents by Santa a thank you gift of a mince pie and a glass of sherry will be left,as well as a carrot for those hungry reindeer.Dictation 14 Olympic Slogan 奥运口号Beijing unveiled the slogan for the 2008 Olympics "One World, One Dream" was finally selected from more than 210,000 entries from around the 's original bid to host the 2008 games had a different slogan "New Beijing, Great Olympics".The organizers felt the new slogan shifted the focus nicely from the city of Beijing itself to the spirit of the Olympics- unity, friendship amongst nations and was also felt that the "One World, One Dream" slogan captured the traditional Chinese values of peace and Olympics hasn't always had a slogan attached to each host fact it wasn't until 1988 at the Seoul Olympics in South Korea that the first slogan appeared."Harmony and Progress" was chosenand it seems to have been a popular theme over the years.Dictation 15 Sunbed 太阳床In the UK, a country known for its bad weather and lack of sunshine,there appears to be an ever increasing number of very tanned young just how are they achieving their golden tansSome are opting for the sun-free option and are getting their tan from a , it appears that others are turning to tanning salons,of which there are thousands in the in China young people often prefer to remain fair,in the UK there seems to be a growing desire for tanned why do the British prefer to be bronzedOften, they are trying to emulate their favorite celebrities,footballers, or footballers' from the British Sunbed Association suggests that many people believe a tan makes them feel and look is a belief that is most definitely not shared by Cancer Research firmly state that being tanned is not a sign of health.Dictation 16 Speechwriting 写演讲稿The success of a speech is often attributed to the skill of the speaker,with merit being given to speakers who are confident, articulate,But often it is not the speakerswho write these moving speeches,it is a one industry in which this practice is common is that of politics. Well according to a recent job advertisementfrom the US Embassy in Britain,a political speechwriter needs to have exceptional interpersonal skills, be detail oriented and able to demonstrate a deep knowledge of their must also work closely with speakers and be able to relate to their believe that the best speechwriters have an inherent talent,a natural creative instinct,and that speechwriting is an art form.Dictation 17 A Walk in the Park 在公园散步Exercising in natural areas is not only good for your physical health-it can improve your mood and sense of well-being in as little as five minutes. Environmental Health and alone is known to make you is being in a natural scientists wanted to see the effect of combining the evaluated 10 different UK studies involving more than 1,200 had taken part in activities such as gardening,sailing and country walks, and rated their mood and research showed that both areas get a significant boostwith as little as five minutes of outdoor people with mental disorders benefited the study authors say this is the first study to quantify the amount of time needed to get a positive effect.Dictation 18 Fast food Makes Us Less Patient 快餐使我们失去耐性Fast food is a multibillion-dollar industry,and for some of us, drive-through dinner has become a way of , sometimes we grab something quick because we really don't have psychologists got to wondering whether all this speed eating might actually make us less a series of experiments,the scientists showed volunteers logos from several fast-food chains or asked them to recall the last time they'd they found that folks who had thought about fast foodwould then read faster,even though no one told them to they also expressed a preference for time-saving products,like shampoo plus they tended to opt for immediate rewards,like getting a small cash payment right away rather than waiting a week for a larger if you want to ease the pace,forget meditation. Try a slow cooker.Dictation 19 Light All Night Not Alright 整夜开灯并非好事A nightlight may keep those monsters under the it may also open the door to the you have access to electricity,you no doubt switch on a lamp,maybe even watch a little TV,after the sun goes our bodies use cues about lightness and dark to regulate our hormones and of course our sleep what might these extra photons be doing to our healthTo find out, scientists housed mice in a room where the lights were always three weeks,they found that mice who lived in the spotlight showed symptoms of depression,more so than mice who enjoyed eight hours of darkness at , mice who could escape the light by ducking into a dark tube also escaped the worst of the flip that light switch at your own the artificial brightness that helps keep us up could also bring us down.Dictation 20 London 2012 Olympic Games 伦敦2012奥运会After a hard-fought campaign,London has been awarded the right to host the 2012 Olympic UK capital saw off competition from four rival cities:Paris, Madrid, Moscow and New can now look forward to the transformation of their city in the same way as their counterparts in , there are many similarities in the two cities approach to hosting the cities need to invest in developing their infrastructure in order to cope with the demands of the , this kind of investment is far from cheap- it is estimated that it will cost around $40 billion to prepare for the 2008 games,much of which will be spent on transport , the benefits of becoming an Olympic city can be enormous- Barcelona, which hosted the 1992 games,was completely regenerated and has since become one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world.Dictation 21 Picnic 野餐As summertime begins in Britain,people start to feel the urge to go outside to love to have a picnic whenever the weather is good enough,especially people with 's a great way to spend a sunny in the centre of London, on a sunny day,the parks are full of office worker seating their lunch outside on the might be a pretty basic picnic- a shop-bought sandwich and a bottle of if people are planning a picnic on the beach or at the park,they would probably pack a cool bag with a whole variety of home-made sandwiches,snacks, cake, fruit and soft might have a picnic rug to sit on,and paper plates and students enjoy having picnics,and usually take along some kind of sports equipment,such as a ball in order to burn off some energy after lunch.Dictation 23 The Compass 指南针A magnetic compass is a device that has been used for centuries now,and its utility in helping people find their way is technology gave us the privilege of GPS navigation systems,the act of finding out where you are and which side is northwas carried out simply with the help of a 've all seen a compass at some point or the other,and this has almost always led us to the question"How does a compass work"The answer to thisquestion can be explained through the concept of the earth's speaking, a compass is basically a small magnet that has a needle attached on one other end of the magnet is attached to a freely moving the compass is held out steadily,the magnet becomes parallel with the magnetic field of the Earth,and this causes it to point north.Dictation 24 Ball Games 球类运动Ball games have become an integral part of modern give us entertainment providing us a means to safely free ourselves from are many different ball games that can do this for people enjoy football, while others like two ball games are the most popular in games such as baseball are growing in appeal,yet have not become development of these games is is one of the few sports with a known date of , or soccer, originally developed from traits found in both China and has grown to become the world's most popular Europe, football clubs have been established,which in turn has been copied in the rest of the world.These football clubs train players who may later go to play for their nations in the World is the most watched ballgame championship on the planet.Dictation 25 Water Sports 水上运动The history of man's involvement with water sports stretches back before history was written is a history of the development of technology as well as human physical first took to water in boats that sailed around the worldwith nothing but the stars to guide seas and rivers were a mystery to be feared,for lurked unknown creatures and death by actually ventured into the a sport, however, water sports such as swimming, diving,and water polo are new comparatively to those on the oldest one is rowing in a is seen in modern games such as competitions between rowing clubs in British and American Water Sports began with swimming but did not end different kinds of water sports such as diving or water skiing came later.Dictation 26 Famous Universities 名校Many countries have excellent are, however, few world famous universities have achieved their fame through a combination of both their age and the high levels of quality in their their histories,each one has been a testing ground for the leadership of the the United States, Harvard and Yale attract thousands of foreign students who would use what they learn for the advancement of their own this way, these schools have developed an interesting method of international around the world are able to connect with each other by having graduated from one of the finest universities in the in every field, whether government officials or ground-breaking scientists,who graduated from the same school have a direct link to each other and understand each other much better.Dictation 27 Ideal Life 理想人生The ideal life is one that many people would like to pursue,yet few balance between dreams and reality is one that is difficult to people choose a vocation in the hopes that it would bring them wealth and , after years of labor in their chosen field,they begin to hate their is mainly because they have neglected other parts of their lives in search of this people devote their lives to working and are unable to separate themselves from their find that it may not be have jobs where their principles and emotional health are challenged by dishonesty or bad work people can begin to become influenced by the environment in which they work,leading to personal or health choice is not a permanent situation, however,as many people have chosen to change the values of their lives.Dictation 28 Reeducation and Employment 再教育和就业During the course of our lives,we must make many choices that we may come to is especially true when choosing a that sound exciting or rewarding become dull or not worth it as we live our daily is where reeducation can schools have been set up to train people in jobs that they may be better suited can adapt their interests and talentsthrough selected courses. They can learn cooking skills, which are always in great demand. Gardening is an option for those who enjoy the outdoorsor have a green thumb. If a person is interested in motors or cars, they can get training as a mechanic. Even more, the learning of a foreign language would allow them the opening of a dream job qualification certificates they earn can also be used too enhance their resumes,so that they are trained in a variety of skills.Dictation 29 Made in China 中国制造The label, Made in China,is one that is becoming increasing common in shopping centers all over the the United States,shoppers at Wal-Mart the nation's largest retailer have a wide selection of products mostly produced in large amount of Chinese imports have created a large selection of goods in other countries as people begin to buy more and more products made in goods are even readily available in other Asian nations,where Chinese-made goods are quite brand names are also becoming more well-known outside of development of China has amazed the world with its also, as China is a developing economy with large amounts of labor,industries are beginning to relocatein an effort to minimize costs and increase results of these relocations are that nations are beginning to try to limit the flow of Chinese goods with the use of taxes and import restrictions.Dictation 30 Glaciers 冰川Glaciers are formed in places where the temperatures are extremely could even include places that are at sea level,but are mostly places that are high up on such cold places it snows most of the snow will settle down and when it snows again the lower layer of snow gets time it snows,the below layers will compress more,finally turning into hard ice is what forms the the temperature rises slightly,the outer edges of the formed glacier and fresh snow will glacier to form and sustai For n itself it is of prime importance that the amount of snow that falls on it must be more than the amount of glacier that has is the only way in which the glacierwill be able to maintain itself and keep increasing in size year after year.Dictation 31 Oxygen 氧气Oxygen, that thing you breathe,that essential gas that keeps the world going round is really more important than you give it credit is what essentially and literally keeps you alive and keeps you this: people can survive for a few days without food and water,but do you think a person can survive even a few minutes without oxygenNo, the brain would die and the heart would stop pumping is how essential oxygen is to the human is used to convert fats and proteins from the food we consume into heat and energy for the body and its normal is essential for the production of living cells and for respiration of these cells as is also used in removing toxic waste from the simply put, the more the oxygen there is in the body,the more energetic the body will be.Dictation 32 Purpose of Society 社会的作用One of the primary purposes of society is the formation of an organized group of individuals,who can support each other in various is in those difficult times that you realize theimportance of being a part of is the members of your social group who come forward to render all the help you support given by society can be of the physical, emotional, financial or medical society is characterized by social form an integral part of society.Social networks are defined as the maps of relationships between give rise to social interactions between people of a belonging to different ethnic groups can come together, thanks to interactions give rise to strong social bonds that result in long-lasting society gives rise to a family system and an organization of relationships,which form the heart of any social group.Dictation 33 Mountains 山脉Mountains are a type of landforms that are characterized by a higher elevation,in comparison to the surrounding are higher than 600 meters,and taller than the world's tallest mountains are located in Asia and the largest range of mountains is present in the Atlantic of the highest mountain peaks are located in the represent varying climatic conditions based on their example, in case of a tall mountain,the conditions at the base differ from the top of the comparison to the mountain base,the top portion is colder and there is less oxygen and less protection from the sun's is estimated that half of the world population depends on mountains for fact, the major rivers of the world are fed by mountains have glacial lakes that are formed due to melting of the glaciers.Dictation 34 Internet Relationship 网络关系Internet relationships are ones that are made through online communicationwith a prospective friend or , many people are turning towards makings such relationships as they think these are more reliable than ones that are created by meeting in have their own individual views regarding such relationships can be made for the purpose of getting a date or just is a debate going on in the online community about these online say that these kind of bonding is not at all reliable,as anyone can pose as a person who he is not, in the other hand,if you use the Internet in the best possible manner,this bonding can go well further simply means that, along with emails and chats,if you use real-time audio and video conversations,you can be assured that the person online is not faking his identity.Dictation 35 Friendship 友谊Friendship is a silent transformer of life;a relationship that stays aliveonly till the time it is nourished with love,care, kindness and understanding.By dictionary terms,it is a compassionate and cooperative relationship between two or more individuals but it really does not define or speak about the magical power the relationship has a strong and enduring power that can transform the life of all those who are on their journey with this great is a relationship that blows flowers on the way,fills laughter in the air when friends are together,and spreads love is a feeling that offers support and comfort at every stage in life,delivers peace of mind when under deep stress,and also offers a strong level of ties two or more individuals so strongly that no one can escape from the anguish of losing or breaking the relationship.Dictation 36 Cultural Heritages 文化遗产Every country has a cultural heritage,spiritual beliefs and history and their ethnic fashion reflects their artistic will find how the market of ethnic gifts has increased at a drastic all around the globe appreciate the ethnic art with its unique beautiful , it's natural that ethnic art。
2023英语专四听力题型解析
2023英语专四听力题型解析听力部分是英语专业四级考试（TEM-4）中的一个重要组成部分，占总分值的30%。
这部分主要考察考生的英语听力理解能力，包括短文听力理解、新闻听力理解、对话听力理解、听写填空、听力词汇辨析和听力语法与结构六个部分。
以下是对这些题型的解析：一、短文听力理解短文听力理解部分要求考生听取一篇1000字以内的英语短文，了解文章主旨、重要细节和推理能力。
短文可能会涉及多种文体，如叙述文、说明文、议论文等，考生需要注意不同文体的特点和听力技巧。
在听录音时，考生需要注意关键词和句子，尤其是文章开头和结尾的句子，这些句子通常会给出文章的主旨大意。
另外，考生还需要注意说话人的语气和语调，这些都可以帮助考生理解文章的意思。
二、新闻听力理解新闻听力理解部分要求考生听取一篇200词以内的英语新闻，了解新闻主题、重要细节和推理能力。
新闻听力通常会包括国际新闻、国内新闻、经济新闻、娱乐新闻等多种类型。
考生需要注意抓住关键词和句子，尤其是新闻导语中的信息，这些信息可以帮助考生快速理解新闻的主题和重要细节。
另外，考生还需要注意新闻中的数字、专有名词和地名等特殊词汇。
三、对话听力理解对话听力理解部分要求考生听取一段对话，根据对话内容判断对话发生的场景、时间、地点、人物等基本信息，并理解对话中的重要细节和推理能力。
对话通常会涉及日常生活、工作、学习等方面的场景，考生需要了解不同场景的特点和听力技巧。
在听录音时，考生需要注意对话中的关键词和句子，尤其是对话中的转折词和语气词。
另外，考生还需要注意对话中的数字、时间等特殊信息。
四、听写填空听写填空部分要求考生听取一段100词以内的英语短文，在听到短文后需要在规定时间内完成填空任务。
这部分主要考察考生的听力记忆能力和词汇拼写能力。
在听录音时，考生需要注意短文中的关键词和句子，尤其是短文中出现的名词、动词和形容词等实义词。
另外，考生还需要注意短文中的特殊语法结构，如从句、倒装句等。
专四听力文档
专四听力导言听力是英语学习中非常重要的一个方面。
在专四考试中，听力占据了较大的比重。
良好的听力技巧和能力不仅可以帮助我们更好地理解口语和口音，还能帮助我们更好地理解听力材料中的信息。
本文将从提高听力技巧的角度，对专四听力进行分析和讨论。
专四听力的特点专四听力主要包括对听力材料中的对话和短文的理解和掌握。
与英语四级听力相比，专四听力的主要特点如下：1.难度较高：专四听力材料涉及更加复杂和语言难度较大的对话和短文。
这要求考生具备更高的听力能力和技巧。
2.语速较快：在专四听力中，对话和短文的语速较快，需要考生有较强的听力捕捉能力和处理信息的能力。
3.衔接紧密：专四听力材料中的对话和短文往往存在衔接紧密的情况，考生需要具备较强的逻辑思维能力和信息整合能力。
提高专四听力的技巧以下是一些提高专四听力技巧的方法和建议：1. 多听听力材料提高听力能力的最有效的方法之一就是多听听力材料。
可以选择一些专门的专四听力教材，或者在网上寻找一些专四听力练习资源。
通过多听不同类型和难度的听力材料，可以加强对不同口音和语速的适应能力。
2. 针对性练习针对专四听力的难点和重点进行有针对性的练习。
可以根据自己的听力水平和弱点，选择一些具有挑战性的听力材料进行练习。
通过反复听、模仿和理解，逐渐提高听力水平。
3. 增强听力技巧除了提高听力能力，还需要掌握一些听力技巧。
例如，注意关键词的捕捉和记忆，提高对上下文的理解能力，学会预测和猜测答案等。
通过不断练习和总结，逐渐提高听力技巧和应对能力。
4. 多进行听力训练除了练习听力材料，还可以进行一些听力训练。
可以选择一些英语电影、英语歌曲或者英语广播进行听力练习。
通过多种形式的听力训练，增强听力的灵敏度和反应能力。
结论专四听力是专四考试中的重要组成部分。
通过采用合适的方法和技巧进行听力训练，可以提高听力水平和应对能力。
希望本文所提供的方法和建议能够对广大考生在专四听力的备考过程中有所帮助。
注意：以上文档仅供参考，最终文档以写作者自行编辑为准。
四级听力介绍
在做复合式听写题目之前，首先要对全文进行全 局性的预览，尤其是段落第一、二句和最后一句。 如果时间充裕，还可抓紧时间观察空格前后的一 些特殊现象，从中判断所填单词的词性、单复数、 时态语态等等。听的时候要注意精听速记，以听 为主，以记为辅。比如：遇到一些冠词，助动词 时可先省略不记，又比如遇到一些较长的词组， 可先记下每个单词的头一个字母，或者是较长的 单词只记前三个字母等。等到全部听完之后，再 利用一点时间进行检查：检查句子句法的完整性， 单词的正确性等。
Short conversation
就题型构成来说，Section A 部分的8个小对话， 通常都是一男一女的对话。在做短对话题目的时 候，仍然要抓住关键词和场景这两个重要因素。 通过捕捉题目中出现的关键词，判断相关场景。 同学们应该熟悉四级听力常考的十大场景：学习 场景、天气场景、医院场景、打工场景、租房场 景、娱乐场景、餐馆场景、选课场景、论文场景、 图书馆场景。英语是一种模式化的语言，在固定 的场景中其词汇和表达也相对比较固定，平时注 意积累场景高频词汇和习惯表达，在四级听力短 对话部分可以做到未听先知的状态。
Last words
最后，值得一提的是，新四级考试各部分 顺序也有所改变，听力将作为在写作与快 速阅读之后的第三部分出现，这也将给大 家带来习惯上的差异与不适应，所以大家 在平时练习的时候应当加以注意，通过适 应性训练来熟悉新四级的考试流程，为取 得高分打下扎实的基础。
L话，可以说，就是小对话和短文的有 机结合。如果说一人一句的短对话涉及的只是一个“点”， 那么长对话涉及的就是一个“面”。短对话是把长对话中 的某个具体问答提炼了出来，而长对话就是把这些问答融 入到一段两个人聊天或者交谈当中，其中有寒暄，有过渡， 也有问答。而每每遇到问答的时候都是考官青睐的考点， 而且考试的重点往往落在答语上。这一点和短对话中体现 的原则不谋而合。长对话的出题方式和短文的考察方法很 类似，特别是与人物生平发展或者故事类的题目很相似， 即每一方面的内容只考察一道题目，而且通常情况下，出 题的顺序和文章的顺序是一致的。
英语专业四级听力话题概述
英语专业四级听力话题概述听力话题一：教育与学习教育与学习一直是英语专业学生关注的重要话题之一。
在听力考试中，常出现与学习方法、学术资讯和学校课程相关的听力材料。
这些材料可能涉及学术讲座、学生演讲、校园活动等内容。
在听力过程中，学生需要注意抓住主要观点、理解学术术语以及掌握重要细节。
听力话题二：社会与文化社会与文化是英语专业学生必须了解的重点之一。
该话题常涉及到社会问题、文化传统、习俗和节庆活动等。
在听力考试中，学生需要理解和分析与社会发展、文化差异和社会问题相关的对话、讨论或播报内容。
提前了解不同国家的社会与文化特点能够帮助学生更好地理解听力材料。
听力话题三：科技与创新科技与创新是现代社会的重要组成部分，在英语专业四级听力考试中也占有一定比重。
相关听力材料可能涉及科技新闻、科学研究发现、新技术应用等内容。
学生需要通过听力材料了解新的科技成果、新领域的突破和科学研究的趋势。
同时，他们需要理解科技术语和专业术语，抓住听力材料中的关键信息。
听力话题四：环境与可持续发展环境与可持续发展是全球关注的重点话题之一。
在英语专业四级听力考试中，相关材料可能涉及环保行动、气候变化、环境保护政策等内容。
学生需要理解听力材料中的专业术语、科学报道以及环保倡议。
掌握相关知识有助于学生在听力考试中更准确地理解和回答问题。
听力话题五：经济与商务经济与商务是英语专业学生需要掌握的重要领域之一。
听力考试中，学生可能会接触到与经济发展、贸易合作、商业战略等相关的听力材料。
学生需要理解和分析商业会议、商业谈判、市场报告等内容，掌握商务英语词汇和商业知识，以便更好地应对听力考试。
总结：以上是英语专业四级听力话题的概述。
在备考过程中，学生应该充分了解这些话题，提前准备相关的词汇和知识，同时也要注重训练听力的能力和技巧。
通过大量的听力练习和积累，学生可以提高对各种听力材料的理解能力，从而在考试中取得较好的成绩。
专四听力考试相关知识
新闻词汇特点： 旧词添新意 Sept. 11th 合成新词 electronic wallet, sit-in 派生新词 ecodisaster 外来词 judo, karate, kungfu
新闻听力7大题型分解
硬新闻（hard news）和软新闻(soft news) 英语新闻的5个要素(Who, what, when, where , why and how) 新闻听力归纳为：“以人为本”和“以事为本” 的两大新闻句型，即： News involving people: Who did or said that? Why does he or she do so or say so? News involving incidents: What happened at what time and where or how did it happen?
短文听力语流信号词
表示态度或建议：believe, think, propose, suggest, assume, claim, Let’s …, why not do…, Shall we do …, what /how about …, what do you think of …, If I were you, I’d …, The fact is …, The problem is …, But the truth is … 表示结论：therefore, thus, in conclusion, as a result, in summary, to sum up, in short
短文听力语流信号词
表示赞许/肯定： sure, certainly, congratulations, great, terrific, of course, why not 表示否定/不同意：no, but , not really, nevertheless, 表示话题转移：Sorry, however, on the other hand, on the country, but, yet, nevertheless, despite, in spite of , besides, 表示主观意愿：Would rather, prefer to, had better, Cannot you do? Why not do? If I were you, I should do…, You ‘d better do…, Let’s do…, Shouldn’t you do…, You may as well do…
2023年英语专四全国卷听力真题及解析
2023年英语专四全国卷听力真题及解析在 2023 年的英语专业四级考试中，听力部分依然是众多考生关注的重点。
下面，我们将一同来详细剖析这份全国卷的听力真题。
首先，让我们来看看听力部分的整体构成。
此次听力考试主要包括了对话、短文和新闻三个部分。
在对话部分，话题涵盖了日常生活、学习、工作等多个方面。
比如，有一段对话是关于学生在图书馆寻找特定书籍的经历，另一段则是关于两位同事讨论工作项目的进展。
这些对话的场景贴近实际，语言表达自然流畅，需要考生能够迅速捕捉关键信息，理解对话者的意图和态度。
短文部分通常会涉及一些较为正式的主题，如科普知识、文化介绍等。
例如，其中一篇短文是关于某种新型能源的发展与应用，另一篇则是对某个历史遗迹的介绍。
这要求考生在听的过程中，不仅要抓住主要内容，还要注意细节信息，如数字、时间、地点等。
新闻部分则紧跟时事，涵盖了国内外的政治、经济、文化等方面的最新动态。
像有一则新闻是关于某国际会议的成果，还有一则是关于某地区自然灾害的应对措施。
对于这部分内容，考生需要具备一定的背景知识和时事敏感度，以便更好地理解新闻的主旨。
接下来，我们具体分析几道典型的题目。
例如，在一道对话题中，一方询问另一方关于周末活动的安排，选项中给出了多种可能的活动，如看电影、参加运动比赛、在家休息等。
这就需要考生仔细倾听对话中提到的相关线索，比如对某项活动的兴趣表达或者时间上的限制，从而准确判断出最终的答案。
在短文听力中，有一题问到关于某个历史遗迹的建造时间，原文中可能并不会直接给出具体的年份数字，而是通过一些相关的描述来暗示，如“在某个朝代的初期”“经过多年的修建才完成”等，这就考验考生对这类表述的理解和转换能力。
新闻听力中，常常会出现一些专业术语和特定的名称，比如“经济增长率”“环保政策”等。
对于这些词汇，考生不必过于紧张，只要结合上下文和平时的积累，大致理解其含义即可。
为了在听力部分取得较好的成绩，考生在备考过程中需要注重多方面的训练。
英语专业四级考试必备考点整理
英语专业四级考试必备考点整理一、听力考点听力是英语专业四级考试中的一项重要内容，主要考察考生的听力理解能力和应对能力。
以下是一些常见的听力考点：1. 听力材料类型：考生需要熟悉各种类型的听力材料，如新闻报道、讲座、对话、广告等。
不同类型的材料对于考生的听力理解能力有不同的要求。
2. 主旨大意：听力材料通常会涉及一些具体的话题，考生需要通过听力材料来把握主旨大意，理解材料的核心内容。
3. 细节理解：听力材料中会出现一些具体的细节信息，考生需要通过听力材料来获取这些信息，并进行理解和分析。
4. 推理判断：听力材料中有时会出现一些隐含信息或暗示，考生需要通过听力材料来进行推理判断，理解材料的含义。
5. 对话场景：听力材料中的对话通常会发生在特定的场景中，考生需要通过听力材料来判断对话的背景和环境，理解对话的意义。
二、阅读考点阅读是英语专业四级考试中的另一项重要内容，主要考察考生的阅读理解能力和词汇运用能力。
以下是一些常见的阅读考点：1. 主旨大意：阅读材料通常会涉及一些具体的话题，考生需要通过阅读材料来把握主旨大意，理解材料的核心内容。
2. 细节理解：阅读材料中会出现一些具体的细节信息，考生需要通过阅读材料来获取这些信息，并进行理解和分析。
3. 词汇理解：阅读材料中会出现一些生词和短语，考生需要通过上下文来推测其意义，并理解材料的含义。
4. 推理判断：阅读材料中有时会出现一些隐含信息或暗示，考生需要通过阅读材料来进行推理判断，理解材料的含义。
5. 逻辑关系：阅读材料中的段落通常会有一定的逻辑关系，考生需要通过阅读材料来理解段落之间的关系，把握文章的整体结构。
三、写作考点写作是英语专业四级考试中的另一项重要内容，主要考察考生的写作能力和语言表达能力。
以下是一些常见的写作考点：1. 题目要求：考生需要仔细阅读题目要求，明确写作的目的和要求，合理安排文章的结构和内容。
2. 逻辑连贯：考生需要合理组织文章的段落和句子，使文章的内容和结构具有一定的逻辑连贯性。
四级听力必背知识点总结
四级听力必背知识点总结一、场景描述在进行四级听力备考时，我们首先要了解四级听力考试的场景描述，这样有利于我们更好地理解和预测听力中的内容。
四级听力中的场景描述通常涉及到学校、家庭、购物、旅行、社交活动等日常生活场景。
在备考时，我们可以通过模拟这些场景进行训练，以便更加熟悉听力材料中的内容。
二、常用词汇四级听力考试中经常出现一些常用词汇，比如数字、时间、地点、人物等。
因此在备考时，我们需要特别关注这些常用词汇的听写和理解。
另外，在备考时，我们也可以适当扩大词汇积累范围，提高自己的听力水平。
三、语音特点四级听力材料中有一些语音特点，比如连读、重音、语调等。
在备考时，我们可以通过大量的听力材料练习，熟悉这些语音特点，并在听力过程中加以注意和掌握。
四、语法特点四级听力材料中也包含一些语法特点，比如时态、语态、语气等。
在备考时，我们需要加强对这些语法特点的熟练掌握，以便更好地理解和预测听力内容。
五、逻辑关系四级听力材料中经常出现一些逻辑关系，比如因果关系、对比关系、顺序关系等。
在备考时，我们需要在日常听力训练中多加练习，增强自己对逻辑关系的理解和掌握。
六、细节信息四级听力材料中往往包含大量的细节信息，比如价格、数量、颜色、尺寸等。
在备考时，我们需要提高对细节信息的听辨能力，并在备考过程中注意理解和掌握这些细节信息。
七、推理推断四级听力材料中常常需要进行推理推断，理解隐含的信息。
在备考时，我们需要加强对推理推断能力的训练，以便更好地理解听力内容。
以上是四级听力备考中的一些必备知识点总结，希望对大家的备考有所帮助。
在备考过程中，我们需要多加练习，不断提高听力技能，取得更好的成绩。
专四听力要点解析ppt课件
（4）能在15分钟内听写根据已学知识编写或选用的
词数为200个左右、语速为每分钟120个单词的录
音材料，错误率不超过8%。
2
2. 2004年《大纲》要求中的变化：
（1）听写：基本没有重大改动 （2）听力理解：每道题答题间隔时间：
10秒→5秒 （3）听力考试总时间长度：20分钟→35分钟
3
（4）听力理解题量：20题→30题 Section A: 取消原来的单句理解，将原来的一
11
E.一些特例的扣分标准：
❖ ①下列情况不扣分：
❖ World War I → World War One
❖
race car → racecar
❖ fortune hunter → fortune-hunter
❖ 90 percent. And → 90%, and / 90% and
❖ ②下列情况扣分：
state to state. ❖ 用英、美两种发音读出以下单词： ask, can’t, dance, box, hot, spot, neither,
history, factory, schedule
21
❖ 三、同音词与近音词分辨不清 price---prize, see---sea, right---write, lead---lid, deed---did, peek---pick, fool---full, pool---pull, cart---cut, heart---hut, mass---mess, bad---bed, dad---dead, fight---fat, bike---back, lack---like, veil---whale, vest---west, vet---wet, sign---shine, sigh---shy, same---shame, course---cause, fuss---fuzz, loose---lose, worth---worse, path---pass, think---sink, thin---thing, sin---sing, ban---bang, right in---writing, lace---race, collect---correct, light---right, need---lead, night---light, nine---line, aren’t---aunt, aisle---isle, bare--bear
英语专四听力基本介绍
英语专四听力
英语专四听力
本文将介绍英语专四听力考试的相关知识和备考技巧。
首先，了解考试内容和形式非常重要。
英语专四听力考试一般分为两部分：听力理解和听力填空。
听力理解部分通常包括对话、短文和长文三个部分，考察考生对英语听力的理解能力，主要考察考生的听力水平和语音语调的识别能力。
听力填空部分则要求考生根据所听到的内容填写相应的单词或短语，考察考生的词汇掌握程度和语法运用能力。
其次，备考技巧也非常重要。
在备考过程中，考生应该注重听力训练和词汇积累。
通过多听多做练习题，不断提高自己的听力水平和语音语调的识别能力。
同时，通过阅读和记忆词汇，提高自己的词汇量，以便更好地理解和应对考试。
最后，考生在考试时也应该注意一些细节。
例如，注意细节题和听说顺序题的答题顺序，避免因为顺序混乱而导致失分。
另外，考生要注意听力填空部分的单词拼写和语法正确性，避免因为细节错误而丢分。
总之，英语专四听力考试是比较有难度的考试，需要考生具备一定的听力水平和语音语调识别能力，同时也需要考生注重备考技巧和注意一些细节问题。
只有充分备考、认真答题，才能够在考试中取得好成绩。
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基本介绍 原来的statements 原来的statements 和conversations 改成了conversations 和 改成了conversations passages,在选择题上也发生了很大的变化. 原来的考试中, passages,在选择题上也发生了很大的变化. 原来的考试中, statements 和conversations部分都是一段录音一道选择题, 而新大 conversations部分都是一段录音一道选择题, 纲中,这一部分有了变化. Conversations这一部分总共有十道选择题, 纲中,这一部分有了变化. Conversations这一部分总共有十道选择题, 由几段对话组成, 每一段对话的数量不定. 由几段对话组成, 每一段对话的数量不定. Passages 这一部分有十道 选择题, 在选择题的设置上与conversations部分相似. 选择题, 在选择题的设置上与conversations部分相似.
• • • •
C.听写的评分标准 C.听写的评分标准
• • • • • • • • • • • • • •
听写共分15小节;每节1 听写共分15小节;每节1分 每节最多扣1 每节最多扣1分 重复错误,仅扣1 重复错误,仅扣1分 错误共分两类:小错误(minor 错误共分两类:小错误(minor mistakes) 和大错误(major mistakes) 和大错误(major 小错误 1) 单词拼写错一到二个字母.如inconvenient-inconvient 单词拼写错一到二个字母. inconvenient标点符号错误: 标点符号错误:-To solve this problem, the --- To solve this problem the…; when— the… when— When,… When,… 冠词\单复数错误: shells---shell;with a solution---with the solution 冠词\单复数错误: shells---shell;with solution---with 小错误扣分标准:小错误在一节中出现一次,留作总计,出现两次扣0.5 小错误扣分标准:小错误在一节中出现一次,留作总计,出现两次扣0.5 未扣分小错误的扣分标准: 未扣分小错误的扣分标准: 累计2 个扣0.5分 累计2-4个扣0.5分 累计5 个扣1 累计5-8个扣1分 B.大错误 B.大错误 漏写\加词\造词\换词(冠词作小错误计),大移位,时态错误,原文一个词变两个词. 漏写\加词\造词\换词(冠词作小错误计),大移位,时态错误,原文一个词变两个词.每个 错误扣0.5分 错误扣0.5分,如are still paid---is still paid, were paid---we pazid paid---is paid---we
听写的成绩及错误分析
• 听写中的几个明显错误是：1考生对这种标准听写形式的陌生, 对听 听写中的几个明显错误是：1考生对这种标准听写形式的陌生,
写材料进行改写甚至发挥到加工成作文；2 写材料进行改写甚至发挥到加工成作文；2 不知如何利用第一遍听音 时把握全文的大意(top时把握全文的大意(top-down approach), 而着急写，丢了西瓜捡芝 麻(bottom-up)，只见部分单词而缺少骨架结构；3 同样，在第四遍 (bottom-up)，只见部分单词而缺少骨架结构；3 结束后的两分钟复查时间里，不会很好地利用分析逻辑能力对有些明 显的或介词搭配或词语进行校正，小错不断，或丢词，或写出的内容 前后不通顺； 4 由于朗读中没有念出标点，而是靠学生自己听，判 断选择，于是就出现全文没有标点符号，没有大小写，或所有的停顿 处都是一种符号，或中文标点混用在英文短文里的情况。
题型
序号 题号 名称 题 题数 型 计分 比重 考试时 间
I
听写
主 1 观
15
15%
15
II
1-30
听力 A 对话 B 短文 C 新闻
30 客 10 观 10 题 10
15%
15
听写
• A. 听写的定义 • B.听写的技巧 B.听写的技巧 • C.听写的评分标准 C.听写的评分标准 • D. 听写的成绩及错误分析 • E. 提高听写能力的建议 • F.听写所需要的知识 F.听写所需要的知识
•
•
听写曾作为教学手段而历史源远流长，同时，作为测试综合技能的手段之 一，听写可根据考试目的，对象等的不同，在选材难度，朗读遍数及速度， 中间停顿时间的长短等方面，采用不同的形式，如：标准听写，部分听写， 干扰听写，作文听写等。在TEM4中，采用的是录音式标准听写，也就是要求 干扰听写，作文听写等。在TEM4中，采用的是录音式标准听写，也就是要求 考生在15分钟内在全面理解所听内容的基础上准确无误地逐字逐句写出全文 考生在15分钟内在全面理解所听内容的基础上准确无误地逐字逐句写出全文 听写考试要求: 能在全面理解内容的基础上逐字逐句写出所听的材料, 听写考试要求: 能在全面理解内容的基础上逐字逐句写出所听的材料, 拼写 和标点符号正确无误,错误率不超过8%,听写材料长度为150 个单词, 和标点符号正确无误,错误率不超过8%,听写材料长度为150 个单词,录音语速 为每分钟120个单词,题材广泛,体裁多样. 第一遍用正常语速朗读, 为每分钟120个单词,题材广泛,体裁多样. 第一遍用正常语速朗读,让学生听 懂材料的大意. 第二\三遍朗读时意群\分句和句子之间留15秒的空隙, 懂材料的大意. 第二\三遍朗读时意群\分句和句子之间留15秒的空隙,让学生 写.第四遍再用正常语速朗读,让学生检查.测试的目的是检查学生的听力理解 第四遍再用正常语速朗读,让学生检查. 能力,拼写熟练程度以及正确运用标点符号的能力. 能力,拼写熟练程度以及正确运用标点符号的能力.
至于标点，是听出来的，可以利用二读三读时的停顿，一般地说，二读时，某个意群如有停顿， 接下去是另一意群，那么两者之间可能有符号，如逗号，也可能没有，要看两者的关系，若是回读 （三读这一意群，那么这之后肯定是表示完整的一句结束了，最有可能是句号。 5. 听写是个相对机械，容易操做的测试手段，但提高听写决不是一朝一夕，靠突击就可以的， 加强相关能力训练，能够间接促进听写水平，同时，由教师或个人有计划有目的的反复实践听写， 也可以促进巩固各项语言知识，发展运用知识的熟巧，促使语言能力向交际能力转化。 6. 最后，还要注意书写的整洁，清淅，用原珠笔或钢笔按要求书写，以便于评阅。
B第一遍时,要集中精力听懂文章的主要内容,抓住中心大意,理解文章结构和上下文逻辑关系,不 1.在听第一遍时,要集中精力听懂文章的主要内容,抓住中心大意,理解文章结构和上下文逻辑关系, 要急于书写,否则会抓不住重点.只有在听懂文章主题以后, 要急于书写,否则会抓不住重点.只有在听懂文章主题以后,才能够启动理解某一主题所需要的语言和 非语言性知识,准确理解文章的内容,为准确书写做好准备. 非语言性知识,准确理解文章的内容,为准确书写做好准备. 2. 听写文章共分15个语意群,每个意群可能是词组\分句或单句.在第二遍朗读录音时,要以意群为单 听写文章共分15个语意群,每个意群可能是词组\分句或单句.在第二遍朗读录音时, 位去理解.在听意群时要抓关键句型和关键词,在听第三遍时,再把其它次要的内容补上. 位去理解.在听意群时要抓关键句型和关键词,在听第三遍时,再把其它次要的内容补上.一些来不及写 的词可用缩略形式或符号代替,等最后一遍或最后复查两分钟时写出完整的词. 的词可用缩略形式或符号代替,等最后一遍或最后复查两分钟时写出完整的词.听写的评分主要是看 能否写出文章的主要信息,然后再对一些小的错误扣分.总之,要按意群来听写,因为听写成绩是以15个 能否写出文章的主要信息,然后再对一些小的错误扣分.总之,要按意群来听写,因为听写成绩是以15个 意群分割15分 每个意群一分,所以个别词或句子的错误或遗漏不会影响其它意群的得分. 意群分割15分,每个意群一分,所以个别词或句子的错误或遗漏不会影响其它意群的得分. 3. 把握标点符号 标点符号也是听写的一项内容.在读第二\三遍时, 意群之间有15秒的间隙.在大部分情况下, 标点符号也是听写的一项内容.在读第二\三遍时, 意群之间有15秒的间隙.在大部分情况下,每个间隙 有一标点符号,但有些没有,这就要求考生根据上下文语境正确理解每个句子, 有一标点符号,但有些没有,这就要求考生根据上下文语境正确理解每个句子,听出一些长句中的短语 或分句.标点符号不是靠听出来的,但一些基本的标点如逗号\句号\引号\冒号要求学生能正确的掌握. 或分句.标点符号不是靠听出来的,但一些基本的标点如逗号\句号\引号\冒号要求学生能正确的掌握. 4. 重视复查 在听完第二\三遍后,可写出文章的主要内容,但一些细节还是会被漏掉或写错. 在听完第二\三遍后,可写出文章的主要内容,但一些细节还是会被漏掉或写错.这就需要好好利用第 四遍和最后两分钟复查时间,检查书写内容中的小错,如拼写\搭配或遗漏等,使最后的文章准确通顺. 四遍和最后两分钟复查时间,检查书写内容中的小错,如拼写\搭配或遗漏等,使最后的文章准确通顺.
F.听写所需要的知识 F.听写所需要的知识
• 语言知识方面 • 首先,必须提高听力水平,熟悉英美国家人士发音的不同方式\语音语调,其次, 首先,必须提高听力水平,熟悉英美国家人士发音的不同方式\语音语调,其次,
对于大纲中所例单词和短语,不仅要认知,而且会熟悉拼写, 对于大纲中所例单词和短语,不仅要认知,而且会熟悉拼写,由于朗读中没有念 出分段或标点,因此考生听后,要根据篇章的理解来判断选择.另外, 出分段或标点,因此考生听后,要根据篇章的理解来判断选择.另外,考生可以 利用二读三读时的停顿,作为判断标点符号的基础.此外, 利用二读三读时的停顿,作为判断标点符号的基础.此外,要充分利用语法知识 进行分析,如单复数是否一致\上下文时态是否相配\大小写是否恰当\ 进行分析,如单复数是否一致\上下文时态是否相配\大小写是否恰当\介词搭 配或词语用法是否合乎规范\前后语义内容是否通顺等. 配或词语用法是否合乎规范\前后语义内容是否通顺等. 非语言能力方面 加强记忆和速记能力.有时侯,听的内容都懂了, 加强记忆和速记能力.有时侯,听的内容都懂了,但由于记忆的问题或时间的问 题没写下来,因此在平时的训练中, 题没写下来,因此在平时的训练中,有意识地不是以单个的词而是以意群为单 位进行理解和记忆;在短暂的停顿空间,如果时间来不及, 位进行理解和记忆;在短暂的停顿空间,如果时间来不及,可以选用自己熟悉的 缩写形式或符号记录,等以后有时间再复员.这种速记能力也要靠平时的多练, 缩写形式或符号记录,等以后有时间再复员.这种速记能力也要靠平时的多练, 才能获得.如果在听的过程中有个别词或词组一下反应不过来, 才能获得.如果在听的过程中有个别词或词组一下反应不过来,就不要苦苦纠 缠该词,要跟着录音进行下一意群的听写, 缠该词,要跟着录音进行下一意群的听写,避免个别词或句的错漏影响对其它 内容的听音. 内容的听音.