最全常用高频词替换（2）
36组英文常用的高频替换词表达，让你的英语作文轻松得高分！
36组英文常用的高频替换词表达，让你的英语作文轻松得高分！一，保持稳定:Level out, do not change, remainstable/still/steady/unchanged, bestable, maintain/maintain the samelevel, be still, stay constant, keep atthe same level, level off, stabilize,keep its stability, even out 二，急剧地:Dramatically, drastically, sharply,hugely, enormously, steeply,substantially, considerably,significantly, markedly, surprisingly，strikingly, radically, vastly,remarkably, noticeably 三，平稳地:Steadily, smoothly, slightly, slowly，marginally, gradually, moderately, mildly四宣称:Allege, assert, declare, claim五，发生:Happen, occur, take place六，原因:Reason, factor, cause七，发展:Development, advance, progress八，有益的:Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable,rewarding, advantageous九，影响:Affect, influence, impact, effect十，明显的:Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident,manifest, apparent, crystal-clear,transparent十一，占:Comprise, take up, account for,constitute, consist of, make up,occupy, hold, compose十二，与.....相比:Compared with, compared to, incomparison with, in comparison to,by comparison with, by comparisonto十三，对比而言:By contrast, in contrast, on the otherhand, on the contrary, conversely十四，展示:Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate,depict, present, represent, describe十五，大约:Approximately, almost, about,around, nearly, roughly十六，波动:Fluctuate, go ups and downs, displayfluctuation, demonstrate afluctuation十七，事实上:Practically, in practice, essentially,in essence, in reality, in effect, infact, as amatter of fact, it is a fact that...十八，换言之:Namely, that is to say, in otherwords, to put it like this, to put itdifferently, to put it from another way, to put it from another angle十九，优势:Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit,upside, strength二十，缺陷:Disadvantage, demerit, drawback,downside, weakness二十一，解决:Solve, deal with, cope with, handle,resolve, address, tackle 二十二，损害:Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair,undermine, jeopardize, prejudice二十三，给与:Give, offer, render, impart, provide,supply, afford二十四，培养:Develop, cultivate, foster二十五，使迷惑:Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle,confuse二十六，重要的:Key, crucial, critical, important,significant, vital, substantial,indispensable, imperative二十七，认为:Consider, reckon, think, believe, insist,maintain, assert, conclude, deem,hold, argue, be (firmly/fully) convinced二十八，保护:Protect, conserve, preserve二十九，确保:Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge三十，有害的:Bad, baneful, evil, harmful, detrimental三十一，要求:Request, demand, needs, requisition三十二，消除:Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, takeaway, smooth away, eradicate三十三，导致:Lead to, bring about, result in, cause,spark off, conduce to, procure, induce,generate三十四，因此:So, therefore, thus, hence,consequently, as a consequence,accordingly, as a result, because ofthis, as a result of this三十五，增长至:Grow to, rise to, increase to, go upto, climb to, ascend to, jump to,shoot to三十六，降低至:Dip to, fall to, decline to, decreaseto, drop to, go down to, reduce to ,slump to, descend to, sink to, slide to。
英语阅读高频同义替换
1. think，思考的常用替如下：〔下同〕，主：argue, maintain, hold, believe考： take ⋯ into consideration, consider, ponder, meditate, contemplate, think over, reflecton/upon.2. decide：断定下，断定： come to the conclusion, arrive at the conclusion, draw the conclusion, conclude, judge, assert, wind up3. get:得到得： acquire, obtain, attain, reap得，取得earn, gain, procure4. support:支持支持，成：approve of, in favor of ,uphold, stand by one's side, agree with, give ones' assent提倡： advocate, recommend抵抗： resist, boycott6. important:重要的意深的，重大的：far-reaching, profound, significant, eventful重要的，有决定性的： key, essential, fundamental, crucial, decisive, vial, substantial.扮演一个重要角色： play an important part in ```7. use:使用充分运用： optimize, make best/full use of使用： employ, utilize用： apply8. glad, happy:高的高的，心情好的： be in a good mood, cheerful, joyful, joyous, pleased, delighted9. hard-working:勤的勤的，勤勉的： diligent, studious, industrious10. serious:真的真的，慎的： conscientious, cautious11. calm:平静的冷静的，清醒的： sober, reasonable, sensible, rational13. tired：累的疲不堪的： exhausted, fatigued, run-down, worn-out, weary15. stop:阻止阻碍，阻止：hinder, curb, hamper, restrain, prevent, ward off, avoid16.好处：good side害处：bad side好处，优点：advantage, merit, benefit害处，缺点：disadvantage, defect, flaw, drawback, deficiency17. join:参加参加： participate in , attend, take part in, go in for, engage in18. pay one's attention to：注意集中精力于，专心于：focus on, center on,concentrate on, set one's mind on, be lost in, be occupied in, be attentive on19.depend on: 依赖，依靠依赖，依靠： rely on, lean on20.ability = capability21.aim = objective22.always = invariably23.ancient = archaic24.angry = enraged25.appear = emerge26.arrest = detention27.attack = assault29.avoid = shun30.bad = decayed33.best = optimal34.big = massive37.brave = bold38.brief = concise40.busy = occupied43.catch = capture45.clean = purified47.cold = chilly49.danger = peril53.dislike = disgust54.enlarge = magnify55.expensive = costly56.fair = impartial57.fame = prestige58.famous = distinguished59.field = domain60.force = compel61.forever = perpetual63.free = liberal64.good = beneficial65.greatly = increasingly66.hot = boiling67.lonely = solitary68.method = approach69.near = adjacent70.nowadays = currently71.obey = comply with72.obvious = apparent75.part = component76.partner = associate77.poor = pathetic80.quite = fairly81.rapid = swift82.result = consequence84.ruin = devastate85.run = chase86.sharp = acute87.short = deficient88.show = demonstrate89.so = consequently90.stop = cease91.strange = weird92.top = peak93.ugly = hideous95.vague = obscure96.wet = humid98.wrong = erroneous99.smelly = unpleasant100.surprise = startlehouse —— building, dwelling, lodgeancient——aged, antique, elderlybusiness——job, affair, tradeprotect——defend, shield, ensure misleading——deceptive, delusive, delusory emotion——sentiment, excitement, sensitivitymeasure —— compare, rank, estimate, appraise reduce——cut back, lower, decrease growth——developmentprofession——careerincrease——add to, raise, enlarge, expand progress——advance, proceed, go ahead technology——skill, techniquehighway——road, freeway, expressway associate——join, connect, combine, unitemethod —— way, manner, plan, form, design, arrangement convenience——comfortableprofit——gain, benefit, advantage, proceeds research——delve, inquire, hunt, look into experiment——test, prove, researchargument——dispute, controversyfault—— mistake, error, defect, flaw, misdeedrubbish —— waste, trash, garbagedecision —— condusion, determinationstress —— force, strain, tension, pressurecrisis—— emergency, critical, piontautomobile —— motorcar, lorry, truck, car, bus, coachrecreation—— play, amusement, pleasure, pastimeforbid —— stop, pronibit, preventbenefit—— caitalize, profitelder —— older, seniormaterial—— substance, stuff, matterindividual—— single, separate, personalreason——cause, logic, explanationunderwater —— deep-seaaverage——[普通的]：usual, ordinary, passableregulate —— [ 管理 ] ： manage, direct, handle, control[ 调整 ] ： adjust, remedy, rectify, correctalthough 表转折——despite, but, however, in fact, indeedpossess拥有——own, have, hold, control, maintain, occupypromotion 促进，提升，提拔——advancement, forwarding, improvement, rise, betterment, progress negotiation谈判，协商，准备——arrange, settle, mediate, talk overengage 从事，占去 ,卷入——involve, entanglebenefit利益，得益——capitalize, profitsettle定居——occupy, inhabit, live in, locate, conolizeimmigrants 移民——people from other countriesemployment 就业——job, careerto keep a record记录——to keep a diaryaction 行为——what they didlapse——error, fault, slip,research 研究，——delve, search, study, investigate, inquire, explore, look intolayoff解雇——unemployment, downsizing in workersassociate 合——join, connect, unite, combineopponent手——enemy, foe, adversary, competitor, rival, saboteurargument争——dispute, controversyoppose 反—— counteract, fight, struggle, resist, conflict with, refuserealize知，了解——understand, grasp, conceive, comprehend, appreciate以上的同替不管是破折号之前的是之后的都是在真里面出的，其中不乏一些高。
英语高频同义词汇替换归纳
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四、Contrast 转折 (but ) 表对前面论述的转折 // 一般后面才是作者观点 however // on the other hand // despite // in spite of // though // although // but // on the contrary // otherwise // yet // instead of // rather // whereas // nonetheless // in contrast 五、Certainty 确定 (of course) 强烈的确定 // 后面是作者的坚定论点 obviously // certainly // plainly // of course // undoubtedly 六、Condition 条件/ 因为 (if ) 后面跟随着某种情况发生的前提或者是条件。 if // unless // whether // provided that // Given that // for // so that // whether // depending on 七、Time 时间 (when ) before // since // as // until // meanwhile // at the moment // when // whenever // as soon as // just as 八、Summary 总结 (in a word) 作者的最后总结 in conclusion // in summary // lastly // finally // to sum up // to conclude // to recapitulate 重述 // in short // in a word 九、Example 举例 (for example) for example // for instance // just as // in particular // such as // namely 也 就是
高中英语阅读理解答题236个高频同义转换词速记
高中英语阅读理解答题236个高频同义转换词速记名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的从句，使用名词性从句可以使表达更加丰富、地道。
（一）主语从句：It做形式主语/What引导的主语从句功能：为避免头重脚轻，英语中习惯将真正的主语放在句尾，句首用it作形式主语。
What引导的主语从句常用作句型：最令某人印象深刻/吃惊/震惊的是......e.g.:1.It suddenly occurred to him that the family inside was in danger.2.What impressed him most is that his mother never lost faith in finding him.句子练习：1.我从未想到我们学校的篮球队会在决赛中败北。
It never occurred to me that the basketball team of my school would be defeated in the final.2.我突然意识到，与另一支队伍比赛是一个很好的学习机会。
It struck me all of a sudden that playing against the other team is a great learning opportunity.3.重要的是，我们从来没有丧失过继续努力的热情。
It is important that we never lose the enthusiasm to keep on trying.4.据说学习中心会提供帮助给像我这样的学生。
It is said that the Learning Center provides help for students like me.5.他是否能参加这次活动还不确定。
It is uncertain whether he can take part in the activity or not.6.众所周知，有志者事竟成。
英语高频词的替换：
高频词的替换：1 一直，总是Always—invariably2 一直以来All the time—constantly，continuously，continually，perpetually3 结果As a result—consequently，turn out，come out4 基本上，主要的Basically—substantially，in essence，essentially5 可以，能够Able，can—capable，in a(n) position6 首先First—in the first place，first of all，to begin with7 其次Secondly，then，next—in the second place，in the next place8 重要的Important—vital，crucial，prominent，cardinal9 然后Then—after that，afterwards10 我认为In my opinion—if you ask me，to my way of thinking11 组成，设立Be amount to—constitute12 因此So，therefore—consequently13 理解Understand—appreciate14 产生Yield—produce(results)15 足够的Enough—ample，sufficient，adequate16 解决Solve—work sth out17 到处Everywhere—here and there，all over，abroad ad18 适当的Fitting—proper，appropriate19 拥有Have—contain，be equipped with，possess20 如果If –in case of，in the event of21 有趣的Interesting—entertaining，engaging，22 有活力的Energetic—dynamic，vigorous，animated23 充足的Abundant—ample，plentiful，generous24 勇敢Brave—courageous，bold，fearless，25 合理的Reasonable—sound，rational，sensible，26 著名的Famous—renowned，noticeable，notable，27 有益的Helpful—favorable，favorable，rewarding，28 许多Many—numerous，a host of，multitude of29 不同的Different—various，a variety of，diverse30 普遍的Common—commonplace，universal，pervasive，31 唯一的Only—solely，unique，merely?41 继续，持续Keep—continue，continually，continuously，consistently，persist in42 了解Know—be aware of，conversant with，familiar with43 结束In the end—eventually，finally，ultimately44 钱Money—funding，funds，resources45 需要Need—require，demand46 临近，挨着Next to—adjacent47 现在Now—at this moment，at present，currently，at this juncture48 经常，频繁Often—frequent(ly)49 快速的Quick—rapid，prompt50 富裕的Rich—wealthy，affluent，opulent，well-heeled，well-to-do51 正确的Right—appropriate，correct，proper52 建立Set up，build—establish53 表示Show，express，mean—indicate，presentation，signify，demonstrate，evince，manifest54 方面Side—aspect，behalf55 很多，大量的 A lot—a great deal，considerably，noticeably，substantially56 后来的Later—subsequent57 允许，让Allow，let—permit58 喜欢Like—to be partial to sth，liking59 偏爱Liking—predilection for sth，partiality for sth60 很多，大量的A lot—a great deal，considerably，noticeably，substantially。
十大高频替换词
十大高频替换词：1、think=advocate、be convinced、contend、deem、hold the opinion that…2、people(persons)=individuals、citizens、characters、folks3、very=dramatically、tremendously、extraordinarily4、important=significant、essential、vital、indispensableNot=hardly、never5、like=enjoy、be fond of、fall in love with、prefer、be crazy about6、many=a great many、a(n) sea/ocean of、an army of、a+n.(表量的概念)+of7、different=various/a various of、separate、diverse8、good=positive、desirable、advantageous、beneficial9、bad=negative、undesirable、disadvantageous、evil、discouraging10、more and more=a number of、an increasing number of万能句万能句子开头不言而喻的是：It goes without saying that…毫不夸张的是：It may be said without exaggeration that…必须被承认的是：It must be admitted/acknowledged that…不可否认的是：There is no denying that fact that…American president Washington once side: … is beyond everything.美国总统华盛顿曾经说过：…很重要。
常用高级词汇替换
精心整理1．持某观点:claim(contend,deem,reckon,assert,sharethebeliefthat)2．支持某观点:advocate(maintainvoteforsidewithbeinfavorof)3．反对某观点:contradict(criticizebeagainstcastdoubtson)4.合理的：justified(sensiblefeasibleconvincing,persuasive,rational,practicable,logical,wise,sagacious,viable,preferab le,advisable,appropriate,holdwaterbearmuchanalysis)5.好处：advantage(benefit,merit,positiveside,upside,boon,pros)6.弊端：disadvantage(defect,demerit,negativeside,downside,flaw,drawback,bane,cons)7.肯定：8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.带来22.23.建立24.要求25.去除26.探讨27.28.29.足够30.解决tackle(resolve,address)31.意识awareness(consciousness)32.控制curb(regulate,censor)33.解释：accountfor（beresponsiblefor,beattributedto）34.投资finance(investin,subsidize)35.缓解relieve(ease,alleviate)36.压力stress(pressure,strain)37.遵循observe(follow,conformto)38.继承inherit(handdown，carryforward)39.培养cultivate（train,foster）40.促进promote(contributeto,upgrade)【定制留学专属规划，提高名校入读机率】41.适应adaptto(adjustto,acclimateto)42.提供provide(render,afford)43.替代replace(substitute,taketheplaceof)44.保护preserve(protect，safeguard)45.证据evidence(proof)46.赢得gain(acquire,attain)47.国外的foreign(alien,exotic)48.重视attachimportanceto(emphasis,highlight)49.发展advance(development,progress)50.51.吸引52.53.54.实现55.危害56.损害57.阻碍58.禁止59.责备60.污染61.腐蚀62.欺骗63.冲突64.驱使65.66.67.68.69.70.71.72.73.激烈的intense(fierce,vigorous)74.严厉的stringent(rigorous,rigid)75.与…相关berelatedto(beassociatedwith,belinkedto)76.难以置信的unbelievable(incredulous,virtual)77.惊人的extraordinary(marvelous,spectacular)78.有抱负的ambitious（aggressive,aspirant）79.固有的inherent（nature,innate）80.稳定的steady(stable,constant)【定制留学专属规划，提高名校入读机率】81.恶化worsen(aggravate,deteriorate)82.夸大exaggerate(overstate)83.限制restrain(constrain,confine)84.拆除teardown（knockdown,pulldown）85.加速accelerate(speedup,precipitate)86.占优势predominate(dominate)87.分辨distinguish(differentiate,discern)88.抵消counteract(offset,cancelout)89.开展launch(conduct,carryout)90.承担assume(shoulder,accept)91.颁布,制定enact(enforce,promulgate,mapout)92.影响influence(impact，pervade)93.差异difference(distinction,gap)94.交流95.接触96.优先97.节约98.面临99.措施100.注意1.2.损害：3.给与：4.培养：5.优势：6.缺陷：7.8.解决9.认为：nvinced10.11.12.13.14.15.16.因此：So,therefore,thus,hence,consequently,asaconsequence,accordingly,asaresult,becauseofthis,asaresultofth is17.增长至：Growto，riseto，increaseto，goupto，climbto，ascendto，jumpto，shootto18.降低至：Dipto，fallto，declineto，decreaseto，dropto，godownto，reduceto，slumpto，descendto，sinkto，slideto19.保持稳定：Levelout，donotchange，remainstable，remainstill，remainsteady，bestable，maintainthesamelevel，remainunchanged，bestill，remainthesamelevel，stayconstant，keepatthesamelevel，leveloff，stabilize，keepitsstability，evenout20.急剧地：Dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply，substantially，considerably，significantly，markedly，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably21.平稳地：Steadily，smoothly，slightly，slowly，marginally，gradually，moderately，mildly22.宣称：Allege,assert,declare,claim23.发生：Happen,occur,takeplace24.原因：Reason,factor,cause25.发展：Development,advance,progress26.有益的：Useful,helpful,beneficial,profitable,rewarding，advantageous27.影响：Influence,impact,effect28.明显的：Clear,obvious,evident,self-evident,manifest,apparent,crystal-clear29.占：Comprise,takeup,accountfor,constitute,consistof,makeup,occupy,hold,compose30.与…相比：Comparedwith，comparedto，incomparisonwith，incomparisonto，bycomparisonwith，bycomparisonto31.32.33.34.35.，36.。
阅读高频同义替换词汇总
阅读高频同义替换词汇总(2017升级版)(最全面)注#1：下面的等号不代表词义词性的完全相同，只是一种意思上的对应。
注#2：红色字体单词不常用，但是比较重要。
/财产：property=real estate=estate=asset/精确：precision=accuracy/创新：thinking ability=critical thinking=creative=innovation/认为合理：think proper=logical thinking/推理：reasoning=logical thought=thought/大众文化：popular culture=common culture/文化力：cultural power=assimilating power/阻止：prevent=hinder=refrain=deter/法官：judge=Justice/忧虑：apprehension=worry=anxiety=depression=gloomy=frustration/人：mind(有才智的人;精英)=people=individual/信心：faith=confidence=assertiveness/斥责：dismiss=rebuke=criticize/tap(开发)：tap the market=explore the market=expand the market/处理：resolve=handle=tackle=deal with=cope with=dispose=address /繁荣：prosperous=flourish=boom/合并：merger and acquisition=consolidation=concentration/转变,转换：alter=change=transform=shift=switch=modify=convert=vary/替换：replace=substitute=displace=change/首位：predominance=primary=primitive=primacy/参加：attendance=join in=take part in=participate(participant参与者)=be present at/强调：stress=highlight=emphasize=underline/增加：increase=rise=raise=boost=skyrocket=advance=progress=improve= grow=enhance=soar=develop/数据：data=statistics=figure/复杂：complicated=mixed=complex=perplex=intricate=sophisticated=confus ed/影响：impact=affect=influence/压力：stress=pressure=press=strain/政客：politician=statesman/特点：feature=characteristic=trait/改革：reform=revolution/心情：mood=emotion=atmosphere/愤怒：rage=outrage=grievance=indignation/限制：limit=restrict=constrict=discipline=confine=hold back=scale back=curb on(遏制)/地位：status=rank/可用的：usable=available=applicable=leisure(空闲的)/偏见：bias=prejudice=discrimination=inequality/授予：grant=award/语言：verbally=language=words=lingual/交易：deal=trade=exchange=transaction/加强：promote=facilitate=enhance=strengthen=reinforce/保守：conservative(conservation保存)=traditional=custom/顾客：customer=client=consumer=guest/暂停,延期：suspend=phase back=put off=postpone=delayed/信息：information=message=data=figure=statistics/故意：deliberately=intentionally=purposely=on/in purpose/冷漠：indifferent=neutral(中立的)=carefree/吸引：appeal=attract=fascinate=tempt/作为：serve as=function as/对手：rival=equal=comparative=competitor=opponent=adversary/谨慎：prudent=cautious=discreet=scrupulous=wary=alert/标准：standard=level=criteria/地区：regions=scope=range=sphere(势力范围)/观察：perceive=observe/公平,公正：fair(fairness)=impartial=just=unbiased=disinterested/保护：protect=guard=safeguard=defend(defendant辩护,被告)=shield /生产：yield=manufacturer=generate/脆弱：vulnerable=weak=feeble=fragile=susceptible/关于：concerning=in terms of=with respect to/主张：claim=proclaim=remark=advocate=allegation=comment/部分,成分：component=portion=element=proportion=percentage=ingredient=cons tituent=part/意识：aware=conscious/承认：admit=acknowledge/永恒：eternal=permanent=everlasting=perpetual=invariable/谋生：earn one's living=make one's living = live off/值得尊敬：worthy=respectable(区别:respective分别的)/尊敬：worship=esteem=admire/遵守：comply with=conform to/水流：currency=stream/获得：gain=acquire=achieve=fetch=obtain=derive/培养：nurture=foster=cultivate/学术：academic=scholastic=scholarly/奇怪：weird=odd=peculiar=strange/模糊：dim=vague=obscure=loom/薪水：salary=pay=wage=emolument/津贴：subsidy=pension=allowance/告示：announcement=notice=poster=bulletin/需要：require=need=take=want=call for=cry for=entail(需要,使必要)=demand/痛苦：misery(miserable)=suffering=pain=unpleasant=grief=grievance(还有“不满,愤怒”之意)/权力：power=authority=control=dominance=rule(统治)=influence(影响力)/迷惑的,欺骗的：misleading=confusing = deceptive= unrealistic= misrepresentative= false /不清楚的,不确定的：unclear= uncertain= doubtful= undecided= unsure= in doubt= vague= ambiguous/经常,通常：often= more often than not(往往,多半)= every sooften= frequently= usually= over and over again= time andagain= repeatedly= habitually= regularly/认为：argue= maintain= allege= insist= affirm= hold= think= suppose/表明：show= prove= illustrate= demonstrate= confirm= indicate= establish= sug gest= reveal= uncover= disclose= make known/批评：critical(criticism)=disapproving=disagreeing=disapproval=blame=censur e=disparage/大众：the masses=the general public=consumers(消费者)=ordinary people=rank and file(普通成员)=populace(百姓,平民)/重要的：important=significant=vital=imperative=central=chief=key=main=ess ential=principal=critical=crucial=weighty=indispensible(不可或缺)/招收：enroll=employ=take on=enlist=draft(征募)=engage(聘用)=conscript=sign up=enroll=hire=recruit=select(选拔)/感觉,意识到：sense=feel=understand=realize/供给：supply=stock=provide=furnish=feed=provision/愚笨的：clumsy=awkward=unskillful/怀疑的：doubtful=suspicious=questionable=suspect=uncertain=dubious=skepti cal/难以置信地：incredibly=unbelievably=unlikely/保护：protect=defend=guard=shelter=shield=preserve/例外：exception=exclusion/自然地：naturally=certainly=surely=indeed注：反义是artificially(人工地)/全体人员：personnel=staff=faculty(全体教员)=crew=workers/适当地,正确地：properly=appropriately=suitably=correctly/适度的：moderate=modest=proper/扩大：widen=broaden=enlarge=extend=expand=stretch/源于：derive from=originate from=stem from=come from/多样性：diversity=variety=multiplicity=difference/狭窄的,缩小：narrow=limited=restricted=tighten=narrow down/交流：communicate=convey=transmit=inform/完全地,彻底地：completely=entirely=utterly=fully=altogether=thoroughly=absolutely= perfectly=totally/方面,外观：aspect=appearance=look=view/性格,品质：character=quality=personality=nature/无意识的：unconscious=unaware=absent-minded=unintentional/分析,研究：analyze=evaluate=study/贡献：contribute=donate=provide=give/描述：describe=portray=represent=picture/职业,行业：profession=occupation=career=trade/任务：mission=assignment=duty=task/业绩，执行：performance=act=achievement=accomplishment/尤其,特别：especially=particularly=primarily=chiefly/显著地,非凡地：remarkably=extraordinarily=unusually=surprisingly/巨大的：enormous=huge=vast=massive=giant=mammoth=gigantic=colossal =gargantuan=titanic=immense/考虑：contemplate=meditate=ponder=speculate/一致的：consensus=consistent=unanimous=coherent/商品：commodity=merchandise= purchase(购置物)/小册子：brochure=booklet=pamphlet/充足的：ample=affluent=plentiful=sufficient=superfluous=abundant=adequate /假冒,模仿：simulate=imitate=disguise=mock=forge=hypocrisy=pattern /小屋：hut=shed=cottage/渗透：permeate=penetrate=saturate/租：lease=rent=tenant=hire/暂时的,临时的：temporary=transient=interim=tentative=briefly/气味：scent=odor=fragrant=perfume/腐败,侵蚀：corrode=rot=decay=corrupt=stale=degenerate/退：repel=recede=retreat=retire/鄙视：contempt=despise=scorn=disdain=look down upon/波动：swing=sway=vibrate=fluctuate/微不足道的：negligible=trivial=insignificant/脆的,易碎的：fragile=brittle=crisp=delicate/杰出的：prominent=eminent=renowned/要回,索取：reclaim=refund=retrieve=withdraw/附属：affiliate=appendix=auxiliary/活力的：energetic=robust=vigorous=brisk=dynamic/讽刺：satire=sarcastic=irony/声誉：reputation=celebrity=fame=prestige/隐伏的：underlying=implicit=latent=loom=potential/工作：vocation=occupation= pursuit/治疗：remedy=therapy=medication/开始：commence=outset=threshold/管理：supervise=administrate=manage=regulate/枯燥的：tedious=monotonous/迅速的：swift=prompt=instant/堆：heap=stack=pile/养育：nourish=nurture=rear=foster/可能：likelihood=possibility=potentiality/真正的：authentic=genuine=real/固有的：inherent=intrinsic=innate=inborn/原始的：primitive=primeval=incipient/剩余的：remainder=surplus=redundant=remnant=excess/遗传,继承：inherit=heritage=legacy=successor/传统的：conventional=traditional=orthodox=used to do/损害：impair=damage=ruin=harm/显然的：conspicuous=obvious=evident/反驳：refute=retort=contradict/庄严：solemn=sacred=majesty/更新,恢复：renovate=revive=refresh=rejuvenate=regain=restore。
雅思 高频词汇及常用语气词汇(2)
雅思高频词汇（31-60）序号雅思高频词同义替换词中级同义替换词基础含义31Relieve, lessen Minimize, lighten Ease减轻32Inexorable,remorseless Inevitable,inescapable,destinedunavoidable不可避免的33Astonished,astounded, betaken aback Amazed Surprised惊讶的34Climb, gain,escalate, ascend Pick up, be onthe increaseGo up, increase,rise上升35Outdated,outmoded Old-fashioned Traditional传统的36Strategy,approachTechnique Way, method方法37Circumstance Surroundings Environment环境38Exemplify Illustrate Give an example举例39End, target Objective, goal Purpose, aim目的40Recruit, sign up Appoint Employ 雇佣雅思高频词汇序号雅思高频词同义替换词中级同义替换词基础含义41Skeptical Suspicious Doubtful怀疑的42Original,brand-new, freshNovel New新的43Categorize Classify, sort Group分类44Lasting,sustainableConsistent Unchanging持续的45Eradicate,eliminate Wipe out Get rid of, do awaywith根除46Resembling,identical Alike,comparableSame类似的47Metropolitan Urban,downtownCity城市的48Cycle, era Period Age年代49Narrate, depict Give an account Describe描述of50Revolting, nasty Offensive,disgustingUnpleasant讨厌的雅思高频词汇序号雅思高频词同义替换词中级同义替换词基础含义51Stink Odour Smell味道52Trash Rubbish,garbageWaste垃圾53Adapt,customize,Transform Modify, convert,alterChange转变54Booming,thriving Flourishing Successful繁荣的55Passionate, avid,fervent Intense,intensiveStrong, powerful强烈的56Fatigue,drowsinessexhaustion tiredness疲劳57Impartial,unbiased,disinterested Neutral Objective客观的58Perceive, spot Be aware of, beconscious ofObserve, notice观察59Be composed of,comprise Consist of Include, be madeup of包含60recognize Identify Tell识别出Words to describe tone:Admiring affectionate亲切的，充满深情的amused angry apologetic ashamed calmingCaring Encouraging conceited自负的critical curious defensive doubtful Cheerful excited forgiving grateful fright ened humorous insulting侮辱的，用反语的Serious sympathetic worried arrogant傲慢的bewildered disbelieving ironic挖苦的Mocking objective superior有优越感的tolerant optimistic pessimistic self-mockin g嘲弄的，嘲笑的。
高考英语高频词替换词
高考常用词汇总结
9“抓” take hold of 抓着 seize紧抓 grasp 握住 scratch 抠、挠 10“打” hit一次性的打击 beat不间断的打击
strike突然的击打/突然想到 blow吹刮 attack攻击 11“扔” throw 扔
drop掉 放弃 错过 fall 倒下无意掉下来 wave 招手 shake摇
discuss debate辩论 declare宣布 claim自称 mention 提起 admit 承认 deny 否绝 describe描述 announce 公布 introduce 介绍 complain抱怨
高考常用词汇总结
3.“叫” cry call shout scream sigh叹息 quarrel
skip 单腿跳 slip溜 enter进入 move搬迁 drive开车 ride 骑 fly飞 crawl 匍匐前进
16“坐” sit down
be seated =seat oneself= take a seat
stand站，耸立
lean斜靠
17“睡/休息”
lie /on one’s back/ on one side/ on one’s stomach
高考常用词汇总结
1.“看” look see watch catch sight of stare瞪着 glare怒视 glimpse瞥见 observe观察 notice
高考常用词汇总结
2“说”
tell talk say speak
inform persuade bargain chat repeat explain warn remind
高考常用词汇总结
29建议/观点 advice/ suggestion proposal view recommendation 30.文章 reading /translation/ essay /poem
高频替换词
一、同义/近义类替换通过同义词、近义词或者反义词的否定形式来进行替换（一）人物类高频替换词1. exceptional=outstanding=brilliant=impressive=admirable=excellent 优秀；出色2. poor=bad=not very good=weak 差劲；弱；不擅长3. unsurpassed=top=greatest=finest=best 最好的；无人能超越的4. astounded=startled=be taken aback=astonished=amazed=surprised 惊讶的5. earnings=salary=income=pay=wage 工资；收入6. rage=indignation=wrath=anger 愤怒；愤慨7. celebrated=renowned=eminent=prestigious=well-known=famous 著名的（二）文化类高频替换词1. destruction=loss 损失；损坏2. play a part in=contribute to 对...有作用；促进3. vital=crucial=essential=important 重要4. mating=courtship 交配5. intensify=expand=widen 加强；扩大6. unfashionable=old-fashioned=outmoded=outdated=traditional 过时的；传统的7. enchanting=intriguing=appealing=attractive=interesting 有趣的；吸引的（三）教育类高频替换词1. syllabus=curriculum=course 课程2. rudimentary=degenerated=underdeveloped 不发达的3. confront=face=encounter=meet 面对；遇到4. instruct=coach=train=teach 指导；教导5. shield=safeguard=guard=protect 保护6. accountability=liability=responsibility=obligation=duty 责任；义务7. modify=alter=change 改变（四）科普类高频替换词1. impetus=stimulus=root=origin=factor=reason 动力；原因2. pinpoint=diagnose=identify 查明；判断；鉴定3. prolonged=enduring=abiding=lingering 持久的4. chronic=lasting=long-standing=long-running=long-term 长期的5. link to=be connected to=be linked to 联系6. stalk=track=tail=follow 跟踪；跟随7. optimum=ideal 最合适的；理想的8. resemble=similar=alike 相似的9. escalate=climb=grow=increase==rise=go up 上升10. varied=wide-ranging=diverse=mixed 多样的二、解释类替换通过用更简单但更篇幅更长的文字来解释其意思，从而达到同义替换的目的。
02 高考英语概要写作：高频替换词(2)
概要写作高频替换词（2）Part2 ：同义词转换021.描绘性形容词的转换1．好的good,excellent,outstanding,favorable2．坏的bad,awful,terrible,negative,harmful3．大的big,massive,huge,enormous,giant,vast4．小的small,tiny5．富的rich,wealthy,well-off6．穷的poor,needy7．有益的helpful,beneficial,rewarding,advantageous8．有害的harmful,damaging,destructive9．勇敢的brave,bold,courageous,fearless,daring10．害怕的afraid,frightened,scared,fearful11．严重的serious,severe12．困难的difficult,tough,challenging13．悲伤的sad,depressed,sorrowful,heartbroken14．高兴的happy,delightful,glad,joyful,merry,cheerful15．重要的important,essential,significant,vital,crucial,critical16．漂亮的beautiful,charming,attractive,fascinating,pretty,eye-catching 2.高频副词的转换17．经常often,regularly,frequently18．很少rarely,seldom,hardly ever19．起先firstly,originally,initially,to begin with20．然后then,subsequently,afterwards,thereafter21．最后lastly,ultimately,eventually,finally22．立刻immediately,shortly,right now,right away23．偶尔occasionally,at times,now and then24．也also,too,as well,likewise,either25．因为because,as,due to,since,in that26．非常very,exceedingly,extremely,highly27．目前now,at present,nowadays,recently28．忽然suddenly,all of a sudden,all at once29．当然certainly,definitely,undoubtedly30．但是however,nevertheless,while,yet31．大约approximately,about,around,roughly,almost32．平稳地steadily,smoothly33．只有,仅仅only,just,merely,barely34．实际上actually,as a matter of fact,indeed,in fact,truly35．完全地totally,completely,absolutely,entirely,fully36．因此so,therefore,thus,consequently,as a result,in consequencePart 3 实战演练Nowadays,it is most probable that you have an electronic device loaded with hundreds or even thousands of your favourite songs.At any moment in time,you can fill your headphones withthe sounds of a particular song that suits your mood at that exact time.Music is so common.But have you realized the power of it? Are you getting ready for a big soccer match or do you need to get excited? Maybe some hip hop with a strong beat will do the trick! Besides,you might be ready to study for a big exam the next day.To help you study better,a little bit of Mozart might make you remember things better.We may all have been moved by particular songs that spoke to us in some situations.But is there any scientific evidence showing that music really has such effect on people? Of course,there is! Scientists have long recognized the power of music.Over the years,many studies have been done to examine in greater depth the nature and extent of the effects music has on people.For example,scientists at the University of Missouri have found that listening to music can have positive effects on your mood.Their research gives scientific credibility (可靠性) to the behavior that many people have already experienced on their own-listening to upbeat music can brighten your day and boost your mood.Other studies have shown that upbeat music isn’t the only type of music that can be helpful,however.When people are sad or have suffered a personal loss,sad music can be helpful because the tone and lyrics of the music can resonate(引起共鸣) with the listeners.Likewise,people under a lot of stress or experiencing upsetting situations can benefit from listening to angry music.Although angry music might not help you if you’re in a normal mood,its tone can benefit you when you are dealing with stressful and upsetting situations.Thanks to advanced electronic devices,you can enjoy any music to your taste at any time.(要点1)Music has such great power that it can cater to different demands,which might not be fully recognized.(要点2)Scientific evidence confirms music has positive effects on people from its nature and extent.(要点3)Upbeat music can cheer you up.(要点4)Sad music and angry music can also be of some help when you are depressed or irritated.(要点5)。
高频词替换
形容词：1. 贫穷的：poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken2. 富裕的：rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off3. 优秀的：excellent = eminent = top = outstanding4. 积极的，好的：good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous5. 消极的，不良的：bad = detrimental= baneful =undesirable6. 明显的：obvious = apparent = evident =manifest7. 健康的: healthy = robust = sound = wholesome8. 惊人的：surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous9. 美丽的：beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching10. 有活力的：energetic = dynamic = vigorous =animated11. 流行的：popular = prevailing = prevalent= pervasive1.Everywhere 普遍的Widespread、Prevalent、Overflow、Rampant2.Good 好的Beneficial、Advantageous3.Harmful 有害的Inhumane、Detrimental、Baneful4.Rich 富有的Wealthy、Affluent5.Poor 贫穷的Impoverished7.Serious 严重的Severe8.Obvious 明显的Manifest、Apparent、Evident 9.cheap 便宜的Economical、Inexpensive ★动词：1. 提高，加强：improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize2. 引起：cause = trigger = endanger3. 解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with4. 拆除：destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate5. 培养: develop = cultivate = foster = nurture6. 激发，鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur7. 认为：think = assert= hold = claim = argue8. 完成：complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve9. 保留：keep = preserve = retain = hold10. 有害于：destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize11. 减轻: ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten1.Improve 提高：Promote、Advance、Enhance2.change 改变：Transform3.Emphasize 强调：Highlight、Stress、Address(这是个9星级用法)4.Develop培养：Agriculture、Cultivate、Nurture5.Break 破坏：Impair、Undermine这两个词指的是抽象意义上的破坏Jeopardize、Devastate6.Keep 保存Preserve、Conserve 保护资源7.deal With解决Tackle、Address（这也是高难度用法，很牛）、Resolve 8.need 需要Require、necessitate、call for★名词：1. 影响：influence= impact2. 危险：danger = perils =hazard3. 污染：pollution = contamination4. 人类：human beings= mankind = human race5. 老人：old people= the old = the elderly = the aged = senior citizens6. 幸福：happiness = cheerfulness = well-being7. 老师：teachers = instructors = educators = lecturers8. 教育：education = schooling = family parenting = upbringing9. 青少年：young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents10. 优点：advantage = merits = superiority = virtue11. 责任：responsibility = obligation = duty = liability12. 能力：ability = capacity = power = skill13. 职业：job = career = employment = profession14. 娱乐：enjoyment = pastimes = recreation= entertainment15. 孩子：children = offspring = descendant= kid1.Forefather 祖先Ancestor、Predecessor2.Difference不同Gap（简单但是牛）、Distinction3.Crime 犯罪Delinquency、Criminal Act4.Environment 环境Circumstance、Atmosphere、Surrounding、Ambience5.Pollution 污染Contamination6.Human 人类The human race Humanity Humankind7.Danger 危险Peril、Hazard8.In modern society 在当今社会In contemporary society In present-day society In this day and age★短语：1. 充满了：be filled with = be awash with = be inundate with = be saturated with2. 努力：struggle for = aspire after = strive for = spare no efforts for3. 从事：embark on = take up = set about = go in for4. 在当代: in contemporarysociety = in present-day society= in this day and age5. 大量的: a host of = a multitude of = a vast number of = a vast amount of★插入语1.indeed的确，2.surely无疑，3.however然而，4.obviously显然，5.frankly坦率地说，6.naturally自然，7.luckily (或happily)for sb.算某人幸运，8.fortunately/luckily 幸好，9.honestly真的， 10.briefly简单地说, 11.strange to say说也奇怪， 12.needless to say不用说，13.most impor tant of all最为重要是， 13.worse still更糟糕的是， 14.ina few words(或in sum，in short)简而言之， 15.in other words换句话说，16.in a sense在某种意义上， 17.in general一般说来， 18.in my view在我看来， 19.in conclusion总之， 20.in summary概括地说， 21.in fact事实上， 22.in the first place 首先，23.in addition此外，24.of course当然， 25.to my knowledge据我所知， 26.for instance(或example)例如， 27.as a matter of fact事实上,28.strictly speaking严格地说， 29.generally speaking一般地说，30.judging from…根据……判断,31.to be sure无疑， 32.to sum up概括地说， 33.to tell the truth老实说, 34.I am sure 我可以肯定地说，35.I believe我相信， 36.I wonder我不知道， 37.that is也就是说，38.it seems看来是，39.as I see it照我看来， 40.what is important (serious)重要(严重)的是1解决: Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle2损害：Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize3给与：Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford4培养：：Develop, cultivate, foster5优势：Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength6 缺陷：Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness7 使迷惑：Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle8 重要的：Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative9 认为：Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced10 保护：Protect, conserve, preserve11确保：Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge12 有害的：Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental13 要求：Request, demand, needs, requisition14 消除：Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away15 导致：Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate16 因此：So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this17 增长至：Grow to，rise to，increase to，go up to，climb to，ascend to，jump to，shoot to18降低至：Dip to，fall to，decline to，decrease to，drop to，go down to，reduce to，slump to，descend to，sink to，slide to19保持稳定：Level out，do not change，remain stable，remain still，remain steady，be stable，maintain the same level，remain unchanged，be still，remain the same level，stay constant，keep at the same level，level off，stabilize，keep its stability，even out20 急剧地：Dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply，substantially，considerably，significantly，markedly，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably21平稳地：Steadily，smoothly，slightly，slowly，marginally，gradually，moderately，mildly22 宣称：Allege, assert, declare, claim23 发生：Happen, occur, take place24 原因：Reason, factor, cause25 发展：Development, advance, progress26 有益的：Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding，advantageous27 影响：Influence, impact, effect28明显的：Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear29占：Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose30与…相比：Compared with，compared to，in comparison with，in comparison to，by comparison with，by comparison to31对比而言：By contrast，in contrast，on the other hand，on the contrary=，conversely 32展示：Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe33 大约：Approximately，almost，about，around，nearly，roughly34波动：Fluctuate，go ups and downs，display a fluctuation，demonstrate a fluctuation 35事实上：Practically，in practice，essentially，in essence，in reality，in effect，in fact，as a matter of fact，it is a fact that36换言之：Namely，that is to say，in other words，to put it like this，to put it differently，to put it from another way，to put it from another angle.1.individuals,characters, folks替换people ,persons2: positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising (有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替换good3:dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替换bad 如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换Eg.An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation ,as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive.4.(an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most)替换many.注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。
7-十二组高频英语单词或短语高分替换
十二组高频英语单词或短语高分替换第一组Obvious的9个高分替换1，clear-cut清晰的，明确的A clear-cut financial plan is a good idea at any age.不管什么年纪，制定一个清晰的财务规划都是好主意。
2，defining明确的，决定性的The defining factor in his success is his obvious dedication.他成功的关键因素是他明显的专注力。
3，striking显著的，醒目的Her striking leadership left a powerful impression.她令人瞩目的领导力给人留下了深刻印象。
4，self-evident不言而喻的Her talent was self-evident to everyone.她的才华在每个人眼中都是不言而喻的。
5，pronounced明显的He spoke with a pronounced stutter.他说话带有明显的口吃。
6，marked显著的There was a marked drop in temperature.气温有明显的下降7，self-explanatory不言而喻的I hope the graphs on the following pages are self-explanatory.我希望以下几页图表能一目了然。
9，noticeable显而易见的The class has made noticeable improvement.这个班已经取得引人注目的进步。
第二组Good的高分替换Outstanding：杰出的Noteworthy：值得注意的Superb：极好的Peerless：无与伦比的Terrific：极棒的Transcendental：超凡的Remarkable：卓越的Advantageous：有利的Splendid：精彩的Favorable：有利的Exceptional：卓越的Valuable：有价值的Commendable：值得称赞Rewarding：有益的Impressive：印象深刻的Productive：高效的Exemplary：模范的Constructive：建设性的Transcendent：卓越的Positive：积极的Praiseworthy：值得赞扬Fruitful：丰富的Splendiferous：极佳的Worthwhile：值得的Admirable：值得钦佩的Phenomenal显著的Strking显著的Promising有前途的Satisfying满意的empowering强大的第三组Famous的8个高分替换词1.prominent（著名的）：The artist's paintings are displayed in prominent galleries around the world.这位艺术家的画作在世界各地的著名画廊展出。
英语四、六级写作高分同义替换词300组(二)【101-200组：音标+释义】
四、六级写作高分同义替换词300组(二)101-200组:音标+详解success, is the heart of the created.成功，是内心的造就。
101.引起: cause - trigger - induce - provoke - attract - excite - arisecause [kɔːz] vt.使发生;造成;引起;导致trigger [ˈtrɪɡə] vt.触发;引起;发动;开动;起动induce [ɪnˈdjuːs] vt.诱导;引起;导致;诱使;劝说;引产;催生provoke [prəˈvəʊk] vt.激起;引起;引发;挑衅;激怒;刺激attract [əˈtrækt] vt.吸引;使喜爱;引起…的好感(或爱慕);招引excite [ɪkˈsaɪt] vt.使激动;使兴奋;刺激;使紧张不安;激发;引发;引起arise [əˈraɪz] vi.发生;出现;(由…)引起;(因…)产生;发展102.有害的: detrimental - harmful - evil - hurtful - injuriousdetrimental [ˌdetrɪˈmentl] adj.有害的,不利的harmful [ˈhɑːmfl] adj.有害的;(尤指对健康或环境)导致损害的evil [ˈiːvl] adj.恶毒的;邪恶的;有害的;道德败坏的;讨厌的;不幸的hurtful [ˈhɜːtfl] adj.伤感情的;伤害自尊的injurious [ɪnˈdʒʊəriəs] adj.造成伤害的;有害的103.有利的: beneficial - conducive - profitable - favourable - towardbeneficial [ˌbenɪˈfɪʃl] adj.有益的;有利的;有裨益的;有用的conducive [kənˈdjuːsɪv] adj.有利于;使容易(或有可能)发生的profitable [ˈprɒfɪtəbl] adj.有利可图的;赢利的;有益的;有好处的favourable [ˈfeɪvərəbl] adj.有利的;给人好印象的;肯定的;赞同的;支持的;有助于…的;好而不贵的toward [tə'wɔː] adj.有利的，顺利的;正在进行中的;有希望的;即将发生的104.保留: keep - preserve - retain - persist - reserve - withholdkeep [kiːp] v.保持;使耽搁;保有;保守;遵守preserve [prɪˈzɜːv] vt.保护;维护;保留;维持…的原状;保存retain [rɪˈteɪn] vt.保持;保留;持有;继续拥有persist [pəˈsɪst] v.坚持;持续存在;保持;维持reserve [rɪˈzɜːv] v.保留,留出;留存,储备;推迟作出,暂时不作;预订,预约 withhold [wɪðˈhəʊld] vt.拒绝给;不给;保留;隐瞒;扣留;抑制(情感等）105.完成: complete - fulfill - achieve - accomplish - finishcomplete [kəmˈpliːt] vt.完成;结束;填写(表格);使完整fulfill [fʊl'fɪl] vt.履行,执行,贯彻;完成,实现achieve [əˈtʃiːv] v.实现;完成;达到;成功accomplish [əˈkʌmplɪʃ] vt.完成finish [ˈfɪnɪʃ] v.完成;做好;(使)结束;吃完,喝光,用尽106.意识: sense - consciousness - awareness - perception - sentientsense [sens] n.感觉;知觉;感觉官能);意识,观念;理解力;辨别力,判断力; 鉴赏,认识;见识;智慧;天赋,资质,悟性;道理,合理性;益处 consciousness [ˈkɒnʃəsnəs] n.清醒状态;知觉;觉察;感觉;意识;观念;看法 awareness [əˈweənəs] n.知道;认识;意识;兴趣perception [pəˈsepʃn] n.知觉;感知;洞察力;悟性;看法;见解sentient [ˈsentiənt] n.意识;心;有知觉[感觉(力)]的人[物]107.渴望/希望: hope - desire - eagerness - urge - hunger - wishhope [həʊp] n.希望;期望;希望的东西;期望的事情;被寄予希望的人(或事) desire [dɪˈzaɪə] n.愿望;欲望;渴望;情欲;想望的人;渴望的事物eagerness [ˈiːgənɪs] n.渴望;殷切;热忱;热情urge [ɜːdʒ] n.冲动;强烈的欲望hunger [ˈhʌŋɡə] n.饥饿;饥荒;饥饿感;食欲;胃口;(对某事物的)渴望,渴求 wish [wɪʃ] n.希望;愿望;愿;心愿;想要的东西;希望的事;祝愿,祝福108.进展: progress - advance - headway - march - moveprogress [ˈprəʊɡres] n.进步;进展;进程;前进;行进advance [ədˈvɑːns] n.(部队的)前进,行进;进步;进展;预付款;勾引headway [ˈhedweɪ] n.前进,进展;前进速度;净空,净空高度;march [mɑːtʃ] n.前进;行军;示威游行;抗议游行;稳步发展;进行曲move [muːv] n.移动;行动;活动;改变;转变;动摇;搬家;走棋109.标准: standard - criteria - norm - benchmark - template - measurestandard [ˈstændəd] n.标准;水平;规格;规范;正常的水平;应达到的标准; 行为标准;道德水准;法定度量衡标准criteria [kraɪ'tɪəriə] criterion的复数n.标准;(评判或作决定的)准则;原则norm [nɔːm] n.标准;规范;常态;定额;正常行为;行为标准benchmark [ˈbentʃmɑːk] n.基准template [ˈtempleɪt] n.样板;模板;型板;模框;标准measure [ˈmeʒə] n.措施,方法;步骤;已知量;标准量;尺度,标准;数量;比例110.方式/方法: way - manner - approach - means - channel - method - howway [weɪ] n.方法,手段;途径;方式;作风;风度;样子;行为方式,生活方式， 习俗;方向;路,道路;愿望,意愿manner [ˈmænə] n.方式;方法;举止;态度;礼貌;礼仪;规矩approach [əˈprəʊtʃ] n.方法;方式;接近;接洽;建议;要求;通路;进场;相似means [miːnz] mean的第三人称单数和复数n.方法;方式;途径;财富;钱财channel [ˈtʃænl] n.频道;渠道;电视台;波段;途径;系统;方式,方法,手段; 水渠;水道;海峡;英吉利海峡method [ˈmeθəd] n.方法;办法;措施;条理;有条不紊how [haʊ] n.方式,方法;关于方式（或方法）的问题111.解决: solve - resolve - tackle - settle - clinch - cure - overcomesolve [sɒlv] vt.解决;处理;解答;破解resolve [rɪˈzɒlv] vt.决定;决心;解决(问题或困难);作出决定;作出决议;表 tackle [ˈtækl] v.解决;应付;处理;与某人交涉settle [ˈsetl] v.解决;定居;结束);(最终)决定,确定,安排好;殖民;把…放 clinch [klɪntʃ] vt.赢得;解决;成功取得;提供解决办法;确定cure [kjʊə] vt.治愈;治好(病人或动物);解决(问题);矫正,改正overcome [ˌəʊvəˈkʌm] vt.克服;解决;战胜;受到…的极大影响112.培养: develop - cultivate - foster - train - educate - culturedevelop [dɪˈveləp] v.发展;开发;研制;(使)成长;壮大cultivate [ˈkʌltɪveɪt] vt.培养;培育;种植;栽培;耕;耕作foster [ˈfɒstə] v.促进;助长;培养;鼓励;代养,抚育train [treɪn] v.培训;接受训练;进行…训练;教育;培养…的能力educate [ˈedʒukeɪt] vt.(在学校)教育;教导;教养;训练culture [ˈkʌltʃə] vt.培养(细胞或细菌)113.鼓励: encourage - motivate - inspire - incite - hearten - arouseencourage [ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ] vt.支持;鼓励;激励;鼓动;劝告motivate [ˈməʊtɪveɪt] vt.激励;成为…的动机;是…的原因inspire [ɪnˈspaɪə] vt.激励;鼓舞;赋予灵感;引起联想;启发思考incite [ɪnˈsaɪt] vt.煽动;鼓动hearten [ˈhɑːtn] vt.振奋;鼓励;激励arouse [əˈraʊz] vt.激起,引起(感情、态度);使行动起来;激发;唤醒114.污染: pollute - contaminate - smear - defile - stain - foulpollute [pəˈluːt] vt.污染;弄脏contaminate [kənˈtæmɪneɪt] vt.污染,弄脏;玷污,毒害,腐蚀;使受毒气影 smear [smɪə] v.弄脏;诽谤,诋毁;胡乱涂抹;弄上油污defile [dɪˈfaɪl] vt.弄脏;玷污;糟蹋;亵渎stain [steɪn] v.(被)玷污;留下污渍;给…染色(或着色);玷污,败坏(名声) foul [ɪfaʊl] vt.犯规;击(球)出界;(通常用废物)弄脏;污染115.去除: eliminate - remove - eradicate - dislodge - leach - shedeliminate [ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt] vt.排除;清除;消除;淘汰;消灭,干掉remove [rɪˈmuːv] vt.去除;去掉;移开;拿开eradicate [ɪˈrædɪkeɪt] vt.根除;消灭;杜绝dislodge [dɪsˈlɒdʒ] vt.驱逐;(把某物)强行去除;取出;移动;(把某人)逐出 leach [liːtʃ] v.过滤;滤;滤去shed [ʃed] vt.摆脱,去除;使落下,使掉下;把…置于棚内;掉落(货物)116.责任: responsibility - duty - liability - blame - guilt - faultresponsibility [rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti] n.责任;负责;事故责任;职责;义务duty [ˈdjuːti] n.责任;义务;职责;值班;任务;本分;税liability [ˌlaɪəˈbɪləti] n.责任;负债;债务;义务blame [bleɪm] n.责备;指责;(坏事或错事的)责任guilt [ɡɪlt] n.内疚;悔恨;犯罪;罪行;有罪;罪责;责任;罪过fault [fɔːlt] n.过错;故障;过失;责任;弱点;缺点;缺陷117.探讨: explore - examine - identify - research - discussexplore [ɪkˈsplɔː] v.勘探;勘查;探索;考察;探究examine [ɪɡˈzæmɪn] vt.检查;审查;考察;考查;调查identify [aɪˈdentɪfaɪ] vt.识别;鉴定;确认;发现;认出;找到research [rɪˈsɜːtʃ] vt.研究;探讨;调查discuss [dɪˈskʌs] vt.讨论;谈论;商量;详述;论述118.建立: establish - found - institute - build - create - erectestablish [ɪˈstæblɪʃ] vt.创立;设立;建立;确立found [faʊnd] vt.创办,成立;建造,兴建;根据institute [ˈɪnstɪtjuːt] vt.建立,制定(体系、政策);开始;实行build [bɪld] v.建筑;建造;创建;开发;逐渐增强create [kriˈeɪt] vt.创造;创作;创建;造成,引起,产生;授予;册封erect [ɪˈrekt] vt.建立;建造;竖立;搭起;创立;设立119.重视: attach - highlight - mind - value - treasureattach [əˈtætʃ] v.贴上;重视;把…固定,把…附(在…上)highlight [ˈhaɪlaɪt] vt.突出;强调;将…用彩笔做标记mind [maɪnd] v.介意;对(某事)烦恼,焦虑;愿意做;当心;听从;关心,照看value [ˈvæljuː] vt.重视;珍视;给…估价;给…定价treasure [ˈtreʒə] vt.珍视;珍爱;珍重;珍藏120.发展: develop - expand - grow - burgeon - arise - evolve - stridedevelop [dɪˈveləp] v.发展;开发;研制;(使)成长;壮大;变化;加强;修建 expand [ɪkˈspænd] v.扩大;增加;增强;扩展(业务);细谈;详述;详细阐明 grow [ɡrəʊ] v.扩大,增加,增强;长大,长高,发育,成长;逐渐成为;产生burgeon [ˈbɜːdʒən] vt.激增;迅速发展arise [əˈraɪz] vi.发生;出现;(由…)引起;(因…)产生;发展evolve [iˈvɒlv] v.发展;进化;(使)逐渐形成;逐渐演变stride [straɪd] v.大步走;阔步行走;进展121.休闲: leisure - pastime - fallow - pleasureleisure [ˈleʒə] n.闲暇;休闲;空闲pastime [ˈpɑːstaɪm] n.消遣;休闲活动fallow [ˈfæləʊ] n.休闲pleasure [ˈpleʒə] n.高兴,快乐,愉快,欣慰,满意;玩乐,休闲,娱乐,消遣122.联盟: league - alliance - ally - union - coalition - federationleague [liːɡ] n.(体育队)联合会,联赛;等级,级别,水平;联盟;同盟alliance [əˈlaɪəns] n.(国家、政党等的)结盟，同盟;结盟团体;联盟ally [ˈælaɪ] n.盟友;支持者;协约国;同盟国union [ˈjuːniən] n.协会;联合会;会社;俱乐部;同盟;联盟;联邦coalition [ˌkəʊəˈlɪʃn] n.联合政府;联合体;联合;结合;联盟federation [ˌfedəˈreɪʃn] n.联邦;(俱乐部、工会等的)联合会;同盟;联盟123.工具/器具: tool - appliance - equipment - device - instrumenttool [tuːl] n.工具;用具,器具,手段,方法;受人利用的人appliance [əˈplaɪəns] n.器具;(家用)电器equipment [ɪˈkwɪpmənt] n.设备;器材;配备;装备device [dɪˈvaɪs] n.装置;仪器;器具;设备;炸弹;手段;策略;方法;技巧;花 instrument [ˈɪnstrəmənt] n.器械;仪器;器具;仪器,仪表;手段124.混乱：disorder - disorganization - chaos - turbulence - confusiondisorder [dɪsˈɔːdə] n.混乱;紊乱;疾病;失调;杂乱;凌乱;骚乱;动乱;不适 disorganization [dɪsˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃn] n.缺乏组织;无系统;杂乱无章chaos [ˈkeɪɒs] n.混乱;杂乱;紊乱turbulence [ˈtɜːbjələns] n.湍流;动荡;骚乱;动乱;混乱;涡流;紊流confusion [kənˈfjuːʒn] n.混乱;混淆;困惑;不确定;混同;困窘;尴尬125.评估/估计:evaluation - assessment - estimate - judgment - appraisalevaluation [ɪˌvæljuˈeɪʃn] n.评价;定值;估计;评审;计值assessment [əˈsesmənt] n.看法;评估;评定;核定;判定;核定的付款额estimate [ˈestɪmət ] v.n.估价;(对数量、成本等的)估计;估计的成本judgment [dʒʌdʒmənt] n.判断;判决;判断力;评价;看法;意见;识别力;裁决 appraisal [əˈpreɪzl] n.评价;估价;估计;鉴定;工作鉴定会;工作表现评估126.坚持: uphold - stick to - insist on - cling to - persistuphold [ʌpˈhəʊld] vt.维护;支持(正义等);维持;确认(原判、裁决等)stick [stɪk] v.粘贴;将…刺入;戳;粘住;卡住;容忍insist [ɪnˈsɪst] v.坚决要求;坚持;坚持说;固执己见cling [klɪŋ] vi.附着于;附着;抓紧,紧握;坚持,墨守persist [pəˈsɪst] v.坚持;持续存在;保持;维持127.忽视：neglect - ignore - overlook - look down uponneglect [nɪˈɡlekt] v.疏于照顾;忽略;忽视;不予重视;疏忽ignore [ɪɡˈnɔː] vt.忽视;对…不予理会;不予理睬overlook [ˌəʊvəˈlʊk] vt.没有注意到,忽视,忽略视而不见;眺望,俯瞰 look down upon [lʊk daʊn əˈpɒn] v.瞧不起;轻视128.抱怨：complaint - grumble - grievance - remonstrance - gripe - moan complaint [kəmˈpleɪnt] n.抱怨;投诉;控告;不满;不满的原因;埋怨grumble [ˈɡrʌmbl] n.嘟囔;抱怨,牢骚,不满的缘由grievance [ˈɡriːvəns] n.冤屈;委屈;抱怨;不平的事;牢骚remonstrance [rɪˈmɒnstrəns] n.抗议;抱怨gripe [ɡraɪp] n.抱怨;怨言;牢骚moan [məʊn] n.呻吟声;抱怨;(尤指风的)呼啸声,萧萧声129.避免：avoid - shun - escape - avert - prevent - eschewavoid [əˈvɔɪd] vt.避免;防止;回避;避开;躲避shun [ʃʌn] vt.（故意)避开，回避，避免escape [ɪˈskeɪp] v.逃跑;逃脱;摆脱;逃避;避免avert [əˈvɜːt] vt.避开;防止,避免(危险、坏事);转移目光;背过脸prevent [prɪˈvent] vt.防止;阻止;阻碍;阻挠eschew [ɪsˈtʃuː] vt.回避;(有意地)避开;避免130.追求：pursue - seek - aspire - court - chase - romancepursue [pəˈsjuː] v.追求;致力于;执行;贯彻seek [siːk] v.寻找;寻求;谋求;争取;试图aspire [əˈspaɪə] vi.渴望(成就);有志(成为)court [kɔːt] v.试图取悦,讨好,争取;试图获得;博得;招致,酿成,导致chase [tʃeɪs] v.追赶;追逐;追捕;努力获得;争取得到;追求;求爱;催促romance [rəʊˈmæns] v.虚构(故事);渲染;和(某人)谈情说爱;追求(某人) 131.使惊奇: surprise - startle - astound - amaze - floorsurprise [səˈpraɪz] v.(使)吃惊,(使)诧异,(使)感到意外startle [ˈstɑːtl] vt.使惊吓;使吓一跳;使大吃一惊astound [əˈstaʊnd] vt.(使)震惊;使大惊amaze [əˈmeɪz] vt.使惊奇;使惊愕floor [flɔː] vt.使惊奇;使困惑;(尤指体育运动中)击倒,打倒;给…安装地132.责备: blame - condemn - reproach - reprove - reprimand - rebukeblame [bleɪm] vt.责备;责怪;指责;把…归咎于condemn [kənˈdem] vt.谴责;指责;宣判;判处;迫使…reproach [rɪˈprəʊtʃ] v.责备;指责;批评;自责;(为…)感到内疚reprove [rɪˈpruːv] v.指责;责备;非难reprimand [ˈreprɪmɑːnd] v.申斥;训斥;斥责rebuke [rɪˈbjuːk] v.指责;批评133.减轻: relieve - alleviate - lighten - ease - mitigate - allayrelieve [rɪˈliːv] vt.解除,减轻,缓和缓解;调剂;使有趣alleviate [əˈliːvieɪt] vt.减轻;缓和;缓解lighten [ˈlaɪtn] v.减轻;缓和;减少;(使)变明亮;变成淡色ease [iːz] v.缓解;减轻;(使)宽慰;(使)小心缓缓地移动;缓和;降低mitigate [ˈmɪtɪɡeɪt] vt.减轻;缓和allay [əˈleɪ] vt.减轻(尤指情绪)134.迫使: force - compel - oblige - enforce - impose - constrainforce [fɔːs] vt.强迫,迫使(某人做某事);用力,强行compel [kəmˈpel] vt.强迫;迫使;使必须;引起(反应)oblige [əˈblaɪdʒ] v.迫使;(以法律、义务等)强迫;帮忙;效劳enforce [ɪnˈfɔːs] vt.执行;强迫;强制执行;强行实施(法律或规定);迫使impose [ɪmˈpəʊz] v.强制实行;推行,采用;迫使;把…强加于;勉强constrain [kənˈstreɪn] vt.强迫;强制;迫使;限制;限定;约束135.毁坏: ruin - devastate - destroy - damage - decay - demolishruin [ˈruːɪn] vt.破坏;毁灭;毁坏;糟蹋;使破产devastate [ˈdevəsteɪt] vt.毁灭;摧毁;彻底破坏;使震惊destroy [dɪˈstrɔɪ] vt.摧毁;毁灭;破坏;人道毁灭damage [ˈdæmɪdʒ] vt.损害;伤害;毁坏;破坏decay [dɪˈkeɪ] v.衰退;(使)腐烂;破败;衰败;(力量、影响等)衰弱;衰减demolish [dɪˈmɒlɪʃ] vt.拆除;拆毁(建筑物);(意外)毁坏;破坏;推翻;驳倒136.动机: motivation - motive - intention - causemotivation [ˌməʊtɪˈveɪʃn] n.动机;动力;诱因motive [ˈməʊtɪv] n.动机;原因;目的intention [ɪnˈtenʃn] n.打算;计划;意图;目的cause [kɔːz] n.原因;起因;理由;动机;缘故137.动力: motivation - power - dynamic - impetus - momentummotivation [ˌməʊtɪˈveɪʃn] n.动机;动力;诱因power [ˈpaʊə] n.权力;能力;控制力;影响力;操纵力;体力,智力;力;能;功率 dynamic [daɪˈnæmɪk] n.动态;动力;动力学;相互作用的方式;力学;力度impetus [ˈɪmpɪtəs] n.动力;推动;促进;刺激;动量;惯性momentum [məˈmentəm] n.推进力;动力;势头;冲力;动量138.提议: suggestion - proposal - recommendation - proposition - proffersuggestion [səˈdʒestʃən] n.建议;提议;微量;些微;迹象;暗示proposal [prəˈpəʊzl] n.提议;建议;动议;求婚recommendation [ˌrekəmenˈdeɪʃn] n.正式建议;提议;推荐;介绍;推荐信proposition [ˌprɒpəˈzɪʃn] n.提议,建议;欲做的事;待处理的问题;任务proffer [ˈprɒfə] n.贡献;提议;提供物139.猜想: guess - suppose - suspect - conjecture - thinkguess [ɡes] v.猜测;想;猜到;估计;猜对;猜中;以为;你猜suppose [səˈpəʊz] v.认为,推断,料想;假定;假设;设想suspect [səˈspekt ] v.疑有,觉得;感觉有问题;不信任;怀疑(某人有罪)conjecture [kənˈdʒektʃə] v.推测;猜测think [θɪŋk] v.认为;以为;想;思考;思索;思想;琢磨;猜想;料想;只想;打140.假设: assume - presume - postulate - suppose - postulate - positassume [əˈsjuːm] v.假定;假设;认为;承担(责任);就(职);取得(权力);呈现 presume [prɪˈzjuːm] v.假设;假定;推定;设定;设想;妄行postulate [ˈpɒstjuleɪt ] vt./n.假定;假设suppose [səˈpəʊz] v.认为,推断,料想;假定;假设;设想postulate [ˈpɒstjuleɪt ] vt./n.假定;假设posit [ˈpɒzɪt] vt.假定;假设;认定;认为…为实141.竞争: compete - vie - contend - rival - dispute - fight - racecompete [kəmˈpiːt] vi.竞争;对抗;参加比赛(或竞赛)vie [vie] vi.激烈竞争;争夺contend [kənˈtend] v.竞争;争夺;(尤指在争论中)声称,主张,认为rival [ˈraɪvl] vt.与…相匹敌;比得上dispute [dɪˈspjuːt] v.争论;争执;对…提出质询;辩论;争夺;竞争fight [faɪt] v.打仗;战斗;作战;搏斗打架;参加(竞赛);竞争;努力争取;争 race [reɪs] v.(和…)比赛;参加比赛;使比赛;让…参加速度比赛142.奢侈的: luxurious - wasteful- extravagant - luxury - sumptuousluxurious [lʌɡˈʒʊəriəs] adj.十分舒适的;奢侈的wasteful [ˈweɪstfl] adj.浪费的;挥霍的extravagant [ɪkˈstrævəɡənt] adj.奢侈的;挥霍的;铺张浪费的luxury [ˈlʌkʃəri] adj.奢华的sumptuous [ˈsʌmptʃuəs] adj.华丽的;豪华的;奢华的;华贵的143.加速: accelerate - quicken - expedite - haste - precipitateaccelerate [əkˈseləreɪt] v.加快;加速;(使)加速quicken [ˈkwɪkən] v.(使)加快,加速;变得更活跃;使更活跃expedite [ˈekspədaɪt] vt.加快;加速haste [heɪst] v.赶紧;匆忙;<古>使快;催促precipitate [prɪˈsɪpɪteɪt ] vt.加速(坏事的发生);使…突然降临;使突然144.贫穷: poor - needy - poverty - privation - penury - wantpoor [pɔː] n.穷人;贫困者needy [ˈniːdi] n.穷困的人poverty [ˈpɒvəti] n.贫穷;贫困;贫乏;短缺;劣质privation [praɪˈveɪʃn] n.贫困;匮乏;艰难penury [ˈpenjəri] n.穷困;贫困;贫穷want [wɒnt] n.需要的东西;想望的东西;缺少;缺乏;不足;贫穷;贫困;匮乏145.批评: criticize - criticism - reproach - decry - rebuke - chastisecriticize [ˈkrɪtɪsaɪz] v.批评;批判;挑剔;指责;评论;评价criticism [ˈkrɪtɪsɪzəm] n.批评;批判;责备;指责;评论文章,评论reproach [rɪˈprəʊtʃ] n.责备;批评;责备的话语;批评的言辞;羞耻;没面子 decry [dɪˈkraɪ] vt.(公开)谴责;(强烈)批评rebuke [rɪˈbjuːk] vt.指责;批评chastise [tʃæˈstaɪz] vt.惩戒;责备;指责;批评;体罚146.重要的: important - vital - essential- significant - major - seriousimportant [ɪmˈpɔːtnt] adj.重要的;有重大影响的;有巨大价值的vital [ˈvaɪtl] adj.至关重要的,必不可少的;生命的essential [ɪˈsenʃl] adj.本质的;极其重要的;基本的;根本的significant [sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt] adj.重要的,有重大意义的;显著的,值得注意 major [ˈmeɪdʒə] adj.主要的;大的;重要的;严重;大调的;主修的(课程）serious [ˈsɪəriəs] adj.不好的;严重的;有危险的;严肃的;重要的147.招收: recruit - enroll - employ - engagerecruit [rɪˈkruːt] v.招募;吸收(新成员);征募(新兵);(通过招募)组成;组 enroll [ɪnˈrəʊl] v.登记;吸收(成员),加入;写下;录下;注册employ [ɪmˈplɔɪ] vt.雇用;应用;运用;使用engage [ɪnˈɡeɪdʒ] v.从事;聘用;吸引住(注意力);雇用148.感觉: sense - feel - sensation - perceive - oesthesis - sensibilitysense [sens] n.感觉;知觉;感觉官能;意识,观念v.感觉到,觉察到,意识到;了解,领悟feel [fiːl] v.感觉到,体会到;觉得,相信n.感觉,气氛;触觉,手感;触摸sensation [senˈseɪʃn] n.感觉;知觉;感觉能力;知觉能力;直觉;经历;回忆 perceive [pəˈsiːv] vt.感知;认为;察觉到;注意到;意识到;将…理解为oesthesis n.感觉；知觉sensibility [ˌsensəˈbɪləti] n.(尤指文艺方面的)感受能力,鉴赏力;感情149.供给: supply - provision - provide - furnish - feed - issue - plugsupply [səˈplaɪ] n.供应,供给;供应的东西,贮备,存货v.供给,供应,提供;补充,填充;弥补provision [prəˈvɪʒn] n.提供;供给;给养;供应品;饮食供应vt.为…提供所需物品(尤指食物)provide [prəˈvaɪd] vt.提供;供应;给予;规定furnish [ˈfɜːnɪʃ] vt.布置家具;向(某人/某事物)供应,提供feed [fiːd] v.喂养;给(人或动物)食物;饲养;提供(意见或信息等);供给issue [ˈɪʃuː] vt.发出;宣布;公布;发给;供给;出版;发行plug [plʌɡ] vt.堵塞;封堵;补足;补充;供给;推广;宣传;射击150.愚笨的: clumsy - stupid - imbecile - foolish - silly - inane - dopeyclumsy [ˈklʌmzi] adj.笨拙的;不灵巧的;无技巧的stupid [ˈstjuːpɪd] adj.愚蠢的;笨的;傻的;欠考虑的;糊涂的;讨厌的,恼人 imbecile [ˈɪmbəsiːl] adj.低能的;愚笨的foolish [ˈfuːlɪʃ] adj.愚蠢的;傻的;感到荒谬;出丑;显得尴尬silly [ˈsɪli] adj.愚蠢的;不明事理的;没头脑的;可笑的,荒唐的inane [ɪˈneɪn] adj.空的;空虚的;无实体的;愚蠢的,傻的;空洞的,无意义的dopey [ˈdəʊpi] adj.愚笨的;迟钝的;被麻醉的;迷迷糊糊的;昏昏沉沉的151.明显的: obvious - apparent - remarkable - evident - sharp - distinctobvious [ˈɒbviəs] adj.明显的;显然的;易理解的;公认的;当然的;平淡无奇 apparent [əˈpærənt] adj.显然的;显然;显而易见;明白易懂;貌似的remarkable [rɪˈmɑːkəbl] adj.非凡的;显著的;引人注目的;奇异的evident [ˈevɪdənt] adj.明显的;显而易见的;显然的;清楚的sharp [ʃɑːp] adj.锋利的;锐利的;急剧的;清楚明确的;清晰的;鲜明的distinct [dɪˈstɪŋkt] adj.不同的;明显的;清晰的;清楚的;明白的;有区别152.消极的: passive - negative - damaging - detrimental - inactivepassive [ˈpæsɪv] adj.消极的;被动的;(动词形式)被动语态的negative [ˈneɡətɪv] adj.消极的;负面的;否定的;坏的;有害的;缺乏热情的 damaging [ˈdæmɪdʒɪŋ] damage的现在分词adj.造成破坏的;有害的;损害的detrimental [ˌdetrɪˈmentl] adj.有害的,不利的inactive [ɪnˈæktɪv] adj.不活跃的;无效的;无行动的;不活动的;不运转的153.大量的: generous - many - mass - great deal - a host ofgenerous [ˈdʒenərəs] adj.慷慨的;大方的;丰富的;充足的;仁慈的many [ˈmeni] adj.许多的,大量的mass [mæs] adj.大批的;数量极多的;广泛的great deal [ɡreɪt diːl] 大量之;很大程度;很大贡献a host of [ə həʊst ɒv] 许多;很多154.共同的: common - conjoint - collective - universalcommon [ˈkɒmən] adj.常见的;通常的;普遍的;共有的;共享的;共同的;普通conjoint [kənˈdʒɔɪnt] adj.联合的;共同的;协同的collective [kəˈlektɪv] adj.集体的;共有的;共同的;全体成员的;总体universal [ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsl] adj.普遍的;全体的;全世界的;共同的;广泛适用155.邻近的：near - adjacent - vicinity - proximitynear [nɪə] adj.近的;接近;距离近;不远;不久以后;随后;近似;接近的adjacent [əˈdʒeɪsnt] adj.相邻;邻近的;与…毗连的vicinity [vəˈsɪnəti] n.周围地区;邻近地区;附近proximity [prɒkˈsɪməti] n.接近;(时间或空间)邻近;靠近156.最高的：top - supreme - topmost - uppermost - maximum - peaktop [tɒp] adj.顶端的,顶部的,最上面的;最高的;最重要的supreme [suːˈpriːm] adj.(级别或地位)最高的,至高无上的;极大的;终极的 topmost [ˈtɒpməʊst] adj.最顶端的;最高的;最上面的uppermost [ˈʌpəməʊst] adj.最高的;最上端的;最上面的;最重要;最关键maximum [ˈmæksɪməm] adj.最高的;最多的;最大极限的;顶点的;极大的peak [piːk] adj.最高度的;高峰时期的;巅峰状态的157.初级的:primary - elementary - primitiveprimary [ˈpraɪməri] adj.初级的;主要的;最重要的;基本的;最初的;最早的 elementary [ˌelɪˈmentri] adj.初级的;基本的;基础的;简单的;容易的primitive [ˈprɪmətɪv] adj.原始的;远古的;早期的;发展水平低的;落后的158.基本的: radical - fundamental - basic - elementary - primordialradical [ˈrædɪkl] adj.根本的;彻底的;完全的;全新的;不同凡响的fundamental [ˌfʌndəˈmentl] adj.基本的;十分重大的;根本的;基础的basic [ˈbeɪsɪk] adj.基本的,基础的,根本的;最简单的,初级的;必需的elementary [ˌelɪˈmentri] adj.初级的;基本的;基础的;简单的;容易的primordial [praɪˈmɔːdiəl] adj.原生的;原始的;基本的159.勤奋的: industrious - diligent - assiduous - hard workingindustrious [ɪnˈdʌstriəs] adj.勤奋的;勤劳的;忙碌的diligent [ˈdɪlɪdʒənt] adj.孜孜不倦的;勤勉的;刻苦的assiduous [əˈsɪdjuəs] adj.刻苦的;兢兢业业的;勤勤恳恳的hard working [hɑːd ˈwɜːkɪŋ] 努力工作;勤奋的;工作努力;吃苦耐劳160.适当的：suitable - appropriate - proper - suited - fair - advisablesuitable [ˈsuːtəbl] adj.合适的;适宜的;适当;适用appropriate [əˈprəʊpriət ] adj.适当的;合适的;恰当的proper [ˈprɒpə] adj.适当的;正确的;恰当的;符合规则的;名副其实的suited [ˈsuːtɪd] suit的过去分词和过去式adj.合适;适宜;适当;般配的;穿西装的;穿…套装的fair [feə] adj.公平的;合理的;恰当的;适当的;平等待人的,公正的advisable [ədˈvaɪzəbl] adj.明智的;适当的;明智;可取161.只有/仅仅：only - unique - merely - simply - alone - barelyonly [ˈəʊnli] adv.只有;只;仅;只不过;仅…而已;仅此而已;愈加;不料unique [juˈniːk] adj.唯一的;独一无二的;独特的;罕见的;独具的,特有的 merely [ˈmɪəli] adv.仅仅;只不过simply [ˈsɪmpli] adv.仅仅,只,不过;(某说法)确实,简直;简单地;简朴地 alone [əˈləʊn] adj/adv.单独地;单独;独自;孤独;寂寞;唯一,只有;仅仅 barely [ˈbeəli] adv.仅仅;几乎没有;几乎不;刚刚;勉强可能;刚好;刚才162.灾难: catastrophe - disaster - suffering - calamity - tragedycatastrophe [kəˈtæstrəfi] n.灾难;灾祸;横祸;不幸事件;困难disaster [dɪˈzɑːstə] n.灾难;灾祸;灾害;不幸;祸患suffering [ˈsʌfərɪŋ] suffer的现在分词n.疼痛;痛苦;折磨;苦难;苦恼calamity [kəˈlæməti] n.灾难;灾祸tragedy [ˈtrædʒədi] n.悲惨的事;不幸;灾难;惨案;悲剧;悲剧作品163.危险: hazard - danger - perils - risk - pitfall - danger - jeopardy hazard [ˈhæzəd] n.危险;危害danger [ˈdeɪndʒə] n.危险;风险;危险因素;危害;威胁perils [ˈpɛrɪlz] peril的第三人称单数和复数n.严重危险;祸害;险情risk [rɪsk] n.危险;风险;危险人物;会带来风险的事物pitfall [ˈpɪtfɔːl] n.陷阱;困难;危险;(尤指)隐患danger [ˈdeɪndʒə] n.危险;风险;危险因素;危害;威胁jeopardy [ˈdʒepədi] n.危险164.争论: dispute - conflicts - debate - argue - controversy - skirmish dispute [dɪˈspjuːt] n.争论;辩论;争端;纠纷v.争论;辩论;争执;争夺;竞争conflicts [kənˈflɪkts] conflict的第三人称单数和复数n.争执;争论;冲突;战斗;抵触;矛盾v.(两种思想、信仰、说法等)冲突,抵触debate [dɪˈbeɪt] n.(在公共集会上常以表决结束的)辩论;争论,讨论 v.(尤指正式)讨论;仔细考虑;思考;盘算argue [ˈɑːɡjuː] v.争论;争吵;争辩;论证;说理;证明;表明controversy [ˈkɒntrəvɜːsi] n.争议;(公开的)争论,辩论,论战skirmish [ˈskɜːmɪʃ] vi.发生小规模战斗(或冲突、争执)165.继续: continue - proceed - maintain - resume - segue - last - go oncontinue [kənˈtɪnjuː] v.持续;继续存在;继续做;不停地干;移动;延伸proceed [prəˈsiːd] vi.继续;接着做;行进;前往maintain [meɪnˈteɪn] v.维持;保持;维修;保养;坚持resume [rɪˈzjuːm] v.重新开始;(中断后)继续;恢复席位 / 地位 / 职位segue [ˈseɡweɪ] vi.(顺利)转到,接入(另一首歌、话题、地方等)last [lɑːst] v.持续;继续;延续;继续存在;持续起作用;持久go on 继续(做);进行;发生;继续,持续;(时间0流逝,过去166.细菌 bacteria - germ - fungusbacteria [bækˈtɪəriə] bacterium的复数n.细菌germ [dʒɜːm] n.微生物;细菌;病菌;起源;发端;萌芽fungus [ˈfʌŋɡəs] n.真菌,真菌类植物;霉,霉菌167.津贴: allowance - bounty - subsidy - emolument - perk - stipendallowance [əˈlaʊəns] n.津贴;补贴;补助;限额;定量;免税额bounty [ˈbaʊnti] n.慷慨之举;大量给予之物;奖金;赏金subsidy [ˈsʌbsədi] n.补贴;补助金;津贴emolument [ɪˈmɒljumənt] n.报酬;(尤指付给高收入者的)酬金,薪水,工资 perk [pɜːk] n.额外待遇;(工资之外的)补贴;津贴stipend [ˈstaɪpend] n.津贴;(尤指神职人员的)生活津贴;薪俸;献仪168.种族的: racial - race - stock - ethnic groupracial [ˈreɪʃl] adj.种族的;种族间的;人种的race [reɪs] n.比赛,竞争,角逐;种族,人种,种;赛跑stock [stɒk] adj.老一套的;陈腐的;(商店里)常备的,通常有的ethnic group [eθnɪk ɡruːp] 民族团体,少数民族团体;种族集团169.偏见: stereotype - bias - preconception - prejudicestereotype [ˈsteriətaɪp] n.刻板印象;模式化观念(或形象);陈规bias [ˈbaɪəs] n.偏见;偏心;偏向;偏爱;特殊能力;斜裁preconception [ˌpriːkənˈsepʃn] n.先入之见;成见;预想;事先形成的观念 prejudice [ˈpredʒudɪs] n.偏见;成见170.减少: lessen - reduce - cut - diminution - decrease - diminishlessen [ˈlesn] v.减少;(使)变小,变少,减弱,减轻reduce [rɪˈdjuːs] v.减少;缩小;(使)蒸发;减轻cut [kʌt] v.切;割;割破;划破;剪辑n.伤口;划口;削减,减少,缩减;理发;款式diminution [ˌdɪmɪˈnjuːʃn] n.缩小;缩减;减少;降低;缩小量;减少量decrease [dɪˈkriːs ] v.减少;(使大小、数量等)减小;降低n.减少;降低;减少量diminish [dɪˈmɪnɪʃ] v.减少;(使)减弱,缩减;降低;贬低;贬损;轻视171.弱化: weaken- reduction - avianize - shorteningweaken [ˈwiːkən] v.(使)虚弱,衰弱;减弱;削弱reduction [rɪˈdʌkʃn] v.减少;缩小;降低;减价;折扣avianize [ˈeɪviəniz] v.弱化shortening [ˈʃɔːtnɪŋ] shorten的现在分词v.(使)变短，缩短172.冲突: clash - conflict - collide - assault - attack - confrontation clash [klæʃ] n.冲突;(两群人之间的)打斗;打架;争论;辩论;争执;差别 v.冲突;比赛;打斗;(公开地)争辩;迥然不同;不相容;抵触conflict [ˈkɒnflɪkt] n.争执;争论;(军事)冲突;战斗;抵触;矛盾;不一致 collide [kəˈlaɪd] vi.碰撞;相撞;严重不一致;冲突;抵触assault [əˈsɔːlt] n.攻击;突击;袭击;侵犯人身罪;冲击;抨击vt.猛烈攻击,袭击,侵犯人身;使(感官)难受attack [əˈtæk] n.袭击;攻击;进攻;抨击,非难;抑制;发作,侵袭v.袭击;攻击;进攻;抨击;非难;侵袭confrontation [ˌkɒnfrʌnˈteɪʃn] n.对抗;对峙;冲突173.大约: about - almost - nearly - roughly - approximately - circaabout [əˈbaʊt] adv.大约;左右;将近;几乎;到处;处处;各处;凌乱地;闲着 almost [ˈɔːlməʊst] adv.几乎,差不多nearly [ˈnɪəli] adv.几乎;差不多;将近roughly [ˈrʌfli] adv.粗略地;大致;大约;差不多;粗暴地;粗鲁地;粗糙地approximately [əˈprɒksɪmətli] adv.大概;大约;约莫circa [ˈsɜːkə] adv.大约174.压力: stress - burden - pressure - tension - strain - heatstress [stres] n.应力;压力;强调;紧张;精神压力;心理负担;重要性burden [ˈbɜːdn] n.负担;重负;(义务、责任等的)重担pressure [ˈpreʃə] n.压力;挤压;压强;大气压;催促;心理压力tension [ˈtenʃn] n.紧张;紧张局势;矛盾;对立烦躁;紧张气氛;拉伸strain [streɪn] n.压力;劳损;重负;拉力;张力;应力;拉伤;扭伤;个性特点 heat [hiːt] n.热;温度;炎热天气;高温,热的环境;炉灶;压力;预赛175.能力: ability - power - skill - capacity - competence - facultyability [əˈbɪləti] n.能力;才能;本领;才智power [ˈpaʊə] n.权力;能力;控制力;影响力;操纵力;体力,智力;力;能;功率skill [skɪl] n.技巧;技艺;技术;技能capacity [kəˈpæsəti] n.容量;容积;容纳能力;领悟能力;职位;职责competence [ˈkɒmpɪtəns] n.能力;胜任;权限,管辖权;技能;本领faculty [ˈfæklti] n.官能;能力;天赋;才能;(高等院校的)系,院;全体教师176..强大的：powerful - mighty - puissant - potent - wicked - titanicpowerful [ˈpaʊəfl] adj.强大的;有权势的;有影响力的;力量大的mighty [ˈmaɪti] adj.强大的;强而有力的;巨大的;非凡的puissant adj.有力的，强力的;强大的，强盛的potent [ˈpəʊtnt] adj.(药品等)有强效的;强有力的,影响力的;有说服力的 wicked [wɪkt ] adj.邪恶的淘气的;危险的,有害的;强大的;极好的titanic [taɪˈtænɪk] adj.巨大的;极重要的;强大的;极艰巨的;重量级的177.最近/目前：nowadays - currently - presently - now - today - just nownowadays [ˈnaʊədeɪz] adv.现今;现在;目前currently [ˈkʌrəntli] adv.现时;目前;当前;时下presently [ˈprezntli] adv.目前;现在;此刻;眼下;表示马上就已发生了now [naʊ] adv.现在,目前,此刻;从现在开始;现在就,马,就要today [təˈdeɪ] adv.现在;当今;在今天;在今日;当代just now 刚才,方才;现在,此时,此刻,眼下;目前,现阶段;以后178.一直/总是：always - invariably - straight - continuously - everalways [ˈɔːlweɪz] adv.总是;每次都是;一直;一贯;(将)永远;老是,一再invariably [ɪnˈveəriəbli] adv.一成不变;始终如一地;一贯地straight [streɪt] adv.直;直接;径直;笔直地;平正地;成直线;立即;正;坦 continuously [kənˈtɪnjʊəsli] adv.连续不断地ever [ˈevə ] adv.曾经;在任何时候;不断地;总是;始终;究竟,到底179.毫无疑问地: indubitably - undoubtedly - unquestionably - for sureindubitably [ɪnˈdjuːbɪtəbli] adv.不容置疑地;毫无疑问地undoubtedly adv.毋庸置疑地;无疑;必定unquestionably adv.无疑,毫无疑问地;肯定,当然for sure [fɔː(r) ʃʊə(r)] adv.当然可以;确实180.平稳地: steadily - smoothly - gradually - moderately - quietlysteadily [stedɪlɪ] adv.稳定地;坚定地;坚固地;不断地smoothly [ˈsmuːðli] adv.平稳地;顺利地;连续而流畅地;平静地;自信地gradually [ˈɡrædʒuəli] adv.逐步地;逐渐地;渐进地moderately [ˈmɒdərətli] adv.一般地;勉强地;适度;适量;适中quietly [kwaɪətli] adv.安静地;轻声地;;平静地;温和地;在暗中;秘密地181.急剧地：dramatically - sharply - hugely - significantlydramatically [drəˈmætɪk] adv.戏剧性地;戏剧地;显著地sharply [ˈʃɑːpli] adv.尖刻地;严厉地;猛烈地;急剧地;突然大幅度地;鲜明 hugely [ˈhjuːdʒli] adv.极度;极其;非常;深深地;大大地significantly [sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəntli] adv.有重大意义地;显著地;明显地182.观点：opinion - perspective - standpoint - viewpoint - stanceopinion [əˈpɪnjən] n.意见;想法;看法;观点,信仰perspective [pəˈspektɪv] n.态度;观点;思考方法;客观判断力;透视法;景 standpoint [ˈstændpɔɪnt] n.立场;观点viewpoint [ˈvjuːpɔɪnt] n.观点;看法;角度stance [stæns] n.立场;(公开表明的)观点;态度;站立姿势183.职业: job - career - employment - vocation - position - professionjob [dʒɒb] n.工作;职业;职位;任务;事情;责任;职责career [kəˈrɪə] n.生涯;职业;经历;事业employment [ɪmˈplɔɪmənt] n.工作;职业;受雇;就业;雇用;使用vocation [vəʊˈkeɪʃn] n.职业;工作;生活方式;信心;使命感;圣召;神召position [pəˈzɪʃn] n.位置;地方;处境;观点;地位;职位;名次184.领域: field - domain - territory - realm - sphere - sector - areafield [fiːld] n.领域;田;地;牧场;场地;大片地方;专业;实地domain [dəˈmeɪn] n.(知识、活动的)领域,范围,范畴;领地;域;定义域;区域territory [ˈterətri] n.领土;版图;领地;领域,管区,地盘realm [relm] n.领域;场所;王国sphere [sfɪə] n.球;球体;球形;圆球;球状物;范围;领域;阶层;界;层sector [ˈsektə] n.部门;扇形;(尤指一国经济的)领域;行业area [ˈeəriə] n.地区;地域;场地;(物体上的)区;部位;领域;面积185.结果：result - consequence - outcome - endingresult [rɪˈzʌlt] n.后果,结果;成果,效果;比赛结果,比分consequence [ˈkɒnsɪkwəns] n.结果;后果;重要性outcome [ˈaʊtkʌm] n.结果;效果ending [ˈendɪŋ] n.(故事、电影等的)结尾,结局;结束;终结;最后部分;词尾186.经历：experience - go through - sensation - careerexperience [ɪkˈspɪəriəns] n.经验;经历;实践;阅历;经历,体验;传统go through [ɡəʊ θruː] 经过某过程;经历,经受;翻阅,翻找。
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最全常用高频词替换（2）一、假设，猜想（guess）1.hypothesis [ha??p?θ?s?s]【例句】Their hypothesis is that watching excessive amounts of television reduces a person's ability to concentrate.【翻译】他们的假说认为过度观看电视会导致注意力不集中等问题。
2.speculation [?spekju?le??n]【例句】The book is just a lot of idle speculation about the future.【翻译】这本书就是很多关于未来的无意义的猜想。
3.assumption [??s?mp?n]【例句】Her plan is based on the underlying assumption that the economy will improve in the near future.【翻译】她的计划是基于这样一个假设：经济将在不久的将来会有所改善。
二、提议（suggestion）1.proposal [pr??p??zl]【例句】This proposal would be a less restrictive way of obtaining the same information.【翻译】该提议是以相对轻松的方式获取同等信息。
2.recommendation [?rek?men?de??n]【例句】The president, according to a White House statement last week, has decided to accept our recommendation.【翻译】白宫发言人上周表示总统已经决定接受我们的提议。
3.proposition [?pr?p??z??n]【例句】Right now, a significant minority (some 40 percent) of African-American voters already agrees with that proposition.【翻译】现在，少数非洲裔美国选民（将近40%）已经同意了该提议。
三、动机、动力（motivation)1.impetus [??mp?t?s]【例句】This is the primary impetus behind the economic recovery.【翻译】这是促使经济复苏的主要动力.2.momentum [m??ment?m]【例句】They are each anxious to maintain the momentum of the search for a solution. 【翻译】他们每个人都迫切希望能一直劲头十足地去寻求解决方案。
3.incentive [?n?sent?v]【例句】She alone had not only the incentive, but the necessary opportunity. 【翻译】她不是缺少动力，而是缺少必要的机会。
4.encouragement [?n?k?r?d?m?nt]【例句】He's so invested in this dream of becoming a writer that any encouragement sends him flying.【翻译】他为实现作家梦付出了很大的心血，任何鼓励都让他非常高兴。
四、评估，估计（evaluation）1.assessment [??sesm?nt]【例句】This was an uncharitable assessment of the reasons for the failure. 【翻译】这是对失败原因毫不讲情面的分析评估2.appraisal [??pre?zl]【例句】What is needed in such cases is a calm appraisal of the situation.【翻译】在此类情况下需要对形势有一个冷静的评估。
3.estimate [?est?m?t]【例句】At least one estimate puts the total tab at $7 million.【翻译】至少有一个估价把总数定在了700万美元。
4.judgment [?d??d?m?nt]【例句】Our judgment as to the cause of his failure must rest on the evidence. 【翻译】我们是基于证据对他失败的原因进行评估。
五、混乱（disorder）1.disorganization [d?s??:ɡ?na?'ze??n]【例句】May beth is is just another manifestation of Democratic disorganization. 【翻译】也许这又一次彰显了民主混乱。
2.chaos [?ke??s]【例句】Whatever troubles arise, we'll have peace of mind amidst seeming chaos. 【翻译】无论出现什么样的麻烦，我们都会在貌似混乱的情形中保持平和的心态。
3.turbulence [?t?:bj?l?ns]【例句】Theworld situation is characterized by turbulence and intranquility. 【翻译】世界局势动荡不安.4.turmoil [?t?:m??l]【例句】My emotional turmoil had drained me.【翻译】纷乱的情绪让我心力交瘁。
六、工具设备（tool）1.appliance [??pla??ns]【例句】He could also learn to use the vacuum cleaner, the washing machine and otherhousehold appliances.【翻译】他可以再学学使用吸尘器、洗衣机和其他家用电器2.equipment [??kw?pm?nt]【例句】The photographer came early to set up his equipment.【翻译】摄影师很早就把他的设备搭起来了。
3.device [d??va?s]【例句】The device can discriminate between the cancerous and the normal cells. 【翻译】这台仪器可以辨别癌细胞和正常的细胞。
4.apparatus [??p??re?t?s]【例句】They lacked the scientific personnel to develop the technical apparatus much further.【翻译】他们缺少能够进一步研发这一技术装置的科研人员。
5.instrument [??nstr?m?nt]【例句】The veto has been a traditional instrument of diplomacy for centuries. 【翻译】几个世纪以来否决权一直是外交上惯用的手段。
七、同盟联盟 league1.coalition [?kl??n]【例句】The Liberal leader has announced his party's withdrawal from the ruling coalition.【翻译】自由党领袖已宣布该党退出执政联盟。
2.alliance[??la??ns]【例句】Yet now he was here, in extremis, to seek an alliance.【翻译】然而现在他就在这里，在绝境中寻求联盟。
3.ally [??la?]【例句】He isa close ally of the Prime Minister.【翻译】他是首相的亲密支持者。
4.union [?ju:ni?n]【例句】Inunion there is strength.【翻译】团结就是力量八、娱乐消遣（leisure）1.pastime [?pɑ:sta?m]【例句】Readingalways been an important part of learning and enjoyable pastime .一直以来【翻译】读书都是学习中的一个重要部分，也是消磨时间的好方法。
2.recreation [?rekri?e??n]【例句】Allthe family members need to have their owninterests and recreations. 【翻译】所有的家庭成员都需要有自己的兴趣和休闲方式。
3.diversion [da??v?:?n]【例句】Fingerpainting is very messy but an excellent diversion.【翻译】用手指画画是很脏，但却是一项极好的消遣。
九、方式方法（way）1.manner [?m?n?(r)]【例句】For now, we need to interpret the law and its guidelines as accurately as we can and to act in a fair manner.【翻译】现在，我们需要尽可能准确地阐释法律和准则，并以公平的方式行动。
2.fashion [?f??n]【例句】So "conscious business" might mean, engaging in an occupation, work, ortrade in a mindful, awake fashion.【翻译】所以“有意识的商业”可能意味着用警觉的、醒着的样式参与一项职业，工作或者贸易。
3.approach [??pr??t?]【例句】We will be exploring different approaches to gathering information. 【翻译】我们将探索收集信息的不同方法。
4.tactic [?t?kt?k]【例句】The giant oilcorporations are earning fabulous profits by cunning tactics. 【翻译】这些大石油公司以狡诈的手段赚取巨额利润。