课件初中英语语法课件
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初中英语语法大全(详解)PPT 课件
5)几种比较级的使用句型 1.“ 比较级 + and + 比较级 ” 表示“ 越来越······”
*Your English is getting better and better. 你的英语越来越好了。 *These days more and more people are learning English. 现在学英语的人越来越多了。
她三十多岁了。 *The lightest weighs less than 50 kilograms. 最轻的不到五十公斤。
4.“more or less”表示“差不多，或 多或少”
*The problem is more or less solved.
这个问题差不多已经解决了。
*Is it straight? – More or less.
它直吗？ – 差不多吧。
6)注意点
1. 形容词最高级前一定要用the，副词
最高级前可省略 2.在比较级中为了避免重复，在the后
常用one，that，those等词来替代前 面提到过的名词
*Thihe weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai.
2) 表示三者或三者以上（人或事物）的 比较用最高级，最高级的前面一般要加
定冠词the，后面可带of（in,among）
短语来说明比较的范围
*Shanghai is the biggest city in China.
*Lucy sings (the) best of all.
*He is the most careful among us.
4 He won’t do it. I won’t do it, __e_i_th__e_r___.
初中英语语法大全课件
(1)构成名词的后缀常用的有-ence，-(e)r/ -or (从事某事的人),-ese (某地人)，-ess (雌性)，-ful (一……)，-ian (精通……的人)，-ist (专业人员)，-ment (性质；状态)，-ness (性质；状态)，-tion(动作；过程)等。例如： differ不同于→difference区别 write写→writer作家 Japan日本→Japanese日本人 act表演→actress女演员 mouth口→mouthful一口 music音乐→musician音乐家 racial种族的----racialist种族主义者
01
合成形容词
02
名词＋形容词snow-white雪白的
03
名词＋现在分词English-speaking讲英语的
04
名词＋to＋名词face-to-face面对面的
05
名词＋过去分词man-made人造的
06
数词＋名词one-way单行的
07
数词＋名词＋形容词two-year-old两岁的
动词转化为名词
很多动词可以转化为名词，大多意思没有多大的变化(如下①)；有时意思有一定变化(如下②)；有的与一个动词和不定冠词构成短语，表示一个动作(如下③)。例如：
Let's go out for a walk.我们到外面去散散步吧。
He is a man of strong build.他是一个体格健壮的汉子。
构成副词的常用后缀有-ly (主要用于形容词之后表示方式或程度)，-ward(s) (主要用于表示方位的词之后表示方向)。
例如：
angry生气的→angrily生气地
to到→towards朝……，向……
初中英语语法课件ppt
03
Opposite Meanings Adjectives
When using Opposite Meanings Adjectives, place the stronger
one first For example, "big and small."
The Usage of Advantageous
The use of connections
Coordinating Connections
Connections like "and", "but", "or" are used to coordinate two or more independent clauses, e.g., "I like apples, but my brother doesn't"
Subordinating Connections
Connections like "because", "if", "when" are used to introduce sub border clauses, e.g., "I will go to the park because it's sunny today"
Last Simple Tense
Used to express an action that occurred in the past Example: "She walked to school yesterday."
The tense of verbs
Present Continuous Tense
初中英语语法课件
Personal pronouns, possessive pronouns, and reflexive pronouns
• Personal pronouns: Personal pronouns refer to pronouns that replace people or things, including first person, second person, and third person pronouns. The first person pronouns include "I" and "we", the second person pronouns include "you" and "you", and the third person pronouns include "he", "she", "it", "they", etc.
points
01
noun
What is a noun?
Nouns are words used to represent names of people,
things, places, or abstract concepts.
Nouns can be divided into two categories: proper nouns and common nouns.
02
verb
Definition of verbs
01
02
Verb: A part of speech that expresses behavior, action, state, or existence.
初中英语语法课件ppt
02
Concrete nouns
These nouns represent a tangible object or person that can be
seen or touched For example: book, car, person
03
Collective nouns
These nouns name a group of people or things considered as a
whole For example: family, team, herd
The Plural Form Nouns
English nouns have a plural form that is used to refer to more than one person, thing, or idea
class of things
Types of Nouns
01
Abstract nouns
These nouns rconcept that
cannot be touched or seen For example: love, fear, justice
animal, or idea
Nouns can be classified into two main categories: normal nouns and common nouns
Prop nouns name specific individuals, places, or things while common nouns name a
02
Verb
Definition of verbs
Definition of verb
初中英语零基础学语法--英语句子结构 课件(共43张PPT)
附属成分
基本成分的修饰语。可以是： • 定语：即用来修饰名词的单词、短语或从句 • 状语：即用来修饰名词或代词以外的词的单词、短语或从句。
定语
Poor John tottered toward a hospital nearby． She likes oranges imported from the USA.
省略成分
句中被省略的成分，虽然未说出来，却在句中表示 一定的意思：
（You） Come here． （I wish you）Good luck！ Some gave him praises，but others（gave him）rotten eggs．
He runs as fast as, if ( he does ) not ( run ) faster, than you. ( I ) Hope you like it. John should clean the room today and Peter ( should clean it ) tomorrow.
主语、动词（不及物动词、及物动词、双宾动词、系动词、宾 补动词)、宾语及补语可以称为基本句子成分。完整的句子一 般至少包含2个基本成分，至多4个基本成分。
Vi（不及物动词）
主 语
谓 语
Vt（及物动词）
宾语 宾语(直) 宾语(间) 宾语 宾补
系动词
表语
be / feel / seem / look appear / stand / lie become /get / grow / turn go / come / remain/ keep taste / smell etc.
连接成分
连接成分实际上是一个连词，用来连接两个或几个平行的词、
初中英语语法大全课件
A comprehensive courseware on middle school Englis
目录
CONTENTS
• Noun • Article • Pronoun • Subjects and advertisements • Verb • Preparation • Connection • Sentence types
02
Article
The usage of define articles
Summary
This section covers the rules and examples of define article usage in English grammar
Index article usage in singular nouns
Personal pronouns
I
Used as the subject of a verb
You
used as the object of a verb or position
He/She
used as the subject or object of a verb or position
They
Use the index article "some" before Plural Nouns that are not countable, such as "bread" or "water" For countable regular nouns, use "a" or "an" depending on the noun's starting sound
目录
CONTENTS
• Noun • Article • Pronoun • Subjects and advertisements • Verb • Preparation • Connection • Sentence types
02
Article
The usage of define articles
Summary
This section covers the rules and examples of define article usage in English grammar
Index article usage in singular nouns
Personal pronouns
I
Used as the subject of a verb
You
used as the object of a verb or position
He/She
used as the subject or object of a verb or position
They
Use the index article "some" before Plural Nouns that are not countable, such as "bread" or "water" For countable regular nouns, use "a" or "an" depending on the noun's starting sound
初中英语语法课件ppt
vacation together.
过去将来时的使用：
一、过去将来时表示对于过去某一时间而言将要发生的动 作或存在的状态。 would或was /were going to + V
would可用于各种人称。
二、would +V还可表示过去的习惯动作，在这点上同used to同义。
When we were children, we would/used to go swimming every summer.
e) 用于条件从句“如果……想，设想”（接近if ……want to,或 if ……should） 例：Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage ____________ avoided. A) is to be B) can be C) will be D) has been
一般现在时的动词形式： 动词原形 1.am;is ;are 2.have,has 3.第三人称单数形式-(e)s
肯定句：I watch television every day.
否定句：I don’t watch television every day.
疑问句：Do you watch television every day.
一般现在时的使用：
1.一般现在时表示总是、通常、习惯 性的动作或状态。
It snows in winter. I watch television every day.
2.用于对客观事实的普遍性的陈述。
Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen. Most animals kill only for food. The world is round.
过去将来时的使用：
一、过去将来时表示对于过去某一时间而言将要发生的动 作或存在的状态。 would或was /were going to + V
would可用于各种人称。
二、would +V还可表示过去的习惯动作，在这点上同used to同义。
When we were children, we would/used to go swimming every summer.
e) 用于条件从句“如果……想，设想”（接近if ……want to,或 if ……should） 例：Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage ____________ avoided. A) is to be B) can be C) will be D) has been
一般现在时的动词形式： 动词原形 1.am;is ;are 2.have,has 3.第三人称单数形式-(e)s
肯定句：I watch television every day.
否定句：I don’t watch television every day.
疑问句：Do you watch television every day.
一般现在时的使用：
1.一般现在时表示总是、通常、习惯 性的动作或状态。
It snows in winter. I watch television every day.
2.用于对客观事实的普遍性的陈述。
Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen. Most animals kill only for food. The world is round.
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多时,谓语用复数。 如：There is a sheep in the yard.(院子里有只绵羊)
There are some sheep in the yard.(院子里有一些绵羊) 4、maths, news等虽然有s结尾,但不是复数,因此谓语仍用单数： 如：The news is very exciting. (这个消息令人兴奋)
[注解]：
① ‘s还可以表示某人的家或者某个店铺, 如：my aunt’s(我阿姨家), the doctor’s(诊所)
② 两人共有某物时,可以采用 A and B’s 的形 如：Lucy and Lily’s bedroom(露西和丽丽合住的卧室)
Lucy’s and Lily’s bedroom(露西和丽丽分别的卧室)
如果表示整体概念,则谓语用单数形式, 如：Class Three is a very good class.(三班是好班) 如果表示其中的所有成员时,则谓语用复数形式, 如：Class Three have a map of China.(三班有张中国地图) 3、Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示单个时谓语用单数,表示许
如： box, child, orange；
不可数名词{u} 是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。
如：water, news, oil, population, information .
英语可数名词的单复数
1、名词由单数变复数的基本方法如下： ①在单数名词词尾加s。 如：map → maps,boy→ boys,horse→ horses, table→ tables. ②s,o,x ,sh,ch结尾的词加es. 如：class→classes, box→boxes, hero→heroes, dish→dishes,
There are some sheep in the yard.(院子里有一些绵羊) 4、maths, news等虽然有s结尾,但不是复数,因此谓语仍用单数： 如：The news is very exciting. (这个消息令人兴奋)
[注解]：
① ‘s还可以表示某人的家或者某个店铺, 如：my aunt’s(我阿姨家), the doctor’s(诊所)
② 两人共有某物时,可以采用 A and B’s 的形 如：Lucy and Lily’s bedroom(露西和丽丽合住的卧室)
Lucy’s and Lily’s bedroom(露西和丽丽分别的卧室)
如果表示整体概念,则谓语用单数形式, 如：Class Three is a very good class.(三班是好班) 如果表示其中的所有成员时,则谓语用复数形式, 如：Class Three have a map of China.(三班有张中国地图) 3、Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示单个时谓语用单数,表示许
如： box, child, orange；
不可数名词{u} 是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。
如：water, news, oil, population, information .
英语可数名词的单复数
1、名词由单数变复数的基本方法如下： ①在单数名词词尾加s。 如：map → maps,boy→ boys,horse→ horses, table→ tables. ②s,o,x ,sh,ch结尾的词加es. 如：class→classes, box→boxes, hero→heroes, dish→dishes,
初中英语语法讲解PPT课件
情况 构成方法 读音 例词 __________________________________________________ 一般情况 加 -s 1.清辅音后读/s/; map-maps 2.浊辅音和元音后 bag-bags 读 /z/; car-cars ___________________________________________________
加 -es
读 /iz/
以y 1结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时， 直接加s变复数： 如： two Marys the Henrys
)
monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays 比较： 层楼：storey ---storeys story---stories
２.1不定冠词的用法 不定冠词a (an)与数词one 同源，是"一个"的意思。a用于辅音音 素前，一般读作[e]，而an则用于元音音素前，一般读做[en]。 1) 表示"一个"，意为one；指某人或某物，意为a certain。 A Mr. Ling is waiting for you.
2) 代表一类人或物。 A knife is a tool for cutting with. Mr. Smith is an engineer.
双重所有格（of+’s的两种结合）
P11-13 (textbook) 做练习 作业 列出有关名词一讲疑惑不解或易错的５－ １０个难点．
第二讲
冠词和数词
冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面， 帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种，一种是定冠词（the Definite Article），另一种是不定冠词（the Indefinite Article），还 有一种是零冠词（Zero Article）。
加 -es
读 /iz/
以y 1结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时， 直接加s变复数： 如： two Marys the Henrys
)
monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays 比较： 层楼：storey ---storeys story---stories
２.1不定冠词的用法 不定冠词a (an)与数词one 同源，是"一个"的意思。a用于辅音音 素前，一般读作[e]，而an则用于元音音素前，一般读做[en]。 1) 表示"一个"，意为one；指某人或某物，意为a certain。 A Mr. Ling is waiting for you.
2) 代表一类人或物。 A knife is a tool for cutting with. Mr. Smith is an engineer.
双重所有格（of+’s的两种结合）
P11-13 (textbook) 做练习 作业 列出有关名词一讲疑惑不解或易错的５－ １０个难点．
第二讲
冠词和数词
冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面， 帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种，一种是定冠词（the Definite Article），另一种是不定冠词（the Indefinite Article），还 有一种是零冠词（Zero Article）。
初中英语语法专题课件完整版(共983张PPT)
2.不规则变化
构成方法
例词
形式不变 (单复数同形)
sheep－sheep deer－deer Chinese－Chinese Japanese－Japanese
变内部元音字母
foot－feet tooth－teeth goose－geese man－men mouse－mice
词尾加-en/-ren
a group of 一队，一组，一群
②还可用much，little，a little of，a large amount/deal of， no，plenty of等来修饰不可数名词，some，any既可修饰可数名词也可修 饰不可数名词。
much money，plenty of water a little of air some（肯定句）： some milk ，some apples any（疑/否）：Are there any stamps？I don’t have any money (5)数词-名词-形容词构成的复合形容词，中间的名词不能用
普通名词又可分为下面四类：
1）个体名词：表示单个人或单个事物。 如：gun、kid 、book。 2）集体名词：表示一群人或一些事物组成的集合体。 如：family。
3）物质名词：表示无法分为个体的物质、材料、食品、饮料、液体、气体、 金属等名称的名词，
如：pork、wood、bread、water、air。 4）抽象名词：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念及学科、疾病。 如：work 。Hunger、honesty 、love、Chinese、success、HIV。 个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词。
f，fe 为v，再加 -es
shelf－shelves thief－thieves
《初中英语语法》PPT课件
We know （that）we should learn from each other. Please tell me if/whether you have been to America. Could you please tell me where the restrooms are? 引导词是从句的一个成份，所以用哪个引导 词，看从句成份是 否完整，不完整，一定是特殊疑问句。完整，判断主句语气， 是疑问语气，用if/whether; 是肯定语气，用that.
2：用that, if/whether, how,where,what,….等连接词填 空.
that they will visit our school next week. 1.I hear_____
who the girl is? 2.Do you know_____ how can get to the park? 3.Could you tell me _____I 4.We thought ______you had never been there before . that 5.Please tell me_______ you live. where 6.Mother asked me ___________ I had finished my if/whether homework.
why 7.Do you know_____ she is angry? what 8.The teacher asked_____ your name was. how old
9.Tom is ten.I want to know _________ you whether are.
10.He asked you_______ you were a student or not.
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第7页，共74页。
规则变化
单音节词和少数双音节词
2) 以字母 e 结尾加 –r 或 –st
fine – finer – finest
late – later – latest nice – nicer – nicest
第8页，共74页。
规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词
3) 重读闭音节、末尾只有一个辅音
（优选）初中英语语法大全免费 课件
第1页，共74页。
Adjectives
and Adverbs
形容词、副词
第2页，共74页。
区别几组易混淆的副词、形容词
★ already 常用于肯定句、个别疑问句 yet 常用于否定句、疑问句 * The train has already gone. * They haven’t come back yet.
a rest on Sunday. (hard)
2 __L_u_c_k__il_y__, he didn’t fail in the exam.(luck) 3 He was so _s_u_r_p_r_i_s_e_d_ that he couldn’t believe this _s_u_r_p_r_i_s_in__g news. (surprise)
= He is taller than the other students in his class.
= He is taller than any of the other students in his class.
= He is the tallest (student)in his class.
代词的分类
人称代词 Personal Pronouns 物主代词 Possessive Pronouns
规则变化
单音节词和少数双音节词
2) 以字母 e 结尾加 –r 或 –st
fine – finer – finest
late – later – latest nice – nicer – nicest
第8页，共74页。
规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词
3) 重读闭音节、末尾只有一个辅音
（优选）初中英语语法大全免费 课件
第1页，共74页。
Adjectives
and Adverbs
形容词、副词
第2页，共74页。
区别几组易混淆的副词、形容词
★ already 常用于肯定句、个别疑问句 yet 常用于否定句、疑问句 * The train has already gone. * They haven’t come back yet.
a rest on Sunday. (hard)
2 __L_u_c_k__il_y__, he didn’t fail in the exam.(luck) 3 He was so _s_u_r_p_r_i_s_e_d_ that he couldn’t believe this _s_u_r_p_r_i_s_in__g news. (surprise)
= He is taller than the other students in his class.
= He is taller than any of the other students in his class.
= He is the tallest (student)in his class.
代词的分类
人称代词 Personal Pronouns 物主代词 Possessive Pronouns
初中英语语法大全-PPT
9．(2011·上海)These natural disasters have warned us that everyone should start to protect the ________immediately. A．amusement B．development C．environment D．government 【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。amusement“娱乐”；development“发 展”；environment“环境”；government“政府”。句意为“这些自然 灾害已经告诫我们每个人应立刻开始保护环境。” 【答案】C
【答案】A
6．(2011·南京)—Mrs Black, could you give me some advice on how to write an application letter? —With pleasure.Remember that the letter should be written in the formal ________. A．value B．style C．effect D．mood 【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。value“益处，价值”；style“风格， 文体”；effect“影响，效果”；mood“情绪，心情”。由语境知“写申 请信应用正式文体”。 【答案】B
10．(2011·黄冈)—Mrs.Wang was sent to teach English in a poor mountain village last year. —She said she would never forget some pleasant ________ while working there. A．experiments B．expressions C．experiences D．emotions 【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。experiment“实验”；expression“表 达”；experience“经历”；emotion“感情”。空格所在句的句意为“ 她说她永远也不会忘记在那工作时的一些美好的经历。”故选C。 【答案】C
初中英语语法PPT课件
初中英语语法总结
初中语法分类
• 初中语法项目分类：（共8类） • 一般分类 • 1、一般现在时 • 2、一般过去时 • 3、一般将来时 • 4、现在进行时 • 5、现在完成（进行）时 • 6、过去进行时 • 7、过去完成时 • 8、过去将来时
一般现在时
• 构成： • 动词用原形 • 三人称单数-s / es
D. were; have for • 2. Could you tell me what time the plane ______? • A. left B. leaves C. leaved D. was leaving • 3. One of us ______band last month. • A. leaves B. leave C. leaved D. left
• 构成： • 动词用过去时 • Be—was/ were
• 用法： • 表过去某个、段时间内动作及状态
• 象征词： • ago/just now /In1998 last/yesterday 等
一般过去时
• 规则变化： • 一般/去e 双写/辅＋y结尾－ied • 不规则变化: • go-went come-came • do-did leave-left等
过去将来时
• 构成： • would + V 原形 • 多用宾语从句中
• 用法： • 过去看来将要发生的动作或状态
• 象征词： • He said that he… the next day .
过去将来时
• 例句： • He said that he would come here the next
• 3. Jim __________ (jump) on the bus as it ____ ______ (move) away.
初中语法分类
• 初中语法项目分类：（共8类） • 一般分类 • 1、一般现在时 • 2、一般过去时 • 3、一般将来时 • 4、现在进行时 • 5、现在完成（进行）时 • 6、过去进行时 • 7、过去完成时 • 8、过去将来时
一般现在时
• 构成： • 动词用原形 • 三人称单数-s / es
D. were; have for • 2. Could you tell me what time the plane ______? • A. left B. leaves C. leaved D. was leaving • 3. One of us ______band last month. • A. leaves B. leave C. leaved D. left
• 构成： • 动词用过去时 • Be—was/ were
• 用法： • 表过去某个、段时间内动作及状态
• 象征词： • ago/just now /In1998 last/yesterday 等
一般过去时
• 规则变化： • 一般/去e 双写/辅＋y结尾－ied • 不规则变化: • go-went come-came • do-did leave-left等
过去将来时
• 构成： • would + V 原形 • 多用宾语从句中
• 用法： • 过去看来将要发生的动作或状态
• 象征词： • He said that he… the next day .
过去将来时
• 例句： • He said that he would come here the next
• 3. Jim __________ (jump) on the bus as it ____ ______ (move) away.
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一般现在时的动词形式： 动词原形 1.am;is ;are 2.have,has 3.第三人称单数形式-(e)s
肯定句：I watch television every day.
否定句：I don’t watch television every day.
疑问句：Do you watch television every day.
Welcome ！
Outline
过去
1 .一般现在时 2 .一般过去时 3 .一般将来时 4 .过去将来时： 5 .过去进行时： 6. 过去完成时 7. 现在进行时： 8. 现在完成时：
现在
将来
用法： 经常性的和习惯性的动作
常用时间状语 ： usually, sometimes, in spring, every day, in the morning
一般将来时的使用：
1、 基本结构是will / shall do。 例：We shall send her a glass hand-made craft as her birthday gift.（我们将送给她一个玻璃的手工制品，作为给她 的生日礼物。）
2、 有些动词，如：arrive, be close, come, do, done, go, have, leave, open, play, return, sleep, start, stay等，用于一般 进行时，并且通常与一个表示将来时间的时间状语连用，可以 表示将来时。 例：My mother is coming to visit me next week and is staying here until May.（我妈妈下周将来看我，并会呆到5月。）
动词构成: 1. will/shall+动原 2.am/is/are going to+动词原型 3. am/is/are(about)+动词不定式 4. am/is/are+coming等现在分词
以work为例:will/shall work
am/is/are going to work
am/is/are(about) to work am/is/are coming/leaving…
A. had B. would C. was going to D. did
---Come in, Peter, I want to show you something. ---Oh, how nice of you! I ___ you ___ to bring me a
gift.
A. never think; are going B. never thought; were going C. didn’t think; were going D. hadn’t thought; were going
动词构成： was/were+现在分词(--ing) 以work为例：was/were working
否定构成： was/were not+现在分词
一般疑问构成及简答举例: Was/Were+主语+现在分词+其它？ Yes, I was No, I wasn’t
用法：从过去某时间来看将要发生的动作或状态， 常用于宾从句
常用时间状语：the next week等
动词构成： 1、would/should+动原 2、 was/were going to+动原 3、was/were(about) to+动原
以work为例：would/should work was/were going to work was/were(about) to work
否定构成：will/shall not… am/is/are not…
特殊疑问句举例:What will you do tomorrow? When are we going to have a class meeting?
注意：在if条件或as soon as等时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
动词构成：动词过去时（--ed） listen—listened study---studied stop-----stopped come----came
否定构成：didn’t+动原 didn’t work used not (didn’t use) to
work
一般疑问构成及简答举例：Did+主语+动原+其它？
3.某些动词的一般现在时表示说话时正在 存在的一种情况。
I have only a dollar right now. He needs a pen right now.
注：这些动词不能用于进行时。
用法：过去时间发生的或过去经常性的动作
常用时间状语： yesterday, last night, two days ago, in 2000, at that time, before ，when 等引导的含 过去时的句子。
vacation together.
过去将来时的使用：
一、过去将来时表示对于过去某一时间而言将要发生的动 作或存在的状态。 would或was /were going to + V
would可用于各种人称。
二、would +V还可表示过去的习惯动作，在这点上同used to同义。
When we were children, we would/used to go swimming every summer.
5、 “be to do”的5种用法：
a) 表示“按计划、安排即将发生某事或打算做某事”。 例：She is to be seen in the lab on Monday.（星期一你准会在实 验室见到她。）
b) 该做或不该做的事情（语气上接近于should, must, ought to, have to），表示一种命令、规劝性语气。 例：You are to go to bed and keep quiet, kids. Our guests are arriving in less than 5 minutes.（孩子们，你们必须 上床睡觉，不 准吵闹。我们的客人5分钟之内就要到了。）
I didn’t walk to school yesterday.
Did you walk to school yesterday ?
用法：将来会出现或发生的动作
常用时间状语：this evening, tomorrow, next month, in a few minutes, at the end of this term
1.一般过去时表示一个动作或情况在过去 某个的时间开始和结束. I walked to school yesterday. I bought a new car three days ago.
walked,bought now
2.表示过去经常性的动作或情况。 I often got up at 6:00 last year.
Never thought “从未想过“， 与how nice of you所表达的喜悦之情相符
This morning Alice ___ out ___ the door opened and in came some strangers.
A. was just about to go; while B. went ; when C. was going ; while D. was just about to go; when
3、 表示“打算去……，要……”时，可用be going to do。 例：This is just what I am going to say.（这正是我想说 的。）
4、 表示“即将、正要”时，可用be about to do。强调近期 内或马上要做的事。 例：Don't worry, I am about to make a close examination on you.（别担心，我马上就给你做一次仔细的检查。）
否定构成：would/should not… was/were not…
一般疑问构成：常用if或whether引导宾从
特殊疑问句举例：He asked what they would do the next week. I thought I would make lots of newfriends. They said that they were going to spend the
We were all surprised when he made it clear that he ___ office soon.
A.leaves B.would leave C.left D.had left
用法：过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在发生 的动作
常用时间状语：at this time yesterday,at that time, at ten o’clock yesterday或when引导的从句
A: What was it like?
B:I thought it would be busy, but it was very quiet.
三、I thought I was going to...表示“原本打算 干某事”。
---Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday? ---I ___, but I had an unexpected visitor.
注意： start, leave, go, come等的一般现在时可表示按规定要发生的未 来动作，如列车将离开。客观真理在从句中也用一般现在时.
Examples:
It snows in winter. It doesn’t snow in winter. Does it snow in winter?
肯定句：I watch television every day.
否定句：I don’t watch television every day.
疑问句：Do you watch television every day.
Welcome ！
Outline
过去
1 .一般现在时 2 .一般过去时 3 .一般将来时 4 .过去将来时： 5 .过去进行时： 6. 过去完成时 7. 现在进行时： 8. 现在完成时：
现在
将来
用法： 经常性的和习惯性的动作
常用时间状语 ： usually, sometimes, in spring, every day, in the morning
一般将来时的使用：
1、 基本结构是will / shall do。 例：We shall send her a glass hand-made craft as her birthday gift.（我们将送给她一个玻璃的手工制品，作为给她 的生日礼物。）
2、 有些动词，如：arrive, be close, come, do, done, go, have, leave, open, play, return, sleep, start, stay等，用于一般 进行时，并且通常与一个表示将来时间的时间状语连用，可以 表示将来时。 例：My mother is coming to visit me next week and is staying here until May.（我妈妈下周将来看我，并会呆到5月。）
动词构成: 1. will/shall+动原 2.am/is/are going to+动词原型 3. am/is/are(about)+动词不定式 4. am/is/are+coming等现在分词
以work为例:will/shall work
am/is/are going to work
am/is/are(about) to work am/is/are coming/leaving…
A. had B. would C. was going to D. did
---Come in, Peter, I want to show you something. ---Oh, how nice of you! I ___ you ___ to bring me a
gift.
A. never think; are going B. never thought; were going C. didn’t think; were going D. hadn’t thought; were going
动词构成： was/were+现在分词(--ing) 以work为例：was/were working
否定构成： was/were not+现在分词
一般疑问构成及简答举例: Was/Were+主语+现在分词+其它？ Yes, I was No, I wasn’t
用法：从过去某时间来看将要发生的动作或状态， 常用于宾从句
常用时间状语：the next week等
动词构成： 1、would/should+动原 2、 was/were going to+动原 3、was/were(about) to+动原
以work为例：would/should work was/were going to work was/were(about) to work
否定构成：will/shall not… am/is/are not…
特殊疑问句举例:What will you do tomorrow? When are we going to have a class meeting?
注意：在if条件或as soon as等时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
动词构成：动词过去时（--ed） listen—listened study---studied stop-----stopped come----came
否定构成：didn’t+动原 didn’t work used not (didn’t use) to
work
一般疑问构成及简答举例：Did+主语+动原+其它？
3.某些动词的一般现在时表示说话时正在 存在的一种情况。
I have only a dollar right now. He needs a pen right now.
注：这些动词不能用于进行时。
用法：过去时间发生的或过去经常性的动作
常用时间状语： yesterday, last night, two days ago, in 2000, at that time, before ，when 等引导的含 过去时的句子。
vacation together.
过去将来时的使用：
一、过去将来时表示对于过去某一时间而言将要发生的动 作或存在的状态。 would或was /were going to + V
would可用于各种人称。
二、would +V还可表示过去的习惯动作，在这点上同used to同义。
When we were children, we would/used to go swimming every summer.
5、 “be to do”的5种用法：
a) 表示“按计划、安排即将发生某事或打算做某事”。 例：She is to be seen in the lab on Monday.（星期一你准会在实 验室见到她。）
b) 该做或不该做的事情（语气上接近于should, must, ought to, have to），表示一种命令、规劝性语气。 例：You are to go to bed and keep quiet, kids. Our guests are arriving in less than 5 minutes.（孩子们，你们必须 上床睡觉，不 准吵闹。我们的客人5分钟之内就要到了。）
I didn’t walk to school yesterday.
Did you walk to school yesterday ?
用法：将来会出现或发生的动作
常用时间状语：this evening, tomorrow, next month, in a few minutes, at the end of this term
1.一般过去时表示一个动作或情况在过去 某个的时间开始和结束. I walked to school yesterday. I bought a new car three days ago.
walked,bought now
2.表示过去经常性的动作或情况。 I often got up at 6:00 last year.
Never thought “从未想过“， 与how nice of you所表达的喜悦之情相符
This morning Alice ___ out ___ the door opened and in came some strangers.
A. was just about to go; while B. went ; when C. was going ; while D. was just about to go; when
3、 表示“打算去……，要……”时，可用be going to do。 例：This is just what I am going to say.（这正是我想说 的。）
4、 表示“即将、正要”时，可用be about to do。强调近期 内或马上要做的事。 例：Don't worry, I am about to make a close examination on you.（别担心，我马上就给你做一次仔细的检查。）
否定构成：would/should not… was/were not…
一般疑问构成：常用if或whether引导宾从
特殊疑问句举例：He asked what they would do the next week. I thought I would make lots of newfriends. They said that they were going to spend the
We were all surprised when he made it clear that he ___ office soon.
A.leaves B.would leave C.left D.had left
用法：过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在发生 的动作
常用时间状语：at this time yesterday,at that time, at ten o’clock yesterday或when引导的从句
A: What was it like?
B:I thought it would be busy, but it was very quiet.
三、I thought I was going to...表示“原本打算 干某事”。
---Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday? ---I ___, but I had an unexpected visitor.
注意： start, leave, go, come等的一般现在时可表示按规定要发生的未 来动作，如列车将离开。客观真理在从句中也用一般现在时.
Examples:
It snows in winter. It doesn’t snow in winter. Does it snow in winter?