大学生隐私权的民法保护

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论大学生隐私权的民法保护On the Civil Protection of Student Privacy

作者姓名：童娟

指导教师：王洪教授

西南政法大学

Southwest University of Political Science and Law

内容摘要

“隐私”作为一个具有严格法学意义的词汇，只有近几十年的历史。法学意义上的隐私，又称为私人生活秘密，是指与公共利益和群体利益无关的，当事人不愿公开、不愿为人知晓的私人生活。当隐私被法律化、权利化之时，其就转变为了我们所熟悉的隐私权。换言之，隐私权是隐私的法律化、权利化。一般而言，人身要素分为了物质性人身要素和精神性人身要素，隐私权是一种无形的、以信息为内容的精神性人身要素。隐私权是民事主体所依法享有的对其私人信息、私人活动和私人领域进行支配的一种人格权，它划定了个人空间与公共空间的界限，通过此种界限的划分，其发挥着保障个人内心世界的安宁、维护个人人格独立、人格自由和人格力量的作用。隐私权这一概念并非为各国立法所接受，但是，各国立法却不约而同的对其进行保护。正如我们将各种类型的合同统称为合同一样，隐私权也有多种类别。大学生这一特殊群体的隐私权保护在司法实践中还趋于空白，对其研究的深度不够，亟待立法中给予回应。本文从民法角度围绕大学生隐私权的保护问题，深入探讨了大学生隐私权归责原则、构成要件和责任承担等问题,并对如何保护我国大学生隐私权进行了初步的探讨。

本文共计2万3千字左右，由五部分组成，现就内容兹分述如下：

在文章的引言部分，通过对于现阶段大学生隐私权保护的现状进行简要的说明，我们提出了大学生隐私权保护的问题。

在文章的第一部分，我们对于隐私权的相关问题进行了理论探讨。主要包括隐私权的历史沿革、立法例和隐私权的内容等问题进行了探讨，为下文大学生隐私权的展开奠定了理论基础。

在文章的第二部分，我们主要探讨了大学生隐私权的内涵与特点、大学生隐私权的内容以及大学生隐私权民法保护的背景和意义等诸多理论问题进行研究，以期对大学生隐私权的理论问题和现实问题有清醒的认识。

在文章的第三部分，我们就侵犯大学生隐私权的归责原则、构成要件和责任形式进行探讨，以期通过厘清该理论问题，为立法奠定扎实的基础。

在文章的第四部分，我们结合前文中所探讨的问题，提出我们对于大学生隐私权与

高校知情权相互协调的建议。

关键词：大学生；隐私权；归责原则；构成要件；知情权

Abstract

Privacy,as a strict legal sense of the word ,has a history of recent decades. Privacy,on the legal sense,also known as private life secret, which is independent from public interest and group , and clients are unwilling to open, and do not want to be known by the others . After the legalization of private, it changes into privacy which is familiar with us. In other words, privacy is a legalization of privacy. Generally speaking, there are two types of personality, material personality and spiritual personality, and privacy is an invisible and with information content of spiritual personality. Privacy is a personality enjoyed by civil subject entitled by law, in which he or she has dominance over his or her private information, private activities and private areas. It defines the boundaries between personal space and public space, and by thus division, it plays the function of protecting of personal inner peace of the world, maintaining an independent personality and character and personality of free. The concept of privacy is not acceptable for other national legislation, while it is widely protected by national legislation spontaneously. As we name various types of contracts as contract, privacy also has a variety of categories. Students as a special group, whose privacy protection in judicial practice has become a blank, and the depth of its research is not enough, urgent needs of legislation. In this paper, author discussed deeply in responsibility principle, components and accountability of student privacy and has a preliminary study on how to improve the system of privacy, from the perspective of civil law protection of college student privacy.

This article has a total of 23,000 words, and is composed of six parts, hereby described as follows on the contents:

In the introduction to the article, through a brief description of the current situation of student privacy protection, we propose a problem about student privacy protection.

In the first part of the article, we have a theory discussion on privacy related issues, include history of privacy, privacy legislation and its content, and lay a theoretical foundation for the college student privacy protection.

In the second part of the article, we mainly talk about the content and features of college students privacy, the connection between student privacy and privacy, the manifestation of college violating privacy, the background and significance of civil protection to students privacy, and hope to have a clear understanding on theoretical and practical problems on college students privacy.