必修三 Book3 Unit2 healthy eating 语法grammar
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答案:B
考查情态动词。句意:既然Suzie不和我们一起
吃饭,那么我们本不必买那么多食物。needn't have done本不必 做……;may not have done 或许没有做……;can't have done不 可能做……;must have done过去肯定做了……。
7.(2010·山东,25)I________have watched that movie—it'll give me horrible dreams. A.shouldn't C.couldn't B.needn't D.mustn't
2.(2012·江苏,35)—Happy birthday!
—Thank you! It's the best present I ________ for. A.should have wished B.must have wished C.may have wished
D.could have wished
His mother is ill. He has to stay at home to look after her.
他妈妈病了,他得待在家里照顾他。 易混辨析 have to must 侧重客观需要;有时态、人称和数的变化 说话人的主观看法
①I have to go now, for my mother is ill.
答案:C
句意:医生说锻炼对身体很重要,但是必须是
经常锻炼。本题考查情态动词。 can 表可能,用于否定句中; must“必须”;may“可能”。
6.(2012·江西,22)We ________ have bought so much food now that Suzie won't be with us for dinner. A.may not C.can't B.needn't D.mustn't
那很可能是场势均力敌的比赛。
名师点拨 用 ought to表示推断时,语气较肯定,通常指的是一种合 乎逻辑的可能性 ( 与 should 表推断时相似 ) ,有时可译为“准 是”(但语气比must要弱)。 (3)ought to的否定形式为ought not to或oughtn't to,其一般 疑问句形式是将ought置于主语前。 You oughtn't/ought not to scold him.
1.must have done 用于肯定句,表示“过去一定做过某
事”。 She must have been very beautiful when she got married. 她结婚时一定很漂亮。
2.can have done一般用于疑问句和否定句中,用于表示 对过去所发生事情的推测。could have done用于肯定句时,表 示“本有能力做某事而未做”。 ①He cannot have left.His bag is still in the room.
didn't need to 试比较:
表示过去没必要干某事而实际上也 没有干。
①She needn't have come yesterday. 她昨天本不必来。(实际上来了) ②She didn't need to come yesterday. 她昨天不必来。(实际上也没来)
二、难点突破 情态动词+have done的用法
答案:A
考查情态动词。句意:我不该看那部电影的,
那 会 让 我 做 噩 梦 。 shouldn't“ 不 应 该 ” ; needn't“ 不 必 ” ; couldn't“不可能”;mustn't不与have done连用。
8 . He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he ________ it differently. A.could express
他绝不可能走了。他的包还在屋里呢。
②In my view,this accident could have been prevented. 依我看,这次事故本来是可以避免的。(却发生了)
3.Should (ought to) have done表示“过去本应该做某事 而(实际上)没有做”,含有责备或遗憾的语气;其否定形式表
room? —No,you________.You read it in here. A.mightn't C.needn't B.won't D.mustn't
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
答案:D
合句意 。
句意“我可以把书带出阅览室吗?”“不,不
可以,你应在这里读”。由句意知,mustn't “禁止,不许”符
4.(2010·安徽,32)Jack described his father, who______a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-willed man. A.would be C.must be B.would have been D.must have been
一、基础点拨
1.ought to的用法 (1)ought to“应该”。与should相比较ought to语气重,偏重
“责任,义务,道德,法律”等方面。如:
To keep fit, we ought to learn more about our body. 为了保持健康,我们应该多了解我们的身体。 (2)ought to还可表示可能性。如: It ought to be a close game.
②Need I go there now? 我现在需要去那儿吗? 名师点拨
由need引导的一般疑问句的肯定回答常用must或have to,
否定回答常用needn't或don't have to。 —Need I hand in my paper now? 我现在需要交上论文吗? —Yes, you must./No, you needn't (don't have to). 是的,你必须。/不,你不需要。
他们没有必要担心核辐射。 ②You mustn't come here without permission. 未经允许,你不能来这儿。
3.need的用法 (1)need作情态动词时,后跟动词原形,表示“需要,有必 要”,无人称和数的变化,多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句 中。如:
①You needn't go there now. 你现在不必去那儿。
课堂达标验收
1.(2012·天津,8)It's quite warm here; we________ turn the heating on yet. A.couldn't C.needn't B.mustn't D.wouldn't
答案:C
本题考查情态动词的用法。句意:这儿非常暖
和;我们不必开暖气。 couldn't 不可能; mustn't 禁止,不可 以;needn't不必;wouldn't将不会。根据句意,C项正确。
答案:D
句意:杰克把父亲描述成一个意志坚强的人,
父亲多年前一定是个勇敢的男孩。表示对过去情况的推测,要 用must have done结构,故选D。
5.(2010·辽宁,26)Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it______be regular exercise. A.can C.must B.will D.may
Unit 2
Healthy eating
Unit 2
第二课时 Learning about Language
情态动词(Ⅱ)
观察句子,写明情态动词的用法。 ①By now his restaurant ought to be full of people. 应该 ;此处指____________ 按理应当如何 ,具有一定 (ought to意义:____ 的针对性)
行者是动词-ing形式的承受者,因此必须是及物动词的 -ing形
式,若为不及物动词其后应跟介词。 The house needs/wants/requires repairing/to be repaired. 这所房子需要修葺。
易混辨析
needn't have done 表示过去本来没必要干某事而实际 上却干了。
②What could have happened? 疑问句 ,表示对__________ 过去发生动作 的猜测) (could have done用于______ ③Something terrible must have happened. 肯定句 ,表示对__________ 过去发生动作 的肯定推 (must have done用于_____ 测) ④He could not believe his eyes. 能够 能力 (could意义:________ ,强调________)
你不该责备他。
(4)在附加疑问句中,ought(n't) to中的to要省去。在美语中 常用shouldn't代替oughtn't。 We ought to go now, oughtn't/shouldn't we? 我们现在该走了,是吧?
2.have to的用法 have to“不得不”。有时态、人称和数的变化,其否定形式 和疑问形式需要借助助动词do。如:
B.would express
C.could have expressed D.must have expressed 答案:C 表示过去本可以做到某事,应用could have done 结构。
9.—What sort of house do you want to have?Something big? —Well, it________be big—that's not important.
意思是“也许已经做了某事,可能已经做了某事”,多用在肯 定句中,用might时表示语气更加不肯定。 She might have taken it home. 她可能把它带回家了。 5 . needn't have done 表示“本不必做某事而实际上做 了”。 He needn't have gone there yesterday. 他昨天其实不必去那儿的。(却去了)
(2) 作为实义动词,同其他实义动词一样,可用于各种句
式,有时态、人称、数的变化,构成否定句和疑问句时要借助 于助动词do。 ①We need to help him. 我们得帮助他。
②We don't need to tell him the truth.
我们不必告诉他真相。
名师点拨 当need作“需要”讲时,其后跟不定式的被动形式相当于 跟 v.-ing 的主动形式 ,在这一点上,与 want 和 require 作“需 要”讲时一样。 v.-ing 的主动形式表被动含义, need 的动作执
答案:D 考查情态动词。句意:——祝你生日快乐!——谢 谢!这是我能想到的最好的礼物。 could have done 能够做某 事;should have done本该做但未做;must have done过去肯定做 了;may have done或许做了。
3.(2010·陕西,23)—May I take this book out of the reading
现在我不得不走了,因为我妈妈生病了。
②I must stop smoking. 我一定要戒烟。
名师点拨 have to的否定式为don't have to,表示“没有义务或没有必 要做某事”,意为“不必”,常可以回答must提问的一般疑问 句。而must的否定式mustn't表示“禁止”。
①They don't have to worry about the nuclear radiation.
示某种行为不该发生却发生了。
①They ought to have been more careful. 他们本该更小心些。(却没有) ②You ought not to have told him the bad news. 你本不该告诉他这个坏消息。(却告诉了他)
4.may/might have done表示对过去发生的事情的推测,