口译符号及简写
口译专业笔记符号大全
英语口译指导:口译专业笔记符号大全一、缩写词:Abbreviations in Note takingUse only the abbreviations that fit your needs and that you will remember easily. A good idea is to introduce only a few abbreviations into your note taking at a time.1.Symbols helpful in math -- these are commonly used in texts and references.S = sumf = frequencyLeave out periods in standard abbreviations.cf = comparee.g. = exampledept = departmentUse only the first syllable of a word.pol = politicsdem = democracylib = liberalcap = capitalismUse entire first syllable and only 1st letter of 2nd syllable.pres = presentationsubj = subjectind = individualcons = conservativeEliminate final letters. Use just enough of the word to form a recognizable abbreviation.assoc = associatebiol = biologyinfo = informationach = achievementchem = chemistrymax = maximumintro = introductionconc = concentrationmin = minimumrep = repetitionOmit vowels, retain only enough consonants to give a recognizable skeleton of the word.ppd = preparedprblm = problemestmt = estimatebkgd = backgroundgvt = governmentUse an apostrophe in place of letters.am't = amountcont'd = continuedgov't = governmenteducat'l = educationalForm the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding s.chpts = chaptersegs = examplesfs = frequenciesintros = introductionsUse g to represent ing endings.ckg = checkingestg = establishingdecrg = decreasingexptg = experimentingSpell out short words such as in, at, to, but, for, and key.Abbreviations or symbols for short words will make the notes too dense with shorthand.Leave out unimportant words.Leave out the words a and the.If a term, phrase, or name is written out in full during the lecture, substitute initials whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. For example, Center for Aerospace Sciences becomes CAS thereafter.Use symbols for commonly recurring connective or transitional words.& = andw/ = withw/o = withoutvs = against/ = therefore= = is or equal2. Use technical symbols where applicable.zb = German, for exampleibid = Latin, the same worko = degreesH2O = waterMore reference:Use standard maths, accounting, and science symbols. Examples:+ plus// parallelUse standard abbreviations and leave out full stops. Examples:eg exampleIT dept Information Technology departmentUK United KingdomUse only the first syllable of a word. Examples:mar marketingcus customercli clientUse the entire first syllable and the first letter of the second syllable. Examples:subj subjectbudg budgetind individualTo distinguish among various forms of the same word, use the first syllable of the word, an apostrophe, and the ending of the word. Examples:tech'gy technologygen'ion generalisationdel'y deliveryUse just enough of the beginning of a word to form a recognisable abbreviation. Examples: assoc associatedach achievementinfo informationOmit vowels from the middle of words, retaining only enough consonants to provide a recognisable skeleton of the word. Examples:bkgd backgroundmvmt movementprblm problemForm the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding 's.' Examples:custs customersfs frequencies/s ratiosUse 'g' to represent 'ing' endings. Examples:decrg decreasingckg checkingestblg establishingSpell out, rather than abbreviate short words. Examples:inbutaskeyLeave out unimportant verbs. Examples:iswaswereLeave out unnecessary articles. Examples:aantheIf a term, phrase, or name is initially written out in full during the talk or meeting, initials can be substituted whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. Example:January Advertising Campaign Budget JACBUse symbols for common connective or transition words. Examples:@ at2 to4 for& andw/ withw/o withoutvs againstCreate your own set of abbreviations and symbols. You may wish to develop separate sets of symbols and abbreviations for different courses or subjects.Other Symbols and Abbreviationsas a result of / consequences of <--->resulting in --->and / also +equal to / same as =following ffmost importantly *less than <greater than >especially esp.一、缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高,如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。
(完整word版)口译笔记符号汇总,推荐文档
二. 货币简写三.时间简写四.度量衡五. 缩略词六.较长单词的处理办法七.字母、图像、符号一、缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高,如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。
很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词,会对考试大有裨益。
缩略词的写法一般为四种方式:F拿掉所有元音MKT: marketMGR: managerMSG: messageSTD: standardRCV: receiveF保留前几个字母INFO informationINS insuranceEXCH exchangeI owe you IOUIn stead of I/OF保留开头和结尾个发音字母WK weekRM roomPL peopleF根据发音R areTHO thoughTHRU through二、字母、图像Z 表示"人"people/person,因为"Z"看上去像个人头,它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。
例如:日本人:JZ。
C 表示政府,统治:government,govern 希腊字母C读/ga:ma/,近似government, 所以就用C来表示govern, government。
governmental official 可以表示为 CZ P 表示政治:politics, political希腊字母P读/pai/,近似politics, political。
那么politician就可以表示为 PZE 表示总数:total, totally, entire, entirely, on the whole, all in all, to sum up, ect. E 数学符号表示总值。
G 表示效率:efficient, effective。
G为效率符号。
Q 表示"通货膨胀":inflation因为这个符号酷似一个上升的气球。
口译笔记符号大汇总(超全整理版_方便直接背诵)
Conform
CFM
Commission
CMI
Complete
CMP
Concern/concerning/concerned
CONC
Condition
COND
Communication
CMU
Compete/competitive
CMPE
Certificate
CERT
Company
CO.
Departure
∧转折
cross out/eliminate
/否定/消除
question/issue
?问题/疑惑/难题
wonder/miracle/pay attesion to
!惊叹/特别注意
matchless/peerless
无敌
say/speak/talk/marks/ announce/declare
:说/认为/希望
acptd
-able/ible/ble
bl
available
avbl
-ment
mt
amendment
amdmt
-ize
z
recognize
regz
-ful
fl
meaningful
mnfl
七.字母、图像、符号
原词
速记符号
原词
速记符号
people/person人
o右上角
Janpanese日本人
JPo
Government/govern
”d
tomorrow
d’
the day after tomorrow
d’ ’
day by day/everyday
口译笔记符号大汇总
口译笔记符号大汇总一. 地名简写原词速记符号原词速记符号Korea K Sweden SD Switzerland SW 东西南北中等方位“|-”the Republic of Korea(南朝鲜) ROK“K”the DemocraticPeople’s Republic ofKorea(北朝鲜)DPRK“_K”Eastern Germany (东德) “G|”Western Europe(西欧)“|EU”二. 货币简写原词速记符号原词速记符号Sterling/pound £US dollar $Renminbi/RMB ¥Australian dollars #AAustrian schillings Sch Canadian dollars Can$ Eurodollar €New Zealand dollars NZ$ Japanese yen 円三.时间简写原词速记符号原词速记符号hour hr minute ’second ’’morning m afternoon a evening/night/tonight ntoday d yesterday .dthe day before yesterday ”d tomorrow d’the day after tomorrow d’ ’day by day/everyday ddlast night ’n next morning m’this week w the week before last ”wMonday 1w Tuesday 2w Wednesday 3w Thursday 4wFriday 5w Saturday 6wSunday 7w this month mJanuary 1m February 2mMarch 3m April 4mMay 5m June 6mJuly 7m August 8m September 9m October 10m November 11m December 12dmtwo month ago .2m this year ytwo year later y2. 1949年前/491949年后49/ 1949年底4920年以后20y| century Csince/ever since ┠uo to now/ until ┫四.度量衡原词速记符号原词速记符号meter m inch in. centimeter cm foot ft minimeter mm knot ktmile mi acre Anautical mile nm五. 缩略词原词速记符号原词速记符号Apartment APT Accountant ACC According ACDG Accept ACPT Advertisement AD Address ADS aircraft AC at least ALAdvice ADV Approve APVas soon as possible ASAP As much/many as possible AMAPare R Amount AMTBuilding BLDG Balance BAL Cancel CNCL Conference CNF carbon copy cc care of c/o Conform CFM Commission CMI Complete CMP Concern/concerning/concerned CONC Condition COND Communication CMU Compete/competitive CMPE Certificate CERT Company CO. Departure DPT Discount DISC Department DEPT Extent EXT Exchange EXCH Explain EXPLN Extra large XL Final FNT Flight FLT For your reference FYR Freight FRT Guarantee GUAR Good GD Home office H.O. Interested INTST Information INFO important IMPI owe you IOU In stead of I/OIn view of IVO Include IINCD insurance INS Impossible IMPS Individual INDIV Minimum MIN Market MKT Manufacture MANUF Message MSG manager MGR Model MDL Memorandum MEMO No later than NLT Necessary NCRY Ordinary ORD Observe OBS Obtain OBT Product PROD Patent PAT Packing PKG Please PLS People PL Piece PC Position POSNPossible POSS(BL) Quantity QUTYQuality QLTY room RMRegular REGL Representative REPReservation RESN Repeat RPTResponsible RESPON receive RCVReference REF Situation SITNStandard STD Section SECThough THO TGM TelegraphThanks TKS Telephone TELTrade TRD through THRUTemporary TEMP Traffic TRFTotal TTL You UYour UR Will WLWeek WK Weight WT六.较长单词的处理办法词尾缩写原词速记符号-ism m socialism Sm-tion n standardization (标准化) stdn-cian o technician techo-ing g marketing (市场营销) MKTg-ed d accepted acptd-able/ible/ble bl available avbl-ment mt amendment amdmt-ize z recognize regz-ful fl meaningful mnfl七.字母、图像、符号原词速记符号原词速记符号people/person人o右上角Janpanese日本人JPoGovernment/govern C 政府Governmental official CZPolitics/political P 政治politician PZEfficient/effective G 效率inflation Q 通货膨胀victory,/win/success V 胜利Leader/head T 领导人agriculture/agriculture A 农业business B 商业conflict/confrontation C×冲突/矛盾work/employ W 工作/职业industry/industrial i 工业treaty/agreement U 合同/协议bilateral(双边的)U内填入2 trilateral (三边的) U内填入3 Unilateralism(单边主义)U内填入1 Multiple(多边主义) U内填入m谈判破裂U上加一个“/”country/state/nation □国家/民族/领土Import进口gO outport出口Ogchair/ host/preside over Z主持/主办Chairman/host Z°主席、主持人contact, exchanges: ∞联系fishery ∞ 捕鱼业head of government/ company CTinternational/worldwide/global/universal ○ 国际的/世界的/全球的as we all know/ as is known to all/as you have already heard of EO 听到/众所周之meeting/conference/negotiation/seminar/discussion/symposium≰会议/开会pleasant/joyful/happy/excitedJ 开心/高兴/荣幸/好现象unsatisfied/discomfort/angry/sadL 生气/难过/悲伤/忧虑/不满indifferent/apathetic/unconcern/ don’t care much O 漠不关心/无动于衷total/totally/entire/entirely/onthe whole/all in all/to sum up∑总值/总数go into/arrive at/give to/sendto/present to g→ 到达/传达lead to/result in/in thedirection of→ 导致/引导come/go back to/originate ←追溯到be/come from/return/receivefromf← 自于launch/open/start↗发射/投放市场/发行develop/strengthen/promote/boost,/improve/enhance↑ 发展/加强/推进up/upward/rise/increase/arise/ascend h↑ 上升ups and downs/twists andturns/roller coaster<< 波折submit to ↓屈服exchange/mutual n交流a match /rival /competitor/counterpart/against VS对手many/lots of/a great deal of/agood many of/plus+ 多/加之/加上/补充more++/+2多的比较级most +3 多的最高级little/few/lack/in short of/be inshortage of/minus -少/减去/除去about/around/orso/approximately≈大约bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than > 大于/多于/好于/优于less/smaller< 小于/少于/差于/劣于superior to/surpass ∧高inferior to ∨低among/within ( ) 在...之间but yet however ∧转折cross out/eliminate / 否定/消除question/issue ? 问题/疑惑/难题wonder/miracle/pay attesion to !惊叹/特别注意matchless/peerless 无敌say/speak/talk/marks/announce/declare : 说/认为/希望end/stop/halt/bring sth to astandstill/stop∥结束right/good/famous/well-known √对/正确/好的wrong/incorrect/somethingbad/notorious/negative×错误/失误/坏stand up for/support/ agree withsb/certain/ affirmativeY同意not agree/disagree N不同意thought*想法/重要的/优秀的important/best/outstanding/brilliant☆重要的very/extremely __ 强调程度under the circumstance ̄在…的条件/情况下means/that is to say/in otherwords/the same as/be equal to =即/等于/相当于/同等be different from≠不同/不等于/不相当/不是and/together with/alongwith/accompany/alongwith/further more&和/与belong to ∈属于basis of/ perpendicular/ isperpendicular to ≱…的基础therefore/so/as a result/consequently∴所以/结果because/because of/due to∵因为/由于/多亏hear/listen ○3 听说about @关于parallel // water H2O for 4to 2 without w/o with w/ plus or minus ±times x so on, etc, and so forth ···divided by ÷circle, circumference ○degree ℃ellipse 0 percent % diameter θper thousand ‰triangle, delta △between |.| inside/ within/include/ among, ( ) maintaining peace and stability: ◎Empty Oas always/hold on,/persist/ insist on ≡ 一直/总是/一贯pressure/influence ≱(竖线为向下箭头)On the other hand/or / 或者right angle ∟Representative/delegation/ delegation △ocean/sea/river/lake/brook/stream∽江河湖海水hills/mountain ω山climb the mountain ω上加一点·山水之间ω∕∽before/beyond/in front of ·|above/on/over ~上加一点·below/beneath/under ~下加一点·table/desk/house/building/bed ︹桌/凳/床/楼/房在椅子上︹上加一短横在桌子下︹下加一短横look/ look after/ look into/investigate/witness≰资本主义资’四个现代化4mpeace-keeping 维p 第三世界3w+plus加号;正号-minus减号;负号±plus or minus正负号×is multiplied by乘号÷is divided by除号=is equal to等于号≠is not equal to不等于号≡is equivalent to全等于号≌is equal to or approximately equal to等于或约等于号≈is approximately equal to约等于号<is less than小于号>is more than大于号≮is not less than不小于号≯is not more than不大于号≤is less than or equal to小于或等于号≥is more than or equal to大于或等于号%per cent百分之…‰per mill千分之…∞infinity无限大号∝varies as与…成比例√(square) root平方根∵since; because因为∴hence所以∷equals, as (proportion)等于,成比例∠angle角≲semicircle半圆≰circle圆○circumference圆周πpi 圆周率△triangle三角形≱perpendicular to垂直于∪union of并,合集∩intersection of 交,通集∫the integral of …的积分∑(sigma) summation of总和°degree度′minute分″second秒℃Celsius system摄氏度{open brace, open curly左花括号}close brace, close curly右花括号(open parenthesis, open paren左圆括号)close parenthesis, close paren右圆括号() brakets/ parentheses括号[open bracket 左方括号]close bracket 右方括号[] square brackets方括号.period, dot句号,点|vertical bar, vertical virgule竖线&ersand, and, reference, ref和,引用*asterisk, multiply, star, pointer星号,乘号,星,指针/slash, divide, oblique 斜线,斜杠,除号//slash-slash, comment 双斜线,注释符#pound井号\backslash, sometimes escape反斜线转义符,有时表示转义符或续行符~tilde波浪符.full stop句号,comma逗号:colon冒号;semicolon分号?question mark问号!exclamation mark (英式英语) exclamation point (美式英语)'apostrophe撇号-hyphen连字号-- dash 破折号...dots/ ellipsis省略号"single quotation marks 单引号""double quotation marks 双引号‖parallel 双线号&ersand = and~swung dash 代字号§section; division 分节号→arrow 箭号;参见号。
口译笔记的符号和缩略语
一、口译笔记的符号系统和缩略语语言是一个符号系统(包括文字符号)。
用各种符号作记录,概括性强、重点突出、一目了然。
学习一些常规口译笔记中经常使用的符号与缩写词是很有好处的。
在此基础上,每个人也可以形成一套自己常用的、熟悉的、有效的笔记系统。
下面归纳几种相对固定的符号和简写形式,供大家在练习和实践中参考。
(一)箭头“→”表示到达、传达:go into,arrive at,give to,send to,present to, etc. 导致、引导:lead to, result in, in the direction of, etc.“←”表示来自于:be/come from,return,receive from, etc. 追溯到:come/go back to,originate in, etc.“↑”表示上升:up/upward/rise,increase,arise,ascend, etc. 发射、起飞、升空:launch,ascend, skyrocket, etc.发展、加强、推进:develop,strengthen, promote, etc.“↓”表示向下、下降:down/downward/drop, decrease, jump, etc. 减少、恶化:reduce, deteriorate, go down, etc.(二) 数学符号“+”表示和、还有、另外、加上、多:and, in addition to, furthermore, many, lots of, etc.“-”表示减少、除去、少:minus, lack, in short of, little, few, etc.“×”表示错误、没有、反对、冲突:wrong, something bad, negative, conflict, confrontation, etc.“>”表示大于、超过、多于:greater, larger or more than, better than, surpass, more and more, etc.“<”表示小于、不如、次于、比不上:smaller than, fewer/less than, worse than, inferior to, etc.“=”表示等于、相当于、一样:the same as,that is to say, in other words,be equal to, etc. 对手:match/rival/competitor, counterpart.“≠”表示不等于、不同:not equal to, be different from, etc.“≈”表示大约、左右:about/around,or so, approximately, etc.“∵”表示由于、因为:because, as, due to, thanks to, owing to, etc.“∴”表示所以、因此、因而、结果:so, therefore, as a result, consequently, etc.(三) 标点符号“:”表示说:say, speak, talk, marks, announce, declare, etc. 意见、观点、主意:opinion, idea, viewpoint, etc.“?”表示问题:question,issue,problem, etc.“.”点的位置不同表示的概念也不一样:“.d”表示yesterday,“.y"表示last year,“.2m”表示two months ago,“y”表示this year,“y2.”表示 two years later/in two years,“next week”,可以表示为“wk.”“()”表示在……之间:among, within, etc.(四) 其它符号“√”表示好:right/good,famous/well-known,etc. 同意:stand up for,support, agree with somebody, certain/ affirmative, etc.“& ”表示和、与:and,together with,along with, accompany,along with,further more,etc.“☆”表示重要的、杰出的、优秀的、榜样:important, best,outstanding,brilliant,model, etc.“∥”表示结束:end,stop,halt,bring something to a standstill/stop, etc.“°”表示人、者:person, people, 如经济学家可以表示为“经°”,中国人可以表示为“中°”,etc.“⊙”表示会议、讨论、谈判:meeting, seminar, discussion, negotiation, etc.“♂”表示男人:man, male, boy, etc.“♀”表示女人:woman, female, girl, etc.“□”表示国家:country, state, nation, etc.“△”表示代表:represent, on behalf of, etc.“∽”表示交流、交换、替代、相互:exchange, mutual, each other, communication, replace, etc.(五) 缩略词英语缩写词的写法一般有以下几种:●拿掉所有元音。
口译速记符号及范例
口译速记符号及范例
在口译速记中,使用了各种符号来代表不同的词语、词组和信息。
以下是一些常见的口译速记符号及其范例:
1. 单词/词组的缩写:
- 例如:govt(government),UN(United Nations),intro (introduction)
2. 数字:
- 例如:2(two),15(fifteen),3.2%(three point two percent)
3. 符号表示特定含义:
- 例如:∴(therefore),≠(not equal to),±(plus or minus)
4. 词语/词组的简化形式:
- 例如:info(information),conf(conference),rep (report)
5. 声音的表示:
- 例如:/kæt/(cat),/əˈsaɪst/(assist)
6. 常用的速记符号:
- 例如:箭头(表示方向或变化),圆圈(表示重要或突出),斜线(表示取消或过时)
7. 符号的组合和结构:
- 例如:↑(上升),↓(下降),→(发展),←(反对)
8. 表示固定短语或俚语的符号:
- 例如:BFF(best friends forever),TGIF(Thank God it's Friday)
请注意,以上仅为一些常见的例子,实际上口译速记符号有很多种,各口译员可能会根据个人习惯和需求进行一些定制或修改。
使用哪些符号以及如何使用符号,都取决于个人风格和技巧。
口译中的常见缩写和符号表示法
口译中的常见缩写和符号表示法
标点
: 表示各种各样“说”的动词:say, speak, talk, marks, announce, declare, etc.
表示“问题”:question,issue,例如:台湾问题:tw?
. (dot) 这个“.”点的位置不同表示的概念也不一样。“.d”表示yesterday, “.y”表示last year, “.2m”表示two month ago。“y”表示this year, “y2.” two years later,“next week”, 可以表示为”wk.”。
& 表示“和”,“与”:and,together with,along with,accompany,along with,further more,etc.
∥ 表示“结束”:end,stop,halt,bring sth to a standstill/stop, etc.
∧ 表示转折
√ 表示“好的”状态,right/good,famous/well-known,etc.
表示“同意”certain/ affirmative, etc.
☆ 表示“重要的”状态:important,exemplary(模范的) best,outstanding,brilliant,etc. n 表示“交流”状态:exchange,mutual, etc.
口译笔记符号大汇总超全版方便直接背诵
Individual
INDIV
Minimum
MIN
Market
MKT
Manufacture
MANUF
Message
MSG
manager
MGR
Model
MDL
Memorandum
MEMO
No later than
NLT
Necessary
NCRY
Ordinary
ORD
Observe
OBS
Obtain
JPo
Government/govern
C政府
Governmentalofficial
TEMP
Traffic
TRF
Total
TTL
You
U
Your
UR
Will
WL
Week
WK
Weight
WT
六.较长单词的处理办法
词尾
缩写
原词
速记符号
-ism
m
socialism
Sm
-tion
n
standardization (标准化)
stdn
-cian
o
technician
techo
-ing
g
marketing (市场营销)
原词
速记符号
原词
速记符号
meter
m
inch
in.
centimeter
cm
foot
ft
minimeter
mm
knot
kt
mile
mi
acre
A
nautical mile
口译笔记常用符号及缩略语
口译笔记常用符号及缩略语::详细内容::一、常用符号(一)数学符号+表示“加上”、“另外”、“除此之外”or“多”(plus, and, in addition to 或者many, lots o f, a great deal of, a good many of, etc.)++(+2) 表示“多”的比较级:more+3 表示“多”的最高级:most-表示“减去”or “缺乏/少”(minus, lack, in short of/ in shortage of etc或者little, few)×表示“错误”、“失误”和“坏”的概念(wrong/incorrect,something bad,notorious,negative, etc.)√表示“对的”、“好的”、“积极的”(correct, good, positive, affirmative)> 表示“多于”或者“超过”(bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than, surpass, superior to, et c.)< 表示“少于”或者“不如”、“逊色”(less/smaller/fewer than, worse than, inferior to, etc.)≥表示“大于或等于”、“不少于”(more than or equal to, no less than)≤表示“小于或等于”、“不多于”(less than or equal to, no more than)= 表示“同等”、“相当于”(means,that is to say,in other words,the same as,be equal to, etc.)也表示“对手”概念(a match, rival, competitor, counterpart, etc.)≠表示“不同”概念(be different from, etc. )表示“无敌”概念(matchless, peerless, etc.)≈表示“大约”概念(about/around,approximately, or so,etc.)Є表示“属于”(belong to)( ) 表示“在......之间”(among, within, etc. )( 和)都可以表示并列/ 表示“否定”,“消除”等概念(cross out, eliminate, etc.)∵“由于”、“因为”、“幸亏”(because, due to, thanks to, as, owing to)∴“所以”、“因此”、“结果是”(so, therefore, as a result, consequently)⊥表示“在……基础上”(based on),或者“影响”、“效果”、“压力”“负担”(influence, ef fect, impact, pressure, stress, burden, load)E 数学符号表示总值(total, totally, entire, entirely, on the whole, all in all, to sum up, ect. )(二)标点符号: 表示各种各样“说”或“想”的动词:say, speak, talk, marks, announce, declare, express, think, etc.表示“问题”或“疑问”:question,issue,doubt例如:台湾问题:tw? 也可表示“问”(ask)·(dot) 这个“·”点的位置不同表示的概念也不一样“·d”表示yesterday, “·y”表示last year, “·2m”表示two months ago。
口译中的常见缩写和符号表示法
口译中的常见缩写和符号表示法缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高,如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。
很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词,会对考试大有裨益。
缩略词的写法一般为四种方式:1.拿掉所有元音MKT: marketMGR: managerMSG: messageSTD: standardRCV: receive2.保留前几个字母INFO informationINS insuranceEXCH exchangeI owe you IOUIn stead of I/O3.保留开头和结尾的发音字母WK weekRM roomPL people4.根据发音R areTHO thoughTHRU through高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表缩略词原词APT ApartmentACC AccountantACDG AccordingACPT AcceptAD AdvertisementADS AddressADV AdviceAMAP As much/many as possible AMT AmountAPV ApproveASAP As soon as possibleBAL BalanceBLDG BuildingCERT CertificateCFM ConformCNCL CancelCNF ConferenceCMI CommissionCMP CompleteCMPE Compete/competitive CMU CommunicationCONCConcern/concerning/concerned COND ConditionCO. CompanyDEPT DepartmentDISC DiscountDPT DepartureEXCH ExchangeEXPLN ExplainEXT ExtentFLT FlightFNT FinalFRT FreightFYR For your reference GD GoodGUAR GuaranteeH.O. Home officeINFO Information IMPS ImpossibleIMP(T) Important INCD IncludeINDIV IndividualINS InsuranceINTST InterestedI/O In stead ofIOU I owe youIVO In view ofMANUF Manufacture MDL ModelMEMO Memorandum MGR MangerMIN MinimumMKT MarketMSG Message NCRY Necessary NLT No later than OBS ObserveOBT ObtainORD OrdinaryPAT PatentPC PiecePKG PackingPL PeoplePLS PleasePOSN Position POSS(BL) Possible PROD ProductQLTY QualityQUTY QuantityRCV ReceiveREF Reference REGL RegularREP Representative RESN Reservation RPT Repeat RESPON Responsible SEC SectionSITN Situation STD Standard TEL Telephone TEMP Temporary TGM Telegraph THO Though TKS ThanksTRD TradeTRF TrafficTTL TotalU YouUR YourWK WeekWL WillWT WeightXL Extra large字母、图像Z 表示“人” people/person,因为Z 看上去像个人头,它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。
口译笔记符号大汇总(超全整理版_方便直接背诵).doc
1口译笔记符号大汇总二. 货币简写2年底49 20年以后20y| century C since/ever since ┠uo to now/ until ┫in. centimeter cm foot ft minimeter mm knot kt mile mi acre A nautical mile nm五. 缩略词34You U Your UR Will WL WeekWKWeightWT-ism m socialismSm -tion n standardization (标准化) stdn -cian o techniciantecho -ing g marketing (市场营销) MKTg -ed d accepted acptd -able/ible/ble bl available avbl -ment mt amendment amdmt -ize z recognize regz -fulflmeaningfulmnfl七.字母、图像、符号568二、字母、图像Z 表示人people/person,因为Z看上去像个人头,它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。
例如:日本人:JZ。
C 表示政府,统治:government,govern 希腊字母C读/ga:ma/,近似government, 所以就用C来表示govern, government。
governmental official 可以表示为CZP 表示政治:politics, political希腊字母P读/pai/,近似politics, political。
那么politician 就可以表示为PZE 表示总数:total, totally, entire, entirely, on the whole, all in all, to sum up, ect. E 数学符号表示总值。
G 表示效率:efficient, effective。
口译笔记符号大汇总(超全整理版_方便直接背诵)
口译笔记符号大汇总一. 地名简写原词速记符号原词速记符号Korea K Sweden SD Switzerland SW东西南北中等方位“|-”the Republic of Korea(南朝鲜)ROK“K”the DemocraticPeople’s Republic ofKorea(北朝鲜)DPRK“_K”Eastern Germany (东德)“G|”Western Europe(西欧)“|EU”二. 货币简写原词速记符号原词速记符号Sterling/pound£US dollar$Renminbi/RMB¥Australian dollars#AAustrian schillings Sch Canadian dollars Can$ Eurodollar€New Zealand dollars NZ$ Japanese yen円三.时间简写原词速记符号原词速记符号hour hr minute’second’’morning m afternoon a evening/night/tonight ntoday d yesterday.dthe day before yesterday”d tomorrow d’the day after tomorrow d’ ’day by day/everyday ddlast night’n next morning m’this week w the week before last”wMonday1w Tuesday2wWednesday3w Thursday4wFriday5w Saturday6wSunday7w this month mJanuary1m February2mMarch3m April4mMay5m June6mJuly7m August8m September9m October10m November11m December12dmtwo month ago.2m this year ytwo year later y2.1949年前/491949年后49/1949年底4920年以后20y|century Csince/ever since┠uo to now/ until┫四.度量衡原词速记符号原词速记符号meter m inch in. centimeter cm foot ftminimeter mm knot ktmile mi acre Anautical mile nm五. 缩略词原词速记符号原词速记符号Apartment APT Accountant ACC According ACDG Accept ACPT Advertisement AD Address ADS aircraft AC at least ALAdvice ADV Approve APVas soon as possible ASAP As much/many as possible AMAPare R Amount AMT Building BLDG Balance BAL Cancel CNCL Conference CNF carbon copy cc care of c/o Conform CFM Commission CMI Complete CMP Concern/concerning/concerned CONC Condition COND Communication CMU Compete/competitive CMPE Certificate CERT Company CO.Departure DPT Discount DISC Department DEPT Extent EXT Exchange EXCH Explain EXPLN Extra large XL Final FNT Flight FLT For your reference FYR Freight FRT Guarantee GUAR Good GD Home office H.O.Interested INTST Information INFO important IMPI owe you IOU In stead of I/OIn view of IVO Include IINCD insurance INS Impossible IMPS Individual INDIV Minimum MIN Market MKT Manufacture MANUF Message MSG manager MGR Model MDL Memorandum MEMO No later than NLT Necessary NCRY Ordinary ORD Observe OBS Obtain OBT Product PROD Patent PAT Packing PKG Please PLS People PLPiece PC Position POSNPossible POSS(BL)Quantity QUTYQuality QLTY room RMRegular REGL Representative REPReservation RESN Repeat RPTResponsible RESPON receive RCVReference REF Situation SITNStandard STD Section SECThough THO TGM TelegraphThanks TKS Telephone TELTrade TRD through THRUTemporary TEMP Traffic TRFTotal TTL You UYour UR Will WLWeek WK Weight WT六.较长单词的处理办法词尾缩写原词速记符号-ism m socialism Sm-tion n standardization (标准化)stdn-cian o technician techo-ing g marketing (市场营销)MKTg-ed d accepted acptd-able/ible/ble bl available avbl-ment mt amendment amdmt-ize z recognize regz-ful fl meaningful mnfl七.字母、图像、符号原词速记符号原词速记符号people/person人o右上角Janpanese日本人JPoGovernment/govern C 政府Governmental official CZPolitics/political P 政治politician PZEfficient/effective G 效率inflation Q 通货膨胀victory,/win/success V 胜利Leader/head T 领导人agriculture/agriculture A 农业business B 商业conflict/confrontation C× 冲突/矛盾work/employ W 工作/职业industry/industrial i 工业treaty/agreement U 合同/协议bilateral(双边的)U内填入2trilateral (三边的)U内填入3 Unilateralism(单边主义)U内填入1Multiple(多边主义)U内填入m谈判破裂U上加一个“/”country/state/nation□国家/民族/领土Import进口gO outport出口Ogchair/ host/preside over Z主持/主办Chairman/host Z°主席、主持人contact, exchanges:∞联系fishery∞捕鱼业head of government/ company CTinternational/worldwide/global/universal ○国际的/世界的/全球的as we all know/ as is known to all/as you have already heard of EO 听到/众所周之meeting/conference/negotiation/seminar/discussion/symposium⊙会议/开会pleasant/joyful/happy/excitedJ 开心/高兴/荣幸/好现象unsatisfied/discomfort/angry/sadL 生气/难过/悲伤/忧虑/不满indifferent/apathetic/unconcern/ don’t care much O 漠不关心/无动于衷total/totally/entire/entirely/onthe whole/all in all/to sum up∑总值/总数go into/arrive at/give to/sendto/present to g→到达/传达lead to/result in/in thedirection of→导致/引导come/go back to/originate←追溯到be/come from/return/receivefromf←自于launch/open/start↗发射/投放市场/发行develop/strengthen/promote/boost,/improve/enhance↑发展/加强/推进up/upward/rise/increase/h↑上升ups and downs/twists and << 波折arise/ascend turns/roller coastersubmit to↓屈服exchange/mutual n交流a match /rival /competitor/counterpart/against VS对手many/lots of/a great deal of/agood many of/plus+ 多/加之/加上/补充more++/+2多的比较级most+3 多的最高级little/few/lack/in short of/be inshortage of/minus -少/减去/除去about/around/orso/approximately≈大约bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than > 大于/多于/好于/优于less/smaller< 小于/少于/差于/劣于superior to/surpass∧高inferior to∨低among/within( ) 在...之间but yet however∧转折cross out/eliminate/ 否定/消除question/issue? 问题/疑惑/难题wonder/miracle/pay attesion to!惊叹/特别注意matchless/peerless无敌say/speak/talk/marks/announce/declare : 说/认为/希望end/stop/halt/bring sth to astandstill/stop∥结束right/good/famous/well-known√对/正确/好的wrong/incorrect/somethingbad/notorious/negative× 错误/失误/坏stand up for/support/ agree withsb/certain/ affirmativeY同意not agree/disagree N不同意thought*想法/重要的/优秀的important/best/outstanding/brilliant☆重要的very/extremely__ 强调程度under the circumstance ̄在…的条件/情况下means/that is to say/in otherwords/the same as/be equal to =即/等于/相当于/同等be different from≠不同/不等于/不相当/不是and/together with/along &和/与belong to∈属于with/accompany/alongwith/further morebasis of/ perpendicular/ isperpendicular to ⊥ …的基础therefore/so/as a result/consequently∴所以/结果because/because of/due to∵因为/由于/多亏hear/listen○3听说about@关于parallel// water H2O for4to2without w/o with w/plus or minus±times x so on, etc, and so forth ···divided by÷circle, circumference○degree℃ellipse0 percent%diameterθper thousand‰triangle, delta △between|.|inside/ within/include/ among,( ) maintaining peace and stability: ◎Empty Oas always/hold on,/persist/ insist on ≡一直/总是/一贯pressure/influence⊥(竖线为向下箭头)On the other hand/or/ 或者right angle∟Representative/delegation/ delegation △ocean/sea/river/lake/brook/stream∽江河湖海水hills/mountainω山climb the mountainω上加一点·山水之间ω∕∽before/beyond/in front of·|above/on/over~上加一点·below/beneath/under~下加一点·table/desk/house/building/bed︹桌/凳/床/楼/房在椅子上︹上加一短横在桌子下︹下加一短横look/ look after/ look into/investigate/witness⊙资本主义资’四个现代化4mpeace-keeping维p第三世界3w。
口译速记符号及范例
口译速记符号及范例
在口译过程中,速记是一种非常重要的技能,可以帮助译员更快速、准确地记录和传达信息。
以下是一些常用的口译速记符号及范例,供译员参考。
1.缩写符号
缩写符号是指将一个词或短语的首字母缩写成一个速记符号。
例如:
UN(联合国)
OPEC(石油输出国组织)
VIP(要人)
2.数字速记符号
数字速记符号可以用来表示数量、时间、日期等。
例如:
2000—至今:表示从2000年到现在。
|:用一条线表示一个时间段或过程。
例如:“from 2000—to date”表示从2000年到现在。
1,2,3,…):或递减(10,9,8,…)。
例如:第一名、最后一名等。
3.比较关系速记符号
使用大于(>)和小于(<)符号来表示比较关系。
例如:
5(>5):表示大于5。
小于3(<3):表示小于3。
4.加减运算速记符号
在进行加减运算时使用加号(+)和减号(-)。
例如:
5+3=8(5加3等于8)。
5.百分比速记符号
在表示百分比时使用百分号(%)。
例如:
50%(百分之五十):表示50/100。
6.特殊符号及用法。
口译符号、缩写和案例
Abbreviations
IT indy E-b CI CEO Respon Demo Ad Memo TQC Information industry E-business Corporate image Chief executive officer Responsibility Demonstration Advertisement Memorandum Total quality control 信息产业 电子商务 公司形象 总裁 责任 演示 广告 备忘录 全面质量管理
• ICC(International Chamber of Commerce)国际商会 • UEA(Universal Esperanto Association)国际世界语协会 • INTELSAT (International telecommunications Satellitic)国 际通信卫星机构 • IRTO (International Radio and Television Organization)国 际广播电视组织 • IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency) 国际原子能 机构 • NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)北大西洋公约 组织 • OPEC(Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries)石 油输出国组织
• Rep of Na. Uni→ • Psy. Diseas. • Maj. Fac. For: • 1: 修 • 2. 辍 • 3. 自杀(80’s 中) • So: • Edu. Pl. warn!:
•
• •
心Edu. *atten. ↑ Bec: It → * fac}1. heal 2. uni’s 稳}//
口译常用的笔记符号汇总
口译常用的笔记符号汇总一、前言口译笔记是一种有效的辅助工具,能够帮助译员记录关键信息,提高翻译的准确性和效率。
正确的笔记可以帮助译员在紧张的口译环境中保持清晰思维,避免因遗忘或疏忽而造成的错误。
本篇文档旨在汇总口译过程中常用的笔记符号,以便译员在实践中参考和使用。
二、笔记符号说明1.缩写词:用字母、数字等简洁形式记录单词或短语,如“u”代表“under”,“m”代表“meeting”。
2.符号:用各种符号记录概念、观点、人名等,如“△”代表“注意”,“☆”代表“重要”。
3.符号组合:将多个符号组合使用,表达更复杂的含义,如“⊙”+“b”+“√”代表“乙方已确认”。
4.线条:用线条记录时间和空间信息,如“↑”代表时间推进,“●”代表地点。
5.特殊符号:用特殊符号记录特殊概念或情况,如“*”代表突发情况,“#”代表需要特别关注的人或事。
6.标注:在单词、短语或句子旁边添加注释,如“注意语法”、“需要核实信息”。
三、笔记符号分类1.词汇类:包括名词、动词、形容词、副词等基本词汇的记录,如“公司”、“讨论”、“热情”、“快速”。
2.句式类:包括常用句型、表达方式、习惯用语的记录,如“如果…就…”,“预期效果是…”。
3.人名地名类:包括人名、地名等专有名词的记录,如“张三”、“北京”、“上海”。
4.特殊符号类:包括数字、货币、度量衡等特殊概念的记录,如“100元”,“50公斤”。
5.时间空间类:包括时间、日期、星期、月份、季节、天气等空间信息的记录,如“今天星期四”,“会议在会议室进行”。
四、常见笔记符号示例1.缩写词示例:“d=day,n=night,e=email”2.符号示例:“▲=减慢速度,●=暂停”,“※=重要信息”,“$=货币符号”,“※+手+√=手记确认”3.符号组合示例:“※+笔+√=需要记录的信息”,“●+椅子+√=休息地点”4.标注示例:“√=已同意”,“?=需要进一步确认”,“↑=增加音量”,“↓=降低音量”5.时间空间示例:“↑9:00”,“↓会议室”,“#主席台”五、总结口译过程中,正确的笔记可以帮助译员快速记录关键信息,提高翻译效率。
口译速记符号大全(超实用)
E 表示总数:total, totally, entire, entirely, on the whole, all in all, to sum up, ect. E 数学 符号表示总值。
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L: Use technical symbols where applicable. zb = German, for example ibid = Latin, the same work o = degrees H2O = water
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2. Letters and images
For example, Center for Aerospace Sciences becomes CAS thereafter.
K: Use symbols for commonly recurring connective or transitional words. & = and w/ = with w/o = without vs = against
I: Use g to represent ing endings. ckg = checking estg = establishing decrg = decreasing exptg = experimenting
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J: If a term, phrase, or name is written out in full during the lecture, substitute initials whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again.
英语口译入门-笔记
一、口译笔记的符号系统和缩略语语言是一个符号系统(包括文字符号)。
用各种符号作记录,概括性强、重点突出、一目了然。
学习一些常规口译笔记中经常使用的符号与缩写词是很有好处的。
在此基础上,每个人也可以形成一套自己常用的、熟悉的、有效的笔记系统。
下面归纳几种相对固定的符号和简写形式,供大家在练习和实践中参考。
(一)箭头“→”表示到达、传达:go into,arrive at,give to,send to,present to, etc. 导致、引导:lead to, result in, in the direction of, etc.“←”表示来自于:be/come from,return,receive from, etc. 追溯到:come/go back to,originate in, etc.“↑”表示上升:up/upward/rise,increase,arise,ascend, etc. 发射、起飞、升空:launch,ascend, skyrocket, etc.发展、加强、推进:develop,strengthen,promote, etc.“↓”表示向下、下降:down/downward/drop, decrease, jump, etc. 减少、恶化:reduce, deteriorate, go down, etc.(二) 数学符号“+”表示和、还有、另外、加上、多:and, in addition to, furthermore, many, lots of, etc.“-”表示减少、除去、少:minus, lack, in short of, little, few, etc.“×”表示错误、没有、反对、冲突:wrong, something bad, negative, conflict, confrontation, etc.“>”表示大于、超过、多于:greater, larger or more than, better than, surpass, more and more, etc.“<”表示小于、不如、次于、比不上:smaller than, fewer/less than, worse than, inferior to, etc.“=”表示等于、相当于、一样:the same as,that is to say,in other words,be equal to, etc. 对手:match/rival/competitor, counterpart.“≠”表示不等于、不同:not equal to, be different from, etc.“≈”表示大约、左右:about/around,or so,approximately, etc.“∵”表示由于、因为:because, as, due to, thanks to, owing to, etc.“∴”表示所以、因此、因而、结果:so, therefore, as a result, consequently, etc.(三) 标点符号“:” 表示说:say, speak, talk, marks, announce, declare, etc. 意见、观点、主意:opinion, idea, viewpoint, etc.“?” 表示问题:question,issue,problem, etc.“.”点的位置不同表示的概念也不一样:“.d”表示yesterday,“.y"表示last year,“.2m”表示two months ago,“y”表示this year,“y2.”表示two years later/in two years,“next week”,可以表示为“wk.”“()” 表示在……之间:among, within, etc.(四) 其它符号“√” 表示好:right/good,famous/well-known,etc. 同意:stand up for,support,agree with somebody, certain/ affirmative, etc.“& ” 表示和、与:and,together with,along with,accompany,along with,further more,etc.“☆” 表示重要的、杰出的、优秀的、榜样:important,best,outstanding,brilliant,model, etc.“∥” 表示结束:end,stop,halt,bring something to a standstill/stop, etc.“°”表示人、者:person, people, 如经济学家可以表示为“经°”,中国人可以表示为“中°”,etc.“⊙”表示会议、讨论、谈判:meeting, seminar, discussion, negotiation, etc.“♂”表示男人:man, male, boy, etc.“♀”表示女人:woman, female, girl, etc.“□”表示国家:country, state, nation, etc.“△”表示代表:represent, on behalf of, etc.“∽”表示交流、交换、替代、相互:exchange, mutual, each other, communication, replace, etc.(五) 缩略词英语缩写词的写法一般有以下几种:∙拿掉所有元音。
【英语Study】口译中的常见缩写和符号表示法
口译中的常见缩写和符号表示法口译中的单词速记法其实有很多形式:缩略、符号代替、图像代替,大家还可以自己发明一套速记符号,关键是要多联系,得心应手。
不如从上课时记笔记开始练起吧。
英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高,如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。
很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词,会对考试大有裨益。
①拿掉所有元音MKT: marketMGR: managerMSG: messageSTD: standardRCV: receive②保留前几个字母INFO informationINS insuranceEXCH exchangeI owe you IOUIn stead of I/O③保留开头和结尾的发音字母WK weekRM roomPL people④根据发音R areTHO thoughTHRU through缩略词原词APT ApartmentACC AccountantACDG AccordingACPT AcceptAD AdvertisementADS AddressADV AdviceAMAP As much/many as possibleAMT AmountAPV ApproveASAP As soon as possibleBAL BalanceBLDG BuildingCERT CertificateCFM ConformCNCL CancelCNF ConferenceCMI CommissionCMP CompleteCMPE Compete/competitiveCMU CommunicationCONC Concern/concerning/concerned COND ConditionCO. CompanyDEPT DepartmentDISC DiscountDPT DepartureEXCH ExchangeEXPLN ExplainEXT ExtentFLT FlightFNT FinalFRT FreightFYR For your referenceGD GoodGUAR GuaranteeH.O. Home officeINFO Information IMPS Impossible IMP(T) Important INCD Include INDIV Individual INS Insurance INTST InterestedI/O In stead of IOU I owe youIVO In view ofMANUF Manufacture MDL ModelMEMO Memorandum MGR MangerMIN MinimumMKT MarketMSG MessageNCRY Necessary NLT No later thanOBS ObserveOBT ObtainORD OrdinaryPAT PatentPC PiecePKG PackingPL PeoplePLS PleasePOSN Position POSS(BL) Possible PROD ProductQLTY Quality QUTY QuantityRCV ReceiveREF Reference REGL RegularREP RepresentativeRESN ReservationRPT RepeatRESPON ResponsibleSEC SectionSITN SituationSTD StandardTEL TelephoneTEMP TemporaryTGM TelegraphTHO ThoughTKS ThanksTRD TradeTRF TrafficTTL TotalU YouUR YourWK WeekWL WillWT WeightXL Extra large✓Z 表示“人”:people/person,因为 Z 看上去像个人头,它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。
作用的口译符号
作用的口译符号
在口译中,使用特定的符号可以帮助译员更快速、准确地传达信息。
以下是一些常用的口译符号:
1. 缩写和简写:使用常见词汇的缩写或简写,例如:UN代表联合国,USA 代表美国,etc。
2. 数学符号:使用数学符号来表示数量和关系,例如:>代表大于,<代表小于,=代表等于,≠代表不等于。
3. 箭头:使用箭头来表示动作或关系的方向,例如:↑代表上升,↓代表下降,←代表向左,→代表向右。
4. 图形符号:使用简单的图形符号来表示某些概念或事物,例如:用笑脸符号来表示“快乐”,用哭脸符号来表示“悲伤”。
5. 底线:在某些单词下面画线,表示强调或重要。
6. 括号:使用括号来表示附加信息或解释,例如:用圆括号来表示补充信息或解释说明。
7. 引号:使用引号来表示引用或强调,例如:用双引号来表示直接引用。
8. 点状线:使用点状线来表示序列或流程,例如:用点状线来表示步骤或操作的顺序。
这些符号都是为了方便口译员在快速、准确的传达信息,提高口译效率和质量。
当然,每个口译员都有自己的符号系统,可以根据自己的习惯和需要来制定自己的符号系统。
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字母、图像Z 表示"人"people/person,因为"Z"看上去像个人头,它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。
例如:日本人:JZ。
C 表示政府,统治:government,govern 希腊字母C读/ga:ma/,近似government, 所以就用C来表示govern, government。
governmental official 可以表示为CZP 表示政治:politics, political希腊字母P读/pai/,近似politics, political。
那么politician 就可以表示为PZE 表示总数:total, totally, entire, entirely, on the whole, all in all, to sum up, ect. E 数学符号表示总值。
G 表示效率:efficient, effective。
G为效率符号。
Q 表示"通货膨胀":inflation因为这个符号酷似一个上升的气球。
A 表示农业: agriculture. agriculture经常用到,所以用首字母代替。
B 表示商业:business。
C×表示冲突,矛盾:conflict,confrontation "C×"中的"×"表示反对,字母"C"将反对的概念缩小为conflict 和confrontation。
W 表示工作,职业: work, employ 等。
它是work的第一个字母。
所以WZ就可以用来表示worker, 而W(Z在字母上方表示employer, 在字母下方表示employee)。
i 表示工业: industry, industrial 字母i 像只烟囱,所以用来可以用来表示工业。
U U 看酷似一个酒杯,在笔记中表示合同、协议(treaty, agreement)一般只有在谈判成功、协议成交后才会表示"举杯祝贺"。
如果在U内填入2××××,就可以表示为bilateral (双边的), 填入3表示为trilateral(三边的)。
填入在U中填入1表示: Unilateralism(单边主义),填入m (multiple) 表示多边主义。
如果在U上加一个"/"××××表示谈判破裂。
O 表示"国家"、"民族"、"领土"等:country, state, nation, etc.gO表示进口,Og表示出口这个符号酷似一把椅子,可以表示主持、主办:chair, host, preside over。
那么在此符号上加Z表示主席,主持人:chairman, host, etc.T 表示"领导人":leader, head那么head of government, head of company 便可以表示为CT⊙圆圈表示一个圆桌,中间一点表示一盆花,这个符号就可以表示会议、开会等:meeting,conference,negotiation,seminar,discussion,symposiumk 这个符号看上像条鱼,所以表示"捕鱼业"等合fishery 有关的词汇。
O 圆圈代表地球,横线表示赤道,所以这个符号就可以表示国际的、世界的、全球的等: international, worldwide, global, universal, etc.J 表示开心:pleasant, joyful,happy,excited, etc.L 表示不满、生气unsatisfied, discomfort, angry, sad, etc.EO 表示听到、总所周之:as we all know, as is known to all, as you have already heard of, etc.O 表示漠不关心、无动于衷:indifferent, apathetic, unconcern, don't care much, etc 缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高,如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。
很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词,会对考试大有裨益。
缩略词的写法一般为四种方式:F拿掉所有元音MKT: marketMGR: managerMSG: messageSTD: standardRCV: receiveF保留前几个字母INFO :informationINS :insuranceEXCH exchangeI owe you IOUIn stead of I/OF保留开头和结尾个发音字母WK:weekRM:roomPL:peopleF根据发音R :areTHO:thoughTHRU:through高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表缩略词原词APT :ApartmentACC:AccountantACDG :AccordingACPT: AcceptAD :AdvertisementADS :AddressADV:AdviceAMAP :As much/many as possible AMT:AmountAPV :ApproveASAP :As soon as possibleBAL :BalanceBLDG :BuildingCERT CertificateCFM :ConformCNCL :CancelCNF:ConferenceCMI :CommissionCMP :CompleteCMPE :Compete/competitiveCMU :CommunicationCONC :Concern/concerning/concerned COND :ConditionCO. :CompanyDEPT:Department DISC :Departure EXCH:Exchange EXPLN:ExplainEXT:ExtentFLT :FinalFRT:FreightFYR :For your reference GD :GoodGUAR :GuaranteeH.O. Home officeINFO :Information IMPS :ImpossibleIMP(T):Important INCD :IncludeINDIV :IndividualINS:InsuranceINTST :InterestedI/O :In stead ofIOU :I owe youIVO:In view ofMANUF :ManufactureMDL :ModelMEMO :Memorandum MGR :MangerMIN :MinimumMKT :MarketMSG :Message NCRY :Necessary NLT :No later than OBS :ObserveOBT :ObtainORD :OrdinaryPAT :PatentPC :PiecePKG :PackingPL :PeoplePLS :Please POSN:Position POSS(BL):Possible PROD:Product QLTY:Quality QUTY:Quantity RCV:ReceiveREF :Reference REGL :RegularREP :Representative RESN:Reservation RPT :Repeat RESPON :Responsible SEC:SectionSITN :SituationSTD :StandardTEL :Telephone TEMP :Temporary TGM :TelegraphTHO :ThoughTKS :ThanksTRD :TradeTRF:TrafficTTL :TotalU :YouUR :YourWK :WeekWL :WillWT :WeightXL:Extra large数学符号+ 表示"多": many, lots of, a great deal of, a good many of, etc.++(+2) 表示"多"的比较级:more+3 表示"多"的最高级:most-表示"少": little, few, lack ,in short of/ be in shortage of etc.×表示"错误"、"失误"和"坏"的概念:wrong/incorrect,something bad,notorious,negative, etc.> 表示"多于"概念:bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than, etc.表示"高" 概念:superior to,surpass, etc.< 表示"少于"概念:less/smaller,etc.表示"低"概念:inferior to,etc.= 表示"同等"概念:means,that is to say,in other words,the same as,be equal to, etc 表示"对手"概念:a match, rival, competitor, counterpart, etc.( ) 表示"在......之间":among, within, etc.≠表示"不同"概念:be different from, etc.表示"无敌"概念:matchless, peerless, etc.~表示"大约"概念:about/around,or so,approximately, etc./ 表示"否定","消除"等概念:cross out, eliminate, etc.标点等: 表示各种各样"说"的动词:say, speak, talk, marks, announce, declare, etc.? 表示"问题":question,issue,例如:台湾问题:tw?. (dot) 这个"."点的位置不同表示的概念也不一样".d"表示yesterday, ".y"表示last year, ".2m"表示two month ago。