南海区(市)土地利用变化空间分析

韶关学院

毕业论文

题目：南海区（市）土地利用变化空间分析

学生姓名：林凡梓

学号：12102101032

系（院）：英东农业科学与工程学院

专业：土地资源管理

班级：12土地资源管理

指导教师姓名及职称：王卫

起止时间：年月——年月

南海区（市）土地利用变化空间分析

摘要：

南海区，广东省佛山市下辖区，位于珠江三角洲腹地，紧连广州市，毗邻香港特别行政区、澳门特别行政区。南海是经济与社会和谐发展的先进城市，是国家信息化示范城市、国家卫生城市、中国优秀旅游城市、全国文化先进县、全国区域技术创新示范城市、广东省教育强区。随着工业化和城市化进程的日益加快，人地矛盾日趋显现，未了既能满足社会发展对建设用地的需求，又能满足人满生活对粮食生产的需求，确保国家粮食安全，开展佛山市南海区土地资源空间开发利用研究显得尤为必要和迫切。在土地空间利用可持续发展的指导下进行土地利用程度评价研究工作，为我们全面把握土地空间资源的利用状况提供了重要的参考条件，对南海区的土地可持续利用和全社会的经济发展具有重要的意义。

本文首先综合ENVI和ARCGIS软件,利用基于遥感的土地利用分类方法与变化监测等技术，结合GIS中的空间叠加分析和空间统计方法，遵循土地利用分类精度要求，构建从影像数据输入、影像数据的预处理（校正、配准、增强处理等）影像数据土地利用分类到土地利用分类结果分析与比较的基于多源数据融合的土地利用分类信息系统。与传统的系统相比，本系统是一种更专业的信息管理系统，可以对研究区域的信息进行更全方位、综合、高效的管理，为区域的发展规划决策提供更为可靠的依据。

运用GIS空间分析方法和数理统计方法,对南海区区1990~1999年间的土地利用类型转移变化、土地利用变化幅度、土地利用程度变化、土地利用类型变化趋势、驱动因素等方面进行了分析,得出如下结论: (1)土地利用变化过程分析该区域土地利用类型的变化主要发生在耕地、林地、人居、水域和未利用地之间。(2)土地利用变化趋势分析从该区域各类土地利用数量变化的幅度、速度,阐明了该区域土地利用变化的趋势。耕地、居民用地均呈逐步增长的态势而林地、未利用地缓慢减少的趋势。 (3)土地利用变化主导因素分析在分析了研究区土地利用变化过程和趋势的基础上,从自然因素、人口因素、社会经济因素和政策因素等方面入手,对该地区土地利用变化的主导因素进行了分析。结果表明:该区域土地利用类型的变化是自然因素和人类活动共同作用的结果,其中人口快速增长、政策环境的变化是最主要的因素。

关键词：空间分析、土地利用、最大似然分类法

Analysis of land use change in Nanhai District

Abstract：Nanhai District, Guangdong Province, Foshan City area, located in the Pearl River Delta hinterland, i s closely connected with the Guangzhou City, adjacent to the Hongkong Special Administrative Region, Macao special administrative region. The South China Sea is the advanced city of harmonious development of econo my and society, is the national demonstration city, National Sanitary City, China excellent tourism city, national cultural advanced counties,the national technology innovation demonstration area city, GuangdongProvince jiaoyu qiangqu. With the development of industrialization and city of accelerating the process of contradiction increasi ngly outstanding, my dear friend, not only to meet the socialdevelopment demand for construction land, and ca n meet the demand for food production is full of life, to ensure national food security, to carry out the Fosha n Nanhai district space development and utilization of land resources is particularly necessary and urgent. In th espatial land use can know I years under the land use degree evaluation research work,provides an important refe rence for the use of conditions we fully grasp the land space resources, has important significance for the susta inable use of land in the South China Seaarea and the economic development of the whole society.

This paper combines ENVI and ARCGIS software, the use of remote sensing classification methods of land us e and change monitoring based on the technology, combined with spatialoverlay analysis and spatial statistical methods in GIS, follow the land use classificationaccuracy requirements, construction, pre processing of input i mage data from the image data(correction, registration, to enhance the processing of image data of land) use cla ssification toland use classification result analysis and classification system of land use information of multi-sou rce data fusion based on comparison. Compared with the traditional system, this system is a more professional i nformation management system, to study the regional information more comprehensive, comprehensive, efficient management, decision-making forregional development planning to provide a more reliable basis for.

By using the GIS spatial analysis method and mathematical statistics method, analyzes theland use types in So uth China Sea District during 1990~1999 shift, the change range of land use, land use change, land use chang e, driving factors of change etc., draw the following conclusions: (1) analysis of land use change type of land us e change in the area mainlyoccurred in cultivated land, forest land, residential, water and unused land. (2) land use change trend analysis from the regional land use quantity changes, speed, the changes of land use in this are a. Cultivated land, residential land showed a gradual increase trend and the forest, unused land reduced slowl y. (3) land use change analysis of the leading factors in the analysis of the basic research area in the process of land use change and trends, from the aspects of natural factors, population factors, social economic factors a nd policy factors,dominant factor on the changes of land use in the area are analyzed. The results show that: the regional land use change is the interaction of natural factors and human activities, therapid population grow th, changes in policy environment is the most important factor.

Key words: S patial Analysis、Land use、Maximum Likelihood