定语从句ppt.
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The Attributive Clause
定语从句： 由一个句子充当定语
从句的位置： 在名词或代词后 先 引 行 词： 导 词： 被定语从句修饰的词
引导定语从句的词 关系代词
关系副词
引导词的作用: (1)引导定语从句
(2)在从句中作一成份 (3)代替先行词在从句中的位置
关系代词 先行词 句中作用 关系副词 who 人 主语 whom 人 宾语 which 物 主语／宾语 that 人／物 主语／宾语 whose 人／物 定语 When 时间 状语 where 地点 状语 why reason 状语
The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me.
The man who sits in front of me is Tom.
The woman got the job.
The woman can speak Russian.
The woman who can speak Russian got the job.
the red the green the small the big
apple
is mine.
The apple which is red
The apple which is green is yours.
The apple which is red
is small
The apple which is green is big.
The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling.
The boy who is smiling is Tom.
(主语)
The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face.
The boy who has a round face is Tom.
Ex: He is the teacher. The teacher can speak French. He is the teacher who can speak French.
Do you know the man?
He came to visit you today. Do you know the man who came to visit you today?
The lady stepped on his foot.
He was dancing with the lady.
The lady (whom) he was dancing with stepped on his foot.
Do you know the man?
You will visit him today. Do you know the man whom you will visit today?
who,that （先行词为人）区别 1.用who不用that的情况： (1)当先行词为one,oBaidu Nhomakorabeaes,anyone,those时。 (2)当先行词为人称代词时。 He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
Those who have any difficulty with pronunciation should practise 2.只能用which 的情况:
(宾语) The woman got the job.
We saw her on the street. The woman (whom) we saw on the street got the job.
The teacher will give us a talk.
We met the teacher yesterday. The teacher (whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk.
先行词是who或who引导的主句。 Who is the girl that drove the car? Who that broke the window will be punished. (6) 主句以There be 引导时 There are 200 people that didn’t know the thing. (7) 当先行词在定语从句中作be表语時，关 系代词用that. She isn’t the girl that she was 10 years ago. •(8)当先行词是which时，关系代词用that. •Which is the book that you bought last week?
(5)
A 1.This is all____I know about the matter. A.that B.what C.who D.whether B 2Is there anything else_____you require? A.which B.that C.who D.what B 3.The last place _____we visited was the Great Wall. A.which B.that C.where D.it B 4.He talked happily about the men and books_____ interested him greatly in the school. A.which B.that C.it D.whom C 5.There is no dictionary____you can find everything. A.that B.which C.where D.in that A 6.This is one of the best books_______. A.that have ever been writtenC.that has written B.that has ever been written D.that have written
B 7.He wrote a letter to me,telling me everything__ _ __ he saw on the way to the Paris. A.what B.that C.which D.where 8.Is oxygen the only gas_____helps fire burn? A A.that B./ C.which D.it B 9.Is there anything_____to you? A.that is belonged B.that belongs C.which belongs D.that belong B 10.The scientist and his achievements______you told me about are admired by us all. A.which B.that C.who D.whose C 11.Which of the books______were borrowed from him is the best? A.which B.what C.that D.whose
12.The terrible typhoon killed the people and cattle _______ were in the fields. that 13.The wind blew down the tallest tree ____ is in that front of our school gate. 14.This is the very thing ______ I was looking that for. 15.This is the second novel _____I have ever that read. 16.There is nothing in the world _______ can that frighten me. 17.Who is the man _______ is reading under the that tree? that 18.My hometown is not the same one _______ it used to be twenty years ago.
Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat. The goat is eating her flowers. Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat which is eating her flowers.
Can you lend me the book? You talked about it last night. Can you lend me the book (which) you talked about last night.
省否
关系代 词在句中 作宾语可 以省略
the handsome the tall the strong the clever the naughty
boy
The boy is Tom. The boy who is handsome is Tom. The boy who is tall The boy who is strong The boy who is clever The boy who is naughty is Tom. is Tom is Tom is Tom.
4. that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）
A plane is a machine that can fly. He is the man (that) I told you about.
that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。
(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。 I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow. (2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等 修饰时。 I’ve read all the books that are not mine. (3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。 This is the first book (that) he has read. (4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。 This is the very book that belongs to him.
The teacher will give us a talk.
The teacher is famous. The teacher who is famous will give us a talk.
The man is kind. Everyone likes him.
The man (whom) everyone likes is kind.
1.介词前置时关系代词只能用which(先行词为物) 2. 引导非限制性定语从句修饰某物或整个句子时只能用which
(1) She failed the exam, which made her parents vary angry.
(2)My glasses,without which I was like a blind man,fell to the ground and broke.
that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）
A plane is a machine. It can fly. A plane is a machine that can fly.
He is the man. I told you about him. He is the man (that) I told you about.
定语从句： 由一个句子充当定语
从句的位置： 在名词或代词后 先 引 行 词： 导 词： 被定语从句修饰的词
引导定语从句的词 关系代词
关系副词
引导词的作用: (1)引导定语从句
(2)在从句中作一成份 (3)代替先行词在从句中的位置
关系代词 先行词 句中作用 关系副词 who 人 主语 whom 人 宾语 which 物 主语／宾语 that 人／物 主语／宾语 whose 人／物 定语 When 时间 状语 where 地点 状语 why reason 状语
The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me.
The man who sits in front of me is Tom.
The woman got the job.
The woman can speak Russian.
The woman who can speak Russian got the job.
the red the green the small the big
apple
is mine.
The apple which is red
The apple which is green is yours.
The apple which is red
is small
The apple which is green is big.
The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling.
The boy who is smiling is Tom.
(主语)
The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face.
The boy who has a round face is Tom.
Ex: He is the teacher. The teacher can speak French. He is the teacher who can speak French.
Do you know the man?
He came to visit you today. Do you know the man who came to visit you today?
The lady stepped on his foot.
He was dancing with the lady.
The lady (whom) he was dancing with stepped on his foot.
Do you know the man?
You will visit him today. Do you know the man whom you will visit today?
who,that （先行词为人）区别 1.用who不用that的情况： (1)当先行词为one,oBaidu Nhomakorabeaes,anyone,those时。 (2)当先行词为人称代词时。 He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
Those who have any difficulty with pronunciation should practise 2.只能用which 的情况:
(宾语) The woman got the job.
We saw her on the street. The woman (whom) we saw on the street got the job.
The teacher will give us a talk.
We met the teacher yesterday. The teacher (whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk.
先行词是who或who引导的主句。 Who is the girl that drove the car? Who that broke the window will be punished. (6) 主句以There be 引导时 There are 200 people that didn’t know the thing. (7) 当先行词在定语从句中作be表语時，关 系代词用that. She isn’t the girl that she was 10 years ago. •(8)当先行词是which时，关系代词用that. •Which is the book that you bought last week?
(5)
A 1.This is all____I know about the matter. A.that B.what C.who D.whether B 2Is there anything else_____you require? A.which B.that C.who D.what B 3.The last place _____we visited was the Great Wall. A.which B.that C.where D.it B 4.He talked happily about the men and books_____ interested him greatly in the school. A.which B.that C.it D.whom C 5.There is no dictionary____you can find everything. A.that B.which C.where D.in that A 6.This is one of the best books_______. A.that have ever been writtenC.that has written B.that has ever been written D.that have written
B 7.He wrote a letter to me,telling me everything__ _ __ he saw on the way to the Paris. A.what B.that C.which D.where 8.Is oxygen the only gas_____helps fire burn? A A.that B./ C.which D.it B 9.Is there anything_____to you? A.that is belonged B.that belongs C.which belongs D.that belong B 10.The scientist and his achievements______you told me about are admired by us all. A.which B.that C.who D.whose C 11.Which of the books______were borrowed from him is the best? A.which B.what C.that D.whose
12.The terrible typhoon killed the people and cattle _______ were in the fields. that 13.The wind blew down the tallest tree ____ is in that front of our school gate. 14.This is the very thing ______ I was looking that for. 15.This is the second novel _____I have ever that read. 16.There is nothing in the world _______ can that frighten me. 17.Who is the man _______ is reading under the that tree? that 18.My hometown is not the same one _______ it used to be twenty years ago.
Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat. The goat is eating her flowers. Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat which is eating her flowers.
Can you lend me the book? You talked about it last night. Can you lend me the book (which) you talked about last night.
省否
关系代 词在句中 作宾语可 以省略
the handsome the tall the strong the clever the naughty
boy
The boy is Tom. The boy who is handsome is Tom. The boy who is tall The boy who is strong The boy who is clever The boy who is naughty is Tom. is Tom is Tom is Tom.
4. that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）
A plane is a machine that can fly. He is the man (that) I told you about.
that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。
(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。 I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow. (2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等 修饰时。 I’ve read all the books that are not mine. (3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。 This is the first book (that) he has read. (4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。 This is the very book that belongs to him.
The teacher will give us a talk.
The teacher is famous. The teacher who is famous will give us a talk.
The man is kind. Everyone likes him.
The man (whom) everyone likes is kind.
1.介词前置时关系代词只能用which(先行词为物) 2. 引导非限制性定语从句修饰某物或整个句子时只能用which
(1) She failed the exam, which made her parents vary angry.
(2)My glasses,without which I was like a blind man,fell to the ground and broke.
that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）
A plane is a machine. It can fly. A plane is a machine that can fly.
He is the man. I told you about him. He is the man (that) I told you about.