形容词和副词的用法考前快速复习

形容词和副词的用法考前

快速复习

The pony was revised in January 2021

形容词和副词的用法

一、形容词

1、形容词可分为两大类：描绘形容词和限定形容词。描绘形容词是描写人或物的颜色、尺寸、形状、性质、状态等的形容词。限定形容词用于限定被修饰词的数量、距离、所有关系等。除了these和those外，形容词的单数与复数形式相同。

2、形容词的位置

修饰语一般应置于被修饰语之前，但当几个形容词修饰同一名词时，其排列顺序一般如下：

Example: that strong young Chinese swimmer

注意：形容词前有as, so, no, too, how等词时，不定冠词应置于形容词之后。 She is too kind a girl to refuse.

在下列情况下，修饰语应置于被修饰的名词后：

（1）名词之后的数量词＋名词＋old, long, wide等。

a boy six years old, a street two kilometers long

（2）为了加强语气或音调美，将描绘形容词置于名词之后。

He had a face thin and worn, but eager and resolute.

（3）something, anything,everyone, anybody…＋形容词。

There′s nothing wrong with the electric cooker.

（4）作定语用的分词或形容词短语

The judge has talked to all the people involved.

3、“数词＋名词”构成的形容词

（1）数词＋名词，如 a two-week tour, a ten-page report等。

（2）数词＋名词＋形容词，如 a seven-year-old boy等。

（3）名词（无冠词）＋基数词=the＋序数词＋名词，如

Unite 6=the Sixth Unite

（4）“数量词＋复数名词”作主语，虽然是复数形式，但仍然用单数动词，作为一个单位来表示。如果强调个别数，则须用复数动词。

Ten years is quite a long time to him.

Two months have passed since I last heard from my parents.

二、副词

1、副词的构成如下：

（1）本身就是副词，如very, now, there, quite等.

（2）有形容词后缀如-ly, 如happily, carefully等。

（3）有些副词与形容词同行，如early, high, long, fast, hard等。

注意：有些-ly结尾的词不是副词而是形容词，如manly, friendly, queenly等。

2、副词的位置

（1）修饰形容词和副词时，须放在被修饰词之前，如

The scenery around here is very beautiful.

（2）always, never, often, sometimes, ususlly等表示频率的副词在一般动词前，be 动词后，有助动词时，在助动词和动词之间。

He usually gets up early, but he got up late today.

I have never met him and I hope I will never meet him.

（3）有两个以上不同种类的副词作修饰语时，其顺序为地点（小地点＋大地点）→状态→次数→时间（单位小的时间＋单位大的时间）。

They arrived in Paris safely the other day.

(4)seldom, rarely, never等具有否定意义的频率副词置于句首时，助动词或be动词

须放在主语的前面（也叫倒装句），如

Never did I hear such a funny story=I never heard such a funny story.

3、几个特殊副词的用法

（1）enough须置于所修饰的形容词和副词之后；too须置于所修饰的形容词和副词之前.

She speaks English well enough to be an interpreter.

It,s too hot a day to work.

但enough修饰名词时须置于名词之前.

Have you got enough money for this microwave oven

（2）too…(for…)＋不定式（to），作“太…而不能”解；enough＋不定式，意思是“足够可以”，这一结构可转换成so…that结构。

The boy was still too young to go to school.

→He was so young that he could not go to school.

The man is rich enough to buy a Roll-Royce.

→He is so rich that he can buy a Roll-Royce.

(3)already用于肯定句，作“已经”解；yet用于否定句，作“还”解，用于疑问句作“已经”解，still作“仍然”解。

I have already seen film.

Have you seen the film yet

I still prefer tea to coffee.

（4）随着only和also在句中位置的改变，句意和语气也会改变。

Only Mr Li came to see me today.

Mr Li came to see only me today.