冠词用法小结

名师点津

冠词a, an, the的几种易错常考的用法小结

冠词是一种虚词,用在名词或名词词组的前面,表示名词是特指还是泛指。英语的冠词是汉语中原本没有的语言现象，也是中学生学习英语语法的难点,冠词a, an, the的辨别让许多学生头痛，也是试题中丢分较多的题型。老师给大家把冠词易错常考的内容总结如下：

一、只用定冠词的几种特殊情况:

1. 在发明物的单数名词前,既表示特指又表示类指时。如:

Bell invented the telephone in 1876.

Who invented the computer?

2. 在逢十的复数名词前,表示"世纪的某个年代"。

The story took place in the early 1940s.

但注意:in one's 40s意为"在某人四十多岁时"。如:

Xu Jinglei directed her first film in her late 20s.

3. 在比较级的两种句型中:

1) 表示"越……,就越……"时。如:

The more we want, the less happy we feel.

2) 表示"两者中比较……"时,用定冠词。如:

She is the smarter of the two girls.

5. 在身体部位的名词前。

1)在“动词+sb.+介词+the+身体部位名称”的结构中(注意:介词常用in/on/by)。如:

A young man caught up with the thief and took him by the arm .

The boxer hit his opponent in the face.

2)在表示"身体某一部位受伤"时(注意:介词用in)。如:

He was wounded in the back.

但注意:当表示"以身体某部位为支撑点"时,只可以用one's(注意:介词用on)。如:

He lay on his back, staring into the blackness of the roof.

6. 当月份、季节被限定性定语所修饰时。如:

He was admitted to Beijing University in the autumn of 2013.

7. 语言名词表特指意义或语言名称后有language时。如:

--- Do you know the English for ‘帅哥’?

--- I’m afraid I don’t，I’m not interested in the English language.”

8. 在表示"计量单位"的可数名词前(注意:介词用by)。如:

The workers are paid by the hour/day/month.

Tomatoes are sold by the pound.

但注意:by weight短语中没有定冠词。

9. 专有名词、物质名词后有修饰语时。如:

The China he saw now was not the same as he had left 50 years before.

Water is important for us, so we must make good use of the water around us.

二、只可用不定冠词的几种特殊情况:

1. 在序数词前表示"又一;再一"时。如:

He tried hard, but he failed for a third time.

2. 表示不特定的"某一个"时。如:

I knew a John Smith, but not the famous one.

Experts think that the recently discovered painting may be a Picasso.

3. 物质名词或抽象名词前通常不能用冠词，但某些物质名词可以表示“一种”概念或

抽象名词表示具体概念，则可用不定冠词，此时，名词前通常有形容词修饰。例如：He is not a success as a leader, but he has gained much experience in teaching.

Long Jing is a famous tea in China.

Bamboo can be made into a fine paper (= a kind of paper).

What he had done was really a surprise to all of us.

4. 一日三餐或乐器前有修饰语时。如:

She didn’t go out yesterday; she played a borrowed violin all day.

They were invited to a party and they had a wonderful supper.

5. 在形容词最高级前表示"非常"时。如:

Unit Nine is a most difficult unit, but it isn't the most difficult unit in Book One.

6. 当介词by与表示交通工具的名词连用时，名词前不用冠词。但是如果名词前有定语，

则可加冠词。例如：

He went to school by bus not by bike.

I saw him go to the airport in a black car.

请完成以下练习，考查对冠词用法的掌握：

1．In Japan, ________ car is ________ popular means of transportation．

A．不填; the B．the; a C．the; the D．a; 不填2．It’s ____ honor for us to fight for ____ honor of ours.

A. an; /

B. an; the

C. /; the

D. an; an

3．I woke up with bad headache, yet by evening the pain had gone.

A. the; the

B. the; an

C. a; the

D. a; an

4．Being able to afford _______ drink would be ______ comfort in those tough times.

A. the; the

B. a; a

C. a; 不填

D. 不填；a

5．We are said to be living in ____ Information Age, ____ time of new discoveries and great changes..

A. an; the

B. 不填; the

C. 不填; a

D. the; a

6．He missed _______gold in the high jump , but will get ______second chance in the long jump.

A. the ; the

B. 不填；a

C. the ;a

D. a ; 不填

7．---It’s said John will be in a job paying over 86,000 _____ year

---Right, he will also get paid by _____ week.

A. the; the

B. a; the

C. a; /

D. a; a

8．Take your time ---it’s just_____ short distance from here to_____ restaurant.

A.不填；the

B. a; the

C. the; a

D.不填；a

9．In communication, a smile is usually _____ strong sign of a friendly and _____ open attitude.

A. the; /

B. a; an

C. a; /

D. the; an

10．The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that_______ people from all walks of life are working hard for_____ new Jiangsu.

A.不填；a

B. 不填；the

C. the；a

D. the；the

Keys: BBCBD CBBCA