英语词形变化
高中英语2024高考复习词形词性变化汇总(共九组)
高考英语词形词性变化(一)1.able adj.能→ ability n.能力2.across prep.横过→cross v.横过3.act v.表演|行动→action n.行动→active adj.积极的→activity n.活动4.advantage n.优点→disadvantage 反义词5.advice n.建议→advise v.建议6.agree v→disagree 反义词agreement n.同意→disagreement 反义词7.air n.空气→airline n.航空公司→airplane n.飞机→airport n.机场8.aloud adv.大声地→loud adj.大声的9.America n.美国→American(s) n.美国人10.angry adj.生气的→angrily adv.生气地11.appear v.出现→disappear v.消失12.art n.艺术→artist(s) n.艺术家 n.亚洲→Asian n.亚洲人14.asleep adj.睡着的→sleep v.睡觉15.Australia n.澳大利亚→Australian n.澳大利亚人(二)1.bad adj.坏的→worse 比较级→worst 最高级2.base n.基础→basic adj.基本的3.beauty n.美人→beautiful adj.美丽的4.behave v.行为→behavior n.行为5.beside prep.在…旁边→besides prep.除…外(还)6.birth n.出生→born 过去式→birthday n.生日7.bored adj.无聊的→boring adj.乏味的8.breath n.呼吸→breathe v.呼吸9.bright adj.明亮的→brightly adv.明亮地10.busy adj.忙碌的→business n.生意11.buy v.买→bought 过去式→bought过去分词(三)1.care v.关心→careful adj.小心的→careless adj.粗心的2.chair n.椅子→chairman n.主席3.chemistry n.化学→chemical adj.化学的4.choose v.选择→choice n.选择5.clear adj.清楚的→clearly adv.清楚地6.close adj.近的/v.关→closed adj.关着的7.cloud n.云→cloudy adj.多云的8.color n.颜色→colorful adj.多彩的fort v.安慰→comfortable adj.舒服的municate v.交流→communication n.交流11.cook n.厨师/v.煮→cooker n.炊具12.correct adj.正确的→correctly adv.正确地13.courage n.勇气→encourage v.鼓励→discourage v.阻止(四)1.day n.天→daily adj.日常的2.danger n.危险→dangerous adj.有危险的3.die v.死→died 死(过去式)→dead adj.死了的→dying adj. 快死了的→death n.死亡4.decide v.决定→decision n.决定5.develop v.发展→developed adj.发达的→developing adj.发展中的6.different adj.不同的→difference n.不同点7.difficult adj.难的→difficulty n.困难8.direct adj.直接的/v.指导→indirect adj.间接的→director n.导演→director n.方向9.discover v.发现→cover v.覆盖→discovery n.发现10.discuss v.讨论→discussion n.讨论11.draw v.画→drawer n.抽屉12.drive v.开车→driver n.司机(五)1.east n.东方/adj.东方的→eastern adj.东方的2.easy adj.容易的→easily adv.容易地cate v.教育→education n.教育4.eight num.八→eighteen num.十八→eighth num.第八→eighty num.八十5.electric adj.电动的→electricity n.电→electronic n.电子6.Europe n.欧洲→European adj.欧洲的7.excite v.使兴奋→excited adj.兴奋的→exciting adj.令人兴奋的8.express v.表达→expression n.表达→expressive adj.富有表现力的(六)1.fall v.落→fell 过去式→fallen 过去分词2.far adj.远的→farther 比较级→farthest 最高级3.farm n.农场→farmer n.农民4.fat adj.胖的→fatter 比较级5.feel v.感觉→feeling n.感觉6.five num.五→fifth num.第五→fifty num.五十7.fill v.填满→filled adj.充满的8.first num.第一→one num.一→once 一次9.fly v.飞→flight n.飞行/航班10.foreign adj.外国的→foreigner n.外国人11.friend n.朋友→friendly adj.友好的→friendship n.友谊12.fun n.兴趣→funny adj.有趣的(七)1.half n一半→halves n (复数)2.happy adj 高兴的→happily 高兴地→happiness n 幸福/快乐3.health n 健康→healthy adj 健康的4.hear v 听见→heard v (过去式)→ heard(过去式)5.heavy adj 重的→heavily adv 重地6.high adj 高的→height n 高度7.help v 帮助→helpful adj 有帮助的8.hero n 英雄→heroes (复数)9.hide v 隐藏→hide(过去式)→hidden(过去分词)10.he pron 他→him他(宾)→his他的→himself他自己11.hold v 举行→held 过去式→held过去分词12.home n 家→homeless adj.无家可归的13.hope v.n 希望→hopeful adj 有希望的→hopeless adj. 无望的14.hunger n 饥饿→hungry adj 饥饿的(八)1.ill adj 有病的→illness n 疾病2.important adj重要的→importance n重要性3.impossible adj 不可能的→possible adj 可能的4.invent v发明→inventor n 发明家→invention n发明物5.interest n 兴趣→interesting adj 有趣的→interested adj 感兴趣的6.introduce v 介绍→introduction n 介绍7.invite v 邀请→invitation n 邀请8.kind adj 善良的 n 种类→kindness n 善良9.knife n 小刀→knives (复数)10.know v 知道→knew 过去式→known 过去分词→knowledge n 知识(九)1. lay v 放置→laid过去式→laid过去分词2.lead.v领导→leader.n.领导人3.leaf.n.叶子→leaves. 复数4.little.adj.少→less比较级→least最高级5.lie.躺→lay过去式→lain过去分词6.live.v生活→life n.生活→lively adj.活泼的7.lose.v.丢失→lost过去式→lost过去分词8.love.v.爱→lovely adj.可爱的9.luck.n.运气→lucky adj.好运的→unlucky adj.不幸的→luckily adv.幸运地→unluckily adv.不幸地。
英语各类词形变化规则(全)
高中英语各类词形变化规则基础知识积累(二)一、动词1. 动词过去式和过去分词1). 一般在动词原形后加-ed look --- looked; need--- needed2). 以-e结尾的动词加-d move --- moved3). 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加-ed carry --- carried; study--- studied;以元音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-ed stay--- stayed; destroy---destroyed4).以重读闭音节结尾的单词,双写最后的辅音字母,再加-ed.stop--- stopped; regret --- regretted知识链接:重读闭音节三要素(1)一个元音字母后跟一个或几个辅音字母,必须是重读音节; (例如prohibit这个词,重读音节在-hi,而不在-bit,就不要双写t. prohibit---prohibited)(2)以一个辅音音素结尾;(例如fix,结尾的辅音音素为两个:/ks/, 就不要双写x, fix---fixed; grow 结尾为双元音/əu/,也不要双写w.(3)元音字母发短元音。
[æ] [e] [i] [ɔ] [ʌ]5). 以-r音节(重读)结尾的词,双写r字母,再加-ed. refer ---referred; prefer --- preferred ;如果-r音节不重读,则不用双写:offer---offered6). 以-l结尾的动词,如果是重读闭音节,双写l, 再加-ed, 例如:control---controlled; 如果不重读,双写不双写l均可,例如travel---travelled/ traveled; quarrel---quarrelled / quarreled2. 动词-ing变化规则1). 一般情况下,直接在动词后加-ing work --- working; sleep --- sleeping; study--- studying2). 动词以不发音的-e结尾,要去-e加-ing take --- taking; make ---making; dance --- dancing3). 重读闭音节的动词,要双写词尾字母,再加-ing cut--- cutting;put ---- putting; begin ---- beginning4). 以-ie结尾的动词,把变成y再加-ing lie ---- lying ; tie ---- tying; die ---- dying5). 以-l结尾的动词,如果是重读闭音节,双写l, 再加-ing, 例如:control---controlling; 如果不重读,双写不双写l均可,例如travel---travelling/ traveling; quarrel---quarrelling / quarreling (注意:辅音之后y变i, 现在分词是例外。
英语词语变形
英语词语变形
英语词语变形是指在不同语境中,词语的形态和使用方式发生变化。
这种变形既可以是词形变化,也可以是词义和用法的变化。
接下来,我们将从不同的角度讨论英语词语变形的几种情况。
一、词性变化
英语中的词语可以通过派生、缩写、转化、合成等方式进行词性变化。
例如,名词可通过加后缀“-ness”变为形容词,如happiness (名词)→happy(形容词);动词可通过加后缀“-ing”变为名词,如work(动词)→working(名词)。
二、词形变化
词形变化是指词语在不同语法功能和形态上的改变。
英语中的词形变化包括复数形式、比较级和最高级、时态和语态等。
例如,cat (单数)→cats(复数);good(原级)→better(比较级)→best (最高级)。
三、词义和用法变化
词义和用法的变化是英语词语变形中最常见和复杂的部分。
词义变化指同一个词语在不同语境中的含义差异。
例如,“mouse”一词既可以指小动物,也可以指计算机设备。
用法变化指同一个词语在不同语法结构和句型中的使用方式不同。
例如,“make”一词在陈述句中表示“制造”,在疑问句中表示“做”。
四、词语变形的影响
英语词语的变形不仅仅是符号的改变,它还会对交流和理解产生重要影响。
正确理解和运用词语的变形能够提高语言表达的精确性和准确性。
同时,词语变形的学习也是英语学习中的重要一环。
综上所述,英语词语变形是词形、词义和用法在不同语境中的变化。
了解和掌握词语的变形规律对于提高英语表达能力至关重要。
希望本文能为您对英语词语变形的理解提供一些帮助。
词形变化的四种情况和举例
词形变化的四种情况和举例
词形变化是英语中一个不容忽视的重要语法内容,它主要包括增加词尾字母、双写末尾字母、去除末尾不发音的字母以及变换字母位置等四种情况。
首先,增加词尾字母一种情况,这是最常见的情况,主要发生在动词和形容词上。
比如,动词加-ed,表示现在分词和过去式,比如help----helped, love----loved; 而加-ing,表示现在分词help ----helping, love----loving; 对于形容词来说,加-er,-est表示比较级和最高级,比如 tall-taller-tallest, fat-fatter-fattest。
其次,双写末尾字母也是一种比较常见的情况,这种情况主要总现在表示动词的现在分词。
比如:run ---- running, begin----beginning。
第三,去除末尾不发音的字母也是一种比较常见的情况,这种情况主要发生在动词和名词上。
比如:run ---- ran,去除了末尾的“n”;school ----schol,去除了末尾的“l”。
最后,变换字母位置也是一种比较常见的情况,这种情况主要发生在动词和名词上。
比如:drink----drank, thumb----thumbe。
总而言之,词形变化是英语学习中不可或缺的重要语法内容,大家要仔细学习,理解各种变化规则,正确掌握词形变化,以便运用到英语学习和应用中。
英语单词词性转变的一般规律
英语单词词性转变的一般规律1.动词(v.)→名词(n.)(a)词形不变,词性改变例如:work, study, water, plant等可以用作动词(工作,学习,浇水,种植),也可以用作名词(工作,学习,水,植物).(b)一些动词在词尾加上-er或-or之后就变成了表示"某一类人"的名词例如:work—worker, teach—teacher, sing—singer,jump—jumper, play—player, learn—learner,visit—visitor, invent—inventor, collect—collector等.注意:1)以不发音的e结尾的动词,在词尾加-r.例如:drive—driver, write—writer等.2)以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-er例如:run—runner, win—winner, begin—beginner等.(c)在动词词尾加上-ment 变成名词例如:achieve—achievement (成就) advertise—advertisement例如:argue—argument(争论)(d)在动词词尾加上-(t)ion/(s)ion变成名词例如: attract—attraction; instruct—instruction; invent—inventiondiscuss—discussion; express—expressioneducate—education; graduate—graduation; operate—operation (去e再加"ion")compete—competition; organize—organization (把e改成其他字母再加"tion")decide—decision conclude—conclusion (把de改为s再加"ion")describe—description描写,描绘 (这是特例,不规则变化)(e)在动词词尾加上-ance变成名词例如: appear—appearance (外貌;出现)perform—performance (演出)accept—acceptance (接受)(f)在动词词尾加-ing变成名词 (方法与动词变为现在分词的方法相同)例如:meet—meeting build—building wait—waitingbathe—bathing say—saying(谚语) mean—meaningend —ending train —training wash—washing注意:以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ing如:swim—swimming shop—shopping begin—beginning(g)其他一些比较特殊的变化例如: Beg(乞讨)—beggar(乞丐) behave(行为举止)—behaviorknow(知道)—knowledge(知识) fly—flight (飞行)heat (加热)—heat(热量) hit (撞击)—hit( 轰动一时的人或物,碰撞)mix (混合)—mixture(混合物) press(按,压)—pressure(压力)sit(坐)—seat (座位) succeed—success(成功)tour—tour(旅游)/ tourist (游客)2.动词(v.)→形容词(adj.)(a)动词后面加able,以e结尾的动词则去e加able,表示具有此性质,特点或属性.例如: afford-affordable;love-lovable(b)动词后面加ed,以e结尾的动词则直接加d,表示被动性的属性或特点.例如: scatter-scattereduse-used(c)不规则的动词则必须记忆,记住其过去分词形式.规律不大,意义同(b).3.名词(n.)→形容词(adj.)(a)在名词后面加-y可以变成形容词(尤其是一些与天气有关的名词)例如: rain—rainy, cloud—cloudy, wind—windy, snow—snowy,health—healthy, luck—lucky, anger—angry guilt—guilty(内疚的)tourist—touristy(游客多的) , salt (盐)—salty (咸的)silk(丝绸)—silky(丝绸般的), sleep—sleepy (昏昏欲睡的)注意:1)如果以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母,这时应双写辅音字母再加"-y".如: sun—sunny, fun—funny, fog—foggy(有雾的), fur—furry(毛皮的)2)少数以不发音的e结尾的名词变为形容词时,应去掉e再加"-y".如: noise—noisy, ice—icy, shine—shiny(发亮的), taste(口味)—tasty(甜的)(b)名词后面加-ed,以e结尾的直接加d.例如: spot(斑点)—spotted(有斑点的); talent—talented (有天赋的)organize—organized 有组织的; balance—balanced(平衡的)(c)一些抽象名词在词尾加-ful可以变为形容词例如:care—careful, thank—thankful, help—helpful,use—useful, meaning—meaningful(d)在名词后加-less构成含有否定意义的形容词例如:care—careless(粗心的), use—useless(无用的)hope—hopeless(没希望的),home—homeless(无家可归的)(e)一些以-ce结尾的名词,把-ce改为-t变成形容词例如: difference—different, silence—silent, confidence—confident(f).在名词后加-ly变为形容词例如: friend—friendly, love—lovely, live---lively(g).在名词后加-ous变为形容词例如: danger—dangerous(h)名词后面加-al变为形容词例如: music—musical; medicine—medical (这个比较特殊)(i)名词后面加-able变为形容词,如果以e结尾就去e再加"-able".例如: adjust—adjustable 可调整的value—valuable有价值的(j)名词后面加-en变成形容词例如: wood—wooden 木制的wool—woolen 羊毛的(k)一些表示国家的名词可以在词尾加-ese, -ish或-n构成表示国籍,语言的形容词例如:China—Chinese, Japan—Japanese, England—English,America—American, India—Indian, Australia —Australian(注意Canada—Canadian)4..形容词(adj.)→副词(adv.)▲一般在形容词的词尾加-ly可以变成副词例如: quick—quickly, slow—slowly, loud—loudly, sudden—suddenly 等但是,以下几点值得注意:(a) 一些以"辅音字母+y"结尾的形容词,要把y改为i再加-ly例如: happy—happily, angry—angrily, lucky—luckily, heavy—heavily, noisy—noisily(b) 有些以-ble或-le结尾的形容词,去掉e加-y例如:possible—possibly, terrible—terribly(c)少数以e结尾的形容词,要去掉e再加-ly例如: true—truly但绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍然直接加-ly 例如: polite—politely, wide—widely(d)以-l结尾的形容词变为副词时要在词尾加-ly,以--ll结尾的才在词尾只加-y.例如: usual—usually, careful—carefully, useful—usefullyfull—fully (以-ll结尾的才只加y)英语词汇后缀系列(一)——形容词后缀able以“-able”结尾的形容词一般有两种情况:(1)v.+able→adj. 以这种方式构成的形容词其意义为“能……的”、“可以(被)……的”、“适合于……的”、“值得……的”等,即有被动含义。
英语词形变化总结(带音标)
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副词的比较级/最高级 (所有单音节词及少数双音节词)
+er/est 读/
work-working eat-eating shout-shouting beat-beating sing-singing say-saying stay-staying 去 e+ing 不重复加 e 是为了保持 读音不变 come-coming
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规则 以辅音字 母+y 结 尾 例词
y→i+es 读,而含 y 的字母组 合则直接加 s, 读 baby-babies; body-bodies; hobby-hobbies day-days boy-boys
貌似原生的以 y 结尾的副词 y→i+er/est y→i+es, ies 整体读 y→i+ed, 原来的读音后加 y→i+er/est busy-busier /busiest; early-earlier /earliest dirty-dirtier /dirtiest happy-happier happiest 通过形容词+ly 构成的副副词: more/most+ 原形 study-studiedห้องสมุดไป่ตู้; try-tried; carry-carried supply-supplied ie→y+ing 根据发音需要,因为 -ieing 不符合发音规律 die-dying +d, 原来的读音后加不重复加 e 是 为了保持读音不变 die-died lie-lied tie-tied early- earlier /earliest easy-easier /easiest quickly-more quickly/most quickly
高中英语词形变换汇总
高中英语词形变换汇总(1)直接加-s.如:book→books, pen→pens, ruler→rulers, watch →watches, phone→phones.(2)以 s, x, ch, sh结尾的加-es.如:bus→buses, box→boxes,brush→brushes, watch→watches.(3)以辅音字母加 y结尾的改 y为 i再加-es.如:family→families,baby→babies.(4)以元音字母加 y结尾的直接加-s.如:boy→boys, toy→toys.(1)有些名词的复数形式是不规则的,必须熟记。
如:child→children,foot→feet, tooth→teeth, goose→geese, mouse→mice, man →men, woman→women等。
(2)单复数同形的名词。
如:fish(鱼),deer(鹿),sheep(绵羊),works(工厂),means(方法)等。
在动词后面加-s。
如:play→plays, like→likes, do→does, teach →teaches.在动词词尾加-ed。
如:clean→cleaned, visit→visited, work→worked, look→looked.有些动词的第三人称单数形式是规则的,如go→goes, do→does,see→sees等;有的不规则,如have→has。
不管这些形式是否规则,动词的第三人称单数形式在句子中都要当谓语动词用。
's所有格:一般情况在词尾加's。
如:Tom's book汤姆的书。
以s 结尾的复数名词直接在词尾加's。
如:Teachers' Day教师节。
以s 结尾的人名加's。
如:James' book詹姆斯的书。
并列名词的所有格在最后一个名词的词尾加's。
中考英语词形变化汇总
中考词形变化汇总一、名词—形容词health—healthyluck—luckysalt—saltysleep—sleepycloud—cloudyrain—rainysnow—snowywind—windyfog—foggysun—sunnyfun—funnynoise—noisyshine—shinytaste—tastyfriend—friendlylove—lovelyweek—weeklygold—goldenwood—woodenwool—woolenwest—westerneast—easternnorth—northernsouth—southerneducation—educationaltradition—traditionalmusic—musicalperson—personalculture—culturalnature—natural practice—practical medicine—medical physics—physical danger—dangerous humor—humorous beauty—beautiful cheer—cheerful delight—delightful peace—peaceful power—powerful success—successful wonder—wonderful end—endless home—homeless noise—noiseless care—careful—careless cheer—cheerful—cheerless color—colorful—colorless harm—harmful—harmless help—helpful—helpless hope—hopeful—hopeless meaning—meaningful—meaningless use—useful—useless fashion—fashionable value—valuable energy—energetic fool—foolish America—American Britain—British England—English China—Chinese Japan—JapaneseFrance—French二、动词—形容词amaze—amazed—amazingbore—bored—boringdisturb—disturbed—disturbingexcite—excited—excitingfrighten—frightened—frighteninginterest—interested—interestingrelax—relaxed—relaxingsurprise—surprised—surprisingsatisfy—satisfied—satisfyingtire—tired—tiringworry—worried—worryingscare—scaredstress—stressed—stressfulorganize—organizeddie—deadlive—alive —livingsleep—asleep—sleeplesswake—awakeact—activecreate—creativecome—comingfollow—followingsmile—smiling三、形容词—副词polite—politelysure—surelysafe—safelywide—widelytrue—truly comfortable—comfortably gentle—gently simple—simply terrible—terribly possible—possibly probable—probably angry—angrily busy—busily easy—easily happy—happily heavy—heavily healthy—healthily lucky—luckily noisy—noisily unlucky—unluckily bright—brightly calm—calmly clear—clearly correct—correctly deep—deeply different—differently excited—excitedly final—finally free—freely loud—loudly neat—neatly pleasant—pleasantly quiet—quietly quick—quickly real—really recent—recently regular—regularly sad—sadly slow—slowlysoft—softlysudden—suddenlyusual—usuallybeautiful—beautifullycareful—carefullycareless—carelesslypeaceful—peacefullysuccessful—successfullywonderful—wonderfully四、动词—名词call—callerclimb—climberdance—dancerdesign—designerdrive—driverhunt—hunterlead—leaderown—ownerorganize—organizerperform—performerplay—playerprint—printerproduce—producerread—readerreport—reporterrecord—recordersing—singerspeak—speakertravel—traveller/travelerwait—waiter—waitresswork—workerwrite—writer swim—swimmer shop—shopperrun—runnerrob—robberrub—rubberwin—winner act—actor—actress collect—collector—collection visit—visitor invent—inventor—invention direct—director—direction educate—educator—education operate—operator—operation protect—protection suggest—suggestion celebrate—celebration communicate—communication congratulate—congratulation donate—donation pollute—pollution invite—invitation organize—organization introduce—introduction achieve—achievement advertise—advertisement arrange—arrangement excite—excitement improve—improvement agree—agreement develop—development achieve—achievement move—movement punish—punishment treat—treatmentbreathe—breathdie —death grow—growth arrive—arrival choose—choice decide—decision enter—entrance marry—marriage perform—performance rob—robbery serve—service think—thought weigh—weight hike—hiking begin—beginning jog—jogging swim—swimming skate—skating shake—shaking write—writing ski—skiing walk—walking end—ending build—building cook—cooking cross—crossing turn—turning hear—hearing meet—meeting draw—drawing paint—painting train—training warn—warning spell—spellingread—reading五、名词—名词(表示人)art—artisttour—touristscience—scientistpiano—pianistviolin—violist/violinistmusic—musician六、形容词—名词kind—kindnessill—illnesssick—sicknessrich—richnesssad—sadnesscareful—carefulnesscareless—carelessnessugly—uglinesshappy—happinessunhappy—unhappinessdifferent—differencepatient—patienceconfident—confidencedifficult—difficultysafe—safetyable—abilitywise—wisdomhigh—heightdeep—depthwide—widthlong—lengthstrong—strengthwarm—warmthtrue—truthyoung—youth七、加前缀un-,im-,in-,ir-,dis-变反义词able—unablecomfortable—uncomfortablecommon—uncommonfriendly—unfriendlyfair—unfairgrateful—ungratefulhappy—unhappyhealthy—unhealthyhelpful—unhelpfulimportant—unimportantkind—unkindlike—unlikelucky—unluckyluckily—unluckilynecessary—unnecessarypleasant—unpleasantpopular—unpopularusual—unusualwelcome—unwelcomepatient—impatientpossible—impossiblepolite—impolitecorrect—incorrectregular—irregularappear—disappearcover—discoverhonest—dishonestlike—dislike八、需双写最后一个字母变现在分词的动词begin—beginningchat—chattingclap—clappingcut—cuttingdrop—droppingplan—planningrun—runningsit—sittingshop—shoppingstop—stoppingswim—swimmingwin—winning九、双写最后一个字母再加-er/-est变比较级/最高级的形容词和副词wet—wetter—wettestmad—madder—maddestsad—sadder—saddesthot—hotter—hottestslim—slimmer—slimmestthin—thinner—thinnestfat—fatter—fattestbig—bigger—biggest十、不规则形容词/副词的比较级、最高级good—better—bestlittle—less—leastfar—farther/further—farthest/furthestbad/badly/ill—worse—worstmany/much—more—most十一、复数变化不规则的名词foot—feettooth—teethmouse—micechild—childrenman—menwoman—womenfireman—firemenpoliceman—policemenpostman—postmensalesman—salesmensheep—sheepfish—fish/fishesChinese—ChineseJapanese—Japanese十二、不规则动词(一)AAA型(原形→原形→原形) 原形过去式过去分词中文cut cut cut 切,割cost cost cost 花费hit hit hit 撞,击hurt hurt hurt 伤害let let let 让put put put 放read read read 读set set set 安排原形过去式过去分词中文becomebecamebecome 成为come came come 来run ran run 跑1.原形→ew→own原形过去式过去分词中文blow blew blown 吹fly flew flown 飞grow grew grown 生长know knew known 知道原形过去式过去分词中文begin began begun 开始drink drank drunk 喝ring rang rung 打电话sing sang sung 唱swim swam swum 游泳原形过去式过去分词中文choose chose chosen 选择freeze froze frozen 冻speak spoke spoken 说原形过去式过去分词中文eat ate eaten 吃fall fell fallen 吃下1.原形→ought→ought。
2024深圳初中英语同步词形变化归纳
2024深圳初中英语同步词形变化归纳七年级1.free adj .自由的- freedom n .自由2. sell v .售卖﹣sale n .出售/销量3.relax v .放松﹣relaxing adj .令人放松的﹣relaxed adj .感到放松的4.bore v .使无聊﹣boring adj .令人无聊的﹣bored adj .感到无聊的5.arrive v .到达﹣arrival n .到达6.center n .中心﹣central adj .中心的7. dress v .穿﹣dressed adj .穿着衣服的8.cross v .穿过﹣across prep .穿过﹣crossing n .十字路口9.village n .村庄﹣villager n .村民10. dirty adj .脏的﹣dirt n .灰尘,泥土11. noise n .噪音﹣noisy adj .吵闹的12. terrible adj .可怕的﹣terriblyadv .可怕地,极度地13.honest adj .诚实的﹣dishonest adj .不诚实的﹣honesty n .诚实14. sit v .坐﹣seat n .作为﹣seated adj .就座的,固定的,根深蒂固的15. high adj .高的﹣height n .高度﹣highly adv .高度地16. little adj .少的﹣less adj .更少﹣least adj .最少17.art n .艺术﹣artist n .艺术家,画家18.describe v .描述﹣description n .描述19.different adj .不同的﹣differencen .不同﹣differently adv .不同地20. end n ./ v .结束﹣ending n .结束,结尾21. popular adj .受欢迎的﹣popularity n .流行,受欢迎度22. paint v .涂画﹣painter n .画家﹣painting n .画23.cheap adj .便宜的﹣cheaply adv .便宜地24. hope v ./ n .希望﹣hopeful adj .有希望的﹣hopefully adv .有希望地- hopeless adj .没有希望的25. long adj .长的﹣length n .长度26. record v .记录﹣recorder n .录音机,录像机初二上册27.enjoy v .享受﹣enjoyable adj .愉快的28.hard adj .坚硬的adv .努力地﹣hardly adv .几乎不29. quiet adj .安静的﹣quietly adv .安静地30. crowd n .人群﹣crowded adj .拥挤的﹣uncrowded adj .不拥挤的31.clear adj .清楚的,干净的﹣clearly adv .清楚地32. say v .说﹣saying n .谚语33. talent n .天赋﹣talented adj .有天赋的34. one num .一个﹣once adv .一次35.two num .两个﹣twice adv .两次36. magic adj .有魔力的n .魔术﹣magical adj .有魔力的,不可思议的37. close adj .近的﹣closely adv .接近地38.hungry adj .饿的﹣hunger n .饥饿39. angry adj .生气的﹣anger n .愤怒40. farm n .农场﹣farmer n .农民41. decide v .决定﹣decision n .决定42. win v .赢﹣winner n .冠军43. trade v .交易﹣trader n .商人44. choose v .选择﹣choice n .选择45.like v .喜欢﹣dislike v .不喜欢46. serious adj .严肃的﹣seriously adv .严肃地47. report v ./ n .报道﹣reportern .记者:报道者48.sing v .唱歌﹣singer n .歌手49. true adj .真的﹣truly adv .真地﹣truth n .真相50. wonder v .想知道n .惊奇- wonderful adj .极好的,精彩的﹣wonderfully adv .极好地51.health n .健康﹣healthy adj .健康的﹣healthily adv .健康地﹣unhealthy adj .不健康的52. comfort v .安慰﹣comfortable adj .舒适的﹣comfortablyadv .舒适地﹣uncomfortable adj .不舒适的53. bright adj .明亮的﹣brightly adv .明亮地54. create v .创造﹣creation n .创造﹣creative adj .有创造力的﹣creator n .创造者﹣creativity n .创造力55. beautiful adj .美丽的﹣beauty n .美,美人﹣beautifully adv .美丽地56. die v .死﹣dead adj .死了的﹣dying adj .垂死的﹣death n .死亡57. compete v .竞争﹣competition n .竞争﹣competitor n .竞争者58. excite v .使激动﹣exciting adj .令人激动的﹣excited adj .感到激动的﹣excitement n .激动59. surprise v ./ n .惊讶,惊喜﹣surprising adj .令人惊讶的﹣surprised adj .感到惊讶的- surprisingly adv .惊讶地60.act v .行动,表演﹣actor n .男演员﹣actress n .女演员﹣active adj .活跃的﹣action n .动作61. perform v .表现﹣performer n .表演者﹣performance n .表现,表演62. male n ./ adj .男性的﹣female n ./ adj .女性的63. culture n .文化﹣cultural adj .文化的64. fame n .名声﹣- famous adj .著名的65. discuss v .讨论﹣discussion n .讨论66. appear v .出现﹣appearance n .出现,外表﹣- disappear v .消失67. improve v .提高﹣improvement n .提高68. celebrate v .庆祝﹣celebration n .庆祝69. final adj .最后的﹣finally adv .最后70. tradition n .传统﹣traditional adj .传统的﹣traditionally adv .传统上71. travel v .旅行- traveler n .旅行者72. cook v .烹饪n .厨师﹣cooker n .餐具73. violin n .小提琴﹣violinist n .小提琴家74.piano n .钢琴﹣pianist n .钢琴家75.peace n .和平,平静﹣peaceful adj .和平的,平静的﹣peacefully adv .和平地,平静地76. begin v .开始﹣beginning n .开始﹣beginner n .新手77. week n .周,星期﹣weekly adv ./ adj .每周78. advice n .建议﹣advise v .建议79. certain adj .无疑,确定﹣certainly adv .无疑地,确定地80. solve v .解决﹣solution n .解决方案81. invite v .邀请﹣invitation n .邀请82. open v .打开adj .开着的﹣opening n .开始83.city n .城市﹣citizen n .市民84.build v .建造﹣building n .建筑物﹣builder n .建造者﹣rebuild v .重建85. sad adj .伤心的﹣sadly adv .伤心地﹣sadness n .伤心86. print v .打印﹣printer n .打印机,印刷工87. refuse v .拒绝﹣refusal n .拒绝88. understand v .明白,理解﹣understanding n .理解adj .谅解的,理解的89.normal adj .正常的,标准的﹣normally adv .正常地,通常90. foreign adj .外国的﹣foreigner n .外国人91. medicine n .药物﹣medical adj .药物的92. environment n .环境﹣environmentaladj .环境的﹣environmentally adv .有关环境方面93. educate v .教育- education n .教育- educational adj .有教育意义的﹣educated adj .受过教育的- educator n .教育工作者,教师,教育家94. science n .科学﹣scientist n .科学家﹣scientific adj .有关科学的95.physics n .物理﹣physical adj .物理的,身体的﹣physically adv .身体上96. serve v .服务﹣service n .服务﹣servant n .公务员,仆人97. prepare v .准备﹣preparation n .准备﹣prepared adj .准备好的98. organize v .组织﹣organizer n .组织者﹣organization n .组织,机构99. carev .关心﹣careful adj .细心的﹣carefully adv .细心地﹣careless adj .粗心的﹣carelessly adv .粗心地100.mean v .意味着﹣meaningn .意思,意义﹣meaningful adj .有意义的﹣meaningless adj .无意义的101. success n .成功﹣successful adj .成功的﹣successfully adv .成功地- succeed v .成功102.luck n .幸运,运气﹣lucky adj .幸运的﹣luckily adv .幸运地﹣unlucky adj .不幸的﹣unluckily adv .不幸的是103. able adj .能够的﹣unable adj .不能够﹣ability n .能力﹣disabled adj .残疾的104. person n .人- personal adj .个人的,亲自的﹣personally adv .亲自地﹣personality n .人个,个性105. pollute v .污染﹣pollution n .污染- polluted adj .被污染了的106. predict v .预知﹣prediction n .预言﹣predictable adj .可预见的﹣predictor n .预言者107. agree v .同意﹣disagree v .不同意﹣agreement n .协定108. possible adj .可能的﹣impossible adj .不可能的初二下册109. stomach n .胃﹣stomachache n .胃痛110. important adj .重要的﹣importance n .重要性﹣importantly adv .重要的是111. own v .拥有﹣owner n .主人112. satisfy v .使满意﹣satisfied adj .感到满意的﹣satisfying adj .令人满意的﹣satisfaction n .满意113. break v .打破﹣broken adj .破碎的114. imagine v .想象﹣imagination n .想象力115.difficult adj .困难的﹣difficulty n .困难116.train v .训练﹣training n .训练﹣trainer n .教练117.excite v .使激动﹣exciting adj .令人激动的﹣excited adj .感到激动的﹣excitement n .激动118. kind adj .善良的﹣kindness n .善良﹣kindly adv .亲切地119. understand v .明白,理解﹣understanding n .理解adj .理解的,体谅的120. mess n .混乱- messy adj .混乱的121.stress n .压力﹣stressed adj .焦虑不安的,有压力的122.depend v .依靠,依赖﹣dependent adj .依靠的﹣independent adj .独立的﹣independence n .独立123. develop v .发展﹣developing adj .发展中的﹣developed adj .发达的﹣development n .发展124. fair adj .公平的﹣fairness n .公平﹣fairly adv .公平地﹣unfair adj .不公平的125.relate v .把……联系起来﹣relation n .关系﹣related adj .有关的municate v .沟通﹣communication n .沟通127. argue v .争论﹣argument n .争论128.nerve n .神经﹣nervous adj .紧张的129. proper adj .合适的﹣properly adv .合适地130. explain v .解释﹣explanation n .解释131. clear adj .清楚的﹣clearly adv .清楚地132. press v .按,压﹣pressure n .压力133. type n .典型,类型﹣typical adj .典型的134. strange adj .陌生的,奇怪地﹣stranger n .陌生人﹣strangely adv .奇怪地135. storm n .暴风雨- stormy adj .暴风雨的136. wood n .木头﹣wooden adj .木制的137. shock v .使震惊﹣shocking adj .令人震惊的﹣shocked adj .感到震惊的138.recent adj .最近的﹣recently adv .最近139. magic n .魔术adj .有魔力的﹣magician n .魔术师﹣magical adj .有魔力的140.stick v .粘贴n .棍子﹣sticky adj .粘的﹣sticker n .贴纸141.marry v .结婚- marriage n .婚姻- married adj .已婚的142. lead v .引导,领导﹣leader n .领导者143. brave adj .勇敢的﹣bravely adv .勇敢地﹣braveness n .勇敢144. deep adj .深的﹣depth n .深度﹣deeply adv .深地145. amaze v .使吃惊﹣amazing adj .令人吃惊的﹣amazed adj .感到吃惊的146. protect v .保护﹣protection n .保护147. base n .基础﹣based adj .以.....为基础的148.classic adj .经典的﹣classical adj .古典的149. actual adj .实际的,真实的﹣actually adv .实际上150. laugh v .大笑﹣laugher n .笑声151.introduce v .介绍﹣introduction n .介绍152. amusement n .娱乐﹣amuse v .娱乐,消遣﹣amusing adj .令人愉悦的﹣amused adj .感到愉悦的153. invent v .发明﹣inventor n .发明者﹣invention n .发明154. believe v .相信﹣belief n .信赖﹣unbelievable adj .难以置信的﹣unbelievably adv .难以置信地155. social adj .社会的﹣society n .社会156. peace n .平静,和平﹣peaceful adj .平静的,和平的﹣peacefully adv .平静地,和平地157. perfect adj .完美的﹣perfection n .完美,完善﹣perfectly adv .完美地158.collectv.收集﹣collection n .收集,收藏品﹣collector n .收集者159. simple adj .简单的﹣simply adv .简单地160. make v .制作﹣maker 制作者161. review v .回顾,复习﹣revision n .复习162.true adj .真实的﹣truly adv .真实地﹣truth n .真相﹣truthful adj .真实的,诚实的﹣truthfully adv .诚实地163.add v .增加﹣additionn .增加,增加物﹣additional adj .增加的,额外的164. age n .年龄﹣aged adj .年老的﹣teenage adj .十几岁的,青少年的﹣teenager n .青少年165. accept v .接受﹣acceptable adj .可以接受的166.accurateadj.精准的﹣accuratelyadv .精准地167.advertise v .宣传,给.....…做广告﹣advertisement n .广告168. fool n .愚人v .愚弄﹣foolish adj .愚蠢的169. frighten v .使惊恐﹣frightening adj .令人惊恐的﹣rightened adj .感到惊恐的170. pronounce v .发音﹣pronunciation n .发音171.express v .表达﹣expression n .表达172. discover v .发现﹣discovery n .发现173. patient adj .耐心的﹣patiently adv .耐心地﹣patience n .耐心﹣impatient adj .没耐心的174.memorize v .记忆﹣memory n .记忆175.physics n .物理﹣physical adj .物理的,身体的﹣physically adv .身体上176. able adj .能够的﹣unable adj .不能够﹣ability n .能力﹣disabled adj .残疾的177. create v .创造﹣creationn .创造﹣creative adj .有创造力的﹣creator n .创造者﹣creativity n .创造力178.connect v .连接﹣connection n .连接179.wise adj .聪明的,明智的﹣wisdom n .明智,智慧﹣wisely adv .明智地180. knowledge n .知识﹣knowledgeable adj .博学的,有见识的181. fascinate v .使着迷﹣fascinating adj .令人着迷的﹣fascinated adj .着迷的182. strange adj .陌生的,奇怪地﹣stranger n .陌生人- strangely adv .奇怪地183. tradition n .传统﹣traditional adj .传统的﹣traditionally adv .传统上184.treat v .对待,治疗﹣treatmentn .对待,治疗185.busy adj .忙碌的﹣business n .商业186. punish v .惩罚﹣punishment n .惩罚187. warn v .警告﹣warning n .警告,警报188.warm adj .温暖的﹣warmth n .温暖189. steal v .偷﹣stealer n .偷窃者190.beside prep .在......旁边﹣besides adv .而且,还有191. suggest v .建议﹣suggestion n .建议你192. normal adj .普通的,正常的﹣abnormal adj .不正常的﹣normally adv .通常193. center n .中心﹣central adj .中心的194.near adj .近的﹣nearby adv .在附近﹣nearly adv .几乎,差不多195. east n .东方adj .东方的﹣eastern adj .东方的196. expensive adj .昂贵的﹣inexpensive adj .不贵的197. crowd n .人群﹣crowded adj .拥挤的﹣uncrowded adj .不拥挤的198.convenient adj .便利的﹣convenience n .便利﹣inconvenient adj .不方便的199. direct v .指导﹣director n .导演﹣direction n .方向200.directadj.直接的﹣directlyadv .直接地﹣indirect adj .间接的201.requirev.需要﹣requirement n .需要202. polite adj .有礼貌的﹣politeness n .礼貌﹣politely adv .礼貌地203. Italy n .意大利﹣Italian n .意大利人adj .意大利的204. speak v .说,讲﹣speech n .演讲﹣speaker n .演讲者,发言人﹣spoken adj .口语的205. secret adj .秘密的﹣secretly adv .秘密地206.success n .成功﹣successful adj .成功的﹣successfully adv .成功地﹣succeed v .成功207. begin v .开始﹣beginning n .开始﹣beginner n .新手208. announce v .宣布﹣announcement n .宣布,通知﹣announcer n .宣告这,播报员209. breath n .呼吸﹣breathe v .呼吸210. humor n .幽默﹣humorous adj .幽默的211. silent adj .沉默的﹣silence 沉默,寂静﹣silently adv .沉默地,寂静地212. help v ./ n .帮助﹣helpful adj .有帮助的﹣helpless adj .没有帮助的213.interview v .采访,面试﹣interviewer n .采访者,面试官﹣interviewee n .求职者214. Asia n .亚洲- Asian n .亚洲人adj .亚洲的215. shy adj .害羞的﹣shyness n .害羞216. private adj .私人的﹣privacy n .隐私﹣privately adv .私下地217. Europe n .欧洲﹣European n .欧洲人adj .欧洲的218. Africa n .非洲﹣African n .非洲人adj .非洲的219. public adj .公众的﹣publicly adv .公众地220. absent adj .缺席的,缺少的﹣absently adv .心不在焉地221. fail v .失败﹣failure n .失败. exact adj .准确的﹣exactly adv .准确地223.pride n .骄傲,自豪﹣proud adj .骄傲的,自豪的224. general adj .一般的,普通的﹣generally adv .一般地225.introduction n .介绍﹣introduce v .介绍226.environment n .环境﹣environmental adj .环境的﹣environmentally adv .有关环境方面227. produce v .生产﹣production n .生产,产量﹣product n .产品228.wide adj .宽的﹣width n .宽度﹣widely adv .广泛地229. France n .法国- French n .法国人,法语adj .法国的pete v .竞争﹣competition n .竞争﹣competitor n .竞争者231. live v .生存adj .实况转播的﹣lively adj .活泼的232. history n .历史﹣historic adj .有历史意义的﹣historical adj .有关历史的,历史学的233. heat n .热,高温﹣heated adj .热的,激情的plete adj .完全的﹣completelyadv .完全地235.electricityn.电﹣electric adj .电动的﹣electricaladj .与电有关的,电学的﹣electronic adj .电子的236. please v .请﹣pleasuren .快乐,高兴的事﹣pleasant adj .令人愉快的,舒适的﹣pleased adj .感到愉快的﹣pleasing adj .令人愉快的237. accident n .事故﹣accidental adj .意外的,偶然的﹣accidentally adv .意外地,偶然地238. rule v .统治n .规则- ruler n .统治者,尺子239. remain v .保持n .剩余物﹣remaining adj .剩下的240.nation n .国家,民族﹣national adj .国家的,民族的241. trade v .交易- trader n .商人242. popular adj .受欢迎的﹣popularity n .流行,受欢迎度243. doubt n ./ v .怀疑﹣undoubtedly adv .毫无疑问的是244. translate v .翻译﹣translation n .翻译﹣translator n .翻译员,翻译家245.music n .音乐﹣musicaladj .音乐的﹣musician n .音乐家246. salt n .盐﹣salty adj .咸的247.custom n .风俗,习惯,海关﹣customer n .顾客248.tell v .说,告诉﹣retellv .复述249, profession n .专业,职业﹣professional adj .专业的,职业的﹣professionally adv .专业地250.rob v .抢劫﹣robbery n .抢劫251. safe adj .安全的﹣safely adv .安全地﹣safety n .安全252.engine n .引擎,发动机﹣engineer n .工程师253. regret v .遗憾﹣regretful adj .遗憾的,后悔的254.poem n .诗歌﹣poet n .诗人﹣poetry n .诗歌集255. educate v .教育﹣education n .教育﹣educational adj .有教育意义的﹣educated adj .受过教育的- educator n .教育工作者,教师,教育家256.managev.管理,设法﹣managern .经理,管理人员﹣management n .管理257. society n .社会﹣social adj .社会的258. enter v .进入﹣entrance n .入口259.attend v .参加﹣attendancen .出席,参加260.valuable adj .有价值的﹣value v .估价n .价值261. happen v .发生﹣happening n .发生262.noise n .吵闹声﹣noisy adj .吵闹的263.easyadj.容易的,舒适的﹣uneasy adj .不舒服的264. outdoor adj .户外的﹣outdoors adv .在户外265. indoor adj .室内的﹣indoors adv .在室内266. sleep v ./ n .睡觉﹣sleepy adj .困倦的﹣asleep adj .睡着的267. express v .表达﹣expression n .表达268.lead v .领导,引导﹣leader n .领导者269. energy n .精力﹣energetic adj .精力充沛的270. bury v .埋藏﹣burial n .埋藏adj .埋藏的271. intelligent adj .聪明的﹣intelligence n .智慧,智力272. sad adj .伤心的﹣sadness n .伤心,悲伤﹣sadly adv .伤心地273. pain n .疼痛﹣painful adj .痛苦的﹣painfully adv .令人痛苦地,非常274.reflect v .反映,反射,深思﹣reflection n .映像,深思275.perform v .表演,表现﹣performance n .表演,表现﹣performer n .表演者276.move v .移动,使感动﹣moving adj .令人感动的﹣moved adj .感到感动的277. total adj .全部的,总的﹣totally adv .完全地278.greet v .欢迎,问候﹣greeting n .问候279. north n .北方﹣northern adj .北方的280. east n .东方﹣eastern adj .东方的281.behave v .表现﹣behavior n .行为,举止282.gradual adj .逐渐的﹣graduallyadv .逐渐地283. suggest v .建议﹣suggestion n .建议te 来,不久前﹣latest adj .最新的,近来的285.power n .力量﹣powerful adj .强有力的,强大的286.famous adj .著名的﹣fame n .名声287. wealth n .财富﹣wealthy adj .富有的288. comfortable adj .舒适的﹣comfort v .安慰﹣comfortably adv .舒适地﹣uncomfortable adj .不舒适的289.courage n .勇气﹣encourage v .鼓励﹣encouragement n .鼓励- discourage v .使气馁290. agree v .同意﹣disagree v .不同意﹣agreement n .协定291. disappoint v .使失望﹣disappointingadj .令人失望的﹣disappointed adj .感到失望的disappointment n .失望292. expect v .期望- expectation n .期望﹣unexpected adj .意外的﹣unexpectedly adv .意外地293. beliefn .相信,信仰﹣believe v .相信﹣disbelief n .不相信294. embarrass v .使尴尬﹣embarrassing adj .令人尴尬的﹣embarrassed adj .感到尴尬的295.announce v .宣布,通知﹣announcement n .宣布,通知296. discover v .发现﹣discovery n .发现297. office n .办公室﹣official adj .官方的﹣officer n .官员298.appearv.出现﹣appearancen .出现,外表﹣- disappear v .消失299. advantage n .优点﹣disadvantage n .缺点300. wood n .木头﹣wooden adj .木质的301.cruel adj .残酷的﹣cruelty n .残酷302. harm n ./ v .伤害﹣harmful adj .有害的﹣harmless adj .无害的303. science n .科学﹣scientist n .科学家﹣scientific adj .有关科学的e v . n .使用﹣usage n .用处﹣reuse v .重复利用﹣reusable adj .可重复利用的305.transportationn.运输﹣transportv .运输306.inspiration n .灵感﹣inspire v .鼓舞◇激发﹣inspiring adj .鼓舞人的﹣inspired adj .受到鼓舞的,有灵感的307.graduate v .从......毕业n .毕业生﹣graduation n .毕业308. care v .关心,照顾﹣caring adj .有同情心的309.congratulate v .祝贺,道喜﹣congratulation n .祝贺﹣congratulatory adj .祝贺的310.thirst n .口,渴望﹣thirstyadj ,口渴的,渴望的311.thankv./ n .感谢﹣thankful adj .感激的312. responsible adj .需承担责任的﹣responsibility n .责任313.sepaatea.的v .使分开﹣separately adv .分别地,分离地二.中考词形变化归纳动词变名词1.v+ ment 结尾achieve --- achievement 成就advertise --- advertisement 广告agree --- agreement 同意apartment 公寓amusement 娱乐argue --- argument 争吵2. v + tion 结尾admit --- admission 承认develop --- development 发展disagree --- disagreement 不赞同department 局,部experiment 实验,试验govern 统治--- government 政府manage --- management 经营管理attract --- attraction 吸引conclude --- conclusion 结论compete --- competition 竞争,比赛discuss --- discussion 讨论educate --- education 教育decide --- decision 决定describe --- description 描写,描绘express ---- expression 词语:表达graduate --- graduation 毕业operate --- operation 操作,动手术organize --- organizationimagine --- imagination 想象力introduce --- introduction 介绍instruct --- instruction 指导,介绍3. V + ance 结尾allow --- allowance 允许appear --- appearance 外貌,出现4.V+ ing 结尾end 结束--- ending 结尾,结局train 训练﹣-- trainingmean ---- meaning 意义5.V+其他beg (乞讨)--- beggar 乞丐sit --- seat 座位employ --- employer 雇主,老板﹣-- employee 雇员believe --- belief 信仰behave 行为,举止﹣-- behavior 行为know --- knowledge 知识fly --- flight 飞行heat 加热﹣-- heat 热量hit 撞击--- hit 轰动一时的人或物mix 混合--- mixture 混合物invent --- inventor / invention 发明illustrate --- illustration 阐明,举例说明invite --- invitation 邀请inspire --- inspiration 灵感,鼓舞人心的pollute --- pollution 污染predict --- prediction 预言pronounce --- pronunciation resolve --- resolution 决心impress --- impression 印象permit --- permission 允许suggest --- suggestion 建议,暗示solve --- solution 解决方法perform --- performance 演出exist --- existence 存在say --- saying 谚语remind --- reminding 提醒press 按,压﹣-- pressure 压力receive --- receptionist 接待员serve --- service 服务succeed --- success 成功tour 在...旅游﹣-- tourist 游客pursue --- pursuit 追求,从事propose --- proposal 建议survive --- survival -- survivor 幸存者arrive --- arrival 到达名词/动词变形容词1.名词+yanger --- angry 生气的honest --- honesty 诚实的hunger --- hungry 饥饿的fog --- foggy 有雾的fur --- furry 毛皮的guilt 罪恶﹣-- guilty 内疚的health --- healthy 健康的luck --- lucky 幸运的cloud --- cloudy 多云的wind - windy 多风的rain --- rainy 多雨的2.名词/动词+edbalance --- balanced 平衡的snow --- snowy 多雪的sun --- sunny 阳关灿烂的tourist --- touristy 游客多的business --- busy 忙碌的salt 盐﹣-- salty 咸的shine --- shiny 发亮的silk 丝绸--- silky 丝绸般的sleep --- sleepy 昏昏欲睡的taste 口味,品味﹣-- tasty 甜的fish --- fishy 怀疑的spot 斑点,地点﹣-- spotted 有斑点的talent --- talented 有天赋的organize --- organized 有组织的crowd --- crowded 拥挤的3.名词+ful / lessmeaning --- meaningful 有意义的care --- careful / careless 小心的:粗心的help --- helpful / helplesshome --- homeless 无家归的color --- colorful 多彩的4.名词/动词+able还有一般以e 结尾的词,去e 加able , change --- changeable 易变的动词以辅音加y 结尾把y 变i 加able , deny --- deniable 可否认的rely --- reliable 可靠的comfort --- comfortable 舒适的5.名词+ouscourage --- courageous 勇敢的danger --- dangerous 危险的6.ce变tconfidence --- confident 自信的difference --- different 不同的7. al 结尾addition --- additional 附加的,额外的class --- classical 经典的medicine 药﹣-- medical 医学的music --- musical 音乐的nature --- natural 自然的person --- personal (私人的)8.名词+lyfriend --- friendly 友好的live --- lively 活跃的,有生气的love --- lovely 可爱的pollute --- polluted 被污染的please --- pleased 高兴的pain 疼痛--- painful 痛苦的use --- useless 无用的/useful 有用的thank --- thankful 充满感激的peace 和平--- peaceful 平静的,宁静的knowledge --- knowledgeable 知识渊博的suit 一套﹣-- suitable 合适的mystery 神秘﹣-- mysterious 神秘的dependence --- dependent 依赖他人的independence --- independent 独立的nation --- national 国家的education --- educational 有教育意义的tradition --- traditional 传统的origin 起源﹣-- original 新颖的:独创的globe --- global 全球的week --- weekly 每周的man --- manly 男子气概的:强壮的9.+ en 结尾wood --- wooden 木制的10.其他energy 精力﹣-- energetic 精力充沛的fool 傻子﹣-- foolish 愚蠢的freedom 自由﹣-- free 空的,height 高度﹣-- high 高的illness 疾病﹣-- ill 生病的love --- loving 慈爱的1.形容词+lybad --- badly 坏地wool --- woolen 羊毛的death --- dead 死亡的pleasure -- pleasant / pleased popularity 流行性﹣-- popular pride --- proud 自豪的scientist --- scientific 科学的形容词变副词bright --- brightly 明亮地clear --- clearly 清楚地complete --- completely 完全correct --- correctly 正确地final --- finally 最后fortunate --- fortunately 幸运地general --- generally 一般来讲loud --- loudly 大声地particular 特殊的,独特的﹣-- particularlypolite --- politely 礼貌地proper 合适的,恰当的﹣-- properlymain --- mainly 主要地most 多数﹣-- mostly 多半,大多数normal --- normally 正常地2.以le 结尾的去e + ycomfortable --- comfortably 舒服地gentle --- gently 温柔地possible --- possibly 可能地3.辅音字母+y 变ilyeasy --- easily 容易地heavy --- heavily 沉重地4.特殊good --- well 好地well 身体健康的4.形容词变名词efficient 有效率的﹣-- efficiency 效率patient --- patience / impatience 耐性/无耐心dependent --- dependence 依赖性independent --- independence 独立性true --- truth 真相high --- height 高度5.形容词变动词modern --- modernize 使...现代化social --- socialize 使...社会化fast --- fasten 使固定:集中于short --- shorten 缩短long --- lengthen 使延长6.名词﹣-﹣形容词﹣副词beauty 美,美人﹣-- beautiful --- beautifullycare --- careful --- carefully 细心的care --- careless --- carelessly 粗心的difference --- different --- differently 不同的fortune 命运﹣-- fortunate 幸运的--- fortunately / unfortunately 不幸运的happiness --- happy --- happily 开心的hunger --- hungry --- hungrily 饥饿的health --- healthy --- healthily 健康的luck --- lucky --- luckily 幸运的quick --- quickly 迅速地quiet --- quietly 轻轻地,安静地real --- really 真正地recent 最近的﹣-- recently 最近:近来hard 难的:努力地﹣-- hardly 几乎不late 迟的﹣-- lately 最近;近来sad --- sadly 悲哀地slow --- slowly 缓慢地special --- specially 专门,特殊地specific --- specifically 特定地,明确地strong --- strongly 坚决地,强烈地sudden --- suddenly 突然usual --- usually 通常simple --- simply 仅仅:只:简单地terrible --- terribly 非常:极度地happy --- happily 快乐地true --- truly 真实地wide --- width 宽度long --- length 长度possible --- possibility 可能responsible --- responsibility 责任:职责urgent --- urgency 紧急wide --- widen 放宽less --- lessen 使...减少strong --- strengthen 加强;巩固large --- enlarge 扩大:放大noise -- noisy --- noisily 有噪音的pride --- proud --- proudly 骄傲地sadness --- sad --- sadly 悲哀的safety 安全:安全的地方﹣-- safe --- safelysilence --- silent --- silently 默默地success --- successful --- successfully 成功的truth --- true --- truly 真的unluck --- unlucky --- unluckily 不幸运的wonder 奇迹﹣-- wonderful 奇妙的﹣-- wonderfully。
词形变化归纳
中考英语复习词形归纳一、名词的复数形式构成:1.以-f或-fe结尾的名词变复数(1)加-s,如:cafes, giraffes(2)去f,fe加-ves,如:half-halves knife-knives leaf-leaves life-lives wolf-wolvesthief-thieves self-selves wife-wives shelf-shelves歌诀记忆:树叶(leaf)半数(half)自己(self)黄;妻子(wife)拿刀(knife)去割粮;架(shelf)后窜出一匹狼(wolf);就像小偷(thief)逃命(life)亡。
这9个名词变复数时,都要改-f(e)为v,再加-es,2.以-o结尾的名词,变复数(1)加s,如:photo-photos piano-pianos radio-radios zoo-zoos kilo-kilos (2)加es,如:potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes mangoes, Negro-Negroes hero-heroes歌诀记忆:黑人(Negro)和英雄(hero)爱吃芒果、西红柿(tomato)和马铃薯(potato)。
除了这五个以-o结尾的名词加-es外,其余的以-o结尾的名词加-s。
3.表示―国家‖的名词变复数Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese Englishman-Englishmen Frenchman-Frenchmen Russian-Russians Indian-Indians Canadian-Canadians American-Americans歌诀记忆:中(Chinese)日(Japanese)不变,英(Englishman)法(Frenchman)变,其余s加后面。
4.以复数形式出现的名词goods货物trousers/pants /jeans /shorts裤子clothes衣服glasses眼镜5.以s结尾,仍为单数的名词(1)maths,politics,physics等学科名词,为不可数名词,是单数。
六年级英语词形变化规则
pep小学六年级英语词形变化规则一、名词复数规则1.一般情况下,加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2.以s.O. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes,3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives5.不规则名词复数:man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,. tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese二、动词+s的变化规则1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies三、动词加ing的变化规则1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping四、动词过去式变化规则:1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2.结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted 3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped 4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed,如:study-studied 5.不规则动词过去式:am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, fly-flew, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat五、比较级的规则⑴一般在词尾加er ;⑵以字母e 结尾,加r ;⑶以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加er ;⑷以“辅音字母+y”结尾,先把y变i,再加er 。
初中英语四大词形变化规律(动词 名词 形容词 副词)
四大词形变身规律(动词/ 名词/ 形容词/ 副词)一动词的单数第三人称规则变化1. 一般情况词尾直接加slike--likes(喜欢)look--looks(看)2. 以不发音的e结尾,直接加slive--lives(居住)decide--decides(决定)3. 以辅音字母+y结尾, 变y为i再加es carry—carries(搬运)fly--flies(飞)4. 以o, s, x, ch, sh结尾加esgo--goes(去)pass--passes(经过)fix--fixes(修理)catch--catches(捕捉)wash--washes(洗)二动词的过去式规则变化1. 一般情况,词尾直接加edwork-- worked(工作)look--looked (看)2. 以不发音的e结尾的单词,直接加dlive--lived(居住)use--used(使用)3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i加edstudy--studied (学习)worry--worried(担心)4. 以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写最后的辅音字母加ed stop-- stopped (停止)plan--planned(计划)三动词的现在分词规则变化1. 一般情况,词尾直接加ingdrink--drinking(喝)sleep--sleeping(睡觉)2. 以不发音的e结尾,去e,再加ing.use--using(使用)write--writing(写)3. 以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写最后的辅音字母,加ing.如:put--putting(放置)run--running(跑步)4. 部分以ie结尾的动词,变ie为y,加ingdie--dying(死亡)lie--lying(躺下)四可数名词变复数规则变化1. 一般在名词词尾加"-s"map--maps(地图)bird--birds(鸟)2. 以fe或f结尾的名词,把fe或f变为v加"-es"knife--knives(小刀)leaf--leaves(树叶)3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加"-es "baby--babies(婴儿)family--families(家庭)4. 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词加"-es"box--boxes(盒子)class--classes(班级)watch--watches(手表)dish--dishes(盘)5. 部分以o结尾的有生命的名词后面加"-es"tomato--tomatoes(西红柿)potato--potatoes(土豆)hero--heroes(英雄)五(单音节/部分双音节)形容词/副词的比较级最高级的规则变化1. 一般情况下,比较级+er ,最高级+estsmall--smaller--smallest(小的)--(较小的)--(最小的)slow--slower--slowest(慢的)--(较慢的)--(最慢的)2. 以不发音e结尾的单词,比较在原级后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st;nice--nicer--nicest(和蔼的)-(较和蔼的)-(最和蔼的)free--freer--freest(免费的)-(较免费的)-(最免费的)3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的单词,把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;easy--easier--easiest(容易的)-(较容易的)-(最容易的)busy--busier--busiest(忙碌的)-(较忙碌的)-(最忙碌的)4. 以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写最后的辅音字母,比较级再加-er,最高级再加-est;hot--hotter--hottest(热的)--(较热的)--(最热的)big--bigge--biggest(大的)--(较大的)--(最大的)。
英语词形转换
英语词形转换
英语中,同一个词根可以派生出多种不同的词形,例如名词、动词、形容词、副词等。
掌握英语词形转换是提高词汇量和语言表达能力的重要途径之一。
以下是一些常见的英语词形转换:
1.名词→动词
例子:experience(经验)→ experience(经历)
2.动词→名词
例子:improve(改善)→ improvement(改善)
3.形容词→副词
例子:quick(快速的)→ quickly(快速地)
4.副词→形容词
例子:slowly(慢慢地)→ slow(缓慢的)
5.名词→形容词
例子:color(颜色)→ colorful(多彩的)
6.形容词→名词
例子:beautiful(美丽的)→ beauty(美丽)
7.动词→副词
例子:care(关心)→ carefully(小心地)
8.副词→动词
例子:quickly(快速地)→ quicken(加快)
学习英语词形转换不仅可以提高语言水平,还可以帮助我们更好地理解句子的结构和意义。
英语单词词性转换规则
英语单词词性转换规则英语单词词性转换规则⼤全 在动词work后⾯加上er变成形容词worker,这就是英语档次的词形变化。
下⾯是⼩编分享的英语词性变换规则,希望能帮到⼤家! 英语词性变换规则 ⼀、动词变为名词的⽅法 1.词形不变,词性改变。
例如:work, study, water, plant等可以⽤作动词,也可以⽤作名词。
2. ⼀些动词在词尾加上-er或-or之后就变成了表⽰“某⼀类⼈”的名词。
例如:work—worker, teach—teacher, sing—singer, jump—jumper, play—player, learn—learner, visit—visitor, invent—inventor等。
注意:1)以不发⾳的e结尾的动词,在词尾加-r。
例如:drive—driver, write—writer等。
2)以重读闭⾳节结尾,且末尾只有⼀个辅⾳字母的动词,应双写末尾的辅⾳字母,再加-er。
例如:run—runner, win—winner, begin—beginner等。
3. 在动词词尾加-ing变成名词(⽅法与动词变为现在分词的⽅法相同)。
例如: meet—meeting, build—building, wait—waiting, wash—washing, swim—swimming, shop—shopping, begin—beginning等。
⼆、名词变为形容词的⽅法 1. 在名词后⾯加-y可以变成形容词(尤其是⼀些与天⽓有关的.名词)。
例如:rain—rainy, cloud—cloudy, wind—windy, snow—snowy, health—healthy, luck—lucky等。
注意:1)如果名词以重读闭⾳节结尾,且词尾只有⼀个辅⾳字母,这时应双写词尾的辅⾳字母再加-y。
如:sun—sunny, fun—funny等。
2)少数以不发⾳的e结尾的名词变为形容词时,应去掉e再加-y。
英语词形变化
英语词形变化1. 时态变化- 动词根据时间线改变形式。
- Present: walk- Past: walked- Future: will walk2. 语态变化- 动词根据主语和动作的关系改变形式。
- Active: He eats the cake.- Passive: The cake is eaten by him.3. 数的变化- 名词和动词根据主语的数量改变形式。
- Singular: cat- Plural: cats4. 人称变化- 动词根据主语的人称改变形式。
- First person singular: I eat- Second person singular: You eat- Third person singular: He/She/It eats5. 性变化- 形容词和代词在某些情况下根据性别改变形式。
- Masculine: actor- Feminine: actress6. 格变化- 名词和代词根据它们在句子中的功能改变形式(这在现代英语中不如古英语中明显)。
- Nominative: He (subject)- Accusative: Him (object)7. 比较级和最高级- 形容词和副词根据比较的程度改变形式。
- Positive: happy- Comparative: happier- Superlative: happiest8. 名词所有格- 表示所有关系时,名词会改变形式。
- Singular: John's book- Plural: The children's books以下是一些具体的例子:- 动词变化:- Present Simple: She **eats** an apple.- Past Simple: She **ate** an apple.- Present Continuous: She is **eating** an apple.- Past Continuous: She was **eating** an apple.- Present Perfect: She has **eaten** an apple.- Past Perfect: She had **eaten** an apple.- 名词变化:- Singular: The **cat** is sleeping.- Plural: The **cats** are sleeping.- 形容词变化:- Positive: This is a **happy** dog.- Comparative: This dog is **happier** than that one.- Superlative: This is the **happiest** dog I've ever seen.。
自考英语二语法5种变形
英语词形语法变化一:名词复数一、名词变复数的构成规则:二、特殊情况:1. 不规则变化:man →m e n男人woman →wom e n 女人child →child ren儿童tooth →t ee th牙齿foot →f ee t脚goose →g ee se鹅mouse →mice鼠注意:German(德国人)的复数是Germans2. 单复数同形:sheep绵羊, fish鱼, deer鹿, Chinese中国人, Japanese日本人3.只有复数形式:(1) 由两部分组成的物品:trousers裤子,shorts短裤,jeans 牛仔裤,glasses眼镜,scissors剪刀(2) 其他:clothes衣服, people人们,police警方写出下列名词的复数形式:1. brother __________2. friend_____________3.toy__________4. way__________5. hobby __________6. country ___________7. family ____________8. diary __________ 9 . tomato___________ 10. kilo______ 11. photo __________ 12. leaf__________ 13. life _________ 14. fish _________ 15. Chinese__________写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式:1. help ____________2. learn ___________3. eat ___________4. read __________5. pass ___________6. wash __________7. teach __________8. watch ___________9. go __________ 10. do __________ 11. carry____________ 12.try___________ 13.fly_____________ 14. study ___________ 15. buy _________ 16. stay__________ 17. play___________ 18. say___________ 19. have _________ 20. be_______英语词形语法变化三:动词的-ing形式现在分词构成口诀现在分词很好记,动词后缀-ing,直接加、去e加、双写加,还有一点要注意,ie要用y来替。
英语中词形变化的相关知识介绍
英语中词形变化的相关知识介绍编者按:英语动词有四种基本的变化形式,即过去式、过去分词、动名词(-ing式,或现在分词)和不定式。
下面小编就来带你一起学习下,希望对大家有帮助。
1.规则动词的过去式和过去分词,在动词原形的结尾加ed,所有规则动词的变形有三种,余下为特殊变形,例示:规则动词的变形:原形:play过去式:played过去分词:played (与过去式相同)动名词:playing不定式:to play不规则动词的变形:原形:write过去式:wrote过去分词:written动名词:writing不定式:to write2.系动词be有七种变形:现在式:am:接在第一人称I后面is:接在小三即第三人称后面,即he,she,it和单数名词后面are:接在复数名词和主语you,we, they后面过去式:was, were动名词:being过去分词:been3.一般现在时以第三人称作主语时,谓语动词尾加s,少数以s,x,sh,ch以及以o结尾的动词加es(以便于发音),以y结尾的改y为i 再加es。
例如:Jim speaks alittle English. 杰姆会说一点英语。
He does hishomework as soon as possible. 他尽可能快地做家庭作业。
She studies sciences.她学习科学。
4.在虚拟句子中,谓语动词的变形是特殊的。
例如:If I wereyou, I would give my doctor a call. 如果我是你的话,我会打电话给医生。
5.词义相同,但词类转换时常常要变化词形。
这一条很容易被忽视,应该强化意识与操练。
succeed→success成功(动词) →成功(名词)×She successed in the end.√She succeeded in the end.作者|丹丹英语公众号:英语语法学习。
英语单词词性转换的基本规律
英语单词词性转换的基本规律一.动词(v.)→名词(n.)1词形不变,词性改变例如:work, study, water, plant等可以用作动词(工作,学习,浇水,种植),也可以用作名词(工作,学习,水,植物).2一些动词在词尾加上-er或-or之后就变成了表示"某一类人"的名词例如:work—worker, teach—teacher, sing—singer,jump—jumper, play—player, learn—learner,visit—visitor, invent—inventor,collect—collector等.注意:1)以不发音的e结尾的动词,在词尾加-r.例如:drive—driver, write—writer等.2)以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-er例如:run—runner, win—winner,begin—beginner等.3在动词词尾加上-ment 变成名词例如:achieve—achievement (成就) advertise—advertisement//advertising(广告) agree—agreement disgree—disagreementamuse—amusement (娱乐) improve—improvement(争吵)commit(奉献)—commitment develop—development (发展)epart—department (局,部) govern(统治)—government(政府) manage—management (管理) equip—equipment (装备)有些单词比较特殊,需把动词后的e去掉再加ment. 例如:argue—argument(争论)4在动词词尾加上-(t)ion/(s)ion变成名词例如: attract—attraction; instruct—instruction;invent—invention discuss—discussion; express—expression educate—education; graduate—graduation; operate—operation (去e再加"ion")compete—competition; organize—organization (把e改成其他字母再加"tion") decide—decision conclude—conclusion (把de改为s再加"ion") describe—description描写,描绘 (这是特例,不规则变化)5在动词词尾加上-ance变成名词例如: appear—appearance (外貌;出现) perform—performance (演出)accept—acceptance (接受)6在动词词尾加-ing变成名词 (方法与动词变为现在分词的方法相同)例如:meet—meeting build—building wait—waitingbathe—bathing say—saying(谚语) mean—meaningend —ending train —training wash—washing注意:以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ing 如:swim—swimming shop—shopping begin—beginning7其他一些比较特殊的变化例如: Beg(乞讨)—beggar(乞丐) behave(行为举止)—behaviorknow(知道)—knowledge(知识) fly—flight (飞行)heat (加热)—heat(热量) hit (撞击)—hit( 轰动一时的人或物,碰撞)mix (混合)—mixture(混合物) press(按,压)—pressure(压力)sit(坐)—seat (座位) succeed—success(成功) tour—tour(旅游)/ tourist (游客)1动词后面加able,以e结尾的动词则去e加able,表示具有此性质,特点或属性.例如: afford-affordable;love-lovable2动词后面加ed,以e结尾的动词则直接加d,表示被动性的属性或特点.例如: scatter-scattered use-used2不规则的动词则必须记忆,记住其过去分词形式.规律不大,意义同(b).三.名词(n.)→形容词(adj.)1在名词后面加-y可以变成形容词(尤其是一些与天气有关的名词)例如: rain—rainy, cloud—cloudy, wind—windy, snow—snowy,health—healthy, luck—lucky,anger—angry guilt—guilty(内疚的)tourist—touristy(游客多的) , salt (盐)—salty (咸的)silk(丝绸)—silky(丝绸般的), sleep—sleepy (昏昏欲睡的)注意:1)如果以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母,这时应双写辅音字母再加"-y".如: sun—sunny, fun—funny, fog—foggy(有雾的), fur—furry(毛皮的)2)少数以不发音的e结尾的名词变为形容词时,应去掉e再加"-y".如: noise—noisy, ice—icy, shine—shiny(发亮的), taste(口味)—tasty(甜的)2名词后面加-ed,以e结尾的直接加d.例如: spot(斑点)—spotted(有斑点的); talent—talented (有天赋的)organize—organized 有组织的; balance—balanced(平衡的)3一些抽象名词在词尾加-ful可以变为形容词例如:care—careful, thank1—thankful, help—helpful, use—useful, meaning—meaningful 4在名词后加-less构成含有否定意义的形容词例如:care—careless(粗心的), use—useless(无用的)hope—hopeless(没希望的),home—homeless(无家可归的)5一些以-ce结尾的名词,把-ce改为-t变成形容词例如: difference—different, silence—silent, confidence—confident6.在名词后加-ly变为形容词例如: friend—friendly, love—lovely, live---lively7.在名词后加-ous变为形容词例如: danger—dangerous8名词后面加-al变为形容词例如: music—musical; medicine—medical (这个比较特殊)9名词后面加-able变为形容词,如果以e结尾就去e再加"-able".例如: adjust—adjustable 可调整的 value—valuable有价值的10名词后面加-en变成形容词例如: wood—wooden 木制的 wool—woolen 羊毛的11一些表示国家的名词可以在词尾加-ese, -ish或-n构成表示国籍,语言的形容词例如:China—Chinese, Japan—Japanese, England—English,America—American, India—Indian, Australia —Australian(注意Canada—Canadian)▲一般在形容词的词尾加-ly可以变成副词例如: quick—quickly, slow—slowly, loud—loudly, sudden—suddenly 等但是,以下几点值得注意:1一些以"辅音字母+y"结尾的形容词,要把y改为i再加-ly例如: happy—happily, angry—angrily, lucky—luckily, heavy—heavily, noisy—noisily有些以-ble或-le结尾的形容词,去掉e加-y例如:possible—possibly, terrible—terribly3少数以e结尾的形容词,要去掉e再加-ly例如: true—truly但绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍然直接加-ly例如: polite—politely, wide—widely4以-l结尾的形容词变为副词时要在词尾加-ly,以-ll结尾的才在词尾只加-y.例如: usual—usually, careful—carefully, useful—usefullyfull—fully (以-ll结尾的才只加y)PS:有些同学可能对元音辅音以及重读闭音节不是很了解,那我在这里再做下补充说明. 1.英语26个字母中,a e i o u是元音字母, y是半元音字母, 其余都是辅音字母.★所谓半元音就是有时候做元音,有时候做辅音.半元音字母y做元音有: shy,sky 做辅音比如最简单的:yes2.开音节和闭音节开音节分两种:绝对开音节和相对开音节绝对开音节指的是"元音字母结尾"的音节 (例如 we, hi等)相对开音节是指"辅音字母-元音字母-辅音字母-不发音的e"的音节,(r除外). ( 例如,take,make 等)比如:take (在这个单词中,t是辅音,a是元音,k是辅音,e是不发音的元音)◆在开音节中, 元音字母发他们在字母表中的音闭音节, 则是指"辅音字母-元音字母-辅音字母"的音节 ( -al等除外) (例如:leg,cross等)◆在闭音节中,元音字母发不同的音 a e i o u例 sat let sit not nut (试着读下这些单词,这些单词中,元音发的音都不是它们在字母表中发的音)2.英语重读闭音节就是以辅音因素结尾的,而且是重读音节的音节.比如apple 划音节就因该是ap/ple 前面那个ap是一个音节,这个音节以辅音因素p结尾,所以就是闭音节.(仅仅能看出是闭音节,是不是重读闭音节还要看这个音节是不是重读的) 重读闭音节三要素:1. 必须是重读音节;2. 最后只有一个辅音字母;3.元音字母发短元音 ( 说通俗点,打个比方, /u/是短元音,/u:/是长元音)重读闭音节即两个辅音中间夹一个元音.如:sit---sitting begin---beginning(重读在gin这个音节上)●像travel这个单词,"vel"也是"辅音+元音+辅音"的结构,但是重音不在vel这个音节上,所以不用双写"l",可以为travelled,也可以是traveled,更常用的是后者.。
最全考纲词形变化分类汇总清单 高考英语二轮复习
最全考纲词形变化分类汇总一、名词1、名词+ce 后缀变形容词confidence→confident自信的difference→different不同的evidence 证据→evident明显的independence→independent独立的intelligence 智力→intelligent聪明的patience→patient有耐心的silence→silent沉默的violence→violent暴力的2、名词+-ency 后缀变形容词emergency →emergent紧急的fluency →fluent流利的;流畅的frequency 频率→frequent频繁的efficiency→efficient有效率的tendency→tend趋向;趋势3、名词+-y 后缀变形容词anger→angry生气的cloud→cloudy多云的dirt→dirty脏的dust→dusty布满尘土的ease→easy容易的;安易的fog→foggy有雾的frost→frosty结霜的;严寒的gre ed→greedy贪吃的;贪婪的guilt→guilty内疚的;有罪的health→healthy健康的hunger→hungry饥饿的ice→icy结冰的mess→messy杂乱的mist→misty有雾的noise→noisy吵闹的;嘈杂的salt→salty咸的sleep→sleepy困的snow→snowy有雪的storm→stormy暴风雨的sun→sunny晴朗的taste→tasty可口的;好吃的thirst→thirsty渴的;渴望的wealth→wealthy富有的wind→windy有风的year→yearly每年的4、名词+-ly 后缀变形容词brother→brotherly兄弟般的day→daily每天的friend→friendly友好的month→monthly每月的quarter→quarterly每季的week→#weekly每周的5、以t 结尾的形容词变名词convenient→convenience方便;便利different→difference不同;差异important→importance重要(性) significant→significance重大意义intelligent→intelligence智力6、名词+-al 后缀变形容词agriculture→agricultural农业的benefit→beneficial有益的commerce→commercial商业的convention→conventional传统的culture→cultural文化的environment→environmental环境的face→facial表面的music→musical音乐的nation→national国家的nature→natural自然的;天然的office→official官方的origin→original原来的profession→professional专业的season→seasonal季节的;季节性的society→social社会的tradition→traditional传统的7、名词/动词+-ous 后辍变形容词adventure→adventuro us 冒险的continue→continuous连续的danger→dangerous危险的humour→humorous幽默的mountain→mountainous多山的poison→poisonous有毒的8、动词+-er 后缀指物的名词cooker 炊具counter 柜台drawer 抽屉receiver 听筒;话筒speaker 扬声器typewriter 打字机9、-ician 后缀高频词汇electrician n.电工magician n.魔术师musician n.音乐家physician n.内科医生politician n.政治家technician n.技术员10、以-ist 为后缀的高频名词art→artist艺术家biology→biologist生物学家journal→journalist新闻工作者;记者physics→physicist物理学家piano→pianist钢琴家psychology→psychologist心理学家science→scientist科学家social→socialist 社会主义者special→specialist专家tour→tourist游客11、后缀“-ology”名词archaeology 考古学biology 生物学ecology 生态学geology 地质学psychology 心理学sociology 社会学technology 技术;工艺12、名词+--ic 后缀形容词drama→dramatic戏剧(性)的energy→energetic精力充沛的enthusiasm→enthusiastic热情的romance→romantic浪漫的science→scientific科学的sympathy→sympathetic同情的13、名词+-hood 后缀变名词adult→adulthood成年boy→boyhood少年时代brother→brotherhood手足之情child→childhood童年man→manhood男子气概neighbour→neighbourhood邻里;街坊14、-ship 后缀高频名词championship 冠头军衔friendship 友谊hardship 困苦;苦难leadership 领导地位;领导才能membership 成员资格relationship 关系scholarship 奖学金15、动词+-y 后缀变名词deliver→delivery运送discover→discovery发现recover→recovery康复;恢复16、动词+-ing 后缀变名词begin→beginning开始;开端build→building建筑(物)cross→crossing十字路口end→ending结局;结尾engine→engineering工程feel→feeling感觉hear→hearing听力market→marketing促销meet →meeting会议paint→painting绘画;油画spend→spending花销suffer→suffering苦难train→training训练;培养17、动词+-ment 后缀变名词acquire→acquirement n.取得accomplish→accomplishment成就achieve→achievement成就adjust→adjustment调整;调节amuse→amusement愉快;快乐;消遣announce→announcement宣告;述说appoint→appointment约会;预约;任命argue→argument争论arrange→arrangement安排assess→assessment评估assign→assignment分配;任务astonish→ast onishment 惊讶develop→development发展disappoint→disappointment失望embarrass→embarrassment尴尬employ→employment雇用enjoy→enjoyment享受;欢乐entertain→entertainment款待;娱乐equip→equipment设备establish→establishment建立govern→government统治;政府improve→improvement提高judge→judgement判断move→movement运动;移动punish→punishment惩罚settle→settlement定居;解决state→statement陈述;说明二、形容词18、-ive 后缀变形容词act→active积极的attract→attractive吸引人的cooperate→cooperative合作的impress→impressive给人印象深刻的protect→protective保护的relate→relative相关的sense→sensitive敏感的negative 消极的objective 客观的%passive 被动的positive 积极的subjective 主观的19、动词+-able 后缀变形容词accept→acceptable可接受的adjust→adjustable可调节的admire→admirable令人钦佩的afford→affordable负担得起的change→changeable易变的comfort→comfortable舒服的consider→considerable重要的;相当大的desire→desirable值得做的;可取的enjoy→enjoyable令人愉快的favour→favourable赞成的;有利的forget→forgettable健忘的honour→honourable可敬的;光荣的reach→reachable可获得的;可达到的reason→reasonable合理的rely→reliable可靠的;可信赖的remark→remarkable 不平凡的suit→suitable合适的understand→understandable可理解的value→valuable宝贵的20、动词+-ed 变形容词absorb→absorbed专心的;聚精会神的accustom→accustomed习惯的balance→balanced平衡的bury→buried专心的complicate→complicated复杂的determine→determined坚定的;有决心的devote→devoted忠实的experience→experienced有经验的learn→learned博学的limit→limited有限的organize→organized有组织的suppose→supposed应该的relate→related相关的skill→skilled熟练的unit→united联合的;统一的21、动词+-ing/+-ed 变形容词amuse→amusing好笑的;有趣的→amused愉快的astonish→astonis hing 令人惊讶的→astonished感到惊讶的bore→bored厌烦的→boring令人厌烦的confuse→confusing令人迷惑的→confused感到迷惑的convince→convincing令人信服的→convinced坚信不移的depress→depressing令人沮丧的→depressed沮丧的disappoint→disappointed失望的→disappointing令人失望的disturb→disturbing令人不安的;引起烦恼的→disturbed扰乱的;精神失常的embarrass→embarrassing令人尴尬的→embarrassed尴尬的excite→excited兴奋的→exciting令人兴奋的frighten→frightened害怕的→frightening令人害怕的relax→relaxing使人放松的→relaxed轻松的satisfy→satisfying令人满意的→satisfied对……满意的shock→shocked震惊的→shocking令人震惊的surpri se→surprised吃惊的→surprising令人吃惊的tire→tired疲劳的→tiring令人疲劳的22、动词+-tion 后缀变名词accelerate→acceleration加速accumulate→accumulation积累adapt→adaptation适应;改编addict→addiction沉溺;嗜好admire→admiration羡慕advocate→advocation拥护apply→application申请appreciate→appreciation感激;欣赏assume→assumption假定;设想celebrate→celebration庆祝classify→classification分类;归类combine→combination联合congratulate→congratulation祝贺construct→construction建筑物consume→consumption消费contradict→contradiction反驳contribute→contribution贡献cooperate→cooperation合作correct→correction改正;纠正create→creation创造;创建declare→declaration宣言;公告decorate→decoration装饰decorate→decoration装饰determine→determination决心digest→digestion消化elect→election竞选;选举erupt→eruption火山爆发evaluate→evaluation评估exhibit→exhibition展览;展览会expect→expectation期望;期待fascinate→fascination魅力;入迷graduate→graduation毕业graduate→graduation毕业hesitate→hesitation犹豫;踌躇imagine→imagination想象immigrate→immigration迁移;移居indicate→indication指示;暗示infect→infection传染interrupt→interruption中断object→objection反对occupy→occupation占领;占据organize→organization组织pollute→pollution污染predict→prediction预言prepare→preparation准备protect→protection保护recommend→recommendation推荐;介绍reflect→reflection思考;反映regulate→regulation规则;规章reject→rejection拒绝;抛弃relax→relaxation放松satisfy→satisfaction满意;满足starve→starvation挨饿;饿死substitute→substitution代替;取代translate→translation翻译transport→transportation交通23、动词+-ure 后缀变名词press→pressure压力please→pleasure乐事;快乐expose→exposure暴露;揭发fail→failure失败mix→mixture混合物24、动词+-sion 后缀变名词admit→admission容许;承认permit→permission允许impress→impression印象express→expression表情;表达revise→revision复习possess→possession拥有conclude→conclusion结论confuse→confusion困惑;混淆decide→decision决定25、动词/形容词+-ance 后缀变名词guide→guidance指导tolerate→tolerance宽容ignore→ignorance无知;愚昧appear→appearance出现important→importance重要(性) elegant→elegance优雅大方assist→assistance援助resist→resistance抵抗guide→guidance指导annoy→annoyance恼怒26、形容词+-ity 后缀变名词electric→electricity电;电流;电学equal→equality平等major→majority大多数popular→popularity受欢迎;流行real→reality现实secure→security安全similar→similarity相似点27、以“-ity”结尾的高频名词cruelty 残忍diversity 多样性necessity 必需品;需要possibility 可能性security 安全similarity 相似(性)28、形容词+-en 后缀变动词bright→brighten使愉快;使明亮broad→broaden加宽;拓宽dark→darken使变暗deep→deepen加深;使变深fright→frighten (使)惊吓hard→harden使变硬light→lighten使变轻long→lengthen加长loose→loosen (使)变松;放松;松开quick→quicken加快ripe→ripen变成熟;使成熟sharp→sharpen磨快;使锋利short→shorten变短;缩短soft→soften使变软strong→strengthen加强weak→weaken使变弱wide→widen加宽;拓宽29、形容词+-th 变名词deep→depth深;深处grow→growth成长long→length长;长度strong→strength力量true→truth真理warm→warmth温暖wide→width宽度30、形容词+-ness 变名词aware→awareness意识careless→carelessness粗心大意conscious→consciousness知觉dark→darkness黑暗eager→eagerness渴望happy→happiness幸福;高兴kind→kindness仁慈;好意lonely→loneliness孤独rude→rudeness粗鲁sad→sadness悲哀;悲伤sick→sickness疾病weak→weakness弱点;虚弱willing→willingness愿意31、含-ious 的形容词ambitious 有雄心的;野心勃勃的cautious 小心的;谨慎的conscious 有意识的envious 忌妒的;猜忌的mysterious 神秘的religious 宗教上的;信奉宗教的;虔诚的32、以“-ical”结尾的形容词economical 经济的;节约的electrical 与电有关的historical 与历史有关的logical 逻辑的magical 神奇的;像变魔术似的musical 音乐的;悦耳的political 政治的33、形容词+-ly 后缀变副词fluent→fluently流利地frequent→frequently频繁地;经常地actual→actually实际上entire→entirely完全;全部地gradual→gradually逐渐地fortunate→fortunately幸运地final→finally最后extreme→extremely极其反义词1、动词+dis-前缀变否定词agree→disagree不同意appear→disappear消失appoint→disappoint使失望approve→disapprove反对;不赞成comfort→discomfort使不舒适cover→discover发现like→dislike不喜欢2、形容词+in- 前缀变否定词accurate→inaccurate不精确的adequate→inadequate不充分的appropriate→inappropriate不合适的expensive→inexpensive不贵的;便宜的experienced→inexperienced经验不足的3、形容词+im-前缀变否定词patient→impatient不耐心的polite→impolite没礼貌的possible→impossible不可能的practical→impractical不实用的proper→improper不合适的4、形容词+un- 前缀变否定词able→unable不能的aware→unaware不知道的believable→unbelievable不可相信的certain→uncertain不确定的clear→unclear不清楚的comfortable→uncomfortable不舒服的common→uncommon不常有的conscious→unconscious失去知觉的fair→unfair不公平的forgettable→unforgettable难忘的fortunate→unfortunate不幸的fit→unfit不合适的friendly→unfrien dly 不友好的happy→unhappy不高兴的;不幸福的known→unknown无名的likely→unlikely不可能的lucky→unlucky不幸的necessary→unnecessary不必要的pleasant→unpleasant不愉快的unfortunate 不幸的unimportant 不重要的usual→unusual不寻常的willing→unwilling不情愿的5、后缀-less 构成的形容词aim→aimless无目的的care→careless粗心大意的count→countless无数的doubt→doubtless无疑的end→endless无尽的harm→harmless无害的help→helpless无助的home→homeless无家可归的hope→hopeless无希望的job→jobless失业的limit→limitless无限的rest→restless不安的use→useless无用的6、含mis-前缀的动词mistake 误会misunderstand 误解misuse 误用;滥用mislead 误导mistrust 不信任使动用法“前缀en-+形容词/名词”变动词rich→enrich使充实able→enable使能够large→enlarge使扩大sure→ensure确保;担保danger→endanger使……遭遇危险title→entitle给……起题目/命名courage→encourage鼓励含fore-前缀的单词forecast vt. 预报;预测foresee vt. 预见;预料;预知foreword n. 前言forehead n. 额头forearm n. 前臂forehead n. 额头forearm n. 前臂forecast vt. 预报foresee vt. 预见;预知foreword n. 前言foretell v. 预言;预示“-ward”后缀方位词southward 向南northward 向北eastward 向东westward 向西upward 向上backward 向后以后缀-ify 结尾的动词simple→simplify简化beauty→beautify美化pure→purify净化identity→identify鉴定;识别出class→classify分类动词+re-前缀变动词cycle→recycle再利用;回收利用use→reuse重新使用build→rebuild重建write→rewrite重写tell→retell复述男女有别词steward 乘务员;服务员stewardess 女乘务员waiter 男服务员waitress 女服务员actor 男演员actress 女演员host 男主人hostess 女主人现在分词/过去分词用作介词或连词assume→assuming假设;假定include→including包含;包括suppose→supposing假设;假如provide→provided/providing假设;如果consider→considering鉴于;考虑到concern→concerning关于give→given鉴于;考虑到。
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(词首)+词根+(词尾)
词根——中心语意
词首——增添动作、方向
词尾——词性、状态
词形音位律(以上三者组合会出现不利于发音的情况)
1、删除律
2、添加律
3、转变律
4、音素易位
5、元音等次
6、[r]音化
英语词汇的音节以辅音元音间隔排列的状态最容易发音,为维持最佳音节结构。
若音节以[h]为首,视为气符,不可视为辅音,当其与其他元音并列,可考虑删
词首或词根内的语音互换位置,其中以r音与其他音互换最常见,其他例子如theatre,theater中的re会有易位的情形。
元音等次
为传递语法的信息如单复数、时态、词类等,词根元音交替,元音交替的方式是e~o~¢(e等次,o等次,零等次)
[r]音化
词根的[s]夹在两个元音之间,则s会变成r。