英语国家概况模拟试题三.doc

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《英语国家概况》考试及答案

《英语国家概况》考试及答案《英语国家概况》考试及答案————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————⽇期：I. Choose the correct answer from the options given: （20 points, 1 point each）1. Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic of London ?A. The cultural centre.B. The business centre.C. The financial centre.D. The sports centre.2. Which of the following is NOT true about the characteristics of Britain ?A. Economic differences between north and south.B. Differences of social systems between Scotland and Wales.C. Class differences between a white-collar worker and a blue-collar worker.D. Cultural differences between immigrants and the British.3. In 1969, the first British soldiers were seen on Northern Ireland Street They came first _______.A. to maintain traffic order in Northern IrelandB. to protect the Catholic peopleC. to protect the Protestant peopleD. to replace the Royal Ulster Constabulary since they were unable to keep social Order4. In the early 1970s, the IRA _________.A. killed many Protestants and CatholicsB. burned down the houses of Catholics’C. murdered individuals at randomD. carried out a series of bombing and shooting and attacked the security forces as their main target5. Why did the British government decide to replace the Power-Sharing policy with “direct-rule” from London ?A. The Power-Sharing policy was not accepted by the majority of Protestants.B. The Northern Irish Parliament could not govern the province effectively.C. The Power-Sharing policy couldn’t be carried out.D. All the above.6. Which group of people can NOT vote in the general election ?A. Members in the House of Commons.B. Lords in the House of Lords.C. The major parties.D. The UK resident citizens of the Irish Republic.7. How many seats in the House of Commons should a party hold at least in order to win the election ?A. 651B. 326C. 626D. 3518. Which government lost a vote of no confidence and was forced to resign in 1979 ?A. The Conservative government.B. The Liberal government.C. The Labour government.D. The radical government.9. Which of the following books is written by Geoffrey Chaucer ?A. The Canterbury Tales.B. Beowulf.C. The Ulster Cycle.D. Morte D’Arthur.10. Among the following writers, who was NOT one of the great trio ?A. Ben Johnson.B. Geoffrey Chaucer.C. William Shakespeare.D. Christopher Marlowe.11. Which of the following was the most famous Scottish novelist ?A. D.H. Lawrence.B. Charles Dickens.C. Robert L. Stevenson.D. Walter Scott.12. Which of the following has nothing to do with Easter ?A. Rabbits.B. Haggis.C. Chicks.D. Eggs.13. Which of the following is true about the Guy Fawkes Night ?A. It is celebrated by Scottish people in November.B. It is celebrated by English people in November.C. It is celebrated by Scottish people in August.D. It is celebrated by English people in August.14. Which of the following is true about the Gunpowder Plot ?A. It was planned to kill the Protestant king and replace him with a Catholic king.B. It was planned to kill the Catholic king and replace him with a Protestant king.C. It was planned to kill King Billy and replace him with King James II.D. It was planned to kill King James II and replace him with King Billy.15. Which of the following is true under Thatcher’s administration ?A. The proportion of owner-occupation decreased.B. Public housing became more important.C. Many public houses were sold to the people.D. The UK became more European-like in its housing arrangements.16. Which of the following about class system in the UK is NOT true ?A. People of different classes tend to read different kinds of newspaper.B. Class-division is only decided by people’s income.C. Though social advancement is possible, class affects a person’s life-chances.D. The way people speak identifies themselves to particular class.17. The British media have many important functions. Which of the following is an exception ?A. They supply people with news, keeping them informed about what is happening in the world.B. They make huge profit by publishing advertisements.C. They promote culture and education.D. They provide entertainment.18. A free press is considered very important to the functioning of parliamentary democracy because _________.A. it plays a watchdog function, keeping an eye on the governmentB. it informs people about current affairs in the worldC. it provides people with subjective reportsD. it publishes short pamphlets for Parliament19. The state that had the first British settlement is __________.A. QueenslandB. New south WalesC. Western AustraliaD. Victoria20. The federal government and the state governments are formed by ________.A. the party chosen by the Governor-GeneralB. the party that has the most votesC. the party that has the majority of the House of RepresentativesD. the party that has the majority of the SenateII. True or false: (20 points, 1 point each) (A = T; B = F)21. London is not only the largest city in Britain, but also the largest in the world.22. The Tower of London, a historical sight, located in the centre of London, was builtby King Harold.23. Glasgow is the largest city in Scotland.24. British government offers the Queen high political status and supreme power.25. British government is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy.26. Britain has no written form of Constitution.27. In 1215, King Egbert united England under his rule.28. By the 1880s the British economy was dominant in the world.29. The UK economy is thought of as one of decline because Britain is poorer and producing less than it was in 1945.30. In Britain, "Football hooligans" sometimes have violent clashes.31. Attending the Grand National was an activity in Shakespeare's time.32. Football was invented by Scottish people.33. In Britain people can go to the open university without having any formal educational qualifications.34. The University of Edinburgh is a privately funded university in Britain.35. The main government department such as the Foreign and Commonwealth Office also involves in making Britain's foreign policy.36. According to the author, Britain is a parliamentary democracy, so the government's foreign policy in theory represents the desires of its electorate.37. Australia is the world’s smallest continent and largest island.38. Green and gold became the national colors formally in 1984.39. The famous thermal region is on the North Island.40. In 1975, the Waitangi Tribunal was set up to receive complaints from Maoripeople and to address the mistakes made in the past by the European settlers.英语国家概况（1）试题答案第⼀卷I. Choose the best answer: (20 分，每⼩题1 分)1. (A)2. (D)3. (C)4. (D)5. (B)6. (A)7. (B)8. (B)9. (C) 10. (A)11.(A) 12.(C) 13. (D) 14. (A) 15. (C) 16. (C) 17. (B) 18. (A) 19. (B) 20.(A)II. True or false: （20 分，每⼩题1 分）21.(B) 22.(B) 23.(A) 24.(B) 25.(A) 26. (A) 27. (B) 28. (A) 29. (B) 30. (A)31.(B) 32.(B) 33.(A) 34.(B) 35.(A) 36. (A) 37.(A) 38. (A) 39.(A) 40. (A)第⼆卷I. Fill in the blanks: （22 分，每空2 分）1. (the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland)2. (overrule the parliament)3. (Prime Minister)4. (The National Health Service)5. (Football Association Cup)6. (Guy Fawkes Night)7. (the UN Security Council)8. (Reading news papers, listening to radio)9. (God Save the Queen)10. (the House of Representatives)11. (New Zealanders having European ancestry)II. Answer the following questions: （18 分，每题2 分）1. The Normans under William of Normandy conquered England.2. It consists of the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal.3. They are Conservative party, Labor party and the Liberal Democrats.4. They are primary industries, secondary industries and tertiary industries.5. Because they hope their children can receive better education so that they can get intobetter universities or find a better job.6. It is influenced by its imperial history, its geopolitical traits and its relationship with theUS.7. It stands for the British Broadcasting Corporation.8. Because Britain needed new places to transform its criminals.9. They are Britain and other European countries and the US..III. Explain the following in English: (20 分，每⼩题4 分)1. They were two groups of Germanic peoples who settled down in England from the 5thcentury. They were regarded as the ancestors of the English and the founders ofEngland.2. It’s a statement put forward by an MP for the House of Commons to vote on saying that “This house no longer has confidence in the Government”. If the government loses a “vote of no confidence” it is forced to resign and call a general election.3. The Romantic Movement started at the end of the 18th century and the beginning of the19th century. The spirit of Romanism places emphasis on nature, originality, theemotional and personal. The great poets then are Keats, Shelley and Wordsworth.4. Comprehensive schools are the most popular secondary schools in Britain today. Suchschools admit children without reference to their academic abilities and provide a general education.5. The Commonwealth is a voluntary association of states which is made up of mostly offormer British colonies. It was set up as a forum for continued cooperation and as a sortof support network.。

自考英语国家概况模拟试题

⾃考英语国家概况模拟试题⾃考英语国家概况模拟试题I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statements or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statements or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(50 points, 1 point each)1.Around which period of time did the Celts start to arrive in Britain?A.3000B.C.B.2000 B.C.C.700 B.C.D.500 B.C.2.Who gives their name to the English people?A.the JutesB.the SaxonsC.the AnglesD.the Celts3.“ The Danelaw” refers to the ________ part of England which was occupied by the Danes in King Alfred’s time.A.south and westB.north and eastC.south and westD.north and west4.In 1066, William, Duke of Normandy, fought King ________of England near Hastings and won the battle of Hastings.A.HenryB.AlbertC.JamesD.Harold5. Which of the following is not the content of the Domesday Book ?/doc/77a354e2a8114431b80dd8ad.html ndsB.tenantsC.possessionsD.churches6.Owing to the great genius of the 14th century poet_______ the British native literature was sufficiently vigorous and experienced in assimilating foreign influences without being subjected by them.A.ChaucerB.Ben JohnsonC.ShakespeareD.Marlow7.In Britain, the Puritan Revolution refers to __________A.The War of RosesB.The Hundred Years’ WarC.The Seven Years’ WarD.The Civil War8.When Oliver Cromwell became the ruler of the commonwealth, one of his first acts was to crush a rebellion in ________, killing all the inhabitants of the towns of Drogheda and Wexford.A.ScotlandB.IrelandC.WalesD.England9.The Parliament elected in 1660 asked the late King’s son to return from his long exile in France as King ________. This was the Restoration.A.Charles IB.Charles IIC.James ID.James II10.Which one of the following is not the content of the People’s Charter?A.voting by secret ballotB.equal electoral districtsC.vote for all adultsD.payment of members of Parliament11.English colonial expansion began with the colonization of _________in 1583.A.IndiaB.MassachusettsC.NewfoundlandD.New Zealand12.After the Seven Years’ War between Britain and France,_________ was ceded to Britain by the 1763 Treaty of Paris.A.CanadaB.LouisianaC.FloridaD.California13.In 1940, _________ replaced Chamberlain as the British Prime Minister and finally led Britain to victory.A.AttleeB.MacmillanC.ChurchillD.Heath14.In _________, Britain finally became a full member of the European Economic Community.A.1972B.1973C.1975D.197615.What is not true about the functions of the British Prime Minister?A.He is appointed by the Queen;B.He is the First Lord of the Treasury and the Minister of the Civil Service;C.He always sits in the House of Lords;D.His official residence is No. 10 Downing Street in London.16.Which holiday is part of Scottish “Hogmanay” festival?A.New Year’s DayB.ChristmasC.EasterD.Halloween17.The origin of Guy Fawkes Day lies in the _________.A.Gunpowder Plot of 1605.B.Great FireC.Resurrection of ChristD.Crusades18.The School of Eton belongs to ___________./doc/77a354e2a8114431b80dd8ad.html prehensive schoolB.Secondary Modern SchoolC.Tertiary collegeD.Public school19.Of the four papers, which one is of quality paper?A.Daily MirrorB.The TimesC.The SunD.Daily Star20.________ is the most typical British sports.A.footballB.tennisC.golfD.cricket21.The first English colony in the Americas was founded in ________in 1607.A.VirginiaB.MassachusettsC.New YorkD.New Jersey22.On__________, 1776, the Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence.A.June 4B.July 4C.June 14D.July 1423.In 1791 ten amendments to the American constitution were ratified---- the Bill of Rights---- which were introduced by_________A.Thomas JeffersonB.George WashingtonC.James MadisonD.John Adams24.In 1865, the __________ Amendment which banned slavery was added to the Constitution.A.TenthB.TwelfthC.ThirteenthD.Fourteenth25.At the Peace Conference after the WWI, American President Wilson put forward a program of ___________.A.New DealB.New FreedomC.Fifteen pointsD.Fourteen Points答案：I.1.C2.C3.B4.D5.D6.A7.D8.B9.B 10.C11.C 12.A 13.C 14.B 15 C16 A 17 A 18.D 19. B 20. D21 A 22. B 23. C 24.C 25.D26.C 27.B 28. C 29.A 30.B31.A 32.B 33.C 34. A 35.B36.C 37. D 38. D 39 B 40. B41.C 42.B 43.B 44.C 45.D46 D 47.B 48.B 49. D 50.AII.51. The expulsion of the English from France is a blessing for both countries: the superior size and wealth of France would certainly have hindered the development of a separate English national identity, while French national identity was hindered so long as a foreign power occupied so much French territory.52. Generally speaking, Elizabeth was able to work with Parliament, but the relationship was often turbulent. (Parliament wished its customary right of free speech confirmed in writing; and it wanted to be allowed to start discussion of important questions at will, not by invitation. Elizabeth would not permit either thing.)53. It consists of the Sovereign, the House of Lords and the House of Commons.54. In 1920s, Black Literature developed into an upsurge which has come to be known as the Harlem Renaissance.55. They are the Democratic Party and the Republican Party.56. The examples are: the Red Scare in 1919 and 1920, the death sentence of Sacco and Vanzetti, and the revival and growth of the Ku Klux Klan.57. It is a semicircular band of rocky highlands and plateaus around Hundon Bay from the northern shores of Quebec to the Arctic shores of the Northwest Territories. It isa region of rounded hills, tens of thousands of lakes and swamp.58. It refers to an area with red-brown and tan soils in the heart of the country.59. They are the Waikato and the Wanganui.60. The weather of Ireland is described as “ mild, moist and changeable.”。

英语国家概况(下)模拟题3

英语国家概况（下）模拟题3I. Directions:There are 20 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the correct answer to each of the questions and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)1. The United States was rated _____ in the world in terms of land area and the size of population.A. secondB. thirdC. fourthD. fifth2. The New Deal was started by _________.A.J.F. KennedyB.Franklin RooseveltC.George WashingtonD.Thomas Jefferson3. Which of the following is the only branch that can make federal laws, and levy federal taxes?A. The executiveB. The legislativeC. The judicialD. The president4. Which of the following in NOT regarded as one of the three basic religious beliefs?A. ProtestantB. JudaismC. IslamicD. Catholic5. “No taxation without representation” was the rallying cry of __________.A.The settlers of VirginiaB.The people of PennsylvaniaC.The colonists in New EnglandD.The people of the 13 colonies on the eve of the American Revolution6. _________ was mainly interested in writing about Americans living in Europe.A. William Dean HowellsB. Henry JamesC. Mark TwainD. Stephen Crane7. In the United States school systems, which of the following divisions is true?A.Elementary school, grammar school.B.Elementary school, junior high schoolC.Elementary school, secondary schoolD. Junior high school, senior high school8. Both public and private universities depend on the following sources of incomeexcept_________.A. student tuitionB. government fundingC. investmentD. endowments9. Due to his firm belief in nonviolent peaceful protest in the spirit of India’s leader Gandhi, ______ was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964.A. Ella BakerB. Martin Luther King, Jr.C. John F. KennedyD. James Farmer10. Which of the following is NOT true?A.Slavery was mainly in the South.B.Racial discrimination existed throughout the United States in American history.C.Racial segregation after the Civil War existed only in the South.D.Racial segregation existed throughout the U.S. after the Civil War.11. Which of the following does NOT belong to the White-collar crime?A. robberyB. briberyC. false advertisingD. tax evasion12. Which invention marked the beginning of “The Age of Visual Information”?A. newspaperB. telegraphC. laundry machineD. television13. The State of California is on _________.A. the Atlantic CoastB. the Gulf of MexicoC. the Pacific CoastD. Caribbean Sea14. The one group within the counter culture best known for their pursuit of happiness as their only goal in life was called___________.A.the “Beat Generation”B. the “Lost Generation”C. th e “Me Generation”D. the “Hippies”15. Three of the following factors contribute to the higher arrest rates among minority groups. Which is the exception?A. The aggressive nature of these groups.B.Racial prejudice against them.C. Low social status of these groups.D. Poverty and unemployment among minority groups.16. Drug abuse in the United States is a social problem because it has a wide range of social costs. Which of the following is NOT a dysfunction caused by drug abuse?A. There is a strong association between drug use and crime.B. Drug dependence takes a significant toll in terms of personal health and safety.C. Drug abuse is a major cause of unemployment.D. There are great economic losses because of drug abuse.17. In January 1965, Presiden t Johnson declared “___________” to eliminate poverty “by opening to everyone the opportunity to live in decency and dignity.”A.New Frontier programB.War against JapanC.War against povertyD.War against Vietnam18. What is the other official language besides English in Canada?A. FrenchB. GermanC. JapaneseD. Finnish19. Who is the most influential person in the Canadian government?A. A Cabinet MinisterB. The Governor GeneralC. The QueenD. The Prime Minister20. Which of the following is true?A.The Queen is the official head of state.B. She is a member of the Cabinet.C. She is a symbol of Canada.D. She is a symbol of parliamentary democracy.Ⅱ.Explain each of the following 6 out of 8. Write your answer at the appropriate place on the ANSWER SHEET (30%, 5 points for each)21. a federal system22. The "Beat Generation"23. service industries24. Three Faiths in the U.S.25. The naturalists26. Disneyland27. NBA28. Martin Luther King, Jr.。

英语国家概况模拟试题三

英语国家概况模拟试题三一、单项选择题1、The only surviving large mammals are ___ .A、red deer and wolvesB、boars and wolvesC、roe deer and boarsD、red deer and roe deer2、The Anglo-Saxons brought ______ religion to Britain.A、DruidismB、Roman CatholicC、TeutonicD、Christian3、The Independent Labor Party was led by ___ .A、Jeremy BenthamB、James CookC、Abel TasmanD、Keir Hardie4、On ___ , Queen Elizabeth II approved a same-sex marriage bill..A、April 29, 2011B、July 7, 2012C、July 17, 2013D、August 17, 20125、The poverty line in the UKis commonly defined as being __________ of the median household income.A、50%B、65%C、55%D、60%6、____ prepare them for higher education.A、Grammar schoolsB、Secondary modern schoolsC、Private schoolsD、Higher schools7、The modern game of ____ is generally accepted to have originated inEngland.A、swimmingB、footballC、skiingD、diving8、In ______ , figure skater MadgeCave Syers became the first female athleteto win a medal in the Winter Olympic Games.A、1896B、1908C、1948D、19209、The UK's biggest-selling newspaper is _______ .A、the Daily MailB、the Daily TelegraphC、the Daily MirrorD、the Sun10、The rivers that descend from the eastern slopes of the Rockies flowintoA、the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf of MexicoB、the Gulf of California and the MississippiC、the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf of CaliforniaD、the Mississippi and the Gulf of Mexico11、Between 1980 and 1989, the South and West of the United States added million people through net migration.A、B、C、D、12、The ____ founded their first permanent settlement on the continentat Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607.A、EnglishB、SpanishC、DutchD、Portuguese13、State governments have the power to make laws for all citizens that arenot granted to the federal government or denied to the states in the US Constitution. These include ___________________ , and most crimes.A、education, family law, constitutionB、education, family law, contract lawC、education, constitution, contract lawD、family law, constitution, contract law14、In December _____ , the Senate condemned McCarthy for certainimproper, extreme behavior.A、1955B、1956C、1953D、195415、Vietnam got independence in ___ .A、1945B、1944C、1943D、194616、By ___ Champlain had reached Quebec.A、1605B、1606C、1607D、160817、The Constitution Act assigns specific responsibilities to the provincesand reserves all others for ___ .A、the federal governmentB、the presidentC、the representativeD、the monarch18、Pennsylvania was established by ___ .A、Separatist CongregationalistsB、QuakersC、Roman CatholicsD、Puritans19、____ is a four-time winner of the Pulitzer Prize for drama and theonly American playwright to win the Nobel Prize for literature.A、O'NeillB、Henry JamesC、Walt WhitmanD、James Fenimore Cooper20、To a lesser degree in the early ____ century, film types that werepreviously considered to have only a minor presence in the mainstream marketmovie began to arise as more potent American box office draws.A、20tyC、18th21、____ is observed on the last Monday of May.A、Martin Luther King, Jr. DayB、Washington's BirthdayC、Memorial DayD、Independence Day22、Canada covers about ____ of the North American continent.A、a halfB、a thirdC、a quarterD、two fifths23、_____ is the floral symbol of Australia and is celebrated on National Wattle Day each year on September 1.A、Eucalyptus treesB、Maple treeC、Dahurian larchD、The golden wattle24、The average maximum temperature in ____ is 23 °C in summer, 14 °C inwinter.A、DunedinB、AucklandC、Christchurch。

英语国家概况练习题

英语国家概况练习题《英语国家概况》英国部分练习题（1-2章）第一章 Land and People 考题I. Different Names for Britain and its Parts：1. The British Isles are made up of________ A. two large islands and hundreds of small ones B. two large islands and Northern Ireland C. three large islands and hundreds of small ones D. three large islands and Northern Ireland2. There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain. They are_______A. Britain， Scotland and WalesB. England， Scotland and WalesC. Britain， Scotland and IrelandD. England， Scotland and Ireland3. The Commonwealth of Nations is an association of independent countries______A. that have a large number of British immigrantsB. that fought on the side of Britain in the two world warsC. that speak English as their native languageD. that were once colonies of Britain4. About a hundred years ago， as a result of imperialist expansion，Britain ruled an empire that had one fourth of the world's people and ______of the world's land area.A. one thirdB. one fifthC. one fourthD. two fifths答案：选择： 1.A 2.B 3.D 4.C1. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.2. 1949，Dublin 简答1.What are the differences between Britain and the British Isles，Great Britain， England， the United Kingdom and the British Commonwealth？The British Isles， Great Britain and England are geographical names，no the official names of the country， while the official name is the United Kingdom， but the full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The British Commonwealth is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. 2. Describe the geographical position of Britain？Britain is an island country. It lies in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe. It is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the south and the North Sea in the east.3.Whereabouts in Great Britain are mostly highland and lowland？ The north and west of Britain are mainly highland， while the south and south-east are mostly lowlands.4. Does Britain have a favorable climate？ Why？Yes， it has a favorable climate， because it has a maritime type of climate——winters are mild， not too cold and summers are cool， not too hot. It has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole year. It has a small range of temperature， too.5. What are the factors which influence the climate in Britain？ Which part of Britain has the most rainfall and which part is the driest？ The factors which influence the climate in Britain are the following three： 1） The surrounding waters balance the seasonal differences； 2） The prevailing south-west winds bring warm and wet air in winter and keep the temperatures moderate；3） The North Atlantic Drift， a warm current， passes the western coast of the British Isles and warms them.The northwestern part has the most rainfall， while the south-eastern corner is the driest.6. Describe the distribution of Britain's population.Britain has a population of 57 million. It is densely populated， with an average of 237people per square kilometer. It is also very unevenly distributed， with 90%of the population in urban areas， 10% in rural areas. Geographically， most British people live in England. Of the total of 57 million people， 47 million live in England； 14 million live in London and Southeastern England.7. What are the three natural zones in Scotland？The three natural zones in Scotland are： the Highlands in the north，the central Lowlands， and the southern Uplands.8. What is the difference between the ancestors of the English and Scots， Welsh and Irish？The ancestors of the English are Anglo-Saxons， while the Scots， Welsh and rash are Celts.9. What are the differences in character and speech between southern England and northern England？ How do the Welsh keep their language and culture alive？The Welsh are emotional and cheerful people. The Scots are hospitable，generous and friendly. Irish are known for their charm and vivacity as well as for the beauty of their Irish girls. Throughout the year they have festivals of song and dance and poetry called Eisteddfodau. On these occasions competitions are held in Welsh poetry， music， singing and art and in this way they keep the Welsh language and Welsh culture alive. 10. What is the main problem in Northern Ireland？Hundreds of years ago Scots and English Protestants were sent to live in Northern Ireland. Since then there has been bitter fighting between the Protestants and the Roman Catholics. The former are the dominantgroup， while the latter are seeking more social， political and economic opportunities. The British Government and the government of Ireland are now working together to bring peace to Northern Ireland.Arrival and settlement of the CeltsBasis of modern English race： the Anglo-Saxons The Viking and Danish invasions King Alfred and his contributions The Norman Conquest and its consequences1 The earliest invasion of England is that by _____.A. the IberianB. the DanesC. the CeltsD. the Anglo-Saxons2 the Celts religion was _____.A. ChristianityB. DruidismC. Norman beliefD. Roman Catholic3 the Anglo-Saxons brought _____ religion to Britain. A. Christian B. Druid C. Roman Catholic D. Teutonic4 The Anglo-Saxons established _____ system， whereby the lord of the manor collected taxes and organized the local army.A. salveB. feudalC. manorial（采邑制度）D. Capitalistic5. The Anglo-Saxons created the _____ to advise the king， the basis of the Privy Council.A. SynodB. Witan（议会）C. Whit byD. Shirt court6. ______ was known as “the father of the British navy”。

《英语国家概况》试卷.docx

F ----- 1 .People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country・T ----- 2.The Severn River is the longest river of Britain ,which originates in Wales and flows through western England.F ----- 3.Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language・F ----- .In terms of population and area,Northern Ireland is the second largest part of Britain.F ----- 5.Although the climate in Britain is generally mild ,the temperature in northern Scotlandoften falls bellow-10°C in January.T ----- .The majority of the people in Britain are descendants of the Anglo-Saxons.T ----- 7.The Celtic people were the earliest known in habitants of Britain.T ----- &English evolved into what is now described as Modern English from the late 16th century. T ----- l.Birtish history before 55 BC is basically undocumented・T ----- 2.The Anglo Saxon came to Britain in the 5th century・F ----- 3.The chief or king of the Anglo Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.T ----- .The Viking began to attack the English coast in the 8th century.T ----- 5.Henry II built up a large empire which included England and most of france・F ----- 6.The Magana Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class andtownspeople.F ----- 7.The Hundred Years "War was a series of wars fought between the British and the Vikingsfor trade and territory.T ----- 8.In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions,Queen ElizabethI actually defended the fruit the Reformation.T ----- l・Conventions are regarded less important than the statutory law in the working of the England government.F ----- 2.The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history・F ----- 3.In reality,the British King or Queen is the house of all government powers.F ----- .The British Parliament is the law making body of the Commonwealth of Nations.F ----- 5.The members of the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected・T ----- .The British Prime Minister is the leader of the minority party in Parliament.F ----- 7.Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties inParliament.T ----- S.The legal systems in England .Wales,Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similar in terms of law,orgalizations and practice.T ----- 1 .Britain was the first industrialized nation in the world•T ----- 2.The British economy experienced a relative decline during the postwar period.F ----- 3.Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent.F ----- .Thatcher^ revolution turned out to be agreat success in dealing with all the Britisheconomic and social problems.T ----- 5.The economic approach adopted by Tony Blair was different from that of the old Labor Party and the Conservetive Party.T ----- 6.Blair made the Bank of England independent in oder to separate politics from economic policy.F ----- 7.Britain is an important oil exporter since its oil industry has a long history・T ----- 8.Nuclear power is one of the major energy sources in Britain.- 1.The Britain government has been responsible for education since the early 1800s.F-F ----- cation inBritain is compulsory for all children between the ages of 6 and 15.F ----- 3.The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the states system and the independentsystem.T ----- .When children finish their schooling at 16,they are required to take a national GCSE examinatio n・T ----- 5.Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enter famous universities than those from in dependent schools.F ----- 6.The Times is the world oldest Sunday newspapers.F ----- 7.The BBC World Service broadcast only in English throughout the world.T ----- & Some British holidays are celebrated to mark important events in the Christian calendar,and some others are related to local customs and traditions.F ----- l.The Canterbury Tales is representative work of the old English period・T ----- 2.The Renaissance is characterized by admiration of the Greek and Latin classic works.T ----- 3.As a great English peot^Alexander Pope also translated Horner^ Iliad・F ----- .Jhonathan Swift is probably the foremost prose satirist in the English language,andRobinson Crusoe is his masterpiece.F ----- 5.William Wordsworth amd Sumuel Taylor Colerdge brought the Romantic Movement to itsheight.F ----- 6.Lord Byron distinguished himself by the musical quality of his short poems,such a s “Odeto the West Winds”.F ----- 7.Jane Austen is a well known novelist of the stream of consciousness school.T ----- 8.Joseph Conrad is classified as a forerunner of Modernism,which prevailed before World War II.F ----- l.The eastern highlands formed by the Appalachian Range hold one-third of the country'scontinental territory.T ----- 2.The climate in the United States can be classified as temperate, with some mild subtropical and tropical zones.T ----- 3. A 50-centimeter rainfall line runs through the middle of the United States.T ----- .New York is composed of five boroughs, in eluding Man hatta n, Brooklyn, the Bronx，Staten Island and Queens・F ----- 5.San Francisco is the second largest city after New York and the world-famous Hollywoodis located here.T ----- ・During the 1830s and the 1840s, many Northern Europeans and Irish immigrants came to America.T ----- 7. Almost half of the immigrants coming to the United States in the 1980s were Asians.T ----- 8.Basic American cultural values are freedom, equality and desire to work hard for a higher standard of living・T ----- 1.American was named after Amerigo Vespucci,who arrived on the new continent after Columbus.F ----- 2.The Second Continental Congress was held in Fhiadelphia.and the Continental Army andNavy was established under the command of Thomas Jerfferson.T ----- 3.The Amemrican Civil War not only put an end to slavery,but also make American a single,indivisible nation.F ----- 4.Most American people approved of the Vietnam War.T ----- 5.In 1990,American troops and the troops from allied nations took joint military action in order to drive Iraqi troops out of Kuwait.F ----- 6.According to the American government,Saddam Hussein and Osama bin Laden wereresponsible for the terrorist event on Septemblel 1,2001.T ----- 7.The Bush administration regarded Iraq a nation among the “axis of the evil：F ----- 8.On March 20,2003.American and United Nations9troops, supposed by several othercountries,began an invasion of Iraq.F ----- l.The Bill of Right was written into the Constitution in 1787.T ----- 2.The form of the American government is based on three main principles: federalism, the separation of powers and respect for the Constitution and rule of law.F ----- 3.The US Congress consists of two houses: the House of Commons and the House of Lords. T ----- .The judicial branch of the US federal govemmenl consists of a series of courts: the supreme court, the courts of appeals and the district courts.F ----- 5.The Democratic Party is conservative in terms of its ideology・T ----- .The American presidential campaigns adhere to the 44winner-takes-air, practice.F ----- 7.The American foreign policy throughout World War 2 was neutrality.T ----- &The American foreign policy during the Cold War period was containment and interventio n.T ----- 1 .America is the world's largest industrial nation.T ----- 2.1n the US Constitution ,the recognition of the importanee of 'intellectual property5 could be identified・F ----- 3.Although slavery was abolished as a result of the Civil War, the owners of plantations inthe South made more profits from selling their agricultural products.F ----- 4. President Roosevelt's New Deal had little effect in dealing with the economic crisis in theearly 1930sF ----- 5. The 1960s was a period of consolidation for the American business.T ----- • American agriculture exports outweigh imports, leaving a surplus in the agricultural balance of trade.T ----- 7. Auto production is one of the important sectors in American manufacturing industry.F ----- 8. The growth and decline of the American foreign trade has little to do with the worldeconom y.T ----- 1. Education is governed by state and local governments instead of the national government in America.T ----- 2. All American children are offered 12 years of compulsory public education.F ----- 3. After 12 years o schooling, American students receive a bachelor^ degree upongraduation ・T ----- . When selecting a college or university, students have a great concern for its size, location and academic quality.T ----- ually,an undergraduate student has to earn at least 120 credits to receive a degree・F ----- 6. Outstanding graduates of Yale university include President Wilson and more than 80senators ・F ----- 7.It is The New York Times that first uncovered the Watergate Scandal in 1972.F ----- & Thanksgiving Day falls on the fourth Tuesday in Novembe匚I .Walt Whitman introduced great innovations to American literature ,and devised a poeticstyle , free verse ・F ----- 2.Emily Dickinson's poems are usually long , exploring the inner life of the individual.F ----- 3.Stephen Crane is famous for his writings about the meeting of America and Europe .T ----- .Ezra Pound leads the School of Imagism , which advocates a clear , highly visual presentation .T ----- 5.Jack Kerouac's On the Road is a representative work of the Beat Writers・T ----- 6.Alice Walker was passionate about the civil rights movements and the women's movement of 1960s , and The Color Purple is her masterpiece .F ----- 7.America's most renowned playwright is Tennessee Williams , and his plays are highlyexperimental in form and style ・T ----- 8.Arthur Miller is concerned with the conflicts of the individual within society , and Death of a Salesman is his masterpiece .II .Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements^1.The two main islands of the British Isles are -----A.Great Britain and IrelandB.Edinburgh3・ Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, ----- is the smallest.D.Northern Ireland4.English belongs to the ------ g roup of the Indo-European family of languages.C.Germantic5・ The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of ------------- w ords to English ・tin and Greek6.The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the ---- i nfluence・A.Norman7・ Samuel Joh nsorfs dicti onary was in flue ntial in establishing a stan dard form of -- ・C.spelling8. At present,nearly ------- of the world's populations communicate in English.C.one third1 ・ The ---- a ttack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410・D.Germanic2.By the late 7th century, ----- became the dominant religion in England・D. Roman Christianity3.The ----- m arked the establishment of feudualism in England・C.Norman Conquest4.The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of -----C. the House of Tudor5・ The direct cause ofor the Reformation was King Henry Vlll's effort to ---- ・A.divorce his wife6.The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between -----B.the Royalist and the Parliamentarianwas passed after the Glorious Revolution.7.A.The Bill of Rights8・ The Industrail Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of the ------ entury.C.19th1.The British government is characterized by a division of powers between three of thefollowing branchs EXCEPT the ----- .C.monarchy2.The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on ---- .D.p ublic attitude3.As a revising chamber ,the House of Lords is expected to ----- the House of Commons.B.c omplement4.------- i s at the center of the British political system.A.The Cabinet5・ The main duty of the British Privy Council is to ------ ・B.give advice6.Generally speaking,the British Parliament operates on a ----- s ystem.B.two party7.The politices of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism and ---- ・D.a belief in individualiam& In Britain,the parliamentary general election is held every ------ years.C.five1.The ------in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain.A.oil crisis2.Of the following practices, ----- id not belong to Thatcher's social welfare reform.C.reducing unemployment3.The Blair government was successful in the following aspect EXPECT ----- ・D.reducing inequality4.Britain has devoted about ----- f its land area to agriculture.C.70%5.Britain^ important fishing areas include all the following EXCEPT ------ ・D.the sea area between Britain and Ireland6.Coal mining industry in Britain provides ----- the energy consumed in the country.B.one fourth7.The car industry in Britain is mostly ----- .A.foreign owned8.Of the following sectors in Britain, ----- h as experienced spectacular growth since the end ofthe World War II.C.the service sector1.In Britain,the division between granuner schools and vocational schools was ended by the introduction of comprehensive schools in the ------ ・D.1960s2.Over ------of British children receive primary and secondary education through theindependent system.C.7%3.Partially funded by central government grants,most of the British universities receive theremaining funds from all the following sources EXCEPT ----- ・B」o ans4.To be admitted to the Open University, one needs ----- .B.no educational qualifications5・ Among Britain's quality press,the following newspapers are regarded as the "Big Three^EXCEPT——.C.The Observer6.Life On Earth is a kind of ----- program produced by the BBC is popular worldwide.C.documentary7.----- is Britain^ top pay television provider.D.BSkyB& The following Christmas traditions are particukirly British EXCEPT ---- .A.Trooping the Color1.The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance is ---- ・B.drama2.----- is viewed as Romantic poetry's "Declaration of independence^.C.The preface to Lyrical Ballads3・Of DickerTs novels, --- i s considered most autobiographical.B.Davied Copperfied4.----- is a representative of English Critical Realism in the turn of the 19th century.D.T homas Hardy5.Of the following books, ----- is NOT written by Thomas Hardy.C.Adam Bede6.----- is not included in the modernist group.A.O scar Wilde7.Of the following writers, ------ is NOT a Nobel Prize winner.B James Joyce8.Waiting for Godot is written by ----- ・A.Samuel BeckettB 1. The U.S. lies in ——North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, theAtlantic to its ——and the Pacific to its -- .A.northem, east, westB. central, east, westC. southern, west, eastD. western，west, eastC 2. The continental United States has ------ states.A.50B.49C. 48D. 35A 3. The state of ------- is the largest in area of all the U.S・ states.A.AlaskaB. HawaiiC. TexasD. FloridaB 4. The longest river in the U.S. is -------A.the Missouri RiverB. the Mississippi RiverC. the Ohio RiverD. the Lake ItascaC 5・ Some of the world-famous universities like Harvard, Yale and MIT are located in——・A. the SouthB. the WestC. New EnglandD. the MidwestD 6. San Francisco, Los Angeles and San Diego all belong to ——A. MontanaB. UtahC. MaineD. CaliforniaA 7. The Immigration Act of 1924 restricted further immigration into the United States,particularly from ------ .A. EuropeB. AsiaC.AfricaD. South AmericaD 8. The characteristics of the dominant American culture are一-A. English-speaking, Northern European, Roman Catholic and middle-classB・ English-speaking, Western European, Roman Catholic and upper-classC・ English-speaking, Northern European, Protestant and upper-classD.English-speaking, Western European, Protestant and middle-classC 1. The first successful English conoly in North America was founded at ------- in ----- .A Jamestown,Louisiana B・ Boston, MassachusettsC.Jamestown,VirginiaD.Plymouth.GergiaC 2. The Seven Years。

英语国家概况模拟试卷

英语国家概况模拟试卷英语专业《英语国家文化（I）》模拟练习卷1. European culture is made up of many elements, which have gone through changes over the centuries. Two of these elements are considered to be more enduring and they are: the Greco-Roman element, and the Judeo-Christian element.2. Around the 6th century AD, British Celts displaced from Glasgow and occupied the area around what is now Edinburgh.3. The island of Great Britain includes 3 constituent countries: England, Scotland and Wales.4. The Good Friday Agreement assures that the Dublin government was able to make representations to the British government on matters affecting the northern Catholic minority.5. “Ulster”, referring to Northern Ireland, was once an ancient Irish Kingdom.6. As the king in theory had God on his side, it was thought that he should exercise absolute power.7. The term “parliament” was first officially used in 1066 to describe the gathering of feudal barons and representatives from counties and town.8. There are three major national parties in the UK: Labor, Conservatives, and Liberal Democrats.9. The purpose of British education is not only to provide children with literacy and the other basic skills but also to socialize children.10. The southeast of England is the best agricultural land in Briatin.1. In the history of the UK, who is the hero against invaders by English people?A. King Arthur against Anglo-Saxons, the forefather of today’s English people.B. Alfred the Great against V ikings from Scandinavia in the Central Europe.C. William Wallace against King Edward the first.D. Llywelyn against King Edward the first.2. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Wales was invaded by the Romans.B. Wales was occupied by the Anglo-Saxons.C. Wales was threatened by the English.D. Wales was threatened by the Anglo-Saxons. 3. How many counties are there in Northern Ireland?A. 26B. 6C. 32D. 84. In 1969, the first British soldiers were seen on Northern Ireland Street. They came first ___.A. to protect CatholicsB. to maintain traffic order in Northern IrelandC. to protect ProtestantsD. to place the Royal Ulster since they were unable to keep social order5. Under whose reign was the Bill of Rights passed?A. James IIB. William of OrangeC. Oliver CromwellD. George I6. Which of the following is NOT related to the Constitution?A. UK constitution is unwritten.B. It is made up of Act of Parliament, Common laws, Equity laws and European Community legislation.C. Prime Minister summons and dissolves Parliament.D. Queen must assent to Bills passed by Parliament7. Which government lost a vote of no confidence and was forced to resign in 1979?A. the Conservative governmentB. the Liberal governmentC. the Labor governmentD. the radical government8. Which of the following party adopts a “fatherly” sense of obligation to poorer people in the society?A. the Conservative PartyB. the Liberal PartyC. t he Party of WalesD. the Labor Party9. Which of the following about British economy is true?A. UK is still the world factory although it declined absolutely.B. British government did not elect to transit to Euro and instead retained the pound as its currency.C. Except for coal, natural gas, and oil, the UK has few natural resources.D. The best agricultural land in Britain is in the southwest of England.10. Which of the following is true about present UK’s schools?A. The minority of the students attend schools wholly or partly supported with public funds.B. Private school means good quality of education, better universities and better jobs for the wealthiermiddle class.C. “Public schools” in the UK are part of the national educational system and most of students attendthe public schools.D. In the UK those who pass the GNVQs exams will go to university.得分评卷人复核人I. Decide whether the following statements is true(T) or false (F). (1 point each, 10 points)得分评卷人复核人II. Choose the answer that best completes the statementor answers the question. (1 point each, 20 points)得分评卷人复核人III. Read the following statements and fill in theblanks. (1 point each, 20 points)1. In 1066, William Normandy crossed the English Channel and defeated an English army under _____. This marks the last time that an army from outside Britain succeeded in invading.2. In 1314, the Scots defeated English army under the leadership of Robert Bruce at the Battle of _____ and won the independence of Scotland for 300 years.3. To pursue Irish independence, the most spectacular event in the Irish history was of 1916, in which the rebels took over Dublin’s Post Office, forcing the British to retake it by military means.4. The Home Rule Bill was finally passed in _____, but the process was overtaken by the WWI and was suspended for the duration of the war.5. The most important function of the Parliament is to ______.6._____, the ancestor of the present Queen, Elizabeth II, unitedEngland under his rule in 829.7. The Bill of Rights was passed in 1689 to ensure that the King would never be able to ignore _____.8. _____ was established by the Labor government in 1948, providing health care for all the people.9. The immigrants have problems of unemployment, under-representation in politics and unfair treatment by police and by the _____ system.10. Periodic national elections are very important in the western model of _____.1. The Provisional IRA2. The House of Lords3. V ote of No Confidence4. The Open UniversityDirections: Write a short essay after reading the following article. In the first part of your writing, you should summarize the characteristics of UK population. In the second part, you should explain some related concepts about it with the knowledge you learned in the Course.Britain’s predominant historical stock is called Anglo-Saxon. Germanic peoples from Europe—the Angles, the Saxons, and the Jutes—arrived in Britain in massive numbers between the 5th and 7th centuries AD. These people tended to be tall, blond, and blue-eyed. Their language became the foundation of the basic, short, everyday words in modern English. These groups invaded and overwhelmed Roman Britain, choosing to settle on the plains of England because of the mild climate and good soils. Native Britons fought the great flood of Germanic peoples, and many Britons who survived fled west to the hill country. These refugees and native Britons were Celts who had absorbed the earliestpeoples on the island, the prehistoric people known as Iberians. Celts tended to be shorter than Anglo-Saxons and have rounder heads. Most had darker hair, but a strikingly high percentage of Celts had red hair.After the Anglo-Saxon conquest, the Celts remained in Wales, Scotland, Ireland, and the West Country (the southwestern peninsula of Britain), where Celtic languages are still used to some extent and Celtic culture is still celebrated. This geographic separation between the Germanic Anglo-Saxons and the Celts has broken down over the centuries as people have migrated and intermarried.A substantial number of Scandinavians raided and settled in Great Britain and Ireland during the 9th century. By then the Anglo-Saxons had established agricultural and Christian communities, and eventually they succeeded in subduing and integrating the Scandinavians into their kingdoms. In 1066 the Normans, French-speaking invaders of Norse origin, conquered England, adding yet another ethnic component. Although the Normans were the last major group to add their stock to the British population, waves of other foreigners and refugees have immigrated to Britain for religious, political, and economic reasons. Protestant French sought refuge in the 17th century, sailors of African ancestry came in the 18th century, and Jews from central and Eastern Europe immigrated in the late 19th century and during the 1930s and late 1940s.Most British people attribute their origins to the early invaders, calling themselves English, Scottish, Irish, Welsh, or Ulsterites. The Ulsterites are an ethnically controversial group—some claim they are Scottish and others identify themselves as Protestant Irish. The remaining share of the population areminorities who arrived, for the most part, in the decades following the end of World War II in 1945.These minorities—Chinese, Asian Indians, Pakistanis, Africans, and Caribbean people of African ancestry—came to Britain in substantial numbers after 1945. Immigration from the South Asian subcontinent (India and Pakistan) stabilized in the 1990s, but immigration from African countries continued to rise. By the late 1990s more than half of the people in these categories had been born in the United Kingdom. These newer ethnic groups tend to live in the more urban and industrial areas of England, especially in London, Birmingham, and Leeds. It is estimated that 60 percent of black Britons live in the London area, along with 41 percent of the Asian Indian population.得分评卷人复核人IV. Tell what you know about the following in yourown words. (5points each, 20 points)得分评卷人复核人V. Essay writing. (30 points)Although population censuses have been taken in the United Kingdom every decade since 1801, the 1991 census was the first to include a question on ethnic origin. More than 94 percent of the population is described as white. According to the most recent estimates, based on 1994 statistics, Asian Indians make up 1.5 percent of the British population; Pakistanis, 0.9 percent; Bangladeshis, 0.3 percent; Chinese, 0.3 percent; Caribbeans, 0.08 percent; and Africans, 0.03 percent.Irish immigration to Britain is unique. The Irish have migrated to Great Britain for centuries and continue to do so. If their descendants are included along with the 2.4 percent counted as ethnic Irish living in Great Britain today, they form a large component of the British population. Originally the Irishmigrated to Britain to perform hard labor, such as building the railroads, but in recent years college graduates with high-tech skills are making up a higher percentage of Irish immigrants. Some live in largely Irish communities and others are quickly and completely absorbed into mainstream society. All children born to Irish parents in Britain are called British. Any citizen of Ireland who settles in Britain automatically has British citizenship.The United Kingdom is generally a prosperous, well-educated, and tolerant society, and ethnic differences have sparked relatively little violence and hostility. Even so, black and Asian populations tend to cluster in certain urban neighborhoods, where economic and social disadvantages have become pronounced. There was significant rioting in the 1980s, which was attributed to several causes. One factor was tension between the predominantly white police force and the poorest ethnic communities. Another was competition between unskilled whites and unskilled workers from ethnic minorities. Still another factor was the resentment by white middle-class businesspeople, particularly smaller shopkeepers, of the keen competition presented by Asians, who tend to work long hours and have support from family members and members of their own ethnic community in running their businesses.Many individuals from ethnic minorities hold managerial and professional positions, and several sit in Parliament. Local and national government programs exist to seek fairness and justice for ethnic minorities. Educational programs and the law bolster equal opportunity. The Race Relations Act of 1976 makes it illegal to discriminate against any person because of race, color, nationality, or origin, and it is a criminal offense to incite racial hatred.From the 18th century until well into the 19th century, Britain’s population soared as the death rate dropped and the birth rate remained high. During this period the total population increased from approximately 6 million in the 1760s to 26 million in the 1870s. Toward the end of the 19th century and into the 20th century the birth rate stabilized and the death rate remained low. The population took on the characteristics of a modern, developed, and prosperous state. Family size decreased and the median age of the population rose. Compared to the rest of the world, the UK has a smaller percentage of younger people and a higher percentage of older people, with 20.5 percent over the age of 60; those under the age of 15 years make up only 19.5 percent of the population. Life expectancy in 2005 was 76 years for men and 81 years for women. The British government has more strictly controlled immigration in recent decades, and emigration has continued steadily. Nevertheless, the population of the UK is expected to continue growing slowly.The United Kingdom has a population of 60,441,457 (2005 estimate), with an average population density of 250 persons per sq km (648 per sq mi). The population density of the United Kingdom is one of the highest in the world, exceeding most Asian and European nations. England is the most populated part of the United Kingdom, with 49,855,700 people (2003), which means more than four-fifths of the United Kingdom’s population resides in England. It is also the most densely populated portion of the United Kingdom, with a population density of 382 persons per sq km (990 per sq mi). Scotland possesses 5,057,400 people, and a population density of 64 persons per sq km (166 per sq mi). Wales has 2,938,000 people, with a population density of 142 persons per sq km (367 per sq mi). Northern Ireland’spopulation is 1,702,600, and it has 120 persons per sq k m (311 per sq mi).Britain’s population is overwhelmingly urban, with 88.9 percent living in urban areas and 11.1 percent living in rural areas. The Industrial Revolution built up major urban areas, and most of Britain’s people live in and around them to th is day. England’s population is densest in the London area, around Birmingham and Coventry in the Midlands, and in northern England near the old industrial centers of Leeds, Sheffield, Manchester, Liverpool, and Newcastle upon Tyne. In the 1980s and 1990s southern England, particularly the southeast, became a center of population growth, due in large part to the growth of the high-tech and service sectors of the economy.The population of Greater London is about 7 million (1995 estimate), making it by far the most populous city in the United Kingdom. It is the seat of government, center of business, and the heart of arts and culture. Birmingham is the second largest city, with 976,400 people. Other large cities in the United Kingdom include Leeds with 715,500, Glasgow with 578,700, and Sheffield with 513,100. Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland, has a population of about 449,000; Cardiff, the capital of Wales, has 305,200 people; and Belfast, the capital of Northern Ireland, has a population of 277,200..。

英语国家概况课程习题(附答案)

英语国家概况课程习题(附答案)英语国家概况课程习题英语国家概况（1）模拟试题1I. Fill in the blanks:1. Britain consists of _4___ nations, including England,_Scotland____,_Wales______ and Northern Ireland______.2. The Anglo-Saxons began to settle in Britain in __5th______ century.3. The capital of Britain is ___London___ which has great influence on the UK inall fields including______government_, _finance______ and __culture_____4. The capital of Scotland is _Edinburgh_____, which is well-known for itsnatural5. _Egbert______, the ancestor of the present Queen, Elizabeth 11, united Englandunder his rule in 829.6. In Britain, the official head of state is the Queen_______ while the real centre ofpolitical life is in the House of Commoms______7. The British Constitution consists of _statute law______, __common law_____,and ___conventions____.8. The most important function of the Parliament is to ___pass laws____._______,9. Strictly speaking, the Parliament today consists of the Queen _______, theHouse of Lords_______and the House of Commons_______.10. Life peers should be nominated by _the Prime Minister______ and appointedby _the sovereign______.11. The UK is divided into __651_____ constituencies with each of themrepresented by a member in _the parliment________12. The party which wins the majority seats in parliament forms _thegoverment______and its party leader becomes _prime minister________13. Normally, a government can be in power for __5_____ years, and then it has toresign and hold a general election.14. There are three major parties in the UK: _the Conservative__Party____ theLiberal ANDDemocratic party_______ and the LabourParty_______.15. From 1979 to 1997, ___the _Conservatuve Party___ won 4 consecutiveelections and was in power for quite a long time.16. The two oldest universities in Britain are__Cambridge_____ and_Oxford______.17. Australia, as the World's _*****T______ continent and .largest_______island, has a population which is__small_____ in relation to its size.18. Geologically, Australia can be divided into three parts: _the Easternhighlands______ , which is also know as the_Great DividingRange______ , and which runs almost parallel to the eastern coast from northern Queens land to southern Tasmania; the Central Eaetern lowlands_______, which extends from the Gulf of Carpentries in the north to _Eastern SouthArstralia______ and the western Victorian coast; and the Great Western Plateau, which covers most of Western Australia_______, much of the Northern Territory_______ and South Australia, and part of __Western Queenlands_____.19. New Zealand is in the ____south-west Pacific___ Ocean. ___Australia____ is itsnearest neighbour. The __North Island_____ and the __South Island_____ are its two main land masses. They are separated by __Cook Strait_____20. The Head of State of New Zealand is _Queen Elizabeth 2______. She isrepresented in New Zealand by a __Covernor-General_____ whose most important task is to call upon the leader of the _majority_party_____ to form a government after an election.21. Columbus discovered the New World in the year of _1492_______22. The first permanent settlement in North America was established in today'sVirginia_______ in the year of ___1607____23. A federal system is one in which _power______ is shared between __a centralauthority_____and its constituent parts _______with some rights reserved to each.24. The U.S. federal government consists of the following three branches: theexecutive_______, __the legislative_____ and __the judiciary_____25. The Congress is divided into the House of representatives_______ with_435______ members who serve two-year terms, _the senate_______ with_100_ lawmakers who serve six-year terms.26. Groups who try to persuade Congressmen to vote for or against a bill are knownas __lobbies_____27. The Supreme Court is composed of _one______ chief justice and 8~ associatejustices.28. "WASP, stands for _White Anglo Saxon__Protesant____.29. In area, Canada is the _second_______ country on earth.30. Canada consists of ___10_______ provinces and ____3____territories. 第一卷选择题答案BDACA BBCDD ACBCB ADACA BAABA DCCBC BBDAD BCDCC BDABB D。

北语22秋《英语国家概况(I)》作业3-辅导资料答案

【C.】Crude oil, diamonds and liquefied natural gas.
【D.】Crude oil, alumina and coal.
正确选项：A
2.The Head of State of New Zealand is _______.
【A.】the Prime Minister
【A.】正确
【B.】错误
正确选项：正确
12.The individual honored as “The Australia of the Year” is often a successful sporting hero.
【A.】正确
【B.】错误
正确选项：正确
13.Pauline set up the One Nation Party.
【B.】the North Island and the South Island
【C.】the Southern Alps and the North Island
【D.】Auckland and the South Island
正确选项：B
二、判断题 (共 10 道试题,共 50 分)
11.The House of Commons is the real centre of British political life because it is the place where elected representatives make and debate policy.
【B.】the Governor-General
【C.】the British monarch
【D.】the Ombudsman
正确选项：C
3.The Australian national day is set on January 26 to commemorate ______________.

英语国家概况练习题

英语国家概况练习题UKTrue or False1. The United Kingdom is located in northern Europe.2. The United Kingdom consists of four politicaldivisions —England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland.3. England is one of the two large islands in the BritishIsles.4. The British Isles are made up of three large islandsand hundreds of small ones.5. Wales lies on the east coast of the island of GreatBritain.6. The Commonwealth of Nations is a free associationof independent countries that all used to be colonies of Britain.7. In Scotland, rugged mountains, green valleys, anddeep, blue lakes provide some of the most beautifulscenery in Europe.8. The longest river in Britain is the Thames.9. The largest lake in Britain is the Lough Neagh innorthwest England.10. Britain’s climate is influenced by the Gulf Stream, awarm ocean current that sweeps up from theequator and flows past the British Isles.FFFFFFTFFT1. The British Isles are made up of _______.A. three large islands and hundreds of small onesB. three large islands and dozens of small onesC. two large islands and hundreds of small onesD. two large islands and dozens of small ones2. Which of the following is NOT a political division on the island of Great Britain?A. England.B. Scotland.C. Northern Ireland.D. Wales.3. Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the _______ and the North Sea in the east.A. eastB. southC. westD. north4. The Republic of Ireland was totally independent in the year _______.A. 1920B. 1945C. 1918D. 19495. The highest mountain in Britain, Ben Nevis, lies in ______.A. the HighlandsB. the Southern UplandsC. the Central LowlandsD. the Lake District6. The British Empire was replaced by the British Commonwealth or the Commonwealth of Nations in __________.A. 1921B. 1931C. 1945D. 19507. The mountain system the Pennines is often called the backbone of _______.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. Great BritainD. Ireland8. The regional capital of Northern Ireland is _______.A. GlasgowB. EdinburghC. CardiffD. BelfastCCBDABADB1. The English, the Scots, and the Welsh are Anglo-Saxons, but the Irish are Celts.2. London and England as a whole have great influence over the rest of the United Kingdom because of their large population.3. People of Indian, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi origin are the largest group of immigrants in Britain.4. Compared to the rest of the world, the UK has a smaller percentage of older people and a higher percentage of younger people.5. The Welsh language is the official language in Wales.6. Scottish Gaelic is the official language in Scotland.7. The English language is the predominant language in Northern Ireland.8. English people all strive to free themselves of regional or local accents in order to sound like educated English-speaking people.9. Social class in the UK lays more emphasis on money and property.10. Britishness is associated with political, historical, technological, sporting, and cultural achievements in Britain.FTTFTFTFFT1. The English people and the English language were born from the union of ________.A. the Angles and the SaxonsB. Romans and the Norman FrenchC. Danes or Vikings and the Norman FrenchD. Norman conquerors and the defeated Anglo-Saxons2. The first known settlers of Britain were _______.A. the IberiansB. the Beaker FolkC. the CeltsD. the Romans3. About 80,000 Scots speak Gaelic which is an ancient _________.A. Scottish languageB. English languageC. Irish languageD. Celtic language4. About three million people have migrated to Britain since World War II. They are mainly from the West Indies, India and __________.A. IndonesiaB. SingaporeC. Hong KongD. Pakistan5. In Britain _______ of the population is urban and _______ is rural.A. 90% ; 10%B. 80% ; 20%C. 70% ; 30%D. 60% ; 40%6. The ancestors of the Welsh were the ancient __________.A. CeltsB. RomansC. NormansD. Britons7. The average population density in Britain is ______ people per square kilometer.A. 250B. 370C. 800D. 5008. During the 5th century when the Roman Empire fell, the Germanic _________ invaded and conquered Britain.A. Angles and CeltsB. Angles and PictsC. Angles and BrythonsD. Angles and Saxons9. The upper class in Britain consists of the following except _________.A. peerageB. gentryC. landownersD. professionals10. “Britishness”can be reflected in the following except _________.A. Union JackB. conservativenessC. the BeatlesD. Thanksgiving DayDADDAAADDD1. The first Roman invasion took place in 43 AD, headed by the Emperor Julius Caesar.2. The name “England”derived from the Angles, one of the Germanic tribes who came to England in the 5th and 6th centuries.3. The Magna Carta defined the King’s feudal rights, preventing him from arbitrarily collecting revenue.4. The Black Death once ravaged England, carrying off three fourths of the population.5. During Edward III’s reign, the war with France known as the HundredYears’War began.6. The Wars of the Roses were in the main a great contest for Crown between the rival houses of York and Lancaster.7. Queen Mary was a follower of the Church of England and she was determined to make England once again a Protestant country8. James’son, Charles I, who succeeded him i n 1625, also thought that his right to rule was God-given.9. The establishment of the British East India Company in 1600 was a case of economic penetration.FTTFTTFTT1. In 1066 Harold and his troops fought against William’s army on Senlac field near ________.A. LondonB. NormandyC. StandfordD. Hastings2. The Plantagenet Dynasty was founded by _________.A. HenryB. Henry IIC. King JosephD. Count of Anjor3. English Reformation was carried out by _______ to change the religionin England from Catholicism to Protestantism.A. Edward VIB. Henry VIIIC. Mary ID. Elizabeth I4. King John was forced by the barons to sign the _______ which restricted the King’s power.A. Bill of RightsB. Petition of RightC. Provisions of OxfordD. Great Charter5. Simon de Montfort’s reform is considered to be the beginning of English _______.A. parliamentB. cabinetC. constitutionD. liberty6. From 1649 to 1658 England was called a Commonwealth. It was ruled first by Oliver Cromwell as _______.A. Lord ProtectorB. Lieutenant GeneralC. Commander of the New Model ArmyD. President7. William of Orange started Constitutional Monarchy by accepting _______ in 1689.A. Bill of RightsB. Petition of RightC. Provisions of OxfordD. Great Charter8. The 1851 London Great Exposition was held in the Crystal Palace which was designed by Queen _______’s husband Albert.A. MaryB. Elizabeth IC. VictoriaD. Anne9. The British Prime Minister who led the British to defeat Nazi Germany is _______.A. ChurchillB. ChamberlainC. MacDonaldD. MacmillanDBBDA AACA1. Although the monarch does not have any real power, he (or she) does have great influence.2. Britain does not have a written constitution.3. Each Member of Parliament represents a constituency, and holds his seat during the life of a Parliament.4. The House of Lords is the second chamber where changes in law can be made.5. The party which wins the second largest number of seats in the House of Lords becomes the official Opposition.6. Ministers are appointed by the Queen on therecommendation of the Prime Minister.7. The two major parties in Britain today are the Conservative Party and the Liberal Democratic Party.8. Ministers in Britain cannot be elected Members of Parliament at the same time.TTTFFTFF1. The British constitution is made up of the following EXCEPT ___________.A. Commonwealth lawB. statute lawC. common lawD. ancient documents2. The House of Commons is elected by universal suffrage and has about ___________ Members of Parliament.。

(完整word版)英语国家概况答案(word文档良心出品)

英语作业答案Unit 1Ⅰ.Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False.1. The island of Great Britain is geographically divided into three parts: England, Scotland and Wales. (T) 英伦三岛包括英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。

2. People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country.(F) British3. Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language. (F)4. In terms of population and area，Northern Ireland is the second largest part of the United Kingdom. (F) 英格兰是面积最大，人口最多的5. The longest river of Britain originates in Wales. (T) The River Severn:赛文河6. Because of political troubles，Northern Ireland has been quite significant among the four constituent parts of the United Kingdom. (T)Ⅱ. Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1. The two main islands of the British Isles are .不列颠群岛是由两个大岛组成的：不列颠和爱尔兰A.Great Britain and IrelandB.Great Britain and ScotlandC.Great Britain and WalesD.Great Britain and England2. is the capital city of Scotland.A. BelfastB. EdinburghC. AberdeenD. Cardiff3. Among the four parts of the United Kingdom，is the smallest.A.EnglandB. ScotlandC.WalesD. Northern Ireland4. The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of words to English.A. Danish and FinnishB. Dutch and GermanC. French and ItalianD. Latin and Greek5. The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the influence.A. NormanB. DutchC. GermanD. Danish6. Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of .A. grammarB. handwritingC. spellingD. pronunciation7. At present, nearly of the world’s population communicate in English.A. halfB. a quarterC. One thirdD. one fifthIII. Give brief answers to the following questions·1. What is the full name of the U.K.?The full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland2. Why do tourists from all over the world like to go to Scotland?They like to enjoy the beautiful Scottish scenery, to drink Scotch whisky and to see Scotsman wearing kilts and playing bagpipes.3. How many periods can the development of the English language be divided into and what are they?The development of the English language can be divided into three periods: Old English, Middle English and Modern English.4. Why did English become more important after the Black Death(黑死病)?The laboring and merchant classes grew in economic and social importance after the Black Death, so English also grew in importance compared to French.Ⅳ. State your understanding of the following questions in about 100 words.1. who are British people?The first known inhabitants in Britain were Celts who are the ancestors of welsh, Scottish and Irish people. Then came the Anglos, the Saxons and the Jutes who brought with them English language. Many people from other European countries came later, and in modern times there are a lots of immigrants from many former Commonwealth(共和国) countries from every part of the world, and the British people are also composed of people from different ethnic and cultural backgrounds.2. What is Standard English?Standard English is based on the speech of the upper class of the southeastern England; it is widely used in media and taught at schools. It is preferred by the educated, middle-class people. Is has developed and has been promoted as a model for the correct British English. It is also the norm(标准) carried overseas. Today, Standard English is codified to the extent that the grammar and vocabulary are much the same everywhere in the world where English is taught and used.Unit 2I. Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False.1. The British history before 55 BC is basically undocumented. (T)2. The Celts became the dominant group in Britain between the 8th and 5th centuries BC. (T)3. The name of Britain came from a Celtic tribe—the Britons. (T)4. The Anglo—Saxons came to Britain in the mid-5th century. (T) (不考)5. The chief or king of the Anglo-Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will. (F)6. The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the 8th century. (T)7. Henry II built up a large empire which included England and most of France (T)8. The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and the townspeople. (F)9. The Hundred Years’ War was a series of wars fought between England and Normans for trade and territory. (F)10. in an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions，Queen Elizabeth I actually defended the fruit of the Religious Reformation. (T)Ⅱ. Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1．The attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410．A．Norman B．DanishC．Celtic D．Germanic2．By the late 7th century，became the dominant religion in England．A．Celtic Christianity B．Anglo-Saxon ChristianityC．Germanic Christianity D．Roman Christianity3．Westminster Abbey(威斯敏斯特教堂) was built at the time of .A．St．Augustine B．Edward the Confessor(忏悔者爱德华)C．William the Conqueror D．Alfred the Great4．The marked the establishment of feudalism(封建制度) in England．A．Viking invasion B．signing of the Magna CartaC．Norman Conquest D．Adoption of common law5．The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of .A．the House of Valois B．the House of YorkC．the House of Tudor(都铎楼) D．the House of Lancaster出身于族徽为红玫瑰的兰开斯特家族的亨利·都铎结束了玫瑰战争，登上了英国王位，称亨利七世6．The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII’S effort to .A．divorce his wife B．break with RomeC．support the Protestants D．declare his supreme power over the church 7. The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between .A．Protestants and Puritans B．Royalists and ParliamentariansC．nobles and peasants D．aristocrats and Christians8．was passed after the Glorious Revolution(光荣革命)．A．Bill of Rights B．Act of SupremacyC．Provisions of Oxford D．Magna Carta9.The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of the century．A．17th B．18th C．19th D．20th 10．Britain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning of the century．A．17th B．18th C．19th D．20thIII. Give brief answers to the following questions.1. What are the two components of the British parliament?2. What were some of Queen Victoria’s major achievements?3. What were the two camps in Europe in World WarⅠ?4. Why did Britain cooperate closely with the United States after World WarⅡ? Answers:1. They are the House of Commons and the House of Lords.2. Queen Victoria made tremendous achievements in almost every aspect. She promoted further industrial revolution, the building of railways and the growing of trade and commerce. By the end of her reign, Britain had developed to an empire including a qua rter of the global population and nearly a quarter of the world’s landmass.3. The Central Powers which included Germany, Austria-Hungary, the OttomanEmpire and Bulgaria and the Allied Powers which were mainly comprised of France, the Russian Empire, the British Empire, Italy and the United States.4. Because they were allied during the war and shared the same worries about the former Soviet Union.Ⅳ. State your understanding of the following questions.1. What were the results of the Industrial Revolution in Britain?2. The Rise and Fall of the British Empire?Answers:1. The Industrial Revolution changed Britain in many ways. First, industrial productivity increased dramatically. Britain became the most advanced industrial country and also the financial center in the world. Second, urbanization took place. Many new cities sprang up. Third, it caused great changes in the class structure. The old social classes declined, and new ones emerged and developed. The conflict between the capitalists and the proletarians became the most important political issue.2. Colonization of Newfoundland, the first British colony overseas, in 1583 marked the beginning of the British Empire. By 1837, Britain had long been an empire which included the colonies in Canada, Australia, New Zealand, India and many small states in the West Indies. By the end of the 19th century, the British Empire included a quarter of the global pop ulation and nearly a quarter of the world’s landmass. During the mid-19th century, the British government consolidated the existing colonies by bringing them under the direct control of the government. Before World WarⅠ, Britain had the largest colonial empire in the world. However, Britain suffered great loss to its manpower in the two World Wars and exhausted its reserves of gold, dollars and overseas investment. Most of Britain’s colonies gained independence since the 1940s, which inevitably led to the fall of the Empire.Unit4 Politics and Government of UKI．Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False．1．Conventions(党代会) are regarded less important than common law in the working of the British government．F2．The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history．F3．In reality，the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers．F 4．British Parliament is the law-making body of the Commonwealth of Nations(英联邦国家)．F5．Lords Spiritual(上议院神职议员) and Lords Temporal(上议院世俗议员) are all members in the British Upper House(上议院).T6．The members in the House of Commons(下议院) are appointed rather than elected．F 上议院是指派的，下议院是选举的。

英语国家概况第三章参考试题

P38
P34

At the bottle of lewes in sussex,the king(Henry III) was defeated by
A Edward I B Jack Straw C De Montfort

P35
Who

is the fourteen-year-old king that met the rebels at Mile End.
Peasant Uprising of 1381 Married Matilda for making a pacific approach to Scotland.had no male heir.
P29
• King Stephen was the cousin of Princess Matilda
P33
How many clauses did Magna Carta altogether have?
A 63 B 28 C 132
P36
Who is Philip IV?
A a French King B Edward III’s cousin C grandfather of Isabella
King John,Philip Augustus,Magna Carta
William’s Rule
Henry II’s
Henry III,
Simon de Montfort
The Great Charter
,Prince Edward ,Prince of Wales Reforms
The Beginning of Parliament
P28幻灯片 36
It

专业英语八级英语国家概况-3_真题-无答案

专业英语八级英语国家概况-3(总分100,考试时间90分钟)单项选择题1. Which of the following city is regarded as the financial capital of the world?A. Washington D.C.B. Los AngelesC. New YorkD. London2. ______ is reputed as the automobile capital of the world.A. LondonB. Los AngelesC. TorontoD. Detroit3. The United States ranks ______ in the world in the total value of its economic production.A. firstB. secondC. thirdD. fourth4. Forests cover nearly ______ of the United States, and they yield many valuable products.A. a fourthB. a thirdC. halfD. two thirds5. What is the leading corn-producing state in the United States?A. Nebraska.B. Minnesota.C. Iowa.D. Indiana.6. What is America's most important food crop?A. Wheat.B. Rice.C. Barley.D. Oat.7. The U.S. ranks ______ in the export of rice in the world.A. firstB. secondC. thirdD. fourth8. ______ is the nation's leading center of heavy industry.A. MidwestB. NortheastC. SoutheastD. Southwest9. ______ is the largest and **mercial city on the Pacific coast.A. Los AngelesB. San DiegoC. San FranciscoD. Seattle10. is the largest single source of imports for the U.S..A. BrazilB. CanadaC. BritainD. China11. In the United States, how many years does primary education require?A. Four years.B. Five years.C. Six years.D. Seven years.12. Formal education in the United States consists of______.A. kindergarten, junior and senior educationB. junior, elementary and secondary educationC. elementary, secondary and higher educationD. kindergarten, secondary and higher education13. It is generally agreed that U.S. higher education began with the ______.A. Civil WarB. Independence WarC. founding of Harvard CollegeD. founding of Princeton University14. Which of the following does not belong to the three principal functions of U.S. higher education?A. Teaching.B. Research.C. Public service.D. Social charity.15. There is ______ age limit for adult education.A. noB. someC. definiteD. None of the above16. The report listed as new basics ______.A. English, mathematics, computer, social studiesB. science, mathematics, social studies, foreign languageC. English, science, social studies, mathematics, computerD. English, science, computer, social studies17. Elementary and secondary education is ______.A. freeB. free and attendance is required by lawB. compulsory D. Both Ｂand Ｃ.18. American schools are divided into ______.A. public schools and private schoolsB. public schools, private schools **munity schoolsC. coeducation schools and single sex schoolsD. national schools and state-run schools19. In the United States, educational policies are determined by ______.A. the federal governmentB. the state and board of trustees in some statesC. local school districtD. board of trustees20. The college sport which stirs up the most national interest in the United States is ______.A. FootballB. BaseballC. BasketballD. Soccer21. Which of the following though accounting for a small part of the American population are the first inhabitants on American land?A. Mexico-AmericansB. Afro-AmericansC. Indian-AmericansD. Asian-Americans22. Most Americans are ______ from different countries.A. blacksB. IndiansC. emigrantsD. immigrants23. Which group of people was the only one that came to America involuntarily?A. The Blacks.B. ChineseC. EuropeansD. Hispanics24. ______ is the largest ethnic minority in the United States.A. The BlacksB. ChineseC. EuropeansD. Indians25. The dominant group in American life is ______.A. the white Anglo-Saxon protestantsB. the white EuropeansC. the white British protestantsD. the white Anglo-Saxons26. Slavery was totally abolished in the United States in ______.A. 1830B. 1863C. 1865D. 196527. Where do most Indians in the United States live today?A. In **munities.B. Near or in slums.C. Near or on reservations.D. In urban areas.28. The Chinese Exclusion Act was carried out in ______.A. 1880B. 1882C. 1920D. 194929. The largest China town in the United States is in ______.A. Los AngelesB. New York CityC. San FranciscoD. Miami30. President ______ was the first American president ordering school desegregation in the South.A. John F. KennedyB. Jimmy CarterC. Franklin RooseveltD. Richard Nixon31. The national flower of the United States is ______.A. violetB. tulipC. roseD. daisy32. Which of the following is not the major newspaper or magazine in the U.S.A.?A. Financial TimesB. Washington PostC. New York TimesD. National Geography33. ______ is considered as the United States' unique contribution to music.A. Rock and rollB. JazzC. Country musicD. Western music34. Thanksgiving Day is originated in ______.A. EnglandB. AmericaC. ScotlandD. Canada35. The popular foods in America include the following except ______.A. hamburgersB. hot dogsC. breadD. rice36. Halloween is a ______.A. summer festivalB. night-time festivalC. sweethearts' holidayD. pilgrims' holiday37. Over ______ of all American religious people are Protestants.A. halfB. three fifthsC. two thirdsD. one fourth38. The characteristics of the American religion are the following except ______.A. wide variety of denominationsB. emphasis on social problemsC. separation of church and stateD. unity among the churches39. ______ was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964.A. Malcolm XB. John Ｆ. KennedyC. Martin Luther KingD.Ｗ.Ｅ.Ｂ. Dubois40. Americans celebrate ______ on July 4.A. the discovery of AmericanB. the abolishment of the slavery system.C. the declaration of national independenceD. the victory of the independence revolution41. Of all the following, ______ are considered to represent the fertility and new life and are mostly associated with Easter?A. the pumpkin and the turkeyB. the blueberry and the gooseC. the beef and the lambD. the egg and the rabbit42. The Lost Generation refers to the young people ______.A. in the post-WWⅡ eraB. in the post-WWⅠ eraC. in the post-Cold-war eraD. in the post-Vietnam-war era43. The national anthem of the United States is ______.A. The Star - Spangled BannerB. Forever Uncle SamC. Country RoadD. Starry, Starry Night44. Which of the following is NOT a nickname of the United States?A. Uncle Sam.B. Big apple.C. Melting pot.D. A Nation on the Wheel.45. The national bird of the United States is ______.A．sparrow B．swallowr C．eagle D．swan46. Which of the following is the largest province in Canada geographically?A. Quebec.B. Ontario.C. Manitoba.D. Y ukon.47. In terms of land area, Canada is the ______ largest country in the world.A. secondB. thirdC. fourthD. fifth48. Canada is bounded on the east by ______.A. the Pacific OceanB. the Atlantic OceanC. the Indian OceanD. the Arctic Ocean49. Nearly ______ of the land in Canada has no permanent population.A. halfB. two-thirdsC. 89%D. 95%50. Canada's largest city is ______.A. MontrealB. TorontoC. OttawaD. Vancouver。

(2020年整理)英语国家概况练习题.doc

UKTrue or False1. The United Kingdom is located in northern Europe.2. The United Kingdom consists of four politicaldivisions —England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland.3. England is one of the two large islands in the BritishIsles.4. The British Isles are made up of three large islandsand hundreds of small ones.5. Wales lies on the east coast of the island of GreatBritain.6. The Commonwealth of Nations is a free associationof independent countries that all used to be colonies of Britain.7. In Scotland, rugged mountains, green valleys, anddeep, blue lakes provide some of the most beautifulscenery in Europe.8. The longest river in Britain is the Thames.9. The largest lake in Britain is the Lough Neagh innorthwest England.10. Britain’s climate is influenced by the Gulf Stream, awarm ocean current that sweeps up from theequator and flows past the British Isles.FFFFFFTFFT1. The British Isles are made up of _______.A. three large islands and hundreds of small onesB. three large islands and dozens of small onesC. two large islands and hundreds of small onesD. two large islands and dozens of small ones2. Which of the following is NOT a political division on the island of Great Britain?A. England.B. Scotland.C. Northern Ireland.D. Wales.3. Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the _______ and the North Sea in the east.A. eastB. southC. westD. north4. The Republic of Ireland was totally independent in the year _______.A. 1920B. 1945C. 1918D. 19495. The highest mountain in Britain, Ben Nevis, lies in ______.A. the HighlandsB. the Southern UplandsC. the Central LowlandsD. the Lake District6. The British Empire was replaced by the British Commonwealth or the Commonwealth of Nations in __________.A. 1921B. 1931C. 1945D. 19507. The mountain system the Pennines is often called the backbone of _______.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. Great BritainD. Ireland8. The regional capital of Northern Ireland is _______.A. GlasgowB. EdinburghC. CardiffD. BelfastCCBDABADB1. The English, the Scots, and the Welsh are Anglo-Saxons, but the Irish are Celts.2. London and England as a whole have great influence over the rest of the United Kingdom because of their large population.3. People of Indian, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi origin are the largest group of immigrants in Britain.4. Compared to the rest of the world, the UK has a smaller percentage of older people and a higher percentage of younger people.5. The Welsh language is the official language in Wales.6. Scottish Gaelic is the official language in Scotland.7. The English language is the predominant language in Northern Ireland.8. English people all strive to free themselves of regional or local accents in order to sound like educated English-speaking people.9. Social class in the UK lays more emphasis on money and property.10. Britishness is associated with political, historical, technological, sporting, and cultural achievements in Britain.FTTFTFTFFT1. The English people and the English language were born from the union of ________.A. the Angles and the SaxonsB. Romans and the Norman FrenchC. Danes or Vikings and the Norman FrenchD. Norman conquerors and the defeated Anglo-Saxons2. The first known settlers of Britain were _______.A. the IberiansB. the Beaker FolkC. the CeltsD. the Romans3. About 80,000 Scots speak Gaelic which is an ancient _________.A. Scottish languageB. English languageC. Irish languageD. Celtic language4. About three million people have migrated to Britain since World War II. They are mainly from the West Indies, India and __________.A. IndonesiaB. SingaporeC. Hong KongD. Pakistan5. In Britain _______ of the population is urban and _______ is rural.A. 90% ; 10%B. 80% ; 20%C. 70% ; 30%D. 60% ; 40%6. The ancestors of the Welsh were the ancient __________.A. CeltsB. RomansC. NormansD. Britons7. The average population density in Britain is ______ people per square kilometer.A. 250B. 370C. 800D. 5008. During the 5th century when the Roman Empire fell, the Germanic _________ invaded and conquered Britain.A. Angles and CeltsB. Angles and PictsC. Angles and BrythonsD. Angles and Saxons9. The upper class in Britain consists of the following except _________.A. peerageB. gentryC. landownersD. professionals10. “Britishness”can be reflected in the following except _________.A. Union JackB. conservativenessC. the BeatlesD. Thanksgiving DayDADDAAADDD1. The first Roman invasion took place in 43 AD, headed by the Emperor Julius Caesar.2. The name “England”derived from the Angles, one of the Germanic tribes who came to England in the 5th and 6th centuries.3. The Magna Carta defined the King’s feudal rights, preventing him from arbitrarily collecting revenue.4. The Black Death once ravaged England, carrying off three fourths of the population.5. During Edward III’s reign, the war with France known as the HundredYears’War began.6. The Wars of the Roses were in the main a great contest for Crown between the rival houses of York and Lancaster.7. Queen Mary was a follower of the Church of England and she was determined to make England once again a Protestant country8. James’son, Charles I, who succeeded him in 1625, also thought that his right to rule was God-given.9. The establishment of the British East India Company in 1600 was a case of economic penetration.FTTFTTFTT1. In 1066 Harold and his troops fought against William’s army on Senlac field near ________.A. LondonB. NormandyC. StandfordD. Hastings2. The Plantagenet Dynasty was founded by _________.A. HenryB. Henry IIC. King JosephD. Count of Anjor3. English Reformation was carried out by _______ to change the religionin England from Catholicism to Protestantism.A. Edward VIB. Henry VIIIC. Mary ID. Elizabeth I4. King John was forced by the barons to sign the _______ which restricted the King’s power.A. Bill of RightsB. Petition of RightC. Provisions of OxfordD. Great Charter5. Simon de Montfort’s reform is considered to be the beginning of English _______.A. parliamentB. cabinetC. constitutionD. liberty6. From 1649 to 1658 England was called a Commonwealth. It was ruled first by Oliver Cromwell as _______.A. Lord ProtectorB. Lieutenant GeneralC. Commander of the New Model ArmyD. President7. William of Orange started Constitutional Monarchy by accepting _______ in 1689.A. Bill of RightsB. Petition of RightC. Provisions of OxfordD. Great Charter8. The 1851 London Great Exposition was held in the Crystal Palace which was designed by Queen _______’s husband Albert.A. MaryB. Elizabeth IC. VictoriaD. Anne9. The British Prime Minister who led the British to defeat Nazi Germany is _______.A. ChurchillB. ChamberlainC. MacDonaldD. MacmillanDBBDA AACA1. Although the monarch does not have any real power, he (or she) does have great influence.2. Britain does not have a written constitution.3. Each Member of Parliament represents a constituency, and holds his seat during the life of a Parliament.4. The House of Lords is the second chamber where changes in law can be made.5. The party which wins the second largest number of seats in the House of Lords becomes the official Opposition.6. Ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of the Prime Minister.7. The two major parties in Britain today are the Conservative Party and the Liberal Democratic Party.8. Ministers in Britain cannot be elected Members of Parliament at the same time.TTTFFTFF1. The British constitution is made up of the following EXCEPT ___________.A. Commonwealth lawB. statute lawC. common lawD. ancient documents2. The House of Commons is elected by universal suffrage and has about ___________ Members of Parliament.A. 650B. 660C. 670D. 6803. British Conservative Party was formerly called _______ Party in the 18th century.A. WhigB. ToryC. LiberalD. Nationalist4. The United Kingdom is governed in the name of ___________, by ___________.A. the King; the Prime MinisterB. the Queen; the Prime MinisterC. the Prime Minister; His or Her Majesty’s GovernmentD. the Sovereign; His or Her Majesty’s Government5. ________ is the “supreme governor”of the Church of England.A. The monarchB. The Archbishop of YorkC. The Archbishop of CanterburyD. The Roman Pope6. In Britain the citizens aged ____________ or over have the right tovote.A. 16B. 18C. 21D. 307. By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed ____________ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom.A. Prime MinisterB. Member of ParliamentC. Lord of AppealD. Speaker of the House8. The Liberal Democratic Party is the combination of the Social Democratic Party and _____________.A. the Conservative PartyB. the Labour PartyC. the Liberal PartyD. the Green Party9. Parliament has the following functions EXCEPT ____________.A. making lawB. authorizing taxation and public expenditureC. declaring warD. examining the actions of the governmentAABDA BACC1. Although Britain is a unitary state, it does not have a single legal system.2. A Magistrates’Court sits with a jury.3. In Scotland, all appeals are heard by three or more judges of the High Court of Justiciary.4. Officers in Great Brain do not normally carry firearms.5. London’s Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of the Lord Chancellor.6. The main courts of civil jurisdiction in England and Wales are the County Courts.7. House of Lords is the court of last resort for most instances of UK law.8. Lord Chancellor is the highest court officer in Britain.9. Unless the case with which an arrested person is charged is very serious, he will usually be granted bail if he cannot be brought before the court within a day.10. If a person is charged with murder, and hasinsufficient means, he must be granted legal aidTFFTF TFFTT1. All criminal trials are held in open court because the criminal law presumes the _______ of the accused until he has been proven guilty beyond reasonable doubt.A. guiltB. impartialityC. innocenceD. honesty2. In England, Wales, and Northern Island, people between the age of _________ and 70 whose names appear on the electoral register are liable for jury service and their names are chosen at random.A. 18B. 19C. 20D. 213. The jury consists of ordinary, independent citizens summoned by the court: 12 in England, Wales and Northern Island, and ___________ in Scotland.A. 12B. 13C. 14D. 154. Whether the accused is guilty or innocent is decided by _________.A. the policemenB. the juryC. the judgeD. the sheriff5. The ultimate court of appeal in civil cases throughout the Scotland is _________.A. the Supreme Court of the United KingdomB. the Court of AppealC. the High Court of JusticiaryD. the House of Lords6. In England and Wales the highest judicial appointments are made by the Queen on the advice of ________.A. the Lord ChancellorB. the Home SecretaryC. the Prime MinisterD. the Attorney General7. Criminal cases in England and Wales may NOT be tried in ____________.A. the Magistrates’CourtB. the Court of AppealC. the High CourtD. the Crown Court8. The three “lay”magistrates that make up a Magistrates’Court in Britain are known as _________A. Justices of the PeaceB. stipendiary magistratesC. Justices of LawD. part-time magistrates9. The most serious criminal offences in Scotland are tried in __________.A. the District CourtB. the Sheriff CourtC. the High Court of JusticiaryD. the Crown CourtCADBA CCAC1. A century ago the British economy was among the strongest in the world.2. John Maynard Keynes was an influential American economist.3. A strong opponent of the policies of the Labor Party, Margaret Thatcher worked to increase government control over the British economy.4. In Britain service industries account for about two-thirds of its gross domestic product.5. The area between London and South Wales is often referred to as Britain’s “Silicon Glen”.6. Britain imports chiefly manufactured products and exports mostly rawmaterials.7. Most of the United Kingdom’s trade is with other developed countries, especially other members of the European Union.8. The value of Britain’s exports of goods usually exceeds the value of its imports.9.Today, the City of London is the centre of Londonwhere government departments are located.10.The trade union movement in Britain is becomingstronger these years because of changes in the structure of employment.TFFTFFTFFF1. The economic policy Britain pursued in the 1950s and1960s was based on the theory of _______.A. Adam SmithB. John Maynard KeynesC. Margaret ThatcherD. Karl Marx2. Under Margaret Thatcher Britain experienced ______.A. economic recessionB. economic expansionC. economic declineD. economic depression3. Which of the following is NOT true of Britain’sagriculture?A. British farming is highly mechanized.B. Agriculture in Britain is intensive.C. British farming is very efficient.D. Britain’s agriculture can produce enough food for itspeople.4. In Britain less than ________ of the population are farmers.A. 2%B. 4%C. 6%D. 10%5. In the ______ Britain became a net exporter of oil.A. 1960sB. 1970sC. 1980sD. 1990s6. To stimulate economic recovery, the ThatcherGovernment carried out all the following policies but______.A. privatizationB. interventionismC. deregulationD. market liberalization7. Britain is the ____ largest trading nation in the world.A. thirdB. fourthC. fifthD. sixth8. British oil fields were discovered on the _______.A. English ChannelB. Irish SeaC. Norwegian SeaD. North Sea9. Which of the following is not included in the new industries in Britain?A. Microprocessors.B. Computers.C. Biotechnology.D. Motor vehicles.BBDAC BDDD1. The National Health Service (NHS) provides for every resident, regardless of income, a full range of medical services.2. The National Health Service (NHS) is now a largely free service.3. Social services authorities give help to families facing special problems.4. Social security benefits are increased annually in line with percentage increases in retail prices.5. General Practitioners receive fees based on the number of individuals who register with them as patients.6. In Northern Ireland, the needs of those in difficulty are met by local authorities, who draw upon funds provided by the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP).7. Eye tests and dental treatments in NHS hospitals are free of charge.8.Personal social services refer to the provision of financial support for the people in difficulty.9.Most British people now live in detached houses.TTTFF FFFF1. The National Health Service (NHS) was established inthe United Kingdom in _________.A. 1946B. 1947C. 1948D. 19492. ________ is directly responsible for the NHS.A. Local governmentB. Central governmentC. V oluntary organizationsD. Certain social boards3. In Britain, children up to the age of ______ canreceive family allowances for children.A. 11B. 12C. 15D. 164. In Britain, pensions for the elderly, or retirementbenefits, begin for women at the age of ________.A. 50B. 55C. 60D. 655. In England the NHS is managed by the ________.A. Department for Work and PensionsB. Department of HealthC. Social Security AgencyD. Social Services Department6. The National Health Service in Britain provides a fullrange of medical services for _______.A. employeesB. residents aged between 18-60C. every residentD. residents aged over 607. Social Security in the UK is the government’s mostexpensive program, costing _____ of public funding.A. 20%B. 25%C. 30%D. 35%8. A family doctor in Britain is also known as a ______.A. general doctorB. general pharmacistC. general practitionerD. family practitioner9. In 2001 people in marriage accounted for _______of the adult population in Britain.A. 60%B. 55%C. 50%D. 45%10. Houses have traditionally been divided intofollowing types EXCEPT ______.A. detached houseB. semi-detached houseC. terraced houseD. attached houseCBDCB CCCBD1. In the UK, more than half of the Christians attend worship on a regular basis.2. Christianity was first introduced into Britain by St. Augustine in the 6th century.3. Under the Act of Settlement 1701, the British monarch is required to be a member of the Church of England.4. The Supreme Governor of the Church of England is the Archbishop of Canterbury.5. Canterbury Cathedral is used for the Coronation of all British Monarchs.6. In 1994 the first women were ordained as priests in the Anglican Church.7. The Church of Scotland is the established church in Scotland and is subject to state control.8. The Baptist Union of Great Britain is the largest of the Free Churchesin Britain.9.The UK has the second largest Jewish community in Western Europe.10.Since the United Kingdom guarantees its citizens religious freedom without interference from the state or the community, religion in Britain is separated from politics.FFTF FTFF TF1.________ is the largest of the Free Churches.A. The BaptistsB. The Methodist ChurchC. The Roman Catholic ChurchD. The Church in Wales2. Established Churches in Britain are ___________.A. Church of England and Church of WalesB. Church of Wales and Church of ScotlandC. the Anglican ChurchesD. Church of England and Church of Scotland3. The Free Churches do NOT include _________.A. the Church of EnglandB. the Methodist ChurchC. the Baptist ChurchD. the United Reformed Church4. The principal non-Christian communities in Britainare _______.A. the MoslemsB. the BuddhistsC. the HindusD. the Jews5. The Church of Scotland is a ________ church.A. MethodistB. BaptistC. PresbyterianD. Catholic6. In Great Britain, the ___________ is uniquely relatedto the Crown.A. Church of EnglandB. Church of ScotlandC. Church of IrelandD. Church of Wales7. The members of _______ in Britain have also beenknown as dissenters or nonconformists.A. the Anglican ChurchB. the Church of EnglandC. the Roman Catholic ChurchD. the Free Churches8. The Church of England has two provinces. Theyare ________.A. Canterbury and YorkB. London and YorkC. Durham and CanterburyD. London and WinchesterBDADC ADA1. Parents are required by law to ensure that their children receive compulsory full-time education between the age of 5 and 16.2. Most of the state secondary school population in Great Britain attends comprehensive schools.3. Thanks to the 1988 Education Reform Act, the UK has since provided universal and free state primary and secondary education.4. The Secretary of State for Education is responsible for education in the UK.5. The Department of Education and Science is primarily responsible for public spending on schools.6. In the UK, public schools are publicly-funded schools.7. Universities and higher education colleges enjoy academic freedom, appoint their own staff, award their own degrees, decide which students to admit and are financially self-reliant.8. In the UK, most undergraduate (bachelor’s) degrees take three years tocomplete.9. The Open University was intended to give opportunities to adults who have been unable to take conventional higher education.10.More than 70 British citizens have been awarded the Nobel Prize in science, second only to the United States.TTFFFFFTTT1. There are some _______ universities in Britain, including the Open University.A. 70B. 80C. 90D. 1002. The Universities of Oxford and Cambridge date from the _____________ centuries.A. 12th and 13thB. 13th and 14thC. 14th and 15thD. 15th and 16th3. The usual age for transfer from primary to secondary schools is _____________ in England, Wales and Northern Ireland.A. 14B. 13C. 12D. 114. In Britain, private schools are often called ______.A. comprehensive schoolsB. grammar schoolsC. secondary modern schoolsD. independent schools5. In Britain, higher education is usually defined as advanced courses of a standard higher than ________ or equivalent.A. GCE O-LevelB. GCE A-LevelC. GCE AS-LevelD. GCSE6. In Britain, education at primary levels emphasizes the following EXCEPT ____________.A. readingB. writingC. arithmeticD. science7. The following universities belong to “red-brick”universities EXCEPT _________.A. University of LeedsB. University of LiverpoolC. University of ManchesterD. University of Glasgow8. The leading scientific society in Britain is ________.A. the British Association for the Advancement ofScienceB. the Royal InstitutionC. the British AcademyD. the Royal SocietyCADDB DDD1. People in the UK spend most of their free time in the pub.2. The Royal National Theatre often performs in Stratford-upon-Avon, Shakespeare’s birthplace.3. With the emergence of the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, and the Who, British popular music led the world from the early 1980s.4. The British Library, the national library, is one of the world’s three largest.5. The UK’s biggest-selling newspaper is The Times.6. The Channel 4 is state-owned, though it operates in a commercial way.7. The national sport of the UK is rugby.8. Cricket is popular in all the four home nations.9. Golf was born in Scotland.10. Tennis is the highest profile sport for the two weeks of the Wimbledon Championships.FFFTF TFFTT1. The largest and the most important museum in Britain is ____________.A. the British MuseumB. the Victoria and Albert MuseumC. the Imperial War MuseumD. the National Gallery2. Britain’s most popular pastime is ____________.A. reading newspaperB. watching TVC. playing footballD. horse racing3. The Times is a ____________ newspaper in Britain.A. quality dailyB. popular dailyC. quality SundayD. mid-market daily4. The Daily Mirror is a _________ newspaper in Britain.A. quality dailyB. popular dailyC. popular SundayD. mid-market daily5. Football has its traditional home in ___________.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. FranceD. Italy6. _____________ is the most typical English sports.A. FootballB. RugbyC. CricketD. Horse racing7. Of the following four sports, _____________ has the longest history.A. cricketB. golfC. footballD. rugby8. The Beatles was a band formed by four boys from _________.A. ManchesterB. LiverpoolC. LondonD. EdinburghABABA CABUSA1. The United States stretches from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east.2. The Mississippi river is the longest river in the United States.3. The Appalachian region is both complicated and varied, containing some of the highest mountains in North America, but also a vast expanse of intermontane basins, plateaus, and isolated ranges.4. Western Washington and Oregon receive plenty of rain and central California is noticeably drier in winter.5. New England is sometimes called the birthplace of America.6. Washington D. C. is located in the Southern States Region.7. Many Southerners have a strong sense of regional loyalty and take pride in the South’s history and tradition.8. The Midwestern States Region is a vast area of generally flat land that covers much of the center of the United States.9. Las Vegas and Reno stand out as “American dreamland”, for they primarily find wealth through the gambling and entertainment industries. 10. Hawaii has the largest land area of all the states, and Alaska has one of the smallest land areas.FTFFT FTTTF1. The United States of America is the ____________ country in the world in size.A. largestB. second-largestC. third-largestD. fourth-largest2. ____________ extend from the northern tip of Maine southwestern to Alabama.A. The Rocky MountainsB. The Appalachian HighlandsC. The Coast MountainsD. The Blue Mountains3. The climate of the United States is influenced by ____________.A. the Atlantic and Pacific OceansB. the Gulf of MexicoC. the Great LakesD. All of the above4. What is the leading commercial crop of the south?A. Cotton.B. Tobacco.C. Sugar cane.D. Rice.5. What Midwestern city is the automobile capital of the world?A. Chicago.B. Detroit.C. Milwaukee.D. Cleveland.6. One of the most important lakes in the United States is _________, which is the largest fresh water lake in the world.A. Lake SuperiorB. Lake MichiganC. Lake HuronD. Lake Ontario7. New England lies in __________ of the United States.A. the northern partB. the southern partC. the northeastern partD. the southeastern part8. The southern part of the Pacific coast in California has a ___________ climate.A. subtropicalB. continental desertC. maritimeD. Mediterranean9. The smallest state in the United States is ___________.A. WashingtonB. Rhode IslandC. HawaiiD. Maryland10. In the United States, the largest city along the Pacific coast is ___________.A. Los AngelesB. San FranciscoC. SeattleD. PortlandDBDBB ACDBA1. The first English colony in America was founded at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607.2. The early British settlers organized the east coast of North America into 17 colonies.3. When many thousands of Southerners saw the triumph of Abraham Lincoln in the 1860 election as not simply a political defeat but also a threat to all southern institutions and the southern way of life, they decided to secede from the Confederacy.4. The Progressive Movement was a well-organized, unified movement,demanding government regulation of economy and social condition.5. The Stock Market collapse occurred in 1928 in the United States.6. The Marshall Plan refers to the military and economic aid to Greece and Turkey in the 1950s.7. Nixon was the second President in American history who resigned.8. The black-white racial chasm in post-Civil-Rights-Movement America was highlighted by the savage beating of Martin Luther King by white police officers in 1992.TFFFF FFF1. The British established 13 colonies along _________.A. the west coast of North AmericaB. the west coast of South AmericaC. the east coast of North AmericaD. the east coast of South America2. In the early 1850s, with the westward movement, the slavery became a serious political issue endangering the unity of the country because _________.A. whether or not slavery would expand into the future states formed as a result of the westward movement would affect the balance of power in the SenateB. the South insisted that slavery should be allowed to spread into all new territories。

英语国家概况模拟试题(完成)

英语国家概况模拟试题1发布时间：[2008-10-9 11:31:32]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------英语国家概况模拟试题1Directions:I. There are 20 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A,B,C, and D. Choose the correct to each of the question and write your answer at the appropriate place on the ANSWER SHEET. (20%)1. The Tower of London was constructed bya) King Haroldb) Oliver Cromwellc) William the Conquerord) Robin Hood2. Which of the following statements is NOT true?a) Sinn Fein is the legal political party in Northern Ireland.b) Those who want to unite Northern Ireland with Britain are called Unionists.c) Social Democratic and Labour Party is a very important political party in Britain.d) Those who show their loyalty to the British Crown are called Loyalists.3. Which of the following about the House of Commons in Britain is NOT true?a) Members of Parliament elect the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.b) MPs receive salaries and some other allowances.c) MPs are expected to represent the interests of the public.d) Most MPs belong to the major political parties.4. Which of the following descriptions about the Conservative Party is NOT true?a) It has been in power for an unusually long period of time.b) It prefers policies that protect individual’s rights.c) It receives a lot of the funding from big companies.d) It’s known as a party of high taxation levels.5. Which company in Britain became an important aero-engine manufacturer after W.W.II?a) Boeingb) Rolls Roycec) McDonnel-Douglasd) Hawker-Siddeley6. Which of the following is a tragedy written by Shakespeare?a) Dr. Faustusb) Frankensteinc) Hamletd) Sense and Sensibility7. Which of the following was the first team sport to have organized rules?a) footballb) horse racingc) tennisd) cricket8. Which of the following is true about the Guy Fawkers Night?a) It’s celebrated by Scottish people in Novemberb) It’s celebrated by English people in Novemberc) It’s celebrated by Scottish people in people in August.d) It’s celebrated by English people in people in August.9. Which of the following universities is privately funded in Britain?a) the university of Cambridgeb) the university of Oxfordc) the university of Buckinghamd) the university of Edingburgh10. Which of the following is not true about class system in UK?a) People of different classes tend to read different kind of newspaper.b) Class-division is only decided by people’s income.c) Though social advancement in possible, class affects person’s life-changes.d) The way people speak identifies themselves to particular class.11. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the Open University?a) It’s open to every body.b) It requires no formal educational qualifications.c) No university degree is rewarded.d) University courses are followed through TV, radio, correspondence, etc.12. Which of the following is a quality paper?a) The News of the World.b) The Guardian.c) The tabloidsd) All of the above.13. Which of the following is not true about life peers?a) They are not from the aristocratic families.b) They can not sit in the House of Lords.c) They earned their titles through their outstanding achievements.d) The title can not be inherited by their children.14. Which of the following countries in Australia’s largest trading partner”a) Chinab) ASEAN countiesc) Britaind) Japan15. Which of the following is the largest manufacturing sector in Australia?a) the ship-building industryb) the heavy engineering industryc) the Australian aerospace industryd) the Australian food-processing industry16. Which country/area in Australia’s largest export market for beef and veal?a) Singaporeb) The United Statesc) The Republic of Koread) The Middle East17. Which of the following is not a part of the Australian social security programs?a) Tertiary education systems.b) Age pensions.c) Pensions for war and defense widows.d) The child disability allowance.18. Who were the first settlers of New Zealand?a) voyagers from East Polynesiab) European navigatorsc) Sealers and whalersd) Christian missionaries19. Which of the following factors does not contribute to New Zealand’s environmental?a) Favorable geographic feature.b) Low population.c) A late development of industry.d) The ozone hole over Antarctic20. Which of the following is not a function of Parliament of New Zealand?a) Enacting lawsb) Supervising the government’s administration.c) The redress of grievances by receiving petitions.d) Forming a government.II. Directions:There are altogether 15 blanks in the following sentences. Fill in the blanks and write your answers on the answer sheet. (30%)l The capital of Britain is 21__________, which has great influence on the UK in all fields including 22_____,23_____and 24_______.l In 1689, Parliament passed 25_______ to ensure that the King would never be able to ignore Parliament.l 26______ was established by the Labour government in 1948, providing health care for all the people.l 27_______is a rough, fast game which was invented in Britain while 28____ is a more gentle sport which owes its origin to the Church.l In Britain, people can go to the 29______ without having any formal educational qualifications.l Australia is one of the most highly 30_______ countries in the world with only 15% of Australians live in rural areas.l Australia, as the world’s 31_____ of wool, exports most of its wool production. The high quality wool mainly comes from the 32______breed of sheep.l Major ethnic groups in New Zealand, in the order of population size are 33______, 34______,35______ Chinese and Indian people.III. Directions:There are 10 questions in this part. Answer each of the questions in one full sentence and write you answer on the answer sheet. (20%)36) Who is the prime Minister in Britain at present?37) Has the Queen alone the power to change the terms of the Constitution in Britain?38) What city is the capital of Australia?39) When did the first European navigators arrive in New Zealand?40) Who is the Head of State of New Zealand?41) What is the full name of Australia?42) What does NATO stand for?43) When did Britain join the European Economic Community?44) Which is the largest city in Scotland?45) Who invented the game of golf?IV. Directions:Explain each of the following 6 out 9 in no more than 5 sentences. Write your answer on the answer sheet. (30%)46) The “roundheads”47) Australia’s import pattern48) Sino-Australia relationship49) the ABC in Australia50) the kiwi51) the functions of the British Parliament52) John Major53) Halloween54) Oxbridge英语国家概况模拟试题1答案I. (20%)1.c2.c3.a4.d5.b6.c7.d8.b9.c 10.b11.c 12.b 13.b 14.d 15.d 16.b 17.a 18.a 19.d 20.dII.(30%)21.Londonernment/politics 23.economy24.culture 25. the Bill of Rights26.The National Health Service 27. football28.tennis 29.Open University30.urbanized 31. largest producer32.merino 33. New Zealanders with European ancestry.34.Maori 35.People from the Pacific IslandsIII.(20%)36. Tony Blair is the Prime Minister today.37. No.38. The Capital city of Australia is Canberra.39. The first European navigators arrived in New Zealand in 1642.40. The Head of State of New Zealand is the British Monarch41. The full name of Australia is the Commonwealth of Australia42. NATO stands for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.43. Britain joined the European Economic community in 1972.44. Glasgow in the largest city in Scotland.45. The Scottish invented the game of golf.IV.(30%)46. The “roundheads”These refer to the group of people representing the interests of Parliament during the civil war. They were so called because they defied popular fashion and cut their hair very short. Led by Oliver Cromwell, they defeated the royalists in 1642, and executed the king in 1649.47.As a developed country, Australia’s import pattern in different from that of other developed country. It imports little food and raw materials, but comparative a lot of capital equipment. Two-fifths of its imports are from the United States and Japan. Britain’s share has declined from 40% in the late 1950s to about 5% today.48. Australia and China established diplomatic relationship. Since then the leaders of the twocountries have been visiting each other regularly. The two countries are working together in many fields including education, energy and so on.49. the ABC stands for the Australia Broadcasting Corporation, a noncommercial national radio and television service funded mostly by the Government. The ABC has domestic network of offices in all capital cities and major regional cities as well as international network of bureaus. In addition to the regular news and current affairs programs, it also provides a variety of programs on children and education, arts, sports and documentaries and other programs.50. the kiwi is the mane of one species of the native bird in New Zealand. It is flightless. When capitalized the word is also used to refer to the New Zealanders or things of New Zealand origin.51. The functions of Parliament are: to pass laws, to vote for taxation, to scrutinize government policy, administration and expenditure and to debate the major issues of the day.52. John Major was the leader of the Conservative Party and was the ex- Prime Minister of the UK. In 1990, he was elected the leader of the Conservative Party, replacing Mrs. Thatcher. After he came into power, he had continued to carry out Thatcher’s policies but in a mild way.53.Halloween in a Scottish festival celebrated on 31 October each year. Communion with the dead, mischief, fortune-telling and masquerades are common practices. Some of the other customs are “ turnip lanterns” for children and girls using magic spells to see into the future.54. Oxbridge refers to the two top universities in Britain: Oxford and Cambridge. These two universities not only offer good education, but also offer a network of connections. Graduates from these universities occupy a high proportion of the top level of many aspects of British society.英语国家概况模拟试题2发布时间：[2008-10-9 11:30:47]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------英语国家概况模拟试题2Directions:I. There are 20 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A,B,C, and D. Choose the correct to each of the question and write your answer at the appropriate place on the ANSWER SHEET. (20%)1. Which of the following countries has no nuclear weapon capabilities?a) Britainb) The United Statesc) Italyd) Russia2. Which is not true about the British Education system in the following statements?a) It’s run mainly by the state.b) It’s partly funded by the state.c) It’s supervised by the state.d) It’s dominated by the state.3. Why is the Australian national day set on January 26?a) To commemorate the founding of the Commonwealth of Australia.b) To commemorate the discovery of the great southern “ unknown land”.c) To commemorate the first European settlement of the continent.d) To commemorate Captain James Cool’s first voyage around Australia.4. Who established the early traditions of Australian writing?a) Henry Lawsonb) Henry Kendallc) Joseph Furpghyd) Patrick5. Which of the following organizations in not a member of ?a) The European Communityb) The United Nationsc) The General Agreements on Tariffs and Traded) The Australia New Zealand Close Economic Relations Trade Agreement6. Which are the three most import field crops in Australia in the following?a) cotton, barley and sugar-cane.b) Grain legume, wheat and cotton.c) Wheat, barley and sugar-cane.d) Wheat, sugar-cane and cotton.7. Which of the following is the oldest newspaper in Australia?a) The Sydney Morning Heraldb) The Australiac) The Mercuryd) The Australian Financial Review8. Which is not one of the major exports of New Zealand?a) Dairy productb) Fishc) Woold) Oil9. What are New Zealand’s three largest ethnic groups in terms of population?a) New Zealanders with European ancestry, Chinese and Maori.b) Maori, Indian and people from the Pacific Islands.c) New Zealanders with European ancestry, Maori and people form the Pacific Islands.d) People from the Pacific Islands, Maori and Chinese.10. Which is not one of the major imports of New Zealand?a) Fruitb) Machineryc) Vehiclesd) Mineral fuelsII. Directions:There are altogether 15 blanks in the following sentences. Fill in the blanks and write your answers on the answer sheet. (30%)Britain consists of 11________ nations, including England, 12_______, 13______ and 14_______. Normally, a government in Britain can be in power for 15_______ years, and then it has to resign and hold a general election.One distinctive features about the class system in Britain is that it still remains a 16_______. Twentieth-century literature can be broadly divided into two stylistic periods: 17_____ and 18________.Parents from the wealthier middle class in Britain prefer to send their children to 19________ schools so as to have better20_________.The general direction of Britain’s foreign policy is decided by 21_______ and 22_______.The largest political parties in Australia are 23________, 24________ and 25_________.III.. Directions:Explain each of the following 6 out 8 in no more than 5 sentences. Write your answer on the answer sheet. (30%)26. the North Island27. the Commonwealth28. the kiwi29. Sino-Australia relationship30. functions of the British Parliament31. John Major32. William Shakespeare33. Comprehensive schools英语国家概况模拟试题2答案I.(20%)1.c2.d3.c4.a5.a6.d7.a8.d9.c 10.aII.(30%)11. four 12. Scotland13. Wales 14.Northern Ireland15. 5 16. hereditary17. Modernism 18. Postmodernism19. private 20. education21. the Prime Minister 22. Cabinet23. the liberal Party 24. the National Party25. the Australian Labour PartyIII.. Directions:26. The North Island is one of the three main parts of New Zealand. It is famous for spectacular volcanoes and the thermal region. About three quarters of New Zealand’s population live in the North Island. Both Wellington, the national capital, and Auckland, the country’s largest city, are located on this island.27.The Commonwealth of Australia was formally formed by a federation of six former colonies on January 1, 1901. It now has six states, three internal territories and seven external territories. It is the full name of Australia.28. The kiwi is the name of one species of the native bird in New Zealand. It is flightless. When capitalized the word is also used to refer to the New Zealanders or things of New Zealand origin.29. Australia and China established diplomatic relationship in 1972. Since then the leaders of the two countries have been visiting each other regularly. The two countries are working together in many fields including education, energy and so on.30. The functions of Parliament are: to vote for taxation, to scrutinize government policy, administration and expenditure and to debate the major issues of the day.31.John Major was the leader of the Conservative Party and was the ex-Prime Minister of the UK. In 1990, he was elected the leader of the Conservative Party, replacing Mrs. Thatcher. After thecame into power, he had continued to carry our Thatcher’s policies but in a mild way.32. William Shakespeare was an English dramatist and poet in the Elizabethan age. He is generally regarded as the greatest playwright in English literature. His plays fall into three categories: tragedies such as Hamlet, comedies such as Merchant of Venice and historical plays like Charles II.33. Comprehensive Schools are the most popular secondary schools in Britain today. Such schools admit children without reference to their academic abilities and provide a general education. Pupils can study everything from academic subjects like literature to more practical subjects like cooking.英语国家概况模拟试题3I. Directions:There are 20 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the correct answer to each of the questions and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)1. Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic of London?A. The cultural centerB. The business centerC. The financial centerD. The sports center2. The Tower of London, a historical sight, located in the center of London, was built byA. King HaroldB. Tobin HoodC. Oliver CromwellD. William Conqueror3. Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four nations, but is quite well-known in the world forA. its most famous landmark, the “Giant’s Causeway”B. its rich cultural lifeC. its low living standardsD. its endless political problems4. Which of the following about the Queen is NOT true?A. The Queen selects the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.B. The Queen symbolizes the tradition and unity of the British state.C. The Queen acts as a confidante to the Prime Minister.D. The Queen is the temporal head of the Church of England.5. Which of the following is NOT true about the electoral campaigns?A. Big parties can buy time to broadcast their policies on the television.B. There is a limit on the amount of money candidates can spend in their constituency campaign.C. Candidates and their supporters go door –to-door persuading voters to vote for them.D. Candidates criticize each other’s policies to show how good their own policies are.6. Which of the following livestock has the biggest number in UK.A. beef battleB. dairy cattleC. chickenD. sheep7. Which of the following is a tragedy written by Shakespeare?A. Dr. FaustusB. HamletC. FrankensteinD. Sense and Sensibility8. Which of the following sports was not invented in Britain?A. footballB. tennisC. archeryD. cricket9. Which of the following has nothing to do with Easter?A. rabbitsB. haggisC. chicksD. eggs10. Which of the following is a privately funded university in Britain?A. The University of CambridgeB. The University of OxfordC. The University of EdinburghD. The University of Buckingham11. Which of the following about class system in the UK is NOT true?A. People of different classes tend to read different kinds of newspaper.B. Class-division is only decided by people’s income.C. Though social advancement is possible, class affects a person’s life-chances.D. The way people speak identifies themselves to particular class.12. Which countries are the permanent members of the UN Security Council?A. France, China, Germany, Russia and Britain.B. The United States, France, Britain, Germany and Russia.C. China, Russia, France, Britain and the United States.D. China, Britain, France, United States and Japan.13. The British media have many important functions. Which of the following is an exception?A. They supply people with news, keeping them informed about what is happening inthe world.B. They make huge profit by publishing advertisements.C. They promote culture and educationD. They provide entertainment.14. Australia is divided into three geological parts. They are:A. The Great Dividing Range, NSW, and Tasmania.B. The Australian Alps, the Great Dividing Range and Western Australia.C. Northern Territory, South Australia and Tasmania.D. The Great Western Plateau, the Central Eastern Lowlands and the Eastern Highlands.15. The state that had the first British settlement isA. QueenslandB. New South WalesC. Western AustraliaD. Victoria16. Since the early 1960s, ______ has grown to be Australia’s largest trading partner.A. BritainB. the European CommunityC. JapanD. China17. Which of the following writers established the early traditions of Australian writing?A. Henry LawsonB. Henry KendallC. Joseph FurphyD. Patrick White18. The aim of the Nation Campaign against Drug Abuse in Austria isA. to ban the use of legal and illegal drugs.B. to ban the use of legal illegal drugs.C. to ban the use of illegal drugs among young people.D. to reduce the harm caused by the misuse of legal and illegal drugs.19. The first settlers of New Zealand were __________.A. voyagers from East PolynesiaB. European navigatorsC. Sealers and whalersD. Christian missionaries20. In 1769, ________ visited New Zealand and claimed it for Britain.A. Abel TasmanB. James CookC. Christian missionariesD. sealers and whalersII. Directions:There are 10 questions in this part. Answer each of the questions in one full sentence and write you answer on the answer sheet. (20%)21. When do people in Northern Ireland celebrate St. Patrick Day?22. What people or government bodies are responsible for the British foreign policy-making?23. How long have the Aboriginal people been living in Australia?24. What is the population of Australia?25. What are the official languages in New Zealand?26. What are the three major national parties in Britain?27. What does the British parliament consist of?28. Where is the international tennis championships held?29. How many newspapers are there in Britain?30. What does the ABC in Australia stand for?III. Directions:Explain each of the following 6 out of 8. Write your answer at the appropriate place on the ANSWER SHEET (30%, 5 points for each)31. owner-occupation32. the Functions of British Parliament33. Open University34. New South Wales35. The UK’s manufacturing industry36. Oxbridge37. Boxing Day38. The Constitution英语国家概况模拟试题3答案I:1. D2. D3. D4. A5. A6. D7. B8. C9. B 10. D11. B 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. B 16. C 17. A 18. D 19. A 20. BII. Directions: (20%)There are 10 questions in this part. Answer each of the questions in one full sentence and write you answer on the answer sheet. (20%)21.People in Northern Ireland celebrate St. Patrick’s Day on March 17.22. The Prime Minister and Cabinet, the Foreign Commonwealth Office and Ministry of Defence and the Treasury are responsible for the British foreign policy-making.23. The Aboriginal people have been living in Australia for about 40000 to 60000 years.24. Australia’s population is more than 17 million people.25. English and Maori are the official languages in New Zealand.26. The Conservative Party, the Labour Party and the Liberal Democrats are the three major political parties in Britain.27. The British Parliament consists of the Queen, the House of Lords and the House of Commons.28. The international tennis championships is held in Wimbledon.29.There are about 1400 newspapers in Britain.30. the ABC stands for the Australian Broadcasting Corporation.III. Directions:Explain each of the following 6 out of 8. Write your answer at the appropriate place on the ANSWER SHEET (30%, 5 points for each)31. owner-occupationIt means that people own the homes they live in. The UK has a very high proportion of owner-occupation----about 65% of the homes are owner-occupied. This is a higher proportion than in most of Europe.32. the Functions of British ParliamentThe functions of Parliament are: to vote for taxation, to scrutinize government policy, administration and expenditure and to debate the major issues of the day.33. Open UniversityOpen University was founded in Britain in the 1960s for people who may not get the opportunity for higher education for economic and social reasons. It’s open to everybody and does not demand the same formal educational qualifications as the other universities. University courses are followed through TV, radio, correspondence, videos and a network of study centers. At the end of their studies at the Open University, successful students are awarded a university degree.34. New South WalesNSW is in the southeast of the Australia continent. It was where the first English penal settlement was established in Australia. It has the largest population among the six states. Sydney, the largest city in Australia, is its capital.35. The UK’s manufacturing industryThe manufacturing industry produces 22% of the UK’s national wealth. British companies are particularly strong in pharmaceuticals, chemicals, aerospace and food and drink.36. OxbridgeOxbridge refers to the two top universities in Britain: Oxford and Cambridge. These two universities not only offer good education, but also offer a network of connections. Graduates from these universities occupy a high proportion of the top level of many aspects of British society.37. Boxing DayIt is a typical British tradition celebrated on the day after Christmas. People used to give Christmas gifts or money to their staff or servants on this day. And now they mostly do shopping, pay visits, enjoy eating or just relax.38. The ConstitutionBritain has no written Constitution. The foundations of the British state are laid out in statute law, which are laws passed by Parliament; the common laws, which are laws established through common practice in the courts; and conventions.英语国家概况模拟题4I. Directions:There are 20 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the correct answer to each of the questions and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)1．In the seventeenth century, the English government encouraged people from Scotland and Northern England to emigrate to the north of Ireland, becauseA. they wanted to increase its control over Ireland.B. They had too many people and didn’t have enough space for them to live in.C. They intended to expand their investment.D. They believed that Ireland was the best place for them.2. Which of the following is NOT characteristic of British government?A. It offers the Queen high political status and supreme power.B. It is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy.C. It is the oldest representative democracy in the world.D. It has no written form of Constitution.3. Which group of people can NOT vote in the general election?A. members in the House of CommonsB. Lords in the House of LordsC. the UK citizens above the age 18D. the UK resident citizens of the Irish Republic4. Which of the following statements about the UK economy is NOT true?A. Britain remains one of the Group of Seven large industrial economies.B. Britain has experienced a relative economic decline since 1945.C. There has been a period of steady decreasing of living standards.D. Some smaller economies have overtaken the UK in terms of output per capita.5. What flourished in Elizabethan age more than any other form of literature?A. NovelB. EssayC. DramaD. Poetry6. Which of the following was NOT an activity in Shakespeare’s time?A. playing footballB. having a drink at the pubC. working the landD. attending the Grand National7. Which one of the following is NOT particularly British Christmas tradition?A. enjoying the PantomimeB. the Queen broadcasting her Christmas messageC. receiving gifts from Santa ClausD. shopping on the Boxing Day8. In Britain, the great majority of parents send their children toA. private schoolsB. independent schoolsC. state schoolsD. public schools9. Which of the following is true under Thatcher’s administration?A. The proportion of owner-occupation decreased.B. Public housing became more important.C. Many public houses were sold to the people.D. The UK became more European-like in its housing arrangements.10. Which of the following is the British oldest daily newspaper?A. the TelegraphB. The GuardianC. The News of the worldD. The Times.11. Which of the following phrases cannot be used to describe the continent of Australia?A. the smallest continent。

英语国家概况复习题(3).doc

广东外语外贸大学成人高等教育《英语国家概况》第三套复习题I. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T for True and F for False . ( 1.5 points each , 30 points in total )1.In reality, the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers.2.British Parliament is the law-making body of the British government.3.The members in the House of Lords are appointed rather than elected.4.The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament.5.Cabinet members in Britain are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties inParliament.6.The British history before 55 BC is basically undocumented.7.The Celts became the dominant group in Britain between the 8th and 5th centuries BC.8.The name of Britain came from an Angle-Saxon tribe – the Britons.9.The Anglo –Saxons came to Britain before the Roman invasion.10.The Vikings began to attack the English coasts in the 6th century.11.Henry II built up a large empire which included England and most of France.12.The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and the townspeople.13.The Hundred Years’War was a series of wars fought between England and Normans for trade andterritory, security and the throne.14.In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions, Queen Elizabeth I actuallydefended the fruit of the Religious Reformation.15.Britain was the first industrialized nation in the world and still is today.16.The British economy experienced a relative decline during the postwar period.17.Thatcher’s revolution turned out to be a great success in dealing with all the British economic andsocial problems.18.Britain is the world’s leading exporter of poultry and dairy products.19.The climate in the United States can be classified as temperate, with some mild subtropical andtropical zones.20.When children finish schooling at 16 in Britain, they are required to take A-level exams.Answer keys: 1. F 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. F 6. T 7. T 8.F 9. F 10. F11. T 12. F 13. T 14. T 15. F 16. T 17. F 18. F 19. T 20. FII. Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements. (2 points each, 40 points in total)1. In ___B_____, the British Parliament passed two important acts to establish a welfare state.A. 1945B. 1946C. 1947D. 19482. Of the following practices, ___C______ does not belong to Thatcher’s social welfare reform.A. reducing child benefitsB. shortening the unemployment benefits periodC. reducing the unemploymentD. lowering old age pensions3. The Blair government has been successful in all the following aspects except ____D______.A. limiting government spendingB. keeping inflation under controlC. reducing unemploymentD. reducing inequality4. Britain has devoted ____C_____ of its land area to agriculture.A. 54%B. 64%C. 74%D. 84%5. The car industy in Britain is mostly ____A_______.A. foreign-ownedB. state-ownedC. joint-ventureD. privately-owned6. Of the following sectors in Britain, _____C_____ has experienced spectacular growth since the end ofWorld War II.A. agricultureB. energy industyC. service industyD. manufacturing industy7. In Britain, the division between grammar schools and vocational schools were ended by theintroduction of comprehensive schools in the ____D_______.A. 1930sB. 1940sC. 1950sD. 1960s8. About ____B____ of British children receive primary and secondary education through the independentsystem.A. 5%B. 6%C. 7%D.8%9. Partially funded by central government grants, the British universities receive their remaining fundsfrom all the following sources except _____B_____.A. tuition feesB. loansC. donationsD. corporate contribution10. Of the following, ____A______ is NOT a basis of admission to Britain’s universities.A. result in national entrance testB. A-level resultC. an interviewD. school references11. Among Britain’s quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as the “ Big Three” with theexception of ____C______.A. The TimesB. The GuardianC.The ObserverD. The Daily Telegraph12. The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except __A_______A. Trooping the ColorB. Queen’s Christmas messagesC. Boxing DayD. Christmas pantomime13. The state of ___A____ is the largest in area of all the states.A. AlaskaB. HawaiiC. TexasD. Florida14. The U.S. lies in ____A______ North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, theAtlantic to its __________ and the Pacific to its __________.A. northern, east, westB. central, east, westC. southern, west, eastD. western, east, west15. The largest river in the U.S. is ____B_______.A. the Missouri RiverB. the Mississippi RiverC. the Ohio RiverD. the Colorado River16. Some of the world famous universities like Harvard, Yale and MIT are located __C______.A. in the southB. along the Pacific CoastC. in New EnglandD. in the Midwest17. The largest minority in the United States is the ___B______.A. Pacific IslandersB. BlacksC.Native AmericansD. Asians18. The characteristic of dominant American culture is _____D________.A. English-speaking, northern European, Roman Catholic and middle-classB. English-speaking, western European, Roman Catholic and upper-classC. English-speaking, northern European, Protestant and upper-classD. English-speaking, western European, Protestant and middle-class19. The first successful English colony in North America was founded at __C_____ in _________.A. Jamestown, LouisianaB. Boston, MassachusettesC. Jamestown, VirginiaD. Plymouth, Georgia20. Pilgrim Fathers are a group of ____B___ who came to America to avoid persecution in England.A. ProtestantsB. PuritansC. CatholicsD. Christians。

英语国家概况标准模拟试卷三

I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answer to the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (50 points, I point for each)1.The geographical names for the U.K. are_A_A. the British Isles, Great Britain, EnglandB. the British Isles, Great Britain, Northern IrelandC. the British Isles, Great Britain, the United KingdomD. Britain, England, the United Kingdom2._A_, the great Roman general, invaded Britain for the first time in 55BC.A. Julius CaesarB. The Emperor ClaudiusC.BoadiceaD.Agricola3."Domesday Book" was comiled during the rule of _A_A.WiliamB.William IIC.Henry IID.king Stephen4.The Hundred Year's War started in 1337 and was ended in 1453, in which ___B___was the only part of France that was still in the hands of the English．A. Flanders B．Calais C．Argencourt D.Brest5.The Black Death, which ravaged England in 1348-49, carried off _D_A. three fourths of the popoulationB. one fourth of the populationC.one fifth of the populationD.between one half and one third of the population6.People call King Edward's switch to _B_ theology "The Reformation".A. CatholicB.ProtestantC.JewishD.Puritan7.The Renaissance was typified by the universal genius _B_A. Francis BaconB.Leonardo Da VineiC.Jakob BurckhardtD.William Shakespeare8.Shakespeare was born at _B_ in Warwickshire, England, in 1564.A. Stoke-on-TrentB.Stratford-on-AvonC.Berwick - upon-TweedD.Bradford-on-Avon9.The battles between King Charles and the Parliament from 1642 to 1646 were called the _C_ in English history.A. Religious WarB. Wars of the RosesC.First Civil WarD.Second Civil War10.Which of the following statements is not true? DA. The open field system wasted land.B. The open field system was wasterful of labor and time.C. The open farming system made livestock farming difficult.D.The open farming system provided a good opportunity to experiments.11.By the early 19th century, Britain had a road network of some _B_ miles.A. 115 000B.120 000C. 125 000D.130 00012.The objective of teh Chartist Movement was democratic rights for all men, and it took its name from "C_"A.The Bill of RightsB.The Agreement of the PeopleC. the People's CharterD.the Great Charter13.In 1836, a group of skilled workers and _C_ formed the London Working Men's Association.A.householdersB.tenantsC.small shopkeepersD.office workers14.The head ofState of the United Kingdom is the _A_A. King (Queen)B.PresidentC.Prime MinisterD.Lord Chancellor15.The United Kingdom is a _c_ State.A.federalB.feudalC.unitaryD.republic16.The Houses of Parliament were rebuilt between 1835 and _A_ to the design of Sir Charles Barry after having been destroyed by fire.A. 1857B. 1858C. 1859D.186017.In Britain, a full meeting of _A_ is called only when a Sovereign dies or announces his or her intention to marry.A. the Privy CouncilB. the House of LordsC.the House of CommonsD.the Parliament18.The first women priests of Church of England were ordained in _B_A. March 1921B.March 1994C. April 1972D.April 1997A. B. C. D.19._B_ is more important than Christmas to Sctos.A. Whit SundayB.New Year's DayC. April Fools'DayD.Easter20.The modern games of tennis originated in _C_ in the late 19th century.A.ScotlandB.IrelandC.EnglandD.Wales21.The most famous art festival in Britain is _C_A.the Royal National Eisteddford of WalesB. the Llangollen International EisteddfordC.the Edinburgh International Festival of Music and DramaD. the Bath Festival of Music22.The central part of Ireland is characterized by mandy lakes, low ridges and _A_A. peat bogsB.rapid streamsC.small islandsD.high cliffs23.Throughout most of its history, _A_ was a major problem that plagued Ireland.A. emigrationB. population distributionC. ethnic conflictD.birth control24.The United States had a more or less open-door policy to immigration from independence until _A_A. the 1960sB.the 1970sC.the 1980sD.the 1990s25.In Aerican history, the Pilgrim Fathers refer to those who came to __C_ on board of Mayflower.A. VirginiaB. HampshirsC.PlymouthD.Main26.Puritan tradition was mainly developed in _B_ colony.A. VirginiaB. MassachusettsC.PennsylvaniaD.New York27.The War of Independence started in _D_ and ended in _.A. 1773,1774B.1775,1776C. 1776,1783D.1775,178328.During the War of Independence, America allied with _B_A. SpainB. FranceC. HollandD.Germany29.The Articles of Confederation was unusual in many ways. Which of the following is not true? DA.It provided for no king.B. It was a written constitution for the United States.C. It created a central government in the form of a CongressD.The head of the nation was the king.30.Which of the folowing statements shows the tremendous growth of American econoy between the end of the Civil War and 1900?DA. Steam and electricity replaced human muscle.B.Machines and oil were usedC. Steel took the place of iron; people and goods could be moved by railroads.D.All of the above31.The Progressive Movement was _D_A. an organized campaign with definite goals.B. a movement aiming at exposing the dark side of societyC.not an organized campaign with efforts to improve people's living standardD.a number of diverse efforts at political , social and economic reforms.32.The Paris Conference was a conference of division of colnies of Except_C_A. GermanyB.Austro-Hungary EmpireC.FranceD.the Ottoman Empire33.During the sedond World War, Roosevelt, Stalin and Churchill met at ___BA.Teheran , Yalta and PotsdamB. Teheran and YaltaC. Yalta , Potsdam and BerlinD.Teheran and Potsdam34.The essence of the Truman Doctrine was _A_A. to provide economic and military support to any country which was fighting against internal Communist rebgels or external Communist pressureB.to provide aid for Greece and Turkey which were fighting against CommunismC.to provide economic aid to needy countries.D.to give moral support to the struggle of free people.35.The idea of containment was first brought up by _D_A. Harry TrumanB. Franklin D. RooseveltC. MarshallD.George Kennan36.The U.S established normal diplomatic relations with China in _D_A. November 1963B.February 1972C.November 1978D.January 197937.The United States has a free-market economy with a dominant _C_ sector.A. state-ownedB. collectiveC.privateD.corporate38.In America, the first period of the party system refers to the appearance of _C_A. the FederalistsB. the Anti-FederalistsC. the Federalists and the Anti-FederalistsD.the Democratic -Republicans and tehAnti-Federalists.39.Elemenatry and secondary education in the United States covers _C_ years.A. 10B.11C.12D.1340.In the U.S., admission to an institution is determined by _B.A. governing boardB.each universityC. studentsD.the secondary school41.Franklin's Poor Richard's Almanac is _D_A.his autobiographyB. a novelC. a copy of travelsD.an annual collection of proverbs42.T. S. Eliot's The Waste Land is important because it ___D___ .A. deals with the cultural glories of the pastB. praises the lost generationC. is highly traditionalD. reveals the spiritual crisis of post-WWI Europe and it is original in form43.Welcoming _A is one of the oldest and gayest customs the world over.A. New Year's DayB.Christmas DayC.Thanksgiving DayD.Easter Sunday44.In the United States, Halloween is a night-time _A_ holiday.A. children'sB.men'sC.women'sD.old men's45.The first Thanksgiving Day was celebrated by the Pilgrims in Plymouth, Massachusetts on _A_ 1621.A. December 13B.October 13C.April 13D.January 1346.Who was the first prime minister of the new Canada? AA. Sir John MacdonaldB.Sir Wilfrid LaurierC.Robert BordenD.Mackenize King.47.In 1896, _B_ took over and the country was ruled under Sir Wilfrid Laurier.A. the Conservative PartyB. the Liberal PartyC. the Labor PartyD.the New Democratic Party48.With regard to its size,Australia is _D_ coutnry in the world.A.the third largestB.the fourth largestC. the fifth largestD. the sixth largest49.Austrailia is one of the most urbanized in the world with _C_ of its population living in the suburbs of coastal cities and towns.A. 60%B. 70%C.80%D.90%50.New Zealand is made up of a group of islands, the most important of which are _A_A. North Island and South IslandB.Christmas Island and Middle IslandC. Northern Island and Southern IslandD.Stewart Island and South IslandII. Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following question. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet (30 points, 3 points for each)51.What is the Renaissance?Renaissance was the revival of classical literature and artistic styles in European history.52.When did the Queen Victoria become Empress of India?In 1877 Queen Victoria became Empress of India.53.When is the Sovereign's birthday offically celebrated?It is officially celebated in June every year.54.What are the main unestablished churches in Britain?They are the Anglican Churches, the Free Churches and the Roman Catholic Church.55.Explain why Ireland been geographically compared to a basin?In Ireland, a limestone plateau is rimmed by coastal highlands.56.When did the "Baby Boom" occur?It occured between 1946 and 1964.57.What is meant by "Vietnamization" of the war?It meant that South Vietnamese troops would be war-built up to replace American fighting force.58.What were the two serious weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?There was no national executive or law-enforcing branch;Neither was there a national court system.59.What is "Urban sprawl"?It refers to a city that has grown over large area of land.60.What caused the land disputes between the Maoris and the settlers in New Zealand? The land disputes were mainly caused by the rapid acquistition of Mari land by the government and pressure by settlers for direct purchase.Ш Explain each of the following terms in English. Write yore- answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words. (20 points, 5 points for each)61.ThatcherismMrs. Thatcher's policies were usually called Thatcherism. It included the return to private ownership of state-owned industries, the use of monetarist policies to control inflation, the weakening of trade unions, the strengthening of the role of market forces in the economy and an emphasis on law and order.62.Operation OverlordOperation overlord was the code name for Ally landing on the south of France. It was launched in May, 1944. The decision of launching Operation overlord was made at the Teheran Conference. presidential inaugurationIn the US the presidential term of four year begins on Jan 20. The president starts his official duties with an inauguration ceremony held on the steps of teh US Capitol. The president takes an oath of office, administered by Chief Justice, which is followed by an inauguration address.64.The Flying DoctorsIt is a special health service which provides care for people living in isolated areasin Australia. People can use radio to call doctors who will come by plane. They are called flying doctors.。

英语国家概况3

1．第1题Which civil airline was started in 1924 after the First World War?A.Imperial AirwaysB.BritishAirwaysC.Hawker-Siddeley AviationD.the British Aircraft Corporation您的答案：A2．第2题Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.In 1981, some convicted IRA prisoners went onA hunger-strike.B.They demanded for the status of being “political prisoners” by starving themselvC.Margaret Thatcher’s government gave in to their political demand.D.The death of prisoners revitalized the political movement of Sinn Fein.您的答案：C3．第3题Which of the following was first adopted in Australia?A.The three-tier government systemB.Secret BallotsC.The two-chamber parliamentD.The public services您的答案：B4．第4题_________is the oldest newspaper in Australia.A.The Sydney Morning HeraldB.The AustralianC.The MercuryD.The Australian Financial Review您的答案：A5．第5题Which of the following is NOT guaranteed in the Bill of Rights?A.The freedom of religion.B.The freedom of searching a person’s home by police.C.The freedom of speech and of the press.D.The right to own weapons if one wishes.您的答案：B6．第6题The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except ___A.George Washington.B.Thomas Jefferson.C.William Penn.D.Benjamin Franklin.您的答案：C7．第7题Public servants in New Zealand are officials working in government departmentsA.whose appointments are independent of political process.B.whose appointments are determined by government ministers.C.who will lose their positions when the government changes.D.who are members of the party in power.您的答案：A8．第8题Black Americans sang the anthem of the civil rights movements,“_________” affirming their commitment to fight racial prejudice.A.“Let it all hang out.”B.“Hell, no, we won’t go.”C.“We Shall Overcome.”D.“Speak your heart without interruption”您的答案：C9．第14题Which country/area is Australia’s largest export market for beef and veal?A.SingaporeB.The United StatesC.The Republic of KoreaD.The Middle East您的答案：B10．第15题The three influential Canadian Prime Ministers have a lot of things in common. Which of the following is the exception?A.They came from Quebec and could speak French as fluently as English.B.They were educated as lawyers.C.They shared the vision of a strong, united Canada and worked hard to overcome thD. They belong to the same political party.您的答案：D11．第16题In 1816 the Irish Volunteers and the Irish Citizen Army staged a rebellion against British rule, recorded in history as ____.A.the Easter Rising of 1916B.the Home Rule CampaignC.the Fenian movementD.the national agrarian movement您的答案：A12．第17题Judges are appointed by ____ on the advice of ____.A.the Senate, the GovernmentB.the Parliament, the Prime MinisterC.the Prime Minister, the ParliamentD.the President, the Government您的答案：D13．第18题What is the first official language of the Irish Republic?A.EnglishB.IrishC.CelticD.Gaelic您的答案：B14．第26题Which group of people can NOT vote in the general election?A.members in the House of CommonsB.Lords in the House of LordsC.the UK citizens Above the Age of 18D.the UK resident citizens of the Irish Republic您的答案：B15．第27题Which of the following statements about the UK economy is NOT true?A.Britain remains one of the Group of Seven large industrial economies.B. Britain has experienced A relative economic decline since 1945.C.There has been A period of steady decreasing of living standards.D.Some smaller economies have overtaken the UK in terms of output per capita.您的答案：C16．第28题In 1969, the British soldiers were seen on Northern Ireland Street. They came firstA.to maintain traffic order in Northern Ireland.B.to protect the Catholic people.C.to protect the Protestant people.D.to replace the Royal Ulster Constabulary since they were unable to keep social o您的答案：B17．第29题In 1988, Canada established with _____ the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) to help facilitate economic integration, and later _____ joined the group.A.the United States, MexicoB.Australia, New ZealandC. Great Britain, FranceD. Norway, Mexico您的答案：A18．第30题Which of the following about the north region of Canada is NOT true?A.The north is a scarcely populated area of ice and oceans.B.Most of the inhabitants are Aboriginal people.C.In 1999, there will be three administrative territories here.D.People in this region depend only on arts and crafts for living.您的答案：D19．第31题By 1985, how many per cent of immigrants were non-European?A.30 per centB.80 per centC.60 per centD.50 per cent您的答案：C20．第32题Who are qualified to vote at local elections?A.Only Irish citizensB.Irish and British citizensC.Residents of Ireland and Northern IrelandD.All residents of Ireland, regardless of citizenship您的答案：D21．第33题When did the participation in second level education rise from about 45% to up to 90%?A.After 1950B.After 1960C.After 1970D.After 1980您的答案：B22．第36题Which invention marked the beginning of “The Age of Visual Information”?A.newspaper.B.telegraph.undry machine.D.television.您的答案：D23．第37题In January 1965, President Johnson declared “____________” to eliminate poverty “by opening to e veryone the opportunity to live in decency and dignity.”A.war against VietnamB.war against povertyC.war against JapanD.New Frontier program您的答案：B24．第38题The Maori word “Marae” means _________.A.Maori cultureB.non-Maori or EuropeanC.protocolD.meeting house您的答案：D25．第39题Which of the following was NOT one of the three forces that led to the modern development of Europe?A.The growth of capitalism.B.The Renaissance.C.The Religious Reformation.D.The spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic Church.您的答案：D26．第40题According to the text, when the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor in 1941, who considered the Japanese population in the west coast of North America a potential security threat?A.the federal government of CanadaB.the local governments in CanadaC.the United NationsD.Amnesty International您的答案：B27．第41题Up until 1970’s the Irish economy was ____.A.inward-lookingB.trade-dependentC.based on serviceD.based on manufacturing您的答案：A28．第42题Under the Constitution, the President of Ireland is elected by ___.A.the majority of the Parliament and SenateB.the majorityC.direct vote from Irish peopleD.indirect vote from Irish people您的答案：CIn Ireland, writers can publish their works ______.A.Only in IrishB.Only in EnglishC.in either Irish or EnglishD.in neither Irish nor English您的答案：C30．第44题The first Irish national state was set up in _____.A.1919B.1920C.1922D.1949您的答案：C31．第9题Beef cattle is the livestock hat has the biggest number in the UK.您的答案：错误32．第10题Service industry does not include steelmaking.您的答案：正确33．第11题Mark Twain’s works are characterized by egotism.您的答案：错误34．第12题The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was founded in 1945.您的答案：错误35．第13题During the Cold War period, the United States and the Soviet Union were on the brink of a nuclear war when the US fought the Korean War.您的答案：错误36．第19题Playing football is NOT an activity in Shakespeare’s time.您的答案：错误37．第20题Rabbits have nothing to do with Easter.您的答案：错误38．第21题Drama flourished the Elizabethan age more than any other form of literature.您的答案：正确39．第22题Telephone led to the end of the Pony Express System.您的答案：错误The Australian government adopted a more interventionis role in the economic development of the country before the 1980s and after that period.您的答案：正确41．第24题The Vietnam War lasted about 20 years.您的答案：正确42．第25题The Clinton Administration made national security, contraction and economic prosperity the three pillars of American foreign policy.您的答案：错误43．第34题In its imperial prime, Britain ruled two-thirds of the earth.您的答案：错误44．第35题The Scottish Kings decide to form an independent singular Scottish state in the ninth century because they needed a unified independent nation to fight against Viking raids.您的答案：正确45．第45题If a student wants to go to university in Britain, he will take the examination called General Certificate of Education –Advanced.您的答案：正确46．第46题The Times is the British oldest daily newspaper.您的答案：错误题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.047．第47题Many public houses were sold to the people under Thatcher’s administration.您的答案：正确48．第48题Technical institutions are not mentioned in American higher education.您的答案：错误49．第49题Emancipists were retired officials.您的答案：错误50．第50题The Mabo Decision declared the rejection of the principle of “terranullius”.您的答案：正确作业总得分：98.0。

（完整版）英语国家概况试题库

（完整版）英语国家概况试题库英语国家概况试题库I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (10%)1. The Constitution of the United States was framed in Philadelphia in _________.A. 1776B. 1783C. 1787D. 16202. In the United States, the Department of ______ advises the President on foreign relations.A. DefenseB. StateC. CommerceD. Labor3. Representatives in the Unites States are elected _________.A. annuallyB. every two yearsC. every three yearsD. every four years4. Which of the following has the power to make federal laws and levy federal taxes?A. The executiveB. The legislativeC. The judicialD. The president5. The New Deal was started by ________.A. Franklin D. RooseveltB. J. F. KennedyC. George WashingtonD. Thomas Jefferson6. Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the three basic religious beliefs?A. ProtestantismB. CatholicismC. IslamD. Judaism7. Which of the following is NOT a power of the President in the U.S.?A. To veto the bills passed by the CongressB. To appoint federal judges when vacancies occurC. To propose legislation to the CongressD. To make laws8. The first Catholic President in the U.S. was _______.A. John F. KennedyB. George WashingtonC. Abraham LincolnD. George W. Bush9. Due to his firm belief in non-violent peaceful protest in the spirit of India’s leader Gandhi, _______ was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964.A. Malcolm XB. John F. KennedyC. Martin Luther King, Jr.D. James Farmer10. In 1972, U.S. President _____ made a trip to China to improve relations with thePeople’s Republic of China.A. CarterB. TrumanC. BushD. Nixon11. ________ were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England.A. The Anglo-SaxonsB. The NormansC. The Danish VikingsD. The Romans12. ________ is the smallest of the four parts of Great Britain.A. EnglandB. WalesC. ScotlandD. Northern Ireland13. All of the following are major national parties in Great Britain except ________.A. the Conservative PartyB. the Labour PartyC. the Liberal DemocratsD. the Republican Party14. In Britain, a “vote of no confidence” is decided by _________.A. the House of CommonsB. the House of LordsC. the two major partiesD. the Prime Minister15. In Britain, the great majority of parents send their children to ___________.A. private schoolsB. independent schoolsC. state schoolsD. public schools16. Through the examination called “the 11 plus”, students with academic potential go to _____.A. grammar schoolsB. comprehensive schoolsC. public schoolsD. technical schools17. Which of the following is not involved in making the foreign policy in Britain?A. The QueenB. The Foreign and Commonwealth OfficeC. The Prime Minister and the CabinetD. The Ministry of Defence and the Treasury18. Which group of people CANNOT vote in the general election?A. Members in the House of CommonsB. Lords in the House of LordsC. The UK citizens above the age of 18D. The UK resident citizens of the Irish Republic19. Halloween is celebrated on __________.A. October 31stB. November 5thC. March 17thD. December 25th20. All of the following was invented in Britain except ________.A. footballB. tennisC. basketballD. cricketII. Define terms1. Bill of Rights in the United States[The Bill of Rights consists of the first ten amendments which were added to the Constitution in 1791. It was passed to guarantee freedom and individual rights such as freedom of speech, the right to assemble in public places, the right to own weapons and so on.]2. Judicial review[Judicial review refers to the power of the Supreme Court to decide whether congressional legislation or executive action violates the Constitution.]3. The strategy of preemption in U.S. foreign policy[It is also known as the Bush Doctrine. In an address delivered to the West Point graduates, President Bush, for the first time, put forward the strategy of preemption. By preemption, the US means that when it determines that a country which is repressive and hostile to the US has acquired or produced weapons of mass destruction or has the potential to have such weapons, the US should use force to remove this threat to US security and should not wait till the danger becomes imminent or until the US is attacked.]4. The House of Lords[The House of Lords consists of the Lord Spiritual, who are the Archbishops and most prominent bishops of the Church of England; and the Lords Temporal, which refers to those lords whoeither have inherited the seat from their forefathers or have been appointed. The lords mainly represent themselves instead of the interests of the public.]5. Comprehensive schools (in Britain)[Comprehensive schools are the most popular secondary schools in Britain today. Such schools admit children without reference to their academic abilities and provide a general education. Pupils can study everything from academic subjects like literature to more practical subjects like cooking.]6. Constitutional monarchy (in Britain)[Constitutional monarchy is a monarchy in which the powers of the ruler are restricted to those granted under the constitution and laws of the nation. In Britain, the Queen is the official head of state, but her powers are largely traditional and symbolic. The constitution allocates the rest of the government’s power to the legislature and judiciary.]7. Federalism[A federal system is one in which power is shared between a central authority and its constituent parts, with some rights reserved to each.]8. Counterculture[In the wake of the Free Speech Movement and the New Left, there appeared a phenomenon that historians called the counterculture. It rejected capitalism and other American principles. They had morals different from those taught by their parents. Some groups of youth tried to construct different ways of life. Among the most famous were the hippies. They sought new experience through dropping out and drug taking. But it was music, rock music in particular, that became the chief vehicle for the counter cultural assault on the traditional American society.The cou nterculture exerted a great influence upon people’s attitudes toward social morals, marriages, career and success.]9. Affirmative Action[It is a program that seeks to redress past discrimination through active measures to ensure equal opportunity, as in education and employment.]10. Blues (music)[Blues refers to a type of slow, sad music from the Southern US, from the city of New Orleans. It is derived from a blend of field chantey and spiritual – a form of hymn singing prevalent in African American Christian churches. The tradition of the vocal ballad usually accompanied by a guitar also contributed to the form of Blues. The music of the Blues has a peculiar, poignant sadness. The lyrics of the blues pieces are sardonic filled with wry, self-deprecating humor.]11. Sep. 11 terrorist attack[On September 11, 2001, terrorists hijacked four American passenger planes, two smashing into the World Trade Towers, one into the Pentagon, and the fourth one smashing into the fields in Pennsylvania as a result of the struggle by the passengers. 3,000 innocent lives were lost in the terrorist attacks. The whole world was shocked, and anti-terrorism became a priority on the agenda of the majority of the countries all over the world.]12. The House of Commons[The House of Commons is the real center of British political life because it it the place where about 650 elected representatives (Members of Parliament) make and debate policy. These MPs are elected in the General Elections and should represent the interests of the people who vote for them.]13. Grammar schools[It is a type of secondary schools in Britain. Grammar schools select children at the age of 11 through an examination called “11 plus”. Those children with the highest marks go to grammar schools, which lay emphasis on advanced academic subjects rather than the more general curriculum of the comprehensive schools and expect many of their pupils to go on to universities.]14. Puritanism[Puritans were those who followed the doctrine of John Calvin and wanted to purify the Church of England. They believe that human beings are predestined by God before they are born. Some are God’s chosen people while others are damned to hell. Neither church nor good work can save people. The sign of being God’s elect is succ ess in his work or prosperity in his calling. They also argue that everyone must read the Bible in order to find God’s will and establish a direct contact with God. These beliefs have produced a great impact upon American culture.]15. New Deal[The New Deal refers to the domestic reform program of the administration of Franklin D. Roosevelt. It is generally considered to consist of two phases. In the first phase (1933—1934), attempts were made to provide recovery and relief from the Great Depression through programs of agricultural and business regulation, inflation and price stabilization. In the second phase (1935—1941), social and economic legislation was provided to benefit the mass of working people.]III. Answer questions briefly.1. What are the four basic requirements for secondary school students who want to apply for a respected university in the United States?[Four requirements for university applicants in the United States: high school records; recommendations from high school teachers; impression during interviews by the university; scores on the Scholastic Aptitude Tests.]2. Describe briefly the three-tiered national court system of the U.S.[America federal court system consists of three levels: the Supreme Court, federal court of appeal, and federal district court.]3. Describe the four categories of institutions which comprise the system of higher education in the United States.[American higher education system is composed of four categories: the universitywhich can confer bachelor’s, master’s and doctoral degrees; the four-year undergraduate institutions; the technical training institution; and the two-year college or community college.]4. List the roles of the monarchy in Britain today.[The role of the monarch today is primarily a symbol of tradition and the unity of the state. Besides, she is legally the head of the executive, an integral part of the legislature, head of the judiciary, commander in chief of the armed forces, and supreme governor of the Church of England. She also acts as advisor of the Prime Minister.]5. What factors play an important role in the contemporary foreign policy of UK? [Answer: Contemporary foreign policy of UK is influenced mainly by three factors: its imperial history, its geopolitical traits, and its special relationship with the United States.]6. It is said that British history has been a history of invasions. What are the major invasions?[The major invasions in the history of Britain include the Roman invasion in 43 A.D., the invasion by the Angles and the Saxons, the invasion by the Vikings from Scandinavia, and the Norman Conquest.]7. Illustrate the principle of checks and balances with examples.[It is a principle of government under which separate branches are empowered to prevent actions by other branches and are induced to share power. Example of checks and balances: the president has the power to veto bills and suggest bills; the judges are appointed by the president; the Congress can impeach the president; the Supreme Court has the power to decide whether a law or directive is constitutional (judicial review).]8. What are the major functions of British Parliament?[The functions of British Parliament are: to pass laws; to vote for taxation; to scrutinize government policy, administration and expenditure; and to debate the major issues of the day.]9. What were the major ideas in the Declaration of Independence?[The document declared that all men were equal and that they were entitled to some unalienable rights such as life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. It also explained the philosophy of government: the power of government came from the consent of the governed and the purpose of government was to secure the rights mentioned above. The theory of politics and the guiding principles of the American Revolution mainly came from John Locke.]10. What are the powers of the US president?[The president can propose legislation to Congress. He canveto any bill passed by Congress. But the veto can be overridden by a two-thirds vote in both houses. The president can appoint federal judges as vacancies occur. He is the commander-in-chief of the armed forces. He has other broad authorities in running departments and handling foreign relations.]11. What are the two major concerns of many Americans about their political system? Why?[One concern is about the high cost of campaigning for public office, which may force candidates to spend more time raising money than dealing with important issues. The other concern is about the influence of the organized interest groups, which provide most of the money for political campaigns and thus pressurize the government officials to make policies in their favor.]12. What are the major features of American religion?[American religion is characterized by three major features. One is the harmonious co-existence of various religions. The second is the co-existence of strong religious beliefs and social progress. The Third is independence of church in terms of finance and building, and little concentration on doctrine or religious argument.]IV. Comment.1. Is American President directly elected by the people? Give reasons to support your idea.2. Describe the procedures of American presidential election.3. Discuss the factors which have contributed to the special relationship between Britain and the United States.4. Comment on the Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s in America.5. Discuss the structure of British government today.6. Discuss the racial problems between black and white in the United States.7. How does the US Constitution divide power among the three branches of government? How do the branches check and balance each other?8. Make a comparison and contrast between British government and American government.9. Analyze the major principles of government in the Constitution of U.S.。

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模拟试题三一、单项选择题1、The only surviving large mammals are _____.A、red deer and wolves?B、boars and wolves?C、roe deer and boars?D、red deer and roe deer?2、The Anglo-Saxons brought ________ religion to Britain.A、Druidism?B、Roman Catholic?C、Teutonic?D、Christian?3、The Independent Labor Party was led by _____.A、Jeremy Bentham?B、James Cook?C、Abel Tasman?D、Keir Hardie?4、On _____, Queen Elizabeth II approved a same-sex marriage bill..A、April 29, 2011?B、July 7, 2012?C、July 17, 2013?D、August 17, 2012?5、The poverty line in the UK is commonly defined as being _____ of the median household income.A、50%?B、65%?C、55%?D、60%?6、______ prepare them for higher education.A、Grammar schools?B、Secondary modern schools?C、Private schools?D、Higher schools?7、The modern game of ______ is generally accepted to have originated in England.A、swimming?B、football?C、skiing?D、diving?8、 In ______, figure skater Madge Cave Syers became the first female athlete to win a medal in the Winter Olympic Games.A、1896?B、1908?C、1948?D、1920?9、The UK’s biggest -selling newspaper is ______.A、the Daily Mail?B、the Daily Telegraph?C、the Daily Mirror?D、the Sun?the eastern slopes of the Rockies flow 10、The rivers that descend frominto _____.A、the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico?B、the Gulf of California and the Mississippi?C、the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf of California?D、the Mississippi and the Gulf of Mexico?11、Between 1980 and 1989, the South and West of the United States added ______ million people through net migration.A、?B、?C、?D、?12、The ______ founded their first permanent settlement on the continent at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607.A、English?B、Spanish?C、Dutch?D、Portuguese?13、State governments have the power to make laws for all citizens that arenot granted to the federal government or denied to the states in the US Constitution. These include _____, and most crimes.A、education, family law, constitution?B、education, family law, contract law?C、education, constitution, contract law?D、family law, constitution, contract law?14 、 In December ______, the Senate condemned McCarthy for certain improper, extreme behavior.A、1955?B、1956?C、1953?D、1954?15、Vietnam got independence in ______.A、1945?B、1944?C、1943?D、1946?16、By _____ Champlain had reached Quebec.A、1605?B、1606?C、1607?D、1608?17 、 The Constitution Act assigns specific responsibilities to the provinces and reserves all others for _____.A、the federal government?B、the president?C、the representative?D、the monarch?18、Pennsylvania was established by ______.A、Separatist Congregationalists?B、Quakers?C、Roman Catholics?D、Puritans?19、______ is a four-time winner of the Pulitzer Prize for drama and the only American playwright to win the Nobel Prize for literature.A、O’Neill?B、Henry James?C、Walt Whitman?D、James Fenimore Cooper?20、To a lesser degree in the early ______ century, film types that werepreviously considered to have only a minor presence in the mainstreammovie market began to arise as more potent American box office draws.A、20ty?B、19th?C、18th?D、21st?21、______ is observed on the last Monday of May.A、Martin Luther King, Jr. Day?B、Washington’s Birthday?C、Memorial Day?D、Independence Day?22、Canada covers about ______ of the North American continent.A、a half?B、a third?C、a quarter?D、two fifths?23、______ is the floral symbol of Australia and is celebrated on National Wattle Day each year on September 1.A、Eucalyptus trees?B、Maple tree?C、Dahurian larch?D、The golden wattle?24、The average maximumtemperature in _____ is 23℃ in summer, 14℃ in winter.A、Dunedin?B、Auckland?C、Christchurch?D、Nelson?25、 The secondary school system comprises private schools that are predominantly owned by _____.A、the enterprise?B、the state?C、the army?D、religious communities?26、Much of the world ’s w ool comes from ______.A、Ireland?B、Australia?C、New Zealand?D、Britain?27、The cinema of ______, often generally referred to as Hollywood.A、China?B、Janpan?C、the United States?D、England?28、The work of filmmakers and ______, a government board film-related services.actors throughout the UK is supported by that helps fund productions and secureA、Arts Council?B、British Broadcasting Corporation?C、Channel Four Television?D、Film Council?29、 In _____, Britain finally became a full member of the European Economic Community.A、January 1957?B、January 1974?C、January 1960?D、January 1973?30、The ______ brought with them the art of pottery making, the ability to fashion bronze tools and the custom of individual burial.A、Celts?B、Beaker Folk?C、Iberians?D、Anglo-Saxons?二、填空题1、Traditional farming involved _____, a system that dated back to the5th century.2、Amongseveral important social developments in the decades after World War II, the most evident was the rising standard of ______.3、International cricket matches, known as tests, began in 1877 with amatch between ______ and ______.4 、 The Progressive Movement was a movement demanding government regulation of _____.5、 On August 4, 1914, _____ issued an official statement proclaimingAmerican neutrality.6、_____is the oldest written constitution in the world.7、Post- secondary education, better known as “______” in the United States, is generally governed separately from the elementary and high school system.8、The influential landscape painters known as ______ devoted themselves to developing a national style in the first decades of the 20th century.9、There are also more than ______ private primary and secondary schools, most of them Roman Catholic or run by other religious groups.10、_____has long been the backbone of Irish agriculture.三、名词解释1、black Thursday2、The Bill of Rights四、简答题1、What is the relation between the papers and the political party2、How do the Appalachian Mountains and the Rocky mountains run3、What were the two weaknesses in the American economy in the 1920s4、Which was a great turning point of the American War of Independence5、What are the three branches of government6、There are major differences between the political system of the United States and that of most other developed countries. What do these differences include7、In what areas is Canada ’s agriculture located8、Why does New Zealand often have earthquakes9 、 Which battle is considered one of the most important events in Australian history and why10、What caused the fall in population in Ireland五、论述题1、What are the two major political parties in New Zealand How are theydifferent from each other答案部分一、单项选择题1、【正确答案】 D【答案解析】答案选 D。