07专八翻译题原文出处

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专八2007四篇阅读翻译

A威尔士语一直被视为是威尔士人最后的标志，但是三十年前的威尔士语却好像走向了曼恩岛语灭绝的道路。

然而，政府财政和中央计划帮助减缓了威尔士语的衰弱。

路标和官方公告使用两种语言，威尔士语和英语，小学生必须学习这两种语言。

威尔士语现在是地区用语中最常使用的语言之一，全国三百万人中有超过五十万的人说威尔士语。

语言的复兴横扫这个骄傲的小国，它是国家复兴的一部分，它的复兴尤其影响着青年人。

上个月，威尔士庆祝了国民大会二周年，这还是自1404年以来召集的第一次会议。

权利下放的背后意义在于恢复英国各个地区之间的平衡。

英格兰人多且富饶，所以总有资本夸夸其谈。

布莱尔将部分立法权从议会转移的目的是给俱乐部的其他成员，苏格兰、北爱尔兰和威尔士更多的话语权，并反击威胁到联邦理念的分裂势力。

威尔士人对权利下放却很少关注。

苏格兰为议会投了压倒性的票数，而威尔士人参会人数不足25%，投票人数不足1%。

所以，它的权利受到了相应的限制。

议会可以决定威斯敏斯特或欧盟的拨款如何花费。

但同爱丁堡的苏格兰会议不一样的是，威尔士议会不能制定法律。

但是既然已经建立了，威尔士人也渐渐喜欢上他们的议会。

许多人希望它能拥有更多的权利。

2003年，新的议政院成立了，这个没有多少实权的议会的重要性也随之增加。

这个议政院与其他很多新的建筑一起，将加的夫市从一个渐趋衰败的海港变成了一个具有巴尔的摩风格的海港城。

同时，欧盟近200万的拨款将用于解决贫困问题。

威尔士是西欧最贫困的地区之一，仅比西班牙、葡萄牙和希腊的生活水平高。

报纸和杂志上满是有关威尔士人的报道，这极大的增强了威尔士人的自尊。

除了大家熟悉的面孔，如迪伦.托马斯和理查德.伯顿，又增加了新面孔，如电影明星凯瑟琳.泽塔琼斯和歌剧演员布莱恩.特菲尔。

类似盐沼羊肉这样的当地特产受到欢迎。

威尔士现今拥有自己的航空公司Awyr Cymru。

Cymru是威尔士语，爱国者的土地的意思。

从亚瑟王时代以来，威尔士的标志就是红龙，人们将红龙印在T恤衫上、橄榄球衣上，甚至是手机外壳上，可以说是无处不在。

1997~2011 专八翻译真题及答案

1997年E-C原文:Opera is expensive: that much is inevitable. But expensive things are inevitably the province （范围）of the rich unless we abdicate（退位、放弃）society’s power of choice. We can choose to make opera and other expensive forms of culture, accessible（易接近的，可达到的）to those who cannot individually pay for it. The question is: why should we? No body denies the imperatives（必要的）of food, shelter, defence, health and education. But even in a prehistoric cave, man-kind stretched out a hand of not just to eat, drink or fight, but also to draw. The impulse（冲动）towards culture, the desire to express and explore the world through imagination and representation（表述、陈述）is fundamental. In Europe, this desire has found fulfillment（完成、成就）in the masterpieces of our music, art, literature and theatre. These masterpieces are the touchstones（标准、试金石）for all our efforts; they are the touchstones for the possibilities to which human thought and imagination may aspire（立志、追求目标、渴望）; they carry the most profound （深厚的、深刻的）messages that can be sent from one human to another.参考译文：欣赏歌剧是一种奢侈：你必须为此支付昂贵的票价。

2007年专业八级参考译文

一霎时，一阵被人摒弃，为世所遗的悲愤兜上心头，禁不住痛哭起来。 All at once, seized by a fit of forlorn grief and indignation, I could not help bursting into tears.

一个春天的傍晚，园中百花怒放，父母在园中设宴，一时宾客云集，笑语四溢。 One spring evening, myriads of flowers were in full bloom in the garden. My parents held a garden party to entertain many guests, whose arrival at once filled the place with laughing chats.
Reference version

得病以前，我受父母宠爱，在家中横行霸道，一旦隔离，拘禁在花园山坡上一幢小房子里，我顿感打入冷宫，十分郁郁不得志起来。 Before I was ill, I had been a spoiled child of my parents, playing the bully at home. Once on the slope of the garden, I suddenly found myself in disfavor and deep depression.

我在山坡的小屋里，悄悄掀起窗帘，窥见园中大千世界，一片繁华，自己的哥姐，堂表弟兄，也穿插其间，个个喜气洋洋。 In the small house on the slope, I quietly lifted the curtain to be met by a great and prosperous world with my elder brothers and sisters, and my cousins among the guests, all in jubilation.

英语专业历年专八翻译真题及答案

英语专业历年专八翻译真题及答案1997年:English to ChineseOpera is expensive: that much is inevitable. But expensive things are inevitably the province（范围）of the rich unless we abdicate（退位、放弃）society’s power of choice. We can choose to make opera and other expensive forms of culture, accessible（易接近的，可达到的）to those who cannot individually pay for it. The question is: why should we? No body denies the imperatives（必要的）of food, shelter, defence, health and education. But even in a prehistoric cave, man-kind stretched out a hand of not just to eat, drink or fight, but also to draw. The impulse（冲动）towards culture, the desire to express and explore the world through imagination and representation（表述、陈述）is fundamental. In Europe, this desire has found fulfillment （完成、成就）in the masterpieces of our music, art, literature and theatre. These masterpieces are the touchstones（标准、试金石）for all our efforts; they are the touchstones for the possibilities to which human thought and imagination may aspire （立志、追求目标、渴望）; they carry the most profound （深厚的、深刻的）messages that can be sent from one human to another.【参考答案】欣赏歌剧是一种奢侈：你必须为此支付昂贵的票价。

2007专八翻译分析

• Just beside this splendid picture, a flock of sheep are grazing with bent heads by the riverside. Hardly any of them cares to look up and throw a glance at the beautiful twilight. Perhaps they are using the last moment for another chew before going home. This is a scene taking place on the shore of the Yellow River. The shepherd, who is nowhere to be seen, is having a rest in an unknown place, leaving these living things to enjoy this moment of dusk with full ease and freedom. Here the water grass is so luxuriant and tender that the sheep have battened on them. If you approach them, you will see their snow-white teeth as well as their rich innocent expressions.
试看案例二
此乃案例之二，来cture with profusions of 暮色中，河湾里落满云霞，与天际的 colors, a group of sheep are lowering 颜色混合一起，分不清哪是流云哪是水湾。也就在这一幅绚烂的图画旁边， their heads, eating by the river bank. Hardly any of them would spare some 在河湾之畔，一群羊正在低头觅食。 time to raise their eyes to have a glance 它们几乎没有一个顾得上抬起头来， at the beautiful dusk. They are, perhaps, 看一眼这美丽的黄昏。也许它们要抓 taking use of every minute to enjoy their 紧时间，在即将回家的最后一刻再次 last chew before being driven home. This 咀嚼。这是黄河滩上的一幕。牧羊人 is a picture of the Yellow River bank, in 不见了，他不知在何处歇息。只有这 which the shepherd disappears, and no 些美丽生灵自由自在地享受着这个黄 one knows where he is resting himself. 昏。这儿水草肥美，让它们长得肥滚 Only the sheep, however, as free 滚的，像些胖娃娃。如果走近了，会发现它们那可爱的神情，洁白的牙齿， creatures, are joyfully appreciating the dusk. The exuberant water plants have 那丰富而单纯的表情。 nutrited the sheep, making them grow as fat as balls. When approaching near, you would find their lily-white teeth and a variety of innocent facial impressions.

2007年专八翻译汉译英

解析：“牧羊人不见了”不能直译成the shepherd disappeared,因为这里的消失指的是我们看不见牧羊人，因为他不知在什么地方休息，故翻译成the shepherd was out of sight.
前两个在翻译时合并成了一个句子，把后面的句子翻译为前一句的非限定性定语从句，用which引导。

解析：“水草肥美”这里“水”和“草”应该分别选择合适的形容词来形容，这里用fresh修饰water, exuberant修饰plants,最前面还用ample来指明充足、 “让它们长得肥滚滚的, 像些胖娃娃”表达了作者对它们的喜爱之情，由于中英文化差异，不能直译，译为as round as ruby babies,在一事实上程度上传达出了羊的“肥滚滚”，“像胖娃娃”的可爱样子。最后一句“那可爱的神情, 洁白的牙齿, 那丰富而单纯的表情”中对羊的细节描写，这里“神情”指的是 lovely faces;而“表情”指的是facial expression,这些用with引导，为介词短语，作lovely faces的后置定语。
1. 也就在这一幅绚烂的图画旁边, 在河湾之畔, 一群羊正在低头觅食。
参考译文： It was near this splendid picture that a flock of sheep were lowering their heads and grazing on the river bend.

4.这儿水草肥美, 让它们长得肥滚滚的, 像些胖娃娃。如果走近了, 会发现它们那可爱的神情, 洁白的牙齿, 那丰富而单纯的表情。参考译文： The ample fresh water and exuberant plants had nurtured the sheep, making them grow as round as chubby babies. When approaching near, you would find their lovely faces with white teeth and their rich yet innocent facial expression.

2007-2008年专八（TEM8）真题、答案及听力原文（整理打印版）

TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2008)-GRADE EIGHT-TIME LIMIT: 195 MIN PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.Complete the gap-filling task, some of the gaps below may require a maximum of THREE words. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may refer to your notes.The Popularity of EnglishI. Present status of EnglishA. English as a native/first languageB. English as a lingua franca: a language for communi cation among people whose (1)______ are different (1)_______C. Number of people speaking English as a first or a second language:— 320-380 million native speakers — 250- (2) _____ million speakers of English as a second language (2)_______ II. Reasons for the popular use of EnglishA. (3) ____ reasons (3)_______— the Pilgrim Fathers brought the language to America; — British settlers brought the language to Australia;— English was used as a means of control in (4)_____ (4)_______B. Economic reasons— spread of (5) _____ — language of communi cation iii the international business community (5)_______C. (6)______ in international travel (6)_______— use of English in travel and tourism — signs in airports— language of announcement — language of (7) ______ (7)_______D. Information exchange— use of English in the academic world — language of (8) _____ or journal arti cles (8)_______E. Popular culture— pop music on (9)______ — films from the USA (9)_______ III. Questions to think aboutA. status of English in the futureB. (10) ______ of distinct varieties of English (10)_______ SECTION B CONVERSATIONIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.Questions 1 to 5 are based on a conversation. At the end of the conversation you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the conversation.1. Mary doesn't seem to favour the idea of a new airport because _________.A. the existing airports are to be wastedB. more people will be encouraged to travel.C. more oil will be consumed.D. more airplanes will be purchased.2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned by Mary as a potential disadvantage?A. More people in the area.B. Noise and motorways.C. Waste of land.D. Unnecessary travel.3.Freddy has cited the following advantages for a new airport EXCEPT _______.A. more job opportunities.B. vitality to the local economy.C. road construction.D. presence of aircrew in the area.4.Mary thinks that people don't need to do much travel nowadays as a result of _______.A. less emphasis on personal contact.B. advances in modern telecommunications.C. recent changes in people's concepts.D. more potential damage to the area5.We learn from the conversation that Freddy is Mary's ideas,_____.A. strongly in favour ofB. mildly in favour ofC. strongly againstD. mildly againstSECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.Question 6 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.6.What is the main idea of the news item?A. A new government was formed after Sunday's elections.B. The new government intends to change the welfare system.C. The Social Democrati c Party founded the welfare system.D. The Social Democratic Party was responsible for high unemployment.Questions 7 and 8 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer thequestions. Now listen to the news.7. The tapes of the Apollo-11 mission were first stored in _______.A. a U.S. government archives warehouse.B. a NASA ground tracking station.C. the Goddard Space Flight Centre.D. none of the above places.8.What does the news item say about Richard Nafzger?A. He is assigned the task to look for the tapes.B. He believes that the tapes are probably lost.C. He works in a NASA ground receiving site.D. He had asked for the tapes in the 1970s.Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news.9.The example in the news item is cited mainly to showA. that doctors are sometimes professionally incompetentB. that in cases like that hospitals have to pay huge compensations.C. that language barriers might lower the quality of treatment.D. that language barriers can result in fatal consequences.10. According to Dr. Flores, hospitals and clinicsA. have seen the need for hiring trained interpreters.B. have realized the problems of language barriers.C. have begun training their staff to be bilinguals.D. have taken steps to provide accurate diagnosis.PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on your coloured answer sheetTEXT AAt the age of 16, Lee Hyuk Joon's life is a living hell. The South Korean 10th grader gets up at 6 in the morning to go to sc hool, and studies most of the day until returning home at 6 p.m. After dinner, it's time to hit the books again—at one of Seoul's many so-called cram schools. Lee gets back home at 1 in the morning, sleeps less than five hours, then repeats the routine—five days a week. It's a grueling schedule, but Lee worries that it may not be good enough to get him into a top university. Some of hi s classmates study even harder.South Korea's education system has long been highly competitive. But for Lee and the other 700,000 high-school sophomores in the country, high-school studies have gotten even more intense. That's because South Korea has conceived a new college-entrance system, whi ch will be implemented in 2008. This year's 10th graders will be the first group evaluated by the new admissions standard, whi ch places more emphasis on grades in the three years of high school and less on nationwide SA T-style and other selection tests, whi ch have traditionally determined which students go to the elite colleges.The change was made mostly to reduce what the government says is a growing education gap in the country: wealthy students go to the best colleges and get the best jobs, keeping the children of poorer families on the social margins. The aim is to reduce the importance of costly tutors and cram schools, partly to help students enjoy a more normal high-school life. But the new system has had the opposite effect. Before, students didn't worry too much about their grade-point averages; the big challenge was beating the standardized tests as high-school seniors. Now students are competing against one another over a three-year period, and every midterm and final test is crucial. Fretful parents are relying even more heavily on tutors and cram schools to help their children succeed.Parents and kids have sent thousands of angry online letters to the Education Ministry complaining that the new admissions standard is setting students against each other. "One can succeed only when others fail,” as one parent said.Education experts say that South Korea's public secondary-school system is foundering, while private education is thriving. According to critics, the country's high schools are almost uniformly mediocre—the result of an egalitarian government education policy. With the number of elite schools stri ctly controlled by the government, even the brightest students typi cally have to settle for ordinary schools in their neighbourhoods, where the curriculum is centred on average students. To make up for the mediocrity, zealous parents send their kids to the expensive cram school s.Students in affluent southern Seoul neighbourhoods complain that the new system will hurt them the most. Nearly all Korean high schools will be weighted equally in the college-entrance process, and relatively weak students in provincial schools, who may not score well on standardized tests, often compile good grade-point averages.Some universities, particularly prestigious ones, openly complain that they cannot select the best students under the new system because it eliminates differences among high schools. They've asked for more discretion in picking students by gi ving more weight to such screening tools as essay writing or interviews.President Roh Moo Hyun doesn't like how some colleges are trying to circumvent the new system. He recently criticized "greedy" universities that focus more on finding the best students than faying to "nurture good students". But amid the crossfire between the government and universities, the country's 10th graders are feeling the stress. On online protest sites, some are calling themselves a “cursed generation”and “mice in a lab experiment”. It all seems a touch melodramatic, but that's the South Korean school system.11.According to the passage, the new college-entrance system is designed toA. require students to sit for more college-entrance tests.B. reduce the weight of college-entrance tests.C. select students on their high school grades only.D. reduce the number of prospective college applicants.12.What seems to be the effect of introducing the new system?A. The system has given equal opportunities to students.B. The system has reduced the number of cram schools.C. The system has intensified competition among schools.D. The system has increased students' study load.13.According to critics, the popularity of private education is mainly the result of ___.A. the government's egalitarian policy.B. insuffi cient number of schools:C. curriculums of average quality.D. low cost of private education.14.According to the passage, there seems to be disagreement over the adoption of the new system between the following groups EXCEPT ____.A. between universities and the government.B. between school experts and the government.C. between parents and schools.D. between parents and the government.15.Whi ch of the following adjectives best describes the author's treatment of the topic?A. Objective.B. Positive.C. Negative.D. Biased.TEXT BWilfred Emmanuel-Jones was a teenager before he saw his first cow in his first field. Born in Jamaica, the 47-year-old grew up in inner-city Birmingham before making a career as a television producer and launching his own marketing agency. But deep down he al ways nurtured every true Englishman's dream of a rustic life, a dream that his entrepreneurial wealth has allowed him to satisfy. These days he's the owner of a thriving 12-hectare farm in deepest Devon with cattle, sheep and pigs. His latest business venture: pushing his brand of Black Fanner gourmet sausages and barbecue sauces. “My background may be very urban,” says Emmanuel-J ones. “But it has given me a good idea of what other urbanites want.”And of how to sell it. Emmanuel-Jones joins a herd of wealthy fugitives from city life who are bringing a new commercial know-how to British farming. Britain's burgeoning farmers' markets -numbers have doubled to at least 500 in the last five years—swarm with specialty cheesemakers, beekeepers or organic smallholders who are redeploying the business skills they learned in the city. "Everyone in the rural community has to come to terms with the fact that things have changed." Says Emmanuel-Jones. "Y ou can produce the best food in the world, but if you don't know how to market it, you are wasting your time. We are helping the traditionalists to move on."The emergence of the new class of superpeasants reflects some old yearnings. If the British were the first nation to industrialize, they were also the first to head back to the land. "There is this romantic image of the countryside that is parti cularly English," says Alun Howkins of the University of Sussex, who reckons the population of rural England has been rising since 1911. Migration into rural areas is now running at about 100,000 a year, and the hunger for a taste of the rural life has kept land prices buoyant even as agricultural incomes tumble. About 40 percent of all farmland is now sold to "lifestyle buyers" rather than the dwindling number of traditional farmers, according to the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors.What's new about the latest returnees is their affluence and zeal for the business of producing quality foods, if only at a micro-level. A healthy economy and surging London house prices have helped to ease the escape of the would-be rustics. The media recognize and feed the fantasy. One of the big TV hits of recent years, the "River Cottage" series, chronicled the attempts of a London chef to run his own Dorset farm.Naturally, the newcomers can't hope to match their City salaries, but many are happy to trade any loss of income for the extr a job satisfaction. Who cares if there's no six-figure annual bonus when the land offers other incalculable compensations? Besides, the specialist producers can at least depend on a burgeoning market for their products. Today's eco-aware generation loves to seek out authenti c ingredients. "People like me may be making a difference in a small way," Jan McCourt, a onetime investment banker now running his own 40-hectare spread in the English Midlands stocked with rare breeds.Optimists see signs of far-reaching change: Britain isn't ca tching up with mainland Europe; it's leading the way. “Unlike most other countries, where artisanal food production is being eroded, here it is being recovered," says food writer Matthew Fort.“It may be the mark of the next stage of civilization that we rediscover the desirability of being a peasant.” And not an investment banker.16.Whi ch of the following details of Wilfred Emmanuel-Jones i s INCORRECT?A. He was born and brought up in Birmingham.B. He used to work in the television industry.C. He is wealthy, adventurous and aspiring.D. He is now selling his own quality foods.17.Most importantly, people like Wilfred have brought to traditional British farmingA. knowledge of farming.B. knowledge of brand names.C. knowledge of lifestyle.D. knowledge of marketing.18.Whi ch of the following does NOT contribute to the emergence of a new class of farmers?A. Strong desire for country life.B. Longing for greater wealth.C. Influence of TV productions.D. Enthusiasm for quality food business.19.What is seen as their additional source of new income?A. Modern tendency to buy natural foods.B. Increase in the value of land property.C. Raising and selling rare live stock. VD. Publicity as a result of media coverage.20.The sentence in t he last paragraph “...Britain isn't catching up with mainland Europe; it's leading the way" implies thatA. Britain has taken a different path to boost economy.B. more authentic foods are being produced in Britain.C. the British are heading back to the countryside.D. the Europeans are showing great interest in country life.TEXT CIn Barcelona the Catalonians call them castells, but these aren't stereotypi cal castles in Spain. These castles are made up of human beings, not stone. The people who perform this agile feat of acrobatics are called castellers, and to see their towers take shape is to observe a marvel of human cooperation.First the castellers form what looks like a giganti c rugby scrummage. They are the foundation blocks of the castle. Behind them, other people press together, forming outward-radiating ramparts of inward-pushing muscle: flying buttresses for the castle. Then sturdy but lighter castellers scramble over the backs of those at the bottom and stand, barefoot, on their shoulders—then still others, each time adding a higher "story".These human towers can rise higher than small apartment buildings: nine “stories”, 35 feet into the air. Then, just When it seems this tower of humanity can't defy gravity any longer, a little kid emerges from the crowd and climbs straight up to the top. Arms extended, the child grins while waving to the cheering crowd far below.Dressed in their traditional costumes, the castellers seem to epitomize an easier time, before Barcelona became a world metropolis arid the Mediterranean's most dynamic city. But when you observe-them tip close, in their street clothes, at practice, you see there's nothing easy about what the castellers do - and that they are not merely reenacting an ancient ritual.None of the castellers can-give a logical answer as to why they love doing this. But V ictor Luna, 16, touches me on the shoulder and says in English: "We do it because it's beautiful. We do it because we are Catalan."Barcelona’s mother tongue is Catalan, and to und erstand Barcelona, you must understand two words of Catalan: seny and rauxa. Seny pretty much translates as common sense, or the ability to make money, arrange things, and get things done. Rauxa is reminiscent of our words “raucous” and “ruckus”.What makes the castellers revealing of the city is that they embody rauxa and seny. The idea of a human castle is rauxa—it defies common sense—but to watch one going up is to see seny in action. Success is based on everyone working together to achieve a shared goal.The success of Carlos Tusquets' bank, Fibanc, shows seny at work in everyday life. The bank started as a family concern and now employs hundreds. Tusquets said it exemplifies how the economy in Barcelona is different.Entrepreneurial seny demonstrates why Barcelona and Catalonia—the ancient region of which Barcelona is the capital—are distinct from the rest of Spain yet essential to Spain's emergence, after centuries of repression, as a prosperous, democratic European country. Catalonia, with Barcelona as its dynamo, has turned into an economic powerhouse. Making up 6 percent of Spain’s territory, with a sixth of its people, it accounts for nearly a quarter of Spain's production—everything from textiles to computers—even though the rest of Spain has been enjoying its own economi c miracle.Hand in hand with seny goes rauxa, and there's no better place to see rauxa in action than on the Ramblas, the venerabl e, tree-shaded boulevard that, in gentle stages, leads you from the centre of Barcelona down to the port. There are two narrow l anes each way for cars and motorbikes, but it’s the wide centre walkway that makes the Ramblas a front-row seat for Barcel ona's longest running theatrical event. Plastic armchairs are set out on the sidewalk. Sit in one of them, and an attendant will come and charge you a small fee. Performance artists throng the Ramblas—stilt walkers, witches caked in charcoal dust, Elvis impersonators. But the real stars are the old women and happily playing children, millionaires on motorbikes, and pimps and women who, upon closer inspection, prove not to be.Aficionados (Fans) of Barcelona love to compare notes: “Last night there was a man standing on the balcony of his hotel room,” Mariana Bertagnolli, an Italian photographer, told me. "The bal c ony was on the second floor. He was naked, and he was talking into a cell phone."There you have it, Barcelona's essence. The man is naked (rauxa), but he is talking into a cell phone (seny).21. From the description in the passage, we learn thatA. all Catalonians can perform castells.B. castells require performers to stand on each other.C. people perform castells in different formations.D. in castells people have to push and pull each other.22. According to the passage, the4mplication of the performance is thatA. the Catalonians are insensible and noisy people.B. the Catalonians show more sense than is expected.C. the Catalonians display paradoxical characteristi cs.D. the Catalonians think highly of team work.23. The passage cites the following examples EXCEPT __________ to show seny at work.A.development of a bankB.dynami c role in economyC.contribution to national economyparison with other regions24. In the last but two paragraph, the Ramblas is described as “a fro nt-row seat for Barcelona’s longest running theatri cal event”. What does it mean?A. On the Ramblas people can see a greater variety of performances.B. The Ramblas provides many front seats for the performances.C. The Ramblas is preferred as an important venue for the events.D. Theatri cal performers like to perform on the Ramblas.25. What is the main impression of the scenes on the Ramblas?A. It is bizarre and Outlandish.B. It is of average quality.C. It is conventional and quiet.D. It is of professional standard. TEXT DThe law firm Patrick worked for before he died filed for bankruptcy protection a year after his funeral. After his death, the firm's letterhead properly included him: Patri ck S. Lanigan, 1954-1992. He was listed up in the right-hand corner, just above the paralegals. Then the rumors got started and wouldn't stop. Before long, everyone believed he had taken the money and disappeared. After three months, no one on the Gulf Coast believed that he was dead. His name came off the letterhead as the debts piled up.The remaining partners in the law firm were still together, attached unwillingly at the hip by the bondage of mortgages and the bank notes, back when they were rolling and on the verge of serious wealth. They had been joint defendants in several unwinnable lawsuits; thus the bankruptcy. Since Patri ck's departure, they had tried every possible way to divorce one another, but nothing would work. Two were raging alcoholics who drank at the office behind locked doors, but nevertogether. The other two were in recovery, still teetering on the brink of sobriety.He took their money. Their millions. Money they had already spent long before it arrived, as only lawyers can do. Money for their richly renovated offi ce building in downtown Biloxi. Money for new homes, yachts, condos in the Caribbean. The money was on the way, approved, the papers signed, orders entered; they could see it, almost touch it when their deadpartner—Patrick—snatched it at the last possible second.He was dead. They buried him on February 11, 1992. They had consoled the widow and put his rotten name on their handsome letterhead. Y et six weeks later, he somehow stole their money.They had brawled over who was to blame. Charles Bogan, the firm's senior partner and its iron hand, had insisted the money be wired from its source into a new account offshore, and this made sense after some discussion. It was ninety million bucks, a third of whi ch the firm would keep, and it would be impossible to hide that kind of money in Biloxi, population fifty thousand. Someone at the bank would talk. Soon everyone would know. All four vowed secrecy, even as they made plans to display as much of their new wealth as possible. There had even been talk of a firm jet, a six-seater.So Bogan took his share of the blame. At forty-nine, he was the oldest of the four, and, at the moment, the most stable. He was also responsible for hiring Patrick nine years earlier, and for this he had received no small amount of grief.Doug V itrano, the litigator, had made the fateful decision to recommend Patrick as the fifth partner. The other three had agreed, and when Patrick Lanigan was added to the firm name, he had access to virtually every file in the office. Bogan, Rapley, V itrano, Havarac, and Lanigan, Attorneys and Counselors-at-Law. A large ad in the yellow pages claimed "Specialists in Offshore Injuries." Specialists or not, like most firms they would take almost anything if the fees were lucrative. Lots of secretaries and paralegals. Big overhead, and the strongest political connections on the Coast.They were all in their mid- to late forties. Havarac had been raised by his father on a shrimp boat. His hands were still proudly calloused, and he dreamed of choking Patrick until his neck snapped. Rapley was severely depressed and seldom left his home, where he wrote briefs in a dark office in the attic.26. What happened to the four remaining lawyers after Patrick's disappearance?A. They all wanted to divorce their wives.B. They were all heavily involved in debts.C. They were all recovering from drinking.D. They had bought new homes, yachts, etc.27. Whi ch of the following statements contains a metaphor?A. His name came off the letterhead as the debts piled up.B. …they could see it, almost tou ch it when their dead partner...C. …, attached unwillingly at the hip by the bondage of mortgages...D. …, and for this he had received no small amount of grief.28. According to the passage, what is the main cause of Patrick stealing the money?A. Patrick was made a partner of the firm.B. The partners agreed to have the money transferred.C. Patri ck had access to all the files in the firm.D. Bogan decided to hire Patrick nine years earlier.29. The lawyers were described as being all the following EXCEPTA. greedy.B. extravagantC. quarrel some.D. bad-tempered.30. Whi ch of the following implies a contrast?A. …, and it would be impossible to hide that kind of money in Biloxi, population fifty thousand.B. They had been joint defendants in several unwinnable lawsuits; thus the bankruptcy.C. There had even been talk of a firm jet, a six-seater.D. His name came off the letterhead as the debts piled up.PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. Mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet.31. The largest city in Canada is____.A. V ancouver.B. Montreal.C. TorontoD. Ottawa.32. According to the United States Constitution, the legislative power is invested in ____.A. the Federal Government.B. the Supreme Court.C. the Cabinet.D. the Congress.33. Whi ch of the following is the oldest sport in the United States?A. Baseball.B. Tennis.C. Basketball.D. American football.34. The head of the executive branch in New Zealand is _____.A. the President.B. the Governor-General.C. the British monarch,D. the Prime Minister.35. The Canterbury Tales, a collection of stories told by a group of pilgrims on their way to Canterbury, is an important poetic work by _____.A. William Langland.B. Geoffrey Chaucer.C. William Shakespeare.D. Alfred Tennyson.36. Who wrote The Ameri can?A. Herman Melville.B. Nathaniel Hawthorne.C. Henry James.D. Theodore Drei ser.37. All of the following are well-known female writers in 20th -century Britain EXCEPT _____.A. George Eliot.B. Iris Jean Murdoch.C. Doris Lessing.D. Muriel Spark.38. Whi ch of the following is NOT a design feature of human language?A. Arbitrariness.B. Di splacement.C. Duality.D. Diachronicity.39. What type of sentence is “Mark likes fiction, but Tim is interested in poetry.”?A. A simple sentence.B. A coordinate sentence.C. A complex sentence.D. None of the above.40. The phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form is called ____.A. hyponymy.B. synonymy.C. polysemy.D. homonymy.PART IV PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN)Proofread the given passage on ANSWER SHEET TWO as instructed.The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE wor d is。

英语专业历年专八翻译真题及答案

英译汉1997年:English to ChineseOpera is expensive: that much is inevitable. But expensive things are inevitably the province（范围） of the rich unless we abdicate（退位、放弃） society’s power of choice. We can choose to make opera and other expensive forms of culture, accessible（易接近的，可达到的） to those who cannot individually pay for it. The question is: why should we? No body denies the imperatives（必要的）of food, shelter, defence, health and education. But even in a prehistoric cave, man-kind stretched out a hand of not just to eat, drink or fight, but also to draw. The impulse（冲动） towards culture, the desire to express and explore the world through imagination and representation（表述、陈述）is fundamental. In Europe, this desire has found fulfillment（完成、成就） in the masterpieces of our music, art, literature and theatre. These masterpieces are the touchstones（标准、试金石） for all our efforts; they are the touchstones for the possibilities to which human thought and imagination may aspire（立志、追求目标、渴望）; they carry the most profound （深厚的、深刻的）messages that can be sent from one human to another.【参考答案】 English to Chinese译文1：欣赏歌剧是一种奢侈：你必须为此支付昂贵的票价。

2007年的英语专业八级考试翻译

2007年的英语专业八级考试翻译，出自哈佛大学校长劳伦斯·萨默斯演讲，其中划线部分为考试内容。

全文如下：Good bye and good luckToday, I speak from this podium a final time as your president. As I depart, I want to thank all of you –students, faculty, alumni and staff –with whom I have been privileged to work over these past years. Some of us have had our disagreements, but I know that which unites us transcends that which divides us. I leave with a full heart, grateful for the opportunity I have had to lead this remarkable institution.Since I delivered my inaugural address, 56 months ago, I have learned an enormous amount—about higher education, about leadership, and also about myself. Some things look different to me than they did five years ago. The world that today’s Harvard’s graduates are entering is a profoundly different one than the world administrators entered.It is a world where opportunities have never been greater for those who know how to teach children to read, or those who know how to distribute financial risk; never greater for those who understand the cell and the pixel; never greater for those who can master, and navigate between, legal codes, faith traditions, computer platforms, political viewpoints. It is also a world where some are left further and further behind –those who are not educated, those trapped in poverty and violence, those for whom equal opportunity is just a hollow phrase.Scientific and technological advances are enabling us to comprehend the furthest reaches of the cosmos, the most basic constituents of matter, and the miracle of life.At the same time, today, the actions, and inaction, of human beings imperil not only life on the planet, but the very life of the planet. Globalization is making the world smaller, faster and richer. Still, 9/11, avian flu, and Iran remind us that a smaller, faster world is not necessarily a safer world. Our world is bursting with knowledge –but desperately in need of wisdom. Now, when sound bites are getting shorter, when instant messages crowd out essays, and when individual lives grow more frenzied, college graduates capable of deep reflection are what our world needs. For all these reasons I believed –and I believe even more strongly today –in the unique and irreplaceable mission of universities.Universities are where the wisdom we cannot afford to lose is preserved from generation to generation. Among all human institutions, universities can look beyond present norms to future possibilities; can look through current considerations to emergent opportunities. And among universities, Harvard stands out. With its great tradition, its iconic reputation, its remarkable network of 300,000 alumni, Harvard has never had as much potential as it does now. And yet, great and proud institutions, like great and proud nations at their peak, must surmount a very real risk: that the very strength of their traditions will lead to caution, to an inward focus on prerogative and to a complacency that lets the world pass them by.And so I say to you that our University today is at an inflection point in its history. At such a moment, there is temptation to elevate comfort and consensus over progress and clear direction, but this would be a mistake. The University’s matchless resources - human, physical, financial - demand that we seize this moment with vision and boldness. To do otherwise would be a lost opportunity. We can spur great deeds that history will mark decades and even centuries from now. If Harvard can find the courage to change itself, it can change the world.今天，我将以校长的身份，最后一次在这个讲台上演讲。

1995-2008年英语专业八级考试真题翻译及参考译文

1995-2008年英语专业八级考试真题翻译及参考译文1995年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分参考译文C-E原文：简.奥斯丁的小说都是三五户人家居家度日，婚恋嫁娶的小事。

因此不少中国读者不理解她何以在西方享有那么高的声誉。

但一部小说开掘得深不深，艺术和思想是否有过人之处，的确不在题材大小。

有人把奥斯丁的作品比作越咀嚼越有味道的橄榄。

这不仅因为她的语言精彩，并曾对小说艺术的发展有创造性的贡献，也因为她的轻快活泼的叙述实际上并不那么浅白，那么透明。

史密斯夫人说过，女作家常常试图修正现存的价值秩序，改变人们对“重要”和“不重要”的看法。

也许奥斯丁的小说能教我们学会转换眼光和角度，明察到“小事”的叙述所涉及的那些不小的问题。

参考译文：However, subject matter is indeed not the decisive factor by which we judge a novel of its depth as well as (of ) its artistic appeal and ideological content (or: as to whether a novel digs deep or not or whether it excels in artistic appeal and ideological content). Some people compare Austen’s works to olives: the more you chew them, the more tasty (the tastier) they become. This comparison is based not only on (This is not only because of ) her expressive language and her creative contribution to the development of novel writing as an art, but also on (because of ) the fact that what hides behind her light and lively narrative is something implicit and opaque (not so explicit and transparent). Mrs. Smith once observed, women writers often sought (made attempts) to rectify the existing value concepts (orders) by changing people’s opinions on what is ―important‖ and what is not.E-C原文I, by comparison, living in my overpriced city apartment, walking to work past putrid sacks of street garbage, paying usurious taxes to local and state governments I generally abhor, I am rated middle class. This causes me to wonder, do the measurement make sense? Are we measuring only that which is easily measured--- the numbers on the money chart --- and ignoring values more central to the good life?For my sons there is of course the rural bounty of fresh-grown vegetables, line-caught fish and the shared riches of neighbours’ orchards and gardens. There is the unpaid baby-sitter for whose children my daughter-in-law baby-sits in return, and neighbours who barter their skills and labour. But more than that, how do you measure serenity? Sense if self?I don’t want to idealize life in small places. There are times when the outside world intrudes brutally, as when the cost of gasoline goes up or developers cast their eyes on untouched farmland. There are cruelties, there is intolerance, there are all the many vices and meannesses in small places that exist in large cities. Furthermore, it is harder to ignore them when they cannot be banished psychologically to another part of town or excused as the whims of alien groups --- when they have to be acknowledged as ―part of us.‖Nor do I want to belittle the opportunities for small decencies in cities --- the eruptions of one-stranger-to-another caring that always surprise and delight. But these are,sadly,more exceptions than rules and are often overwhelmed by the awful corruptions and dangers thatsurround us.参考译文：对我的几个儿子来说，乡村当然有充足的新鲜蔬菜，垂钓来的鱼，邻里菜园和果园里可供分享的丰盛瓜果。

2007专八翻译

威尔士语一直是威尔士人的根本标志，但是在上一代之前，它看起来似乎要步入马恩岛语的后尘—马恩岛语曾广泛用于马恩岛但如今却消失。

然而，政府资助和中央规划帮助扭转了威尔士语不断减少的局面。

路标和官方公开文件均用英语和威尔士语书写，并且学生也会被要求学习这两种语言。

如今，威尔士语成为欧洲民族语言中的成功范例，在三百万人口的国家中，有超过50万的人使用它。

语言的复兴，尤其是在年轻人中，是横扫这个小而自豪的民族的民族身份阜新的一部分。

上个月，威尔士迎来了过敏议会召开两周年第一次议会于1404年在此集会。

权力下移的目的是在各个地区组成的英国中寻求一种平衡。

英格兰有着众多的人口和财富，所以它的权力一直以来都很大。

托尼布莱尔（Tony Blair）采取了措施，从威斯敏特（Westminster）转移出部分立法权，目的是给予俱乐部其他成员—英格兰，北爱尔兰和威尔士，更大的话语权，抑制想要破坏国家联合的力量。

威尔士人对于权力下移并没有多大兴趣。

苏格兰人占决定性的多数投票成立议会，而参加投票的威尔士人都不足25%威尔士议会仅仅以不足1%的投票勉强通过。

它的权力被适当地限制了。

议会可以决定如何分配那些来自于威斯敏特和欧盟的钱，但却不能轩昂位于爱丁堡的苏格兰议会那样制定法律。

既然议会已经成立，威尔士人也就开始逐渐喜欢上了他们的议会。

很多人都觉得议会应该有更多的权力。

2003年，一个新的辩论厅投入使用，没有实权的议会的重要性也随之增加，它同其他新建筑一样，一同将加的夫（Cardiff）从一个衰落的海港变为一个巴尔的摩风格的海冰城市，同时将近两百万的欧盟的拨款用于改善贫困。

威尔士是西欧最贫困的地区之一，仅比西班牙，葡萄牙，希腊的国的生活水平高些。

报纸和杂志都大肆报道着威尔士籍的名人们，这大大提高了威尔士人的自尊。

除了一些熟悉的面孔，像Dylan Thomas和Richard Burton，现在也增加了一些新的偶像，比如影星Catherine Zeta-Jones和歌剧演员Bryn Terfel。

1992-2007年所有的专八翻译及答案（2）

2007年‎八级翻译PART V TRANS‎L ATIO‎N(60 MIN)SECTI‎O N A CHINE‎S E TO ENGLI‎S HTrans‎l ate the under‎l ined‎part of the follo‎w ing text into Engli‎s h. Write‎your trans‎l atio‎n on ANSWE‎R SHEET‎THREE‎.暮色中，河湾里落满‎云霞，与天际的颜‎色混合一起‎，分不清哪是‎流云哪是水‎湾。

也就在这一‎幅绚烂的图‎画旁边，在河湾之畔‎，一群羊正在‎低头觅食。

它们几乎没‎有一个顾得‎上抬起头来‎，看一眼这美‎丽的黄昏。

也许它们要‎抓紧时间，在即将回家‎的最后一刻‎再次咀嚼。

这是黄河滩‎上的一幕。

牧羊人不见‎了，他不知在何‎处歇息。

只有这些美‎生灵自由自‎在地享受着‎这个黄昏。

这儿水草肥‎美，让它们长得‎肥滚滚的，像些胖娃娃‎。

如果走近了‎，会发现它们‎那可爱的神‎情，洁白的牙齿‎，那丰富而单‎纯的表情。

如果稍稍长‎久一点端详‎这张张面庞‎，还会生出无‎限的怜悯SECTI‎O N B ENGLI‎S H TO CHINE‎S ETrans‎l ate the follo‎w ing text into Chine‎s e. Write‎your trans‎l atio‎n on ANSWE‎R SHEET‎THREE‎.Scien‎t ific‎and techn‎o logi‎c al advan‎c es are enabl‎i ng us to compr‎e hend‎the furth‎e st reach‎e s of the cosmo‎s, the most basic‎const‎i tuen‎t s of matte‎r, and the mirac‎l e of life.At the same time, today‎, the actio‎n s, and inact‎i on, of human‎being‎s imper‎i l not only life on the plane‎t, but the very life of the plane‎t.? Globa‎l izat‎i on is makin‎g the world‎small‎e r, faste‎r and riche‎r. Still‎, 9/11, avian‎flu, and Iran remin‎d us that a small‎e r, faste‎r world‎is not neces‎s aril‎y a safer‎world‎.Our world‎is burst‎i ng with knowl‎e dge - but despe‎r¬ately‎in need of wisdo‎m. Now, when sound‎bites‎are getti‎n g short‎e r, when insta‎n t messa‎g es crowd‎out essay‎s, and when indiv‎i dual‎lives‎grow more crazy‎, colle‎g e gradu‎a tes capab‎l e of deep refle‎c tion‎are what our world‎needs‎.For all these‎reaso‎n s I belie‎v ed - and I belie‎v e even more stron‎g ly today‎- in the uniqu‎e and irrep‎l acea‎b le missi‎o n of unive‎r siti‎e s.===============================参考译文：Besid‎e this pictu‎r e with profu‎s ions‎of color‎s, a group‎of sheep‎are lowin‎g their‎heads‎, eatin‎g by the river‎bank. Hardl‎y none of them would‎spare‎some time to raise‎their‎eyes to have a glanc‎e at the beaut‎i ful dusk. They are, perha‎p s, takin‎g use of every‎minut‎e to enjoy‎their‎last chew befor‎e being‎drive‎n home. This is a pictu‎r e of the Yello‎w River‎bank, in which‎the sheph‎e rd disap‎p ears‎, and no one knows‎where‎he is resti‎n g himse‎l f. Only the sheep‎, howev‎e r, as free creat‎u res, are joyfu‎l ly appre‎c iati‎n g the dusk. The exube‎r ant water‎plant‎s have nutri‎t ed the sheep‎, makin‎g them grow as fat as balls‎. When appro‎a chin‎g near, you would‎find their‎lily-white‎teeth‎and a varie‎t y of innoc‎e nt facia‎l impre‎s sion‎s.科技进步正‎在使我们能‎够探索宇宙‎的边陲、物质最基本‎的成分及生‎命的奇迹。

2007年专八翻译真题

Section A Chinese to English暮色中，河湾里落满云霞，与天际的颜色混合在一起，分不清哪是流云哪是水湾。

也就是在这一幅绚烂的图画旁边，在河湾之畔，一群羊正在低头觅食。

它们几乎没有一个顾得上抬起头来，看一眼这美丽的黄昏。

也许它们要抓紧时间，在即将回家的最后一刻再次咀嚼。

这是黄河滩上的一暮。

牧羊人不见了，他不知在何处歇息。

只有这些生灵自由自在地享受这个黄昏。

这儿水草肥美，让它们长得肥滚滚的。

如果走近了，你会发现他们洁白的牙齿，以及那丰富而单纯的表情。

It is by the riverside, which itself makes really imposing scenery, that the flock of sheep were grazing silently. Almost none of them had any time to raise their heads to take a look at the beautiful dusk. Perhaps they were losing no time to take a last chew before returning home. This is what happened on the bank of the Yellow River, where there was no sign of the shepherd. No one knew where he was resting, and the creatures were left alone to enjoy the dusk. Here the water was abundant and the grass luxuriant, which made the sheep grow fat. If approaching, you could find their white teeth, as well as their rich but unsophisticated expressions. Section B English to Chinese由于科技的进步，我们得以逐步认识宇宙中最为遥远的边缘部分、物质最为基本的组织成分以及生命的奥秘。

英语专业八级翻译真题(1998年

TEM-8 翻译部分英语专业八级翻译真题（1998年——2007年）第一部分汉译英Passage 1.( 1998年)1997年2月24日我们代表下榻日月潭中信大饭店，送走了最后一批客人，已是次日凌晨3点了。

我躺在床上久久不能入睡，披衣走到窗前，往外看去，只见四周群峦叠翠，湖面波光粼粼。

望着台湾这仅有的景色如画的天然湖泊，我想了许多，许多……这次到台湾访问交流，虽然行程匆匆，但是，看了不少地方，访了旧友，交了新知，大家走到一起，谈论的一个重要话题就是中华民族在21世纪的强盛。

虽然祖国大陆、台湾的青年生活在不同的社会环境中，有着各自不同的生活经历，但大家的内心都深国统一大业的早日完成。

世纪之交的宝贵机遇和巨大挑战把青年推到了历史的前台。

跨世纪青年一代应该用什么样的姿态迎接充满希望的新世纪，这是我们必须回答的问题。

日月潭水波不兴，仿佛与我一同在思索……Passage 2.( 1999年)加拿大的温哥华1986年刚刚度过百岁生日，但城市的发展令世界瞩目。

以港立市，以港兴市，是许多港口城市生存发展的道路。

经过百年开发建设，有着天然不冻良港的温哥华，成为举世闻名的港口城市，同亚洲、大洋洲、欧洲、拉丁美洲均有定期班轮，年货物吞吐量达到8，000万吨，全市就业人口中有三分之一从事贸易与运输行业。

温哥华（Vancouver）的辉煌是温哥华人智慧和勤奋的结晶，其中包括多民族的贡献。

加拿大地广人稀，国土面积比中国还大，人口却不足3000万。

吸收外来移民，是加拿大长期奉行的国策。

可以说，加拿大除了印第安人外，无一不是外来移民，不同的只是时间长短而已。

温哥华则更是世界上屈指可数的多民族城市。

现今180万温哥华居民中，有一半不是在本地出生的，每4个居民中就有一个是亚洲人。

而25万华人对温哥华的经济转型起着决定性的作用。

他们其中有一半是近5年才来到温哥华地区的，使温哥华成为亚洲以外最大的中国人聚居地。

Passage 3.( 2000年)中国科技馆的诞生来之不易。

[整理]07-10专八官方汉译英翻译

2011现代社会无论价值观的持有还是生活方式的选择都充满了矛盾。

而最让现代人感到尴尬的是，面对重重矛盾，许多时候你却别无选择。

匆忙与休闲是截然不同的两种生活方式，但在现实生活中，人们却在这两种生活方式间频繁穿梭，有时也说不清自己到底是“休闲着”还是“匆忙着”。

譬如说，当我们正在旅游胜地享受假期，却忽然接到老板的电话，告诉我们客户或工作方面出了麻烦——现代便捷先进工具在此刻显示出了它狰狞、阴郁的面容——搞得人一下子兴趣全无，接下来的休闲只能徒有其表，因为心里已是火烧火燎了。

选自《正面是休闲，背面是匆忙——现代人的生活节奏》，作者王小波参考译文：People always spend their earthly existence in shuttling between haste and leisure --- two distant life styles, though --- sometimes even hardly conscious of which way they are on. For instance, while still vacationing at the resort, we receive a call from the boss all of a sudden, knowing that some troubles are with the clients or the work. At this moment the handy cell phone is exposed as an dismal device more than a modern and advanced tool. The subsequent leisure is merely showy as such a call has shadowed our leisure tour and made us restless with anxiety.2010朋友关系的存续是以相互尊重为前提的, 容不得半点强求、干涉和控制。

2007年英语专业八级真题_答案

2007年英语专业八级真题答案PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. Y ou will hear the lecture ONCE ONL Y. while listening, take notes on the important points. Y our notes will not be marked, but yon will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. when the lecture is over, yon will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.题1 - 10[原文]Good morning, today's lecture, is the very first of a series of lectures on art history, so I'd like to spend some time discussing with you the following topic: Why do we need to study art history? And what can we learn from it?First of all, I'd say, if you study art history, this might be a good way to learn more about a culture, than it's possible to learn in general history classes. Y ou know, most typical history courses concentrate on politics, economics and war, but art history focuses on much more than this. Because art reflects not only the political values of a people, but also their religious beliefs, emotions etc. In addition, information about the daily activities of our ancestors can be provided by art, like what people did for a living, what kind of dress they wore, what ceremonies they held etc. In short, art can express the essential qualities of a time and a place, and the study of it clearly offers us a deeper understanding than can be found in most history books and enables us to learn more things about human society and civilization.The second point I'd like to make is about the type of information. In history books, information is objective, that is facts about political economic life of a country are given, b ut opinions are not expressed. Art, on the other hand, is subjective. It reflects personal emotions and opinions. For example, Francisco Goya was a great Spanish painter and also perhaps the first truly political artist. In his famous painting, The Third of May 1808, he showed soldiers shooting a group of simple people. His description of soldiers and their victims has become a symbol of the enormous power or the misuse of this power that the government can have over its people. Over 100 years later, on another continent, the powerful paintings of Mexican artists depicted their deep anger and sadness about social problems. In summary, through art you can find a personal and emotional view of history.Thirdly, art can reflect a culture's religious beliefs. For hundreds of years in Europe, religious art was almost the only type of art that existed. Churches and other religious buildings were filled with paintings that showed people and stories from the Bible. By contrast, one of the main characteristics of art in the Middle East was (and still is), its absence of human and animal images. This reflects the Islamic belief that these images are unholy. Thus, on palaces, mosques and other buildings, Islamic artists have created unique decoration of great beauty with images of flowers of geometric forms, for example, circles, squares and triangles. The same is true of other places, like Africa and Pacific Islands. Art also reflects the religious beliefs of traditional cultures in these places. As a matter of fact, religion is the purpose for this art and it's, therefore, absolutely essential to it. Traditional art in Africa and Pacific Islands is different from Christian art. Christian art influences people's religious feelings towards God. But the goal of traditio nal art in Africa andvillage there had special ceremonies with songs and dances to make sure that crops, animals and people are healthy and increasing in number. The dancers in the ceremonies wear masks, head dresses and costumes that they believe are necessary to influence gods. SO these masks, head dresses themselves, are revelry part of the art.As we said, art depends on culture, different forms of art result from different cultures. Similarly, the way that people view art also depends on their cultural background. This is my fourth point. For most Europeans and Americans, art is mainly for decoration. It is something on a museum wall or in a glass case. It makes their homes more attractive. People look at it and admire it: "Oh, what a beautiful painting!" Besides, ideas are expressed in this art. This is a wonderful statue, and admiring it, 1 might say: "It makes such a strong antiwar statement." But in other places, art is not considered to be separated from everyday existence. It has a function, it has a practical role to play in people's lives. A person in a tribal society might look at a mask and say: "Oh, this is a good mask. It would keep my house safe." In brief, the way in which people enjoy or appreciate art depends on their culture.To conclude my lecture, we can say that art is a reflection of various cultures. But at the same time, we have to remember that art also reflects the changes in society that take place when different cultures influence one another. As people from tribal societies move to urban areas, their values and beliefs change accordingly and their traditional art forms begin to lose their function. At the same time, urban artists begin to learn a lot from traditional art. For example, African masks and figures had a great influence on Picasso's works. And many American and Canadian artists study the simplicity of Japanese painting. The result is that as the world gets smaller, the art of each culture becomes more international.OK, this brings us to the end of our lecture. I hope that after today's lecture, you'll understand better the significance of the study of art history. Art enables us to know more about huma n history, for example, people's views and opinions about certain historical events, and what's more important, about different cultures, their religious beliefs, perception of art etc.What Can We Learn from Art?Ⅰ.IntroductionA. Differences between general history and art history--Focus :--general history: (1)--art history: political values, emotions, everyday life, etc.B. Significance of studyMore information and better understanding of human society and civilization.Ⅱ.Types of informationA. Information in hi story book is (2)--facts, but no opinionsB. Information in art history is subjective-- (3) and opinionse.g.--Spanish painters' works: misuse of governmental power--Mexican artists' works: attitudes towards social problemsⅢ.Art as a reflection of religious beliefsA. Europe: (4) in pictures in churchesB. Middle East: pictures of flowers and patterns in mosques, palacesReason: human and (5) are not seen as holyceremoniesPurpose: to seek the help of (6) to protect crops, animals and people Ⅳ. Perceptions of ArtHow people see art is related to their cultural backgroundA. Europeans and Americans-- (7)--expression of ideasB. People in other places--part of everyday life-- (8) useⅤ. Art as a reflection of social changesA. Cause of changes: (9) of different culturesB. Changes--tribal people: effects of (10) on art forms--European artists: influence of African traditional art in their works--American and Canadian artists: study of Japanese painting1.economics and war2.objective3.personal emotions4.the Bible5.animal images6.the God7.decoration8.practical9. influence; interaction 10.urbanizationSECTION BIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your ANSWER SHEET.题11 - 15[原文]W: Nigel Linge is editor of Business Travel Weekly. Nigel, thanks for being on the show. Now, what kind of problems do airline passengers face nowadays?M: Well, most of the problems are caused by the heavy volume of traffic. Y ou know, all airports have a limit to the number of take-offs and landings they can handle.W: So what seems to be the problem?M: All flights from a busy airport arrive and leave at more or less the same time. If 60 aircraft are scheduled to take off between 5 p.m. and 5:15, and the airport can only handle 120 an hour, that means some will always be late landing or taking-off. And if the weather is bad, oh, you can imagine what the situation is like. So passengers have to be loaded into each plane, and then the planes have to line up to take off.W: So waiting at the lounge or on the plane is quite common.M: Certainly. And another problem that's very common is over-booking. Quite often you hear an announcement on the airport loudspeakers: "We have over sold on this flight and would like volunteers to go on the next flight out. " If you decide to volunteer, you may get a cash bribe or free-trip voucher, but make sure you get a guaranteed seat on the next flight and a free phone call to whoever is meeting you on the other end. And worse still, you arrive with confirmed reservation and you discover you've been bumped off the flight.W: Presumably, if you choose to travel at off-peak times, there are few problems.M: Well, there are no off-peak times, All flights seem to be full except Saturday. I don't quitebusy. The special fare systems on the airline's computers encourage more people to fly on less popular flights and this means that as a result all flights are equally full.W: So, what advice would you give to business travelers?M: rd say "Avoid big airports if you can". The reason is there are too many flights there. Then, remember not to check your baggage if you can help it. Another thing is "Be prepared for delays". Take something to eat and drink in your hand luggage.W: Nigel, what kind of mistakes do inexperienced travelers make?M: The first mistake business travelers make is to take far too much luggage. Re member, take only carry-on luggage, because at most airports, you can get away with two small bags.W: Oh, I see.M: Another mistake people make is to think that you have to pay full price for air tickets. Y ou should find out about the different ticket options. For example, an RTW fare can save up to 40% on normal fare.W: Excuse me, what is RTW?M: Round the World. For example, if you're going to Australia from the USA, you could go out via Singapore, and come back via North America. And another way to save money is to see if the ticket to a destination beyond it's cheaper. For example, a ticket from Amsterdam from London to New Y ork may be cheaper than one straight from London to New Y ork.W: Oh, that's very useful information.M: And another mistake is to go away for too long. Most people's efficiency and energy start to fall off after two weeks away. So my advice is "Keep your trip short", only go for two weeks and never for a longer than three. Another point is "Don't expect everything to go according to plan". Y ou need to learn to expect the unexpected. There may be a typhoon in summer or your taxi may break down on the way to the airport. In other words, don't be optimistic about plans and don't schedule important meetings too closely together. Y ou need to allow time for delays and break-downs.W: Y eah, this is something travelers have to remember when they plan their trips.M: And another thing, get to know a good travel agent and make sure he gives you the best possible service. Take discounts for example, a good travel agent can get first-class ticket for the price of business-class. This is because he does enough volume of business and he can get discounts with airlines on his own behalf. He should pass them on to you. So make sure he indeed does.W: I think the worst part of a trip is having to travel overnight or being stuck for a weekend in some dreadful place. Are there any ways avoiding that?M: Yes. We can break or stop over in a more relaxing or lively place. It's often available at special cheap weekend rate. V arious airlines and hotel chains offer these. And it's always more pleasant to stay a night in a hotel than on a plane even if you travel business-class.W: Y es. OK, thank you, Nigel, for all the useful information and advice.M: Pleasure!11.According to Nigel, most problems of air travel are caused by ________.[A] Unfavorable weather conditions. [B] Airports handling capacity. [C] Inadequate ticketing service. [D] Overbooking.[参考答案] B12.[A] Free ticket. [B] Free phone call [C] Cash reward [D] Seat reservation[参考答案] C13.Why does Nigel suggest that business travelers avoid big airports?[A] Because all flights in and out of there are full. [B] Because the volume of traffic is heavy.[C] Because there are more popular flights. [D] Because there are more delays and cancellations. [参考答案] B14.According to Nigel, inexperience travelers are likely to make the following mistakes except ________.[A] Booking on less popular flights. [B] buying tickets at full price. [C] carrying excessive luggage. [D] planning long business trips.[参考答案] D15.Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?[A] The possibility of discounts depends on a travel agent's volume of business. [B] Longer flights to the same destination maybe cheaper. [C] It is advisable to plan every detail of a trip in advance. [D] Arranging for stopovers can avoid overnight travel.[参考答案] CSECTION CIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your ANSWER SHEET.题16[原文]The death toll rose to 74 on Tuesday in Japan's deadliest rail crash in decades as crews pulled more victims from the wreckage. Investigators focused on whether excessive speed or the driver's inexperience had caused the train to derail and slam into an apartment building. The 7-car commuter train carrying 580 passengers left the rails Monday morning in Amagasaki, a suburb of Osaka, about 250 miles west of Tokyo, it injured more than 440 people.16.what happened on Monday?[A] A train crash occurred causing minor injuries. [B] Investigator found out the cause of the accident. [C] Crews rescued more passengers from the site. [D] A commuter train crashed into a[参考答案] D[原文]20 of the world's top economies promised to help Iraq lower its debt and to help restart global trade talks after a 2-day meeting in Mexico on Monday. Officials from the group of 20, G20 Nations, also discussed the possibility of sanctioning countries that refused to cooperate in the fight against terrorism. Possible sanctions were not outlined at the meeting. In a declaration released at the end of the meeting, ministers called on World Trade Organization, WTO members, to restart the trade talks that collapsed in Kankoon last month. Nations must quickly reenergize the negotiation process, recognizing that flexibility and political will from all are urgently needed, it said. G20 ministers also talked about the possibility of creating a V oluntary Code of Conduct to govern negotiations between creditors and countries on the verge of defaulting on debt. The code would outline the steps that should be taken to prevent a financial crisis. Created in 1999 to avoid financial disasters and to keep the global economy stable, the G20 is made up of the European Union and 19 other countries including Australia, Brazil, China, Japan and the US.17.Which of the following was not on the agenda of the G20 meeting?[A] Iraq debts [B] WTO talks [C] Financial disasters [D] Possible sanctions[参考答案] C18.The G20 is a(n)________ organization.[A] International [B] European [C] Regional [D] Asian[参考答案] A题19 - 20[原文]The United Nations celebrated the 60th anniversary of its Charter on Monday, the speakers addressing the UN General Assembly. UN Secretary General Kofi Annan said the UN had both successes and failures in carrying out the pledges in the Charter. The UN Charter is the constitution of the organization. It was signed in San Francisco on June 26th, 1945 by the 50 original member countries. It took effect on October 24th, 1945 after being improved by the 5 founding members: China, France, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and the United States and the majority of the other countries that signed the Charter. The Charter is a constitution on trading or countries that signed it are bound by its articles. It states that the Charter comes first above all other treaties. Its main purposes include the prevention of new conflict, building peace and protecting human rights and social progress. The most important chapters are these dealing with enforce ment powers of UN bodies. They describe, for example, the Security Council's power to investigate and mediate disputes. They also describe its power to authorize economic, diplomatic and military sanctions asoverhaul the organization, including the Security Council. This could be the most comprehensive UN reform since its foundation。

英语专业八级翻译真题（1998年

TEM-8 翻译部分英语专业八‎级翻译真题‎（1998年‎——2007年‎）第一部分汉译英Passa‎g e 1.( 1998年‎)1997年‎2月24日‎我们代表下‎榻日月潭中‎信大饭店，送走了最后‎一批客人，已是次日凌‎晨3点了。

我躺在床上‎久久不能入‎睡，披衣走到窗‎前，往外看去，只见四周群‎峦叠翠，湖面波光粼‎粼。

望着台湾这‎仅有的景色‎如画的天然‎湖泊，我想了许多‎，许多……这次到台湾‎访问交流，虽然行程匆‎匆，但是，看了不少地‎方，访了旧友，交了新知，大家走到一‎起，谈论的一个‎重要话题就‎是中华民族‎在21世纪‎的强盛。

虽然祖国大‎陆、台湾的青年‎生活在不同‎的社会环境‎中，有着各自不‎同的生活经‎历，但大家的内‎心都深国统‎一大业的早‎日完成。

世纪之交的‎宝贵机遇和‎巨大挑战把‎青年推到了‎历史的前台‎。

跨世纪青年‎一代应该用‎什么样的姿‎态迎接充满‎希望的新世‎纪，这是我们必‎须回答的问‎题。

日月潭水波‎不兴，仿佛与我一‎同在思索……Passa‎g e 2.( 1999年‎)加拿大的温‎哥华198‎6年刚刚度‎过百岁生日‎，但城市的发‎展令世界瞩‎目。

以港立市，以港兴市，是许多港口‎城市生存发‎展的道路。

经过百年开‎发建设，有着天然不‎冻良港的温‎哥华，成为举世闻‎名的港口城‎市，同亚洲、大洋洲、欧洲、拉丁美洲均‎有定期班轮‎，年货物吞吐‎量达到8，000万吨‎，全市就业人‎口中有三分‎之一从事贸‎易与运输行‎业。

温哥华（Vanco‎u ver）的辉煌是温‎哥华人智慧‎和勤奋的结‎晶，其中包括多‎民族的贡献‎。

加拿大地广‎人稀，国土面积比‎中国还大，人口却不足‎3000万‎。

吸收外来移‎民，是加拿大长‎期奉行的国‎策。

可以说，加拿大除了‎印第安人外‎，无一不是外‎来移民，不同的只是‎时间长短而‎已。

温哥华则更‎是世界上屈‎指可数的多‎民族城市。

现今180‎万温哥华居‎民中，有一半不是‎在本地出生‎的，每4个居民‎中就有一个‎是亚洲人。

2007年_专八翻译汉译英和英译汉参考答案

• 汉英翻译:美生灵（张炜《读者》2006年 13期
• At dusk, the river bend is full of the reflection of rosy clouds. The colors of the river are so mixed with those of the sky in the horizon that it is virtually impossible to distinguish the drifting clouds from the flowing water.It was near this splendid picture that a flock of sheep were lowering their heads and grazing on the river bend.
我们正处于一个知识爆炸的世界之中，不过，更迫切需要智慧。现在，新闻采访报道变得愈来愈短，即时信息取代了传统的杂记文，个人生活变得愈加痴狂，值此之际，具有思辨能力的大学生正是时代所需。
基于这些原因，对于高等院校独一无二、不可取代的使命，我一直坚信--今天，这种信心更为强烈。

Hardly any of them spared time to raise their heads and take a glance at the beautiful dusk. They were, perhaps, making use of every minute to enjoy their last chews before being driven home. This was a picture on the Yellow River Bank, in which the shepherd was out of sight, and might be resting in an unknown place. Only these beautiful creatures leisurely enjoyed themselves in the dusk. The ample fresh water and exuberant plants had nurtured the sheep, making them grow as round as chubby babies. When approaching near, you would find their lovely faces with white teeth and their rich yet innocent facial expression.

07年专业八级考试部分试题及答案(3)

07年专业八级考试部分试题及答案(3)阅读理解文章出处：第一篇：（The Welsh language……）《国家地理》杂志The language has always been the ultimate marker of Welsh identity, but a generation ago it looked as if Welsh would go the way of Manx, once widely spoken on the Isle of Man but now extinct. Government financing and central planning, however, have helped reverse the decline of Welsh. Road signs and official public documents are written in both Welsh and English, and schoolchildren are required to learn both languages. Welsh is now one of the most successful of Europe’s regional languages, spoken by more than a half million of the country’s three million people.第二篇：（Getting to the heart of Kuwaiti democracy……）《新闻周刊》May 23 issue - Getting to the heart of Kuwaiti democracy seems hilariously easy. Armed only with a dog-eared NEWSWEEK ID, I ambled through the gates of the National Assembly last week. Unscanned, unsearched, my satchel could easily have held the odd grenade or an anthrax-stuffed lunchbox. The only person who stopped me was a guard who grinned and invited me to take a swig of orange juice from his plastic bottle……第四篇：（The miserable fate of Enron’s employees……）02/04/2002Fortune MagazineThe miserable fate of Enron’s employees will be a landmark in business history, one of those awful events that everyone agrees must never be allowed to happen again. This urge is understandable and noble: Thousands have lost virtually all their retirement savings with the demise of Enron stock. But making sure it never happens again may not be possible, because the sudden impoverishment of those Enron workers represents something even larger than it seems. It’s the latest turn in the unwinding of one of the most audacious promises of the 20th century……。

2007年英语专业八级真题及详解【圣才出品】

2007年英语专业八级真题及详解TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS(2007)-GRADE EIGHT-TIME LIMIT:150MIN PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION(25MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture.You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture,please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s)you fill in is(are)both grammatically and semantically acceptable.You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the mini-lecture.When it is over,you will be given THREE minutes to check you work.What Can We Learn from Art?【答案与解析】(1)politics,economics and war细节题。

演讲一开始介绍了普通历史与艺术史的不同，本题主要针对普通历史设题。

演讲中提到“most typical history courses concentrate on Politics,economics and war”，这里的“typical”与题干中的“general”属于同义复述，因此直接提取答案politics, economics and war。

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