2014年04月全国自考00832《英语词汇学》历年真题试题及答案
2012年4月全国自考《英语词汇学：00832》试题和答案
2012年4月全国自考《英语词汇学：00832》试题和答案全国2012年4月高等教育自学考试《英语词汇学》试题和答案课程代码：00832I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%) 1. Words of the basic word stock denote the most common things and phenomena of the world around us. Which of the following words is related to the natural phenomena?A. FatherB. FireC. EvilD. Old2. The differences between sound and form are due to the following EXCEPT .A. the fact of more phonemes than letters in EnglishB. stabilization of spelling by printingC. influence of the work of scribesD. innovations made by linguists3. There are functional words in the following sentence: It is fun to play with children.A. 3B. 4C. 5D. 64. The surviving language fall into eight principal groups. Blato-Slavic, Indo-Iranian, Armenian and Albanian belong to the-------- set.A. EasternB. SouthernC. WesternD. Northern5. With the growth of------, British tentacles began stretching out to every corner of the globe, thus enabling English to absorb words from all major language of the world.A. civilizationB. revolutionC. colonizationD. industrialization6. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. English is more closely related to German than FrenchB. Scandinavian languages refer to Icelandic, Norwegian, Danish and Swedish.C. Old English vocabulary was in essence Germanic with a small quantity of words borrowed from latin and Scandinavian.D. Middle English absorbed a tremendous number of foreign words but with little change in word endings.7. The word “ recollection” comprises----------- morphem s(s)A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 48. The following words have inflectional affixes EXCEPT---------------A. happierB. workerC. harderD. taller9. Which of the following words is a root?A. InternationalB. NationC. NationalD. Internationalists10. The expansion of vocabulary in modern English depends chiefly on----------A. borrowingB. sematic changeC. word-formationD. reviving archaic words11. The word” brainstorming” belongs to------------A. adjective compoundsB. noun compoundsC. verb compoundsD. adverb compounds12. ---------- does not generally change the word-class of the stem but only modifies its meaning.A. PrefixationB. SuffixationC. AffixationD. Derivation13. A word is the combination of form and ---------.A. spellingB. pronunciationC. meaningD. sound14. ------------ is the result of human cognition, reflecting the objective world in the human mind.A. ReferenceB. ConceptC. SenseD. Motivation15. The meaning given in the dictionary and forming the core of word-meaning is-------.A. grammatical meaningB. lexical meaningC. conceptual meaningD. associative meaning16. The opposite of semantic elevation in meaning change is called-----------A. derivationB. deteriorationC. purificationD. pejoration17. One of the interesting features about a language is that there are a great many more----------than--------- in it.A. hyponyms… homonymsB. homonyms…. hyponymsC. synonyms… antonymsD. antonyms……… synonyms18. Relative synonyms also called----------- are similar or nearly the same in denotation, but embrace different degree of a given quality.A. close- synonymsB. respondent- synonymsC. near- synonymsD. dependent- synonyms19. Angel, martyr and paradise have their meaning---------- because of the influence of Christianity.A. elevatedB. degradedC. narrowedD. extended20. Word- meaning changes by modes of extension, narrowing, degradation, elevation and --------A. senseB. referenceC. associationD. transfer21. The well- known semanticist Ullmann notes, “ language is more----than civilization, material as well as moral.”A. creative B conservativeC. radicalD. constructive22. Which of the following is NOT one of the types of context?A. Linguistic contextB. Non- linguistic contextC. Extra- linguistic context C. Intra- linguistic context23. Which of the following may NOT lead to ambiguity?A. Grammatical structureB. PolysemyC. AntonymyD. Hyponymy24. Which of the following is NOT true about linguistic context?A. It can be subdivided into grammatical context and lexical contextB. It embraces the people, time and placeC. It refers to the words, clauses, sentence in which a word appearsD. It may cover a paragraph, a whole chapter and even the entire book25. The idiom” live by one’ s pen” is a ------------- as far as figures of speech are concerned.A. simileB. metaphorC. metonymyD. personification26.” Cut and dried” is an idiom------ in nature.A. verbalB. nominalC. adjectivalD. adverbial27. The change of idiom” A round peg in the squarest of holes” from the original form is---------.A. dismemberingB. position- shiftingC. additionD. shortening28. According to the textbook , the best-known unabridged dictionary is-----------.A. The Word Book DictionaryB. The Encyclopedia AmericanaC. Webster’s New World DictionaryD. Webster’s Third New International Dictionary29. Which of the following dictionaries is NOT a bilingual dictionary?A Oxford Advanced Learner’ s Dictionary of Current English with Chinese Translation.B. A New English- Chinese Dictionary.C. Longman Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs.D. A Chinese- English Dictionary(1995).30. Which of the following is true about an American Dictionary?A. It is always better than a British dictionary.B. It contains more encyclopedic information in the main body.C. One can never expect to find British usages in it.D. It includes more grammatical information.II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (15 % )31. A world is a-------form of a language that has a given sound and syntactic function.32. In the Middle English period, the Norman Conquest started a continual flow of----------Words into English.33. The basic form of a word which cannot be further analyzed without total loss of identity is a called a -----------.34. The method of creation words by removing the supposed suffixes is called-------------.35. Words such as “ vicious, tyrant, determined, famous, notorious” usuallyindicate the speaker’s attitude towards the person or thing in question. They have---------- meaning in themselves.36. A word which is related to other words is related to them in----------.37. Car which used to be a “ two- wheel cart drawn by horses and used in------------- “ has taken on the meaning “ automobile” with the development of modern car industry.38. In the sentence “ Copernicus believed in a heliocentric universe, rather than in the geocentric theory. “ , the word “ heliocentric “ is explained by the clue of ------------ structure.39. Due to structural ---------- of idioms, the word order of the idiom “ by twos and threes” cannot be turned into “ by threes and twos”.40. Against the traditional practice of lexicography, --------- creates an extra column arranged alongside the definitions.III. Define the following terms. (15%)41. archaisms42. stem43. grammatical meaning44.amelioration45. rhetoric characteristics of idiomsIV. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below. (20 % )46. What are the three periods in view of the development of English vocabulary?47. What is the difference between partial and full conversion? Explain them with examples.48. The word “ happy” has two different types of antonyms at the same time, one being negative and the other opposite. What are they?49. Can you determine the meanings of the following sentences? Explain and make some alterations in the context so as to pin down the meaning.(a) The fish is ready to eat.(b) I like Mary better than Jean.V. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below. (20 % )50. Comment on the following groups of words to illustrate semantic features and grammatical features of compounds.Group 1 : ” a green hand”, “ flowerpot”Group 2: “ bad- mouth”, “ new- borns”51. Analyze and comment on the following sentences based on the concept that antonyms differ in semantic inclusion.[ A ] How tall is his sister?[ B ] How short is his sister?2012年4月全国自考英语词汇学答案一01-05：B D A A C06-10：D C B B C11-15：B A C B C16-20：D C C A D21-25：B D C B C26-30：C A D C C B二31 minimal free 32 French 33 root 34 back- formation 35 affective36 sense 37 war 38 word 39 stability 40 CCELD三41 Archaisms are words or forms that were once in common use but are now restricted only to specialized or limited use.42 A stem can be defined as a from to which affixes of any kind can be added.43 Grammatical meaning refers to that part of the meaning of the word which indicates grammatical concept or relationships such as part of speech of words, singular and plural meaning of nouns, tense meaning of verbs and their inflectional forms.44 Elevation or amelioration refers to the process by which words rise from humble beginnings to positions of importance.45 Apart from the stylistic features, idioms manifest apparent rhetorical colouring in such respects as of phonetic manipulation, lexical manipulation and figures of speech.四46 The three periods of the development of English are 1) Old English, which is the language used between 450and 1150 and which has a vocabulary of 50000-60000 words; 2) Middle English, which refers to the language spoken from 1150-1500;3) Modern English, which is divided by early modern English(1500-1700) and late modern English (1700 up to now).47 When adjectives are concerted into the nouns, some are completely changed,thus known as full conversion, and other are partially changed, thus known as partial conversion. Adjective which are fully converted can achieve a full noun status, e.g. , having all the characteristics of nouns,, that is , they can take” a/an” or “-s/-es” to indicate singular or plural forms: a native, a Republican, a pair of shoes, finals. Adjectives which are partially converted can still keep adjective features. They should always be used with” the”, and they cannot take”-s/-es” to show plural forms. Moreover, the words can have comparative or superlative degrees: the poorer, the poorer, the young, the very unfortunate.48 Of the two antonyms of the word “ happy”, the negative one is “ unhappy”, the opposite one is “ sad”.49 Yes. On a grammatical basis, both sentence can have two interpretations. The first sentence may mean “ The fish is cooked or served, so ready for people to eat” or “The fish is ready to eat things”. However, in the context of” What a nice smell! The fish is ready to eat “,”fish” definitely means the former. To achieve clarity, we can say “ The fish is ready to be eaten”. The second sentence can be regarded as an elliptical one, which gives rise to ambiguity:” I like Marry better than I like Jean” or “I like Mary better than Jean like Mary”. To achieve clarity , we can either say “ I like Mary better than Jean dose” or “ I like Mary better than I do Jean” or “ I like Mary better as Jean is untidy”, etc.五Compounds are different from free phrases in semantic unity. Every compound should express a single idea just as one word. For instance,” a green hand” is an” inexperienced person”, not a hand that is green in colour. The meaning of such example cannot be easily inferred from the two components of the compound. Nevertheless, a lot of compounds are transparent, that is, the meaning can inferred from the separate elements of compound. The compound ” flowerpot” can be an example. But the two elements are inseparable and the change of element will result in the loss of original identity.A compound tends to play a single grammatical role in a sentence, for example, a verb, a noun, or an adjective. “ Bad-mouth” used as a verb can take the third person singular”-s” and the past tense marker”-ed”,e.g., “He bad-mouthed me.” Compounds can show their plural forms by takinginflectional”-s” at the end,e.g., “ new-borns”. Of course, there are exceptions such as brothers-in-law, lookers-on. In spite of this their single grammatical role is apparent.51 Pairs of antonyms are seen as marked and unmarked terms respectively. In many pairs, we find that one member is more specific than the other and themeaning of the specific is included in that of the general. So far as the meaning is concerned, sentence A includes the meaning of B. The use of “ tall” does not exclude the possibility of “ his sister being very short”. But sentence B is much more restricted in sense and is considered semantically abnormal unless the speaker is particularly interested in how short his sister is.。
(英语词汇学)00832自考重点试卷(一)
(英语词汇学)00832自考重点试卷（一）pletethefollowingstatementorpassagewithproperexpressions.〔每题1分，共10分〕1.Archaismsarewordsnolongerin_________useor_______inuse.2.Awordwhosemeaningwasborrowedfromanotherlanguageiscalled_________.3.TheIndo-Europeanlanguageismadeupofmostofthelanguagesof_____；_______；_____.4.Aboundrootisthatpartofthewordthatcarriesthe_______meaningjustlikea________.InEnglish，boundrootsareeither_______or_________.5.Affixesareformsthatare________towordsorwordelementstomodifymeaningorfunction.Wecanputthemintotw ogroups：________and________.6.TheexpansionofvocabularyinmodernEnglishdependschieflyon______.Themostproductiveare_________，________and________.7.Acompoundisaunitconsistingofmorethanonestemandfunctioningboth________and______asasingleword.8.Whenawordisfirstcoined，itisalways______.Butinthecourseofdevelopment，thesamesymbolmustbeusedtoexpressmoremeanings，theresultis________.9.SynonymscanbedefinedasoneoftwoormorewordsintheEnglishlanguagewhichhavethesameorverynearlythesam e_______meaning.10.Synonymscanbeclassifiedintotwomajorgroups：________and_________.II.Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.〔每题1分，共10分〕1.OldEnglishwasahighlyinflectedlanguage.〔〕2.ModernEnglishisconsideredtobeananalyticlanguage.〔〕3.Themostimportantmodeofvocabularydevelopmentinpresent-dayEnglishiscreationofnewwordsbymeansofwor dformation.〔〕4.MiddleEnglishabsorbedatremendousnumberofforeignwordsbutwithlittlechangeinwordendings.〔〕5.Themeaningofacompoundisusuallythecombinationofthestems.〔〕6.Acompoundfunctionsasasinglegrammaticalunit，sotheinternalstructurecannotbechanged.〔〕7.Suchwordsasthepoorer，thedeparted，aRepublicanareallexamplesofpartialconversion.〔〕8.Wordsmainlyinvolvedinconversionarenouns，verbsandadverbs.〔〕9.Semanticunityandstructuralstabilityaregeneralfeaturesofidioms，buttherearemanyexceptions.〔〕10.Idiomsarecharacterizedbyterseness，expressivenessandvividness.〔〕III.Fillineachblandwithawordcontraryinmeaningtothewordgiveninthebracket.〔每题2分，共20分〕1.Beadsandshellsare________formsofmoney.〔modern〕2.Ihavefinishedalltheexercises，Iam______done.〔partly〕3.Onahumidday，thereisalotof________intheair.〔dryness〕4.Mosquitoeswon'tbitejustanyone.Theylookforsomeone________.〔ordinary〕5.Ifyouwanttodrive，itis______tohaveadriver'slicense.〔unnecessary〕6.Thereisagreat_____inourpoliticalbeliefs.Weagreeonmostthings.〔difference〕7.Themansaid，“Iam________.Ididn'tdoit！”〔guilty〕8.Thesoldierstoodina______positionwhilethegeneralwalkedpasthim.〔relaxed〕9.Youwillhaveto______thestringinordertoopenthebox.〔tighten〕10.Noonelivesinthat______house.〔inhabited〕IV.Explainthefollowingterms：〔每题5分，共20分〕1.word2.affixes3.concept4.hyponymyV.Fillintheblankswiththefollowingverbalphrasesintheirsuitableforms：〔每题1分，共20分〕takeon；breakinto；biteinto；goabout；letout；drawup；setdown；holdonto；bringup；makeout；dryup；putout；livethrough；setoff；callfor；tearapart；buyoff；buildin；counton；sinkin1.1848wasayearofrevolutioninEurope；KarlMarxandFrederickEngelspublishedtheCommunistManifesto，andpoliticaldemonstration______thegreatcitiesofParis，Vienna，NaplesandBerlin.2.Withliberaldosesofcalomel，rhubarbandcastoroil，heslowlyimproved，andafterthreeweeks，he______histrousersandwaseagertoescapefromhisbed.3.Hetravelledtofoundlinghomes，prisonsandlunaticasylumsinhissearchforpeople.4.We________attopspeedthroughthenarrowstreetsofHiroshima.5.Iwasjustabouttomakemylittlebowofassent，whenthemeaningoftheselastwords_______，joltingmeoutofmysadreverie.6.Noonetalksaboutitanymore，andnoonewantsto，especially，thepeoplewhowerebornhereorwho______it.7.DuringdinnerMr.ChurchillsaidthataGermanattackonRussiawasnowcertain，andhethoughtthatHitlerwas______enlistingcapitalistandRightWingsympathiesinthiscountryandtheU.S.A.8.MyhusbandandIfindstrongsmokeoffensive.Wouldyoukindly_______that_______？9.Assumingthehotelmanwas______，theironlychance-aslimone-layinremovingthecarquickly.10.Whenrailroadsbegan______thedemandforsteamboatpilotsandtheCivilWarhaltedcommerce，MarkTwainleftthecountry.11.BythetimethetrialbeganonJuly10，ourtownof1500peoplehad_______acircus.12.AmongthemwasJohnButler，whohad_______theanti-evolutionlaw.13.Thenthecourt______astormofapplausethatsurpassedthatforBryan.14.Thefirst-andessential-stepinthestudyofanylanguageisobservingand______preciselywhathappenswhenn ativespeakersspeakit.15.By1976，theslumphadbegunto_______thebulk-carriertrade.16.Thekeytacticbehinditsstrategyof_______therichestsliceofthetradehasbeentomoveup-market-togowher etheThirdWorldcannotfollowintohigh-technologyinvestment.17.Sailorsandofficers______theirchoresasusualontheseships，amidpipingandloudspeakersquawks.18.Mr.Hopkinshas_______yourname.Heappearsimpressed，andthePresidenttoo，byyourexpertiseonlandingcraftandsoforth.19.He_________aSouthernwarwhoop.Inaflash，John，MckeanandFranklincrowdedaroundhim.20.Mr.Jefferson，Ican'tquite________whatitisyou'retalkingabout.VI.Questionsandanswers：〔每题10分，共20分〕1.Whatisextra-linguisticcontext？2.Whatisback-formation？本资料由广州自考网收集整理，更多自考资料请登录下载考试必看：自考一次通过的秘诀！。
全国英语词汇学（00832）高等教育自学考试试题与答案
全国英语词汇学（00832）高等教育自学考试试题与答案全国高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题课程代码：00832Ⅰ．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（30%）1．According to semanticists, a word is a unit of ______.（）A．meaning B．SoundC．combination of sounds D．Group2．The pronunciation has changed ______ spelling over the years.（）A．more slowly than B．As quickly asC．more rapidly than D．Not so quickly as3．Words may fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by ______.（）A．use frequency B．notion C．origin D．sound4．Rapid growth of science and technology breeds such new words as the following EXCEPT______.（）A．green revolution B．fast foodC．moon walk D．space shuttle5．Semantic change means an old form which takes on a new ______ to meet the new need.（）A．form B．meaningC．look D．pronunciation6．Reviving archaic words also contribute to the growth of English vocabulary. For instance, in American English “fall” means ______ in British English.（）A．four B．fellC．for D．autumn7．The plural morpheme “-s” is realized by /s/after the following sounds EXCEPT ______.（）A．/t/ B．/g/C．/p/ D．/k/英语词汇学试卷第 1 页共9 页8．There are ______ free morphemic words in the following: bird, man, red, collection.（）A．one B．twoC．three D．four9．The following words have derivational affixes EXCEPT ______.（）A．works B．prewarC．postwar D．bloody10．30% to 40% of the total number of new words in English are produced through ______.（）A．compounding B．affixationC．conversion D．shortening11．The word “motel” is created by ______.（）A．compounding B．clippingC．blending D．suffixation12．“BBC” is formed in the way of ______.（）A．acronymy B．clippingC．back-formation D．prefixation13．The types of meanings include the following EXCEPT ______.（）A．grammatical meaning B．conceptual meaning C．associative meaning D．literal meaning14．By ______ motivation, we mean that the meaning of a word is related to its origin.（）A．onomatopoeic B．morphologicalC．semantic D．etymological15．______ is the result of human cognition, reflecting the objective world in the human mind.（）A．Reference B．ConceptC．Sense D．Motivation16．Semantic field, according to the course book, is also considered an integral part of ______.（）A．word formation B．word meaningC．meaning change D．Sense relations英语词汇学试卷第 2 页共9 页17．When a word is first coined, it is always ______.（）A．semantic B．onomatopoeicC．monosemic D．polysemic18．The following are all synonymous pairs, but in each the second is standard in usage whereas the first is archaic, EXCEPT ______.（）A．ire/anger B．rich/wealthyC．forlorn/distressed D．bliss/happiness19．Shakespeare is difficult to understand than contemporary writings because many of his words were used in different ______ from what they have now in dictionaries.（）A．senses B．FormsC．dialects D．T erms20．The mode of ______ is well reflected in the word “picture”, which originally denoted mere “painting”, but now has come to include “drawings” and even “photographs”（）A．extension B．elevationC．narrowing D．degradation21．In the sentence “The old man, though poor, is a respectable gentleman.”, the word “respectable” is used in the ______ sense of transfer.（）A．subjective B．objectiveC．sensational D．physical22．Which of the following is NOT one of the roles of context?（）A．Elimination of ambiguity.B．Indication of referents.C．Provision of clues for inferring word-meaning.D．Provision of culture background for inferring word-meaning.23．The sentence “I lost Betty’s picture.” is ambiguous due to ______.（）A．grammatical context B．polysemy C．antonymy D．hyponymy24．In the sentence “An east or north-east wind brings cold dry weather to England, but a sou’Wester usually brings rain.”, the meaning of “sou’wester” can be inferred from the clue of ______.（）英语词汇学试卷第 3 页共9 页A．relevant details B．synonymyC．antonymy D．hyponymy25．The idiom “toss and turn” is a(n) ______ as far as rhetorical features of idioms are concerned.（）A．alliteration B．metaphorC．metonymy D．rhyme26．Which of the following is NOT one of the types of idioms?（）A．Sentence idioms. B．Idioms adverbial in nature.C．Clausal idioms. D．Idioms nominal in nature.27．The following are all variations of idioms, EXCEPT ______.（）A．replacement B．additionC．shortening D．repetition28．Generally speaking, a dictionary will cover the following content EXCEPT ______.（）A．spelling B．syntactical usage C．pronunciation D．definition29．As a general Chinese-English dictionary, ______ is the most complete and up-to-date, most elaborately treated one（）A．A Chinese-English Dictionary (1995)B．Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English with Chinese TranslationC．A New English-Chinese DictionaryD．Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English with Chinese Translation30．Collins COBUILD English Usage (1992), is a(n) ______ dictionary.（）A．unabridged B．deskC．specialized D．encyclopedicⅡ．Match the words in Column A with the words in ColumnB according to 1) types of transfer; 2) rhetorical features of idioms;3) types of vocabulary by notion; and 4) the function of affixes. (10%)A B（ c ）31．She burst into passionate sobbing. A．juxtaposition（I ）32．He drops off to sleep, the lamb. B．notional word 英语词汇学试卷第 4 页共9 页（g ）33．and C．transfer of sensations（h ）34．the man’s coat D．abstract to concrete（ a ）35．here and there E．derivational affix（ b ）36．moon F．alliteration（ f ）37．rough and ready G．functional word（ e ）38．ex-prisoner H．inflectional affix（j ）39．fair and square I．associated transfer（d ）40．Helen looks a fright in that old black dress. J．rhymeⅢ．Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.（10%）41．When we talk about a word in visual terms, a word can be defined as a ________ group of letters printed or written horizontally across a piece of paper.42．Modern English vocabulary develops through three channels: ________, semantic change and borrowing.43．We might say that free morphemes are free root.44．The formation of words by adding word-forming affixes to stems is called ________. 45．Semantic ________ refers to the mental associations suggested by the conceptual meaning ofa word．46．Perfect homonyms and polysemants are fully ________ with regard to spelling and pronunciation.47．V ocabulary is the most ________ element of a language as it is undergoing constant changes both in form and content.48．Ambiguity often arises due to ________ and homonymy.49．Idioms consist of set ________ and short sentences.50．Monolingual dictionaries are written in ________ language.Ⅳ．Define the following terms.（10%）51．morpheme52．homonym53．connotation54．elevation55．idiom英语词汇学试卷第 5 页共9 页Ⅴ．Answer the following questions. Your answers should beclear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.（20%）56．As far as growth of present-day English vocabulary is concerned, what are the three main sources of new words?57．What are the semantic features of compounds? Give an example to illustrate your point. 58．Decide whether the following statement is true or false, based on your understanding of the characteristics of antonyms. State your reason with one example.Contrary terms are non-gradable and allow intermediate members in between.59．How do you account for the context function as indication of referents?Ⅵ．Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.（20%）60．Analyze the following dialogue and comment on the rhetoric use of homonym in italicized font.—“You’re not eating your fish,” a waitress said to a customer. “Anything wrong with it?”—“Long time no sea.” the customer replied.61．Analyze the three causes of meaning change within the scope of the linguistic factors, based on the given words below.（1）gold, bulb;（2）deer, beast, animals;（3）fortuitous, fruition.英语词汇学试卷第 6 页共9 页英语词汇学试卷第7 页共9 页英语词汇学试卷第8 页共9 页英语词汇学试卷第9 页共9 页。
全国英语词汇学(00832)2009年4月高等教育自学考试试题与答案
全国2009年4月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题课程代码：00832Ⅰ．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（30%）1．According to semanticists, a word is a unit of ______.（）A．meaning B．SoundC．combination of sounds D．Group2．The pronunciation has changed ______ spelling over the years.（）A．more slowly than B．As quickly asC．more rapidly than D．Not so quickly as3．Words may fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by ______.（）A．use frequency B．notionC．origin D．sound4．Rapid growth of science and technology breeds such new words as the following EXCEPT______.（）A．green revolution B．fast foodC．moon walk D．space shuttle5．Semantic change means an old form which takes on a new ______ to meet the new need.（）A．form B．meaningC．look D．pronunciation6．Reviving archaic words also contribute to the growth of English vocabulary. For instance, in American English “fall” means ______ in British English.（）A．four B．fellC．for D．autumn7．The plural morpheme “-s” is realized by /s/after the following sounds EXCEPT ______.（）A．/t/ B．/g/C．/p/ D．/k/浙00832#英语词汇学试卷第1 页共9 页8．There are ______ free morphemic words in the following: bird, man, red, collection.（）A．one B．twoC．three D．four9．The following words have derivational affixes EXCEPT ______.（）A．works B．prewarC．postwar D．bloody10．30% to 40% of the total number of new words in English are produced through ______.（）A．compounding B．affixationC．conversion D．shortening11．The word “motel” is created by ______.（）A．compounding B．clippingC．blending D．suffixation12．“BBC” is formed in the way of ______.（）A．acronymy B．clippingC．back-formation D．prefixation13．The types of meanings include the following EXCEPT ______.（）A．grammatical meaning B．conceptual meaningC．associative meaning D．literal meaning14．By ______ motivation, we mean that the meaning of a word is related to its origin.（）A．onomatopoeic B．morphologicalC．semantic D．etymological15．______ is the result of human cognition, reflecting the objective world in the human mind.（）A．Reference B．ConceptC．Sense D．Motivation16．Semantic field, according to the course book, is also considered an integral part of ______.（）A．word formation B．word meaningC．meaning change D．Sense relations浙00832#英语词汇学试卷第2 页共9 页17．When a word is first coined, it is always ______.（）A．semantic B．onomatopoeicC．monosemic D．polysemic18．The following are all synonymous pairs, but in each the second is standard in usage whereas the first is archaic, EXCEPT ______.（）A．ire/anger B．rich/wealthyC．forlorn/distressed D．bliss/happiness19．Shakespeare is difficult to understand than contemporary writings because many of his words were used in different ______ from what they have now in dictionaries.（）A．senses B．FormsC．dialects D．Terms20．The mode of ______ is well reflected in the word “picture”, which originally denoted mere “painting”, but now has come to include “drawings” and even “photographs”（）A．extension B．elevationC．narrowing D．degradation21．In the sentence “The old man, though poor, is a respectable gentleman.”, the word “respectable” is used in the ______ sense of transfer.（）A．subjective B．objectiveC．sensational D．physical22．Which of the following is NOT one of the roles of context?（）A．Elimination of ambiguity.B．Indication of referents.C．Provision of clues for inferring word-meaning.D．Provision of culture background for inferring word-meaning.23．The sentence “I lost Betty’s picture.” is ambiguous due to ______.（）A．grammatical context B．polysemyC．antonymy D．hyponymy24．In the sentence “An east or north-east wind brings cold dry weather to England, but a sou’Wester usually brings rain.”, the meaning of “sou’wester” can be inferred from the clue of ______.（）浙00832#英语词汇学试卷第3 页共9 页A．relevant details B．synonymyC．antonymy D．hyponymy25．The idiom “toss and turn” is a(n) ______ as far as rhetorical features of idioms are concerned.（）A．alliteration B．metaphorC．metonymy D．rhyme26．Which of the following is NOT one of the types of idioms?（）A．Sentence idioms. B．Idioms adverbial in nature.C．Clausal idioms. D．Idioms nominal in nature.27．The following are all variations of idioms, EXCEPT ______.（）A．replacement B．additionC．shortening D．repetition28．Generally speaking, a dictionary will cover the following content EXCEPT ______.（）A．spelling B．syntactical usageC．pronunciation D．definition29．As a general Chinese-English dictionary, ______ is the most complete and up-to-date, most elaborately treated one（）A．A Chinese-English Dictionary (1995)B．Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English with Chinese TranslationC．A New English-Chinese DictionaryD．Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English with Chinese Translation30．Collins COBUILD English Usage (1992), is a(n) ______ dictionary.（）A．unabridged B．deskC．specialized D．encyclopedicⅡ．Match the words in Column A with the words in Column B according to 1) types of transfer; 2) rhetorical features of idioms; 3) types of vocabulary by notion; and 4) the function of affixes. (10%)A B（ c ）31．She burst into passionate sobbing. A．juxtaposition（I ）32．He drops off to sleep, the lamb. B．notional word浙00832#英语词汇学试卷第4 页共9 页（g ）33．and C．transfer of sensations（h ）34．the man’s coat D．abstract to concrete（ a ）35．here and there E．derivational affix（ b ）36．moon F．alliteration（ f ）37．rough and ready G．functional word（ e ）38．ex-prisoner H．inflectional affix（j ）39．fair and square I．associated transfer（ d ）40．Helen looks a fright in that old black dress. J．rhymeⅢ．Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.（10%）41．When we talk about a word in visual terms, a word can be defined as a ________ group of letters printed or written horizontally across a piece of paper.42．Modern English vocabulary develops through three channels: ________, semantic change and borrowing.43．We might say that free morphemes are free root.44．The formation of words by adding word-forming affixes to stems is called ________. 45．Semantic ________ refers to the mental associations suggested by the conceptual meaning ofa word．46．Perfect homonyms and polysemants are fully ________ with regard to spelling and pronunciation.47．V ocabulary is the most ________ element of a language as it is undergoing constant changes both in form and content.48．Ambiguity often arises due to ________ and homonymy.49．Idioms consist of set ________ and short sentences.50．Monolingual dictionaries are written in ________ language.Ⅳ．Define the following terms.（10%）51．morpheme52．homonym53．connotation54．elevation55．idiom浙00832#英语词汇学试卷第5 页共9 页Ⅴ．Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.（20%）56．As far as growth of present-day English vocabulary is concerned, what are the three main sources of new words?57．What are the semantic features of compounds? Give an example to illustrate your point. 58．Decide whether the following statement is true or false, based on your understanding of the characteristics of antonyms. State your reason with one example.Contrary terms are non-gradable and allow intermediate members in between.59．How do you account for the context function as indication of referents?Ⅵ．Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.（20%）60．Analyze the following dialogue and comment on the rhetoric use of homonym in italicized font.—“You’re not eating your fish,” a waitress said to a customer. “Anything wrong with it?”—“Long time no sea.” the customer replied.61．Analyze the three causes of meaning change within the scope of the linguistic factors, based on the given words below.（1）gold, bulb;（2）deer, beast, animals;（3）fortuitous, fruition.浙00832#英语词汇学试卷第6 页共9 页浙00832#英语词汇学试卷第7 页共9 页浙00832#英语词汇学试卷第8 页共9 页浙00832#英语词汇学试卷第9 页共9 页。
历年全国自考英语词汇学试题及参考答案
历年全国自考英语词汇学试题及参考答案历年全国自考英语词汇学试题及参考答案4月全国自学考试--英语词汇学试卷及答案第一部分选择题Ⅰ.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（30%）1.In Old English there was _______ agreement between sound form.（）A. moreB. littleC. lessD. gradual2.Both LDCE and CCELD are _______.（）A. general dictionariesB. monolingual dictionariesC. both A and BD. neither A and B3.The word "MINISKIRT" is _______.（）A. morphologically motivatedB. etymologically motivatedC. semantically motivatedD. none of the above4.The most important way of vocabulary development in present-day English is _______.（）A. borrowingB. semantic changeC. creation of new wordsD. all the above5.Beneralization is a process by which a word that originally had a specialized meaning has now become ________.（）A. generalizedB. expandedC. elevatedD. degraded6.Some morphemes have _______ as they are realized by more than one morph according to their position in word.（）A. alternative morphsB. single morphsC. abstract unitsD. discrete units7.Old English vocabulary was essentially_______ with a number of borrowings from Latin and Scandinavian.（）A. ItalicB. GermanicC. CelticD. Hellenic/doc/92c7bcbe1611cc7931b765ce0508763 2301274c9.html pounds are different from free phrases in all the following ways EXCEPT _______.（）A. semanticsB. grammarC. phoneticsD. lexicology9.If two main constituents of an idiom share the same initial sound, it is called _______.（）A. repetitionB. alliterationC. rhymeD. none of the above10.Which of the following words is a functional word?（）A. OftenB. NeverC. AlthoughD. Desk11.Rhetorical features are shown in such respects of phonetic and lexical manipulation as well as _______.（）A. semantic unityB. structural stabilityC. idiomatic variationD. figure of speech12.The advantage of classifying idioms according to grammatical functions is to _______.（）A. use idioms correctly and appropriatelyB. understand idioms correctlyC. remember idioms quicklyD. try a new method of classification13.Borrowing as a source of homonymy in English can be illustrated by _______.（）A. long（not short）B. ball（a dancing party）C. rock（rock'n'roll）D. ad（advertisement）14.The change of word meaning is brought about by the following internal factors EXCEPT _______.（）A. the influx of borrowingB. repetitionC. analogyD. shortening15.Which of the following is NOT a component of linguistic context?（）A. Words and phrases.B. SentencesC. Text or passageD. Time and place第二部分非选择题Ⅱ.Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.（10%）16.Word-meaning changes by modes of extension, narrowing, degradation, elevation and ___________________.17.The language used in England between 450 and 1150is called _________________./doc/92c7bcbe1611cc7931b765ce0508763 2301274c9.html ELD is a ________________ dictionary.19.In the phrase "the mouth of the river",the word "mouth" is _________________ motivated.20.Physical situation or environment relating to the use of words is ________________ context. Ⅲ.Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to1)types of meaning changes;2)types of meaning;3)language branches and 4)meaning and context.（10%）A B21.Scandinavian（）/doc/92c7bcbe1611cc7931b765ce0508763230 1274c9.html l（place where things are made）22.Germanic（）B.grammatical23.extension（）C.double meaning24.narrowing（）D.Swedish25.linguistic（）/doc/92c7bcbe1611cc7931b765ce0508763230 1274c9.html prehend/understand26.ambiguity（）F.Dutch27.participants（）G.degermined28.difference in denotation（）H.pigheaded29.appreciative（）I.non-linguistic30.pejorative（）J.iron（a device for smoothing clothes）Ⅳ.Study the following words or expressions and identify 1）types of bound morphemes underlined, and 2）types of word formation or prefixes.（10%）31.predict（）32.motel（）33.potatoes（）34.blueprint（）35.preliminaries（）36.Southward（）37.demilitarize（）38.hypersensityve（）39.retell（）40.multi-purposes（）Ⅴ.Define the following terms.（10%）41.acronymy42.native words43.elevation44.stylistic meaning45.monolingral dictionaryⅥ.Answer the following questions. Your answers should the clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.（12%）46.How many types of motivation are there in English? Give ONE example for each type.47.What are the major sources of English synonyms? Illustrate your points.48.What are the clues generally provided in verbal context?Ⅶ.Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.（18%）49.analyze the morphological structures of following words and point out the types of the morphemes.Recollection, nationalist, unearthly 50.Pick out the idioms in the following extract and explain its origin and the effect of using this form."Well, it's the old story of the stitch in time," he said.答案4月份高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语词汇学试题参考答案Ⅰ.(30%)1.A2.C3.A4.C5.A6.A7.B8.D9.B 10.C 11.D 12.A 13.B 14.B 15.DⅡ.(10%)16.transfer17.OLD English18.monolingual19.semantically20.extralinguistic/non-linguisticⅢ.(10%)21.D22.F23.A24.J25.B26.C27.I28.E29.G30.HⅣ.(10%)31.bound root32.（head+tail）blinding33.inflectional affix/morpheme34.a+n35.full conversion36.suffix37.reversativ38.prefix of degree39.prefix40.number prefixⅤ.(10%)41.The process of forming new words by joining the initial letters of names of organizations or special noun phrases and technical terms.42.Native words, also known as Anglo-Saxon words, are words brought to Britian in the 5thcentury by the Germanic tribes.43.The process by which words rise from humble beginnings to positions of importance. 44.The distinctive stylistic features of words which make them appropriate for different context.45.A dictionary written in one language, or a dictionary in which entries are defined in the same language.Ⅵ.(12%)46.There are four types of motivation:1）Onomatopoeic motivation, e.g. cuckoo, squeak, quack, etc.2）Morphological motivation, e.g. airmail, reading-lamp, etc.3）Semantic motivation, e.g. the mouth of the river, the foot of the mountain, etc.4）Etymological motivation, e.g. pen, laconic, etc.47.Key points:borrowing; dialects and regional English; figurative and euphemistic use of words; coincidence with idiomatic expressions.48.Key points:definition; explanation; example; synonymy; antonymy; hyponymy; relevant details and word structure.Ⅶ.(18%)49.1）Each of the three words consists of three morphemes, recollection （re+collect+ion）,nationalist （nation+al+ist）,unearthly（un+earth+ly）. 2）Of the nine morphemes, only "collect","nation" and "earth" are free morphemes as they can exist by themselves.3）All the rest re-,-ion,-al,-ist,un- and -ly are bound as none of them can stand alone as words.50.1）the stitch in time ----- a stitch in time saves nine（3分）2）proverbs are concise, forcible and thought-provoking（1分）3）using an old saying is more persuasive（2分）4）the short form saves time, more colloquial（2分）5）indicates intimacy or close relationship（1分）4月份全国高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题及答案英语（本科）专业第一部分选择题I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket（30％）1. Degradation can be illustrated by the following example[ ]A. lewd → ignorantB. silly → foolishC. last → pleasureD. knave → boy2. Homophones are often employed to create puns for desired effects of: [ ]A. humourB. sarcasmC. ridiculeD. all the above3. The four major modes of semantic change are _____. [ ]A. extension, narrowing, elevation and degradationB. extension, generalization, elevation and degradationC. extension, narrowing, specialization and degradationD. extension, elevation, amelioration and degradation4. The use of one name for that of another associated with it is rhetorically called _____. [ ]A. synecdocheB. metonymyC. substitutionD. metaphor5. Idioms adjectival in nature function as _____. [ ]A. adjectivesB. attributesC. modifiersD. words6. Grammatical context refers to _____ in whicha word is used. [ ]A. vocabularyB. grammarC. semantic patternD. syntactic structure7. In the idiom 'in good feather', we change 'good' into 'high, full' without changing meaning.This change of constituent is known as _____ . [ ]A. additionB. replacementC. position-shiftingD. variation8. The word "laconic" is _____. [ ]A. onomatopoeically motivatedB. morphologically motivatedC. semantically motivatedD. etymologically motivated9. CCELD is distinctive for its _____. [ ]A. clear grammar codesB. language notesC. usage notesD. extra columns10.Which of the following words is NOT formed through clipping? [ ]A. DormB. motelC. GentD. Zoo11.Old English has a vocabulary of about _____ words. [ ]A. 30,000 to 40,000B. 50,000 to 60,000C. 70,000 to 80,000D. 80,000 to 90,00012. _____ are bound morphemes because they cannot be used as separate words. [ ]A. RootsB. StemsC. AffixesD. Compounds13. Besides French words, English also absorbed as many as 2,500 words of _____ in the Middle English period. [ ]A. Dutch originB. Danish originC. Latin originD. Greek origin14. A word is a symbol that _____ . [ ]A. is used by the same speech communityB. represents something else in the worldC. is both simple and complex in natureD.shows different ideas in different sounds15.Some words in the basic word stock are said to be stable because they _____. [ ]A. are complex words.B. are technical wordsC. refer to the commonest things in life.D. denote the most important concepts.第二部分非选择题II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book（10％）16. The same idiom may show _____ differences when it is used in different meanings including affective meaning.17. LDCE is a _____ dictionary.18. Antonyms are classified on the basis of _____.19. The opposite of semantic elevation in meaning change is called _____.20. Pronouns and numerals enjoy nation-wide use and stability, but have limited _____.III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1）types of meaning changes;2）types ofmeaning;3）language branches and 4）features of idioms （10％）A B21. grammatical meaning ( ) A. Scottish22. reading-lamp ( ) B. neither fish, flesh, nor fowl23. pen ( ) C. morphologically motivated24. alliteration ( ) D. head of a state25. difference in connotation ( ) E. answer/。
英语词汇学00832自考模拟试卷
《英语词汇学》00832自考模拟试卷（一）I. Complete the following statement or passage with proper expressions.（每题1分，共10分）1. Archaisms are words no longer in _________ use or _______ in use.2. A word whose meaning was borrowed from another language is called _________.3. The Indo - European language is made up of most of the languages of _____； _______； _____.4. A bound root is that part of the word that carries the _______ meaning just like a ________. In English， bound roots are either _______ or _________.5. Affixes are forms that are ________ to words or word elements to modify meaning or function. We can put them into two groups： ________ and ________.6. The expansion of vocabulary in modern English depends chiefly on ______. The most productive are _________， ________ and ________.7. A compound is a unit consisting of more than one stem and functioning both ________ and ______ as a single word.8. When a word is first coined， it is always ______. But in the course of development， the same symbol must be used to express more meanings， the result is ________.9. Synonyms can be defined as one of two or more words in the English language which have the same or very nearly the same _______ meaning.10. Synonyms can be classified into two major groups： ________ and _________.II. Decide whether the following statements are true or false.（每题1分，共10分）1. Old English was a highly inflected language. （）2. Modern English is considered to be an analytic language. （）3. The most important mode of vocabulary development in present - day English is creation of new words by means of word formation. （）4. Middle English absorbed a tremendous number of foreign words but with little change in word endings. （）5. The meaning of a compound is usually the combination of the stems. （）6. A compound functions as a single grammatical unit， so the internal structure can not be changed. （）7. Such words as the poorer， the departed， a Republican are all examples of partial conversion. （）8. Words mainly involved in conversion are nouns， verbs and adverbs. （）9. Semantic unity and structural stability are general features of idioms， but there are many exceptions. （）10. Idioms are characterized by terseness， expressiveness and vividness. （）III. Fill in each bland with a word contrary in meaning to the word given in the bracket.（每题2分，共20分）1. Beads and shells are ________ forms of money. （modern）2. I have finished all the exercises， I am ______ done. （partly）3. On a humid day， there is a lot of ________ in the air. （dryness）4. Mosquitoes won't bite just anyone. They look for someone ________. （ordinary）5. If you want to drive， it is ______ to have a driver's license. （unnecessary）6. There is a great _____ in our political beliefs. We agree on most things. （difference）7. The man said， "I am ________. I didn't do it！" （guilty）8. The soldier stood in a ______ position while the general walked past him. （relaxed）9. You will have to ______ the string in order to open the box. （tighten）10. No one lives in that ______ house. （inhabited）IV. Explain the following terms：（每题5分，共20分）1. word2. affixes3. concept4. hyponymyV. Fill in the blanks with the following verbal phrases in their suitable forms：（每题1分，共20分）take on； break into； bite into ； go about； let out； draw up； set down； hold on to； bring up； make out； dry up； put out； live through； set off； call for； tear apart； buy off； build in； count on； sink in1. 1848 was a year of revolution in Europe； Karl Marx and Frederick Engels published the Communist Manifesto， and political demonstration ______ the great cities of Paris， Vienna， Naples and Berlin.2. With liberal doses of calomel， rhubarb and castor oil， he slowly improved， and after three weeks， he ______ his trousers and was eager to escape from his bed.3. He travelled to foundling homes， prisons and lunatic asylums in his search for people.4. We ________ at top speed through the narrow streets of Hiroshima.5. I was just about to make my little bow of assent， when the meaning of these last words _______，jolting me out of my sad reverie.6. No one talks about it any more， and no one wants to， especially， the people who were born here or who ______ it.7. During dinner Mr. Churchill said that a German attack on Russia was now certain， and he thought that Hitler was ______ enlisting capitalist and Right Wing sympathies in this country and the U. S.A.8. My husband and I find strong smoke offensive. Would you kindly _______ that _______？9. Assuming the hotel man was ______， their only chance - a slim one - lay in removing the car quickly.10. When railroads began ______ the demand for steamboat pilots and the Civil War halted commerce，Mark Twain left the country.11. By the time the trial began on July 10， our town of 1500 people had _______ a circus.12. Among them was John Butler， who had _______ the anti - evolution law.13. Then the court ______ a storm of applause that surpassed that for Bryan.14. The first - and essential - step in the study of any language is observing and ______ precisely what happens when native speakers speak it.15. By 1976， the slump had begun to _______ the bulk - carrier trade.16. The key tactic behind its strategy of _______ the richest slice of the trade has been to move up - market - to go where the Third World cannot follow into high - technology investment.17. Sailors and officers ______ their chores as usual on these ships， amid piping and loudspeaker squawks.18. Mr. Hopkins has _______ your name. He appears impressed， and the President too， by your expertise on landing craft and so forth.19. He _________ a Southern war whoop. In a flash， John， Mckean and Franklin crowded around him.20. Mr. Jefferson， I can't quite ________ what it is you're talking about.VI. Questions and answers：（每题10分，共20分）1. What is extra - linguistic context？2. What is back - formation？本资料由广州自考网收集整理，更多自考资料请登录下载考试必看：自考一次通过的秘诀！。
自考英语词汇学重点及大题4
自考英语词汇学00832重点及大题目录Chapter 1 (1)课文重点 (1)名词解释 (4)简答题 (4)Chapter 2 (5)课文重点 (5)名词解释 (6)简答题 (7)分析题 (7)Chapter 3 (7)课文重点 (7)名词解释 (8)简答题 (9)分析题 (9)Chapter 4 (9)课文重点 (9)名词解释 (12)简答题 (12)分析题 (13)Chapter 5 (13)课文重点 (13)名称解释 (15)简答题 (15)分析题 (16)Chapter 6 (16)课文重点 (16)名词解释 (19)简答题 (20)分析题 (21)Chapter 7 (22)课文重点 (22)名词解释 (23)简答题 (23)分析题 (23)Chapter 8 (24)课文重点 (24)名词解释 (24)简答题 (25)分析题 (25)Chapter 9 (26)课文重点 (26)名词解释 (28)简答题 (28)分析题................................................................................... 29Chapter 10 .. (29)课文重点 (29)名词解释 (30)简答题 (30)部分试卷中的大题 (31)2016-10 (31)2009-04 (32)Chapter 1课文重点1 - The definition of a word comprises the following points: (1) a minimal free form of a language; (2) a sound unity; (3) a unit of meaning; (4) a form that can function alone in a sentence.A word is a minimal free form of a language that has a given sound and meaning and syntactic function.1 词定义包括以下几点：（1 ）一门语言中最小的自由形式;（2 ）一个声音的统一体（3 ）一个意义单位;（4 ）在一个句子中独立起作用的一个形式。
自考00832《英语词汇学》模拟试题及答案①
自考易考题库软件课件集免费下载地址：/自考备考三件宝：自考笔记、真题及答案、题库软件、录音！！考试课件网：examebook.cm 出品！自考00832《英语词汇学》模拟试题（一）一、Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers.Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket.(30%) 1. The criteria of words include________. A ：The criteria of words include. B ：all national character C ：a cluster of letters D ：sound unity2. If we classify English words by use frequency,the two types of words are________. A ：the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary B ：content words and functional words C ：native words and borrowed words D ：functional words and notional words3. Modern English vocabulary develops through three channels:_______. A ：creation,conversion and borrowing B ：creation,borrowing and backformation C ：creation,semantic change and borrowingD ：semantic change,borrowing and backformation 4. Basic words are characterized with________. A ：polysemy B ：collocability C ：productivity D ：all the above5. More often than not,functional words mainly have________. A ：lexical meaning B ：associative meaning C ：collocative meaning D ：grammatical meaning6. The suffixes in words "clockwise","homeward" are_________. A ：noun suffixes B ：verb suffixes C ：adverb suffixes D ：adjective suffixes7. In English there are________types of motivation as far as the relationship between the sign and meaning is concerned. A ：2 B ：6 C ：4 D ：58. Which of the following about extralinguistic context is true?自考易考题库软件课件集免费下载地址：/自考备考三件宝：自考笔记、真题及答案、题库软件、录音！！考试课件网：examebook.cm 出品！A ：It can be subdivided into extralinguistic context and nonlinguistic context.B ：It only refers to the physical situation or environment relating to the use of words.C ：It embraces the people,time,size and place.D ：It may extend to embrace the entire cultural background. 9. 9.The idiom "wide of the mark"is________. A ：adjectival in nature B ：verbal in nature C ：nominal in nature D ：adverbial in nature10. Idioms like "black sheep","new broom","a wet blanket"and"sit on the fence"are examples of________. A ：transfer B ：metonymy C ：metaphor D ：simile11. The idiom "might and main" uses________as far as rhetorical features of idioms are concerned. A ：alliteration B ：metaphor C ：metonymy D ：rhyme12. Which of the following prefixes can NOT be used to indicate time and order?A ：AB ：BC ：CD ：D13. Which of the following is NOT from backformation? A ：To mass produce. B ：To lip read. C ：To nickname. D ：To chain smoke.14. Which kind of meaning is the meaning that is given in the dictionary and that forms the core of word meaning ？A ：Conceptual meaning.B ：Grammatical meaning.C ：Lexical meaning.自考易考题库软件课件集免费下载地址：/自考备考三件宝：自考笔记、真题及答案、题库软件、录音！！考试课件网：examebook.cm 出品！D ：Associative meaning.15. By "structural stability" of idioms,which of the following is right? A ：Many idioms are grammatically analyzable.B ：The constituents of idioms can not be replaced at random.C ：The constituents of idioms can be deleted.D ：More constituents can be added to idioms without changing their meanings. 16. Bilingual dictionaries involve________language(s). A ：one B ：two C ：three D ：four17. "Trumpet" is a(n)________motivated word. A ：morphologically B ：semanticallyC ：onomatopoeicallyD ：etymologically18. The meaning of the word "fond" changed from "foolish" to "affectionate" by mode of________. A ：extension B ：narrowing C ：elevation D ：degradation19. ________are those which cannot occur as separate words without being added to other morphemes. A ：Free rootsB ：Free morphemesC ：Bound morphemesD ：Meaningful units20. Words which have opposite meanings are called________. A ：synonyms B ：antonyms C ：homonyms D ：hyponyms21. The pair of words "respectable" and "respectful" has thesense of transfer respectively. A ：subjective,objective B ：objective,subjective C ：objective,objective D ：none of the above22. "Hopeless" is a________motivated word. A ：morphologically B ：onomatopoeically C ：semantically自考易考题库软件课件集免费下载地址：/自考备考三件宝：自考笔记、真题及答案、题库软件、录音！！考试课件网：examebook.cm 出品！D ：etymologically23. Extension is a process by which a word that originally had a specialized meaning has now become________. A ：generalized B ：expanded C ：elevated D ：degraded24. Of the following wordformation processes,________is the most productive. A ：clipping B ：blending C ：initialism D ：derivation25. The following are userfriendly features of Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English EXCEPT________. A ：extra columnB ：clear grammar codesC ：usage notesD ：language notes26. For beginners and lowerintermediate learners,a dictionary is essential as they do not know enough________of the target language. A ：monolingual B ：bilingual C ：unabridged D ：specialized27. Readers cant find pronunciation or meaning in________. A ：Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English B ：The Encyclopedia AmericanaC ：Chambers Encyclopedic English DictionaryD ：Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary 28. The main body of a dictionary is________of words. A ：spellingsB ：pronunciationsC ：definitionsD ：grammar29. In the idiom "in good feather",we change "good" into "high"or "full" without changing meaning.This change ofconstituent is known as________. A ：addition B ：replacement C ：positionshifting D ：variation30. Degradation can be illustrated by the following example_________. A ：lewd → ignorant自考易考题库软件课件集免费下载地址：/自考备考三件宝：自考笔记、真题及答案、题库软件、录音！！考试课件网：examebook.cm 出品！B ：silly → foolishC ：last → pleasureD ：knave → boy二、Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.(15%)1. 31.From the diachronic point of view,when the word was created,it was endowed with only one meaning .The firstmeaning is called .2. British dictionaries generally use to mark the pronunciation.3. 33.The antonyms "big" and "small" are .4. Websters New World Dictionary is a(n) dictionary.5. Prefixes are those affixes that are added to the head of words and they primarily change the meaning of the.6. 36. is a process by which a word denoting one thing changes to refer to a different but related thing.7. Linguistic context can be subdivided into lexical context and . 8. The order of meanings in CCELD indicates the of words.9. A common way of making a word is to shorten a longer word by cutting a part off the original and using whatremains instead.This is called .10. "From cradle to grave" is an example of . 三、Define the following terms.(15%) 1. creation2. backformation3. radiation4. grammatical context5. desk dictionaries四、Answer the following questions.Your answers should be clear and short.Write your answers in the space given below.(20%)1. How do you account for the role of native words in English in relation to loanwords?2. How do you understand semantic motivation?3. What are the linguistic factors of meaning changes?4. How do you understand"the structure of an idiom is to a large extent unchangeable"?五、Analyze and comment on the following.Write your answers in the space given below.(20%) 1. Analyze and comment on the meanings of the following sentences and then find out the right antonyms for each "dull" respectively.［A ］The story in this book is dull.［B ］He became dull and silent when the class began. ［C ］I'm tired of such dull weather! (10 分) 2. The "pen" is mightier than the "sword".Explain what "pen" and "sword"mean respectively using the theory of motivation.自考易考题库软件课件集免费下载地址：/自考备考三件宝：自考笔记、真题及答案、题库软件、录音！！考试课件网：examebook.cm 出品！一、Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers.Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%) 1: 参考答案： C（P7）总体来讲，单词的标准包含以下几点：词是语言中最小的自由形式；是一个声音统一 体；是意义单位；是一个能在句子中起到独立作用的形式。
00832英语词汇学2015年04月真题及答案
全国2015年4月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题课程代码：00832本试卷满分100分，考试时间150分钟.考生答题注意事项：1.本卷所有试题必须在答题卡上作答。
答在试卷上无效。
试卷空白处和背面均可作草稿纸。
2.第一部分为选择题。
必须对应试卷上的题号使用28铅笔将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。
3.第二部分为非选择题。
必须注明大、小题号，使用0．5毫米黑色字迹签字笔作答。
4.合理安排答题空间。
超出答题区域无效。
第一部分选择题I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and blacken the corresponding letter A,B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(30%)1.Which of the following is NOT one of the characteristics of the basic word stock?A.All national character.B. Validity.C. Stability.D. Productivity.2.The following are the translation-loans EXCEPT____.A.Long time no see.B. Masterpiece.C. Mother tongue.D. Bazaar.3.The differences between sound and form are NOT due to____.A.the fact of more phonemes than letters in EnglishB.stabilization of spelling by printingC.innovations made by linguistsD.influence of the work of scribes4.The language used between 450 and____is called Old English.A.850B.1150C.1500D. 17005.Which of the following is NOT one of the main sources of English new words?A.The borrowing of Latin words into English.B.Social, economic and political changes.C.The influence of other cultures and language.D.The rapid development of modern science and technology.6.Which of the following words does NOT belong to the words of Scandinavian origin?A. Skirt.B. Skill.C. Roast.D. Birth7.The word “denaturalization” can be broken down into “de-”，“nature”，“-al”，“-ize”，“-ation”, each having meaning of its own. These minimal meaningful units are known as____.A. morphemesB. allomorphsC. rootD. stem8.Which of the following parts is the root of the word “internationalists”？A. interB.nationC.-istD.-tion9.Which of the following words is an example of free morphemes?A. Bored.B.Teeth.C. Worker.D.Wind.10.Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.Prefixation is the formation of new words by adding suffixes to stems.B.Prefixes do not generally change the word-class of the stem.C.Prefixes only modify the meaning of the stem.D.The chief function of prefixes is to change meanings of the stems.11.The word that contains a prefix of degree is____.A. abnormalB.misunderstandC.antiwarD.overweight12.“A hot dog” is by no means a dog that i s hot, but a typical American sausage in between two pieces of bread. This example illustrates the____features of compounds.A. phoneticB.semanticC.linguisticD.grammatical13.“Many” and “much” both have the same concept, but collocate with different wo rds，such as “much time, much money”，but “many books, many people”，not vice versa. This example illustrates____.A.concept is beyond languageB.concept is the result of human cognitionC.concept is universal to all men alike regardless of culture, race, language and so onD.even in the same language, the same concept can be expressed in different words14.When we use the “foot of the mountain”，we are comparing the lower part of the mountain to the foot of a human being. In this se nse, the word “foot” conveys____.A. onomatopoeic motivationB. morphological motivationC. semantic motivationD. etymological motivation15.The group of words which has the sa me grammatical meaning is “____”.A. forget, forgets, forgotB. tables, men, peopleC. sit, sitting, satD. fast, quick, quickly16.Words are arbitrary symbols and are____identities so far as their outer facet — spelling and pronunciation, is concerned.A. independentB. reliableC. stableD. unsteady17.From the diachronic point of view, ____ is assumed to be the result of growth and development of the semantic structure of one and same word.A. homonymyB. polysemyC. synonymyD. hy pony my18.“Dear” and “deer” are words identical in sound but different in spelling and meaning. They are____.A. perfect homonymsB. homographsC. homophonesD. hyponyms19.Which of the following is NOT one of the types of changes in word-meaning?A. Extension.B. Degradation.C. Elevation.D. Reduction.20.When a common word is turned into a proper noun, the meaning is____accordingly such as “the City”，, which means the “business centre of London”.A. generalizedB.narrowedC. extendedD.elevated21.The extra-linguistic factors that cause changes in word-meaning include the following EXCEPT____.A. historical reasonB. psychological reasonC. geographic reasonD. class reason22.Lexical context refers to the cases in which the meaning of a word is affected and defined by the____.A. neighbouring wordsB. sentence structureC. cultural backgroundD. non-linguistic situation23.When a word with multiple meanings is used in inadequate context, it creates____.A. irrelevanceB.ambiguityC. disconnectionD.opposition24.In the sentence 6in spite of fact that the fishermen were wearing sou' westers, the storm was so heavy that they were wet through", the context clue used is____.A. word structureB.exampleC. definitionD.relevant detail25.Which of the following is one of the characteristics of idioms?A. Structural variation.B. Lexical manipulation.C. Phonetic unity.D. Semantic unity.26.The id iom “tooth and nail” is a(n)____.A. idiom verbal in natureB. idiom nominal in natureC. sentence idiomD. idiom adverbial in nature27.The idiom “earn one’s bread” is a____as far as figures of speech are concerned.A. synecdocheB.metaphorC. metonymyD.personification28.Webster fs New Dictionary of Synonyms (1978) is a(n)____dictionary.A. unabridgedB.deskC. specializedD.encyclopedic29.British dictionaries generally use____to mark the pronunciation.A. British Phonetic AlphabetB. American Phonetic AlphabetC. International Phonetic AlphabetD. Webster’s Phonetic Alphabet30.Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (LDCE) New Edition (1987) was noted for the following aspects EXCEPT____.A.its use of extra columnB.its simple and clear definitionsC.its wide coverage of new words, new meanings and new usagesD.its meticulous and complete grammatical information非选择题部分注意事项：用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。
2014年4月全国自考《英语词汇学》真题及详解【圣才出品】
2014年4月全国自考《英语词汇学》真题及详解课程代码：00832选择题部分I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and blacken the corresponding letter A, B,C orD on the ANSWER SHEET. (30%)1. “Woman” becomes “Frau” in German, “femme” in French and “fùnǔ” in Chinese. This example shows that in different languages the same concept can be represented by different ______.A. soundsB. formsC. unitiesD. meanings【答案】A【解析】woman一词在不同语言中的读音不同，说明同一概念在不同语言中可以有不同的发音。
故选A项。
2. The following words of the basic word stock denote the most common things and phenomena of the world around us EXCEPT ______.A. fireB. hotC. photoscanningD. sister【答案】C【解析】photoscanning属于医学领域的专用术语。
故选C项。
其余三项都是指示我们身边最为常见的事物和现象的词。
3. Aliens are borrowed words which have retained their original pronunciation and spelling. Which of the following words comes from Chinese?A. Bazaar.B. Kowtow.C. Rajah.D. Blitzkrieg.【答案】B【解析】非同化词（alien）是从其他语言借入的词，一般保留其原来的发音和拼写方式。
2014年10月全国自考《英语词汇学》真题及详解【圣才出品】
2014年10月全国自考《英语词汇学》真题及详解课程代码：00832选择题部分I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and blacken the corresponding letter A, B,C orD on the ANSWER SHEET. (30%)1. Of all the characteristics listed for the basic word stock the most important is _____.A. all national characterB. collocabilityC. stabilityD. productivity【答案】A【解析】all national character是基本词汇特征最重要的特征，能够将普遍使用的词与其他所有词区分开。
故选A项。
2. Which of the following words is NOT one of the aliens?A. Kowtow.B. Bazaar.C. Mother tongue.D. Status quo.【答案】C【解析】非同化词（alien）是从其他语言借入的词，一般保留其原来的发音和拼写方式。
Kowtow来源于中文。
Bazaar来源于波斯语。
Status quo来源于拉丁语。
故选C项。
3. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.A word is the smallest form of a language.B.A word is a sound unity.C.A word has a given meaning.D.A word can be used freely in a sentence.【答案】A【解析】词语是语言最小的自由形式，而非最小的形式。
全国英语词汇学(00832)高等教育自学考试试题与答案
全国高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题课程代码：00832Ⅰ．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（30%）1．According to semanticists, a word is a unit of ______.（）A．meaning B．SoundC．combination of sounds D．Group2．The pronunciation has changed ______ spelling over the years.（）A．more slowly than B．As quickly asC．more rapidly than D．Not so quickly as3．Words may fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by ______.（）A．use frequency B．notionC．origin D．sound4．Rapid growth of science and technology breeds such new words as the following EXCEPT______.（）A．green revolution B．fast foodC．moon walk D．space shuttle5．Semantic change means an old form which takes on a new ______ to meet the new need.（）A．form B．meaningC．look D．pronunciation6．Reviving archaic words also contribute to the growth of English vocabulary. For instance, in American English “fall” means ______ in British English.（）A．four B．fellC．for D．autumn7．The plural morpheme “-s” is realized by /s/after the following sounds EXCEPT ______.（）A．/t/ B．/g/C．/p/ D．/k/英语词汇学试卷第 1 页共9 页8．There are ______ free morphemic words in the following: bird, man, red, collection.（）A．one B．twoC．three D．four9．The following words have derivational affixes EXCEPT ______.（）A．works B．prewarC．postwar D．bloody10．30% to 40% of the total number of new words in English are produced through ______.（）A．compounding B．affixationC．conversion D．shortening11．The word “motel” is created by ______.（）A．compounding B．clippingC．blending D．suffixation12．“BBC” is formed in the way of ______.（）A．acronymy B．clippingC．back-formation D．prefixation13．The types of meanings include the following EXCEPT ______.（）A．grammatical meaning B．conceptual meaningC．associative meaning D．literal meaning14．By ______ motivation, we mean that the meaning of a word is related to its origin.（）A．onomatopoeic B．morphologicalC．semantic D．etymological15．______ is the result of human cognition, reflecting the objective world in the human mind.（）A．Reference B．ConceptC．Sense D．Motivation16．Semantic field, according to the course book, is also considered an integral part of ______.（）A．word formation B．word meaningC．meaning change D．Sense relations英语词汇学试卷第 2 页共9 页17．When a word is first coined, it is always ______.（）A．semantic B．onomatopoeicC．monosemic D．polysemic18．The following are all synonymous pairs, but in each the second is standard in usage whereas the first is archaic, EXCEPT ______.（）A．ire/anger B．rich/wealthyC．forlorn/distressed D．bliss/happiness19．Shakespeare is difficult to understand than contemporary writings because many of his words were used in different ______ from what they have now in dictionaries.（）A．senses B．FormsC．dialects D．Terms20．The mode of ______ is well reflected in the word “picture”, which originally denoted mere “painting”, but now has come to include “drawings” and even “photographs”（）A．extension B．elevationC．narrowing D．degradation21．In the sentence “The old man, though poor, is a respectable gentleman.”, the word “respectable” is used in the ______ sense of transfer.（）A．subjective B．objectiveC．sensational D．physical22．Which of the following is NOT one of the roles of context?（）A．Elimination of ambiguity.B．Indication of referents.C．Provision of clues for inferring word-meaning.D．Provision of culture background for inferring word-meaning.23．The sentence “I lost Betty’s picture.” is ambiguous due to ______.（）A．grammatical context B．polysemyC．antonymy D．hyponymy24．In the sentence “An east or north-east wind brings cold dry weather to England, but a sou’Wester usually brings rain.”, the meaning of “sou’wester” can be inferred from the clue of ______.（）英语词汇学试卷第 3 页共9 页A．relevant details B．synonymyC．antonymy D．hyponymy25．The idiom “toss and turn” is a(n) ______ as far as rhetorical features of idioms are concerned.（）A．alliteration B．metaphorC．metonymy D．rhyme26．Which of the following is NOT one of the types of idioms?（）A．Sentence idioms. B．Idioms adverbial in nature.C．Clausal idioms. D．Idioms nominal in nature.27．The following are all variations of idioms, EXCEPT ______.（）A．replacement B．additionC．shortening D．repetition28．Generally speaking, a dictionary will cover the following content EXCEPT ______.（）A．spelling B．syntactical usageC．pronunciation D．definition29．As a general Chinese-English dictionary, ______ is the most complete and up-to-date, most elaborately treated one（）A．A Chinese-English Dictionary (1995)B．Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English with Chinese TranslationC．A New English-Chinese DictionaryD．Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English with Chinese Translation30．Collins COBUILD English Usage (1992), is a(n) ______ dictionary.（）A．unabridged B．deskC．specialized D．encyclopedicⅡ．Match the words in Column A with the words in Column B according to 1) types of transfer; 2) rhetorical features of idioms; 3) types of vocabulary by notion; and 4) the function of affixes. (10%)A B（ c ）31．She burst into passionate sobbing. A．juxtaposition（I ）32．He drops off to sleep, the lamb. B．notional word英语词汇学试卷第 4 页共9 页（g ）33．and C．transfer of sensations（h ）34．the man’s coat D．abstract to concrete（ a ）35．here and there E．derivational affix（ b ）36．moon F．alliteration（ f ）37．rough and ready G．functional word（ e ）38．ex-prisoner H．inflectional affix（j ）39．fair and square I．associated transfer（ d ）40．Helen looks a fright in that old black dress. J．rhymeⅢ．Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.（10%）41．When we talk about a word in visual terms, a word can be defined as a ________ group of letters printed or written horizontally across a piece of paper.42．Modern English vocabulary develops through three channels: ________, semantic change and borrowing.43．We might say that free morphemes are free root.44．The formation of words by adding word-forming affixes to stems is called ________. 45．Semantic ________ refers to the mental associations suggested by the conceptual meaning ofa word．46．Perfect homonyms and polysemants are fully ________ with regard to spelling and pronunciation.47．V ocabulary is the most ________ element of a language as it is undergoing constant changes both in form and content.48．Ambiguity often arises due to ________ and homonymy.49．Idioms consist of set ________ and short sentences.50．Monolingual dictionaries are written in ________ language.Ⅳ．Define the following terms.（10%）51．morpheme52．homonym53．connotation54．elevation55．idiom英语词汇学试卷第 5 页共9 页Ⅴ．Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.（20%）56．As far as growth of present-day English vocabulary is concerned, what are the three main sources of new words?57．What are the semantic features of compounds? Give an example to illustrate your point. 58．Decide whether the following statement is true or false, based on your understanding of the characteristics of antonyms. State your reason with one example.Contrary terms are non-gradable and allow intermediate members in between.59．How do you account for the context function as indication of referents?Ⅵ．Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.（20%）60．Analyze the following dialogue and comment on the rhetoric use of homonym in italicized font.—“You’re not eating your fish,” a waitress said to a customer. “Anything wrong with it?”—“Long time no sea.” the customer replied.61．Analyze the three causes of meaning change within the scope of the linguistic factors, based on the given words below.（1）gold, bulb;（2）deer, beast, animals;（3）fortuitous, fruition.英语词汇学试卷第 6 页共9 页英语词汇学试卷第7 页共9 页英语词汇学试卷第8 页共9 页英语词汇学试卷第9 页共9 页。
04月全国自考00832《英语词汇学》历年真题试题及答案
全国2015年4月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题课程代码：00832本试卷满分100分，考试时间150分钟.考生答题注意事项：1.本卷所有试题必须在答题卡上作答。
答在试卷上无效。
试卷空白处和背面均可作草稿纸。
2.第一部分为选择题。
必须对应试卷上的题号使用28铅笔将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。
3.第二部分为非选择题。
必须注明大、小题号，使用0．5毫米黑色字迹签字笔作答。
4.合理安排答题空间。
超出答题区域无效。
第一部分选择题I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and blacken the corresponding letter A,B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(30%)1.Which of the following is NOT one of the characteristics of the basic word stock?A.All national character.B. Validity.C. Stability.D. Productivity.2.The following are the translation-loans EXCEPT____.A.Long time no see.B. Masterpiece.C. Mother tongue.D. Bazaar.3.The differences between sound and form are NOT due to____.A.the fact of more phonemes than letters in Englishization of spelling by printingC.innovations made by linguistsnfluence of the work of scribes4.The language used between 450 and____is called Old English.A.850B.1150C.1500D. 17005.Which of the following is NOT one of the main sources of English new words?A.The borrowing of Latin words into English.B.Social, economic and political changes.C.The influence of other cultures and language.D.The rapid development of modern science and technology.6.Which of the following words does NOT belong to the words of Scandinavian origin?A. Skirt.B. Skill.C. Roast.D. Birth7.The word “denaturalization” can be broken down into “de-”，“nature”，“-al”，“-ize”，“-ation”, each having meaning of itsown. These minimal meaningful units are known as____.A. morphemesB. allomorphsC. rootD. stem8.Which of the following parts is the root of the word “internationalists”？A. interB.nationC.-istD.-tion9.Which of the following words is an example of free morphemes?A. Bored.B.Teeth.C. Worker.D.Wind.10.Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.Prefixation is the formation of new words by adding suffixes to stems.B.Prefixes do not generally change the word-class of the stem.C.Prefixes only modify the meaning of the stem.D.The chief function of prefixes is to change meanings of the stems.11.The word that contains a prefix of degree is____.A. abnormalB.misunderstand12.“A hot dog” is by no means a dog that is hot, but a typical American sausage in between two pieces of bread. This example illustrates the____features of compounds.A. phoneticB.semantic13.“Many” and “much” both have the same concept, but collocate with different words，such as “much time, much money”，but “many books, many people”，not vice versa. This example illustrates____.A.concept is beyond languageB.concept is the result of human cognitionC.concept is universal to all men alike regardless of culture, race, language and so onD.even in the same language, the same concept can be expressed in different words14.When we use the “foot of the mountain”，we are comparing the lower part of the mountain to the foot of a human being. In this se nse, the word “foot” conveys____.A. onomatopoeic motivationB. morphological motivationC. semantic motivationD. etymological motivation15.The group of words which has the sa me grammatical meaning is “____”.A. forget, forgets, forgotB. tables, men, peopleC. sit, sitting, satD. fast, quick, quickly16.Words are arbitrary symbols and are____identities so far as their outer facet — spelling and pronunciation, is concerned.A. independentB. reliableC. stableD. unsteady17.From the diachronic point of view, ____ is assumed to be the result of growth and development of the semantic structure of one and same word.A. homonymyB. polysemyC. synonymyD. hy pony my18.“Dear” and “deer” are words identical in sound but different in spelling and meaning. They are____.A. perfect homonymsB. homographsC. homophonesD. hyponyms19.Which of the following is NOT one of the types of changes in word-meaning?A. Extension.B. Degradation.C. Elevation.D. Reduction.20.When a common word is turned into a proper noun, the meaning is____accordingly such as “the City”，, which means the “business centre of London”.A. generalizedB.narrowed21.The extra-linguistic factors that cause changes in word-meaning include the following EXCEPT____.A. historical reasonB. psychological reasonC. geographic reasonD. class reason22.Lexical context refers to the cases in which the meaning of a word is affected and defined by the____.A. neighbouring wordsB. sentence structureC. cultural backgroundD. non-linguistic situation23.When a word with multiple meanings is used in inadequate context, it creates____.A. irrelevanceB.ambiguity24.In the sentence 6in spite of fact that the fishermen were wearing sou' westers, the storm was so heavy that they were wet through", the context clue used is____.A. word structureB.exampleC. definitionD.relevant detail25.Which of the following is one of the characteristics of idioms?A. Structural variation.B. Lexical manipulation.C. Phonetic unity.D. Semantic unity.26.The id iom “tooth and nail” is a(n)____.A. idiom verbal in natureB. idiom nominal in natureC. sentence idiomD. idiom adverbial in nature27.The idiom “earn one’s bread” is a____as far as figures of speech are concerned.A. synecdocheB.metaphor28.Webster fs New Dictionary of Synonyms (1978) is a(n)____dictionary.A. unabridgedB.desk29.British dictionaries generally use____to mark the pronunciation.A. British Phonetic AlphabetB. American Phonetic AlphabetC. International Phonetic AlphabetD. Webster’s Phonetic Alphabet30.Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (LDCE) New Edition (1987) was noted for the following aspects EXCEPT____.A.its use of extra columnts simple and clear definitionsC.its wide coverage of new words, new meanings and new usagesD.its meticulous and complete grammatical information非选择题部分注意事项：用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。
全国4月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题及答案解析历年试卷及答案解析
全国2018年4月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题课程代码：00832第一部分选择题Ⅰ.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.(30%)1.According to the degree of similarity, homonyms can be classified into( )A. perfect homonymsB. homonymsC. homophonesD. all the above2.Transfer as a mode of semantic change can be illustrated by the example( )A. ad for “advertisement”B. dish for “food"C. fond for “affectionate”D. an editorial for “an editorial article"3.It is a general belief that the meaning does not exist in the word itself, but it rather spreads over( )A. the reader’s interpretationB. the neighbouring wordsC. the writer's intentionD. the etymology of the word4.Which of the following is a prefix of time and order?A. extra-B. pro-C. re-D. semi-5.Which of the following dictionaries is not a specialized dictionary?A. The Oxford Dictionary of English EtymologyB. Chamber's Encyclopedic English DictionaryC. Longmont Dictionary of Phrasal VerbsD. Webster's New Dictionary of Synonyms6.Which of the following statements is Not true?A. Reference is the relationship between language and the world.B. The relationship between a word and its referent is arbitrary.C. Concept is universal to all men alike.D. Sense denotes the relationships outside the language.7.The words which occur before or after a word and may affect its meaning form( )A. physical contextB. grammatical contextC. lexical contextD. linguistic context8."Smith is an architect. He designed World Trade Center. "The clue provided in the context is( )A. definitionB. explanationC. exampleD. hyponym9.The term "vocabulary" is used in different ways because of all the following reasons EXCEPT that( )A. it can refer to the common core of a languageB. it can refer to the total number of the words in a languageC. it can represent all the words used in a certain historical periodD. it can stand for words in given dialect or field10.The idiom "a dark horse" is a( )A. simileB. metaphorC. metonymyD. personification11.An idiom differs from a free phrase in that the former is ( ) and the latter is not.A. structurally changeableB. semantically analyzableC. structurally fixedD. easily understood12.We can work out the meaning of heliocentric and geocentric according to( )A. morphological structureB. relevant detailsC. grammatical structureD. physical context13.What causes the ambiguity of the sente nce ”I like Mary better than Janet"? ( )A. V ocabularyB. SituationC. StructureD. None of the above14.Early Modern English refers to the language spoken( )A. from 1066 to 1500B. from 1150 to 1500C. from 1500 to 1700D. from 1600 to 180015.Affixes added to the end of words to indicate grammatical relationships are known as ( )A. bound rootsB. free morphemesC. inflectional morphemesD. derivational affixes第二部分非选择题Ⅱ.Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.(10%)16._________________meaning refers to the part of speech, tenses of verbs, etc.17.The word __________has the old meaning "servant" and the elevated meaning "head of a ministry".18.The relationship between sound and meaning is arbitrary or ______________.19.When a word with more than one meaning is used in unclear context, it creates _______________.20.Almost all affixes are __________morphemes because few can be used as independent words. Ⅲ.Match the words in Column A with those in Column B according to 1)rhetorical features of the idioms; 2)sense relations; 3)assimilation degree; 4)characteristics of the basic word stock and 5)motivation.(10%)A B21.reiteration ( ) A. high and low22.repetition ( ) B. pick and choose23.juxtaposition ( ) C. face to face24.perfect homonym ( ) D. Failure is the mother of success.25.personification ( ) E. hiss26.portus ( ) F. bear; beare ( ) G. twitter28.heart ( ) H. cat29.birds ( ) I. port30.snakes ( ) J. heart and soulⅣ.Study the following words and expressions and identify 1)types of context clues; 2)types of word formation; 3)types of word-meaning changes and 4)rhetorical features of idioms.(10%)31.making a restatement of a new word or concept in familiar words ( )32.sitcom ( )33.the usual amenities such as a pub, a post office and a school ( )34.form cradle to grave ( )35.might and main ( )36.fax ( )37.disobey,impolite, ( )38.hussy:"housewife"→"a woman of low morals"( )39.disease:"discomfort"→"illness"( )40.fond:"foolish"→"affectionate"( )Ⅴ.Define the following terms.(10%)41.dictionary42.pejoration43.idioms nominal in nature44.Germanic45.allomorphⅥ.Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.(12%)46.What are the stylistic features of idioms?47. How would you explain the difference between back formation and suffixation? Give examples to illustrate your point.48. How do you distinguish inflectional affixes and derivational affixes?Ⅶ.Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.(18%)ment on the following pairs of sentences in terms of superordinate and subordinates.a. The man said he would come to our school next week.b. The visiting scholar said he would visit our university next Monday.50.Analyes the morphological structures of the following words and point out the types of the morphemes.unbearable, international, ex-prisoner全国2018年4月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题参考答案课程代码：00832Ⅰ.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.(30%)1.D2.B3.B4.C5.B6.D7.C8.C9.A 10.B11.C 12.A 13.C 14.C 15.CⅡ.Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.(10%)16. Grammatical 17. minister 18. conventional 19. ambiguity 20. boundⅢ.Match the words in Column A with those in Column B. (10%)21.B 22.C 23.A 24.F 25.D26.I 27.H 28.J 29.G 30.EⅣ.Study the following words and expressions and identify 1)types of context clues; 2)types of word formation; 3)types of word-meaning changes and 4)rhetorical features of idioms.(10%)31.explanation32.head+head blending33.hyponymy/hyponym34.figure of speech; metonymy35.phonetic manipulation/alliteration36.back clipping37.affixation, prefixation or negative prefixes38.degradation39.narrowing40.elevationⅤ.Define the following terms.(10%)41. Dictionary is a book which presents in alphabetical order the words of a language, with information as to their spelling, pronunciation, meaning usage, etc.42. Degradation or pejoration of meaning is the opposite of semantic elevation. It is a process whereby words of good origin fall into ill reputation or non-affective words come to be used in derogatory sense.43.(1)Each idiom has a noun as the key word.(2)Each functions as a noun/also knows asnoun idioms.44.a term used to refer to a branch of the Indo-European language family, which consists of English, German, Dutch, etc.45.one of the variants that realize a morphemeⅥ.Answer the following questions.(12%)46.(1)Many idioms were created in different professions, so they were trade-or profession-related, colloquial and informal.(2)Now most become a part of the common core, neither formal nor informal.(3)There are still many colloquialisms, slang expressions, literary expressions comparatively small in number.47.A)Suffixation is the formation of new words by adding suffixes to bases.B)Back-formation is considered to be the opposite process of suffixation; it's the method of creating words by removing the supposed suffixes.48.Inflectional affixes are affixes (1) attached to the end of words; (2) to indicate grammatical relationships, while derivational affixes are affixes; (3) added to other morphemes; (4) to createnew words.Ⅶ.Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short Write your answers in the space given below.(18%)49.要点：Superordinate Subordinate1) man scholar2) come visit3) school university4) week Monday50.1)Each of the three words consists of three morphemes unbearable(un+bear+able), international (inter+nation+al), ex-prisoner(er+prison+er).2)Of the nine morphemes, only bear, nation and prison are free morphemes as they can exist by themselves.3)All the rest un-,-able,inter-,-al, ex-and-er are bound as none of them can stand alone as words.。
全国自考《英语词汇学》真题试题及答案测评
全国202X年10月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学真题课程代码：00832本卷子总分值100分，考试时间150分钟.考生答题考前须知：1.本卷全部真题必须在答题卡上作答。
答在卷子上无效。
卷子空白处和反面均可作草稿纸。
2.第—局部为选择题。
必须对应卷子上的题号使用28铅笔将“答题卡〞的相应代码涂黑。
3.第二局部为非选择题。
必须注明大、小题号，使用0．5毫米黑色字迹签字笔作答。
4.合理安排答题空间。
超出答题地域无效。
第—局部选择题I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and blacken the corresponding letter A,B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(30%)1. Which of the following does NOT belong to the characteristics of the basic word stockA.All national character.B. Productivity.C. Stability.D. Terminology.2.Which of the following statements is NOT trueA.Words may fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by use frequency.B.Words may fall into content words and functional words by notion.C.Words may fall into loan-words and notional words by the degree of assimilation.D.Words may fall into native words and borrowed words by origin.3.Which of the following is NOT true about the description of the relationship between sound and meaningA.There is intrinsic relationship between sound and meaning.B.The symbolic connection of a sound and its meaning is almost always arbitrary.C.The relationship between sound and meaning is conventional.D.In different languages the same concept can be represented by different sounds.4.In the Western set,____is the modern language derived from Hellenic.tinB. GreekC. RussianD. Spanish5.Which of the following statements is NOT true about the English vocabularyA.English is more closely related to German than French.B.Scandinavian languages refer to Icelandic, Norwegian, Danish and Swedish.C.Modern English is considered to be an analytic language.D.In Early Middle English period, English, Latin and Celtic existed side by side.6.From the historical overview of the English vocabulary, the period of Old English is____.A. from 55B.C. to 410 B. from 450 to 1150C. from 1150 to 1500D. from 1500, then up to now7.Which of the following words does NOT have inflectional affixesA. Happier.B. Worker.C. Harder.D. Taller.8.The word “idea listic〞comprises____morpheme(s).A.1B.2C.3D.49.Which of the following words is NOT a stemA. Nation.B. National.C. International.D. Internationalists.10.The word “sandwich〞now denotes a popular fast food. It originates from John Montague, Fourth Earl of Sandwich in 18th century. This example shows one of the sources of English vocabulary is____.A. compoundB. proper nounsC. back-formationD. conversion11.Which of the following words is the example of blendingA. Motel.B. Sandwich.C. Flu.D.AIDS.12.Which of the following words is NOT a noun compoundA. Moon walk.B. Ten-storey.C. Outbreak.D. Up-bringing.13.The meanings of many words often relate directly to their origins. In other words the history of the word explains the meaning of the word. This is called____.A. onomatopoeic motivationB. morphological motivationC. semantic motivationD. etymological motivation14.a) They chucked a stone at the cops, and then did a bunk with the loot,b) After casting a stone at the police, they absconded with the money.The above two sentences have the same conceptual meaning, but differ in____meaning.A. connotativeB. affectiveC. stylisticD. collocative15.____meaning indicates the speaker's attitude towards the person or thing in questions.A. ConceptualB. StylisticC. AffectiveD. Denotative16.Words identical both in sound and spelling, but different in meaning are____.A.homographsB. homophonesC. perfect homonymsD. hyponyms17.Words “change〞，“alter〞and “vary〞are similar in denotation，but embrace different shades of meaning. They are____.A. absolute synonymsB. complete synonymsC. full synonymsD. relative synonyms18.Words like “red, orange, yellow, green，black，etc.〞make up the____of “colours〞.A. synonymsB.hyponymsC. sense relationsD.semantic field19.V ocabulary is the most unstable element of a language as it is undergoing constant changes both in form and____.A. pronunciationB.contentC. spellinge20.The meaning of the word “criticize〞has changed from “apprais e〞to “find fault with〞. Such a change is called____.A. elevationB.generalizationC. extensionD.degradation21.The word “meat〞originally meant ‘‘food’，，but now has come to mean “flesh of animals〞. This is an example to illustrate____of meaning.A. generalizationB. narrowingC. degradationD. elevation22.In grammatical context, the meaning of a word may be influenced by the____ in which it occurs.A. structureB. sentenceC. phraseD. clause23.The word “do〞means “brush〞in “do one’s teeth〞，while it means “arrange〞in “do the flowers〞.The above example shows that____affects the meaning of a word.A. lexical contextB. grammatical contextC. non-linguistic contextD. structural context24.Which of the following is NOT one of the major functions of contextA.Elimination of ambiguity.B.Indication of referents.C.Formation of ambiguity.D. Provision of clues for inferring word-meaning.25.Which of the following is NOT one of the variations of idiomsA. Repetition.B. Dismembering,C. Addition.D. Shortening.26 .“Thr ough thick and thin〞is a(n)____.A. verbal idiom in natureB. nominal idiom in natureC. sentence idiomD. adverbial idiom in nature27.There is a____in the idiom “by hook and by crook〞as far as rhetorical features of idioms are concerned.A. simileB. reiterationC. repetitionD. rhyme28.Webster's Third New International Dictionary is the best-known____dictionary.A. unabridgedB. deskC. pocketD. encyclopedic29.When we choose a dictionary, we should pay attention to the following aspects EXCEPT____.A. unabridged or abridgedB. British or AmericanC. early or lateD. monolingual or bilingual30.Which of the following is NOT true about a Chines e-English Dictionary (Revised Edition) (CED) (1995)A.The new edition cut off the previous alphabetical order of entries.B.The new edition revised some old entries.C.The new edition has more single character entries and more multi-character entries,D.The dictionary boasts of the quality of the English equivalents.非选择题局部考前须知：用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在真题卷上。
00832自考英语词汇学自考试卷（答案全面）
00832⾃考英语词汇学⾃考试卷（答案全⾯）⾃考综合测验英语词汇学试卷（课程代码 00832 ）⼀、选择题I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers.You are to make the best choice and write the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on the blank. （1%×30=30%） 1.Which of the following CANNOT be defined as a word? ____A. forB. fortuneC. ibleD. misfortune2.Words or forms that were once in common use but are now restricted only to specialized or limited use are____ . A. slangB. argotC. neologismsD. archaisms3. Words like foot or dog can each be used alone, and at the same time can form new words with other roots and affixes, e.g. footage and dogfight. This shows that the basic word stock has the characteristics of_____ . A. productivity B. polysemy C. collocability D. stability4. After the Romans, the Germanic tribes called Angles, Saxons, and Jutes came and dominated the British Isles. Now people generally refer to Anglo-Saxon as ____English.A. oldB. NewC. MiddleD. Modern 5.Which of the following is NOT true?A. English is more closely related to German than French.B. Old English was a highly inflected language.C. Modern English is considered to be an analytic language.D. In early Middle English period, English, Latin and Celtic existed side by side.6.In the early Modern English, Europe saw a new upsurge of learning ancient Greek and Roman classics. This is known in history as ____.A. IndustrializationB. Elizabethan AgeC. RenaissanceD. Victorian Age7.Some morphemes are realized by more than one morph according to their position in a word. Such alternative morphs are known as ____.A. stemsB. allomorphsC. free morphemesD. bound morphemes 8.Among the following words, ____ does NOT have inflectional affixes. A. liked B. children's C. Happier D. it's9.The basic form of a word which can't be further analyzed without total loss of identity is a ____ . A. Morph B. allomorph C. root D. stem 10.The following words have number prefixes EXCEPT ____.A. BilingualB. multi-purposeC. tricycleD. post-election 11.The following words are the results from blending EXCEPT ____ . A. Bicycle B. motel C. smog D. hamburger12.The process of forming new words by joining the initial letters of names of social and political organizations or special noun phrases and technical terms is called ____.A. PrefixationB. acronymyC. blendingD. conversion13.The ____of an expression is its place in a system of semantic relationship with other expressions in the language. A. Reference B. concept C. sense D. motivation 14.Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. Collocation can affect the meaning of words.B. Motivation explains why a particular form has a particular meaning.C. By etymological motivation, we mean that the meaning of a particular word is related to its origin.D. The connotative meaning is also known as connotations, which are generallyfound in the dictionary.15.In the phrase "the tongues of fire", the word tongues is ____motivated.A. OnomatopoeicallyB. morphologicallyC. semanticallyD. etymologically16.Words like dear that means a loved person and deer that means a kind of animal are called ____. A. Synonyms B. homographs C. homophones D. antonyms 17.Which of the following deals with the relationship of semantic opposition? A. Synonymy. B. Antonymy. C. Polysemy. D. Hyponymy.18.Which of the following groups of words shows difference of synonyms in connotation? A. increase-expand B. unlike-dissimilar C. work-toil D. empty-vacant19. The word disease once meant discomfort, but now means illness. This is an example of ____of word-meaning. A. generalization B. degradation C. elevation D. specialization20. The word silly used to mean happy, but now means foolish. This serves as an example of ____of word-meaning. A. Extension B. narrowing C. elevation D. degradation21. The associated transfer of meaning is often due to ____factors, as is shown in such words as angel, martyr and paradise, whose meanings are elevated because of the influence of Christianity. A. Class B. scientific C. historical D. psychological22.Grammatical context refers to the context where the meanings of a word may be influenced by the ____in which it occurs.A. meaning groupB. structureC. conversationD. culture23.That trade union means differently in western countries and in China shows that ____context has some effect on the meaning of words.A. GrammaticalB. lexicalC. linguisticD. extra-linguistic 24. Ambiguity of ten arises due to ___, as is shown in the sentence “He is a hard business”. A. PolysemyB. SynonymyC. antonymyD. homonomy25.The idiom Jack of all trades means the same as Jack of all trades and master of none. This example shows idioms may vary by means of ____.A. shorteningB. additionC. replacementD. position-shifting26.The noun phrase pepper and salt in "His hair is pepper and salt" functions as an idiom ____ in nature. A. Nominal B. verbal C. adverbial D. adjectival27. The rhetorical feature of idioms, ____, is used in such idioms as "chop and change", "bag and baggage". A. Rhyme B. alliteration C. reiteration D. juxtaposition28. Dictionaries that are medium-sized ones containing words ranging from 50,000 to 150,000 are ____. A. unabridged dictionaries B. desk dictionaries C. pocket dictionaries D. specialized dictionaries29.The definitions in ____are all in full sentences and the definition itself throws light on the grammatical use of the word in question.A. Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary (1987)B. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, New Edition (1987)C. Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary, 3rd Edition (1980)D. Webster's New World Dictionary, 2rd Collage Edition (1980)30.One can only find the English equivalents for its Chinese items such as 黄梁美梦，吃软不吃硬in ____. A. CCELD B.CEDC.LDCED.NECD 第⼆部分⾮选择题Ⅱ. Complete the following statements with proper words according to the course book. You are to fill each blank with ONE appropriate word on the blank. (1.5%×10=15%)31.A word is a ________ that stands for something else in the world, and there is no logical relationship between the sound and the meaning.32.The introduction of ________into England marked the beginning of Modern English period. 33.The morpheme is the________functioning unit in the composition of words.34.To shorten a longer word by cutting a part off the original and using what remains instead is called ________. 35.________, which is beyond language, is the result of human cognition, reflecting the objective world in the human mind.36.A ________field is a meaning area where words share the same concept.年级班级准考证号姓名37. Extension of meaning is found in many ________terms, as is shown in the word feedback, which originally is a term in computer science, but now is generalized to mean "response".38. The word paper has a number of meanings in the dictionary, but it means differently in "a white pap er" and "today’s paper". This example shows that ________ context affects the meaning of word.39. Many idioms are grammatically _________, as is shown in the idiom "diamond cut diamond", which is grammatically incorrect.40.The main body of a dictionary is its ________ of words.Ⅲ.Define the following terms in the blank space. (3%×5=15%)41.semantic change42.affixation43.concatenation44. context (in a broad sense)45. sentence idiomsⅣ.Answer the following questions in the blank space. Your answers should be clear and short. (5%×4=20%)46.What is the difference between a free root and a bound root?47.Give the acronyms of the following phrases:1) V oice of America ____2) unidentified flying object ____3) teaching English as a foreign language ____4) Victory Day ____5) tuberculosis ____48.How do you understand the statement "true synonymy is non-existent"?49.Explain how context clues are used in the sentence "Perhaps the most startling theory to come out of kinesics, the study of body movement, was suggested by Professor Bird Whistell".V.Analyze and comment on the following on the ANSWER SHEET. (10%×2=20%)50. Use the following groups of phrases to illustrate the definition and the overlapping feature of collocative meaning.a) pretty girl, pretty flower, handsome boy, handsome carb) pretty woman, handsome woman51. Comment on the following two groups to illustrate the use of antonyms.(a) give and take, high and low(b) More haste, less speed./Easy come, easy go.答案：。
4月全国高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题及答案解析
全国2018年4月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题课程代码：00832I．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%)1. Extension can be illustrated by the following example: _________.（）A. butcher →one who kills goatsB. journal →periodicalC. companion →one who shares breadD. allergic →too sensitive to medicine2. The differences between synonyms boil down to three areas, namely, _________.（）A. extension, increase and expansionB. denotation, connotation and applicationC. comprehension, understanding and knowingD. polysemy, homograph and homophone3. Affixes attached to other morphemes to create new words are known as _________.（）A. inflectional affixesB. derivational affixesC. bound rootsD. free morphemes4. Ambiguity often arises due to polysemy and _________.（）A. synonymyB. antonymyC. homonymyD. hyponymy5. The semantic unity of idioms is reflected in the _________ relationship between the literal meaning of each word and the meaning of the idiom as in “rain cats and dogs”.（）A. illogicalB. logicalC. mutualD. natural6. Idioms verbal in nature are _________.（）A. verb phrasesB. phrasal verbsC. verb idiomsD. all the above7. The idiom “new brooms sweep clean” was created probably by _________.（）A. seamenB. housewivesC. farmersD. hunters8. The following are all denominal suffixes EXCEPT _________.（）A. –fulB. –wiseC. –lessD. –ike9. Both English and _________ belong to the Germanic branch of the Indo-European language family.（）A. CelticB. DansihC. FrenchD. Scottish10. Chiefly found in derived words, bound morphemes include _________.（）A. bound rootsB. inflectional affixesC. derivational affixesD. all the above11. Motivation accounts for the connection between the word-form and _________.（）A. its referentB. its referring expressionsC. its meaningD. its concept12. Words can be classified according to the following criteria EXCEPT _________.（）A. notionB. use frequencyC. foundationD. origin13. Which of the following is NOT correct? _________（）A. A word is a meaningful group of letters.B. A word is a unit of meaning.C. A word is a sound or combination of sounds.D. A word is a form that cannot function alone in a sentence.14. If one wants to find out the minute difference between shades of meaning, the best source is _________.（）A. a thesaurusB. a synonym finderC. an encyclopediaD. an encyclopedic dictionary15. Which of the following can be said about a British Dictionary?（）A. It is always better than an American dictionary.B. One can always expect to find American usages in it.C. One can never expect to find American usages in it.D. It tends to include more grammatical information.II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (10%)16.The Norman Conquest in 1066 started a continual flow of ___________ words into English.17. The attitudes of classes have made inroads into lexical meaning in the case of elevation or ___________.18. Context can help eliminate ambiguity, provide clues for inferring word-meaning and give ___________ of referents.19. Compounds are different from free phrases in ___________ unit.20. Content words have both meanings, and ___________ meaning in particular.III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) types of figures of speech; 2) types of motivation; 3) types of changes in word meaning. (10%)A B( )21. senior citizen A. metonymy( )22. the pot calls the cattle black B. narrowing( )23. earn one’s bread C. euphemism( )24. from cradle to grave D. synecdoche( )25. sit on the fence E. hiss( )26. constable (a policeman) F. personification( )27. criticize(find fault with) G. morphologically motivated( )28. liquor(alcoholic drink) H. degradation( )29. snakes I. metaphor( )30. hopeless J. elevationIV. Study the following words or expressions and identify 1) types of affixes; 2) types of word formation; 3) types of meaning. (10%)31. harder ( )32. Fridge ( )33. autocide ( )34. tremble with fear ( )35. notorious, skinny ( )36. two-layer ( )37. UNESCO ( )38. cloudy ( )39. subway ( )40. police, money ( )V. Define the following terms.(10%)41. extra-linguistic context42. prefixation43. semantic change44. conceptual meaning45. specializationVI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below. (12%)46. What is semantic unity of idioms?47. What are the three areas to account for the difference between synonyms? Illustrate your points.48. What are the major differences between basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary?VII. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.(18%) 49. Analyse the morphological structures of the following words and point out the types of the morphemes. dishearten, idealistic, unfriendly50. Collocation can affect the meaning of words.Comment on the statement with your own example.。
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全国2014年4月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题课程代码：00832本试卷满分100分，考试时间150分钟.考生答题注意事项：1.本卷所有试题必须在答题卡上作答。
答在试卷上无效。
试卷空白处和背面均可作草稿纸。
2.第一部分为选择题。
必须对应试卷上的题号使用28铅笔将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。
3.第二部分为非选择题。
必须注明大、小题号，使用0．5毫米黑色字迹签字笔作答。
4.合理安排答题空间。
超出答题区域无效。
第一部分选择题I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and blacken the corresponding letter A,B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(30%)1.“Woman”becomes “Frau”in German, “femme”in French and “fùnǔ”in Chinese. This example shows that in different languages the same concept can be represented by different ______．A. sounds B．formsC. unities D．meanings2.The following words of the basic word stock denote the most common things and phenomena of the world around us EXCEPT ______．A. fire B．hotC. photoscanning D．sister3.Aliens are borrowed words which have retained their original pronunciation and spelling. Which of the following words comes from Chinese?A. Bazaar. B．Kowtow.C. Rajah. D．Blitzkrieg.4.The Indo-European language family is made up of the languages of the following EXCEPT ______．A. Europe B．the Far EastC. India D．the Near East5. Which of the following is NOT one of the main sources of new words in the present-day English vocabulary?A. The rapid development of modern science and technology.B．Social, economic and political changes.C. The invasion of foreign countries.D．The influence of other cultures and languages.6. Modern English vocabulary develops through the following channels EXCEPT ______.A. creation B．borrowingC. semantic change D．lexical change7. How many monomorphemic words are there in the following words?cats boss work improper triedA.1.B.2.C.3.D.4.8. A mong the following words, “______” does NOT have inflectional affixes.A. liked B．children’sC. happier D．it’s9. Which of the following words does NOT have suffixes?A. Northward. B．Widen.C. Happy. D．Worker.10. Among the following words, “______ ” contains a negative prefix.A. amoral B．de-composeC. antiwar D．foretell11. From the viewpoint of word formation, the word “smog” is a ______.A. compound B．conversionC. clipping D．blending12. Which of the following is partially converted?A. A white. B．A drunk.C. The poor. D．Finals.13. One can figure out the meaning of “airmail” to be “mail by air” by its ______.A. onomatopoeic motivation B．morphological motivationC. semantic motivation D．etymological motivation14.When a reader comes across the word “home” in his reading, the word may remind him of his “family, friends, warmth, safety, etc. ” In this sense, the word “home” conveys ______.A. connotative meaning B．stylistic meaningC. affective meaning D．collocative meaning15. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Grammatical meaning refers to the part of speech, tenses of verbs and stylistic features ofwords.B．Unlike conceptual meaning, associative meaning is unstable and indeterminate.C. Affective meaning indicates the listener’s attitude towards the person or thing in question.D．Collocation cannot affect the meaning of words.16. Words that are identical only in spelling but different in sound and meaning are called ______.A. perfect homonyms B．homographsC. homophones D．homonyms17. The differences between synonyms exist in the following areas EXCEPT ______.A. denotation B．connotationC. reference D．application18. “Apple, pear, peach, orange, lemon, etc.” make up the ______ of “fruit”.A. synonyms B．homonymsC. superordinate term D．semantic field19. ______ of meaning is a process by which a word that originally had a specialized meaninghas now become generalized.A. Degradation B．ElevationC. Extension D．Specilization20. Which of the following is NOT one of the extra-linguistic factors that cause changes in meaning?A. Cultural reason. B．Historical reason.C. Class reason. D．Psychological reason.21.The word “minister”originally meant“a servant”, but now has changed to“a head of a ministry”. This process of meaning change is called ______．A. extension B．elevationC. degradation D．specialization22. In grammatical context, the meaning of a word may be influenced by the ______in which it occurs.A. structure B．sentenceC. phrase D．clause23. There is an ambiguity in the sentence “He is a hard businessman” due to ______.A. polysemy B．homonymyC. synonymy D．antonymy24. Which of the following is NOT one of the context clues?A. Definition. B．Polysemy.C. Synonymy. D．Antonymy.25. Which of the following is NOT one of the characteristics of idioms?A. The part of speech of each element in an idiom is very important.B．The constituents of idioms can’t be r eplaced.C. The word order in an idiom can’t be changed.D．An idiom functions as one word.26. Idioms nominal in nature have a(n) ______ as the key word in each and function as a noun in sentences.A. verb B．adjectiveC. preposition D．noun27.Lexical manipulation is one aspect of the rhetorical features of idioms. The following EXCEPT ______ belong to lexical manipulation.A. alliteration B．reiterationC. repetition D．juxtaposition28. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 3rd Edition (1980), is among the best-known British ______ dictionaries.A. unabridged B．deskC. pocket D．bilingual29. Generally, a dictionary covers the following contents EXCEPT ______.A. spelling B．pronunciationC. definition D．syntactical rules30. Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary (1987) has some unique features such as definition, extra column and ______.A. pronunciation B．grammar codesC. usage examples D．language codes非选择题部分注意事项：用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。