各个角度分析霍桑的《年轻的小伙布朗》

Introduction

There are sixteen papers related to the analysis of Young Goodman Brown from five different perspectives. The first one is about the overview of the fifteen more ones and the five parts are allegory and symbolism, expression of Puritanism, writing style, Freudian Psychoanalytic Approach and the theme.

First is writing features. According to 以《小伙子古德曼布朗》为例试论霍桑的写作特点，there are 3 features in his works: symbolism with deep meaning, detailed description of psychology and theme with ambiguity.

Allegory and symbolism

There are mainly four reports related to it.

Let’s take a look at the first report. According to Allegory and Symbolism——On Hawthorne’s Young Goodman Brown from Gao Feng, Hawthorne uses allegory and symbolism with good effect in the short story “Young Goodman Brown”. In the setting which he chooses, allegory is realism, and the idea is life itself. Thus Hawthorne brings his allegory and symbolism to perfect literary form in the novel.

Then it is the second one. This one is 霍桑讽喻小说《好小伙古德曼布朗》中象征主义的运用 by Liang Xinxin. It tells us that as a great symbolist, Hawthorne made good use of symbols to express his ideas. Some important symbols in his “Young Goodman Brown”, such as the pink ribbons, the fellow traveler’s staff, are closel y associated with the theme, relating to man’s sins. This paper briefly discusses the use of allegory and symbolism in his “Young Goodman Brown”.

Here is the third one, 论霍桑的人性原罪思想在《年轻的古德曼布朗》中的体现. According to this one, the authors agree that as a great symbolist，Hawthorne made good use of symbols in such his works as The Scarlet Letter and The Minister's

Black Veil to express his ideas. Some important symbols in his Young Goodman Brown，including the names，the pink ribbons，and the Devil's staff，are closely associated with the theme，relating to man's original sin．

As the above 3 reports are expressing similar idea, we draw a conclusion here for you to see it clearly. Because of time limit, here we only list three points.

First are the pink ribbons. The pink ribbons did appear four times at the critical moment in the psychological development of Goodman Brown. The pink ribbons is the key symbo1 signify Goodman Brown’s initial illusion about true significance of his faith and his belief that his faith will

lead him to heaven if he sticks to it after one more indulgence in sin. After his journey into the forest, the pink ribbons on his wife’s head had also become as untruthful and ridiculous as the other pious people in his cynical eyes.

Second is a hanging twig and the coldest dew. Hawthorne sprinkles dew on his cheek to represent the absence of tears. This lack of tears, the outward sign of an inward reality, posits the absence of the innate love and humility that would have made possible Brown’s moral and sp iritual progression.

Third is the forest. It seems that the forest stands for Brown’s own mind. T he forest is haunted and filled with ambiguity implies that Brown’s mind haunted, and puzzled and lost. What goes on in Brown’s mind is just like what happens in the forest. Further more, the forest may equate with temptation and sin.

Then, it is the fourth one. This report is a little different from those 3 other reports. This one uses Frye’s Theories of Symbolism to explain Young Goodman Brown. According to Herman Nothrop Frye, he partitioned literary symbolism into five levels or phases. These phases were: Symbol as motif; Symbol as sign; Symbol as image; Symbol as archetype and symbol as monad. This paper tries to apply his theories of symbolism to the comment of Young Goodman Brown. Take the archetype one as example. By setting the historical background of "Salem witch trials", writer successfully provided the readers with a sense of reality and let them believe that the story might have been derived from what had really happened before, thus pulled his story to them nearer and made them more devoted. It is the effect of choosing a right archetype.

Third is the expression of Puritanism. In the 霍桑《好小伙布朗》中的清教思想解读,the authors think the sin in human mind was the main content of the novel.Influenced by its social background, family background and upbringing of origin, Hawthorne’s novels reflect a strong Puritan Ideology. On the one hand, Hawthorne is committed to exploring ethical and criminal problems, exploring deep-hidden “original sin” and “hidden crimes” in people, and advocating the adoption of good deeds and penitence to wash away sin, purify mind to get salvation. On the other hand, it is the exclusion and slaughter of aliens by Puritans and the repression and destruction of human nature by Puritan canon that makes Hawthorne full of doubt and confusion, which reflected in his works as an extremely contradictory religious idea.

Then in the 家族记忆和原罪——论霍桑黑色小说的艺术重构，Hawthorne