美国经济 主要英语国家概况 chapter15
英语国家概况(修订版)Chapter 15
The Conservative Party
-- the merger of the Canadian Alliance and the Progressive Conservative Party -- form the government of Canada since 2006
The New Democratic Party
What are the main characteristics of Canada's electoral democracy?
-- Participation, fairness and transparency -- Secrecy and privacy -- Adaptability
---the Senate (105 members)
What are the functions of the parliament?
(Page192-193, the textbook)
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
A Guide to English-Speaking Countries
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
A Guide to English-Speaking Countries
Structure of the government of Canada
Government of Canada
Sovereign
(Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II )
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
英语国家概况Chapter-15
The sixth largest country in the world
Located in Oceania, the Southern Hemisphere
Completely surrounded by water:
• Lying between the Indian and Pacific Oceans
Sichuan University of Science & Engineering
墨尔本
II Geography: Major Cities—Brisbane
Brisbane?
the capital of Queensland, situated in the southeast of the province the third largest city in Australia
Australia is widely known as “the Dry Continent” due to its low rainfall. The aridity of Australia stems from its proximity to the • The hot and dry conditions of Australia bring equator. about recurring droughts across the country. The 1895 to 1903 drought is considered Australia’s worst draught in terms of severity and scale.
Sichuan University of Science & Engineering
II Geography: Geographical Regions
英语国家概况美国部分精讲2
Chapter 17 American History(III) in post-W.W.II Era(1945-1980S)[被屏蔽广告]必背细节1. On Feb 22,1946,George Kennan, a high-ranking official in the American embassy to Moscow, wrote in the telegram that the U.S.policy should be vigilant containment of Russian expansive tendencies. Later the containment policy became the official policy towards the Soviet Union.1946年2月22日，美国驻苏联大使乔治。
凯南在他的电报中主张对苏联采取遏制政策。
2．The open declaration of the containment policy was made by President Truman on March 12,1949 in a speech to the joint session of congress.1949年3月12日杜鲁门总统在国会联席会议上公开宣布了遏制政策。
3．In order to protect Western Europe from possible Soviet expansion, the U.S.decided to offer Western European countries economic aid. This later came to be called the Marshall plan.为了保护西欧不受苏联扩张影响，美国决定给予西欧国家经济支援，此举后来被称作"马歇尔计划。
"4．The North Atlantic Treaty, which was signed on April 4,1949,marked the beginning of U.S.efforts in setting up a military alliance around the Soviet Union and its allies.美国于1949年4月4日签订的北大西洋公约标志着美国开始致力于在苏联及其盟国周围建立军事同盟。
余志远《英语国家概况》(2015年版)复习笔记和课后习题详解(第15章 美国政治)【圣才出品】
第15章美国政治15.1复习笔记【知识框架】Ⅰ.The U.S.Constitution1.The Federal system2.Separation of powers:checks and balances3.Provisions for amendment4.Bill of RightsⅡ.The Legislative Branch1.A Two-chamber Congress2.The House of Representatives3.Senate4.Functions of the CongressⅢ.The Executive BranchⅣ.The Judicial Branch1.The Supreme Court2.Courts of Appeals and District CourtsⅤ.State GovernmentⅥ.Local Government【重难点归纳】Ⅰ.The U.S.ConstitutionThe American Constitution is the oldest written constitution in the world.It was drawn up in1787and went into effect in1789.Ⅰ.美国宪法美国宪法是世界上最古老的成文宪法。
1787年制定，1789年生效。
1.The Federal systemThe Constitution set up a federal system of government which has two layers of rule.There is federal government.There are also state and local governments.1.联邦系统宪法规定了具有两层规则的联邦政府系统，包括联邦政府与州和地方政府。
2.Separation of powers:checks and balancesThe government is divided into three branches,the legislative,the executive and the judicial.And each branch can check the actions of the other branches.The three branches are thus in balance.This is called“checks and balances”.2.三权分立，相互制衡政府分为三个分支机构，即立法，行政和司法。
美国经济主要英语国家概况chapter15
Trade——Service Industry
Efficient ways of providing goods
Thank you very much!
Your Topic Goes Here
Your subtopic goes here
U.S. trade with China——Increased dramatically
The top items the U.S. exported to China Electrical machinery & equipment Power generation equipment Oil seeds and fruits Aircraft and spacecraft Medical equipment The top items the U.S. imported from China Power generation equipment Electrical machinery & equipment Toys and games Furniture ,shoes and clothes
The ways of consuming
Cash Personal checks ——same value as Cash Credits ——make purchase on credit encourage people to spend more money most Americans are in debt
Your Topic Goes Here
【优质】英语国家概况精讲系列chapter 14~22
chapter 14(14章）population.Race and Ethnic groups 必背细节1.The United States of the American is the third most populous county in the world after Chind and India.美国是世界人口第三大国，仅次于中国和印度。
2.Immigration accounts for a major source of population growth,The United States has a more or less open-door policy to immigtants from independence until 1960s.Ellis Island of New York was an important immigration recep tion spot in the 1890s and at the turn of the century.19世纪末20世纪初，纽约的埃利斯岛是一个重要的移民入境接待点。
3.Almost 20 million people or 7.8% of the total population were immigrants in 1992.Between 80% and 90% of immig ration to the United States now is from Asian and Hispanic countries.如今美国移民的80%到90%主要来源于亚洲和拉美国家。
4.Arizona,Nevada,and Florida have been the fastest growing states in population for the last 20 years.在过去的二十年里，亚利桑那，内华达和佛罗里达是人口增长最快的州。
《英语国家概况》自学教材目录及考试大纲
附：自学考试《英语国家概况》自学考试教材目录（课程代码：0522）Part one The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Chapter1Land and PeopleChapter2The Origins of a Nation(5000BC-AD1066)Chapter3The Shaping of the Nation(1066——1381)Chapter4Transition tO the Modern Age(1455——1688)Chapter5The Rise and Fall of the British Empire(1688——1990)Chapter6The EconomyChapter7Government and AdministrationChapter8Justice and the LawChapter9Social AffairsChapter10Cultural AffairsPart Two The Republic of IrelandChapter11Geography and HistoryChapter12Ireland TodayPart Three The United States of AmericaChapter13GeographyChapter14Population．Race and Ethnic GroupsChapter15American History(I)(1600——1900)Chapter16American History(II)(1900-1945)Chapter17American History(III)America in Post Era(1945-1980s)Chapter18The EconomyChapter19Political InstitutionsChapter20EducationChapter21Literature．Architecture and MusicChapter22Holidays and FestivalsPart Four CanadaChapter23Geography and HistoryChapter24The EconomyChapter25Government and PoliticsChapter26Society and CulturePart Five AustraliaChapter27Land and PeopleChapter28Australian History(I)Australia to FederationChapter29Australian History(II)Australia Since FederationChapter30The EconomyChapter31Government and PoliticsChapter32Society and CulturePart Six New ZealandChapter33The Making of New ZealandChapter34New Zealand Today第一部分英国概况第一章国土和人民第二章英国民族起源（5000BC~AD1066）第三章民族的形成（1066~1381）第四章向现代过渡时期的英国（1455~1688）第五章大英帝国的兴衰（1688~1990）第六章经济第七章英国政府机构第八章法律与司法机构第九章英国社会第十章英国文化第二部分爱尔兰概况第十一章爱尔兰地理与历史第十二章今日爱尔兰第三部分美国概况第十三章美国地理第十四章人口、种族和种族集团第十五章美国历史（I）（1600~1900）第十六章美国历史（II）（1900~1945）第十七章美国历史（III）二次大战后的美国（1945-1980S）第十八章美国经济第十九章政治体制第二十章教育第二十一章文学、建筑和音乐第二十二章假日和节日第四部分加拿大概况第二十三章加拿大地理与历史第二十四章加拿大经济第二十五章加拿大政府与政治第二十六章加拿大的社会与文化第五部分澳大利亚概况第二十七章土地与人民第二十八章澳大利亚联邦成立之前的历史第二十九章澳大利亚联邦成立以来的历史第三十章澳大利亚经济第三十一章澳大利亚政府与政治制度第三十二章澳大利亚社会与文化第六部分新西兰概况第三十三章新西兰地理与历史第三十四章今日新西兰附件：《英语国家概况自学考试大纲》的考核目标Part One The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Chapter1Land and PeopleI.Different Names for Britain and its PartsChapter2The Origins of a NationI．Early Settlers3．The CeltsII．Roman BritainIII．The Anglo-SaxonsⅣ．The Viking and Danish InvasionsV．The Norman ConquestChapter3The Shaping of the NationⅠ．Norman Rule1.William’s RuleⅡ．The Great Charter and the Beginning of Parliament1.The Great CharterⅢ．The Hundred Years’War with FranceⅣ．The Black Death and the Peasant UprisingChapter4Transition to the Modern AgeⅠ．Transition to the Modern AgeⅡ．The English ReformationⅢ．Elizabeth I1.Elizabeth and Parliament2.Elizabeth’s Religious Reform3.Elizabeth’s Foreign PolicyⅣ．The English RenaissanceVII.The Civil WarsVIII.The CommonwealthIX.The Restoration and the Glorious Revolution of1688Chapter5The Rise and Fall of the British EmpireⅠ．Whigs and ToriesⅡ．Agricultural Changes in the Late18th CenturyⅢ．The Industrial RevolutionⅣ．The Chartist MovementVII．Twentieth Century1.Britain and the First World War3.Britain and the Second World War4.Postwar BritainChapter7Government and AdministrationⅠ．The MonarchyⅡ．Parliament1.The House of Lords2.The House of CommonsⅢ．The Cabinet and MinistryⅣ．The Privy CouncilChapter8Justice and the LawIV．The JudiciaryV．PoliceChapter9Social AffairsⅠ．Health and Social Services1．The National Health ServiceⅢ．Religion1．Established churchesⅣ．Festivals and Public Holidays1．Christian festivals2．Other festivals3．Public holidaysChapter10Cultural AffairsⅠ．Education3．Higher educationⅡ．The Media1．NewspapersⅢ．SportsⅣ．The Arts3．DramaPart Two The Republic of Ireland Chapter11Geography and HistoryI.Geographical FeaturesII.Climate and WeatherIII.Population and ReligionIV.Historical backgroundPart Three The United States of America Chapter14Population,Race and Ethnic GroupsI.IntroductionIV.Racial and Ethnic Minorities1．BlacksChapter15American History(I)Ⅰ．Discovery of the New WorldⅡ．The Colonial PeriodⅢ．The War of IndependenceⅣ．A New Form of GovernmentⅥ．Territorial Expansion and Westward MovementⅦ．The Civil WarⅧ．Rapid Growth of Capitalism after the Civil WarChapter16American History(II)Ⅰ．Economic DevelopmentⅡ．ProgressivismⅢ．World War I and the United StatesⅣ．The United States in the1920sⅤ．The Great Depression and the New DealⅥ．World War II and the United StatesChapter17American History(III)Ⅰ．The Origins of the Cold WarⅡ．The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan V．McCarthyismVII．American Society During the Postwar Boom:1945-1960s VIII．The Cuban Missile CrisisIX．The Vietnam WarX．United States’Relations with ChinaXII．Watergate ScandalChapter18The Economy(Two paragraphs)Ⅰ．The Economic System of the United StatesV．Foreign TradeVI．Problems in the U.S.EconomyChapter19Political InstitutionsⅠ．The U.S.Constitution1．The Federal system2．Separation of powers:checks and balances3．Provisions for amendmentⅡ．The Executive Branch1．The Presidency2．Presidential PowersⅢ．The Legislative Branch2.Powers of the House and Senate3.Officers of the Congress4.Functions of the CongressⅤ．Political Parties(two-party system)Chapter20EducationⅠ．Characteristics of American EducationⅡ．Elementary and Secondary EducationⅢ．Higher EducationⅤ．Education ReformsChapter21Literature,Architecture and MusicⅠ．American Literature1．Washington Irving2．Emerson and Hawthorne3．Mark Twain4．Whitman and Dickinson5．Theodore Dreiser6．T.S.Eliot7．Ernest Hemingway8．Hughes and WrightChapter22Holidays and FestivalsⅠ．New Year’s DayIV．Valentine’s DayVI．Easter DayVIII．Independence DayIX．HalloweenXI．Thanksgiving DayⅩII．Christmas DayPart Four Canada Chapter23Geography and HistoryⅠ．Geographic Features4.Geographic regionsⅡ．The making of Canada1．The European discovery3．Self-government and Confederation4．The Canadian nationChapter26Society and CultureI．Canadian Society1．Population2．Immigration3．Bilingualism4．MulticulturalismPart Five Australia Chapter27Land and peopleⅠ．The Geographical Structure1．The Great Western Plateau2．The Eastern Highlands3．The Central Eastern LowlandsⅡ．Climate3.Causes and effects of the hot and dry climate Ⅳ．People1．Population2．Population density and distributionⅤ．Australia’s Built Environment1．Sprawling cities2．Rural areasⅥ．Political Divisions1．New South Wales2．Victoria3．Queensland4．South Australia5．West Australia6．TasmaniaChapter32Society and CultureIV．Australian Culture1．Aboriginal culture2．Modern Australian culturePart Six New Zealand Chapter33The Making of New ZealandⅠ．GeographyⅡ．ClimateⅢ．Plants and AnimalsⅣ．Historical Background2．The Treaty of Waitangi1840VI.Maoritanga5.Race relations《<英语国家概况>自考辅导》目录（配合《英语国家概况》余志远，外语教学与研究出版社2005版）Part One The United Kingdom of Great Britain and North IrelandChapter1Land and People(英国的国土与人民)Chapter2The origins of the Nation(国家的起源)Chapter3The Shaping of the Nation(英国的形式)Chapter4Transition to the Modern Age(向现代过度的英国)Chapter5The Rise and Fall of the British Empire(英帝国的兴衰)Chapter6The Economy(英国经济)Chapter7Government and Administration(英国政府机构)Chapter8Justice and the Law（法律和司法机构）Chapter9Social Affairs(社会事务)Chapter10Cultural Affairs(文化事务)Part Two The Republic of IrelandThe Republic of Ireland(爱尔兰共和国)Part Three United States of AmericaChapter1A Survey of American Natural Circumstances and Geography(美国的自然环境和地理概况)Chapter2People and Ethnic Groups(人口和名族)Chapter3American History(Ⅰ)(1600-1900)(美国历史)Chapter4American History(Ⅱ)(1900-1945)(美国历史)Chapter5American History(Ⅲ)(1945-1980s’)(美国历史)Chapter6American Literature(美国文学)Chapter7American Economy(美国经济)Chapter8American Politics(美国政治)Chapter9American Education(教育)Chapter10American Music,Architecture and Newspaper（音乐、建筑和报纸）Chapter11Holidays and Festivals（美国的节假日）Part Four CanadaChapter1The History of Chanada（加拿大的历史）Chapter2Canadian Geography(加拿大地理)Chapter3The Economy（经济）Chapter4Government and Politics（政府和政治）Chapter5Society and Culture（社会与文化）Part Five AustraliaChapter1Australia”s Land and People（澳大利亚的国土与人口）Chapter2Australian History（澳大利亚历史）Chapter3Australian Economy（澳大利亚经济）Chapter4Polotical System(澳大利亚政治体制）Chapter5Society and Culture（社会与文化）Part Six New ZealandChapter1The making of New of New Zealand（地理与历史）Chapter2New Zealand Today（今日新新西兰）。
英语国家概况精讲之必背美国篇汇总
英语国家概况精讲：第十四章美国人口种族chapter 14：population.Race and Ethnic groups必背细节1.The United States of America is the third most populous county in the world after Chind and India.美国是世界人口第三大国，仅次于中国和印度。
2。
Immigration accounts for a major source of population growth,The United States has a more or less open-door policy to immigtants from independence until 1960s.Ellis Island of New York was an important immigration reception spot in the 1890s and at the turn of the century.19世纪末20世纪初，纽约的埃利斯岛是一个重要的移民入境接待点。
3。
Almost 20 million people or 7.8% of the total population were immigrants in 1992.Between 80% and 90% of immigration to the United States now is from Asian and Hispanic countries.如今美国移民的80%到90%主要来源于亚洲和拉美国家。
4。
Arizona,Nevada,and Florida have been the fastest growing states in population for the last 20 years. 在过去的二十年里，亚利桑那，内华达和佛罗里达是人口增长最快的州。
英美概况unit15
• The Southest
• North of Florida along the Atlantic Seaboard are the southern states of Georgia,South Carolina,North Carolina and Virginia. • Fort Sumer National Park
• There is in the south a stretch of desert area that suddenly becomes verdant in the Imperial Valley of California (加州皇 家河谷).
• Yosemite National Park（约瑟米 蒂国家公园）
• Alaska
• vast expanses of Alaska covered with ice and snow. • Alaska is the largest state of the US by area;it is situated in the northwest extremity of the North America continent. • Many active volcanoes are found in the Aleutain Islands chain
• Hawaii
• Hawaii is unique in many ways • Hawaii is made up of a chain of islands(124 islets and 8 main island) • Mauna Kea (莫纳克亚山) • there are 2 national parks and 3 historical parks • a National Park Service (美国国家公园管理 局) • 3W„s( wind，waves,wings)
英语国家概况美国篇,期末整理
TheUnitedStatesofAmericaPart1TheCountryandTheAmericanIdentityCommon-senseKnowledge1、全称：TheUnitedStatesofAmerica(美利坚合众国)2、简称：theUnitedStates;.;America.3、NationalAnthem：《星条旗永不落》"TheStar-SpangledBanner（同时可以叫做国旗）"1931年被美国国会正式定为国歌。
4、NationalFlower：Rose5、Jetlag:About16hours(westofAmerica),and13hours(eastofAmerica).（了解）6、TheCapital:.为纪念美国国父乔治-华盛顿和发现美洲新大陆的哥伦布Christophe而定名7、绰号：山姆大叔（UncleSam）Location1、Canadaonthenorth；MexicoandtheGulfofMexicoonthesouth；AtlanticOceanontheeast；PacificOceanonthewest.2、Thelargestcountryintheworld：Russia，Canada，China，America，brazil，Australia.3、50statesintotalAlaska—thelargest；RhodeIsland(罗德岛州)—thesmallest；Texas（德克萨斯州）—thelargestonthemainland4、着名城市Boston是Massachusetts马萨诸塞州的首府5、两边两座山，中间一条河。
Theeasternpart—thehighlandsformedbytheAppalachianRange(阿巴拉挈亚山脉).Thewesternpart—RockyMountains（落基山）—thegreatbackboneofNorthAmerica6、TheGreatLakes（1）LakeMichigan密歇根湖—whollywithintheUnitedStates唯一全在美国境内（2）LakeErie伊利湖和LakeOntario安大略湖间有NiagaraFalls尼亚加拉大瀑布（3）LakeSuperior苏必利尔湖—世界上最大的淡水湖（4）无特色的LakeHuron休伦湖Climate1、MainlytemperatewithsomemildsubtropicalzoneswithonlythesouthernFloridaandHawaiibeingtropic al.大部分是温带大陆性气候。
《英语国家概况》各章节概要知识点——美国部分
《英语国家概况》各章节概要知识点——美国部分1. Population, Race and Ethnic Groups 人口与民族世界第三人口大国，20世纪90年代人口增长更加迅速，将来60年还将迅猛增加。
预计将从1992年的25，550万，增加到2000年的27，500万。
移民是人口增长的主要来源，基本开放的移民政策。
现在多数移民来自亚洲和拉丁美洲。
城市化高，最大的城市：纽约，洛杉矶，芝加哥，旧金山，费城。
1946-1964是生育高峰，20世纪80年代人口老龄化趋势。
美国是移民国家。
第一批移民来自英国和荷兰，为了逃避宗教迫害，寻求更好的生活，契约劳工。
三次移民浪潮：第一次移民浪潮始于1805年，1845年到达高峰，许多爱尔兰人迁入。
第二次移民浪潮从1860-1890。
第三次移民浪潮从1890-1914，是最大的一次。
来自奥匈帝国，意大利，俄国，希腊，罗马尼亚和土耳其。
Characteristics of the American population 美国人口的特征流动性。
四次大规模的人口流动：第一次从内战结束到1880年，西进运动。
从东海岸向西部迁移。
第二次从1890-1920年，随着工业化和城市化的实现，人口从农村涌向城市。
第三次从1920-1960年，大批黑人离开南方涌入外地。
第四次从60年代至今，从东北部向西南部的阳光地带迁移。
Black people and the Civil Rights Movement 黑人与民权运动黑人是美国人口最多的少数民族。
自1619年作为奴隶贩运到北美洲，集中在南部农业区，生活悲惨。
代表小说《汤姆叔叔的小屋》和《根》。
1863年林肯的《解放奴隶宣言》和1865《宪法》第13条修正案正式结束了奴隶制，但仍存在歧视。
1954年布朗诉教育委员会一案，开始了漫长的废除种族隔离的进程。
60年代爆发民权运动。
1964年通过《民权法案》，1965年通过《选举权法案》。
英语国家概况Chapter15
James Madison, fourth president of the United States, is often regarded as the "Father of the Constitution." (The American History）
Ⅵ.Territorial Expansion and Westward Movement （开拓疆土和西进运动）
Chapter 15 American History (I) (1600-1900)
I. II. III. IV. V. VI.
Discovery of the New World The Colonial Period The War of Independence A New Form of Government The War of 1812 Territorial Expansion and Westward Movement VII. The Civil War VIII. Rapid Growth of Capitalism after the Civil War
contents
I. Discovery of the New World
Think about the following questions. 1. Who are the original American people? 2. Do you know where the name “America” came from?
3. Struggle during ratification ①Between: a. Federalists –Federalist Paper b. Anti-federalists, concerned the absence of Bill of Rights in the Constitution. ②Final: Bill of Rights.
英美概况之美国经济PPT课件
Economic growth advantages
❖ 1.Advanced science and technology
❖ 2. Superior industrial structure
❖ 3.The benefits from two world wars
❖ 4.The benefits from globalization
Company LOGO
The history of American economy
❖ The development of American economy can be divided into three parts:
❖ The early stage(before1492-1776), ❖ The modern times(1776-1898), ❖ Cotemporary age(1898-).
❖ 5.The effeCcotmipvaney LOGO
control of the government.
Future of the American economy
❖ 1.Recently, chairman of the Federal Reserve claimed that he hold an cautious and optimistic attitude towards the further development of American economy. He attached more importance to the vulnerability of current American economy recover and the urgency of rising the upper line of credits. US debts ,which has been considered as the most secure assets, is now brewing the largest uncertainty around the world.
英语国家概况 美国篇中英翻译
chapter 13 geography 地理位置美国的全称是美利坚合众国。
我们通常简称它为美国。
The full name of the United States is the United States of America ，Often we just call it the United States, the U. S. or simply America.1. 阿拉斯加和夏威夷是最近加入美国的两个新州(1959年)。
阿拉斯加在加拿大的西北部，夏威夷位邻中太平洋。
Alaska and Hawaii are the two newest states in American(1959年).Alaska lies in northwestern Canada，and Hawaii lies in the central Pacific.2.美国陆地面积为930万平方公里。
就面积而言，美国是世界第四大国，仅次于俄罗斯、加拿大和中国。
The U.S has a land area of 9.3 million square kilometres.It is the fourth largest country in the world in size after Russia，Canada and China.3.所有州中，阿拉斯加是面积最大的州，罗得岛最小，在美国大陆，最大的州是得克萨斯州。
Of all states of American，Alaska is the lagest in area and Rhode Island the smallest.But on the mainland Texas is the largest sate of the country.4. 落基山脉是北美大陆的脊梁，也被成为大陆分水岭。
The Rockies，the backbone of the North American Continent，is also known as the Continental Divide.5. 阿巴拉契亚山脉和落基山脉是美国的两座大山脉。
英语国家概况(美国经济)(课堂PPT)
1. The Colonial Period
❖Massachusetts—settled by Pilgrims to escape religious persecution
❖Other colonies—like Virginia and Pennsylvania, founded as business ventures
▪ contribution to England’s colonizing process of the would-be United States
▪ charter companies ▪ King provided a charter or grant conferring
economic rights as well as political and judicial authority
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
1. The Colonial Period
❖English investors turned over colonial charters to the settlers.
▪ enormous political implications
▪ small iron forges (冶炼厂)
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
1. The Colonial Period
Gristmill
Iron forge
Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press
英语国家概况：TheU.S.Economy美国经济
英语国家概况：The U.S.Economy美国经济 下⾯是店铺整理的英语国家概况：The U.S. Economy美国经济，欢迎⼤家阅读! The U.S. Economy 1)Factors that contribute to the fast growth ofthe economy: ①the geographical location of the United Statespovides very good conditions for the country to growand become strong. ②the United States has been blessed by being a landrich in mineral resources and fertile farm soil,together with a moderate climate. ③America has been fortunate in having enough people to provide the labour necessary for aconstantly expanding economy. ④the quality of available labour. The United States has a skilful and willing labour force. 经济快速增长的⼏个因素： 1.美国的地理位置为国家的发展壮⼤提供了良好的条件; 2.美国有幸是⼀块矿产资源丰富、⼟壤肥沃的陆地，⽓候温和; 3.拥有⾜够的劳动⼒以满⾜不断发展的经济增长; 4.这些劳动⼒的质量。
美国拥有技术⾼和能动性好的劳动⼒⼤军。
2)Characteristics of the U.S. economy: characterised by a high degree of monopoly. 经济特征：已⾼度垄断为特点。
《英语国家概况》- Chapter 18 The Economy
第十八章美国经济到目前为止美国是世界上最大的工业国，既是经济大国又是科技大国。
在计算机、宇航、核能和电子等先进领域美国仍居首位。
尽管其份额在迅速下降，但美国生产的机械、汽车、石油、电能和化学产品占世界生产的很大部分。
美国的出口值从70年代的970亿美元增加到1990年的3935亿美元，同时期的进口值从1000亿美元增加到4953亿美元。
美国的国民生产总值从1981年的26260亿美元增加到1990年的到54650亿美元。
同一时期的人均收入从10949美元增加到19220美元。
现在美国的晶体管、炼油、农产品、电讯和计算机占有一多半的欧洲市场。
美国人享有的生活水平比世界上大多数国家人民都高。
美国拥有世界上不到6%的人口，生产出的产品却占世界总产量的25%。
美国经历了辉煌的经济增长，这一成就不单单靠机会。
经济的快速增长有多种因素:第一，美国的地理位置给美国的发展、壮大提供了非常好的条件;第二，上天恩赐给美国的土地拥有丰富的矿产资源、肥沃的土壤和适宜的气候;第三，幸运的是美国有足够的人口为不断扩大的经济提供必要的劳动力;第四个因素是劳动力的质量，美国拥有技术好和积极肯干的劳动力，他们不但工作努力，而且愿意去试验、改革和学习新的技术。
Ⅰ.美国的经济制度美国的经济是一个以私营为主的自由市场经济。
私人拥有和经营的企业(包括农业)生产的商品和提供的服务占全国总量的85%。
从事独立性行业的人们如医生、律师和会计的产值占国民生产总数的3%。
政府(国有)企业占有剩余的比例。
诸如煤碳、钢铁、汽车和造船业等都为私人拥有。
邮电服务(不包括电话)、铁路系统和国防工业由联邦政府、州政府或和地方政府三级分别管理。
只有25%的电和铁路是国有的。
在美国私有成分在经济中所占的比例比任何其他发达国家都大得多。
然而，政府仍是美国经济中的重要组成部分。
传统上，美国政府的领导人不愿意干涉私营企业(交通业除外)。
这一态度开始改变是在19世纪后期，当时农场和劳工运动开始要求政府代表他们的利益调解冲突。
英语国家概况美国经济
economic rights as well as political and judicial authority
1. The Colonial Period
Mayflower, the ship that carried the Pilgrims from England to Plymouth, Massachusetts, where they established the first permanent New England colony in 1620.
In 1862, the first Pacific railroad was chartered.
In 1863 and 1864, a national bank code (银行 代码) was drafted.
2. Since American Independence
❖Northern victory in the Civil War—ensured the destiny of the nation and its economic system
with foreign nations and among the states, establish uniform bankruptcy laws, create money and regulate its value, fix standards of weights and measures, establish post offices and roads, and fix rules governing patents (专利权、专利品) and copyrights. ▪ “intellectual property”
《英语国家概况》词汇选释(15) 第十五章 美国历史(一)
《英语国家概况》词汇选释(15) 第十五章美国历史(一)露西
【期刊名称】《英语知识》
【年(卷),期】2000(000)003
【摘要】Amerigo Vespucci 阿美利哥·韦斯普奇(1451—1512,意大利商人和航海家,确认新发现的大西洋以西的陆地不是亚洲部分而是一个新大陆,后以其名命名为America)Mayflower 五月花号(1620年英国清教徒去北美殖民地时所乘船
名)Stamp Tax 印花税Boston Tea Party 波士顿倾茶事件(波士顿居民于1773年12月16日为反对英国垄断茶叶贸易集会抗议,并袭击停泊港内的3搜英船,将船上的
【总页数】1页(P)
【作者】露西
【作者单位】大连外国语学院;讲师
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】H313
【相关文献】
1.《英语国家概况》词汇选释(25) [J], 露西;
2.《英语国家概况》词汇选释(26) [J], 露西;
3.《英语国家概况》词汇选释(27) [J], 露西;;
4.《英语国家概况》词汇选释(20) 第22章美国的节假日 [J], 露西
5.《英语国家概况》词汇选释(17、18) 第17章美国历史(三) [J], 露西
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Railroad Highway —the most important means of passenger transportation Roads and streets Airports
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Trade——Service Industry
• Efficient ways of providing goods
1,manufacturers厂商 ——wholesalers批发商 ——retailers零售商 2,manufacturers厂商 ——large factory outlets厂家直销店
• Ways of shopping
Shopping mall Supermarkets Huge wholesalers stores Online shopping
• The ways of consuming
Cash Personal checks ——same value as Cash
Credits ——make purchase on credit encourage people to spend more money most Americans are in debt
Commercial banks 商业银行 Saving and loan associations 储蓄与贷款协会 Saving banks 储蓄银行 Credit unions 信用合作社 Mutual funds 共同基金
banks
• The functions of banks
intermediaries in the flow of money basic means of exchange
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Trade——Service Industry
• Export
1. Machinery and transportation equipment —— the leading categories of export, accounting for more than 1/3 of the total
黄石国家公园
尼亚加拉大瀑布
大峡谷
2021/3/5
Your Topic Goes Here
• Popular Tourist destinations —— Theme parks Disney Land Universal Studio环球工作室迪斯尼乐园
2021/3/5
Tourism and Transportation
Service Industry
2021/3/5
Service Industry
• The largest branch of the economy • Private business
Financial services Travel and tourism Transportation Trade Entertainment Food services
• Government services
Postal service The maintenance of roads Defense
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Financial Services——Service Industry
• The various kinds of financial institutions
2. Electrical equipment, computer products, chemical, and precision instrument
• Import
Labor-intensive products Machinery, raw materials and oil
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Financial Services——Service Industry
Stock
business to raise capital investors to invest their surplus fund in stock shares
• New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) ——most famous
• The factors that affect the price for stocks
Government policy The prospect of profit of a company The management of a company
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Financial Services——Service Industry
• Bull market 牛市——more people want to buy, price go up • Bear market 熊市——more people want to sell, price fall
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Tourism and Transportation
• Popular Tourist destination——Big cities
New York City, Los Angeles, Washington D. C. and San Francisco
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ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
Your Topic Goes Here
• Popular Tourist destinations——National parks
The Yellow Stone National parks ，Niagara Falls and the Grand Canyon
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Financial Services——Service Industry
• Central bank——The Federal Reserve System
美国联邦储蓄系统，即美联储
Issues national currency Decides monetary policy such as interest rate Impact on activities of all financial institutions and markets