东北师范大学英语考研复试语言学真题

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东师15春《英语语言学》题库112及满分答案

东师15春《英语语言学》题库112及满分答案一、单选题（共 20 道试题，共 60 分。

）1. ______ are the features found over a segment or a sequence of two or more segments are called.A. distinctive featuresB. non-distinctive featuresC. suprasegmental featuresD. free variation正确答案：C2. Morphologically, Chinese is a(n) ____language.A. analyticB. syntheticC. agglutinatingD. inflecting正确答案：A3. A ______ is a minimal distinctive linguistic unit.A. morphemeB. wordC. phonemeD. allophones正确答案：C4. （Watt ）is a measurement unit of electricity. （为括号部分的单词选择相对应的构词法）A. Sound ReduplicationB. CoinageC. EponymD. Clipping正确答案：C5. When linguists write grammars or exicographers compile dictionaries they must use __________.A. natural languageB. artificial languageC. metalanguageD. mother language正确答案：C6. vet （为下列单词选择相对应的构词法）A. Sound ReduplicationB. CoinageC. EponymD. Clipping正确答案：D7. [u:] possesses the features _____________.A. [+high][+back][+round][-tense]B. [+high][-back][+round][+tense]C. [+high][+back][+round][+tense]D. [-high][+back][+round][+tense]正确答案：C8. The majority of English ____ change the part of speech when added to free morpheme or word.A. prefixesB. infixesC. suffixesD. morphemes正确答案：C9. The language used to talk about language is called ______.A. metalanguageB. artificial languageC. natural languageD. language正确答案：A10. In more detailed transcription (sometimes referred to as narrow transcription), a sound may be transcribed with a symbol to which a smaller symbol is added in order to mark the finer distinctions. The smaller one is called ____________.A. segmentB. phonetic symbolC. markerD. diacritic正确答案：A11. （Tick- tuck）is the sound by a clock（为括号部分的单词选择相对应的构词法）A. Sound ReduplicationB. CoinageC. EponymD. Clipping正确答案：A12. In Modern linguistics __________ language is regarded as premier.A. writtenB. spokenC. standardD. formal正确答案：B13. may be defined as the scientific study of language.A. MorphologyB. LinguisticsC. PhonologyD. Phonetics正确答案：B14. In the phrases a herd of cattle, a flock of sheep, both cattle and sheep contain _____ morphemes.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four正确答案：B15. blackboard（为下列单词选择相对应的构词法）A. ConversionB. BackformationC. BlendingD. Compounding正确答案：D16. _______ is defined as the study of the internal structure and the formation of words .A. MorphologyB. SyntaxC. LexiconD. Morpheme正确答案：A17. I like to have （brunch） quite often. （为括号部分的单词选择相对应的构词法）A. ConversionB. BackformationC. BlendingD. Compounding正确答案：C18. The road was （enlarged ）the year before the last. （为括号部分的单词选择相对应的构词法）A. DerivationB. ConversionC. BackformationD. Blending正确答案：A19. ______ is a process that puts an existing word of one class into another class.A. ConversionB. AbbreviationC. EponymsD. Blending正确答案：A20. Natural languages that are used to break the barrier of communication between nations are called __________.A. world lingua francasB. EsperantoC. official languagesD. foreign languages正确答案：A二、判断题（共 20 道试题，共 40 分。

东师15春《英语语言学》题库及满分答案

东师15春《英语语言学》题库及满分答案、单选题（共 10 道试题，共 25 分。

）1. In a communicative syllabus, the objective of teachinga foreign language is developing learner’s ______.A. linguistic competenceB. Communicative competenceC. grammatical competenceD. sociolinguistic competence正确答案：B2. In China, foreign language teaching is composed of activities on four levels, the first of which is ______.A. operation in the classroomB. preparationC. educational planning.D. evaluation正确答案：C3. 1. ______ is an official document that determines the content and principles of teaching and learning authoritatively. A. A syllabus B. A textbookC. An educational planD. A test正确答案：A4. What maxis of the cooperative principle does the following sentence flout? A: Is Don Regan, the White House chief of staff, a feudist? B: Don Regan, 66, is not a feudist, but he is not as well as his predecessor [James] Baker. Somehow,the adjective “ruthless” invariably arises when Regan discussed. A. QualityB. Quantity C. Relation D. Manner 正确答案：D5. refers to a statement in which you unnecessarily say the same thing twice using different words, for example, “He sat alone by himself”. A. TautologyB. Rhetorical deviceC. Truth conditionD. Prototype正确答案：A6. _____ is the approximate language system that the learner constructs for use in communication through the target language. A. Metalanguage B. Interlanguage C. SignD. Esperanto正确答案：B7. The term ______ is used for less drastic difference restricted to variation in pronunciation. A. sociolect B. dialectC. geographical dialectD. accent正确答案：D8. ______ is the label given to the form of a language used by any group of speakers or used in a particular field.A. varietyB. registerC. dialectD. Creole正确答案：A9. British English and American English are ______ varieties of the English language. A. functional B. social C. regional D. standard正确答案：C10. ______ is/are used most widely in a community. A. SociolectsB. regional dialectsC. The standard varietyD. Registers正确答案：C、判断题（共 30 道试题，共 75 分。

2008东北师大英语专业考研基础_语言学_

学科专业：外国语言学及应用语言学考试科目：英语专业基础考试时间：2008年1月20日下午说明：所有试题答案均需写在答题纸上，写在本试卷上的一律无效。

第一部分：语言学I. Fill in the blank with an appropriate linguistic term. (15 points)1. The most striking feature of human language is __________, which means that an infinitely large numberof sentences can be constructed out of a finite set of rules.2. If a phoneme is realized by more than one sounds in different phonetic contexts, the sounds are called__________.3. When words are decomposed, the minimum meaningful constituents are __________.4. If a phrase or sentence can be interpreted in more than one ways, it is __________.5. The infinitude of language is due to the fact that the same syntactic rules can be applied again and again.This is called __________.6. If a sound segment copies the feature of a neighboring sound in speech it is said to be __________.7. According to Chomsky’s theory of syntax, phrase structure rules and lexicon generate the deep structure ofthe sentence, which will undergo __________ before the surface structure appears.8. Both transformational-generative grammar and systemic-functional grammar are theoretical grammars,while traditional grammar is a __________ grammar.9. Modern linguistics differ from earlier studies of language in that it is __________, in other words, modernlinguistics attempt to find out objectively the universals of human language or the regularities of a specific language.10. __________ is an interdiscipline that studies the relation between language and the mind.11. Pragmatics is different from semantics because it studies meaning in __________.12. Both phonetics and phonology analyze speech sounds, but the latter studies sound __________ and__________.13. Politician and statesman are similar in meaning, but they are different in __________.14. According to Halliday, language plays three functions, they are __________, __________ and__________.15. In the metaphor “marriage is a journey,” the __________ domain is travelling.II. Transcribe the initial sound of the word and then describe it. (10 points)Example: funny: [f] voiceless labiodental fricative1. psycholinguistics: __________ ____________________2. amplify: __________ ____________________3. church: __________ ____________________4. phonology: __________ ____________________5. organization: __________ ____________________6. hasty: __________ ____________________7. chemical: __________ ____________________8. mnemonic: __________ ____________________9. youth: __________ ____________________10. thrifty: __________ ____________________III. Write three words that share the given feature. (10 points)Example: voiceless: [s] [f] [p]1. tense:2. round:3. palatal:4. labial:5. nasal:6. velar:7. back:8. front:9. aspirated10. alveolarIV. Write the number of the morphemes of the word and then point out how the word is formed if it is composed of more than one morpheme. (10 points)Example: bookstore: 2 compounding1. stepsister: __________ __________2. occupation: __________ __________3. brainwash: __________ __________4. motel: __________ __________5. faster: __________ __________6. finger: __________ __________7. fridge: __________ __________8. troublesome: __________ __________9. roasted: __________ __________10. impossibility: __________ __________V. Write four phrase structure rules of English based on the sentences (a) to (g). (12 points)(a) People work.(b) Women like it.(c) Young men play the game.(d) The boy goes to school.(e) The little boy sells newspapers.(f) The little boy delivers local papers to every household.(g) He went to the city.S →NP →VP →PP →VI. Draw two phrase markers (tree diagrams) to illustrate the structural ambiguity of sentence (h). (8 points)(h) They can fish.VII. Pick out the word in each group that does not share the semantic feature(s) with the others and write it in your answer sheet. (10 points)1. melon apple pear apricot plum2. truck sledge cart car van3. alive married absent fast female4. walk run swim hop jog5. temple charity sincerity bravery fear6. parrot peacock penguin swallow sparrow7. lemon carrot cabbage cucumber tomato8. gun knife sword pistol handgrenade9. stool fan chair couch bed10. chick kitten calf hen duckling pigletVIII. Answer the question about the conversation. (10 points)1. A: This is a nonsmoking car, sir.B: Sorry. (extinguishing his cigarette)Question: What is the illocution of A’s utterance?2. A: Don’t you think the hostess is a bit odd today?B: Do you want another glass of beer?Question: What maxim of the politeness principle is violated in B’s response?（注：原文如此，疑似有误，我认为这里应该问的是cooperation principle – icywarmtea）3. A: The play is wonderful, isn’t it?B: The theme is significant.Question: What maxim of the politeness principle is observed in B’s reply?4. A: I bet you 100 dollars that the Bulls will win this game?B: Oh, do you?Question: What kind of utterance of A’s according to Austin’s theory of speech act?（注：原文如此——icywarmtea）5. A: Are you going out this afternoon?B: No.A: Can I borrow your bike?B: O.K.Question: What is A’s first utterance called?IX. Write a short essay (approximately 130-150 words) expressing your view on the two interpretations of Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis, namely linguistic determinism and linguistic relativism. (15 points)第二部分：英语国家概况I. Answer the following questions and write your answers in the answer sheet provided. (20 points)1. What are the contributions of the Norman Conquest? (3 points)2. What is the significance of the American Civil War? (3 points)3. Describe the characteristics of the British economy. (4 points)4. Name three most influential newspapers in the United States of America. (3 points)5. How do you understand “The members of the stronger party in the House of Commons are reallaw-makers.” (3 points)6. What are the geographical features of the United States of America? (4 points)第三部分：翻译I. Translate the following paragraph from English into Chinese. (15 points)It seems that as if a great deal were attainable in a world where there are so many marriages and decisive battles, and where we all, at certain hours of the day, and with great gusto and dispatch, stow a portion of victuals finally and irretrievably into the bag which contains us. And it would seem also, on a hasty view, that the attainment of as much as possible was the one goal of man’s contentious life. And yet, as regards the spirit, this is but a semblance. We live in an ascending scale where we live happily, one thing leading to another in an endless series. There is always a new horizon for onward-looking men, and although we dwell on a small planet, immersed in petty business and not enduring beyond a brief period of years, we are so constituted that our hopes are inaccessible, like stars, and the term of hoping is prolonged until the term of life.II. Translate the following paragraph from Chinese into English. (15 points)白蛇传本事白蛇乃天上之精灵，因思凡下山，变成美女白素贞，与伺女小青（青蛇化身）居于杭州。

东师15春《英语语言学》题库44及满分答案

东师15春《英语语言学》题库44及满分答案一、单选题（共 20 道试题，共 50 分。

）1. She knew it was that that had given her the___________________.A. palpitationsB. shillingsC. clackingD. cretonne正确答案：A2. In fact it was this silence that ________ all the last moments of our climb.A. dominatingB. dominatedC. dominatesD. dominate正确答案：B3. It seemed she had a private breeze which ________ around, cooling her.A. swirlingB. swirlC. swirlsD. swirled正确答案：D4. They lived, in bitter ________, to see the establishment they had overthrown replaced by a new one.A. illusionB. disillusionC. disillusionmentD. illusions正确答案：C5. I held the paper sack with his cookies in my arms________ by the poems.A. trailedB. meadC. essenceD. shieled正确答案：D6. It is true that one can write nothing readable unless one constantly struggles to ________ one’s own personality.A. effaceB. oundC. betrayD. ruin正确答案：A7. It takes the human voice to ________ them with the shades of deeper meaning.A. refuseB. confuseC. infuseD. refusing正确答案：C8. I stare at the ________ blank paper until sights and sounds become dim and confused.A. reproachB. approachC. reproachfullyD. approachfully正确答案：C9. But women ________ in the lower-paying, menial, unrewarding, dead-end jobs.A. dominatedB. predominateC. rankD. homemaker正确答案：B10. The are prime victims of dishonest door-to-door salesman and __________ advertising, and buy defective hearing aids, dance lessons, useless "Medicare insurance supplements".A. diagnosticB. fraudulentC. adversityD. penalize正确答案：B11. A man was not stamped as a ___________ for protesting against vivisection.A. ironB. triumphC. crankD. imbecile正确答案：C12. Jim Binns wrote me about some of his __________.A. skepticismB. misgivingC. misgivingsD. contemporaries正确答案：C13. There were food shortages and other _______________ during the Civil War.A. discrepantB. multitudeC. deprivationsD. accumulation正确答案：C14. We may fail to see how a ___________ Deity could wish us to draw such conclusions from the hierarchical order He has created.A. objectiveB. benevolentC. sentimentD. scruple正确答案：B15. She liked its huge, barnlike, inhuman ___________, its corridors shoulder-high in dark green, shoulder-to-ceiling in pale peppermint.A. bleaknessB. accessibilityC. beretD. frizzy16. It only took me an hour to pick up the __________ of skiing.A. populaceB. stalkingC. omnipotenceD. rudiments正确答案：D17. Do you think it‘s within his ___________ to (= Do you think he‘ll be able to) do the job without making a mess of it?A. capacityB. terminologyC. bathD. term正确答案：A18. I have tried to search behind the sophistication of years for the ________ I so easily found in those gifts.A. enchantB. enchantmentC. enchantingD. enchanted19. We were hoping to ___________ these difficult decisions until September.A. set offB. stave offC. take offD. give off正确答案：B20. Unfair employment practices are enforced instead of ________.A. evadedB. evadeC. invadedD. invade正确答案：A二、判断题（共 20 道试题，共 50 分。

2022年东北师范大学英语专业基础语言学考研真题和答案

2022年东北师范大学英语专业基础语言学考研真题和答案2022年东北师范大学外国语学院《英语专业基础（语言学）》考研全套内容简介•东北师范大学外国语学院《英语专业基础（语言学）》历年考研真题汇总（含部分答案）•全国名校英语语言学考研真题详解说明：本部分收录了本科目近年考研真题，并提供了答案及详解。

其中，部分考研真题提供了视频讲解，从考查知识点、试题难度、相关考点等方面进行全方位的讲解。

此外提供了相关院校考研真题，以供参考。

2．教材教辅•胡壮麟《语言学教程》（第5版）笔记和考研真题详解•胡壮麟《语言学教程》（第5版）配套题库【考研真题精选＋章节题库】说明：以上为本科目参考教材配套的辅导资料。

•试看部分内容第一部分考研真题精选一、填空题1. Ch o m s ky p ro po se s th at th e co u r se o f l an gu age a cquisition is determined by a(n) _____language faculty.（中山大学2018研）【答案】innate查看答案【解析】乔姆斯基认为语言习得的过程是由人的内在语言机制决定的。

2. _____ refers to the role language plays in communicati o n(e.g. to e x pre ss i de as, at ti tu de s) o r i n parti cu l a r social situations (e.g. Religious, legal).（北二外2016研）【答案】Fun ctio n查看答案【解析】本题考查语言学中对“语言的功能”的定义。

功能指的是语言在沟通中(例如表达观点、态度)或在特定社交场合(如宗教、法律)中所起的作用。

3. Hum an langu age is arbi trary. Thi s re fe rs to the f actth at th e re i s no l o gi cal o r i n tri n si c con ne cti on be tween a particul ar so un d an d the _____i t i s asso ci ate d wi t h.（人大2007研）【答案】me aning查看答案【解析】索绪尔认为符号的形式或声音与其意义之间没有逻辑联系，所以两者之间的关系是任意的。

北语考研语言学复试题及答案

北语考研语言学复试题及答案一、名词解释1. 语言变异：指的是语言在不同社会群体、地域、语境中所表现出的差异。

变异可以是语音、词汇、语法等方面的。

2. 社会语言学：研究语言与社会之间的关系，包括语言变异、语言态度、语言政策等。

3. 语言习得：指个体从出生开始，通过与周围环境的互动，逐渐掌握一种或多种语言的过程。

4. 语言接触：不同语言或方言的使用者在交流过程中，语言元素相互影响的现象。

二、简答题1. 描述语言的任意性特征，并举例说明。

语言的任意性是指语言符号与其所指对象之间没有必然的、自然的联系，这种关系是社会约定俗成的。

例如，“猫”这个词在中文中指代一种动物，而在英语中则用“cat”表示，两者之间没有直接的逻辑联系。

2. 简述语音学中的音位和音素的区别。

音位是语音学中用来区分词义的最小语音单位。

音素则是构成音位的实际发音单元。

音位是抽象的，而音素是具体的。

例如，在英语中，“p”和“b”是不同的音位，因为它们可以区分词义，如“pat”和“bat”，但它们可能由相同的音素/p/和/b/发出。

三、论述题1. 论述语言的社会功能。

语言不仅是沟通的工具，它还具有多种社会功能。

首先，语言是社会交流的媒介，使人们能够分享信息和情感。

其次，语言是文化传承的载体，它记录和传播了人类的历史、知识和价值观。

此外，语言也是社会身份的标志，通过语言的使用可以表达个人的社会地位、地域归属和群体认同。

四、案例分析分析以下对话中的语言变异现象，并讨论其社会语言学意义。

- 甲：你今天去图书馆了吗？- 乙：去了，但是没找到那本书。

在这段对话中，甲乙两人使用了不同的语言风格。

甲使用了较为正式的语言，而乙则使用了较为口语化的语言。

这种变异反映了语言在不同社会语境中的使用差异。

社会语言学认为，语言变异是社会结构和个体身份的一种体现，它揭示了语言与社会群体之间的关系。

五、综合题1. 请结合实际例子，讨论语言习得过程中的关键期假说。

关键期假说认为，儿童在某个特定时期内学习语言的能力最强，这个时期通常被认为是从出生到青春期。

2021东北师范大学外国语言学及应用语言学考研参考书真题经验

东北师范大学外国语言学及应用语言学考研经验考研其实是一件非常枯燥和艰辛的过程，这段时间也非常感谢high研APP 的伙伴们的鼓励和支持，没有你们我可能都坚持不下来。

只有一个建议：选择自己喜欢且擅长的，剩下要做的就是朝着这个方向努力啦。

关于初试一、参考书及资料政治：肖秀荣精讲精练，肖秀荣1000题，肖秀荣历年真题，李凡政治新时器，肖秀荣四套卷，八套卷，时政小册子，风中劲草德语：德语四级练习册，新编大学德语教材前三册，东师真题专业课：杨忠语言学，杨忠对应练习册，胡壮麟语言学（没看完），英语国家概况（下册没看），星火语言学，东师真题基础英语：精读56册，专八阅读，东师真题二、各科准备情况1.政治由于我高中是理科生，政治几乎是零基础，所以还是花费了很多时间在政治上面的。

马克思不懂的那部分看看加深一下理解，最开始看的是政治新时器和配套的1000题，1000题能做几遍是几遍，虽然到最后也有很多记不住，但我觉得做题能加深我的记忆。

不赞同买好多本习题册，一本书看得精比看好多本书有用多了。

到了后期可以看看风中劲草，有人是直接背，我剩的时间很少，就只是把做题中不会的知识点给看了。

大题就只是背了肖四，还是就剩几天才背的（心痛的回忆呀），全押中了也是幸运哈哈哈！第一轮的复习，是最为基础的复习。

刚开始，不需要给自己的复习太大压力，主要的任务是熟悉考点。

政治学科和其他学科不同，不必要静下来来看很长时间书才开始做题。

政治科目的复习，可以把看书和做题交叉在一起，配套进行。

边看书边做题，通过做题来强化自己看书的效果。

能够做到熟知考点，遇到考点不觉得陌生，就可以了。

这一轮的复习，建议以单项选择题为主，因为多项选择题需要有一定知识积累才能开始做题。

第二轮的复习，可谓是最艰难的。

经过一轮对知识点的熟悉，处在夹生半熟的状态。

多项选择题刚好可以检测知识点的复习情况。

这一轮的复习，是最为关键的。

在政治选择题中，最为关键的就是多项选择题，分值高、难度大，要想拿到不错的分数，务必好好练习。

东师《英语语言学16秋在线作业2

东师《英语语⾔学16秋在线作业2东北师范⼤学东师英语语⾔学16秋在线作业2⼀、单选题（共20 道试题，共60 分。

）1. ____ is a process that creates new words by putting together non-morphemic parts of existing words. A well-known example is smog (smoke and fog).A. BindingB. blendingC. blessingD. blooming正确答案：2. The ____________ function (sometimes also referred to as experiential function) is realized by the transitivity system of language.A. ideationalB. interpersonalC. textualD. logical正确答案：3. The features which are found over a segment or a sequence of two or more segments are called ________.A. distinctive featuresB. non-distinctive featuresC. suprasegmental featuresD. free variation正确答案：4. ______ is a term widely used to refer to varieties according to use in sociolinguistics.A. RegisterB. DialectC. TenorD. Variety正确答案：5. ______ is a minimal pair.A. moon/noonB. foot/food正确答案：6. The study of meaning is defined as___________.A. linguisticsB. semanticsC. morphologyD. pragmatics正确答案：7. Traditionally, free morphemes were called _________.A. affixesB. prefixC. suffixD. root正确答案：8. The road was （enlarged ）the year before the last. （为括号部分的单词选择相对应的构词法）A. DerivationB. ConversionC. BackformationD. Blending正确答案：9. The syllabic unit made up by the ____ is called a rhyme.A. onset + nucleusB. nucleus + codaC. onset + codaD. coda + onset正确答案：10. The word “multinationality” has ______ morphemes.A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 5正确答案：11. The study of language in general is often termed ____.B. general linguisticsC. functional linguisticsD. pragmatics正确答案：12. In Modern linguistics __________ language is regarded as premier.A. writtenB. spokenC. standardD. formal正确答案：13. ______ is a term widely used in sociolinguistics to refer to varieties according to use.A. RegisterB. DialectD. Variety正确答案：14. theory holds the opinion that a linguistic sign derives its meaning from that which refers to something in the reality.A. SemanticB. ReferentialC. RepresentationalD. Reflected正确答案：15. ______ is a variety of a language spoken by people living in an area.A. A social dialectB. A regional dialectC. The standard varietyD. A functional variety正确答案：16. specifies ______.A. all the fricativesB. all the fricatives and glidesC. all the fricatives and liquidsD. all the fricatives, liquids and glides正确答案：17. vet （为下列单词选择相对应的构词法）C. EponymD. Clipping正确答案：18. ____________is a process that creates new words by dropping a real or supposed suffix. Edit was originally backformed from editor, and peddle from peddler.A. InformationB. backformulaC. backformationD. backformative正确答案：19. Analysis of ______ necessarily involves the interpretation of what people do through language in a particular context.A. intentional meaningB. conventional meaningC. syntactic meaningD. semantic meaning正确答案：20. The following dialogue flout ________ maxis of the cooperative principle.A: Do you know the great writers of the 19th century? B: Oh yes, they are all dead.B. QuantityC. RelationD. Manner正确答案：英语语⾔学16秋在线作业2⼆、判断题（共20 道试题，共40 分。

2021年东北师大学科英语初试真题 333+ 844(回忆版)

2021 硕士研究生
初试试题
（回忆版）
（文档收集不易，谢谢支持！）
333教育综合:简答10分，论述20分
1.简述中小学常用德育原则
2.简述生产力对教育的制约作用
3.论述教育的政治功能和经济功能（结合案例）
4.论述马克思人的全面发展学说内容和意义（联系实际）
5.简述科举制对学校教育的影响
6.论述中体西用思想的内容和历史作用
7.简述中世纪大学的主要成就和影响
8.论述赞科夫教学理论主要内容和影响
9.简述规范学习的心理过程
10.论述教育心理学在研究内容上的新趋势
844英语教学专业基础:记不全啦凑合看看欢迎补充
语言学部分:
㈠九个填空
㈡四个名词:sense, immediate constituent analysis, communicative implicature,
㈢简答①
②解释，一个句子不是各个部分意思的总和。

教学法部分:
㈣四个名词:process syllabus, integrative motivation, interactive model, think-aloud techniques
㈤简答，你觉得group work在speaking教学中有没有效？那肯定有啊，然后问有什么优点。

㈥评价一个教学设计: 给了一个活动设计，主题是学习英语的问题和建议，形式是group work, 还给了一些句式。

㈦教学设计:给了一个阅读材料，问如何进行德育，材料内容就是
郎平和乔丹多么牛b然后遇到困难怎么坚持克服不放弃。

这个题我理解成设计个阅读活动，然后渗透德育情感目标。

东北师范大学英语考研复试语言学真题

东北师范大学英语考研复试语言学真题2013年外国语言学及应用语言学复试题满分100分一填空（10题，一道2分，共20分）（有的题是大概的意思）1. I eated too much. according to error analysis, it belongs to ____.2. Speech Act Theory was proposed by_____.3. The _____ School studied the system of language and the function of language.4. ____ refers to the same words which have many meanings.5. Interlanguage contains field, mode and ___6. There are 3 classes of theory towards SLA ______,environmentalist and functionalist.7. Referential meaning also called ____meaning8. The semantic feature of these words "pine,elm,willow,birch,polar" is _____9.Such words as " pot, oven, knife,ladle,napkin"not belong toa prototype of category which is ____10. "waistcoat"is from British English while its American English is _____.二term （4题，一道5分，共20分）11.parole 12. entailment 13. conventional meaning 14. conversational implicature三paraphrase （3题，一道5分，共15分）15. The chicken is too hot to eat16. Flying planes can be dangerous17. I saw him on the bus四写出下列句子的Presupposition（5题，一道3分，共15分）18. Did their team win his year's African Cup finals?19.Their team win this year's African Cup finals.20.Mary didn't see the horse with two head.21. Ambraham Lincoln was assassinated in 1865.22. Would you please try it again?五大题（一道10分，共30分）1. Write two dialogues about preference structure,and give explanation and illustrate it2.How to understand the sentence “ In successful communication, what is actually said is only the tip of iceberg.”3. the factors of SLA以上是专业复试笔试，下面我来介绍下法语面试和专业面试的准备：关于法语面试：（3-5分钟左右吧）首先：一定要准备自我介绍，记住，自我介绍的内容无需太过繁琐，可说你的姓名，毕业于或将要毕业于哪所学校，我的兴趣是。

东北师范大学语言学考试题库

I. Brief Introduction of Linguistics1. Why is linguistics a vast field of study?Linguistics is a broad field of study, because language is a complicated entity with many layers and facets. It is hardly possible for a linguist to deal with all aspects of language at once. There are a number of divisions of linguistics, which can be put into two categories.1) Intra-disciplinary divisions: the study of language in general is often termed general linguistics. It is based on the view that language as a system is composed of three aspects: sound, structure and meaning.2) Inter-disciplinary divisions:a) Sociology deals with language and culture.b) Psycholinguistics deals with the relation between language and mindc) Applied linguistics is concerned with the application of linguistic theories and descriptions in other fields.All above three belong to sociolinguistics.2. How is linguistics different from traditional grammar?1) Traditional grammar is prescriptive, while modern linguistics is descriptive.2) Traditional grammatical categories are merely based on European language, while modern linguisticsstudies all languages.3) Traditional grammar lacks a theoretical framework, while modern linguistics is theoretically rather thanpedagogically oriented.3. What are the two main schools of contemporary western linguistics? What are the fundamental differences between them?TG grammar v.s systematic-functional grammarTG based on UG, studies the general principles while systematic-functional grammar studies language functions.4. On what basis do linguists regard human language as species-specific (unique to humans)? Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication. Many philosophers and linguists believe that language is unique to man. Language is a human trait that sets us apart from other living creatures. They spell out a number of features of language which are not found in animal communication systems. These features: creativity, duality, arbitrariness, displacement, cultural transmission, interchangeability and reflexivity. These are universal features possessed by all human languages. Although some animal communication systems possess, to a very limited degree, one or another of these features except creativity and duality, none is found to have all the features. On this basis linguists tend to conclude that human languages are qualitatively different form animal communication systems.5. What is the difference between linguistic competence and communicative competence?The term linguistic competence is applied to account for a speaker’s knowledge of his language. While communicative competence is proposed to account for both the tacit knowledge of language and the ability to use it. There are four parameters that underlie a speaker’s communicative competence, namely the ability to judge: Whether (and to what degree) something is feasible/appropriate/formally possible/in fact done.II. Phonetics 语音学1. How are speech sounds described?The study of speech sounds is phonetics which includes 3 parts: 1) articulatory phonetics 2) acoustic phonetics 3) auditory phonetics.Articulatory phonetics is the primary concern in linguistics, in which speech sound is described within 3 sides: The description of consonants: a) place of articulation b) manners of articulation c) voicing d) aspirationThe description of vowels: a) monophthongs b) diphthongs c) lip rounding d) tensityIn more detailed transcription (sometimes referred to as narrow transcription), a sound may be transcribed with a symbol to which a smaller symbol is added in order to mark the finer distinctions. The smaller one is called diacritic.2. What are the two classes of phonetic features? What is the fundamental difference?The two classes of phonetic features are distinctive features and non-distinctive features. Features thatdistinguish meaning are called distinctive features, in other words, those distinguishing phonemes. Non-distinctive features do not distinguish meanings, i.e. the features belong to allophones. However, whether a phonetic feature is distinctive or non-distinctive varies from one language to another language.III. Phonology 音位学1.Analyze the two English sound segments [t] and [t h], [k] and [k h], [p] and[p h] in terms of distribution and the phonetic feature that distinguishes them.[t] and [t h], [k] and [k h], [p] and [p h] are the allophones of the same phoneme /t/, /k/, /p/. They are in complementary distribution and share phonetic features.[t] is an unaspirated voiceless alveolar stop; [t h] is an aspirated voiceless alveolar stop[k] is an unaspirated voiceless velar stop; [k h] is an aspirated voiceless velar stop[p] is an unaspirated voiceless bilabial stop;[p h] is an aspirated voiceless bilabial stop/t/→ [t] / [voiceless, fricative, alveolar]_______[t h]/ elsewhere[k] and [k h], [p] and [p h] is the same as above.2.Analyze the change of feature concerning the vowels in "bean, time, farm" and generalize the rule. This rule is called nasalization, that is a vowel becomes nasalized before a nasal segment, possible followed by one or two consonants within a syllable.V →[+nasal] / ____ [+nasal]3.Analyze the relation of {im-}, {in-}, {ir-}, {il-} in English and generalize of their distribution.{im-}, {in-}, {ir-}, {il-} are the allomorphs of the same morpheme {in-},which represents the negative meaning as a prefix.{in-}→ {im-} / ________ [m,p, b] [bilabial stop, or nasal]{ir-} / _________ [r] [retroflex, alveolar]{il-} / _________ [l] [lateral, alveolar]{in-} / elsewhere4. How do you account for the relation between phonetics and phonology?1) Phonology and phonetics are both concerned with the study of speech sounds, but the two differ in perspectives.2) Phonetics, particularly articulatory phonetics, focuses on how speech sounds are produced, what phonetic features they have, and how to transcribe them. In phonetics, sound segments are assumed to be invariable; variations are overlooked.3) Phonology focuses on three fundamental questions. What sounds make up the list of sounds that can distinguish meaning in a particular language? What sounds vary in what ways in what context? What sounds can appear together in a sequence in a particular language?5. What are the functions of supra-segmental features?Supra-segmental features are distinctive features that can be found in units of syllables, words, phrases and sentences. They are stress, intonation and tone. Intonation and stress generally occur simultaneously in utterance. The simultaneous functioning of the features serves to highlight the information focus, or to eliminate ambiguity of the phrases and sentences. "a greenhouse" and "a green house", "Jack hit the ball under the desk".Tone is the variation of pitch to distinguish words. English is not a tone language, but Chinese is a typical tone language in which each of the four tones means four different words.6. Analyze the change of feature concerning the liquids and nasals in flight, snow, smart, pray and generalize the rule.Liquids /l/ /r/ appear after a voiceless consonant /f/ and /p/ respectively, they are devoiced.Nasals /n//m/ appear after a voiceless consonant /s/, they are devoiced.Rule: Devoice a voiced consonant after a voiceless consonant.Or:When the English liquids, glides and the two anterior nasals appear after a voiceless consonant, it is devoiced. This rule can be expressed as follows: devoice a voiced consonant after a voiceless consonant，that is, [+voiced+consonantal] [-voiced] / [-voiced+consonantal]-. The phonology /l/ /r/ belongs to liquids, and /m//n/ belong to anterior nasals. All these four are voiced consonant, but in these words, they change to the voiceless, for they appear after voiceless consonants.7. What is distinctive feature?Features that distinguish meaning are called distinctive features, in other words, just those distinguishing phonemes, such as [b] and [p] in the words between "big" and "pig".8. Analyze the relation of -er, -est and more, most in Englsih and generalize their distribution.They are in complementary distribution. -er and more, -est and most are allomorphs. More and most are put before adjectives and adverbs composed of two or more syllables.IV. Morphology 形态学1. What are the categories of lexical meaning?Lexical meaning includes:a) Referential meaning (also denotative meaning) is the central meaning and it is more stable and universal.b) Associative meanings. Associative meanings are meanings are meanings that hinge on referential meaning, which are less stable and more culture-specific.Types of associative meanings: connotative meaning, social meaning, affective meaning, reflected meaning,collective meaning2. How are words decomposed into their constituents?1) Words are composed of one or more than one morphemes.2) Morphemes are the smallest meaningful unit of language.3) A morpheme may be represented by different forms, called allomorphs.4) Morphemes can be categorized into 2 kinds. a) Free morphemes (they constitute words by themselves)b) bound morphemes (they are never used independently)5) Bound morphemes include inflectional morphemes and derivational morphemes.6) The distinction between a free morpheme and a bound morpheme is whether it can be used independently in speech or writing.V. Syntax 句法1.What are the aspects of syntactic knowledge?Knowing which strings of words are grammatical and which are not is part of syntactic knowledge. In addition, native speakers know at least the following:1) structural ambiguity---which strings of words have more than one meaning.2) word order---different arrangements of the same words have different meanings.3) grammatical relations---what element relates to what other element directly or indirectly4) recursion---the repeated use of the same rules to create infinite sentences5) sentence relatedness---sentences may be structurally variant but semantically related6) syntactic categories---a class of words or phrases that can substitute for one another without loss of grammaticality.2. How does transformational grammar (转换生成语法)account for sentence- relatedness?1) Sentence- relatedness: sentences may be structurally variant but semantically related.2) According to Chomsky, a grammar as the tacit shared knowledge of all speakers is a system of finite rules by which an infinite number of sentences can be generated. He attempts to account for this aspect of syntax by postulating that deep structures and surface structures.3) Deep structures are the basic structures generated by phrase structure rules.4) Surface structures are derived structures, the structures of sentences that we actually speak. Surface structures are derived from deep structures through transformational rules which include replacement, insertion, deletion and coping, etc.5) There are five transformations: particle movement transformation, replacement, insertion, deletion and copying.3. What is the advantage of immediate constituent analysis compared with traditional grammar?1) The concept of immediate constituent is an important concept of structural grammar, which is characterized by a top-down analysis. A sentence is seen as a constituent structure, i.e. all the components of the sentence are constituent. A sentence can be cut into sections. Each section is its immediate constituent. Then each section can be further cut into constituents. This on-going cutting is termed immediate constituent analysis.2) Traditional grammar mainly analyzes a sentence horizontally with a synthetic (bottom-up) approach. It focuses on the product of a sentence rather than the procedure. It is prescriptive in nature.3) Therefore, immediate constituent analysis adds a new dimension to the analysis of sentence structure. In this way, sentence structure is analyzed not only horizontally but also vertically. In other words, this way of syntactic analysis can account for the linearity and the hierarchy of sentence structure, and, therefore, structural ambiguity.4.What part of syntax can phrase structure rules account for and what they cannot?1) Phrase structure rules are rules that specify the constituents of syntactic categories.2) Deep structures are the basic structures generated by phrase structure rules, but the surface structures are derived from the deep structures, and is generated by transformational rules.3) All in all, phrase structure rules can account for structural ambiguity, word order, grammatical relations, recursion, and syntactic categories; but they cannot account for sentence relatedness.5. Analyze the sentence in terms of type of process, mood structure, and theme and rheme:The academician will address the issue of the legitimacy of cloning at the conference.1) It is the verbal process. In this sentence, the sayer is the academician, the receivers are the people at the conference though it is not mentioned but we can infer it from the sentence. The verbiage is the issue of the legitimacy of cloning.2) This sentence is the realization of linguistic interaction; it is the giving of information. Its syntactic form is statement. The subject is the academician; the finite is the verbal operator “will”.3) The constituent that stands for the starting-point for the message is termed theme; all the rest of the sentence is labeled rheme. In this sentence, the theme is the academician and “the issue of the legitimacy of cloning at the conference” is the rheme.VI. Semantics语义学1. What are the components of metaphor?Target domain and source domain are the components of metaphors. That is to say all metaphors are composed of two components. This allows us to understand one domain of experience in terms of another. The domain to be conceptualized is called target domain, while the conceptualizing domain is termed the source domain. The transference of properties of the source domain to the target domain is referred to by some cognitive linguistics as mapping. The source domain is concrete and familiar. The target domain is abstract and novel.2. Why is metaphor essential in cognition?Our linguistic knowledge is part of general cognition and linguistic categorization is a product of the human mind. According to this view, meaning is based on conventionalized conceptual structures. Semantic structure reflcects the mental categories which are formed on the basis of experiences. Metaphor is an essential element in our categorization of the world and our thinking process. Cognitive linguistics has shown that metaphor is not an unusual or deviant way of using language. The use of metaphor is not confined to literature, rhetoric and art. It is actually ubiquitous in everyday communication. Metaphors as linguistic expressions are possible precisely because there are metaphors in a person's conceptual systems.3. How is word meaning analyzed? And what are the limitations of the method of analysis?1) In modern linguistics, semanticists manifest that the sense of a word can be analyzed in terms of a set of more general sense components (or semantic properties/features). The approach that analyzes word meaning by decomposing it into its atomic features is called componential analysis (CA).2) The limitations of componential analysis are apparent. It cannot be applied to the analysis of all lexicons, merely to words within the same semantic field. It is controversial whether semantic features are universal prime of word meanings in all languages.3) Advantages: a. It is a breakthrough in the formal representation of meaning. Once formally represented,meaning components can be seen. b. It reveals the impreciseness of the terminology in the traditional approach to meaning analysis. CA examines the components of sense. The more semantic features a word has, the narrower its reference is.4. Analyze the semantic properties of the given cooking terms, using the features [+/- WATER], [+/-FAT], [+/- PAN], [+/- POT], [+/- OVEN], [+/- SIEVE], etc.boil: [+WATER] [-FAT] [- PAN] [+ POT] [- OVEN] [- SIEVE]fry: [- WATER] [+FAT] [+ PAN] [- POT], [- OVEN] [+SIEVE]steam: [+WATER] [-FAT] [- PAN] [+POT] [-OVEN] [- SIEVE]stew: [+WATER] [+FAT] [- PAN] [+ POT] [- OVEN] [- SIEVE]bake: [- WATER] [+FAT] [- PAN] [- POT] [+ OVEN] [- SIEVE]5. Analyze the semantic differences of father and daddy in the given sentences, using Leech's classification of lexical meanings.It is easy for every man to be a father, but not to be a daddy.They differ in affective meaning. Affective meaning is what is communicated of the feeling or attitude of the speaker or writer toward what is referred to. "Father" is commending in sense while "daddy" is rich in passion.6. Analyze the difference between summon and call in terms of register.Register refers to varieties according to use. Summon is a formal word, used in court of law to order sb to appear, while call is widely used in daily life.7. Point out the semantic problem of the sentence “The orphan is staying with his parents.”There are some sentences which sound grammatical but meaningless. The sentence "the orphan is staying with his parents” is just one example. This sentence is always false which is called contradiction. An orphan is a child whose parents are dead, or a child who has been deprived of parental care. The theme (the orphan) and the rheme (is staying with his parents) are incompatible.VII. Pragmatics 语用学1.Write 3 sentences, each of which contains it in either euphoric reference or endothermic reference(anaphoric or cataphoric)1) It is rather foggy these days."It" here refers to the weather. It is an euphoric reference, referring to the word outside linguistic forms.2) It is so far hard to tell how many lives are claimed in the catastrophe."It" refers to the following expression "how many lives are claimed in the catastrophe", which is a linguistic form. Thus, it is an endothermic reference, specifically, cataphoric reference.3) The most powerful earthquakes triggered massive tidal waves that slammed into coastlines across Asia yesterday. It killed over 30,000 people in Sri Lanka, Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia, Myanmar, Bangladeshand Maldives."It" refers to the preceding expression that "massive tidal waves slammed into coastlines across Asia yesterday". Therefore, it is an endothermic reference, specifically, anaphoric reference..2. Point out the maxim flouted and the implicature of B `s utterance:A: Did you notice something odd between the host and hostess?B: Have another glass of beer?The maxim of relation is violated. The implicature of B’s utterance: the hearer doesn’t want to gossip about those people.3. Point out the degree of formality of:It is gratifying that cooperative program has been proceeding smoothly. Degree of formal4. Analyze the ambiguity of the two sentences, telling the difference:1) Flying planes can be dangerous.2) She cannot bear children.1) a. The behavior of flying planes can be dangerous.b. Planes which are flying can be dangerous.2) a. She cannot tolerate children.b. She cannot give birth to a baby..c. she can not carry a child.★How do you account for the relation between semantics and pragmatics.They are two separate fields. Both study meaning, but semantics studies the conventional meaning of a word while pragmatics studies the international meaning, the meaning in use. Semantics is bilateral while pragmatics is trilateral. Semantics studies the relationship between sign and meaning, but pragmatics studies the sign, meaning and user.VIII. Sociolinguistics 社会语言学1. How do sociolinguists classify the varieties of English?1) The term variety is the label given to the form of a language used by any group of speakers or used in a particular field. A variety is characterized by the basic lexicon, phonology, syntax shared by members of the group. Varieties of a language are of four types: the standard variety, regional dialects, sociolects and registers.2) The standard variety is the form of a language used by the government and communication media, taught in schools and universities and is the main or only written form.3) A regional dialect is a variety of a language spoken by people living in an area. For example, the English language has many regional dialects. British English, American English, Australian English. Indian English, South African English, etc. are all regional varieties of the language. One dialect is distinctive from another phonologically, lexically and grammatically.2. Analyze the cause of the error that some Chinese speakers of English use although and but within one sentence.In the process of analyzing learners' language, error analysis is a milestone. Explaining errors is the final but very important step in error analysis. In terms of sources, errors are divided into interlingual errors and intralingual errors. Interlingual errors are caused by mother tongue interference which means the negative role one's knowledge of L1 to L2 learning. In Chinese, we can use “不但”，“而且”in the same sentence, so some Chinese speakers transfer this expression directly to English. But according t o English grammar, “although” and “but” can not appear in the same sentence. This phenomenon is a kind of negative transfer of learners' syntactic knowledge. This is a typical phenomenon of interference in learning.。

东师15春《英语语言学》题库33及满分答案

东师15春《英语语言学》题库33及满分答案一、单选题（共20道试题，共50分。

）1. Newspapers _______ against him, and TV networks banned him.A. editB. editorC. editorialD. editorialized正确答案：D2. You are moved to pity, exciteme nt, or______________ .A. gaietyB. costumeC. simulta neouslyD. engrossed正确答案：A3. We were hop ing to ___________ these difficult decisi ons un til September.A. set offB. stave offC. take offD. give off正确答案：B4. I worked so late in the office last night that I hardlyhad time ___ the last bus.A. to have caughtB. to catchC. catch ingD. hav ing caught正确答案：B5. I could see at once that the lock had bee n _________with.A. tamperedB. satiatedC. backedD. un frosted正确答案：A6. Televisi on sells us in sta nt ______ .A. gratifyB. gratitudeC. gratificati onD. grate正确答案：C7. ____________________________ I n fact it was this sile nee thatall the last mome nts of our climb.A. domin at ingB. domin atedC. domin atesD. domin ate正确答案：B8. Si nee every one we knew could sew _______ , praise was rarely han ded out for the com monly practiced craft.A. compete ntlyB. compete ntC. stitchD. apron like正确答案：A9. They ________ to follow him, eager to be touched by afew baptismal drops.A. tuneB. reactC. rebelD. surge正确答案：D10. We may fail to see how a __________ Deity could wishus to draw such conclusions from the hierarchical order He has created.A. objectiveB. ben evole ntC. sen time ntD. scruple正确答案：B11. It only took me an hour to pick up the _________ of skii ng.A. populaceB. stalki ngC. omni pote neeD. rudime nts正确答案：D12. This gifted woman's daughter (my wife) was taught her mother ' s __________ s kills.A. materialB. allegedC. gruesomeD. ven erable正确答案：D13. The soldiers had _________ barricades to protect themselves.A. erectedB. amplifiedC. con formedD. orda ined正确答案：A14. Medicare has ________ the populati on into reassuri ng itself that the once terrible financial burdens of late-lifeill nesses are now eradicated.A. morbidB. eapedC. toiledD. lulled正确答案：D15. After the rece nt sca ndal, the priest is expected todo the _______ thi ng and resig n from his positi on.A. decentB. celebratedC. wiltedD. bla nd正确答案：A16. It takes the huma n voice to ________ t hem with the shades of deeper meaning.A. refuseB. con fuseC. i nfuseD. refus ing正确答案：C17. A man was not stamped as a ____________ for protesting aga inst vivisecti on.A. ir onB. triumphC. crankD. imbecile正确答案：C18. When a local paper has a monopoly in a region, as most of them do, why is it n ecessary to aim at the lowest com mon_______ ?A. serviceB. featureC. denomin atorD. dispatch正确答案：C19. I ‘ m usually ____________ by beggars and drunks as I walk to the stati on.A. batteredB. raggedC. accostedD. terraced正确答案：C20. The vocabulary and grammatical differe nces betwee n British and American English are so trivial and few ashardly _ .A. no ticedB. to be no ticedC. being no ticedD. to no tice正确答案：B二、判断题（共20道试题，共50分。

东北师范大学2023年847语言学综合考研真题(回忆版)

东北师范大学2023年847语言学综合考研真题（回忆版）
1、试论述汉语的声韵拼合规律
2、试论述汉字的改革问题
3、论述词的结构类型
4、论述宾语的语义类型
5、结合实例分析古今字产生的原因
6、使动用法的归类（每类至少举一例）
7、分析字的本义的方法
8、结合实例试分析声训
9、翻译：日：“王如知此，则无望民之多于邻国也。

不违农时，谷不可胜食也；数罟不入湾池，鱼鳖不可胜食也；斧斤以时入山林，材木不可胜用也。

谷与鱼鳖不可胜食，材木不可胜用，是使民养生丧死无憾也。

养生丧死无憾，王道之始记。

”
10、给出了《曹刿请战》中“下视其辙登轼而望之”依据，指出专家对这句话的句读有不同意见，如“下，视其辙，登，轼而望之”、“下，视其辙，登轼而望之"，请说说你的看法。

11、结合实例说明古现汉语判断句的异同。

北师语言学考研真题及答案

北师语言学考研真题及答案一、选择题1. 下列哪项不是语言学研究的范畴？A. 语音学B. 语法学C. 词汇学D. 心理学答案：D2. 语言学中的“音素”是指：A. 语音的最小单位B. 语言中最小的意义单位C. 语言中最小的语法单位D. 语言中最小的书写单位答案：A3. 以下哪个选项是“同音异义词”的例子？A. 书（书籍）和书（书写）B. 书（书籍）和树（植物）C. 书（书籍）和输（输掉）D. 书（书籍）和梳（梳子）答案：C二、填空题4. 语言学的四大分支包括语音学、语法学、______和______。

答案：词汇学；语用学5. 语义学研究的是语言的______，而语用学研究的是语言的______。

答案：意义；使用三、简答题6. 简述语言的任意性原则。

答案：语言的任意性原则是指语言符号和它所代表的意义之间没有必然的、自然的联系，而是一种社会约定俗成的关系。

这一原则由索绪尔提出，强调了语言符号的任意性，即同一概念在不同语言中可能用完全不同的符号来表达。

7. 解释什么是“双重否定”以及它在不同语言中的表现。

答案：双重否定是指在句子中使用两个否定词来表达肯定意义的现象。

在某些语言中，如英语，双重否定会导致意义上的混淆，而在其他语言，如西班牙语或俄语中，双重否定则被接受并用来加强否定的语气。

四、论述题8. 论述现代语言学与传统语言学的主要区别。

答案：现代语言学与传统语言学的主要区别在于研究方法和理论框架。

传统语言学更侧重于语言的规范性和历史性，而现代语言学则采用更为科学的方法，关注语言的多样性、变化和发展。

现代语言学强调语言的功能性和使用性，使用结构主义、生成语法、认知语言学等多种理论来分析语言现象。

以上内容为模拟的北师语言学考研真题及答案，实际考试题目和答案可能会有所不同。

考生在准备考研时应以官方发布的考试大纲和真题为准，进行系统的复习和准备。

东北师范大学22春“英语”《英语语言学》作业考核题库高频考点版(参考答案)试题号1

东北师范大学22春“英语”《英语语言学》作业考核题库高频考点版（参考答案）一.综合考核(共50题)1.A natural language is a mixed language which has become the mother tongue of a speech community.()A、正确B、错误参考答案：B2.Immediate constituent analysis adds a new dimension to the analysis of sentence structure.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B3.The vibrating of the vocal cords when sounds produced is regarded as ____.A.VoicingB.voicedC.nasalizationD.aspiration参考答案：A4.Consonants can be described in terms of places of articulation, manners of articulation, and vibrating.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：AEnglish is not an example of SVO languages.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B6.Arbitrariness is the first and foremost striking feature of human language.()A、正确B、错误参考答案：B7.The ____________ function (sometimes also referred to as experiential function) is realized by the transitivity system of language.A、ideationalB、interpersonalC、textualD、logical参考答案：A8.____ is the first and foremost striking feature of human language.A、creativityB、arbitrarinessC、displacementD、interchangeability参考答案：A9.Arbitrariness is the first and foremost striking feature of human language.()A.错误B.正确10.Syntactically, Japanese is an isolating language.()A、正确B、错误参考答案：B11.A textbook is an official document that authoritatively determines the content and principles of teaching and learning.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：A12.A number of pisions of linguistics can be put into two categories: intra-disciplinary pisions and inter-disciplinary pisions.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B13.Semantics is the only discipline that studies meaning.()A、正确B、错误参考答案：B14.The term Creole is the label given to the form. of a language used by any group of speakers or used in a particular field.()A.错误参考答案：A15.The process that puts an existing word of one class into another class is ______.A、ConversionB、AbbreviationC、EponymsD、Blending参考答案：A16.The general roles language play are termed meta. grammar.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：A17.Some young people have (brunch) quite often. (为括号部分的单词选择相对应的构词法)A.DerivationB.BlendingC.BackformationD.Acronym参考答案：B18.The pioneering investigation done by William Labov in New York City in 1966 was to test accents among different groups of speakers.()A、正确B、错误参考答案：Bintentional meanings.()A、正确B、错误参考答案：A20.Krashen’s Monitor Theory belongs to nativist theories.()A、正确B、错误参考答案：A21.Age is an important factor in second language acquisition.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B22.refers to the process by which people use language to classify the world around and inside them.A.ApproachB.CategorizationC.PrototypeD.Cognition参考答案：B23.______ is the basic teaching unit in the structural syllabus.A、the wordB、the discourseC、the sentenceD、the text24.The voiceless bilabial stop in pin and the one in spin are in complementary distribution.()A、正确B、错误参考答案：A25.In more detailed transcription (sometimes referred to as narrow transcription), a sound may be transcribed with a symbol to which a smaller symbol is added in order to mark the finer distinctions. The smaller one is called ____________.A、segmentB、phonetic symbolC、markerD、diacritic参考答案：A26.impossible (为下列单词选择相对应的构词法)A.DerivationB.ConversionC.BackformationD.Blending参考答案：A27.[u:] possesses the features [+high][+back][+round][-tense].()A、正确B、错误参考答案：B28.B、CoinageC、EponymD、Clipping参考答案：C29.Pragmatics is defined as the study of meaning.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：A30.Language has the following features except ____.A.dualityB.productivityC.changeabilityD.displacement参考答案：C31.Language can be used to refer to things real or imagined, past, present or future because it has the feature of interchangeability.()A、正确B、错误参考答案：B32.The syllabus and the textbooks are prepared according to the social aim for teaching a language.()A、正确B、错误参考答案：A33.Code-switching refers to the fact that a speaker changes from one language to the other in different situations or when talking about different topics.()A、正确B、错误参考答案：A34.A phoneme is a minimal distinctive linguistic unit.()A、正确B、错误参考答案：A35.Orlon (为下列单词选择相对应的构词法)A.Sound ReduplicationB.CoinageC.EponymD.Clipping参考答案：B36.A ___________ is a mixed language which has become the mother tongue of a speech community.A、pidginB、creoleC、EsperantoD、natural language参考答案：B37.Creativity is one of the features of language.()A、正确参考答案：A38.A green bottle is a kind of fly.()A、正确B、错误参考答案：A39.The following are all suprasegmental features except ____.A、stressB、toneC、voicingD、intonation参考答案：C40.Pragmatics is concerned with conventional meaning.()A、正确B、错误参考答案：B41.Backformation is a process that puts an existing word of one class into another class.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：A42.Morphologically, Chinese is a(n) ____ language.A.analyticD.inflecting参考答案：A43.The term variety is the label given to the of a language used by any group of speakers or used in a particular field.()A、正确B、错误参考答案：A44.The Swiss scholar, Ferninand de Saussure, is the founder of Modern Linguistics.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B45.continuant specifies all the fricatives.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B46.infotech (为下列单词选择相对应的构词法)A.ConversionB.BackformationC.Blendingpounding参考答案：C书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她by the transitivity system of language.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B48.tick- tuck (为下列单词选择相对应的构词法)A、Sound ReduplicationB、CoinageC、EponymD、Clipping参考答案：A49.Morphology is defined as the study of the internal structure and the formation of words.()A、正确B、错误参考答案：A50.Pragmatics analysis is concerned with utterance meaning.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：A。