The Call of the Wild 野性的呼唤
The Call of the Wild(野性的呼唤)
Work summary(作品简介）. Artistic value（艺术价值）. Works of Enlightenment（作品的 启示）. Personal feeling(个人心得）.
Work summary
• "The call of the wild", also known as "the call of the wild" (The Call of the Wild), the America famous writer Jack London. Works with a dog experience shows the civilized world dog owner forced back to barbarism, writing is a dog, also reflects the people of the world. This has been in rapid removal of desire, dust: heavy sleep, wild return. Buck was judge of a dog's Miller, after a civilization, has been living in the south of California America a warm valley. After being sold to USA cold northern remote, gold rich Alaska, into a sled dog.
Artistic value
Combination of realism and romanticism of the perfect. Multiple themes.(1)natural inspiration.(2)The survival of the fittest principle.(3)The refraction of social life.(4)struggling spirit(5)humanitarian spirit The narrative angle of view multiple. Metaphor, symbolism.
高三英语高效课堂资料2.The call of the wild
高三英语高效课堂资料The Call of the Wild书名：野性的呼唤作者：杰克·伦敦简介：在加利福尼亚的家里,巴克过着安逸舒适的生活。
他是那儿最高大强壮的狗,地位举足轻重。
他和孩子们一同散步,在水中嬉戏,冬天的时候他就坐在主人的炉火边取暖。
但是在1897年,人们在育空河发现了金矿,他们需要像巴克这样的狗。
于是巴克被从家乡偷运到北方。
他在那里学会了拉雪撬,在冰天雪地中日复一日地跋涉。
他学会了偷食以慰饥肠,破冰取水解渴,还学会了反击来对付那些欺负他的狗。
而且他学得很快。
不久巴克成为了北方所有著名的拉雪撬的狗之一。
但是北部是狼群出没的森林,在那里他们对着明月长嗥。
野性的呼唤在巴克的梦中回响,越来越响亮……杰克·伦敦1876年生于旧金山,死于1916年。
他出身穷苦,在他短暂的一生中他有丰富的经历——海员、工人、育空河的淘金人、旅行家、记者和作家。
他写了很多书,但是其中以《野性的呼唤》和另一本写狗的书《白芳》,最广为流传。
1 To the northBuck did not read the newspapers. He did not know that trouble was coming for every big dog in California. Men had found gold in the Yukon, and these men wanted big, strong dogs to work in the cold and snow of the north.Buck lived in Mr. Miller's big house in the sunny Santa Clara valley There were large gardens and fields of fruit trees around the house, and a river nearby. In a big place like this, of course, there were many dogs There were house dogs and farm dogs, but they were not important. Buck was chief dog；he was born here, and this was his place .He was four years old and weighed sixty kilos .He went swimming with Mr. Miller's sons, and walking with his daughters .He carried the grandchildren on his back, and he sat at Mr. Miller's feet in front of the fire in winter.But this was 1897, and Buck did not know that men and dogs were hurrying to north-west Canada to look for gold. And he did not know that Manuel, one of Mr. Miller's gardeners, needed money for his large family. One day, when Mr. Miller was out, Manuel and Buck left the garden together. It was just an evening walk, Buck thought. No one saw them go, and only one man saw them arrive at the railway station. This man talked to Manuel, and gave him some money .Then he tied a piece of rope around Buck's neck.Buck growled, and was surprised when the rope was pulled hard around his neck. He jumped at the man. The man caught him and suddenly Buck was on his back with his tongue out of his mouth. For a few moments he was unable to move, and it was easy for the two men to put him into the train.When Buck woke up, the train was still moving. The man was sitting and watching him, butBuck was too quick for him and he bit the man's hand hard. Then the rope was pulled again and Buck had to let go.That evening, the man took Buck to the back room of a bar in San Francisco. The barman looked at the man's hand and trousers covered in blood.‘How much are they paying you for this?’ he asked.‘I only get fifty dollars.’‘And the man who stole him—how much did he get?’ asked the barman.‘A hundred. He wouldn't take less.’‘That makes a hundred and fifty. It's a good price for a dog like him .Here, help me to get him into this.’They took off Buck's rope and pushed him into a wooden box. He spent the night in the box in the back room of the bar. His neck still ached with pain from the rope, and he could not understand what it all meant . What did they want with him, these strange men? And where was Mr. Miller?The next day Buck was carried in the box to the railway station and put on a train to the north.For two days and nights the train travelled north, and for two days and nights Buck neither ate nor drank. Men on the train laughed at him and pushed sticks at him through the holes in the box. For two days and nights Buck got angrier and hungrier and thirstier. His eyes grew red and he bit anything that moved.In Seattle four men took Buck to a small, high－walled back garden, where a fat man in an old red coat was waiting. Buck was now very angry indeed and he jumped and bit at the sides of his box. The fat man smiled and went to get an axe and a club.‘Are you going to take him out now?’ asked one of the men. ‘Of course,’ answered the fat man, and he began to break the box with his axe.Immediately the four other men climbed up onto the wall to watch from a safe place.As the fat man hit the box with his axe, Buck jumped at the sides, growling and biting, pulling with his teeth at the pieces of broken wood. After a few minutes there was a hole big enough for Buck to get out. ‘ Now, come here, red eyes,’ said the fat man, dropping his axe and taking the club in his right hand.Buck jumped at the man, sixty kilos of anger, his mouth wide open ready to bite the man's neck. Just before his teeth touched the skin, the man hit him with the club. Buck fell to the ground. It was the first time anyone had hit him with a club and he did not understand. He stood up, and jumped again. Again the club hit him and he crashed to the ground. Ten times he jumped at the man, and ten times the club hit him. Slowly he got to his feet, now only just able to stand. There was blood on his nose and mouth and ears. Then the fat man walked up and hit him again, very hard, on the nose. The pain was terrible. Again, Buck jumped at the man and again he was hit to the ground. A last time he jumped, and this time, when the man knocked him down, Buck did not move.‘He knows how to teach a dog a lesson,’ said one of the men on the wall. Then the four men jumped down and went back to the station.‘His name is Buck,’ said the fat man to himself, reading the letter that had come with the box.’Well, Buck, my by,’ he said in a friendly voice,’ we've argued a little, and I think the best thing to donow is to stop. Be a good dog and we'll be friends. But if you're a bad dog, I'll have to use my club again. Understand?’As he spoke, he touched Buck’ s head, and although Buck was angry inside, he did not move. When the man brought him water and meat, Buck drank and then ate the meat, piece by piece, from the man's hand.Buck was beaten（he knew that）but he was not broken. He had learnt that a man with a club was stronger than him. Every day he saw more dogs arrive, and each dog was beaten by the fat man. Buck understood that a man with a club must be obeyed, although he did not have to be a friend.Men came to see the fat man and to look at the dogs. Some-times they paid money and left with one or more of the dogs. One day a short, dark man came and looked at Buck.‘That's a good dog!’ he cried.’ How much do you want for him?’‘Three hundred dollars. It's a good price, Perrault,’ said the fat man.Perrault smiled and agreed that it was a good price. He knew dogs, and he knew that Buck was an excellent dog.‘One in ten thousand,’ Perrault said to himself.Buck saw money put into the fat man’ s hand, and he was not surprised when he and another dog called Curly were taken away by Perrault. He took them to a ship, and later that day Buck and Curly stood and watched the coast get further and further away. They had seen the warm south for the last time.Perrault took Buck and Curly down to the bottom of the ship. There they met another man, Francois. Perrault was a French－Canadian, but Francois was half－Indian, tall and dark. Buck learnt quickly that Perrault and Francois were fair men, calm and honest. And they knew everything about dogs.There were two other dogs on the ship. One was a big dog called Spitz, as white as snow. He was friendly to Buck at first, always smiling. He was smiling when he tried to steal Buck’ s food at the first meal. Francois was quick and hit Spitz before Buck had time to move. Buck decided that this was fair, and began to like Francois a little.Dave, the other dog, was not friendly. He wanted to be alone all the time. He ate and slept and was interested in nothing.One day was very like another, but Buck noticed that the weather was getting colder. One morning, the ship's engines stopped, and there was a feeling of excitement in the ship. Francois leashed the dogs and took them outside. At the first step Buck's feet went into something soft and white. He jumped back in surprise. The soft, white thing was also falling through the air, and it fell onto him. He tried to smell it, and then caught some on his tongue. It bit like fire, and then disappeared. He tried again and the same thing happened. People were watching him and laughing, and Buck felt ashamed, although he did not know why. It was his first snow.2 The law of club and toothBuck's first day at Dyea Beach was terrible. Every hour there was some new, frightening surprise. There was no peace, no rest—only continual noise and movement. And every minute there was danger, because these dogs and men were not town dogs and men. They knew only the law of club and tooth.Buck had never seen dogs fight like these dogs；they were like wolves. In a few minutes he learnt this from watching Curly. She tried to make friends with a dog, a big one, al－though not as big as she was. There was no warning. The dog jumped on Curly, his teeth closed together, then he jumped away, and Curly's face was torn open from eye to mouth.Wolves fight like this, biting and jumping away, but the fight did not finish then. Thirty or forty more dogs ran up and made a circle around the fight, watching silently. Curly tried to attack the dog who had bitten her；he bit her a second time, and jumped away. When she attacked him again, he knocked her backwards, and she fell on the ground. She never stood up again, because this was what the other dogs were waiting for. They moved in, and in a moment she was under a crowd of dogs.It was all very sudden. Buck saw Spitz run out from the crowd with his tongue out of his mouth, laughing. Then he saw Francois with an axe, and two or three other men with clubs jump in among the dogs. Two minutes later the last of the dogs was chased away. But Curly lay dead in the snow, her body torn almost to pieces. Curly's death often came back to Buck in his dreams. He understood that once a dog was down on the ground, he was dead He also remembered Spitz laughing, and from that moment he hated him.Then Buck had another surprise. Francois put a harness on him. Buck had seen harnesses on horses, and now he was made to work like a horse, pulling Francois on a sledge into the forest and returning with wood for the fire. Buck worked with Spitz and Dave. The two other dogs had worked in a harness before, and Buck learnt by watching them. He also learnt to stop and turn when Francois shouted.‘Those three are very good dogs,’ Francois told Perrault.’ That Buck pulls very well, and he's learning quickly.’Perrault had important letters and official papers to take to Dawson City, so that afternoon he bought two more dogs, two brothers called Billee and Joe. Billee was very friendly, but Joe was the opposite. In the evening Perrault bought one more dog, an old dog with one eye .His name was Solleks, which means The Angry One. Like Dave, he made no friends；all he wanted was to be alone.That night Buck discovered another problem. Where was he going to sleep? Francois and Perrault were in their tent, but when he went in, they shouted angrily and threw things at him. Outside it was very cold and windy. He lay down in the snow, but he was too cold to sleep.He walked around the tents trying to find the other dogs. But, to his surprise, they had disappeared. He walked around Perrault's tent, very, very cold, wondering what to do. Suddenly, the snow under his feet fell in, and he felt something move. He jumped back, waiting for the attack, but heard on-ly a friendly bark. There, in a warm hole under the snow, was Billee.So that was what you had to do. Buck chose a place, dug himself a hole and in a minute he was warm and asleep. He slept well, although his dreams were bad.When he woke up, at first he did not know where he was. It had snowed in the night and the snow now lay thick and heavy above him. Suddenly he was afraid—the fear of a wild animal when it is caught and cannot escape. Growling, he threw himself at the snow, and a moment later, he had jumped upwards into the daylight. He saw the tents and remembered everything, from the time he had gone for a walk with Manuel to the moment he had dug the hole the night before. ‘What did I say?’shouted Francois to Perrault, when he saw Buck come up out of the snow.’ That Buck learns quickly.’Perrault smiled slowly. He was carrying important papers, and he needed good dogs. He was very pleased to have Buck.They bought three more dogs that morning, and a quarter of an hour later all nine dogs were in harness and on their way up the Dyea Canyon. Buck was not sorry to be moving, and although it was hard work, he almost enjoyed it. He was also surprised to see that Dave and Sol－leks no longer looked bored and miserable. Pulling in a harness was their job, and they were happy to do it.Dave was sledge－dog, the dog nearest to the sledge. In front of him was Buck, then came Solleks. In front of them were the six other dogs, with Spitz as leader at the front. Francois had put Buck between Dave and Solleks because they could teach him the work. Buck learnt well, and they were good teachers. When Buck pulled the wrong way, Dave always bit his leg, but only lightly. Once, when they stopped, Buck got tied up in his harness, and it took ten minutes to get started again. Both Dave and Solleks gave him a good beating for that mistake. Buck understood, and was more careful after that.It was a hard day's journey, up the Dyea Canyon and into the mountains. They camped that night at Lake Bennett. Here there were thousands of gold miners. They were building boats to sail up the lake when the ice melted in the spring. Buck made his hole in the snow and slept well, but was woken up very early and harnessed to the sledge. The first day they had travelled on snow that had been hardened by many sledges and they covered sixty kilometers. But the next day, and for days afterwards, they were on new snow. The work was harder and they went slowly. Usually, Perrault went in front, on snowshoes, flattening the snow a little for the dogs. Francois stayed by the sledge. Sometimes the two men changed places, but there were many small lakes and rivers, and Perrault understood ice better. He always knew when the ice across a river was very thin.Day after day Buck pulled in his harness. They started in the morning before it was light, and they stopped in the evening after dark, ate a piece of fish, and went to sleep in their holes under the snow. Buck was always hungry. Francois gave him 750 grams of dried fish a day, and it was never enough. The other dogs were given only 500 grams；they were smaller and could stay dive on less food.Buck learnt to eat quickly；if he was too slow, the other dogs stole his food. He saw Pike, one of the new dogs, steal some meat from the sledge when Perrault wasn't looking. The next day Buck stole some and got away unseen. Perrault was very angry, but he thought another dog, Dub, had taken it and so punished him instead of Buck.Buck was learning how to live in the north. In the south he had never stolen, but there he had never been so hungry. He stole cleverly and secretly, remembering the beatings from the man with the club.Buck was learning the law of club and tooth.He learnt to eat any food—anything that he could get his teeth into. He learnt to break the ice on water holes with his feet when he wanted to drink He was stronger, harder, and could see and smell better than ever before .In a way, he was remembering back to the days when wild dogs travelled in packs through the forest, killing for meat as they went. It was easy for him to learn to fight like a wolf,because it was in his blood. In the evenings, when he pointed his nose at the moon and howled long and loud, he was remembering the dogs and wolves that had come before him.3 The wild animalThe wild animal was strong in Buck, and as he travelled across the snow, it grew stronger and stronger. And as Buck grew stronger, he hated Spitz more and more, although he was careful never to start a fight.But Spitz was always showing his teeth to Buck, trying to start a fight. And Buck knew that if he and Spitz fought, one of them would die.The fight almost happened one night when they stopped by Lake Laberge. There was heavy snow and it was very cold. The lake was frozen and Francois, Perrault, and the dogs had to spend the night on the ice, under a big rock. Buck had made a warm hole in the snow and was sorry to leave it to get his piece of fish. But when he had eaten. and returned to his hole, he found Spitz in it. Buck had tried not to fight Spitz be－fore, but this was too much. He attacked him angrily. Spitz was surprised. He knew Buck was big, but he didn’ t know he was so wild. Francois was surprised too, and guessed why Buck was angry. ‘Go on Buck!’ he shouted.’ Fight him, the dirty thief!’Spitz was also ready to fight, and the two dogs circled one another, looking for the chance to jump in. But suddenly there was a shout from Perrault, and they saw eighty or a hundred dogs around the sledge. The dogs came from an Indian village, and they were searching for the food that they could smell on the sledge. Perrault and Francois tried to fight them off with their clubs, but the dogs, made crazy by the smell of the food, showed their teeth and fought back.Buck had never seed dogs like these. They were all skin and bone, but hunger made them fight like wild things. Three of them attacked Buck and in seconds his head and legs were badly bitten. Dave and Solleks stood side by side, covered in blood, fighting bravely. Joe and Pike jumped on one dog, and Pike broke its neck with one bite. Buck caught another dog by the neck and tasted blood. He threw himself on the next one, and then felt teeth in his own neck. It was Spitz, attacking him from the side.Perrault and Francois came to help with clubs, but then they had to run back to save the food . It was safer for the nine sledge－dogs to run away across the lake. Several of them were badly hurt, and they spent an unhappy night hiding among the tress.At first light they returned to the sledge and found Perrault and Francois tired and angry. Half their food was gone. The Indian dogs had even eaten one of Perrault's shoes. Francois looked at his dogs unhappily.‘Ah, my friends,’he said softly,’Perhaps those bites will make you ill. What do you think, Perrault?’Perrault said nothing. They still had six hundred kilometres to travel, and he hoped very much that his sledge－dogs had not caught rabies from the Indian dogs.The harness was torn and damaged and it was two hours be－fore they were moving, travelling slowly and painfully over the most difficult country that they had been in.The Thirty Mile River was not frozen. It ran too fast to freeze. They spent six days trying to find a place to cross, and every step was dangerous for dogs and men. Twelve times they found ice bridgesacross the river, and Perrault walked carefully onto them, holding a long piece of wood. And twelve times he fell through a bridge and was saved by the piece of wood, which caught on the sides of the hole. But the temperature was 45°below zero, and each time Perrault fell into the water, he had to light a fire to dry and warm himself. Once, the sledge fell through the ice, with Dave and Buck, and they were covered in ice by the time Perrault and Francois pulled them out of the river. Again, a fire was needed to save them. Another time, Spitz and the dogs in front fell through the ice—Buck and Dave and Francois at the sledge had to pull backwards. That day they travelled only four hundred metres.When they got to the Hootalinqua and good ice, Buck and the other dogs were very, very tired. But they were late, so Perrault made them run faster. In three days they went a hundred and eighty kilometres and reached the Five Fingers.The other dogs had hard feet from years of pulling sledges, but Buck's feet were still soft from his easy life down south. All day he ran painfully, and when they camped for the night, he lay down like a dead dog. He was hungry, but he was too tired to walk to the fish, so Francois brought it to him. One day Francois made four little shoes for him, and this made Buck much more comfortable. Francois forgot the shoes one morning, and Buck refused to move. He lay on his back with his feet in the air, until Francois put the shoes on. Later his feet grew harder and the shoes were not needed.One morning, at the Pelly River, a dog called Delly went suddenly mad. She howled long and loud like a wolf and then jumped at Buck. Buck ran, with Dolly one step behind him. She could not catch him, but he could not escape from her. They ran half a kilometre, and then Buck heard Francois call to him. He turned and ran towards the man, sure that Francois would save him. Francois stood ,holding his axe, and as Buck passed, the axe crashed down on Dolly's head.Buck fell down by the sledge, too tired to move. Immediately, Spitz attacked him and bit his helpless enemy twice, as hard as he could. But Francois saw this, and gave Spitz a terrible beating for it.‘He's a wild dog, that Spitz,’ said Perrault.’ One day he'll kill Buck.’‘Buck is wilder,’ replied Francois.’ I've been watching him. One day he'll get very angry and he'll fight Spitz；and he'll win.’ Francois was right. Buck wanted to be lead-dog. Spitz knew this and hated him. Buck started to help the other dogs when Spitz punished them for being lazy. One morning, Pike refused to get up, and Spitz looked for him everywhere. When he found him, he jumped at him. But suddenly, Buck at－tacked Spitz. The other dogs saw this, and it became more and more difficult for Spitz to lead them. But the days passed without a chance for a fight, and soon they were pulling into Dawson City on a cold grey afternoon.They stayed in Dawson for seven days. When they left, Perrault was carrying some more very important papers, and he wanted to travel back as fast as possible.They travelled eighty kilometres the first day, and the same the second. But it was difficult work for Francois. Buck and Spitz hated each other, and the other dogs were not afraid of Spitz any more. One night Pike stole half a fish from Spitz, and ate it standing next to Buck. And every time Buck went near Spitz, he growled and the hair on his back stood up angrily. The other dogs fought in their harnesses and Francois often had to stop the sledge. He knew that Buck was the problem, but Buckwas too clever for him and Francois never saw him actually starting a fight.One night in camp, the dogs saw a snow rabbit and in a second they were all chasing it, with Spitz in front. Nearby was another camp, with fifty dogs, who also Joined the chase. The rabbit was running fast on top of the snow, but the snow was soft, and it was more difficult for the dogs. When Spitz caught the rabbit, throwing it in the air with his teeth, Buck was just behind. Spitz stopped, and Buck hit him, very hard. The two dogs fell in the snow. Spitz bit Buck very quickly, twice, and then jumped away, watching carefully.The time had come, and Buck knew that either he or Spitz must die. They watched one another, circling slowly. The moon was shining brightly on the snow, and in the cold still air not a leaf moved on the trees. The other dogs finished eating the rabbit and then turned to watch.Spitz was a good fighter. He was full of hate and anger, but he was also intelligent. Every time Buck tried to bite his throat, he met Spitz's own teeth. Then, each time Buck attacked, Spitz moved and bit him on the side as he passed. After a few minutes, Buck was covered in blood.He attacked again, but this time turned at the last minute and went under Spitz, biting his left front leg. The bone broke, and Spitz was standing on three legs. Buck tried to knock Spitz down, and then repeated his earlier attack and broke Spitz's right front leg.There was no hope for Spitz now. Buck got ready for his final attack, while the circle of sixty dogs watched, and crowded nearer and nearer, waiting for the end. At last Buck jumped, in and out, and Spitz went down in the snow. A second later the waiting pack was on top of him, and Spitz had disappeared. Buck stood and watched. The wild animal had made its kill.4 The new lead-dog‘Well, what did I say? Buck’ s a real fighter, all right,’ said Francois the next morning when he discovered that Spitz had disappeared and that Buck was covered in blood.‘Spitz fought like a wolf,’ said Perrault, as he looked at the bites all over Buck.‘And Buck fought like ten wolves,’ answered Francois.’ And we'll travel faster now. No more Spitz, no more trouble.’Francois started to harness the dogs. He needed a new lead－dog, and decided that Solleks was the best dog that he had. But Buck jumped at Solleks and took his place.‘Look at Buck!’ said Francois, laughing.’ He's killed Spitz, and now he wants to be lead－dog. Go away, Buck!’He pulled Buck away and tried to harness Solleks again. Solleks was unhappy too. He was frightened of Buck, and when Francois turned his back, Buck took Solleks’ place again. Now Francois was angry.‘I'll show you!’ he cried, and went to get a heavy club from the sledge.Buck remembered the man in the red coat, and moved away. This time, when Solleks was harnessed as lead-dog, Buck did not try to move in. He kept a few metres away and circled around Francois carefully. But when Francois called him to his old place in front of Dave, Buck refused. He had won his fight with Spitz and he wanted to be lead－dog.For an hour the two men tried to harness him. Buck did not run away, but he did not let them catch him. Finally, Francois sat down, and Perrault looked at his watch. It was getting late. The twomen looked at one another and smiled Francois walked up to Solleks, took off his harness, led him back and harnessed him in his old place. Then he called Buck. All the other dogs were harnessed and the only empty place was now the one at the front But Buck did not move.‘Put down the club,’ said Perrault.Francois dropped the club, and immediately Buck came up to the front of the team. Francois harnessed him ,and in a minute the sledge was moving.Buck was an excellent leader. He moved and thought quickly and led the other dogs well. A new leader made no difference to Dave and Solleks；they continued to pull hard .But the other dogs had had an easy life when Spitz was leading. They were surprised when Buck made them work hard and punished them for their mistakes Pike, the second dog, was usually lazy；but by the end of the first day he was pulling harder than he had ever pulled in his life. The first night in camp Buck fought Joe, another difficult dog, and after that there were no more problems with him. The team started to pull together, and to move faster and faster.‘I've never seen a dog like Buck!’ cried Francois,’ Never! He's worth a thousand dollars .What do you think, Perrault?’Perrault agreed. They were moving quickly, and covering more ground every day The snow was good and hard, and no new snow fell. The temperature dropped to 45°below zero, and didn't change.This time there was more ice on the Thirty Mile River, and they crossed in a day. Some days they ran a hundred kilometres, or even more They reached Skagway in fourteen days；the fastest time ever.For three days the dogs rested in Skagway. Then Francois put his arms around Buck's neck and said goodbye to him. And that was the last of Francois and Perrault. Like other men, they passed out of Buck's life for ever.Two new men took Buck and his team back north on the long journey to Dawson, travelling with several other dog－teams. It was heavy work；the sledge was loaded with letters for the gold miners of Dawson. Buck did not like it, but he worked hard, and made the other dogs work hard, too. Each day was the same. They started early, before it was light, and at night they stopped and camped and the dogs ate. For the dogs this was the best part of the day, first eating, then resting by the fire.Buck liked to lie by the fire, looking at the burning wood. Sometimes he thought about Mr. Miller's house in California. More of ten he remembered the man in the red coat and his club, the death of Curly, the fight with Spitz, and the good things that he had eaten But sometimes he remembered other things These were things that he remembered through his parents, and his parents parents, and all the dogs which had lived before him.Sometimes as he lay there, he seemed to see, in a waking dream, a different fire. And he saw next to him, not the Indian cook, but another man, a man with shorter legs, and longer arms. This man had long hair and deep eyes, and made strange noises in his throat He was very frightened of the dark, and looked around him all the time, holding a heavy stone in his hand .He wore the skin of an animal on his back, and Buck could see thick hair all over his body.Buck sat by the fire with this hairy man, and in the circling darkness beyond the fire he could see many eyes—the eyes of hungry animals waiting to attack. And he growled softly in his dream until。
The Call of the Wild(野性的呼唤)
The Call of the Wild1 To the northBuck did not read the newspapers．He did not know that trouble was coming for every big dog in California．Men had found gold in the Yukon，and these men wanted big，strong dogs to work in the cold and snow of the north．Buck lived in Mr. Miller's big house in the sunny Santa Clara valley．There were large gardens and fields of fruit trees around the house，and a river nearby．In a big place like this，of course，there were many dogs．There were house dogs and farm dogs，but they were not important．Buck was chief dog；he was born here，and this was his place ．He was four years old and weighed sixty kilos ．He went swimming with Mr. Miller's sons，and walking with his daughters ．He carried the grandchildren on his back，and he sat at Mr. Miller's feet in front of the fire in winter．But this was 1897，and Buck did not know that men and dogs were hurrying to north-west Canada to look for gold．And he did not know that Manuel，one of Mr. Miller's gardeners，needed money for his large family．One day，when Mr. Miller was out，Manuel and Buck left the garden together．It was just an evening walk，Buck thought．No one saw them go，and only one man saw them arrive at the railway station．This man talked to Manuel，and gave him some money ．Then he tied a piece of rope around Buck's neck．Buck growled，and was surprised when the rope was pulled hard around his neck．He jumped at the man．The man caught him and suddenly Buck was on his back with his tongue out of his mouth．For a few moments he was unable to move，and it was easy for the two men to put him into the train．When Buck woke up，the train was still moving．The man was sitting and watching him，but Buck was too quick for him and he bit the man's hand hard．Then the rope was pulled again and Buck had to let go．That evening，the man took Buck to the back room of a bar in San Francisco．The barman looked at the man's hand and trousers covered in blood．‘How much are they paying you for this？’he asked．‘I only get fifty dollars．’‘And the m an who stole him—how much did he get？’ asked the barman．‘A hundred．He wouldn't take less．’‘That makes a hundred and fifty．It's a good price for a dog like him ．Here，help me to get him into this．’They took off Buck's rope and pushed him into a wooden box．He spent the night in the box in the back room of the bar．His neck still ached with pain from the rope，and he could not understand what it all meant ．What did they want with him，these strange men？And where was Mr. Miller？The next day Buck was carried in the box to the railway station and put on a train to the north．For two days and nights the train travelled north，and for two days and nights Buck neither ate nor drank．Men on the train laughed at him and pushed sticks at him through the holes in the box．For two days and nights Buck got angrier and hungrier and thirstier．His eyes grew red and he bit anything that moved．In Seattle four men took Buck to a small，high－walled back garden，where a fat man in an old red coat was waiting．Buck was now very angry indeed and he jumped and bit at the sides of his box．The fat man smiled and went to get an axe and a club．‘Are you going to take him out now？’ asked one of the men．‘Of course，’ answered the fat man，and he began to break the box with his axe．Immediately the four other men climbed up onto the wall to watch from a safe place．As the fat man hit the box with his axe，Buck jumped at the sides，growling and biting，pulling with his teeth at the pieces of broken wood．After a few minutes there was a hole big enough for Buck to get out．‘ Now，come here，red eyes，’ said the fat man，dropping his axe and taking the club in his right hand．Buck jumped at the man，sixty kilos of anger，his mouth wide open ready to bite the man's neck．Just before his teeth touched the skin，the man hit him with the club．Buck fell to the ground．It was the first time anyone had hit him with a club and he did not understand．He stood up，and jumped again．Again the club hit him and he crashed to the ground．Ten times he jumped at the man，and ten times the club hit him．Slowly he got to his feet，now only just able to stand．There was blood on his nose and mouth and ears．Then the fat man walked up and hit him again，very hard，on the nose．The pain was terrible．Again，Buck jumped at the man and again he was hit to the ground．A last time he jumped，and this time，when the man knocked him down，Buck did not move．‘He knows how to teach a dog a lesson，’ said one of the men on the wall．Then the four men jumped down and went back to the station．‘His name is Buck，’said the fat man to himself，reading the letter that had come with the box．‘Well，Buck，my by，’he said in a friendly voice，‘we've argued a little，and I think the best thing to do now is to stop．Be a good dog and we'll be friends．But if you're a bad dog，I'll have to use my club again．Understand？’As he spoke，he touched Buck’ s head，and although Buck was angry inside，he did not move．When the man brought him water and meat，Buck drank and then ate the meat，piece by piece，from the man's hand．Buck was beaten（he knew that）but he was not broken．He had learnt that a man with a club was stronger than him．Every day he saw more dogs arrive，and each dog was beaten by the fat man．Buck understood that a man with a club must be obeyed，although he did not have to be a friend．Men came to see the fat man and to look at the dogs．Some-times they paid money and left with one or more of the dogs．One day a short，dark man came and looked at Buck．‘That's a good dog！’ he cried．‘How much do you want for him？’‘Three hundred dollars．It's a good price，Perrault，’said the fat man．Perrault smiled and agreed that it was a good price．He knew dogs，and he knew that Buck was an excellent dog．‘One in ten thousand，’ Perrault said to h imself．Buck saw money put into the fat man’ s hand，and he was not surprised when he and another dog called Curly were taken away by Perrault．He took them to a ship，and later that day Buck and Curly stood and watched the coast get further and further away．They had seen the warm south for the last time．Perrault took Buck and Curly down to the bottom of the ship．There they met another man，Francois．Perrault was a French－Canadian，but Francois was half －Indian，tall and dark．Buck learnt quickly that Perrault and Francois were fair men，calm and honest．And they knew everything about dogs．There were two other dogs on the ship．One was a big dog called Spitz，as whiteas snow．He was friendly to Buck at first，always smiling．He was smiling when he tried to st eal Buck’ s food at the first meal．Francois was quick and hit Spitz before Buck had time to move．Buck decided that this was fair，and began to like Francois a little．Dave，the other dog，was not friendly．He wanted to be alone all the time．He ate and slept and was interested in nothing．One day was very like another，but Buck noticed that the weather was getting colder．One morning，the ship's engines stopped，and there was a feeling of excitement in the ship．Francois leashed the dogs and took them outside．At the first step Buck's feet went into something soft and white．He jumped back in surprise．The soft，white thing was also falling through the air，and it fell onto him．He tried to smell it，and then caught some on his tongue．It bit like fire，and then disappeared．He tried again and the same thing happened．People were watching him and laughing，and Buck felt ashamed，although he did not knowwhy．It was his first snow．2 The law of club and toothBuck's first day at Dyea Beach was terrible．Every hour there was some new，frightening surprise．There was no peace，no rest—only continual noise and movement．And every minute there was danger，because these dogs and men were not town dogs and men．They knew only the law of club and tooth．Buck had never seen dogs fight like these dogs；they were like wolves．In a few minutes he learnt this from watching Curly．She tried to make friends with a dog，a big one，although not as big as she was．There was no warning．The dog jumped on Curly，his teeth closed together，then he jumped away，and Curly's face was torn open from eye to mouth．Wolves fight like this，biting and jumping away，but the fight did not finish then．Thirty or forty more dogs ran up and made a circle around the fight，watching silently．Curly tried to attack the dog who had bitten her；he bit her a second time，and jumped away．When she attacked him again，he knocked her backwards，and she fell on the ground．She never stood up again，because this was what the other dogs were waiting for．They moved in，and in a moment she was under a crowd of dogs．It was all very sudden．Buck saw Spitz run out from the crowd with his tongueout of his mouth，laughing．Then he saw Francois with an axe，and two or three other men with clubs jump in among the dogs．Two minutes later the last of the dogs was chased away．But Curly lay dead in the snow，her body torn almost to pieces．Curly's death often came back to Buck in his dreams．He understood that once a dog was down on the ground，he was dead He also remembered Spitz laughing，and from that moment he hated him．Then Buck had another surprise．Francois put a harness on him．Buck had seen harnesses on horses，and now he was made to work like a horse，pulling Francois on a sledge into the forest and returning with wood for the fire．Buck worked with Spitz and Dave．The two other dogs had worked in a harness before，and Buck learnt by watching them．He also learnt to stop and turn when Francois shouted．‘Those three are very good dogs，’Francois told Perrault．‘That Buck pulls very well，and he's learning quickly．’Perrault had important letters and official papers to take to Dawson City，so that afternoon he bought two more dogs，two brothers called Billee and Joe．Billee was very friendly，but Joe was the opposite．In the evening Perrault bought one more dog，an old dog with one eye ．His name was Solleks，which means The Angry One．Like Dave，he made no friends；all he wanted was to be alone．That night Buck discovered another problem．Where was he going to sleep？Francois and Perrault were in their tent，but when he went in，they shouted angrily and threw things at him．Outside it was very cold and windy．He lay down in the snow，but he was too cold to sleep．He walked around the tents trying to find the other dogs．But，to his surprise，they had disappeared．He walked around Perrault's tent，very，very cold，wondering what to do．Suddenly，the snow under his feet fell in，and he felt something move．He jumped back，waiting for the attack，but heard only a friendly bark．There，in a warm hole under the snow，was Billee．So that was what you had to do．Buck chose a place，dug himself a hole and in a minute he was warm and asleep．He slept well，although his dreams were bad．When he woke up，at first he did not know where he was．It had snowed in the night and the snow now lay thick and heavy above him．Suddenly he was afraid—the fear of a wild animal when it is caught and cannot escape．Growling，he threw himself at the snow，and a moment later，he had jumped upwards into thedaylight．He saw the tents and remembered everything，from the time he had gone for a walk with Manuel to the moment he had dug the hole the night before．‘What did I say？’ shouted Francois to Perrault，when he saw Buck come up out of the snow．‘That Buck le arns quickly．’Perrault smiled slowly．He was carrying important papers，and he needed good dogs．He was very pleased to have Buck．They bought three more dogs that morning，and a quarter of an hour later all nine dogs were in harness and on their way up the Dyea Canyon．Buck was not sorry to be moving，and although it was hard work，he almost enjoyed it．He was also surprised to see that Dave and Solleks no longer looked bored and miserable．Pulling in a harness was their job，and they were happy to do it．Dave was sledge－dog，the dog nearest to the sledge．In front of him was Buck，then came Solleks．In front of them were the six other dogs，with Spitz as leader at the front．Francois had put Buck between Dave and Solleks because they could teach him the work．Buck learnt well，and they were good teachers．When Buck pulled the wrong way，Dave always bit his leg，but only lightly．Once，when they stopped，Buck got tied up in his harness，and it took ten minutes to get started again．Both Dave and Solleks gave him a good beating for that mistake．Buck understood，and was more careful after that．It was a hard day's journey，up the Dyea Canyon and into the mountains．They camped that night at Lake Bennett．Here there were thousands of gold miners．They were building boats to sail up the lake when the ice melted in the spring．Buck made his hole in the snow and slept well，but was woken up very early and harnessed to the sledge．The first day they had travelled on snow that had been hardened by many sledges and they covered sixty kilometres．But the next day，and for days afterwards，they were on new snow．The work was harder and they went slowly．Usually，Perrault went in front，on snowshoes，flattening the snow a little for the dogs．Francois stayed by the sledge．Sometimes the two men changed places，but there were many small lakes and rivers，and Perrault understood ice better．He always knew when the ice across a river was very thin．Day after day Buck pulled in his harness．They started in the morning before it was light，and they stopped in the evening after dark，ate a piece of fish，and went to sleep in their holes under the snow．Buck was always hungry．Francois gave him750 grams of dried fish a day，and it was never enough．The other dogs were given only 500 grams；they were smaller and could stay dive on less food．Buck learnt to eat quickly；if he was too slow，the other dogs stole his food．He saw Pike，one of the new dogs，steal some meat from the sledge when Perrault wasn't looking．The next day Buck stole some and got away unseen．Perrault was very angry，but he thought another dog，Dub，had taken it and so punished him instead of Buck．Buck was learning how to live in the north．In the south he had never stolen，but there he had never been so hungry．He stole cleverly and secretly，remembering the beatings from the man with the club．Buck was learning the law of club and tooth．He learnt to eat any food—anything that he could get his teeth into．He learnt to break the ice on water holes with his feet when he wanted to drink He was stronger，harder，and could see and smell better than ever before ．In a way，he was remembering back to the days when wild dogs travelled in packs through the forest，killing for meat as they went．It was easy for him to learn to fight like a wolf，because it was in his blood．In the evenings，when he pointed his nose at the moon and howled long and loud，he was remembering the dogs and wolves that had comebefore him．3 The wild animalThe wild animal was strong in Buck，and as he travelled across the snow，it grew stronger and stronger．And as Buck grew stronger，he hated Spitz more and more，although he was careful never to start a fight．But Spitz was always showing his teeth to Buck，trying to start a fight．And Buck knew that if he and Spitz fought，one of them would die．The fight almost happened one night when they stopped by Lake Laberge．There was heavy snow and it was very cold．The lake was frozen and Francois，Perrault，and the dogs had to spend the night on the ice，under a big rock．Buck had made a warm hole in the snow and was sorry to leave it to get his piece of fish．But when he had eaten．and returned to his hole，he found Spitz in it．Buck had tried not to fight Spitz before，but this was too much．He attacked him angrily．Spitz was surprised．He knew Buck was big，but he didn’ t know he was so wild．Francois was surprised too，and guessed why Buck was angry．‘Go on Buck！’ heshouted．‘Fight him，the dirty thief！’Spitz was also ready to fight，and the two dogs circled one another，looking for the chance to jump in．But suddenly there was a shout from Perrault，and they saw eighty or a hundred dogs around the sledge．The dogs came from an Indian village，and they were searching for the food that they could smell on the sledge．Perrault and Francois tried to fight them off with their clubs，but the dogs，made crazy by the smell of the food，showed their teeth and fought back．Buck had never seed dogs like these．They were all skin and bone，but hunger made them fight like wild things．Three of them attacked Buck and in seconds his head and legs were badly bitten．Dave and Solleks stood side by side，covered in blood，fighting bravely．Joe and Pike jumped on one dog，and Pike broke its neck with one bite．Buck caught another dog by the neck and tasted blood．He threw himself on the next one，and then felt teeth in his own neck．It was Spitz，attacking him from the side．Perrault and Francois came to help with clubs，but then they had to run back to save the food ．It was safer for the nine sledge－dogs to run away across the lake．Several of them were badly hurt，and they spent an unhappy night hiding among the tress．At first light they returned to the sledge and found Perrault and Francois tired and angry．Half their food was gone．The Indian dogs had even eaten one of Perrault's shoes．Francois looked at his dogs unhappily．‘Ah，my friends，’he said softly，‘Perhaps those bites will make you ill．What do you think，Perrault？’Perrault said nothing．They still had six hundred kilometres to travel，and he hoped very much that his sledge－dogs had not caught rabies from the Indian dogs．The harness was torn and damaged and it was two hours before they were moving，travelling slowly and painfully over the most difficult country that they had been in．The Thirty Mile River was not frozen．It ran too fast to freeze．They spent six days trying to find a place to cross，and every step was dangerous for dogs and men．Twelve times they found ice bridges across the river，and Perrault walked carefully onto them，holding a long piece of wood．And twelve times he fell through a bridge and was saved by the piece of wood，which caught on the sides ofthe hole．But the temperature was 45° below zero，and each time Perrault fell into the water，he had to light a fire to dry and warm himself．Once，the sledge fell through the ice，with Dave and Buck，and they were covered in ice by the time Perrault and Francois pulled them out of the river．Again，a fire was needed to save them．Another time，Spitz and the dogs in front fell through the ice—Buck and Dave and Francois at the sledge had to pull backwards．That day they travelled only four hundred metres．When they got to the Hootalinqua and good ice，Buck and the other dogs were very，very tired．But they were late，so Perrault made them run faster．In three days they went a hundred and eighty kilometres and reached the Five Fingers．The other dogs had hard feet from years of pulling sledges，but Buck's feet were still soft from his easy life down south．All day he ran painfully，and when they camped for the night，he lay down like a dead dog．He was hungry，but he was too tired to walk to the fish，so Francois brought it to him．One day Francois made four little shoes for him，and this made Buck much more comfortable．Francois forgot the shoes one morning，and Buck refused to move．He lay on his back with his feet in the air，until Francois put the shoes on．Later his feet grew harder and the shoes were not needed．One morning，at the Pelly River，a dog called Delly went suddenly mad．She howled long and loud like a wolf and then jumped at Buck．Buck ran，with Dolly one step behind him．She could not catch him，but he could not escape from her．They ran half a kilometre，and then Buck heard Francois call to him．He turned and ran towards the man，sure that Francois would save him．Francois stood ，holding his axe，and as Buck passed，the axe crashed down on Dolly's head．Buck fell down by the sledge，too tired to move．Immediately，Spitz attacked him and bit his helpless enemy twice，as hard as he could．But Francois saw this，and gave Spitz a terrible beating for it．‘He's a wild dog，that Spitz，’said Perrault．‘One day he'll kill Buck．’‘Buck is wilder，’replied Francois．‘I've been watching him．One day he'll get very angry and he'll fight Spitz；and he'll win．’ Francois was right．Buck wanted to be lead-dog．Spitz knew this and hated him．Buck started to help the other dogs when Spitz punished them for being lazy．One morning，Pike refused to get up，and Spitz looked for him everywhere．When he found him，he jumped at him．Butsuddenly，Buck attacked Spitz．The other dogs saw this，and it became more and more difficult for Spitz to lead them．But the days passed without a chance for a fight，and soon they were pulling into Dawson City on a cold grey afternoon．They stayed in Dawson for seven days．When they left，Perrault was carrying some more very important papers，and he wanted to travel back as fast as possible．They travelled eighty kilometres the first day，and the same the second．But it was difficult work for Francois．Buck and Spitz hated each other，and the other dogs were not afraid of Spitz any more．One night Pike stole half a fish from Spitz，and ate it standing next to Buck．And every time Buck went near Spitz，he growled and the hair on his back stood up angrily．The other dogs fought in their harnesses and Francois often had to stop the sledge．He knew that Buck was the problem，but Buck was too clever for him and Francois never saw him actually starting a fight．One night in camp，the dogs saw a snow rabbit and in a second they were all chasing it，with Spitz in front．Nearby was another camp，with fifty dogs，who also Joined the chase．The rabbit was running fast on top of the snow，but the snow was soft，and it was more difficult for the dogs．When Spitz caught the rabbit，throwing it in the air with his teeth，Buck was just behind．Spitz stopped，and Buck hit him，very hard．The two dogs fell in the snow．Spitz bit Buck very quickly，twice，and then jumped away，watching carefully．The time had come，and Buck knew that either he or Spitz must die．They watched one another，circling slowly．The moon was shining brightly on the snow，and in the cold still air not a leaf moved on the trees．The other dogs finished eating the rabbit and then turned to watch．Spitz was a good fighter．He was full of hate and anger，but he was also intelligent．Every time Buck tried to bite his throat，he met Spitz's own teeth．Then，each time Buck attacked，Spitz moved and bit him on the side as he passed．After a few minutes，Buck was covered in blood．He attacked again，but this time turned at the last minute and went under Spitz，biting his left front leg．The bone broke，and Spitz was standing on three legs．Buck tried to knock Spitz down，and then repeated his earlier attack and broke Spitz's right front leg．There was no hope for Spitz now．Buck got ready for his final attack，while the circle of sixty dogs watched，and crowded nearer and nearer，waiting for theend．At last Buck jumped，in and out，and Spitz went down in the snow．A second later the waiting pack was on top of him，and Spitz had disappeared．Buck stood and watched．The wild animal had made its kill．4 The new lead-dog‘Well，what did I say？Buck’ s a real fighter，all right，’ said Francoi s the next morning when he discovered that Spitz had disappeared and that Buck was covered in blood．‘Spitz fought like a wolf，’said Perrault，as he looked at the bites all over Buck．‘And Buck fought like ten wolves，’ answered Francois．‘And we'll travel f aster now．No more Spitz，no more trouble．’Francois started to harness the dogs．He needed a new lead－dog，and decided that Solleks was the best dog that he had．But Buck jumped at Solleks and took his place．‘Look at Buck！’ said Francois，laughing．‘He's k illed Spitz，and now he wants to be lead－dog．Go away，Buck！’He pulled Buck away and tried to harness Solleks again．Solleks was unhappy too．He was frightened of Buck，and when Francois turned his back，Buck took Solleks’ place again．Now Francois was angry．‘I'll show you！’ he cried，and went to get a heavy club from the sledge．Buck remembered the man in the red coat，and moved away．This time，when Solleks was harnessed as lead-dog，Buck did not try to move in．He kept a few metres away and circled around Francois carefully．But when Francois called him to his old place in front of Dave，Buck refused．He had won his fight with Spitz and he wanted to be lead－dog．For an hour the two men tried to harness him．Buck did not run away，but he did not let them catch him．Finally，Francois sat down，and Perrault looked at his watch．It was getting late．The two men looked at one another and smiled Francois walked up to Sol-leks，took off his harness，led him back and harnessed him in his old place．Then he called Buck．All the other dogs were harnessed and the only empty place was now the one at the front But Buck did not move．‘Put down the club，’ said Perrault．Francois dropped the club，and immediately Buck came up to the front of the team．Francois harnessed him ，and in a minute the sledge was moving．Buck was an excellent leader．He moved and thought quickly and led the other dogs well．A new leader made no difference to Dave and Solleks；they continued to pull hard ．But the other dogs had had an easy life when Spitz was leading．They were surprised when Buck made them work hard and punished them for their mistakes Pike，the second dog，was usually lazy；but by the end of the first day he was pulling harder than he had ever pulled in his life．The first night in camp Buck fought Joe，another difficult dog，and after that there were no more problems with him．The team started to pull together，and to move faster and faster．‘I've never seen a dog like Buck！’cried Francois，‘Never！He's worth a thousand dollars ．What do you think，Perrault？’Perrault agreed．They were moving quickly，and covering more ground every day The snow was good and hard，and no new snow fell．The temperature dropped to 45° below zero，and didn't change．This time there was more ice on the Thirty Mile River，and they crossed in a day．Some days they ran a hundred kilometres，or even more They reached Skagway in fourteen days；the fastest time ever．For three days the dogs rested in Skagway．Then Francois put his arms around Buck's neck and said goodbye to him．And that was the last of Francois and Perrault．Like other men，they passed out of Buck's life for ever．Two new men took Buck and his team back north on the long journey to Dawson，travelling with several other dog－teams．It was heavy work；the sledge was loaded with letters for the gold miners of Dawson．Buck did not like it，but he worked hard，and made the other dogs work hard，too．Each day was the same．They started early，before it was light，and at night they stopped and camped and the dogs ate．For the dogs this was the best part of the day，first eating，then resting by the fire．Buck liked to lie by the fire，looking at the burning wood．Sometimes he thought about Mr. Miller's house in California．More of ten he remembered the man in the red coat and his club，the death of Curly，the fight with Spitz，and the good things that he had eaten But sometimes he remembered other things These were things that he remembered through his parents，and his parents parents，and all the dogs which had lived before him．Sometimes as he lay there，he seemed to see，in a waking dream，a differentfire．And he saw next to him，not the Indian cook，but another man，a man with shorter legs，and longer arms．This man had long hair and deep eyes，and made strange noises in his throat He was very frightened of the dark，and looked around him all the time，holding a heavy stone in his hand ．He wore the skin of an animal on his back，and Buck could see thick hair all over his body．Buck sat by the fire with this hairy man，and in the circling darkness beyond the fire he could see many eyes—the eyes of hungry animals waiting to attack．And he growled softly in his dream until the Indian cook shouted，‘Hey，Buck，wake up！’Then the strange world disappeared and Buck's eyes saw the real fire again．When they reached Dawson，the dogs were tired，and needed a week's rest But in two days they were moving south again，with another heavy load of letters．Both dogs and men were unhappy．It snowed every day as well，and on soft new snow it was harder work pulling the sledges．The men took good care of their dogs．In the evenings，the dogs ate first，the men second，and they always checked the dogs’ feet before they slept．But every day the dogs became weaker．Buck had pulled sledges for three thousand kilometres that winter，and he was as tired as the others．But Dave was not only tired；he was ill．Every evening he lay down the minute after the sledge stopped，and did not stand up until morning．The men looked at him，but they could find no broken bones．Something was wrong inside．One day he started to fall down while in his harness．The sledge stopped，and the driver took him out of his harness．He wanted to give him a rest，and let him run free behind the sledge．But Dave did not want to stop working．He hated to see another dog doing his work，so he ran along beside the sledge，trying to pushSol-leks out of his place．When the sledge made its next stop，Dave bit through Sol-leks’ harness and pushed him away．Then he stood there，in his old place in front of the sledge，waiting for his harness and the order to start pulling．The driver decided it was kinder to let him work．Dave pulled all day，but the next morning he was too weak to move．The driver harnessed up without Dave，and drove a few hundred metres．Then he stopped，took his gun，and walked back．The dogs heard a shot，and then the man came quickly back．The sledge started to move again；but Buck knew，and every dog knew，what had happened．5 More hard work。
野性的呼唤缩写作文英文
野性的呼唤缩写作文英文英文：The call of the wild is something that has always intrigued me. It's this primal instinct that seems to tugat my soul, beckoning me to explore the untamed beauty of nature. I can't help but feel a sense of freedom and exhilaration when I hear the howl of a wolf or the roar ofa lion. It's like a reminder that there is a world outthere that is wild and unbridled, waiting to be discovered.I remember one particular experience when I was hikingin the mountains. As I made my way through the dense forest, I could hear the rustling of leaves and the chirping of birds. Suddenly, I heard a deep, guttural growl that sent shivers down my spine. It was a bear, and I could feel my heart racing as I tried to remember what I had read about encountering wild animals. In that moment, I felt a surgeof adrenaline and a rush of fear, but also a strange senseof excitement. It was as if I was being tested by the wild,and I had to rely on my instincts to stay safe.The call of the wild isn't just about encountering dangerous animals, though. It's also about connecting with the natural world in a way that feels raw and authentic. Whether it's watching a sunset over the savanna or feeling the spray of a waterfall on my face, there's something about being in the wild that makes me feel alive.中文：野性的呼唤一直让我着迷。
关于《野性的呼唤》书的英语金句
关于《野性的呼唤》书的英语金句积累一些好的句子在写作之中是很重要的，小编今天给大家分享关于《野性的呼唤》英语金句赏析，有需要的朋友可以收藏起来参考一下。
《野性的呼唤》金句赏析《野性的呼唤》，又名《荒野的呼唤》(The Call of the Wild)，是美国作家杰克·伦敦创作的中篇小说。
作品讲述巴克原是米勒法官家的一只爱犬，经过了文明的教化，一直生活在美国南部加州一个温暖的山谷里。
后被卖到美国北部寒冷偏远、盛产黄金的阿拉斯加，成了一只拉雪橇的狗。
该作以一只狗的经历表现文明世界的狗在主人的逼迫下回到野蛮，写的是狗，也反映人的世界。
以下是其金句赏析：1.He got two experience in spite of this gathering in crowds and groups: when fighting, trying to protect themselves;他在这成群结队的刁难中明白了两条经验：在打群架的时候，要设法保护自己;2.In the battle with a single dog, to try to use the shortest time to call each other to eat the biggest loss.在跟单个狗战斗的时候，要设法用最短的时间叫对方吃最大的亏。
3.The paradox of life is that there is a state that marks the peak of life and beyond life. When a person is extremely active thoroughly forget yourself, this realm silently appeared.生活的矛盾之处在于有一种境界标志着生命的顶峰甚至超越了生命。
当一个人极度活跃彻底地忘掉自我的时候，这种境界便悄无声息地出现。
TheCallOfTheWild野性的呼唤英文读书笔记（合集5篇）
TheCallOfTheWild野性的呼唤英文读书笔记（合集5篇）第一篇：The Call Of The Wild 野性的呼唤英文读书笔记A dog’s legend , Jack London’s most famous novel, was published in 1903.It tells us a story about a dog named Buck who is stolen from a rich and very comfortable home and has to struggle for survival.Buck is a very strong dog.After he is stolen, he also be sold many times and eventually he starts his gold-rush-trip as an Alaskan sled dog and enters the very wasteland which is far away from human civilization.But he amazingly adapts to the life which is of much challenges and he loves there very much.During the time he adjusts himself to the cruel world he is aware of the principle about survival of the fittest and the tenet of the nature and justice.The terrible living environment makes him to learn not only to be cunning but also hypocritical.He knows that only in doing so can he survive from the fierce competition.And more often than not he can thoroughly make full use of his ability that he learned.After conquers every contention with other dogs, he certainly becomes the leader of the dogs.During the hardly way of sled, the master changes several times and Buck encounters John Thornton, one of his masters, and finally Buck and John Thornton becomes very good friends.The master John pulls him out of awful donkey works and gives him comfort.He also saves John’s life more than one time as repaying an obligation.At last, John Thornton, the master of Buck and the one Buck deeply loves is killed by Indians.Buck is very grievous and he revenges his dead master.Then he enters the wild and responses to the mysterious call of the wild which he yearns for a long time.At last, he becomes a veritable wolf, and of course the leader of thewolves.John Thornton is not only a dog-lover but also a brave and venturous man.He is so straightforward and simple that makes him an accommodating man.Once he firmly roots a goal into his heart, it seems that nothing could prevent him from accomplishing it except death.I do not know whether the persistence is the most vital element to make a man successful, but what I know is that you are not far away from success once you occupy it.Although Buck is a dog, but his tough way of life and his attitude to the life can absolutely reflect the real world of the author’s age.What’s more, the connotation the story wants to tell us is the inevitable result of the development of capitalism.It teaches us if we want to survive we must perfect ourselves now and then and we should know the real meaning of the theory “the survival of the fittest”.Simultaneously the author suggests that in the competitive society and the austere natural environment only the person who is of enormous perseverance and strength can have the possibility of survival.In the story, the relationship between human and dog changes along with the attitude that human treats the dog.But unfortunately, Buck never receives equal love and respect from human being.Actually, the author also wants to appeal for the humanity and sympathy for animals as well.In a word, the novel is meaningful and it is of much artistic charm.I really enjoy it.第二篇：野性的呼唤读书笔记勃兰是莱克郡学院，密苏里哥伦比亚学院夜校兼职英文讲师，剧作家、短篇小说家、诗人和评论家。
(完整版)野性的呼唤(英文版)
The Call of the Wild: Background
The gold prospectors, known as “Klondikers,” faced harsh conditions: • temperatures 40 degrees below zero • starvation and
The Call of the Wild
Born: January 12, 1876 San Francisco, California United States Died: November 22, 1916 (aged 40) Glen Ellen, California United States Occupation :Novelist, journalist, short story writer and essayist
River
the United States
The CallIn August 1896, gold was discovered in Rabbit Creek in the Yukon Territory of western Canada.
The Call of the Wild: Background
Jack London
A realistic writer
Life Experiences
Writing Style
Major Works
Life Experiences
1890
child laborer in a cannery (at 14)
野性的呼唤(thecallofthewild)习题及答案
The Call of the Wild一、故事简介：从小生活在温室环境中的巴克被偷着拐卖到原始荒野当雪橇狗。
残酷的现实触动了巴克由于人类文明的长久熏陶而向大自然回归的本能和意识。
恶劣的生存环境锻炼了巴克，他在历练中不断成长．最终通过战胜狗王斯匹茨而赢得了拉雪橇狗群中的头把交椅。
当残暴的哈尔将巴克打得遗体鳞伤、奄奄一息时，约翰·桑顿的解救让巴克感受到温暖并决定誓死效忠恩主，但恩主的遇害彻底打碎了巴克对于人类社会的留恋，从而促使巴克坚定决心，毅然走向荒野，回归自然。
二、考题1.The author of “The Call of the wild” is Jack London .2.( D）The main idea of the extracts above is probably that .A.It was not easy for Buck, a dog from the south, to live in the north.B.Buck, a dog from the south, began to learn lessons from thehard life in the north.C.Some people were evil enough to steal dogs and sell them for moneyD.Buck, a dog from the south, was explosed to harsh environment in the north.3.（B）What kind of dog did the gold-seeker want They wanted .A.Heavy dogsB.strong long-haired dogsC.Small dogs with furry coatsD.Fierce dogs good at fighting4.（B）Manuel stole and sold Buck because .A.he needed money to support his familyB.he spent more than he earnedC.Judge Miller was cruel to himD.Buck bit and hated him5.（ D ）The fat man cruelly beat Buck with a club to .A.make him unconsciousB.punish himC.kill him for his rageD.make him obey6.（B）During the imprisonment on the train, Buck was desperate for .A.foodB. drinkC. a blanketD. friends7.（ C ）Where did dogs sleep in the cold winter They slept .A.in the campB.near the fireC.under the snowD.in the forest8.（ C ）How many huskies were there in the team of nine dogsA.EightB. SevenC. SixD. Five9.（C）The huskies from a nearby Indian village came to the camp .A.to fight with the team dogsB.to watch the flight between Buck and SpitzC.to look for foodD.to growl with each other10.（C）The indian dogs that attacked the team of Perraultand Francois can be said to be all of the following but .A.bony and skinnyB.wild and war-likeC.strong and fairD.hungry and crazy11.（D）Buck soon learned that Perrault and Francois .A.were as bad as the fat man who hit him with a clubB.liked him as much as Mr. Miller didC.only knew how to make dogs work for themD.were fair and honest men12.（B）Francois made four little shoes for Buck because .A.Buck worked the hardestB.Buck’s feet were not hard enough yetC.Buck was Francois’ favourite dogD.Buck asked for them insistently13.（B）Why is Buck a dangerous rival to Spitz Because .A.Buck is largerB.Buck is more intelligentC.Buck is more patientD.Buck is more cruel14.（B）During the first part of the flight, .A.Spitz suffered from serious woundsB.Buck was too eager to attack wiselyC.Buck was untouchedD.Spitz ran away for fear15.（A）Buck won the battle for survival because of his .A.imaginationB.strenghthC.experienceD.courage16.Buck’s trying to be the new lead-dog proves all that is in his nature except D .A.IntelligentB. ambitionC. hard workD. timidness17.（B）What made Dave happy .A.Eating his portion of foodB.Being in harnessC.Spending the night in the snowD.Becoming the leader of the dog team18.（B）After the gamble, Thornton and his partners traveled in the wilderness .A.with a lot of foodB.in search of an old gold mineC.steadily day after dayD.with a mapped destination19.( C )At the end of their wandering, they found .A.the lost gold mineB.fifty pounds of gold dustC.a valley rich in goldD.a treasure island20.（C）Buck cornered a wolf many times .A.to frighten himB.to fight with himC.to make friends with himD.to pay tricks on him21.（ A ）A moose could kill his enemy with .A.its horns and hoofsB.its heavy weightC.its patienceD.its intelligence22.（ A ）The Yeehats used as their weapons.A.arrowsB. gunsC. knivesD. sleds23.The author’s purpose in telling this story is to .A.reveal some people’s cruelty to animalsB.remind us of the contribution of dogs in the exploitation of the northC.point out that dogs can also be good workersD.demonstrate how dogs, like humans, learn to adapt themselves to a new life24.What do you know about dogs Use some words to describe them. Carnivorous, Friendly, Dangerous, Useful, Intelligent, Loyal, Faithful, Domesticated, Strong.25.What country does Alaska belong toThe USA.26.Where is Alaska locatedIn the north west of Canada.27.What is the climate likeIt is very cold and often snows heavily in winter.28.What wild animals live therePolar bears, brown bears, wolves, eagles and foxes.29.Who were the first inhabitants of AlaskaThe first inhabitants of Alaska arrived from Asia during the Ice Age.30.Why did Alaska suddenly became famous at the end of the 19th centuryPeople discovered gold there.31.How did Buck feel when he saw the rope around his neck was given to a stangerHe was angry.32.What’s the introduction into the world of primitive law Obeying the man with the club.33.How was Buck taken from South California to the northFirst by train and then by ship.34.What did Buck mean by“fair play”Respect and treat each other in a decent way.35.What lessons did he learn to help him surviveHe learned how to dig a hole in the snow to keep warm while sleeping, how to behave while pulling the sled and how to steal food without being caught to avoid hunger.36.What type of men are Perrault and FrancoisThey are hard workers who are not afraid to take risks and determined to get their destination.37.What does Francois mean when he says:‘he’ll chew Spitz and spit him out on the snow’Francois thinks Buck will eventually defeat Spitz.38.Why was Buck called ‘the primitive beast’Because he used his primitive instincts to win the fight.39.How did the men feel when they knew that Spitz was dead They were not surprised and thought there wouldn’t be trouble in the team anymore.40.What did Francois and Perrault think about Buck WhyThey thought that Buck was very good because he knew how to make the dog team work well.41.What did Buck dream aboutBuck dreamed about a primitive man.42.What was the ‘earlier world’ that Buck dreamed ofThe ‘earlier world’ was a world thousands of years ago.43.Who was the ‘short, hairy man’The ‘short, hairy man’ was a primitive man.44.Why was this world important to BuckThis world was important to Buck because by following his instincts he was getting closer and closer to an older and more promitive way of life.45.What happened to DaveDave got ill and was shot to death.46.What were Buck’s new owners likeBuck’s new owners were two men and a woman. The men were out of place and the woman was unhelpful. They were unorganised.47.Both men were clearly out of place, and why people like them had come to the north was a mystery. What does the italicized part ‘out of place’ meanThey were not suitable and incapable.48.Why couldn’t the dogs move the sled though they pulled hard Because the sled was frozen to the ground.49.Why was it inevitable that Charles and Hal were certain to failThey lacked experience in mastering dogs as well as the surrounding. What’s more, they always disagreed with each other on everything.50.What does the phrase ‘ dead tired’ meanExtremely tired.51.Why did the food of the team go shortBecause they lacked order, discipline, and careful calculation.52.What happened to DubHal shot him with his pistol.53.What kind of person was MercedesChangeable, timid, sympathetic.54.What happened to BillieHal killed him with an axe.55.What’s Thornton’s reaction to their question WhyShort and cold answers. Because he knew they wouldn’t follow his advice.56.What did Hal do when Buck refused to advanceHe whipped and clubbed Buck cruelly.57.What did Buck sense when he refused to goDanger close at hand.58.What happened to the teamThey all fell into the river and disappeared.59.How has Buck changed from the start of the storyBuck has learnt how to survive in any situation.60.What kind of dog is he nowHe is strong and intelligent with a highly developed survival instinct.61.Why did Buck attack ‘Black’ BurtonBecause Burton punched Thornton unexpectedly.62.Why did Buck love his master so muchBecause Thornton understood and loved him.63.In the gamble, which side did most people support Mathewson’s side against Thornton.64.What is the ‘mysterious thing that called’It is Buck’s natural instinct calling to him.65.How did Buck feel when he ran with his wild brother Happy.66.Why did Buck decide to leave the wolfBecause he didn’t want to leave Thornton.67.On entering the forest, what did Buck becomeA wild thing.68.What changed in Buck now WhyBuck no longer felt the need to stay in civilised society asThornton was dead. He was free to become wild.69.Who was the ‘Ghost Dog’Buck.70.How did Buck gradually change from a peaceful household pet into a wild beast who returned to the forestBuck, a pet dog, was stolen and sold to be a sled dog in the north. In the hostile environment, Buck learnt how to survive in dealing with different masters and dogs. At last, Buck lived with his wild brothers in the forest.71.What things did Buck learn in his first few days in Alaska Buck learned how to survive.72.What is the significance of Spitz in the storySpitz was Buck’s antagonist in the story. In order to defeat Spitz, Buck became cunning and fierce.73.What was the problem with Buck’s feet, and how did Francois solve itBuck’s feet were soft and Francois made little shoes for him.74.What did the Huskies do at nine, twelve and three o’clock each night in DawsonWhy is this important in Buck’s developmentThe huskies howled at these times. This helped Buck get in touch with his primitive side.75.What helped Buck’s team break the record on the way back from Dawson with Francois and PerraultThey made the record run because the weather conditions were good.76.What trick did Buck use to beat Spitz in the final fight Buck pretended he was going to jump and bite in the usual placebut at least minute he attacked Spitz a different way.77.When Buck lay by the fire who and what did he dream about How is this connected to the title of the bookBuck dreamt of an ancient primitive world and a man living in that world. His dream represents the ‘Wild’ in the title of the book.78.Who bought Buck and his team when they got back to Skaguay What were these men likeTwo men from the States bought Buck and the team. They lacked order and discipline. The men did not know how to do anything.79.How does Buck come to live with John ThorntonJohn Thornton saw Hal hitting Buck and he intervened and saved him.80.Who does Buck meet in the forest What do they do togetherHe meets a wolf and they run through the forest together.81.What happens at the camp while Buck is awayThe camp is attacked by Yeehat Indians and all the men are killed.82.What does Buck do in the endIn the end Buck becomes wild.83.Trace the changes Buck makes throughout the story. What is he like at the beginning What is he like at the endAt the start of the book Buck is strong and good-natured. He belongs to Judge Miller and has an easy and comfortable life. At the end of the book he has developed his survival instinct to the full and has returned to the primitive world.84.How does Buck react when he sees what has happened at John Thornton’s campBuck rushes at the Yeehat Indians like a hurricane attacking and killing them.85.How does Buck win the respect of the wolf packHe wins the respect of the wolf pack by defending himself and fighting them off.86.Who tells the story ‘The Call of the Wild’ Buck John Thornton Another character Who else Explain the reason for your choice.The story is told by a third person narrator who is not in the story.87.How is the story ‘The Call of the Wild’ toldWith a linear plot that moves directly from A to B to C. 88.What is the effect of this way of story-telling Think of thebooks and stories you have read. How are they toldThis gives us a sense of Buck’s development and how events affect and change him.89.How many years does the book coverThe book covers a period of more than two years.90.What are the main events in the story ‘The Call of the Wild’Buck’s arrival in Alaska.91.What events in the story bring Buck closer to ‘the wild’His instincts, his dreams and his meeting with the wolf.92.What does London mean at the end of the story when he says that Buck ‘howls out the song of the younger world’He means that Buck is still not in touch with his wilder, primitive side.。
野性的呼唤英文读后感英文版
野性的呼唤英文读后感英文版野性的呼唤英文读后感英文版（精选11篇）《野性的呼唤》，又名《荒野的呼唤》（The Call of the Wild），美国著名作家杰克伦敦所著。
作品以一只狗的经历表现文明世界的狗在主人的逼迫下回到野蛮，写的是狗，也反映人的世界。
热望本已在，蓬勃脱尘埃；沉沉长眠后，野性重归来。
巴克原是米勒法官家的一只爱犬，经过了文明的教化，一直生活在美国南部加州一个温暖的山谷里。
后被卖到美国北部寒冷偏远、盛产黄金的阿拉斯加，成了一只拉雪橇的狗。
以下是小编为大家带来的野性的呼唤英文读后感英文版，希望大家喜欢。
野性的呼唤英文读后感英文版篇1“When the long winter nights come on and the wolves follow their meat into the lower valleys, he may be seen running at the head of the back through the pale moonlight or glimmering borealis, leaping gigantic above his followers, his great throat a bellow as he sings a song of the younger world, which is the song of the pack.”There was a script about the savage life in the frozen north of ice and snow. There were the unexplored north areas of America and the 19th-century Klondike Gold Rush which dragged men from the entire world into the hard wild to look for gold. There was a road where a gigantic dog like human fought his way to struggle in the wasteland. There was a civilized beast grew from mildness to wildness. And there came the call of the wild.The background and plotIn the 19th century, it was said that gold had been found in the Klondike area in Northern California of vast wilderness, so thousands of people rushed into this uncultivated ground to seekfor gold and fortune, which needed a large quantity of dogs to support for the transportation. There came up Buck story which we can’t define it as luckiness or unluckiness.Buck, a dog weighed one hundred and forty pounds, tall, strong, and heavy muscled, lived a cozy and comfortable life in a rich family of a Judge named Miller, but was soled by evil gardener to two dog dealers and was took to Alaska as a sled dog.Led by his second masters, two governmental couriers, he studied how to pull a sled and how to live in this cruel world where needed more cunning behavior and less fake moral and courtesy. For example, he learned to sleep in the snow hole to get warmness from the clod nights, and he learned to thief bacon and food from his masters and neighboring camps, as well as that, he learned how to fight effectively and efficiently with his antagonists and survive of the combat about the dominant leader with Spitz. In addition to those, he also went through the hardships in the toil on the ice layer, and he learned how to obtain the victory and stand on the wilderness which was beneficial to himself who can only fit the environment, but can’t defy the harness.After the arduous trace and trail, they finally reached the destination, and then, after a short break, dogs including Buck led by a Scotch half-breed man stepped again on the ice land with the Salt Water Mail. It was a hard trip and a monotonous life operating like machine that dogs must undertake the heave pulling and poor condition where they were tired and short of weight. Buck’ partner, Dave who had something wrong inside suffered most of all, but pride as he was, pulling the sled was his holy missionary job which can fulfill his life and must be doneuntil his death. However, the tough work was still continuous.Thirty days passes, by which time Buck and his mates found how really tired and weak they are until they arrived at the last town. They were in a wretched state, worn out and worn out, which was not the tiredness that came from a brief and excessive effort and can be recovered from some hours’ rest, but was the dead tiredness that came through the slow and prolonged strength drainage of months of toil and had to need a long vocation to evacuate. Nevertheless, only three days after they were bought by a family including a foolish woman, a callow and ignorant youngster, and a middle aged man with weak and watery eyes. Never mind of dog’s frazzle, the third masters t ried their best to lash out at them with whip, but Buck was not under very good command and not proud and interested of this career. Until they reached at the camp of Thornton, with the natural instinct and extreme weariness, Buck tolerated the whip from his so called masters and refused to go ahead which was his luckiness to meet his last master, Thornton.Without doubt, Thornton was a good master, full of wisdom, intelligence and love who can manage Buck’s life comfortably and in order. By the careful attendance form his new master, Buck was on his feet quickly and solidly. Filled with the loying love toward his master, Buck companied him, saved his life for several times and helped him win the gambling party. Then, they faced into the East on an unknown trail to achieve where men and dogs as good as themselves has failed, as the call from the wild became stronger and stronger which attracted Buck to leave the civilization to look for. The knife that cut out the bound of Buck between his masters was the mas ter’s deaths which left a void in the dog’s heart and a strengthened calling from the wild.Buck, a civilized dog, finally went back to wolves after thousands of generation by singing a song of the younger world, which is the song of the pack.Survive of the fittestThe Call of the Wild abounded in Darwinism which advocated the evolutionism and natural selection theory.In the process of having to leave the comfortable Miller’s house and adapt to the harsh primitive snowfield, Buck went through the changes from the mildness to wildness where he studied the law of club and fang and admitted the rule of failure without progress. “He had learned well the law of club and fang, and he never forewent an advantage or drew back from a foe he had started on the way t o death.” “He must master or be mastered,” “Kill or be killed, eat or be eaten, was the law; and this mandate, down out of the depths of time, he obeyed.”After analysis, we can find that related to the Darwinism, learning ability was an important factor of the victory of living of Buck. As a south dog living in the rich family and innocent environment, Buck was not wary of Manuel’s uncommon behavior, but situation has changed entirely after a period of barbaric life: he showed hostility to his all possible mates and took precaution of everything. As well as that, throwing away the moral standard and facing the death of starvation, Buck had an ability of thief. “This first theft marked Buck as fit to survive in the hostile Northland environment. It marked his adaptability, his capacity to adjust himself to changing conditions, the lack of which would have meat swift and terrible death.” In addition to those, his muscles became hard as iron, and he grew dumb to all ordinary pain, and he can successful take full use of all the elements no matter internal or external. That’s the progressionof Buck which can equip him with thick helmets from being hurt deeply and made him be the fittest.Not only did he learnt by experience, but instincts long dead became alive again. Maybe knowledge acquired by learning was Buck’s left hand, instincts his right. Good pedigree set up his first sense of a tall, strong and muscular potential king, while the instinct helped him to learn fast and save his life. “It was no task for him to learn to fight with cut and slash and the quick wolf snap.” “They came to him without effort or discovery, as though they had been his always.”Buck changed as his living environment changed. With the change of environment, Buck, compared to the previous southern family dog that was mild and gentle, acquired many abilities and skills. He tried his best to live by becoming cunning, cold-blood, and cruel which make him step forward on the road of corpse and blood. Survive of the fittest which is demonstrated by adaptation to the environment and wielding the law to protect himself and attack on others made him roared on the top of the food chain and return to wolves.All what Buck has done was not due to his reason and thought, but due to his fit. He was fit to everything surrounding him unconsciously and put him to the new way of living quickly.“The theory, ‘Survival of the fittest’, is the law of biological evolution which implies that plants or animals adapt to the environment to survive or to dieit is the biological survival rule of brutal biosphere.” That is to say, the key of this law is that those who can fit the environment can survive, on the contrary, those failed to fit would be obsolete under the rule of elimination.Peeping at Buck and his struggle, we can have a vision of us human that was also fighting in the battlefield with our matesand against our enemy. Filled with bustling stuff, we tried our best to stand on the top of right and authority only because that position would give us more materials and the sense of pride which we depended on to live. Flowers in the greenhouse didn’t know about the hardship of living, so they showed goodwill and send aroma to others; while life in the ice field where wind was blowing like knife and thick snow can bury people only showed a will of survive and cut up the useless goodness to wear on the coldness.We must do it because we had to do it. The pack of animal was like a society of people. Death and genocide would happen on us if we were not willing to fit the environment thoroughly. To dance with the shackle of survive of the fittest was the policy we should carry out forever, the reason why our human stood on the top of biologic chain, and the rule of living of every individual.My opinion on virtue and viceSome people had said virtue was the biggest treasure that human should obey. There is no doubt that kindness, loyalty, honor, love, companionship, sympathy, mercy, and other virtue should be followed. However, I argue that there is transformation between different virtue and even the virtue and vice.Showing the feature of three animals: dog, wolf and human, Buck was the bridge that connected the past and present. As the production of human civilization, dog was evolved from wolf and they would still howl on the wilderness if human didn’t raise and train them.Buck was a mirror from which we can see ourselves. Through this dog, writer told us that only in a place where sun darted its forth beams and everything was in order human will wear the coat of basic goodness, otherwise, kindness would be eliminatedif it met with the club and fang. In the cruel process of primitive accumulation of capitalism, mercy and sympathy was not needed for those quality can lead to death of innocent people. In the period of survive of the fittest, life was not concerned with civilization, while wilderness was the real marrow of life and echoing for the wilderness was the beginning of revival. Buck realized that “Mercy did not exist in the primordial life. It was misunderstood for fear, and such misunderstanding made for death.” This phenomenon can be seen in dogs as well as human. Wilderness were calling for human and eliminating the kindness in human’s heart stealthily.In A Treatise of Human Nature, British philosopher David Hume has said moral came from human’s emotion and conscience but not rationality. The essence of moral existed in the perceptual knowledge, but not rational knowledge. Therefore, the reason why moral distinctions had the division of virtue and vice was that the judgment of moral came from human’s attitude toward their internal actions and external objects. The judgment of moral came from our interest appeal; that is to say, the judgment of moral came from what was good to us, but not what is good.Let us think the question that which direction of Buck’s change to a beast was, progression or retrogression? The answer was that we can’t answer because he survived due to that he threw away those so called virtue and carry out those so called villainy. All what Buck did was under the pressure of living, and he responded to the call of the wild only because he wanted to live. Maybe in the comfortable and civilized Judge’s house, he would stick to the standard of moral and protect the respect of Judge’s riding wh ip by dying under his whip. But in this coldfield, sticking to those so called moral was a fool. Possibly in this kind of world, brutality, cold-bloodedness, cunning and so on was the moral.The division of virtue and vice was the refection of the division of civilization and wilderness to some degree. Maybe we can’t define what moral was and what vice was now in some scene, but we can try to last for enough time to seek for the answer.Run after the free lifeThe call from the wild stood for human’s natur e to run after a simple, independent and free life.Buck was bored of the complex life where he must deal with such a big net of relationship. He just wanted to run and leap through the forest, howled under the grey moonlight, ate what he liked and killed what he liked without many rules to obey. No one desired to live a complicated life for it’s difficult and tiring to reckon other people, while life in the wilderness was just that eat or eaten, kill or killed and there was no middle ground. Easy and simple life was set up on the uncivilized world where creatures didn’t have so much relation and elements to consider. Only being independent from all that can we find what we wanted.When unpracticed Charles and his relatives sunk in a ice hole, writer said th at “A yawning hole was all that was to be seen.” That hole was a capitalistic vast mouth that can eat people, but which would be rotten if we escaped from it. “Here a yellow stream flows from rotted moosehide sacks and sinks into the ground, with long grasses growing through it and vegetable mould overrunning it and hiding its yellow from the sun.” The gold that Thornton got has become a yellow stream because theywere eroded by natural power and lost their value. Imagine in a world where was entirely natural and uncivilized, gold, a kind of iron and currency, was entirely futile, isn’t it?Being free of human world and even free of materials, Buck got a totally new life where he can run at the head of the pack through the pale moonlight to release his vitality and got comfort from nature. We needed materials actually, but material was void actually. How can we get free? To get free of our hearts.ConclusionThere are two sentences I’d like to mention. First, human beings, never degenerate into beasts. Second, beasts, never degenerate into human beings. Correctness of those two sentences should be discussed.Human’s progression began in the point when human beings evolved from wilderness period to civilization, but the retrogression also began at the point when people shared the feast of civilization. For us who are far away from the wilderness and raised and trained by civilization, this book gives us a new vision.Sometimes a picture floating in my mind: in the icy forest, a silhouette of Buck as a wolf caned his neck to howl toward the pale moonlight to echo the howling of pack. That’s the song of animal, and the chant of human, and the snarl of life.野性的呼唤英文读后感英文版篇2The Call of the Wild is London’s most-read book, and generally considered his best, the most masterpiece of his so-called “early period“.The story was set in 19th-century Klondike Gold Rush, in which sled dogs were bought at generous prices.Buck was a domestic dog in Judge Miller’s home and living a comfortable life until he was sold secretly by the poor gardenerand became a sled dog. Buck was a Bernard dog weighed one hundred and forty pounds, tall, strong, and hea一vy muscled. He couldn’t accommodate to the harsh condition at first. And he wanted to fight, to escape, to go back to his cozy home, but in vain.The man in red taught him the law of stick and club-one must first adjust himself to his surroundings and learn the rules, and only after that he can do what he wants to do. The club of the man in red called back Buck’s nature as a dog.When he firstly served for Fran?ois and Perrault, two couriers, he showed his superior ability to adapt to the environment and his smartness to learn everything he wanted to learn. Curly’s death astonished him and taught him to be cautious. And before he had recovered from the shock caused by the tragic passing of Curly, he was harnessed as a sled dog and step by step wanted to be the leader. But the leading dog, Spitz, was already an excellent one, who also considered Buck as enemy and potential competitor. At last, when Spitz once punished him, hurling backward Buck, he knew the time had come. He killed Spitz and took his place.When they pulled into Dawson, Buck was sold as useless thing to three gold diggers, who weren’t veteran in sledding and even didn’t k now how to get to their destination. Food was eaten up half way. So Charles, one of the three, decided to kill Buck when he couldn’t get up. However, when he aimed at Buck, John Thornton sprang upon him, knocked him down and told him that if Charles stroke Buck, Thornton would kill him.Thus, Thornton took Buck away. He was the only true friend of Buck. But Buck was a thing of the wild, especially when the calling of wolf from the hills. Once when he came back from hills,he found that Thornton was killed by Indians. What would you do if you were Buck when your beloved friend was killed? Buck became a nut and killed those headsmen and stayed with Thornton for two days and nights, never lea一ving Thornton out of his sight. And then a nearby wolf howl captures his ears, and he follows the sound to an approaching wolf pack, battling several of these creatures to prove his worth.野性的呼唤英文读后感英文版篇3At the beginning of this century, many new writers emerged with the introduction of many new ideas. Among them, Jack London was the most popular one.His most famous novel is the call of the wild . Although it is a story about a dog, Buck, it vividly depicts the life in the primitive North where people rushed for gold and fortune.Buck, used to belong to a judge, was kidnapped and sold to North. Then he became a member of a dog-team pulling a sled . In the days of pulling a snow-sled, he learned to conform to the law of nature and obey the master. Finally, he found a basic instinct hidden inside him, which enabled himself to survive the tough environment. This is the call of the wild.When you read the story, you will feel that Buck is a man instead of a dog, struggling with his fortune and conforming to the law of nature.Though short, it is really a thrilling story. What you never forget is the tough life in the nature, the brave and crafty dog. Maybe the wild is calling you to go ahead.While writing for only 16 years throughout his life, London produced an amazing body of work among which, White Fang, Martin Eden, the Valley of the Moon are representative.野性的呼唤英文读后感英文版篇4" He sings a song of the younger world, which is the song of the pack." (Chapter VII The Sounding of the Wild) When the last sentence vanished from my eyes, I can still perceive an echo of a song - a wild song, which knocks up my dizzy mind that always cheerfully sink into the so-called civilized world without questioning. Wild, is no longer a symbol of the law of jungle but a headspring where streams out love, passion, bravery, loyalty, friendship, venture, competition and tolerance all these virtues can easily be found in the Call of the Wild.Jack London (1876-1916) is a worldwide renowned novelist. His stories successfully reflect the contradictory views of man’s nature and destiny in and against the wild, and his "fight to survive" notion has gained him and his works timeless popularity, particularly, the Call of the WildIt tells a story of a gigantic dog, named Buck, who is stolen from a rich and comfortable home and forced to learn to survive as an Alaskan sled dog. Buck, at first, is too savage for the company of man until he coincidently encounters his beloved master-kindhearted John Thornton. Finally, John’s incidental death breaks Buck’s last tie to the man and drives him into his long-desired wild with his pack. In the story, Buck and John simply adopt themselves to answer the call of the wild. When it comes to Buck’s mind that one day he will eventually leave John- his master, all he wants to do is just to help him finish the gold-rush-trip. He " from then on, night and day, never put a halt, in desperation, he burst into long stretch of flight, did not to stay him (John)…" (Chapter VII The Sounding of The Wild) Buck wished to remember John’s image forever, he "for two days and nights never left camp, never let Thornton out of his sight. He followed him about at his work, watched him while saw him intoblankets at night and out of them in the morning…" (Chapter VII) When I read these words I just could not hold my tears bursting. Can a real man devote himself to loyalty and friendship in such a way? On the other hand, John Thornton is not only a dog-lover but also a brave and venturous man. He is so straightforward and simple that makes him an accommodating man. Once he firmly roots a goal into his heart, it seems that nothing could prevent him from accomplishing it except death. I do not know whether the persistence is the most vital element to make a man successful, but what I know is that you are not far away from success once you occupy it.It is Jack London who plunges me into the animated wild from the hustle-and-bustle and from desperate city. There, I merely cannot deny the attraction of Buck’s bark, which enlightens me to pursue another lost half of the nature in mankind, and to dig out a true meaning of life. Dare we imagine that London intentionally employs Buck to set us a model with perfect characters (count barbarity out)? The answer is affirmed. We, as animals, are from the wild but shedding off more and more wild signs, which demonstrate us as the "uncivilized". However, who can fully guarantee that we have not overlooked some essential wild-endowed virtues? Especially, nowadays, it seems more crucial for us to stop looking at the post-industrialized world and to ponder for a while. When cheats, betrayals, lies, lusts and crimes stuff a materialized society, whether London uses this novel to help himself escape the reality or warn the earthy people, to us, modern man, is all the same.() It appears horrible that in modern society many people are enthusiastically talking about how to build up "special relations" to the authority, deceiving and lying to each other.To them life is a mask-wearing process rather than a hard work. Every time, you browse WebPages, scandals in politics, business, the entertainment circle and even on campus crowd into your eyes. Oh, what is the essence of human beings? What is the civilization to us? Do we need to look back at where we came from? Is it good or bad for us to speak out what we think and to do what the consciences demand us to? Are we wasting talents given by the mighty nature? Be an honest, straightforward, warmhearted, emotional and responsible man or be a shrewd, cold hearted and astute hypocrite? While embracing the "civilized" rubbish, we are losing those good virtues, which are the calls of the wild. Once we lose them, we are to lose ourselves, and we will get nowhere. I wish this dreadful thought is totally a fallacy, but, now, it is chilling me hard.One day when I happen to stand on the top of a grand mountain to observe a boundless prairie enveloped by the sapphire firmament and combed by gusts of the rhythmical west wind, a morning sun sprinkles me her warmth and brilliance in a graceful way, however, at that moment, I am afraid that I cannot appreciate these beauties, I am a lost " civilized man" then.野性的.呼唤英文读后感英文版篇5The story sounds like just a dog tale at first--a dog, Buck, is kidnapped from his comfortable life in California and sold as a sled dog for the Alaskan gold rush. While he endures the wilderness and the other dogs, Buck learns that survival comes only with tooth and fang. This lesson brings him very close to his forbears, the wolves.If you look deeper, Call of the Wild is as much a story of humans as it is a dog tale. Buck encounters various incompetent masters who try to break his spirit. Are we like this? But Buck alsolearns to trust a master who is gentle and gives love. We can be like this, too.Call of the Wild is not a story for the squeamish or very young. By involving us in the characters lives, Jack London tells the truth. It is a life-and-death war between the harsh land and the soul every day. There is blood, death, cruelty--but its the truth. 野性的呼唤英文读后感英文版篇6Book review: The call of the wildAs a type of novelette, I wasnt used to this cos Ive just finished HarryPotter so in occasions novelette wrote very briefly. The background of the author was very poor, and precisely the time to seek gold. Part of the novel means to expose the hardness of dogs at that time. Men were crazy about gold, the main character, Buck, was stolen by a Gardener of a lawyer who owns Buck.The man with the red sweater taught him the law of clubs, this was a good beginning. The trading road led him at last to two couriers, who knew how to treat dogs. Then the dog team was traded to a three-people family who were seeking good in Alaska. But they didnt know how to treat dogs and at last dogs and men were drowned in the water, except Buck. He was picked up by a man. And eventually Buck was back to the wild-where his ancestors had been.In my opinion a good novel could make readers cry, yell, etc.I clenched my fist when the Family treated the dog team badly, and had a wonderful feeling when the man picked up Buck and treated him like his own son. I t had feeling, this novel…野性的呼唤英文读后感英文版篇7As a dignified individual, survival seems to be the subject of our discussion forever. But in this hard way of survival, the desirefor "life", often let us forget the species. Buck was one of those dogs who worked hard to survive, developed a knack for hardship and eventually became the leader of the pack. But whether it is Barker, or the authors other characters, their hearts are full of longing and yearning for "life". But in this extreme environment and the human strength of the collision, we face the cruelty of competition, witness the true meaning of life.The hero of the novel is a dog named Buck. Set during the Alaskan Gold Rush, the story follows Buck as he climbs from a domesticated Southern dog to a barbarian state in order to survive in the treacherous conditions of the North. Buck is a huge cross dog, he was secretly sold from the family of the south, after several difficulties began to set foot on the road of gold, became a sled working dog, in the cruel domestication process, he realized the justice and the law of nature, the harsh living environment taught him the meaning of cunning and deceit, He took his own cunning and deceit to an unsurpassed level, and after a brutal, even mortal, struggle, he finally established himself as the leader dog. We can get a sense of the mental outlook of different people through the change of owners during the arduous sledding journey. It was in these movements, too, that Buck formed a deep and deep bond with the last master, who had rescued him from the most strenuous drudgery, and whom he had rescued many times. Finally, after the tragic death of his beloved master, he went out into the wilderness, answering the ancient wild call he had heard and yearned for so many times along the way.Buck was only a dog, but his arduous path reflected the true meaning of personal struggle in the age in which the writer lived. It was also a reflection of the naturalism prevalent in Americansociety during the period of the treacherous development of capitalism. On this road, in such a dangerous natural and social environment, only the elite and the strong have the possibility of survival. If they lack the ability to adapt to the changing conditions, it means a quick and tragic death. In front of the laws of nature, man is insignificant and helpless. Moreover, in the struggle for existence, any moral concept becomes "a kind of vanity and an obstacle". On the one hand, this shows the sinister living environment at that time, on the other hand, it also reveals the immoral side of the capitalist society. In such a society, under the action of natural law, the primitive desire, moral decay, the loss of civilization, all show incisively and vividly. Therefore, if survival is the highest goal of human activity, then the process of animal survival is the process of violent meeting and killing each other. Only through the struggle of the law of the jungle, can we ensure the continued survival of the "elite" or "strong" with competitive advantages. Therefore, it fully expresses the authors naturalism thought.The more civilized man is, the more stable his life is, so that in a civilized society things are laid out clearly and there are few accidents. But when something goes wrong, and its serious enough, its the end of the world for those who cant adapt. And Bucks experience also tells us: life is often intense and painful, but in fact it is more full of vitality and vitality and we want to be the strong of life.Thats what survival is all about. There is no justice. Once youre down, youre down. So be careful not to fall. Life on the road, there is no plain sailing, there is no constant, he often changes patterns to teach us to be strong, and we have to do is to accept his arrangement, in perseverance through the cold。
野性的呼唤(故事讲解)
“与世无争”的前提是实力强悍 像狗群另类——索尔莱克斯和戴夫，他们之 所以等做到 “与世无争”，是因为它们已 经在潜在竞争中获胜，因为强悍的实力保 证了它们的地位。若非如此，恐怕也早已 命丧黄泉。人生亦是如此，当你实力足够 强悍时，便自然不会太在意外界风雨。
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
伙伴科利之死
• 巴克的第一个朋友，被众狗活活撕碎。巴克第 一次明白竞争的重要性。
• 这个猝不及防的残酷的事实告诉巴克，在狗的 世界里，唯一的法则是“牙齿”。无论如何， 你绝对不能倒在对方的脚下，否则只有死路一 条。在人类所 谓的名言中有“胜者为王，败 者未寇”一说，而在巴克的世界里，败者连为 寇的资格也没有，你一旦倒下了，就会直接成 为砧板上任人宰割的鱼肉。
争夺“领队狗的位置”
• 在残酷的驯服过程中，巴克意识到了自 然的法制，恶劣的生存环境让它懂得为了 生存而不择手段，从而学到了狡猾与欺诈， 后来它自己将生存智慧发挥到了运用自如 的境界，最终以狗群惯有的“牙齿法则” 经过你死我活的争斗打败了斯匹茨，确立 了自己领头犬的地位。
狗群另类
• 在这个狗群中，有两只“与世无争”，强悍却 从不主动以武力示人的狗——索尔莱克斯和戴 夫。他们从不觊觎“领队狗”的位置，但他 们自己的位置也坚决不会拱手送人。他们对一 切世事都置若罔闻、视而不见，而只有在拉雪 橇、让他们处于自己应有的位置时才能让他们 活力四射。戴夫身受重伤仍 然不肯放弃，他 磕磕绊绊地竭尽所有的力气去拖曳雪橇，然而 最终还是望着远去的队伍发出了无奈而又痛彻 心扉的哀号……
新的主人
• 当残暴的主人哈尔将巴克打得遗体鳞伤、 奄奄一息时，约翰· 桑顿的解救让巴克感受 到温暖，最后，巴克与约翰.桑顿结下了难 舍难分的深情厚谊。虽然巴克仍能听到它 一路上多次聆听到的，非常向往的那种野 性的呼唤，但它并决定誓死效忠恩主。
The_Call_of_the_Wild_哲学
《野性的呼唤》是美国著名的小说家杰克·伦敦最著名的动物小说之一,它以其所包含的深刻的哲学思想、复杂的主题、生动活泼的语言、扣人心弦的情节和自然清新的艺术风格,而引起众多读者和评论家的注意。
本文主要从生命哲学的角度分析作品的思想主题,进而得出作者希望摆脱社会的桎梏,让生命返璞归真的美好愿望,号召大家响应作者对生命意识的呼唤。
Key words一介绍杰克·伦敦是美国19世纪末20世纪初著名的小说家。
他一生勤奋，在18年的创作生涯中发表了大量优美的小说。
在杰克·伦敦留给世人的文学遗产中，1903年发表的《野性的呼唤》是他最有代表性的作品。
{自然荒野中的野性}杰克·伦敦是美国文学史上一个传奇人物,虽然死时年仅40岁,但他留给我们大量的作品和丰富复杂的思想。
1876年1月12日,美国作家杰克·伦敦生于破产农民家庭,早年当过报童、工人、水手,到过日本。
1896年曾去加拿大北部淘金,这为他的创作积累了大量的素材。
他长期生活在社会底层,多年从事体力劳动,受尽了被剥削的痛苦。
他一面劳动,一面刻苦学习,发奋读书,靠惊人的毅力在创作上取得了成功。
他很早就接触了进步思想,但也深受尼采和斯宾塞的影响。
在《热爱生命》等短篇小说中反映了人同自然界的严酷斗争。
1902年曾以记者身份去英国,发表描写伦敦贫民的悲惨生活的《深渊中的人们》。
1904年发表长篇小说《海狼》,流露从生物学观点解释社会矛盾的倾向。
后相继完成长篇小说《铁蹄》,和自传性长篇小说《马丁·伊登》。
后期作品避开社会主题,显出同社会妥协的倾向,如《月谷》、《三颗心》等。
他在短暂的创作生涯中共创作了约50卷作品,其中最为著名的有《野性的呼唤》、《海狼》、《白牙》、《马丁·伊登》以及一系列优秀短篇小说。
他那带有传奇浪漫色彩的短篇小说,大多描写太平洋岛屿和阿拉斯加冰天雪地的土著人和白人生活,大部分都可说是他短暂一生的历险记。
The_call_of_the_wild_PPT
内容
• 在一个法官的家里过着养尊处优的生活 • 被法官那贪婪的助手给拐卖到一个训练狗拉雪橇 的人手里 • 到严寒的阿拉斯加岛上 拉雪橇 • 受尽了皮 肉和精神的双重折磨 • 渐渐适应了没有人性的生活 • 打败了他的对手，当 上 了领头军 • 换了主人，受尽鞭打。仁慈的桑顿带着他离开了 • 桑顿被土著居民打死，暴怒的巴克为了给主人报 仇咬死了许多人 • 最后它走向了那本属于他的—野性
• 4 The power of instinct本能的力量 • The spirit of Buck to survive and get over all kinds of difficulties is the wealth of humans. Humans need have a strong sense of instinct to get over pressures from nature or society in the process of fighting with nature巴克出于求生的本 能,不畏艰难困苦,战胜困难的精神是人类的精神财 富。人类在同自然界的斗争需要有一种出于本能 的顽强意志来克服自然界和社会生活中的种种压 力
Theme
• 1 The appreciation of hard work • No matter how hard the work is, Buck would get over and insist on it • 2 Love • Buck’s love to John Thornton is deep and crazy. He is willing to do everything for his master, even killed people. • 3 Naturalism (物竞天择，适者生存)Buck must make himself become strong in a cruel nature。So people should conform to the law of nature to adapt to the cruel society 在残酷的自然界，巴克不得不把自己变为强者。 人类也应该遵循自然法则使自己适应残酷的社会
野性的呼唤(故事讲解)
野性的呼唤
Jack London
[美]杰克.伦敦
生命总是在不断挣扎求存的过程中获得意义与力量。
作者简介
• 杰克· 伦敦（Jack London，1876年1月12日--1916年 11月22日） • 原名为约翰· 格利菲斯· 伦敦（John Griffith London）， 美国著名的现实主义作家，作品多讲述美国下层人 民的生活故事，揭露资本主义社会的罪恶。他的作 品大都带有浓厚的社会主义和个人主义色彩。他的 一生著述颇丰，16年中留下了19部长篇小说、150 多篇短篇小说以及大量文学报告集，还写了3个剧 本以及相当多的随笔和论文。最著名的有《马丁伊 登》、《野性的呼唤》、《白牙》、《热爱生命》、 《海狼》、《铁蹄》等小说。是最受中国读者欢迎 的外国作家之一。
新的主人
• 当残暴的主人哈尔将巴克打得遗体鳞、 奄奄一息时，约翰· 桑顿的解救让巴克感受 到温暖，最后，巴克与约翰.桑顿结下了难 舍难分的深情厚谊。虽然巴克仍能听到它 一路上多次聆听到的，非常向往的那种野 性的呼唤，但它并决定誓死效忠恩主。
桑顿之死，巴克回应呼唤
• 在淘金的过程中，桑顿死在了印第安人的 手里。巴克一怒咬断了很多印第安人的喉 咙，为桑顿报了仇。主人已死，巴克对人 类社会终于无所留恋，也无所牵挂。于是， 他追随着长久以来他所深深渴望的那神秘 的野性的呼唤进入了森林，他从心底热烈 回应着它，从此与狼共舞，过起了原始动 物的生活……
• 主人公：一条名叫巴克的狗。
• 故事梗概：整个故事以阿拉斯加淘金为背 景，讲述了在北方险恶的环境下，一条驯 化的南方狗巴克为了生存，如何退化到似 狗非狗，似狼非狼的野蛮状态的过程。
命运转变的开始
• 巴克本是一条的重达140磅的宠物狗，它被 贪心的仆人从南方主人家偷出来卖掉，几 经周折后开始踏上淘金的道路，成为一条 拉雪橇的苦役犬。
写作文梗概,野性的呼唤
写作文梗概,野性的呼唤英文回答：The Call of the Wild is a classic novel written by Jack London. The story follows a dog named Buck who is kidnapped from his home in California and sold into the brutal life of an Alaskan sled dog. As Buck adapts to his new life in the harsh wilderness, he begins to feel the primal call of his ancestors, the wild wolves. The novel explores themes of survival, instinct, and the struggle betweencivilization and the natural world.Buck's journey from a domesticated pet to a wild and free creature is a powerful and compelling story that resonates with readers of all ages. London's vivid descriptions of the Alaskan landscape and the challenges that Buck faces in the wild are both captivating and thought-provoking. The novel also delves into the relationships between humans and animals, and the impact that the environment can have on an individual's character.The Call of the Wild is a timeless tale that continues to captivate readers with its exploration of the untamed wilderness and the inner workings of the human and animal spirit.中文回答：《野性的呼唤》是杰克·伦敦创作的一部经典小说。
野性的呼唤( The call of the wild)习题及答案
The Call of the Wild一、故事简介：从小生活在温室环境中的巴克被偷着拐卖到原始荒野当雪橇狗。
残酷的现实触动了巴克由于人类文明的长久熏陶而向大自然回归的本能和意识。
恶劣的生存环境锻炼了巴克，他在历练中不断成长．最终通过战胜狗王斯匹茨而赢得了拉雪橇狗群中的头把交椅。
当残暴的哈尔将巴克打得遗体鳞伤、奄奄一息时，约翰·桑顿的解救让巴克感受到温暖并决定誓死效忠恩主，但恩主的遇害彻底打碎了巴克对于人类社会的留恋，从而促使巴克坚定决心，毅然走向荒野，回归自然。
二、考题1.The author of “The Call of the wild” is Jack London .2.( D）The main idea of the extracts above is probably that .A.It was not easy for Buck, a dog from the south, to live in the north.B.Buck, a dog from the south, began to learn lessons from the hard life in the north.C.Some people were evil enough to steal dogs and sell them for moneyD.Buck, a dog from the south, was explosed to harsh environment in the north.3.（B）What kind of dog did the gold-seeker want? They wanted .A.Heavy dogsB.strong long-haired dogsC.Small dogs with furry coatsD.Fierce dogs good at fighting4.（B）Manuel stole and sold Buck because .A.he needed money to support his familyB.he spent more than he earnedC.Judge Miller was cruel to himD.Buck bit and hated him5.（ D ）The fat man cruelly beat Buck with a club to .A.make him unconsciousB.punish himC.kill him for his rageD.make him obey6.（B）During the imprisonment on the train, Buck was desperate for .A.foodB. drinkC. a blanketD. friends7.（ C ）Where did dogs sleep in the cold winter? They slept .A.in the campB.near the fireC.under the snowD.in the forest8.（ C ）How many huskies were there in the team of nine dogs?A.EightB. SevenC. SixD. Five9.（C）The huskies from a nearby Indian village came to the camp .A.to fight with the team dogsB.to watch the flight between Buck and SpitzC.to look for foodD.to growl with each other10.（C）The indian dogs that attacked the team of Perrault and Francois can be said to be all of the following but .A.bony and skinnyB.wild and war-likeC.strong and fairD.hungry and crazy11.（D）Buck soon learned that Perrault and Francois .A.were as bad as the fat man who hit him with a clubB.liked him as much as Mr. Miller didC.only knew how to make dogs work for themD.were fair and honest men12.（B）Francois made four little shoes for Buck because .A.Buck worked the hardestB.Buck’s feet were not hard enough yetC.Buck was Francois’ favourite dogD.Buck asked for them insistently13.（B）Why is Buck a dangerous rival to Spitz? Because .A.Buck is largerB.Buck is more intelligentC.Buck is more patientD.Buck is more cruel14.（B）During the first part of the flight, .A.Spitz suffered from serious woundsB.Buck was too eager to attack wiselyC.Buck was untouchedD.Spitz ran away for fear15.（A）Buck won the battle for survival because of his .A.imaginationB.strenghthC.experienceD.courage16.Buck’s trying to be the new lead-dog proves all that is in his nature except D.A.IntelligentB. ambitionC. hard workD. timidness17.（B）What made Dave happy? .A.Eating his portion of foodB.Being in harnessC.Spending the night in the snowD.Becoming the leader of the dog team18.（B）After the gamble, Thornton and his partners traveled in the wilderness .A.with a lot of foodB.in search of an old gold mineC.steadily day after dayD.with a mapped destination19.( C)At the end of their wandering, they found .A.the lost gold mineB.fifty pounds of gold dustC.a valley rich in goldD.a treasure island20.（C）Buck cornered a wolf many times .A.to frighten himB.to fight with himC.to make friends with himD.to pay tricks on him21.（ A ）A moose could kill his enemy with .A.its horns and hoofsB.its heavy weightC.its patienceD.its intelligence22.（ A ）The Yeehats used as their weapons.A.arrowsB. gunsC. knivesD. sleds23.The author’s purpose in telling this story is to .A.reveal some people’s cruelty to animalsB.remind us of the contribution of dogs in the exploitation of the northC.point out that dogs can also be good workersD.demonstrate how dogs, like humans, learn to adapt themselves to a new life24.What do you know about dogs? Use some words to describe them. Carnivorous, Friendly, Dangerous, Useful, Intelligent, Loyal, Faithful, Domesticated, Strong.25.What country does Alaska belong to?The USA.26.Where is Alaska located?In the north west of Canada.27.What is the climate like?It is very cold and often snows heavily in winter.28.What wild animals live there?Polar bears, brown bears, wolves, eagles and foxes.29.Who were the first inhabitants of Alaska?The first inhabitants of Alaska arrived from Asia during the Ice Age.30.Why did Alaska suddenly became famous at the end of the 19th century?People discovered gold there.31.How did Buck feel when he saw the rope around his neck was given to a stanger? He was angry.32.What’s the introduction into the world of primitive law?Obeying the man with the club.33.How was Buck taken from South California to the north?First by train and then by ship.34.What did Buck mean by“fair play”?Respect and treat each other in a decent way.35.What lessons did he learn to help him survive?He learned how to dig a hole in the snow to keep warm while sleeping, how to behave while pulling the sled and how to steal food without being caught to avoid hunger.36.What type of men are Perrault and Francois?They are hard workers who are not afraid to take risks and determined to get their destination.37.What does Francois mean when he says:‘he’ll chew Spitz and spit him out on the snow’?Francois thinks Buck will eventually defeat Spitz.38.Why was Buck called ‘the primitive beast’?Because he used his primitive instincts to win the fight.39.How did the men feel when they knew that Spitz was dead?They were not surprised and thought there wouldn’t be trouble in the team anymore. 40.What did Francois and Perrault think about Buck? Why?They thought that Buck was very good because he knew how to make the dog team work well.41.What did Buck dream about?Buck dreamed about a primitive man.42.What was the ‘earlier world’ that Buck dreamed of?The ‘earlier world’ was a world thousands of years ago.43.Who was the ‘short, hairy man’?The ‘short, hairy man’ was a primitive man.44.Why was this world important to Buck?This world was important to Buck because by following his instincts he was getting closer and closer to an older and more promitive way of life.45.What happened to Dave?Dave got ill and was shot to death.46.What were Buck’s new owners like?Buck’s new owners were two men and a woman. The men were out of place and the woman was unhelpful. They were unorganised.47.Both men were clearly out of place, and why people like them had come to the north was a mystery. What does the italicized part ‘out of place’ mean?They were not suitable and incapable.48.Why couldn’t the dogs move the sled though they pulled hard?Because the sled was frozen to the ground.49.Why was it inevitable that Charles and Hal were certain to fail?They lacked experience in mastering dogs as well as the surrounding. What’s more, they always disagreed with each other on everything.50.What does the phrase ‘ dead tired’ mean?Extremely tired.51.Why did the food of the team go short?Because they lacked order, discipline, and careful calculation.52.What happened to Dub?Hal shot him with his pistol.53.What kind of person was Mercedes?Changeable, timid, sympathetic.54.What happened to Billie?Hal killed him with an axe.55.What’s Thornton’s reaction to their question? Why?Short and cold answers. Because he knew they wouldn’t follow his advice.56.What did Hal do when Buck refused to advance?He whipped and clubbed Buck cruelly.57.What did Buck sense when he refused to go?Danger close at hand.58.What happened to the team?They all fell into the river and disappeared.59.How has Buck changed from the start of the story?Buck has learnt how to survive in any situation.60.What kind of dog is he now?He is strong and intelligent with a highly developed survival instinct.61.Why did Buck attack ‘Black’ Burton?Because Burton punched Thornton unexpectedly.62.Why did Buck love his master so much?Because Thornton understood and loved him.63.In the gamble, which side did most people support?Mathewson’s side against Thornton.64.What is the ‘mysterious thing that called’?It is Buck’s natural instinct calling to him.65.How did Buck feel when he ran with his wild brother?Happy.66.Why did Buck decide to leave the wolf?Because he didn’t want to leave Thornton.67.On entering the forest, what did Buck become?A wild thing.68.What changed in Buck now? Why?Buck no longer felt the need to stay in civilised society as Thornton was dead. He was free to become wild.69.Who was the ‘Ghost Dog’?Buck.70.How did Buck gradually change from a peaceful household pet into a wild beast who returned to the forest?Buck, a pet dog, was stolen and sold to be a sled dog in the north. In the hostile environment, Buck learnt how to survive in dealing with different masters and dogs. At last, Buck lived with his wild brothers in the forest.71.What things did Buck learn in his first few days in Alaska?Buck learned how to survive.72.What is the significance of Spitz in the story?Spitz was Buck’s antagonist in the story. In order to defeat Spitz, Buck became cunning and fierce.73.What was the problem with Buck’s feet, and how did Francois solve it?Buck’s feet were soft and Francois made little shoes for him.74.What did the Huskies do at nine, twelve and three o’clock each night in Dawson?Why is this important in Buck’s development?The huskies howled at these times. This helped Buck get in touch with his primitive side.75.What helped Buck’s team break the record on the way back from Dawson with Francois and Perrault?They made the record run because the weather conditions were good.76.What trick did Buck use to beat Spitz in the final fight?Buck pretended he was going to jump and bite in the usual place but at least minute he attacked Spitz a different way.77.When Buck lay by the fire who and what did he dream about? How is this connected to the title of the book?Buck dreamt of an ancient primitive world and a man living in that world. His dream represents the ‘Wild’ in the title of the book.78.Who bought Buck and his team when they got back to Skaguay? What were these men like?Two men from the States bought Buck and the team. They lacked order and discipline. The men did not know how to do anything.79.How does Buck come to live with John Thornton?John Thornton saw Hal hitting Buck and he intervened and saved him.80.Who does Buck meet in the forest? What do they do together?He meets a wolf and they run through the forest together.81.What happens at the camp while Buck is away?The camp is attacked by Yeehat Indians and all the men are killed.82.What does Buck do in the end?In the end Buck becomes wild.83.Trace the changes Buck makes throughout the story. What is he like at the beginning? What is he like at the end?At the start of the book Buck is strong and good-natured. He belongs to Judge Miller and has an easy and comfortable life. At the end of the book he has developed his survival instinct to the full and has returned to the primitive world.84.How does Buck react when he sees what has happened at John Thornton’s camp? Buck rushes at the Yeehat Indians like a hurricane attacking and killing them.85.How does Buck win the respect of the wolf pack?He wins the respect of the wolf pack by defending himself and fighting them off.86.Who tells the story ‘The Call of the Wild’? Buck? John Thornton? Another character? Who else? Explain the reason for your choice.The story is told by a third person narrator who is not in the story.87.How is the story ‘The Call of the Wild’ told?With a linear plot that moves directly from A to B to C.88.What is the effect of this way of story-telling? Think of the books and stories you have read. How are they told?This gives us a sense of Buck’s development and how events affect and change him. 89.How many years does the book cover?The book covers a period of more than two years.90.What are the main events in the story ‘The Call of the Wild’?Buck’s arrival in Alaska.91.What events in the story bring Buck closer to ‘ the wild’?His instincts, his dreams and his meeting with the wolf.92.What does London mean at the end of the story when he says that Buck ‘howls out the song of the younger world’?He means that Buck is still not in touch with his wilder, primitive side.。
The-Call-of-the-Wild《野性的呼唤》
Plot一只名叫巴克的大狗与主人在加利福尼亚州的一个牧场上过着安逸的生活，他的主人是一名法官。
有一天他被园丁偷走并卖掉以偿还赌债。
巴克被带到了阿拉斯加，辗转卖给两个法裔加拿大人，他们对巴克的外形感到很满意，于是将他训练成了一只雪橇犬。
很快巴克通过观察他的队友们，学会了如何在这个寒冷的冬天以及这个弱肉强食的社会上生存下来。
随后巴克又被卖掉，并先后换过好几个主人，这些经历都使他不断地提高自己的能力，成为了雪橇犬的头领。
Eventually, Buck is sold to a man named Hal, who knows nothing about sledding nor survivingin the Alaskan wilderness, nor does his wife and her brother. They struggle to control the sled and ignore warnings not to travel during the spring melt. As they journey on, they run into Thornton, an experienced outdoors man, who notices that all of the sled dogs are in terrible shape from the ill treatment of their handlers4. Thornton warns them against crossing the river, but they refuse to listen and order Buck to mush5. Exhausted, starving, and sensing the danger ahead, Buck refuses. Recognizing him as a remarkable dog and disgusted6 by the driver’s beating of the dog, Thornton cuts him free from his traces and tells the trio he’s keeping him. After some argument, the trio leave s and tries to cross the river, but as Thornton warned, the ice gives way and they drown.最后，巴克被卖给了一个叫哈尔的人，哈尔、哈尔的妻子和她哥哥对乘雪橇一点经验都没有，也对阿拉斯加的荒野生存一无所知。
The-call-of-the-wild--野性的呼唤源自内心PPT课件
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" He sings a song of the younger world, which is the song of the pack." (Chapter VII The Sounding of the Wild) When the last sentence vanished from my eyes, I can still perceive an echo of a song - a wild song, which knocks up my dizzy mind that always cheerfully sink into the so-called civilized world without questioning. Wild, is no longer a symbol of the law of jungle but a headspring where streams out love, passion, bravery, loyalty, friendship, venture, competition and tolerance all these virtues can easily be found in the Call of the Wild.
于是，心中回荡，他重新找回了
自我。
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He was preeminently cunning, and could bide his time with a patience that nothing less than primitive.
the call od the wild好词好句整理
the call od the wild好词好句整理《野性的呼唤》(The Call of the Wild) 是美国作家杰克·伦敦的一部经典小说，书中描绘了主角巴克从文明社会走向荒野，最终回归自然的过程。
以下是该书中的一些精彩词汇和句子摘录：好词：1. Unfettered wilderness2. Primordial instincts3. Savage splendor4. Feral prowess5. Dominant hierarchy6. Ferocity tempered by intelligence7. Rugged terrain8. Primeval urge9. Enduring resilience10. Untamed frontier11. Pack dynamics12. Visceral strength13. Innermost core14. Brutal yet beautiful truth15. Survival of the fittest好句：1. "He was a killer, a thing of the wild, soured on mankind."（他是个杀手，是来自荒野的事物，对人类充满了敌意。
）2. "It was the call of the wild, the call of the trail, the call that Nature gives to every creature, the call that the buck hears when the rutting season comes."（那是来自荒野的呼唤，是行进的呼唤，是大自然赋予每一种生物的呼唤，是在繁殖季节雄鹿所听到的呼唤。
）3. "Buck did not read the newspapers, or he would have known that trouble was brewing, not alone for himself, but for every tidewater dog, strong of muscle and with warm, long hair, from Puget Sound to San Diego."（巴克没有读过报纸，否则他会知道麻烦正在酝酿，不仅是针对他自己，而且是针对每一个从普吉特湾至圣迭戈、肌肉强壮、长毛温暖的潮水区狗。
The call of the wild 野性的呼唤
• They formed a deep friendship. Buck also had saved Thornton’s life for many times from then on. During that time, Buck became much closer with the wild. Noticing that the Yeehats killed Thornton, Buck avenged himself on the Yeehats. After revenge, Buck obeyed his longing for the wild. At the call of the wolves, Buck went into the wild and became the leader of the herd of wolf by his cunning and tact.
Jack London "waves“
writing
在写作
“浪花号”上的 杰克· 伦敦
background
• In the year of 1897, the Klondyke strike dragged men from all over the world into the frozen North. Jack London also went. After suffering the Sepsis ,his dream of being a gold miner broken. At the same time, he got plenty of writing materials.
The call of the wild
By Jack · London
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inexperienced and out of place in the wilderness
John Thornton
Buck’s final master Thornton and Buck’s relationship is the ideal for human and animal— they protect each other and are devoted to each other
Author
Jack London
Born 1876, Died 1916
An American author, journalist, and social activist
background
The Call of the Wild is his most famous work
These experiences, especially his time looking for gold in Canada, are seen in The Call of the Wild
But Buck’s love for Thornton is mixed with a growing attraction to the wild, and he feels as if he is being called away from civilization and into the wilderness. This feeling grows stronger and stronger.
kidnapped by a gardener， sold to dog traders, then shipping him to Klondike where find gold.
• Spitz
• Buck’s archrival(竞争 对手) • the lead dog in the team • Buck kills Spitz and takes his place as t--Francois and Perrault
another mail carrier
a group of American gold hunters ------Hal,Charles, and Mercedes
Hal
Hal buys Buck’s dog team Terrible master to the dog team
Buck
A powerful dog, who feels the call of the wild lives on Judge Miller’s estate in California’s Valley. discover gold in the Canada a great demand for strong dogs to pull sleds（雪橇）.
While the men search for gold, Buck makes friends with wolves and hunting bears and moose(驼鹿).
In this society, no matter men or animals, they all have to keep continuous fights to survival, and the weaker will be eliminated and the winner can stay for the next competition.