高考英语 专题复习 代词
高考英语语法专题复习代词
高考英语语法专题复习三、代词知识要点：代词是代替名词、名词短语或句子的词;代词可分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、不定代词、疑问代词、相互代词、连接代词、关系代词等九类;一、人称代词人称代词在句中可以用作主语用主格,如I, you, he, she, it, we, they,等和宾语用宾格,如me, you, him, her, it, us, them等：人称代词的用法:注：1在电话中或It is/was...that/who...强调句型中被强调部分做主语时,用主格：---Is that Mr. Li ---Yes. This is he. It’s I who did it.这是我干的;2单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格：“I’m tired.” “Me too.” “我累了;”“我也累了;”“Who wants this” “Me.” “谁要这个”“我要;”3有时用主格或宾格会导致意思的变化：I like you better than he.我比他更喜欢你;为I like you better than he likes you.I like you better than him.我喜欢你胜过喜欢他;为I like you better than I like him.4人称代词的排列顺序：单数人称代词通常按“二三一”排列,即you, he and I；复数人称代词通常按“一二三”排列,即we, you and they：You, he and I are of the same age.你,他和我都是同一年龄;We , you and they are all good citizens.我们,你们和他们都是好公民;但若用于承担责任或错误等场合,则可把第一人称I置于其他人称代词之前：Tom and I hope to go there.汤姆和我想去那儿;I and Tom are to blame.我和汤姆该受批评;但是,you and I是固定结构,语序通常不宜颠倒;5人称代词后跟名词同位语;有些人称代词后有时可跟同位语：These small desks are for us students.这些小课桌是给我们学生的;We girls often go to the movies together.我们女孩子常一起去看电影;He asked you boys to be quiet.他要你们男孩子安静些;二、物主代词物主代词分形容词性物主代词my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their和名词性物主代词mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs;形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,置于名词前,作定语；名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,在句中作主语、宾语、表语、连用of作定语：His son is taller than hers.他的儿子比她的儿子高;Ours is a great country.我们的国家是一个伟大的国家Her son is a friend of ours.她的儿子是我们的朋友;This is your pen. Mine is in the box.这是你的铅笔,我的在铅笔盒里;注：1 a friend of mine ours, yours, hers, his, theirs结构2 物主代词与own连用;表强调;也可用of one’s own置于名词后作定语：Mind your own business.别管闲事;I saw it with my own eyes.那是我亲眼看到的;I hope to have a room of my own. / I hope to have my own house.我希望有自己的房子;三、指示代词指示代词是用来指代或标记人或事物的代词,表示“这个,这些”“那个,那些”;在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语；单数：this, that；复数：these, those；为了方便学习将such,so也归于此类;I like these and he likes those.我喜欢这些,他喜欢那些;What I want to say is this.我想说的就是这点;注：1 指示代词用作主语和定语时,可指人或物；用作宾语和表语时,只指物;如：This is my father. 作主语,指人Do you know this作宾语,指物,译为“你知道这个情况吗2 刚提到的或已经完成的事情时用that,但是若要指下文将要发生或将要提到的事情通常用this：She married Jim, and that surprised me.她嫁给了吉姆,这使我感到很吃惊;I want to know this: Is he healthy我想知道这一点：他是否很健康;3 在打电话时,通常用this指自己,用that指对方：Hello. This is Jim. Is that John喂,我是吉姆,你是约翰吗4 such指代前面所述的这样的人或事;如：Such is Albert Einstein, a famous physicist, but a simple man. 这就是艾尔伯特,爱因斯坦,......5 so代替一个句子或短语表达的事情;a.在believe,expect,suppose,imagine,think等词后用so代替前文观点;表肯定、否定=not均可;b. 用于表示肯定的hope,I’m afraid后,代替前文提出的观点;四、反身代词反身代词是oneself根据所指词的人称、性别、单复数等变化的词单数：myself, yourself,himself, herself, itself, 复数：ourselves, yourselves, themselves,在句中可作宾语、表语、同位语,不能作主语; 注：1用作同位语加强被修饰词的语气,紧放在被修饰名词后,或句末：The box itself is not so heavy.箱子本身并不重;You yourself said so. / You said so yourself.你自己是这样说的;2用作宾语动词或for,of, in, by, to等介词的宾语：She could not make herself understood.她不能使别人听懂她的话;You’ll have to see if he has come for yourself. for one self 亲自,为自己The computer may shut off of itself. of oneself 自动的You shouldn’t leave the child at home by herself. b y oneself 独自,单独Jim isn’t bad in himself, but he likes playing tricks on others. in one self 本身He likes a table to himself. to oneself 独自占用3 用作表语：有时用于be, feel, seem, look等后作表语表示身体或精神处于正常状态：The poor boy was myself.那个可怜的孩子就是我自己;The ones who really want it are ourselves.真正想要它的是我们自己;I'm not quite myself these days.我近来身体不大舒服;I'll be myself again in no time.我过一会儿就会好的;4 含有反身代词的动词短语：devote oneself to=be devoted to 专心于;lose oneself=be lost in 迷失；seat oneself= be seated 坐下; express oneself 表达某人的思想; say for oneself 为自己找借口；say to oneself 心想; talkto oneself 自言自语; feel oneself 觉得正常; come to oneself 苏醒；五、疑问代词疑问代词包括who, whom, whose,which, what,在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语等：1、who与whom的用法：前者为主格,用作主语、宾语,后者为宾格,用作宾语;Who spoke at the meeting Whom are you talking about口语中或作宾语的whom位于句首时,通常可用who代替,但whom前有介词时除外：Whom is the letter from2、whose的用法：表示“谁的”,既可用于名词前作定语,也可单独使用;在句中作主、宾、表、定语;Whose is better, yours or hers作主语Whose do you love better, yours or hers作宾语Tom has already taken his bag is this作表语Whose bag do you like作定语3、what和which的用法：有选择范围时,多用which；无选择范围或不明确时,多用what;拓展：what的习惯用法：1 What...for... 和What for 用于询问原因和目的;---What did you put it into the soup for --- It would improve the taste.你为什么...---I’m going to the grocery store. ---What for We still have enough food in the apartment.为何啊(2)What if...表示假设、建议、征求意见或疑虑;What if it rains while we are on the way(3)What do you mean by...表示愤怒、不满等情绪;What do you mean by shutting the door so loudly(4)What/How about...用于征求对方意见、询问对方的情况;(5)疑问词what构成的固定搭配;So what那又怎么样呢表示不感兴趣或认为不重要What next店员用语还要什么Guess what你猜怎么着用于引起他人的注意What can I do for you你要买借什么4、what和who的区别：一般来说;what问职业、地位等,who问姓名或关系等：Who is he他是谁What is he他是干什么的六、相互代词相互代词只有each other和one another,它们在句中通常只用作宾语：We should help each other.我们应该互相帮助;They respect one another.他们互相尊重对方;The sea and the sky seem to melt into each other.大海和蓝天似乎融为一体;注：1相互代词在句中通常只用作宾语,不可作主语,所以以相互代词为宾语的句子不能变为被动语态;2不要将相互代词误认为是副词,将其用作状语,如可说talk to each other,但不能说talk each other;3相互代词可以有所有格形式：The students borrowed each other's notes.学生们互相借笔记;4有时可分开用：We each know what the other thinks.我们都知道对方的想法;七、不定代词1.不定代词概说;英语的不定代词有all, each, both, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many, much, other, another, some, any, no,few,little, both, enough, every等,以及由some, any, no和every构成的合成代词即somebody, anyone, nothing等;在这些不定代词中,多数都能作主语、宾语、表语或定语,但是代词none以及由some, any, no和every构成的合成代词只能作主语、宾语或表语,不能作定语,而no和every则只用作定语;2.指两者和三者的不定代词;有些不定代词用于指两者如both, either, neither,有的不定代词用于指三者如all, any, none, every,注意不要弄混：Both of my parents are doctors.我的父母都是医生;All of the students are interested in it.所有的学生对此都很感兴趣;There are trees on any side of the square.广场的每一边都种有树;He has two sons, neither of whom is rich.他有两个儿子,都不富有;He has three sons, none of whom is rich.他有三个儿子,都不富有;注：each可用于两者、三者或三者以上,而every只用于三者或三者以上,因此用于两者时只能用each,不能用every;如不能说There are trees on every side of the road.3.复合不定代词的用法特点;复合不定代词包括something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone等;它们在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语,但不能用作定语;something, someone等和anything, anyone等的区别与some和any的区别一样,前者一般用于肯定句,后者一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件句参见any & some;具体使用时应注意以下几点：1复合不定代词受定语修饰时,定语应放在它们后面：There is nothing wrong with the radio.这收音机没有毛病;Have you seen anyone anybody famous你见过名人吗2指人的复合不定代词若用作主语,其谓语动词一般用单数,相应的人称代词和物主代词也用单数he, him, his 不一定指男性;但在非正式文体中常用复数代词they, them, their：Everyone knows this, doesn't he don't they人人都知道这一点,不是吗If anybody anyone comes, ask him them to wait.要是有人来,让他等着;3指事物的复合不定代词若用作主语,谓语动词只能用单数,相应的人称代词也只能用it,而不用they：Everything is ready, isn't it一切都准备好了,是吗4anyone, everyone等只能指人,不能指物,且其后一般不接of短语;若是指物或后接of短语,可用any one, every one 分开写：any one of the boys books孩子们书当中的任何一个本every one of the students schools每一个学生一所学校4.是any not还是not any;按英语习惯,any以及含有any的复合不定代词用于否定句时,它只能出现在否定词之后,而不能在否定词之前：误：Any one doesn't know how to do it.正：No one knows how to do it.任何人都不知道如何做它;误：Anybody Anyone cannot do it.正：Nobody No one can do it.这事谁也干不了;误：Anything cannot prevent me from going.正：Nothing can prevent me from going.什么也不能阻挡我去;5.不定代词与部分否定;不定代词all, both, every等与not连用时构成部分否定；若要表示完全否定,则需换用none, neither, no one等;比较：All of the students like the novel.所有这些学生都喜欢这本小说;Not all of the students like the novel.并不是所有这些学生都喜欢这本小说;All of the students don’t like the novel.并不是所有这些学生都喜欢这本小说;None of the students like the novel.这些学生当中没有一个喜欢这本小说;6.all, both, each等用作同位语;若用作主语同位语,主语可以是名词或代词；若用作宾语等其他成分的同位语,则宾语等成分必须是人称代词,而不能是名词：We have all read it.我们都读过他;all修饰的主语是代词The villages have all been destroyed.村庄都被毁了;all修饰的主语是名词They told us all to wait there.他叫我们都在那儿等;all修饰的宾语是代词但不能说：They told the men all to wait there. all修饰的宾语是名词不是代词7.so little与such little的区别;用so little还是such little取决于little的意思：若表示数量方面的“少”,则用so little；若表示形状体积的“小”,则用such little：He has so little time for reading.他读书的时间少得可怜;I've never seen such little boxes.我从未见过那样小的盒子;8.some与any的用法区别;一般说来,some用于肯定句中,any用于否定句和疑问句中;但是,在表示请求、邀请或征求意见的句子中,通常要用some而不用any：Would you like some cake吃点蛋糕吗Why not buy some bread为什么不买些面包呢Shall I get some chalk for you要我帮你拿些粉笔来吗注：any有时也用于肯定句中,此时表示“任何”：Any colour will do.任何颜色都行;Come any day you like.随便哪天来都可以;9.many与much的用法区别;两者都表示“许多”,但many修饰或代替可数名词复数,与few少数相对；而much用来修饰或代替不可数名词单数,与little少量相对;在口语中两者主要用于非肯定句中：Did you see many people there你在那儿看见许多人了吗We don't have much time.我们没有许多时间;在肯定句中,一般用a lot of, lots of, plenty of等代之;但在正式文体中有时也用于肯定句中；另外,若用作主语或主语的定语,或其前有how, too, as, so, a good, a great等修饰,也可用于肯定句中：Many of us left early.我们有许多人离开得很早;Much work has been done.许多工作都已经做了;You've given me too much.你已给我太多了;Take as many much as you want.你要多少拿多少;I asked her a great many questions.我问了她许多问题;10.few, a few与little, a little的用法区别;1few和a few后接可数名词的复数形式;few表示数量很少或几乎没有,强调“少”,含有否定意义；a few表示数量虽然少但毕竟还有,强调“有”,含有肯定意义：It is very difficult, and few people understand it.它很难,没有几个人能懂;It is very difficult, but a few people understand it.他虽难,但是有些人懂;2little和a little之后接不可数名词,其区别跟few和a few之间的区别相似：Unfortunately, I had little money on me.很不巧,我身上没带什么钱;Fortunately, I had a little money on me.幸好我身上带着一点钱;11.other, the other, another与others的用法区别：这些不定代词不仅在含义上有单复数之分,而且在用法上有泛指无the和特指有the之别;其用法区别可归纳如下：1指单数时,若泛指用another,若特指用the other：Give me another one.另外给我一个;Shut the other eye, please.请把另一只眼睛也闭上;2指复数时,若泛指用other后接复数名词,若特指用the other后接复数名词：There are other ways of doing it.做这事还有其他的办法;Where have the other students gone其他学生都到哪里去了3others永远表示复数意义且其后不能再接名词;其用法大致相当于“other+复数名词”,同样地the others大致相当于“the other＋复数名词”：Other people Others may not think that way.别的人可能不这样想;He is cleverer than the others the other students in her class.他比班上其他学生聪明;4another一般只能表单数,且其后接名词也只能接单数名词;但是若其后有数词或few修饰时,则也可接复数名词：We need another few chairs.我们还需要几把椅子;In another two weeks it'll be finished.再过两个星期就可做完了;5与some对比使用时,用others此时与some同义：Some say yes, and others say no.有人说对,有人说不对;12.不定代词与语境考题;不定代词是高考的常考考点,有的不定代词考题出得比较灵活,不能死套规则,要注意结合语境来理解：1“Is ____ here” “No, Bob and Tim have asked for leave.”A. anybodyB. everybodyC. somebodyD. nobody若只是从表面来看,填空句是个疑问句,可能会误选A;但其实此题最佳答案应选B,因为下文的答句说“只有Bob和Tim请假了”,这说明问句是在查人数,故用Is everybody here 大家都到齐了吗2I agree with most of what you said, but I don't agree with _____.A. everythingB. anythingC. somethingD. nothing此句若从表面看,有可能误选B,因为填空句为否定句;但实际上最佳答案为A,因为上文说“我同意他说的大部分内容”,这与下文的but I don’t agree with everything但并不是同意他说的所有内容完全相符;3“Do you have _____ at home now, Mary” “No, we still have to get some fruit and tea.”A. somethingB. anythingC. everythingD. nothing答案选C,句意为“玛丽,现在家里东西都准备齐了吗”“还没有,我们还要买些水果和茶;”4“If you want a necklace, I’ll buy one for you at once.” “Oh, no. A necklace is not _____ that I need most. A. anythingB. somethingC. nothingD. everything此题容易误选A,机械地认为：something用于肯定句,anything用于否定句或疑问句;但是,此题的最佳答案是B,something在此的意思不是“某种东西”,而是指“那种东西”或“这种东西”,即心中最想要的那种东西相当于the thing;。
高考英语语法专题复习 ：专题10 代词(代词知识点整理总结)
高考英语语法专项复习代词知识点整理总结距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
一、代词的分类二、代词的用法考点一it, that, one(s), those的用法1．it代替的是前面提到的同一事物，即同名同物，所代替的名词可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词。
如：I’d like to look at that atlas. May I borrow it?我想看看那张地图，我能借用一下吗(it代替可数名词atlas)？2．one叫作泛指代词代替的是前面提到的同名异物中的任何一个，所代替名词是可数名词单数，其前可带冠词与修饰语。
如果代替复数名词，则用ones。
如：①The population problem may be the greatest one in the world today.人口问题可能是当今世界上最大的一个问题。
高考英语知识点代词归纳
高考英语知识点代词归纳高考英语知识点代词● one泛指一个人或物?其复数形式为ones one和the one作同位语时,如果与其同位的词语是特指,则用the one;如果是泛指,则用one,● that指代前面提到过的名词,常有后置定语 that的复数形式是those that可指代单数可数名词(= the one), 也可指代不可数名词,或指代前面提到过的一件事● it可指代前面提到过的一个名词,如例7;指代一件事,如例8;指代不明性别的婴儿或不明确的人,也可指代时间?天气?距离等0二、考查all, both, either, neither, none, no one的用法[考点解读]● both表示"两个人或物都",具有肯定含义; either表示"两者中的任何一个",如例13; neither表示"两者都不"高考英语必考重点句型句型1would rather that somebody did…"宁愿……;更愿意……"(表示现在或将来的愿望)would rather that somebody had done…"宁愿……;更愿意……"(表示过去的愿望)[例句]I'd rather you posted the letter right now. 我想让你现在去寄信。
I'd rather you were not a celebrated actor. In that case, we could spend more time together.我到情愿你不是个知名演员，这样我们可以有更多的时间在一起。
I'd rather that I hadn't seen her yesterday. 我情愿昨天没有看到她。
句型2as if/though+主语+did/had done…好像……(表示现在或将来的情况用过去时;表示过去的情况用过去完成时)[参考句型4][例句]Our head teacher treats us as if we were her own children, so all the students in our class think highly of her.Alan talked about Rome as if he had been there. Alan谈起罗马来就好像他去过那里似的。
高考英语语法专项复习——代词
7) He doesn’t know how to express himself _____ in English. 8) With money in hand,the happy children went to buy ________ themselves some ice cream. 9) Mind you don’t hurt yourself ______with those scissors. 10)Life is not easy. One should enjoy oneself himself at times. _______/_______ 11) Listen! Someone has lockedthemselves _______ / ________ himself in the room. 12) “DIY” means “do it ________.” yourself
泛指 特指
单数 one (a+单数可数名词) the one=that (the+单数可数名词)
复数 ones (复数名词) the ones=those (the+复数名词)
注：口语中，特别是当后面有of短语时，多用that或 those；当有前置修饰语时，只能用one(s)。
His bag is newer than that of mine/me I like the red one.
6) Which one is right? Sometimes we teachers hardly know what you are thinking and doing. Sometimes our teachers hardly know what you are thinking and doing. 7) (07高考) …We thanked her for all the her trouble we had caused ____.
高考英语语法代词考点归纳
高考英语语法代词考点归纳在高考英语中,几乎每一年都会有对英语代词的直接考题,有的出现在单项填空,有的出现在完形填空或短文改错中。
下面由店铺为你提供的高考英语语法代词考点归纳，希望能帮到你。
高考英语语法代词考点归纳一I. 代词可以分为以下八大类1人称代词主格I， you， he， she， it， we， you， they宾格me， you， him， her， it， us， you， them形容词性物主代词my， your， his， her， its， our， their名词性物主代词mine， yours， his， hers， its， ours， theirs 2反身代词myself，yourself，himself，herself，itself，ourselves， yourselves， themselves3指示代词this， that， these， those， such， some4疑问代词who， whom， whose， which， what， whoever，whichever， whatever5关系代词/连接代词that， which， who， whom， whose，as6不定代词one/ some/ any，each/ every，none/ no，many/ much， few/ little/ a few/ a littleother/ another， all/ both， neither/ either7相互代词each other，one another高考英语语法代词考点归纳二II. 不定代词用法注意点类别区别例句one， some，any和it one可以泛指人或者事(东西)，其复数为ones ①We’ve been looking at the houses but haven’t found ___ we like yet.A.oneB.onesC.itD.them②Cars do cause us some health problems — in fact far moreserious _______ than mobile phones do.A.oneB.onesC.itD.thosesome可用于疑问句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答复，或者表示建议，请求等—Your coffee smells great! —It’s from Mexico.Would you like ________?A.itB.someC.thisD.1ittlesome 和any修饰可数名词单数时，some表示某个，any表示任何一个①I have read this article in some magazin e. Please correct the mistakes， if any.②—Which of the three ways shall I take to the village?—________way as you please.A.EachB.EveryC.AnyD.Eitherone指同类中的一个，it指代同一种类的东西。
超实用高考英语语法专题复习： 专题三 代词
2. It 作形式主语、形式宾语常用句型
（1）it作形式主语It is a pity/shame that... 真可惜……It is no wonder that... ……不足为奇，并不奇怪It seems/appears that... 似乎/看来……It looks/seems as if/as that... 看起来/似乎/好像……It happens that... 碰巧……
（6）Please see to it that (make sure that) you bring enough money when you go out. 出门时，请确保带足了钱。（7）You can depend upon it that he is very smart. 你就相信吧，他非常聪明。（8）As someone puts it, practice makes perfect. 正如某人所说，熟能生巧。（9）When it comes to drive，she's got more than any of us. 讲干劲，她比谁都足。（10）It is (high) time that we had/should have lunch. 该吃午饭了。（11）It is the first/second... time I have visited the place. 这是我第一/二……次参观这个地方。（12）It is/has been 3 years since he joined the army. 他参军3年了。（13）It was 3 years before he came back home. 3年了他才回家。（14）It is I who/that am right. 我是对的。
in oneself 本质上，本身by oneself 独自，单独for oneself 替自己，为自己to oneself 独自拥有的beside oneself （因情绪）失去自制力，失常adapt oneself to 适应apply oneself to 专心致志于devote oneself to 致力于，献身于，专心于make oneself at home 舒适自在，无拘束treat oneself to 招待，款待，买（可享受的东西）
2024新高考英语复习(代词)
3.作表语 The winning numbers are those. 获奖号码是那些。 4.作宾语 I have no doubt about that. 我对那件事没有怀疑。
二、指示代词的用法 1.this,these往往指在时间或空间上较近的人或物;that,those可指在时间或 空间上较远的人或物。 例句
This picture was painted by Robert and that one by Bruce. 这幅画是罗伯特画的,那幅是布鲁斯画的。 I love these books but I don't like those(ones).我喜欢这些书,但不喜欢那 些。
2.that与those常用来代替上文已提到的名词,以避免重复。 例句 The climate of China is quite similar to that of the USA. 中国的气候和美国的气候很相似。 The days in summer are longer than those in winter.夏天的白天比冬天的白 天长。 3.打电话时,this指自己,that指别人。 例句 Hello! This is Alan. Who is that speaking? 喂!我是艾伦。您是哪位?
一、one/ones,the one/the ones作替代词时的用法 1.one:替代“a/an+单数可数名词” Mr. Rod prefers a restaurant in a small town to one in so large a city as Beijing. 与像北京这样大的城市里的饭店相比,Rod先生更喜欢小镇上的饭店。 2.ones:替代“零冠词+复数名词” Mr. Zhang gave me many valuable presents,ones that I had never seen.张先 生给了我很多珍贵的礼物,都是我从没见过的。
高考英语知识点解析代词的指代关系与用法
高考英语知识点解析代词的指代关系与用法高考英语知识点解析：代词的指代关系与用法在高考英语中，代词是一个重要的语法知识点，掌握代词的指代关系与用法对于理解和表达英语句子至关重要。
代词是用来代替名词或名词短语的词，它们可以使语言更加简洁、避免重复。
下面我们就来详细探讨一下高考中常见的代词及其指代关系与用法。
一、人称代词人称代词是表示“我”“你”“他/她/它”“我们”“你们”“他们/她们/它们”的词。
1、主格人称代词：I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they主格人称代词在句子中作主语，例如：“I am a student”（我是一名学生。
）“They are playing football”（他们正在踢足球。
）2、宾格人称代词：me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them宾格人称代词在句子中作宾语，位于动词或介词之后，例如：“She loves me”（她爱我。
）“Give it to him”（把它给他。
）需要注意的是，人称代词的主格和宾格在句子中的位置和用法是不同的，不能混淆。
二、物主代词物主代词表示所属关系，分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
1、形容词性物主代词：my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their形容词性物主代词具有形容词的性质，其后必须跟名词，例如：“This is my book”（这是我的书。
）“Their classroom is big”（他们的教室很大。
）2、名词性物主代词：mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs名词性物主代词具有名词的性质，后面不能跟名词，相当于“形容词性物主代词＋名词”，例如：“This book is mine”（这本书是我的。
）“The pen is hers”（这支笔是她的。
）在使用物主代词时，要根据句子的语境和表达的需要选择合适的形式。
高考英语 代词、介词和介词短语词(解析版)
代词、介词和介词短语考点01 代词1.（2024年浙江卷1月·语法填空）Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking ________ (one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well.【答案】ones【解析】考查代词。
句意：谁知道呢，也许一些更有远见的人可能还会推出一系列“只为你”的包装尺寸，并提供特别优惠。
代词one意为“一个人”，在some of后应用复数形式。
故填ones。
preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy-as a national park.【答案】its【解析】考查代词。
句意：这个地方，以其独特而令人惊叹的自然美景，必须被妥善保存供全国人民欣赏。
这里“它们”用形容词性物主代词做定语修饰名词beauty。
3.（2023年全国甲卷改错）In that class, Miss Zhao, our biology teacher, showed we insects on stamps.【答案】we→us【解析】考查代词。
句意：在那节课上，我们的生物老师赵老师给我们看了邮票上的昆虫。
作动词show的宾语，应用宾格us。
故we改为us。
4.（2023年全国乙卷改错）Last Friday my mom decided to color his hair. She studied with all the hair products at the drugstore.【答案】his → her【解析】考查代词。
句意：上周五，我妈妈决定染头发。
此处指“我妈妈染她的头发”，应用代词her。
故his 改为her。
5.（2022年北京卷语法填空）Since people can’t always eat out or cook for ________ (they), they get takeout or order delivery.【答案】themselves【解析】考查反身代词。
2023年高考英语一轮专题复习语法精讲：代词(2) 课件
代词 it
one/ ones
that/ those
用法
例句
替代前面提到过的同一个人或物。
This is our new car.We bought it yesterday.这是我们的新车。我们昨天买
的。
It's standard practice for a company like
one用来替代前面出现的单数可数名词， this one to employ a security officer.像这
about fashion. 【解析】句意为：当校园里每一个学生都穿校服的时候，就没有人会担心时尚(的问 题)了。由句意可知，设空处表示“没有人”，故填nobody。
考法训练
单句语法填空
6．The bridge links three areas, making it much more convenient to travel
base are practical. 【解析】句意为：关于月球构成的数据，比如月球上含有多少冰和其他宝藏，能够 帮助中国判断其未来月球基地的计划是否可行。结合句意可知，此处应表示“多 少”，且ice为不可数名词，故填much。
2 [浙江2019年6月改编] When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, ______ will have to worry
touching, especially if you're giving them to your mother.
考法讲解
考法二 考查it及替代词的用法
(1)考查it作替代词，指代已提及的事物、想法或已发生的事情等。考生应掌握it作替 代词与其他替代词one, that, those等的用法区别。
代词(人称代词物主代词反身代词)课件-高考英语一轮复习
02 物 主 代 词
02 物主代词 物主代词是表示所有关系的代词，是人称代词的属格形式。它的分类如下表所示：
02 形容词性物主代词
名词性物主代词的特殊用法
①“of+名词性物主代词”可用作定语，常用于“a/an/this/that/these/those/some/any/several /no /each/ every/such/another/which+名词+ of+名词性物主代词”结构中。(双重所有格)
03 反 身 代 词
03 反身代词
反身代词使施动者把动作在形式上反射到施动者自己，即表示“我（们）自己、 你（们）自己、他/她/它（们）自己的代词。因此，反身代词与它所指代的名词 或代词形成互指关系，在人称、性、数上保持一致。强调“亲自、本人”。
数 人称 第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
单数 myself yourself himself/ herself/ itself
I am an admirer of yours. This baby of hers is so lovely! This is a photo of me. （照片上的人是我） This is a photo of mine (强调照片归我所有)
② yours 用于书信中，在给陌生人的书信的最后加上yours faithfully/ truly/ sincerely; 在给 熟悉的人或朋友的书信最后直接用yours ever 或yours.
高考英语代词知识点归纳总结
高考英语代词知识点归纳总结代词是英语中常用的一种词类，用来代替名词或名词短语，以避免重复使用。
掌握代词的使用是英语学习的基础，对于高考英语而言尤为重要。
本文将对高考英语代词的知识点进行归纳总结，帮助考生复习和掌握该部分内容。
一、人称代词人称代词用来代替特定的人或物，根据在句子中的起作用不同分为主格和宾格两种形式。
1. 主格人称代词：I, you, he, she, it, we, they- I喜欢跳舞。
I like dancing.- You应该努力学习。
You should study hard.- He是我的老师。
He is my teacher.- She喜欢阅读。
She enjoys reading.- It是一只猫。
It is a cat.- We是一家人。
We are a family.- They在玩游戏。
They are playing games.2. 宾格人称代词：me, you, him, her, it, us, them- Tom请我吃饭。
Tom invited me to have dinner.- Can you帮助我吗？ Can you help me?- Lily看见了他。
Lily saw him.- I love her. 我爱她。
- It is给我。
It is for me.- Please帮助我们。
Please help us.- I saw them at the park. 我在公园看到了他们。
二、物主代词物主代词用来表示所属关系，分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种形式。
1. 形容词性物主代词：my, your, his, her, its, our, their- This is我的书。
This is my book.- Is this你的钱包？ Is this your wallet?- That is他的狗。
That is his dog.- Her手机丢了。
高考英语代词题20套(带答案)
高考英语代词题20套(带答案)一、单项选择代词1．Of all the books on the desk, ______ is of any use for our study.A．nothing B．no oneC．neither D．none【答案】D【解析】试题分析：前面的“all”提示我们“书不是两本，而是三本及其以上”，故排除C项(指两者都不)。
none="none" of the books.“nothing(没有东西)，no one (没有人)”均不符合句意。
考点：不定代词2．—I wonder how often you will clean up your room by yourself.—________ other day.A．In B．Every C．For D．Each【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查代词和介词词义辨析。
句意：——我想知道你多久打扫一次自个的房间？——每隔一天。
A. In在某一点，在…之内；B. Every每一，每个，每一次；C. For关于，给，代表；D. Each（两个或两个以上的人或物中）每个。
every，每隔…，every other day每隔一天。
故选B。
【点睛】“每隔”的表达方法：1.“every+基数词（大于或等于2）+复数名词”意思是“每…”。
例如：We hand in our homework every three days.我们每三天/每隔两天交一次作业。
2.“every+序数词（大于或等于2）+单数名词”意思是“每…”。
例如：The Olympic Games are held every fourth year.奥林匹克运动会每四年/每隔三年举办一次。
3.“every other+基数词（大于或等于2）+复数名词”意思是“每隔…”。
例如：I had to sit down and rest every other four minutes.我每隔4分钟就得坐下休息。
高考英语二轮总复习 核心语法必备 专题四 冠词、代词和介词
重点一
重点二
重点三
(7)It is/has been three years since he joined the army. 他参军三年了。
(8)It was three years before he returned home. 过了三年他才回家。
重点一
重点二
重点三
考点4 不定代词
1.other, others, the other/others, another
重点一
重点二
重点三
重点三
考点1 常见 介词的用法
介词
重点一
重点二
重点三
重点一
重点二
重点三
重点一
重点二
重点三
重点一
重点二
重点三
重点一
重点二
重点三
考点2 介词短语 1.at+名词 at a loss 不知所措 at dinner 在吃晚餐 at peace 处于和平状态 at war 在战争中 at work 在工作
It happens that...碰巧…… It occurs to/comes to/strikes/hits sb that... 某人突然想起……
It is said/reported/considered...that... 据说/据报道/认为……
It is certain that... ……是一定的。
(3)We finally made it to the airport though it was rainy. 尽管下雨, 但是我们最终及时赶到了机场。
重点一
重点二
重点三
(4)As someone puts it, practice makes perfect. 正如某人所说, 熟能生巧。 (5)Please see to it that you fasten the safety belt when driving. 开车时请确保系好安全带。 (6)I take it that you don't agree with the manager. 我想你不同意经理的意见。
2024年高考英语一轮复习第3讲代词
高考总复习·英语
♥解题策略 解代词类题目“三步走” ▼如何确定填代词：无提示词的语法填空题，当句子缺少主语或宾语时， 首先考虑填代词。 ▼具体填什么代词：分析句子成分，如果句子缺主语，则可填人称代词 主格、指示代词、不定代词或it;如果句子缺宾语，则可填人称代词宾格； 如果宾语与主语是指同一人，应用反身代词。在语法填空题中，涉及代 词时一定要从上下文考虑，代词指代的是人还是物，是男还是女，是单 数还是复数。 ▼分析句式是否涉及it。
高考总复习·英语
help oneself to 随便吃/用 enjoy oneself 玩得开心 seat oneself 就座；入席 make oneself at home 别客气；随便；无拘束 teach oneself 自学 adapt/adjust oneself to 适应于
高考总复习·英语
高考总复习·英语
2.both/all/either/any/neither/none
范围
都 任何一个 都不(全部否定) 不都(部分否定)
两者 both either neither=not either both和not连用
三者或 三者以上 all
any none=not any
all和not连用
环境等
现在是初春，但是天气已经很热了。
Although he didn’t like the movie, I 代替前面提过的事物、群体、 decided to see it. 想法、内容等或代替指示代词 尽管他不喜欢看这部电影，但我还是
决定去看一看。
指不知性别的孩子和婴儿或不
明确的人(由于某种原因而不知 对方是谁)
Even if the answer seemed a little
高考英语语法代词详解
高考英语语法(Fa)代词详解高考对代词的考查主要是人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词和(He)关系代词等.设置特定的语境，对代词的数、性、格的变化进行考查仍(Reng)然是高考的热点.Ⅰ代词(Ci)的分类1.人称代(Dai)词：主格I, we, you, he, she, it, they宾格me, us, you, him, her, it, them2.物主代词：形容词性my, our, your, his, her, its, their名词性mine, ours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs3.反身代词：单数myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself复数ourselves, yourselves, themselves4.相互代词：each other (两者之间相互)；one another (两者以上的相互)5.指示代词：this, that, these, those6.疑问代词：who, whom, whose, which, what7.关系代词：who, whom, whose, that(指人),which, that, as, whose （指物）8.不定代词：all, each, either, neither, both, none, other, another, something, everything, nothing somebody, everybody, nobody someone, everyone, no one, many, much, few, less一、人称代词单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称人称代词主格I you he，she，itwe you they宾格me you him，her，itus you them人称代词的用法1.人称代词的主格在句子中作主语或主语补足语.如：John waited a while but eventually he went home.约翰等了一会儿，最后(Hou)他回家了. John hoped the passenger would be Mary and indeed it was she.说明：在复合(He)句中，如果主句和从句主语相同，代词主语要用在从句中，名词主语用在主句中.Whe n he arrived，John went straight to the bank.约(Yue)翰一到就直接去银行了.2.人称代词的宾格在句子(Zi)中作宾语或介词宾语，但在口语中也能作主语补语，第一人称在省略句中，还可以作主语.如(Ru)：I saw her with them；at least，I thought it washer.（第一个her作动词宾语，them作介词宾语，第二个her作表语）—Who broke the vase?谁打碎了花瓶？—Me.我.3.人称代词之主、宾格的替换(1)宾格代替主格在简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或在not 后，多用宾语.—I like English..—Me too.—Have more wine?—Not me..在表示比较的非正式的文体中，常用宾格代替主格. 但如果比较状语的谓语保留，则主语只能用主格.He is taller than I/me. He is taller than I am.2）主格代替宾格在介词but，except后，有时可用主格代替宾格.在电话用语中常用主格.—I wish to speak to Mary..—This is she.注意：在动词be 或to be后的人称代词视其前面的名词或代词而定.I thought it was she.我以为是她.（主格——主格）I thought it to be her.（宾格——宾格）I was taken to be she.我被当成了她.（主格——主格）They took me to be her.他们把我当成了她.（宾格——宾格）4.代词的指代问题1）不定代词 anybody，everybody，nobody，anyone， someone， everyone，no one，及whoever和person在正式场合使用时，可用he，his，him代替.如：Nobody came，did he?2）动物名(Ming)词的指代一般用it或they代替，有时也用he，she，带有亲切的感情色彩.如(Ru)：Give the cat some food.She is hungry..3）指代车(Che)或国家，船舶的名词，含感情色彩时常用she.5.并列人称代词(Ci)的排列顺序1）单数人称代(Dai)词并列作主语时，其顺序为：第二人称→ 第三人称→第一人称，即you→ he/she; it → I.如：You，he and I should return on time.你，他还有我应该按时回来.2）复数人称代词作主语时，其顺序为：第一人称→ 第二人称→第三人称，即we→you→they.在下列情况中，第一人称放在前面.在承认错误，承担责任时.It was I and John that made herangry.是我和约翰惹她生气了.在长辈对晚辈，长官对下属说话时，如长官为第一人称，如：I and you try to finish it.并列主语只有第一人称和第三人称时.当其他人称代词或名词被定语从句修饰时.二、物主代词物主代词是表示所有关系的代词，也可叫做代词所有格.物主代词分形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种，其人称和数的变化见下表.单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称物主代词形容词性my your his，her，its our your their名词性mine your shis，hers，itsours yours theirsOur school is here，and theirs is there.我们的学校在这儿，他们的在那儿.1.物主代词的用法1)物主代词既有表示所属的作用又有指代作用.如：John had cut his finger; apparently there was a broken glass on his desk.?2)物主(Zhu)代词有形容词性（my，your等）和名词性（mine，yours等）两种，形容词性的物主代词属于限定词.名词性的物主代词在用法上相当于省略了(Liao)中心名词的’s属格结构.如(Ru)：Jack’s cap意(Yi)为The cap is Jack’s .His cap意(Yi)为The cap is his.2.名词性物主代词的句法功能1)作主语.如：May I use your pen? Yours works better.2)作宾语.如：I love my motherland as much as you love yours.3)作介词宾语.如：You should interpret what I said in my sense of the word，not in yours.4)作表语.如：The life I have is yours.It’s yours.It’s yours.3.双重所有格物主代词不可与a，an，this，that，these，those，some，any，several，no，each，every，such，another ，which等词一起前置，修饰一个名词，而必须用双重所有格.公式为：a，an，this，that+名词+of+名词性物主代词.三、指示代词指示代词表示“那个”“这个”“这些”“那些”等指示概念的代词.指示代词有this，that，these，those等.如：That is a good idea.指示代词的用法1.指示代词分单数（this/that）和复数（these/those）两种形式，既可作限定词又可作代词.2.指示代词的句法功能.1)作主语.如：This is the way to do it.2)作宾语.如：I like this better than that.3)作表语.如：My point is this.4)作介词宾语.如：I don’t say no to that. There is no fear of that.说明1：指示代词在作主语时可指物也可指人，但作其他句子成分时只能指物，不能指人.如：（对）Th at is my teacher.那是我的老师.（that作主语，指人）（对）He is going to marry this girl.他要和这个姑娘结婚.（this作限定词）（错）He is going to marry this.（this作宾语时(Shi)不能指人）（对）I bought this.我买这(Zhe)个.（this指物，可作(Zuo)宾语）说明2：that和those可作定语从句的先行词，但this和these不能，同时，在作先行词时，只有those可指人，试比较(Jiao)：（对）He admired that which looked beautiful.（对） He admired those who looked beautiful.他赞赏(Shang)那些外表漂亮的人.（those指人）（错） He admired that who danced well.（that作宾语时不能指人）（对）He admired those who danced well.他赞赏跳舞好的人.（those指人）（对）He admired those which looked beautiful.他赞赏那些外表漂亮的东西.（those指物）四、反身代词表示“我自己”“你自己”“他自己”“我们自己”“你们自己”和“他们自己”等的代词，叫做自身代词，也称为“反身代词”.如：She was talking to herself.她自言自语.反身代词单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称myself yourself himselfherselfitselfourselves yourselves themselves反身代词的用法1.作宾语，如1)有些动词需有反身代词，如absent，bathe，amuse，blame，dry，cut，enjoy，hurt，introduce，behave等.如：We enjoyed ourselves very much last night.Please help yourself to some fish.2)用于及物动词+宾语+介词，如：take pride in，be annoyed with，help oneself to sth等.I could not dress（myself）up at that time.注：有些动词后不跟反身代词，如：get up，stand up，wake up等.Please sit down.2.用作表语.如.I am not myself today.3.用作(Zuo)同位语.如(Ru)The thing itself is not important.4.在不(Bu)强调的情况下，but，except，for 等介词后宾语用反身代词或人称代词宾格均可.注(Zhu)意：1)反身代词本身不能单独作(Zuo)主语.（错）Myself drove the car.（对）I myself drove the car.我自己开车.2)但在and，or，nor连接的并列主语中，第二个主语可用反身代词，特别是myself 作主语.Charles and myself saw it.查尔斯和我看见了这件事.五、相互代词表示相互关系的代词叫相互代词，有each other和oneanother两个词组.他们表示句中动词所叙述的动作或感觉在涉及的各个对象之间是相互存在的.如：It is easy to see that the people of different cultures have always copied each other.，相互借鉴的相互代词宾格each other，one another所有格each other’s，one another’s相互代词的句法功能1.作动词宾语.如：People should love one another.人们应当彼此相爱.2.可作介词宾语.Dogs bark，cocks crow，frogs croak to each other.犬吠、鸡鸣、蛙儿对唱.说明：传统语法认为，相互关系存在于两个人或物之间用each other，存在于两个以上人和物之间用one another.现代英语中，两组词交替使用的实例也很多.He put all the books beside each other/one another.他把所有书并列摆放起来.Usually these small groups were independent of each other.这些小团体通常是相互独立的.3.相互代词可加’s构成所有格.如：The students borrowed each other’s notes.六、不定代词不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词.常见的不定代词有all，both，each，every等，以及含有some，any，no等的合成代词，如anybody，something，noone.这些不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词，在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，但none和由some，any ，no等构成的复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语或表语；every和no只能作定语.如：—Do you have a car?— Yes，I have one.—I don’t know any of them.他们，Ⅱ代词的用法1. nothing, none, no onenone作为代词，最常用来表示数量，它可以(Yi)是一个可数的概念（howmany）也可以是一个不可数的概念(howmuch),或者any引起的问题；而nothing是相对于something(有某物)什么都没有,它回答的是“What isin/on...”的问题；而no one=nobody没有人，它回答的是“Who didthat?”（谁……）或是anyone（有没有人）的问题.2. one, ones, that, those, it（1）one和ones可以(Yi)用来代替前面提到过的可数名词，one代单数(Shu)，ones代复数，其(Qi)中：两者都可以指代物(Wu)（只要是可数）one前面一般不加a,因为它本身有“一个”的意思，但如果one前面有形容词修饰，则需要加a/an.one可以单独使用，意思为“任何人”.例如：—Shall we have a rest?—Didn’t we just have one?(因为one=a something)One should always believe in oneself.（2）that与those：that可以代替前面提到的不可数名词或可数名词单数（相当于the one；而those代替前面提到的复数名词，有时可以用the ones替换.例如：The population of China is bigger than that of India. (that=the population）The boy told his story and that of the girl next room.(that=the story)The cell phones we made nowadays are better than those/the ones made 2 years ago.（those=the cell phones=the ones)（3）one和(He)it:两者都可以用来代替前(Qian)面出现过的单数名词,one指这类东西中(Zhong)的任何一个，指类属，泛指.it指前面(Mian)所指的同一物.例(Li)如：I need a pen to sign my name. Can I have one? (one =a pen) I cannot find my new pen. Have you seen it?（it指那支新钢笔）3. another, the other, other, others, the others（1）another和the other:两者都是“另一个”的意思，但数量上有区别:用another指两个以上的数量，而theother只指两个中的另一个，例如：He has three brothers, one is a teacher, another is a doctor and the third is an engineer.注：another除了可以作代词，还可以用作形容词.这里有必要区别another, theother和more的用法：①another:another表“另一个”时只跟可数名词单数，而表“另外的、额外的、附加的”时，可跟带有few或具体数字的复数名词，此时可把“数词＋复数名词”看作是一个整体.例如：—Have you finished your report yet？—No，I will finish it in another 10 minutes.There is room for another few people in the back of the bus.②other:表“另外的”接复数名词，如与具体数词连用，则置于数词之后，但与定冠词the连用时，other要放在数词前.例如：Tony is going camping with two other little boys next Sunday.Do you know where he found the other two photos？③more:more一般位于数词之后,名词之前，有时也可置于名词之后.例如：One more step（One step more），and I’ll shoot you.Where shall we be in ten more years？more除跟数词外，还可与many, a little，a few，a lot，several等词连用，例如:There are many more dictionaries on the desk.Would you like some more tea？(2) others, the othersothers是相对于(Yu)some来说的：some...some....others...(一些(Xie)……一些……另一些……）是泛指；而(Er)the others是特(Te)指另一些，相对于ones(可以理解为one, the other的(De)复数).例如：Class 1 are cleaning the classroom. Some are sweeping the floor, some are cleaning the window, and others are washing the blackboard. （泛指）There are only 20 students in the classroom, where are the others.（特指）4. both, other, neither, each, any, allboth:两者都，谓语动词用复数；either:两者中间的任何一个，谓语动词用单数；neither:两者中间无任何一个，谓语动词多用单数，也可以用复数；each:两个或两个以上中的每一个，谓语动词用单数；any:三者或三者以上中的任何一个，谓语动词用单数；all:三者或三者以上全部；5. some, any, nosome属于肯定词，主要用于肯定句中，但当说话人期待肯定回答时，也可以用于疑问句中.例如：Could I have some more tea, please? Would you like some more coffee?any属于非肯定词，主要用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中.它可以与形容词的比较级连用.例如：D on’or I’ll shoot!no属于否定词，用于否定句中：no+可数名词单数=not a/an no+可数名词复数=notany.例如：There is no such thing as a free lunch in the world.【考点诠释】纵观历年高考试题，代词的主要考点主要集中在以下几个方面：不定代词one，the one，ones，the ones；物主代词的用法；人称代词主格和宾格的用法；表示两者和多者的不定代词的比较；指示代词this，that，these，those，it的用法；another，(the)other(s)，else；the rest的用法；every-，some-，any-，no-与-thing，-one，-body构成的复合不定代词的用法.考点1 人(Ren)称代词一般地说人称代词作主语时用主格；作宾语时用宾格；作定语时用形容词性物主代词；名词性物主代词可以(Yi)代替“形容词性物主代词+名词”.但口语中，在无动词的句子里，往往用代词的宾格(Ge)形式.1．用于无谓(Wei)语的句子中一Dpes any of you know why Jack hasn’?一Me．.答语如果带谓语，就(Jiu)得用主格，如：I can．和I do，too．/So do I．2．表示惊奇、猜疑、反问、不满、厌烦等①Do you have good eyesight，young man?一Me?I can see a sparrow two hundred paces away．②What?Me fight a big chap like him?Not me!3．代替as，than等连词之后的主格(多用于口语中，尤其用于句末)①I’m not as tall as him(he)．.②)She is much more careful than me(I)．她比我细心得多.当这类人称代词带有all，both等同位语时，用宾格的形式就更为常见了.如：He works harder than us a11．典例：Our neighbers gave a baby bird yesterday that hurt when it fell from its nest． A．us；it B．us；itself C．ourselves；itself D．ourselves；it考点2指不代词1．this/these，that/thosethis,these指代下面要说的内容；that，those指代上面陈述过的内容.如：①What I’d like to say about how to improve our spoken English is like this．②That’sa11．Thank you．③Salaries are higher here than those in my hometown．2．一些习惯说法中this和that的用法比较固定①Who’s that?你是谁?②)This is Mary．③11at’s all right/OK．.(对感谢的答语)④nat’S nothing．.(对道歉的答语) ‘⑤That’s that．(表示决定不能更改)⑥That’S a11．就这些了.⑦That is…那就是……3．this，that有时可以用作副词，意为“这么，那么”，用在形容词或副词前作状语，表示程度It isn’t that cold．还(Huan)没那么冷.考点3不(Bu)定代词以下是几组(Zu)易混不定代词：1．some类不定代(Dai)词与any类不定代词(1)some类不定代词多用于肯定句中(Zhong)；any类的多用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中.如：Raise your hands if you have any questions．如果你们有问题，请举手.(2)但在表示客气的请求或希望对方给予肯定回答的疑问句中，要用some类的不定代词.如：Would you like something to drink?你要喝点什么吗?(3)any类的不定代词用在肯定句中，表示“任何(一个)；任何事情；无论什么”.如：She promised that she could do anything for you．她许诺能为你做任何事情.2．all，both，neither，none(1)all指三者或三者以上“都”，both指两者“都”.如：①Both(of)his hands were wounded．②All(of)his fingers were wounded．(2)neither表示“两个都不”，常和of连用，放在带有冠词、物主代词或指示代词的复数名词之前，作主语时，谓语动词可以用单数或复数；none表示三个或三个以上“都不”，可用于人，也可用于物，后可接of短语，与复数名词、代词或单数集合名词连用作主语，指人时，谓语动词用单、复数皆可；指物时，只用第三人称单数形式.如：①Neither of the twins is/are correct．②None of us has/have ever been to the Great wall．3．any，either，each，every(1)any一般用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中.也可用在肯定句中，以加强语气，表示“任一”的概念；还可以用来修饰可数名词单数，表示三者或三者以上中的“任何一个”.如：I didn’t eat any meat．我一点儿肉也没吃.4．no，none，nothing，nobody(1)no不能单独使用，相当于not a或not any，作定语修饰可数名词或不可数名词.如：You have no sympathy for the sufferings of others．你对别人的痛苦没有同情心.(2)none既可以指人，也可以指物，侧重指三者或三者以上的人或物，用于回答how many/much引导的疑问句，可与介词of连用.如：①None of the books is suitable for the young．这些书都不适合(He)年轻人读.②一(Yi)How many people are there in the room?一None．没人.(3)nobody指人，用于回答who引导的疑(Yi)问句；nothing指物，用于回答what引导的疑问句.如(Ru)：一(Yi)Who is in the room?谁在屋内? 一Nobody．没有人.5．it，one，ones， that和those(1)it特指上文所提到的同一个物，它所代替的名词常由the，this，that等修饰.one指上文提到的同类事物中的一个，不特指，被指代的名词通常由不定代词some或any修饰.如：①Where is that book?I can’t find it．那本书在哪儿?我找不到它.②I haven’t got any erasers．Will you please give me one?我没有橡皮，请你给我一块好吗?(2)one与that都可用来代替上文中出现的名词，one前要用定冠词the，有时that和the one可互换使用.如：The book isn’t so interesting as the one/that you borrowed．(3)但that和one在多数情况下是不能互换的，主要区别在于：that既可代替可数名词，也可代替不可数名词，常要求有后置定语，一般不指人，复数形式为those.one只能代替可数名词单数，复数形式为ones.当可数名词前有形容词修饰时，只能用one，不用that.当of短语作可数名词的后置定语时，用that，不用one.如：①The best cigarettes are those from Yunnan．②The boy told me his story and that of the girl next door．Your coat is blue，and my new one is green．你的大衣是蓝色的，我的新大衣是绿色的.(4)the ones用来代替上文提到的特指的复数名词，有时可以用those代替，尤其在有后置定语的情况下.如：The books on the desk are better than those/the ones under the desk．6．another，other，others，more(1)another既可以单独使用，也可以用于单数名词前，泛指三者或三者以上中的“另外一个人或物”.还可以用“another+数量词+复数名词”，表示”再，又”.如：①was there another way out? ②we’d better wait another five mi nutes．特别提示表示“另外一个学生”只能用another student，不能说成another one student.(2)other不能单独使用，应用于复数名词前，表示另外的某些人或物，也可以用在some，any，no之(Zhi)后，或具体数词之后，再接名词，构成”不定代词或具体数词+other+名词”；接单数名词时，还可以用在冠词the后，特指两个人或物中的另外一个(可以省略为the other)，或特指另外的某些人或物(可以省略为the others)，others泛指”其他的(事物)，别人”.如(Ru)：Done remained and the other went away．②We should learn to treat others as equals．7．something，anything，everything，nothing(1)something一般用在肯定句中(Zhong)，也可以用在表示邀请、征询意见的委婉问句中.如(Ru)：Could you do something for me?请为我(Wo)做点事好吗?(2)anything用在否定句、疑问句或条件句中.如：There isn’t anything inside．(3)everything意为”一切事物”，可用在肯定句或疑问句中.用于否定句时，表示部分否定；表示全部否定时要用nothing或not anything.如：Everything is good when new，but friends when old．东西是新的好，朋友是老的亲.(谚语)(4)nothing表示”什么也没有”，常用于陈述句，表示否定意义，不能与否定词连用.如：①Do nothing by halves．凡事不可半途而废.(谚语)②Fools learn nothing from wise men，but wise men learn much from fools．愚者不学无术，智者不耻下问.(谚语)典例1：（2010高考英语江西卷,27)Swimming is my favorite sport. There is _______ like swimming as a means of keeping fit.A somethingB anythingC nothingD everything【答案】C【解析】考查不定代词.句意：游泳是我最爱的运动.再没有比游泳更好的锻炼方式了.There is nothing like…意即”没有什么能像……了”.典例2：(2009陕西)Jane was asked a lot of questions，but she didn’t answer of them．A．other B．any C．none D．some典例3：(2009江苏 of their parents．A．those B．one C．both D．that解析D 句意：十分之九的家长认为他们教育孩子的方法和他们父母的教育方法有明显(Xian)的差别.在同一句话(Hua)中，指代的名词和前面提到的名词是同一类，即同名异物，要用that.考点4 反身代(Dai)词1．反身代词在句中可以作宾语、表语、并列主语，以及名(Ming)词、代词的同位语①The text itself is very easy．(作(Zuo)主语的同位语)②(Either)Jane or yourself will go there．.(作并列主语，但不能单独作主语)③He is not laughed at that laughs at himself first．[谚]自嘲者不会让人嘲笑. ④Respect yourseff，or no one else will respect you．[谚]要人尊敬，必须自重.2．主语与宾语是同一个人时，应当用反身代词teach oneself，enjoy oneself，help oneself，throw oneself，look after oneself3．在系动词后作表语，常用于否定句，表示身体不适I don’t know what’S the matter with me．I’m not myself today．4．用在交际英语中①Help yourseff!②Make yourself at home!③Don’t upset yourself!5．辨别几组搭配by oneself独自for oneself独自地，靠自己的力量；of oneself~t动地；to oneself独占，典例：Isn’t it amazing how the human body heals after an injury?A．hireself B．him C．itself D．it考点5 it的用法在英语中，运用it的场合较多.从它在句中的作用和意义来看，it的用法可分为三类：1．指代作用(1)用作人称代词，代替前文或后文所提到的同一事物(单数可数名词或不可数名词).如：Although we cannot see it，there is air all around us．(2)代替前面的整个句子.如：It is said that he has died of a disease，but it isn’t true．(3)用在答语中代替指示代词this，that.如：一What is this?这是什么? 一It’s a bike．(4)代替不能或没有必要区分性别的或某些习惯说法中的人.如：①The baby cried because it Was hungry．婴儿哭是因为饿了.(婴儿习惯上不区分性别)②一Who is knocking at the door? 一It’s me．(5)指环境(Jing)、情形等.如(Ru)：①I can’t stand it any longer．我再也不能容忍这种情况(Kuang)了.②Take it easy．别(Bie)紧张.(6)指度量衡单位、时间、距离、季节、天气及(Ji)自然现象.如：①It’s getting colder and colder now．现在越来越冷了.②It is winter now．现在是冬天了.2．形式作用(1)形式主语当动词不定式、v.ing形式或从句作主语时，通常把它们放在谓语之后，而用it作句子的形式主语.如：(I)It’s no use crying over spilt milk．[谚]覆水难收.②It takes three generations to make a gentleman．[谚]十年树木，百年树人.(2)形式宾语当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、v-ing形式或宾语从句时，往往把真正的宾语放在补足语后面，而用it作形式宾语，放在宾语补足语之前.如：①You must make it clear to them that the situation is serious．②)They thought it difficult to talk to the guests about the recent events．特别提示形式宾语用在“主语+谓语动词+宾语”结构中，谓语动词appreciate，dislike，hate，like，love，make(按时到达，成功)等后接由if或when等引导的从句时，往往在从句前加形式宾语it.如：①1 would appreciate it if you paid in cash．如果你能支付现金的话，我会不胜感激.②The boy likes it when you do that．那个男孩喜欢你那样做.3．强调作用it可以用来改变句子的结构，使句子的某一成分得到强调.强调句型的基本结构为：Itis/was+所强调的成分+that/who/whom+其他成分.【高考链接】1If our parents do everything for us children, we won't learn to depend onA. themselvesB. themC. usD. ourselves【答案】D主语为we，因此应为ourselves. depend on oneself:自力更生.2. (2010高考英语重庆卷,23)He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never foundof them again.A. neitherB. eitherC. eachD. all【答(Da)案】 B.由his temper and his health可以排除CD，由后面的never表否定，选(Xuan)either，never/not either是全部否定，相当于neither.3. that’s important is that you are doing your best and moving in the right direction.A．One B．All C．EverythingD．AnythingB此处All that's important相当于What's important，在主句中(Zhong)作主语，表示“重要的是……”4. (2010高考英语(Yu)天津卷,6)in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the PalaceMuseum. A. Anything B. Nothing C. Everything D. Something5.(2010高考英语四(Si)川卷,7)On my desk is a photo that my father took of when I was ababy. A. him B. his C. me D. mine【答案】Ctake a photo of sb意为给某人照相，此处应用人称代词的宾格.6.t is said that two man-made structures are clearly visible from space. One is the Great Wall ofChina, and is Japans Kansai International Airport.A．another B．other C．the other D．either【答案】C.两者中的一个用one，两者中的另一个用the other，上句有提示two man—made structures，所以用one…the other结构.7.(The cost of renting a house in central Xi’an is higher than ____ in any other area of the city. A.that B. this C. it D. one【答案】A在西安市中心租一套房子的费用比在该市任何其他地区租一套房子的费用都要高.根据句意可知，空处指代The cost of renting a house，应该用that.8.Helping others is a habit, _______ you can learn even at an early age.A. itB. thatC. whatD. one9.The fact that she was foreign made _____difficult for her to get a job in that country A soB. muchC. thatD. it【答案】D题(Ti)干中含有make it difficult for sb to do sth结构.形式宾语it代(Dai)替后面的动词不定式短语to get a job in that country.10.Swimming is my favorite sport. There is _______ like swimming as a means of keeping fit.A somethingB anythingC nothingD everything【答案】C句意：游泳是我(Wo)最爱的运动.再没(Mei)有比游泳更好的锻炼方式了.There is nothing like…意即”没有什么能像(Xiang)……了”.11When you introduce me to Mr. Johnson, could you please say for me ?A. everythingB. anythingC. somethingD. nothing【答案】 C.A项意为：“每件事”，B项意为“任何事”；C项意为“某事”；D项意为“没什么”.句意为：“当你把我介绍给约翰逊先生时，请为我说话吧.”something用在问剧中表示建议或请求，期望得到肯定或者所问问题可能性很大时.12.'ll spend half of my holiday practicing English and half learning drawing.A. anotherB. the otherC. other’sD. other【答案】B句意：假期我会把一半时间用于练习英语，另一半用于学习绘画.half表示“一半”，the other half表示“另一半”.the other指两个事物中的“另一个”.13The doctor thought ____ would be good for you to have a holiday.A. thisB. thatC. oneD. it14.Neither side is prepared to talk to _____ unless we can smooth thing over between them.A. othersB. the otherC. anotherD. one other【答案】 B句意为：“双方都不准备和对方交流，除非我们能做一些调停的(De)事情.”首先注意本句的Neither说明问题是出在两个对立方，而双方不打算作出让步(Bu)，所以这里选B，the other指两者中的另一方.而another指的三者(Zhe)或三者以上；others是针对两大类人的，常与some对应，没有one other的说法.15You are a team star! Working with is rally your cup of tea.A. both B．either C. others D．the other答(Da)案：1.D 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.D 6.B 7.D 8.C 9.A 10.B 11.B 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.D 16.D 17.B 18.B19.D 20.B 21.A 22.C 23.A 24.A 25.C 26.D 27.D 28.A 29.C 30.C 31.A 32.A 33.C 34.A 35.D 36.A37.A 38.A 39.B 40.D 41.B 42.C 43.B 44.C 45.D 46.C 47.D4 8.B 49.B 50.D参(Can)考答案：1-5 ADAAB 6-10 CBAAC 11-15 BACCB 16-20 BBBDD21-25 DCCCB 26-30 DCBAD 31-35 CCABA 36-40 ADBCB41-45 CCDBD 46-50 CADAC 51-53 CCB。
代词 课件 2023届高考英语语法总复习
知识3 反身代词
1.反身代词可作宾语:常在 enjoy, teach, hurt, behave, introduce(介 绍)等动词后作动宾和by, for, to, in, of等介词后作介宾。 ►He is teaching himself English. ►She was talking to herself. 2.反身代词可作同位语:用于加强语气,强调"亲自,本人,亲身"。 ►He himself went to the bank. 3.反身代词可作表语:常用于be, feel, look, seem等系动词后作表语,表 示身体或精神状态。 ►I'm not myself today. ►I am feeling myself again.
知识5 some和any
some常用于肯定句,any则常用于否定句和疑问句。 ►Some of the milk has gone bad. ►I need some stamps. Are there any in your bag? 特别提醒 any还可用于肯定句,表示"任一"。 ►I'll take any you don't want.
知识2 物主代词
物主代词可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。 1.形容词性物主代词相当于形容词:置于名词之前,作定语,不可单独使用。 ►Those people are my schoolmates. 拓展延伸 含形容词性物主代词的常用结构: 1.形容词性物主代词+own(+名词) 某人自己的(……) ►I have my own room. ►I need a room of my own. 2.形容词性物主代词+v-ing,可作主语或宾语 ►His being ill made his mother worried.
高考英语复习语法知识专题讲解3---代词(解析版)
高考英语复习语法知识专题讲解专题三代词一、代词的分类用来代替名词或起名词作用的词、短语、分句或句子的词叫作代词。
英语中的代词可分为类人称代词主格 I we you you he,；she； it they 宾格me us you you him；her；it them物主代词形容词性my our your your his；her；its their 名词性mine ours yours yours his；hers；its theirs 反身代词myself ourselves yourself yourselves himself；herself；itself themselves 指示代词this, that, these, those, such, so不定代词 one, some, any, each, none, all, both, neither, either, other, another, no, many，much, (a)few,（a)little, something, anything, nothing, everything相互代词 each other, one another疑问代词who, whom, whose, which, what ，whoever, whichever, whatever连接代词who, whom, whose, which, what，whoever, whichever, whatever关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose, as二、常考代词的用法1.both, all, either, any, neither, none 微专题易错点指代范围代词用法两者both 意为“两者都”，是对两者的肯定either 意为“（两者中）任一个”，表示二选一neither 意为“都不”，是对两者的否定all 意为“全部”，指代或修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词三者或三者以上any 意为“任何一个”，指代或修饰可数名词单数或不可数名词none意为“全无，没有一点”，指代可数名词复数或不可数名词指物或人，其后可接表示范围的of...回答 how many/how much 的提问no one意为“没有人”，只指人其后不接表示范围的of...回答 who 的提问例：He is good at both English and French.You can take either of the pictures, whichever you like.It was a game in which neither team would win.Neither of us could understand German.All are happy to know the news.Phone me any day next week.We had three cats once but none(of them)is alive now.No one knows the answer.－How many of you have been to the Great Wall?－None.2.other, another 微专题易错点两者都意为“另一个”。
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(4)_W__h_ic_h__of your teacher do you like best?
(2)whatever,whichever,whoever与what，which，who的异同
①whatever, whichever, whoever分别是what, which, who的强调形式 ，相当于what/which/who on earth (in the world）意为：到底 （究竟）什么/哪一个/谁。
全部否定:not/never+（either，any），neither, none ，no+名词(nobody, nothing, no one).
eg. All of the boys are clever, but none of them can work out this problem.
高考链接：
（2）（ 天津 5）To know more about the British Museum, you can use the Internet or go to the library, or _______.
A. neither
B. some
C. all
D. both
（3）（2010 重庆 23）He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found _____of them again.
—Me too. 随堂练习（代词填空）: —Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard. — Why_m__e__(为什么非让我去做)？John is sitting here doing nothing
二 物主代词
（1）物主代词即人称代词的所有格形式，它可分为形容词性物主代词 和名词性物主代词
二 部分否定和全部否定
部分否定：当not与表全体,完全意义的代词：all, both ,every+名词连用时， 无论not出现在什么位置，都表示部分否定；
eg. Not all the ants go out for the food. 并非所有的蚂蚁都出外觅食 。 All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的未必都是金子。
高考语法专项 代词
考点解读
一 考纲要求
《课程标准》要求代词部分应掌握以下内容：
（1）在整体把握各类代词基本用法的基础上，重点掌握不定代词，以及 代词it的用法及区别；
（2）能在真实的语言环境中正确理解并运用。
二 命题规律
（1）代词的种类多样，用法各异。加之学生在学习英语的过程中容易犯 漏用代词，误用代词的错误，因此代词，一直是历年高考考察的要点 。
单数
复数
物主 形容 代词 词性
名词 性
第一 人称 my
min e
第二 人称 your
your s
第三 人称
his her its
his hers its
第一 第二 人称 人称 our your
ours your s
第三人 称 their
theirs
句子翻译： 这支笔是她的。 This pen is her pen. This pen is hers. 结论：形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词
（2）近几年来，高考中代词的的考察点仍集中在不定代词上。考察角度 有两个：一是考察他们在特定结构中的用法；二是考察不定代词在特 殊语境中的意义和功能差别。
（3）试题常设置情境干扰，注重特定语言环境中上下文的联系，而且题 干的语义结构复杂，注重与其他相关语法知识相结合，正确把握句意 ，分析句式结构在解题中起很重要的作用。
eg. Whatever do you want? 你想要什么？
Read whatever/what you like. 你爱读什么就读什么。
② whatever, whichever, whoever可引导让步状语从句，what, which, who不可。
eg. whatever you may say, I'll still try to do it.
三 解题技巧 在解答代词题目时，我们首先分析前后文，明确代词所指代的对象，从 而避免误判，具体做法是：
（1）代词指代的是人还是物； （2）代词指代的是可数名词还是不可数名词； （3）代词指代的概念是特指还是泛指 （4）代词指代的概念是表示两者之间还是三者或三者以上之间； （5）代词所表示的是肯定还是否定概念。
部分否定：当not与表全体,完全意义的代词：all, both ,every+名词连用时， 无论not出现在什么位置，都表示部分否定；
eg. Not all the ants go out for the food. 并非所有的蚂蚁都出外觅食 。 All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的未必都是金子。
itself
ourselves yourselves themselves
this, that
these. those
each other, one another
each other’s, one another’s
each, one, many, (a) few, both, another, either, neither
A. Anything B. Nothing C. Everything D. Something
考点自测（用none，nothing，no one，nobody填空）：
— (1) How many people are there in the room? — _________.
— (2) Who is in the room? —_________.
much, (a) little
all, some, none, such, any, other
anybody, anyone, anything, somebody, someone, something, nobody, nothing, everybody, everyone, everything who, whom, whose, which, what
（2）He is a friend of my father’s.他是我爸爸的一个朋友。 双重所有格形式：名词+of+名词性物主代词
随堂练习（物主代词填空）: (1)__H_i_s____(他的) father is an engineer. (2)That car of _m__i_n_e__（我的）is always breaking down. (3)His dictionary is much thicker than _y_o_u_rs__(你的). (4)I know each brother of _h_e_r_s__(她的).
who (ever), whom (ever), whose (ever), which (ever), what (ever) who, whom, whose, w代词 和疑问代词
一 人称代词 人称代词单独使用时，一般不用主格而用宾格。 Eg.—Glad to meet you.
不管你怎么说，我还是要试一试。
③who和whoever在引导名词性从句的区别：whoever是表示任何一个人, 无范围可言,相当于anyone who；who虽然也可以引导名词性从句, 但它常保留本身疑问的含义,是指具体的人或物。
eg. whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the light.
（1）（ 全国 30）——which of the two computer games did you prefer?
——Actually I didn’t like _______.
A. both of them B. either of them C. none of them D. neither of
— (3) Is there anyone in the room? —_________.
— (4) Is there any person in the room? —_________.
— (5) I need some students to help me to carry the tools for experiment, but
I
you
he, she, it
we
you
they
me
you
him, her, it
us
you
them
my
your his, her, its
our
your
their
mine
yours his, her, its ours
yours
theirs
myself
yourself
himself, herself,
elephant?
What is the biggest animal on land? 随堂练习（what和which填空）： (1)There are many kinds of televisions in the shop, I don‘t know _w__h_a_t_ to
choose. (2) _w__h_ic_h___ color do you like, black or white?
三 疑问代词 (1)what和which的区别 what是在未知范围内或在一个相当大而不明确的范围内选择；后面可跟
else。 which是在范围较小或明确的范围内进行选择(ABC之间选择)；后面可以