英语选修八第一单元笔记整理及补充

英语选修八第一单元笔记整理及补充

英语选修八第一单元复习指南

1.关于likely、possible、probable的用法辨析

2. declare

⑴declare war on/against

①对……宣战

②(=officially stated its intention to stop)

⑵declare sb/sth to be + n./adj.宣布某人/事

eg. ① His actions declared him to be an honest

man.他的行为表明他是个诚实的人。

②I declared his story to be false.

我声明他的话不是真的。

⑶declare for sb/sth 声明支持;表示赞成

⑷declare against sb/sth 声明反对;表示不赞成

eg. The boys declared themselves against

cheating.男孩子们宣布考试不作弊。

⑸declare sth open/closed 宣布……开始/结束

eg. ① The manager declared the meeting open.

经理宣布会议开始。

② At 6:00 pm the chairman declared the

meeting closed. 下午六点，大会主席宣布

闭会。

⑹declare that... 声称﹑宣布、公布……

eg. He declared that he was in love with her.

他声称爱她。

⑺declare sth

eg. ①The government has declared a state of emergency.政府宣布进入紧急状态。

② Jones was declared the winner of the

fight. 琼斯被宣布为这场竞赛的优胜者。

⑻申报(所购之物、收入等)

3. rather than

⑴释义：“宁愿……而不愿”;；“而不是……”；“与其……

倒不如……”

⑵用法：常用作并列连词，连接两个并列的成分，表示对

后者的否定。比如：

①连接两个名词或代词

eg. ◎ He is a explorer rather than a sailor.

= He is more a explorer than a sailor.

与其说他是一个海员，不如说他是一个探险者。

◎ You rather than I are going to camping.

是你而不是我要去野营。

②连接两个形容词或副词

eg. ◎The sweater that she bought was

beautiful rather than cheap. 与其说

她买的这件羊毛衫便宜，不如说它漂亮。

◎The ship sank quickly rather than slowly.

船沉得很快，而不是很慢。

③连接两个介词（短语）或动名词

eg. ◎We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall.我们是在教

室开会，而不是在大厅里。

◎She enjoys singing rather than

dancing.

她喜欢唱歌，而不喜欢跳舞。

◎ I prefer getting up early rather

than going to school without

breakfast.我宁愿早起，也不想空着

肚子上学。

④连接两个分句

eg. ◎ We should help him rather than he should help us.我们应该帮助他，而不是他应该帮助

某人。

⑤连接两个不定式

eg. I decided to write to him rather than (to) telephone.我决定写信，而不打电话。

⑥连接两个动词

eg. ◎ He ran rather than walked. 他是跑来的，而

⑶相近词辨析：

★other than 表示“除了……”、“除了……之外”常用于否定句中，相当于except﹑but等

★or rather 意思是“更确切地说”

⑷关于“would rather”

①意思是“宁愿、宁可、更、最好、还是为好”，后接动

词原形,常省略为’d rather，表示优先选择的一种方式其否定形式是would rather not do sth。would rather

没有人称和数的变化，所有的人称一律用would

rather。

“would rather+动词原形”是英语中常见的一个惯

用句式，美国英语中多用had rather。would (had)

在此决无“过去”之意，它是一个情态助动词，且无词性、时态变化。常用固定搭配为would

do ...rather than do = would rather do ...than do

eg. ◎Mr Li would rather not listen to rock music. 李先生不愿意听摇滚音乐。

◎If you’d rather be alone, we’ll all

leave here. 如果你宁愿独自呆着，那

我们都离开这儿。

◎He’d rather work in the countrys ide.

她宁可到农村去工作。

◎You would rather stay at home and do

some reading this evening. 今晚你最

好呆在家中读点书。

②如果在两者中进行取舍，表示“宁愿……而不愿……，与其……宁可……”的意思时，则可用would rather…than…或would…rather than…的句型

eg. ◎I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema. 我宁可在家看电视而不愿

去看电影。