新概念英语第1课笔记

Lesson 1 A private conversation
【New words and expressions】
★private ①adj.私人的（personal）私密的
A private company 私有公司private life 私生活private school 私立学校
Tthat is for your private ear.这是说给你一个人的秘密It's my private letter. （如果妈妈想看你的信）
It's my private house. （如果陌生人想进你的房子）于personal adj的区别在于personal多表示个人的感情，情绪和情感 personal feeling 个人感觉
②秘密的(secret) a private place 一个秘密的地方还可以说a secret place
③adj. 普通的private citizen 普通公民
I’m a private citizen. (citizen n. 公民)
private soldier 大兵《Private Ryan》《拯救大兵瑞恩》) public adj. 公众的，公开的(private的反义词) public school 公立学校public letter 公开信public place 公共场所privacy n.隐私
It’s privacy. 这是我的隐私!(不愿让别人知道的)
★conversation n.谈话
这类词还有talk; say; speak; chat; discuss; gossip have a + talk/chat/dialogue/conversation/gossip 名词变动词conversation 一般用于正式文体中, 内容上往往不正式subject of conversation 话题have a conversation with sb.跟某人谈话（交谈）I had a quiet conversation with my closest friend
我跟我最亲密的朋友密谈。

I saw him in conversation with a friend.
我看见他和一个朋友谈话
No conversation while I`m talking.
我讲话的时候不要谈话
They are having a conversation.他们正在谈话。

converse v.谈话不及物动词
converse with sb.跟某人谈话
talk n./v. 内容可正式可不正式, 也可以私人talk with/to sb.跟某人谈话
talk with/to sb about sth. 跟某人谈论什么事情Let’s have a talk.让我们谈谈
say vt.及物动词say sth 说了一些话
He said nothing. 他什么也没说。

“what a lovely day,”he said.天气多好呀，他说。

speak 说话，讲语言的意思及物，直接接语言。

speak a foreign language 讲一门外语
speak chinease 讲中文。

speak表示谈话讲话是不及物动词
speak to sb 同谁讲话（谈话）
speech n.. make a speech 作演讲
dialogue对话, 可以指正式国家与国家会谈China and Korea are having a dialogue.
chat n,/v. 聊天，闲聊，（表示友好的谈）就是北京人说的“侃”，无关紧要的事。

We had a long chat about old times.我们聊了很长关于过去的时光gossip n,/v. 嚼舌头, 说长道短
discuss v.有着严肃目的的讨论。

discussion n.
★theatre n.剧场, 戏剧戏院cinema n.电影院theater(美) 类似的还有metre centre
go to the theatre去看戏= go to the theatre to see a play go to the cinema = go to the movies = go to the film =see a film去看电影
theatre=play house（口语）
theatre goer 戏迷=play goer
★seat ①n.座位席位
have a good seat/place，这里的seat指place(指地点不能移动)，而不是chair.（能移动）
take a seat/take your seat 坐下来, 就坐
Is the seat taken? 这个位置有人吗? no/yes
Have a seat please= Have a seat please请坐seatbelt=safety belt 安全带
in the driver`s seat= in the leader`s seat= in the leader`s place 在重要（领导）岗位上
back-seat driver 爱指手画脚的人
win a seat 赢得一个席位
lose a seat输掉一个席位
②vt.安排……坐下作为动词的seat与sit的区别sit(sat)vi. sit是不及物动词，后面不加宾语,就座He is sitting there.他坐在那儿。

seat 及物动词(vt.)让某人就座Seat yourself.
seat sb. 让某人就坐，后面会加人
Seat yourself.你请坐
You seat him.你给他找个位置.
更常见的结构是被动语态be seated please 请坐When all those present(到场者)_D_ he began his lecture.A. sit B. set C. seated D. were seated sit down 坐下；be seated=take a seat 就坐
请坐的3种说法:
Sit down, please. (命令性)
Take your seat, please. Seat yourself
Will you have a seat?（比较客气）
Won`t you have a seat? 你不坐下吗
Would you have a seat? （更客气）
Be seated, please.(被动用法) (更礼貌)
★play①n.玩耍游戏娱乐
playboy 花花公子playground
②v. 玩玩耍
play with sb.和某人玩，还表示玩弄某人.用时慎重play with sth.摆弄什么东西，玩什么东西
play gooseberry(醋栗)当电灯炮
③v.玩比赛演奏play chess play the piano
④n.戏剧剧本soap play 连续剧
近义词：drama 戏戏剧文学戏剧艺术更正式opera歌剧Beijing opera 京剧
★loudly adv. 大声地aloud adv. 大声地
She called loudly for help 她大声地呼救=
She called aloud for help think aloud 自言自语★angry adj. 生气的
★angrily adv. 生气地angry =cross
I was angry. /He was cross. annoyed: 恼火的; be blue in the face 脸上突然变色
程I was annoyed.
度I was angry/cross.
加I was very angry.
深I am blue in the face. (脸色都青了,相当生气) rudely adv. 无礼地, 粗鲁地rude adj.
The young man said rudely 这个年轻人粗鲁地说real adj.→really adv.真的（地）
exact adj. →exactly adv.确实的（地）
quick →quickly adv.快的（地）
quiet →quietly adv.安静的（地）
★attention n. 注意
Attention ,please. 请注意(口语)
pay attention 注意pay attention to… 对……注意pay some attention to sth 给予一定的注意
pay more attention to sth 给予更多的注意
You must pay attention to that girl.
pay a little attention 稍加注意
pay much attention 多加注意pay more attention 更多注意
pay no attention 不用注意
pay close attention 特别注意
pay no attention to……毫不理会
turn a blind eye to……视而不见
turn a deaf ear to……充耳不闻
draw one`s attention 吸引……注意力
attract[ə'trækt] (吸引) one`s attention（38分）The new type of computer draws our attention
新款计算机吸引了我们的注意力。

在口语中，宣布一件事情，为了吸引某人人注意力，可为样表达Attention,please.用名词单独出现Attention,passengers.The plane leaves at 9 o`clock.乘客们请注意，飞机在9点起飞。

在非常正式的场合，如国际会议上，
Ladies and gentlemen,may I get your attention, please. 女士们，先生们，请注意
在讲完进表示感谢，
That`s all.Thank you for your attention.或
That`s all.Thank you for your time.
感谢你听我讲这些。

★bear(bore, born) v. 容忍
①vt. 承受，支撑，承担，负担
Can the ice bear my weight?这冰能承受我的体重吗？Who will bear the cost? 谁来承担这笔费用？
②vt. 忍受(与can/could连用于疑问及否定句中)
I can't bear the young man and a young woman behind me. 我无法忍受身后的这对男女。

I can't bear it anymore. 我再也受不了了。

She eats too fast. I can’t bear to watch/watching her. How can you bear living in this place?
她吃得太快。

我看着受不了。

How can you bear living in this place?
你怎么能受得了住在这个地方？
In the end, 1 could not bear it.最后，我忍不住了。

bear =stand =put up with sb.
I can't bear/stand you. 我不能容忍你
endure[ɪn'djʊə(r)]:忍受,容忍、put up with :忍受I got divorced(离婚).I could not put up with him bear/stand/endure 忍受的极限在加大bearable adj.可忍受的，经得住的
③bear n.熊粗鲁蛮横的人white bear 白熊
He``s really bear.他真是个粗鲁的家伙。

a bear market 熊市（股票下跌的行情）
a bull market 牛市（股票上涨的行情）
bear hug :热情(热烈)的拥抱give sb. a bear hug The old lady saw me and came and give me a bear hug。

那个老太太看见我走过来给了我一个热情的拥抱。

bear`s service 帮倒忙，好心做错事
★business n. 事, 生意贸易商业买卖（50）①n. 生意business man :生意人/do business: 做生意go to some place on business:因公出差
be on business 出差business hours 营业时间
②n. 某人自己的私人的事情
It's my business. (指私人的事, 自己处理的事)
It's none of your business. 不关你的事。

I'll make it my business.我就让它成为我的事。

thing 表示任何的事情，事务
business 强调职责，责任（通常指自己的私事）affair 强调发生过或将要发生的事。

指具体的事foreign affairs外交事务public affairs公共事务matter 被考虑被处理的事（通常指问题）
★rudely adv. 无礼地, 粗鲁地
rude adj. 反义词：polite adj.客气的，有礼貌的rudeness n.. 粗鲁
★pay vt. &vi. 支付①vt. &vi. 支付(价款等) Have you paid the taxi-driver?
你给出租车司机钱了吗？
You can pay a deposit of thirty pounds…
您可以先付30英镑的定金……
I’ll pay by installments. 我将分期付款。

(pay…for sth. 花/支付……(钱)买……)
②vt. &vi. 给予(注意等)；去(访问)
They did not pay any attention. 他们毫不理会。

We paid a visit to our teacher last Sunday.
上星期天我们去拜访了老师。

③n. 工资，报酬I have not received my pay yet. 我还没有领到工资。

【课文讲解】
1、Last week I went to the theatre.
（1）句首的“Last week”点明叙述的事情发生的时间是上星期。

因此整篇课文的时态基本上应是过去时（包括过去进行时），直接引语部分的时态除外。

（2）动词go的原义是离开一个地方去另一个地方，与介词to连用后，常加上主语所要去的目的来代表主语的动作目的。

这种表达方式简明扼要。

go to the +地点表示去某地干嘛
go to the theatre = go to the theatre to see a play去剧场看戏
go to the cinema =see a film去电影院看电影
go to the dairy 去牛奶店
go to the + 人+ 's 表示去这个人开的店
go to the doctor's 去看病；go to the butcher's 买肉以下短语中名词前不加冠词：
go to school 去上学；go to church 去做礼拜；go to hospital(医院) 去看病；go to bed 上床，睡觉；go home(跟home相连一定表无事情可做,回家休息)
I am at home. 在家休息
2、I had a very good seat.
=Maybe I sat in the front of the theatre.
seat一般指戏院、汽车等配置的固定座位，也可以抽象地表示“座位”或“位子”等概念。

the front seat of a car 汽车的前座
Take a seat, please. 请坐。

3、The play was very interesting. 戏很有意思。

interesting属于现在分词形式的形容词，意思是“使人感兴趣”。

它通常与非人称主语连用或修饰某个事物：This is an interesting book/idea.
这是一本有趣的书／一个令人感兴趣的主意。

Interested “感到感兴趣”，主语为人
4、I did not enjoy it.
enjoy 基本意义为“欣赏”、“享受”、“喜爱”“喜欢”，后面一般跟名词、代词（包括反身代词）或动名词形式,从当中得到一种享受(后面不能跟人)
①enjoy +n.
I enjoy the music. /the dinner/film/program/game
②enjoy oneself/反身代词玩的开心
We always enjoy ourselves. 我们总是玩得很开心。

③enjoy +动名词Jane doesn’t enjoy swimming. She enjoys going to the theatre.
简不喜欢游泳。

她喜欢去剧院看戏。

5、…were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly.……坐在我的身后，大声地说着话。

这两句的时态为过去进行时。

6、I got very angry.
get在这里有“逐渐变得”的含义，接近become，
是个表示过程的动词，表示状态的变化。

而I was very angry则仅表示当时的状态是生气，并不暗示过程。

I am/was angry. 是一个事实、
I got angry. 强调变化过程It is hot.、It got hot. got取代be动词，got是半系动词,可直接加形容词。

7、I could not hear the actors. I turned round.
hear+人:听见某人的话。

用具体代替抽象，“借喻”
I could not hear you. Beg your pardon?
I couldn't hear you./I couldn't hear a word./I couldn't catch your words/I couldn't hear you clearly.
Beg your pardon? /I couldn't catch your words. turn 转变方向turn round =turn around 转身turn to sb.for help向某人求助turn(翻转) to page 12 8、In the end, I could not bear it.
in the end 最后，终于，表示一段较长的时间之后或某种努力之后She tried hard to finish her homework by herself. In the end, she had to ask her brother for help. 她试图自已完成家庭作业，但最后她不得不请她兄弟帮忙。

9、I can't hear a word! hear a word of sb.
(a word 等于一句话) He didn't say a word. May I speak to Jim?/May I have a word with Jim? 10、It's none of your business.
one’s business 指某人(所关心的或份内)的事
It's none of your business./None of your business./
It's my business. 不关你的事。

It is my business to look after your health.
我必须照顾你的身体健康。

none相当于not any或no one，但语气较强。

She kept none of his letters. 他的信件她一封也没有保留。

None of my friends left early.
我的朋友没有一个早离开的。

none of 这个短语有时可以表达一种断然、甚至粗暴的口气，尤其是在祈使句中：None of your silly remarks! 别说傻话了！
11、a private conversation，私人间的谈话。

在西方文化中人们对private（私人的，个人的）这个概念很看重。

这个词的名词形式privacy有“隐私（权）”的意思。

所以课文中的小伙子会振振有词地说“This is a private conversation!”不过他忘了他是在一个public place（公众场合），而且他们的说话声太大，已经影响了别人。

【Key structures】
简单陈述句的语序
陈述句语序为主语,有谓语（动词）,有宾语, 方式状语，地点状语，时间状语，有句号
1 ---主语，一般由名词、代词或名词短语构成，通常位于动词之前，动词必须与主语一致，即主语决定动词的单复数形式（如I am, you are, he has）。

2 ---谓语，由动词充当
3 ---宾语，一般为名词、代词或名词短语，在主动句中，宾语一般位于动词之后。

一个句子不总需要有宾语。

4 ---状语的位置比较灵活。

副词或介词短语,对方式或状态提问,往往做状语I like her very much
当一个句子里有一种以上的副词时，地点副词的一般位置是在方式副词之后、时间副词之前，如上面的最后一个例句。

时间状语可以在句尾，也可以在句首：
简单陈述句一定不能少的是主语, 谓语.
Last night Lucy went to the theatre.
昨晚露西去剧院看戏了。

I heard a voice at the door just now.
我刚才听到门口有声音。

Sam listened to the story quietly. 萨姆静静地听着故事。

The man ran away quickly.那人很快跑掉了。

（无宾语）如果问何时何地,是一个固定搭配when and where [Multiple choice] (1:21:54)
7 The young man and the young woman paid ___d___ attention to the writer.
a. none
b. any
c. not any
d. no none——代词，没有任何东西、没有任何人None knows./None of us knows.
not——否定词,要放在非实义动词后面
not any=no He didn't pay attention.
no——形容词、修饰名词
I don't have any friends./I have no friends.
I have no time./I don't have any time.
11 The writer could not bear it. He could not _c_it.
a. carry
b. suffer
c. stand
d. lift
bear 忍受=stand
suffer 遭受,忍受(精神或肉体上)痛苦，suffer后面必须加一种痛苦I suffer the headache.(肉体上的痛苦)He often suffers defeat.(精神上痛苦)。