美国文学史复习资料
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殖民主义时期的文学
a、narratives 日记
b、journals 游记
典型的清教徒: John Cotton & Roger William
英国最早移民到美国的诗人:Anne Bradstreet
在殖民时期最好的清教徒诗人:the best of Puritan poets is Edward Tayor.
Hard work, thrift, piety and sobriety
The work of two writers, Anne Bradstreet & Edward Taylor,
reason and revolution
Benjamin Franklin Poor Richard's Almanac /The Way to Wealth/The Autobiography
2、Thomas Paine 托马斯·佩因 "Great Common of Mankind" 最平凡的人
"Common Sense/American Crisis/ Rights of Man/Downfall of Despotism/ The Age of Reason 3、Thomas Jefferson
Declaration of Independence
4、Philip Freneau
"Father of American Poetry"/The Rising Glory of America/The British Prison Ship/To the Memory of the Brave Americans/最佳/The Wild Honeysuckle/The Indian Burying Ground/ Romanticisms
Transcendentalism Emerson/Thoreau
Washington Irving
Sketch Book, the first modern short stories and the first great American juvenile literature.( The Legend of Sleepy Hollow睡谷的传说-----使之成为美国第一个获得国际声誉的作家)
Legends of the Conquest of Spain/ A History of New York 诙谐文学杰作
Bracebridge Hall/Talks of Travellers/ The Alhambra/
James Fenimore Cooper 詹姆斯.芬尼莫.库珀
the sea adventure tale and the frontier saga/Leatherstocking Tales”包括“The Deerslayer”“The Last of the Mohicans/The Pathfinder/The Pioneers/The Prairie/ regard as “the nearest The Spy/ The Pilot/The Littlepage Manuscripts/
3、William Cullen Bryant/
②He was the first American to gain the stature of a major poet/To a Waterfowl the most perfect brief poem in the language./
4、Edgar Allan Poe 埃德加.阿伦.坡
The Fall of the House of Usher/The Raven/Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque/first collection of short stories
5、Ralph Waldo Emersion 拉尔夫.沃尔多.爱默生
Transcendentalism to New England/
/Nature/Essays/The American Scholar our intellectual Declaration of Independence Representative Men /English Traits/Poems
6、Henry David Thoreau
Walden成名作/Civil Disobedience
7、Nathaniel Hawthorne 纳萨尼尔.霍桑
The House of the Seven Gables/Mosses from an Old Manse/The Marble Faun/The Scarlet Letter”《红字》
女主角honest, calmly face fault
8、Herman Melville 赫尔曼.麦尔维尔“Moby Dick”
9、Henry Wadsworth Longfellow 亨利.沃兹沃思.朗费罗 poet 诗人
The Poets and Poetry of Europe殊荣Poet’s corner of Westminster Abbe
Realism
代表作家:Stephen Crane 史蒂芬.克莱恩, Frank Norris 弗朗克.诺里斯,
Jack London 杰克.伦敦, Theodore Dreiser 西奥多.德莱塞.
6、Darwinism: 达尔文主义:an evident influence on naturalism, stress the animality of man, to suggest that be was dominated by the irresistible forces of evolution. 对自然主义影响极大,强调人的动物性,意味着人的命运受进化的不可抗力来决定的。
7、William Dean Howells 威廉.迪安.豪厄斯,
His defined realism: nothing more and nothing less than the truthful treatment of material.
1、Walt Whitman/free verse/Leaves of Grass the first genuine epic poem.
2、Emily Dickinson 爱米丽.狄金森
“I died for Beauty”
“Because I could not stop for Death
3、Harriet Beecher Stowe/Uncle Tom’s Cabin关注农奴制度
4、Mark Twain 代表作Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
The Gilded Age/The Adventures of Tom Sawyer/Life on the Mississippi”
5、O. Henry/short story/ the end is always surprising/ contain a great deal of slang and colloquial expressions/ The Four Million/The Gift of the Magi
★6、Henry James 亨利.詹姆斯
The American/Daisy Miller/in the Portrait of a Lady (早期最好的作品)
The Wings of the Dove/The Ambassadors/The Golden Bowl/
7、Jack London 杰克.伦敦
/The People of the Abyss/The Call of the Wild/The Sea Wolf/
/Martin Eden (autobiographical novel)
8、Theodore Dreiser 西奥多.德莱塞/Sister Carrie”/ The Financier. The Titan, The Stoic”Trilogy of Desire 欲望三部曲/An American Tragedy”最恢宏、最成功的小说,表达了金钱万能的主题。
the 20th century)
一、Background:
① World War I 第一次世界大战,America have great profit.
② Jump in technology (automobile / radio) 科技方面的跳跃(汽车/收音机)
③ old moral code breaks 旧道德体系破碎
1、Imagism 意象派:is a poetic movement of England and the United States, flourished from
1909-1917. Its credo, expressed in Some Imagist Poets, included the use of the language of common speech, project matter, the evocation of images in hard, clear poetry, and concentration.
2、Lost Generation:迷惘的一代,Writers of the first postwar era self-consciously acknowledged
that they were a “Lost Generation,” dev oid of faith and alienated from a civilization.
It describes the Americans who remained in Paris as a colony of “expatriates” or exiles.
It describes the writers like Hemingway who lived in semipoverty. It describes the Americans